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Home , Angela of Foligno, Ascent of Mount Carmel, Beatrice of Nazareth, Catherine of Genoa, Henry Suso, Ludolph of Saxony

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Abba Serapion, 222 poetic discourse, 75, 79–81, 86, 87 Abdisho Hazzaya ( Hazzaya), 180, sacred acoustics, 81–84 184–185, 186 Song of Songs, 77–79, 80, 81 Abe, Masao, 619 spiritual senses, 74–75, 77, 81, 86–87, Abelard, Peter, 70 316, 318, 363, 373, 397, 507–509, Abhishikhtananda, Swami, 525, 615, 621 511, 512 Abrahamic religions, 612, 616, 620–621 Aetius, 162, 163–165, 166–167, 169, 170, absence, 4, 519 173 Acarie, Barbe, 441, 444, 447–448 affectiones, 566 Acarie, Pierre, 447 affections, 13, 245, 294, 363, 381 Achard, 251 affective knowing, 75 Achilles, Andreas, 480 affective , 293 and Eve, 553–556 Agnès de Jésus, 446 , Hannah, 457 Agnes of Assisi, 288 Addison, Charles Morris, 462, 465, 466, Agnes of Prague, 289, 290 468 Ahlgren, Gillian, 99, 430 Adelphios of Edessa, 179–180 Akhmatova, Anna, 498 Advaita, 526, 612, 615 Akiba/Akiva (Rabbi), 43, 110, 125, 126, Aelred of Rievaulx, 238, 239, 248, 308, 127, 128, 129, 131 358 al-Hallaj, 621 aesthetics Alacoque, Marguerite-Marie, 442–443, apophatic aesthetics, 84–86, 87 517 beauty, 74 Alan of Lille, 49 definitions, 76–77COPYRIGHTEDAlbert MATERIALthe Great, 58 doxology, 75, 82, 83, 87 Albigensians, 330 eroticism, 77–79, 80 Albrecht, Ruth, 20 see also erotic imagery Alcott, Bronson, 460–461 as artisan, 75, 512 Alexander I (Tsar), 495 iconoclastic controversies, 76 Alexander of Hales, 291 Platonism, 74, 75, 80, 85, 87 Alfeyev, , 497

The Wiley Blackwell Companion to , First Edition. Edited by Julia A. Lamm. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Published 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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allegorical interpretation of scripture, 32, apophatic negation, 6, 16, 17, 41–42, 53, 60, 83, 149, 204, 253, 273 182, 222, 269, 276, 278, 294, 295, allegory, 217, 218 312, 342–343, 344–345, 348, 352, bridal mysticism see bridal mysticism; Song 414, 509, 511, 512, 544–545 of Songs see also negative early Christian hermeneutics, 59, Aqiba (Rabbi), 43, 110, 125, 126, 127, 128, 60 129, 131 ’s Ark, 253, 256–258, Aquinas, Thomas, 58, 69, 340, 536, 612 263 aesthetics, 76, 79 ’s use of, 149, 157 Neo-, 502, 505, 520, 539 see also metaphors Aramaic, 177 Alston, William P., 552 Arendt, Hannah, 394 alumbradismo/alumbrados, 90, 98, 99, 100, , 143, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 429 168, 169, 207 , 61, 82, 200, 219 Aristotle, 57, 58, 61, 140, 164 Ambrose, , 539 Arius, 101, 155, 163 America, 458–468 Arndt, Johann, 473, 474, 475, 476, 477, Ana de , 448 485, 495 Ana de Peña losa, 570 Arnold, Gottfried, 474, 477–478, 479, 482, Ana de St. Bartholomew, 448 485 analogy, 81 ascent, 11, 14, 28–29, 60, 78–79, anchoritic traditions, 358, 367, 568 260–261, 262, 263 Anderson, Douglas, 5 Angela of ’s thirty mystical Andreev, Daniil, 498 steps, 378–380 , 14, 45, 296, 374, Augustine’s Confessions, 190–199 377–380, 475 ’s mystical bridge, 381 angelification, 135, 136, 141, 260–263, communal life of the church, 203, 212 264 cosmic ladder, 134–135 angels, 135–136, 186 deification, 270, 271, 272, 273, 275–276 hierarchy, 134, 143, 171, 260–263, Enoch, 115, 123–124, 125, 127, 129, 264 130–131, 135 intercession, 136, 137 Four Degrees of Violent Love (Richard of St. Anglo-Saxon monasticism, 217 Victor), 258–259, 360 anima/animus, 44, 46, 48, 120 Itinerarium mentis in Deum/Mind’s Journey Anne of Austria, 439, 445 into God (), 69, 293–295 annihilation, 324–325, 350, 443, 445, 449, ’s ladder, 112–113 621 Ladder of Humility, 224 , 49, 64, 65, 70, 165, merkabah/merkavah experience, 110, 111, 301, 303, 358, 550–552, 555, 560, 114, 123, 124–129, 131 567, 568 Mystical Ark (Richard of St. Victor), , 147, 153–155, 179, 256–258, 263 222 Paul’s visions and revelations, 109, 110, antinomianism, 92, 93 131, 185 Aphrahat, 137, 179 stages and states, 181–186 apocalyptic literature, 133, 134, 135, 136, , 539 482 , 136, 137, 139, 148, 180, 182, apokalypsis, 107, 122 212, 267, 268, 270, 271, 273, 274, apophatic aesthetics, 83–86, 498 87 Asseburg, Rosamunde Juliane von der, 480 apophatic anthropology, 585 Assyrian Christians, 177 apophatic ethics, 344–345 Athanasius, 152, 163, 221

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atonement theory, 301–302 , 272, 273, 419, 604 , 5, 6, 7, 9, 57, 58, 60, Barlaam of Calabria, 277 61, 85, 89, 130, 133, 278, 368, 534 Barnard, G. William, 585 aesthetics, 81–2 period, 501–502 attention to communal life of the Barth, Karl, 541–542 church, 202–203 Barton, Elisabeth, 572–573 Christ’s ecclesial body, 206–208 Basil (Russian holy fool), 493 , 205–206 , 162, 164, 167, expositions of scripture, 18, 203–204 269 forgiveness, 209–210 Bassett, Thomas, 361 longing for God, 206 Bavinck, Herman, 541 praise of God, 204–205 Beatitudes (), 179, purification, 209–210 180, 285 sermons, 18, 203–204, 205, 206 , 333, sharing goods, 210–212 568 vigils, 205 Beaucousin, Dom, 444 Calvin’s reading of, 416 beauty, 74 Confessions see also aesthetics ascension narrative, 190–199 Becket, Thomas, 247 Book VII, 190–191, 192–196, , 217, 227 559 Begga, 330 Book VIII, 191, 197, 504 beghards, 90, 91, 92, 95, 329, 330, Book IX, 191, 192, 197, 198, 560 567–568 Books XI–XIII, 199 beguines, 44–45, 50, 71, 330–334, 338, Book XIII, 200 567–568 reflections on the nature of accused of heresy, 90, 91–92, 94, contemplation, 199–201 100 Vision at Ostia, 191, 192, 197–199 Bely, Audrey, 498 epistemology, 559–560 Belzen, J. A., 589 exposition of the Psalms, 130, 203, 208, Benedict XI (), 317 211 Benedict XII (Pope), 93 influence on Benedictine , 231 monasticism, 216, 219 , 223, 226 influence on Bonaventure, 68 Benedictine monasticism, 30, 288 Manichaean period, 190, 192, 194, daily offices, 217, 220, 223, 226 196 influence of Augustine, 216, 219 Platonic intellectual orientation, 62, 63, , 216, 219, 220–223 70, 190–191, 192, 193, 194, 195, key writings, 219 196, 198, 199, 216, 233 language, 218 Trinitarian theology, 62, 63, 143, 363, later developments, 232–233 537 lectiodivina, 217, 219, 225 , 329, 330, 334, 336, 337, mixed rules, 230–231 567 prayer, 218, 220–221, 223, 224–225, autobiographies, 16–17 232 Avriot, Barbe (Madame Acarie), 441, 444, Psalms, importance of, 217–218, 447–448 220–221, 223 Rule of Benedict, 216, 223–226, 230–232, Bach, Johann Sebastian, 606 237, 329 Baker, Denise, 363, 369 Berdyaev, Nicholas, 490, 493, 495–496 Balthasar, Hans Urs von, 84, 506, 507, 509, Berengar of Landorra, 93 511, 512 Berger, Peter, 578

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Bernard of Clairvaux, 15, 18, 46, 53, body–mind dualism, 53–54, 80, 509, 64–65, 81, 85, 86, 100, 248, 249, 511 292, 308, 309, 335, 391 Byzantine tradition, 273 Calvin’s reading of, 416, 418, 419 neuroscience and, 605–606 commentary on the Song of Boehme (Böhme), Jakob, 52, 456, 474, 475, Songs, 30–32, 43–44, 79, 83, 237, 476, 481, 485, 495, 496 238–242, 245, 358, 567 , 49, 61, 64, 351 early life, 237 Bojaxhiu, Agnes Gonxha ( of influence on Pietism, 473 Calcutta), 519 Luther’s reading of, 410, 412, Bolshakoff, Sergius, 497 420 Bonaventure, 19, 49, 57, 66, 68–70, 71, 85, preaching against heresy, 89 264, 335, 501, 536 see also Franciscan , 282, Bernard Silvestris, 49 290–295, 312, 316, 317 Berrigan, Daniel, 523 interpretations by modern Bérulle, Pierre de, 444–445, 446, 447, 448, theologians, 507–510, 511, 516 512 Bérullian tradition, 443, 444–447, 516– Itinerarium mentis in Deum/Mind’s Journey 517 into God, 69, 293–295 Betke, Joachim, 476 life of Francis narrated by, 291–293, Bible 312 Daniel, 135 ordo contemplativus, 313, 315 exegesis see exegesis sermon on the feast of St. Francis Exodus, 194 (1266), 314 Genesis, 130, 177, 553–556 theological aesthetic, 74, 84 see New Testament Trinitarian theology, 292 Pietist readings, 476–477, 481–482 Bonhoeffer, Dietrich, 543 poetics, 75, 81 Boniface VIII (Pope), 322 prophetic writings, 122–123, 124, 128, Boniface IX (Pope), 95 130, 134, 493 Borgia, Francis, 426, 430, 431 Proverbs, 150 Bossuet, Jacques-Benigne, 449, 450 Psalms, 18, 130, 203, 208, 211 Bourignon, Antoinette, 456, 484 importance in Benedictine Bouyer, Louis, 582 monasticism, 217–218, 220–221, Bowden, Hugh, 611, 612 223 Boyarin, Jonathan, 131 Song of Songs see Song of Songs Boyd, K., 605 translations, 18 Brague, Rémi, 389 Bible of Berleburg, 484 brain Bilinkoff, Jodi, 429 consciousness and, 603, binitarian monotheism, 141, 142 606 birthing, 345–346, 349–350 development, learning, and Black Elk, Nicholas, 7, 523, 525–526 experience, 597–600 Blake, William, 458 evolution, 595 Blavatsky, Helen, 498, 520 intrinsic activity and complexity Blok, Alexander, 495, 498 theory, 601–603, 606 Blondel, Maurice, 503, 506–507 measurement of activity, 594, 600–601 blood- and wound-mysticism, 482–484 memory, 599–600 Blount, Thomas, 454 plasticity, 598 Bloy, Leon, 517 Brautmystik, 32 Blumenberg, Hans, 393–394, see also bridal mysticism 398 Breckling, Friedrich, 476

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Brianchaninov, Ignatius, 49 Symeon the New Theologian, 83, 133, bridal mysticism, 42, 47–48, 253, 254, 255, 268, 274–276 334, 414, 418 theosis, 270, 271, 273, 275, 276, 278 aesthetics, 79 Brautmystik, 32 Caesarius of Heisterbach, 309 Helfta mysticism, 302–303, 304, 308 Cajal, Ramon, 596 Pietism, 479 Calvin, John, 5, 90, 407, 410, 415–419 see also Song of Songs Cappadocians, 162, 163, 164, 222 , 572 influence on the Byzantine tradition, 269, Brient, Elizabeth, 394 271 Brinton, Howard H., 467 see also Basil of Caesarea; Gregory of Briusov, Valery, 498 Nazianzus; Lawrence, 448 Caritas, 49–50 Brothers and Sisters of the Common Life (), 95, 329, 336–337 France, 444, 446, 447–448 Brown, Peter, 6 see also ; Teresa of Avila; Bruno, Giordano, 80, 392, 394 Thérèse of Lisieux Bryan, Jennifer, 370 , 44, 46, 242, 336, 360, 364, Buber, Martin, 54, 586, 606 395, 565 Buckham, John Wright, 465, 466–467 Cassian, John, 216, 219, 220–223, 224, Buckley, , 503 225, 226, 227, 232 Buddhism, 340, 601, 610, 612, 615–616, Cassirer, Ernst, 392, 398 618, 620–621 cataphatic affirmation, 16, 17, 41, 53, 85, Zen, 613, 615, 619 161, 182, 269, 294, 501, 502, 509, Bulatovich, Antony, 493 512, 544 Bulgakov, Sergei (Sergius), 52, 490, 493, Cathars, 89, 330 495, 496 Catherine II of Russia, 495 Bunyan, John, 495 Catherine of Alexandria, 305, 330 Burckhardt, Jacob, 388, 392 Catherine of , 391, 440, 503 Burkert, Walter, 611 Catherine of Siena, 374, 375, 380–383, Burning Bush, 126 385, 386, 440, 572 Burns, J. Patout, xx, 18 Catholicism, 2–3, 357 Burr, , 316 ascetical and mystical theology, 539 Butler, Cuthbert, 465 modern theology and mystical Bynum, Caroline Walker, 44, 53–54, 65, tradition, 501 300, 301, 305, 379, 469n Baroque period, 501–502 Byzantine tradition, 267–268 Christian transcendence, 510–512 asceticism, 267, 268, 270, 271, 273, 274 intellectual intuition, 505–507 hesychasts, 42, 276–277, 278 Neo-Thomism, 502, 505, 520, 539 influence of phenomenology of experience, 503–505 Cappadocians, 269, 271 rationalism, 502–503, 505, 506 Evagrius of Pontus, 268–269, 270, spiritual sensibility, 507–510 271, 273, 276 modernity and, 388, 391 Origen, 268, 269, 271 Pietism and, 485–486 Pseudo-Dionysius, 267, 269–270, 271 and, 407, 409, 410, 412, influence on Russian mysticism, 490, 491 423, 428, 439 Lossky’s East/West opposition, 268, Caussade, Jean-Pierre de, 443 277–278, 490, 496–497, 613 Celestine V (Pope), 322 Maximus the , 60, 67, 68, 157, celibacy, 43, 46 267, 270–274, 277 Celtic mysticism, 217 , 269, 274 Cerchi, Umiliana, 386

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Chalcedonian Trinitarian theology, 271, compunction, 221, 223, 224, 225, 272 227–228, 232 , 622 Condren, Charles de, 445, 446 Chambers, Ephraim, 454 confession, 209 Chantal, Christophe du Rabutin de, 441 Confessions, The see Augustine Chantal, Jeanne de, 441–442, 449 Congar, Yves, 278 charismata, 138, 139 Conrad of Offida, 313, 318–319 Charles V, King of France, 382 consciousness, 3, 585, 603, 606 Chen, Zhuo, 5 contemplation, 199–201 Chiara of Montefalco, 374 gazing, 399–400 Christ see Jesus Christ contemplative feeling, 564–566 Christian mysticism see mystical texts; contemplative prayer, 20, 33–34 mysticism; mystics conversos, 98, 428, 429 Christina Mirabilis, 332 Copts, 157 Christology, 71, 142–143, 151–152, Corbin, Henry, 464 154–155 Council of Chalcedon, 622 Arianism, 143, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, Trinitarian theology, 271, 272 168, 169 Council of Constantinople (381), 163 homoousios, 163, 164, 171 Council of Constantinople (869–870), 76 see also Trinitarian theology Council of Nicaea (325), 163 Chrysostom, John, 220 Council of Nicaea (787), 76 Churchill, Timothy, 131 , 439, 445, 502 Cistercians, 30, 43, 44, 49, 65, 238, 239, courtly love, 42, 569 242, 245, 246, 247–249, 335, 565, Cousin, Victor, 459 567, 568 Cousins, Ewert, 284 see Bernard of Coventry, Henry, 455, 456 Clairvaux , 331 Exordium magnum cisterciense, 249 Cuadra, Pablo Antonio, 523 female communities, 329, 331, 333 Cupitt, Don, 89, 90 see also Helfta mysticism Cusanus see civil rights movement, 529 Cusato, Michael, 4 , 282, 284, 288–290, 295 , 152 Clareno, Angelo, 313, 317 Clarke, James Freeman, 462 Dalai Lama, 523 Claudel, Paul, 52 Daniélou, Jean, 278 Clemens, Franz Josef, 392 darkness, 12, 14, 16, 41, 42, 70, 78, 80, 86, , 134–135, 136, 139, 182, 183, 192, 229, 261, 269, 294, 140–141, 143, 162 312, 316, 323–325, 348, 352, 354, Logos doctrine, 141 362, 363, 365, 366, 380, 395, 414, Cloud of Unknowing, 42, 80, 264, 357, 433–436, 448, 519, 521, 525, 545 364–367, 370, 563, 566, 572 de Certeau, Michel, 2, 399, 400, 401, 453, Cohen, Herman, 392 454, 456, 533, 545, 546 Cole, Andrew, 96 de la Colombière, Claude, 443 Colledge, Edmund, 357 de Lubac, Henri, 29, 30, 228–229, 278, Collins, Adela, 618 506 Columbanus, 217, 230–231 Defensor of Ligugé, 227 common core thesis, 584–589 deification, 187, 270, 271, 272, 273, comparative religion, 464, 614 275–276 see also interreligious perspective Demacopolous, George, 4 compassion, 565–566 Denis the Carthusian, 46 complexity theory, 601–603, 606 Derrida, Jacques, 53

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Descartes, René, 557–558 influence and legacy, 340 descent, 259, 261–262, 263, 264 interreligious comparisons, 610, 617 , 183, 239 metaphysics of flow, 341–342 detachment, 343–344, 348–349, 353 sermon on Mary and Martha, 345 Devout (Devotio moderna), 95, 329, 336–337 Suso and, 351, 352, 353, 354 Dexippus, 164–165 Tauler and, 347–348 Diadochos of Photike, 222, 276 Trinitarian theology, 342, 346, 351–352, Digulleville, William of, 569 537 Dionysius the Areopagite, 41, 57, 60, 61, union, 346 62, 63, 162, 170–173, 181, 501 Echartshausen, Karl von, 495 fragmentation of the mystical and ecstasy, 12, 13, 69, 178, 221, 354, 498, theological, 395, 397 518 influence on Bonaventure, 69, 292, 312, Pietists, 480 316 sacred acoustics, 81–84 influence on Eriugena, 66, 67 Spiritual , 317, 319, 321 interreligious perspective, 622 Victorines, 255, 258–259, 260 see also Pseudo-Dionysius Eden, 553–555 Dionysius the Carthusian, 395, 396 Edwards, Mark, 592 discernment, 424 ego dissolution, 577, 578, 584, 586, 587, divine absence, 4, 519 588 divine Light, 276, 278, 323–324, 494 see also union divine presence, 3–4, 408, 533, 577, 578, Einstein, Albert, 606 580, 583 ekstasis/ecstasis, 120, 125, 129, 131, , 187, 270, 271, 272, 273, 251–252, 257, 259, 261, 263, 543 275–276 Eleusinian mysteries, 611 Dmitry of Rostov, 492 Eliade, Mircea, 464 Dominicans, 58, 93, 95, 98, 291, 331, 340, Eliot, T. S., 79, 522 341, 345, 347, 351, 375, 423, 568 elitism, 5–6, 8–9, 273, 274, 407, 409 Dostoevsky, Fyodor, 494 Elizabeth (), 330 doxology, 75, 83, 87 Elm, Susanna, 268 , 285, 287–288 Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 19, 459–460 du Bois de Fontaines, Madeleine (Madeleine Endean, Philip, 434 de ), 446, 448 England Dulles, Avery, 613 fourteenth-century mystics, 563 , 49 Cloud of Unknowing, 42, 80, 264, 357, Dupré, Louis, 394–395, 396, 400–401, 364–367, 370, 563, 566, 572 501, 502 Hilton, Walter, 357, 361–364, 365, 370, 563 Eakin, Paul, 605 see Julian of Norwich Ebner, Margarethe, 569 Kempe, Margery, 96–98, 563, 571, 572 Eckhart von Hochheim (), 11, Rolle, Richard, 357, 358–361, 365, 12, 16, 42, 47, 58, 80, 86, 335, 355, 371, 563, 570 528, 534 Enlightenment, 2, 57, 455, 458, 460, 502, academic and clerical career, 341 539, 545 accused of heresy, 93, 94, 335, 337, 340, Enoch, 115, 123–124, 125, 127, 129, 341, 351 130–131, 135 apophatic ethics, 344–345 enstasis, 120, 129, 131, 251–252, 254, , 42, 342–343 257, 259, 260, 261, 262, 263, 264 birth of the Son in the soul, 345–346 enthused maids, 480, 482 detachment, 343–344 , 83, 179

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Epiphanius, 165, 169 Farel, William, 416 epistemology Farmer, James, 529 Anselm, 550–552, 555, 560 Farmer, Sarah, 464 Augustine, 559–560 Fascism, 619 Descartes, 557–558 Fedotov, George, 490 knowledge of good and evil, 553–557 female spirituality William James, 552–553 beguines see beguines epoptics, 150–151, 153 Franciscans, 288, 331, 373, 375, eremitical life, 313, 314, 318–319, 320, 377–378, 384 321 Helfta see Helfta mysticism see also heresy and authority, 94, 97, 100 Eriugena see medieval , 373–376 erotic imagery, 13, 27, 32, 42, 45, 46, Angela of Foligno, 14, 45, 296, 374, 77–79, 80 377–380, 475 see also bridal mysticism , 391, 440, 503 esoteric Christianity, 52 Catherine of Siena, 374, 375, 380–383, esotericism, 618, 619 385, 386, 440, 572 espirituales, 429, 430 Catherine Vigri, 380, 384–385 Eternal Wisdom, 47–48, 49, 352, 353, 475, experiences of Christ’s Passion, 374, 479, 480 375, 378, 379, 383, 386 ethical practice, 463, 466, 467, 543 hagiography, 374, 385–386 eucharist, 205–206, 270, 272, 382, Umiltà of Faenza, 375, 376–377, 419 385 Eudes, Jean, 445, 446–447, 517 Pietism, 480–482 Eunomius, 162, 163, 164, 165–167, vernacular mystical theology, 569–571 168–169, 170, 172, 173 feminine Divine, 41 eurocentricity, 516 anima/animus, 44, 46, 48 of Caesarea, 148, 149 Caritas, 48–50 Evagrius Ponticus, 147, 154, 155–157, 180, Eternal Wisdom, 47–48, 49, 352, 353, 185, 219, 220, 222, 223 475, 479, 480 influence on the Byzantine tradition, Jesus our Mother, 49, 51–52, 302, 268–269, 270, 271, 273, 276 369–370, 538, 568 Evdokimov, Pavel, 52 Minne, 48, 50, 51 Everett, Charles C., 464 , 48, 49, 52–53, 352, 495 evolution, 595–596 Pietist Sophia-mysticism, 476, 477, exegesis, 17–19, 140–141 478–480, 481, 482 early Christian hermeneutics, 59–60 Mary, 32, 43, 45, 46–47, 49, Gregory the Great, 226–230 332 Origen, 147, 149–150, 153 Byzantine hagiography, 491 Rabbinic, 27, 32, 140 see also bridal mysticism Song of Songs see Song of Songs feminist theology, 543–544 exemplarism, 19 Fénelon, François, 446, 448, 450, Exodus, 194 456 experiential knowledge, 566–569 fervour, 186–187 , 122–123, 124, 128, 130, 134, 135, Fields, Stephen, 16 229–230, 493 fiery impulses, 186–187, 220 fable, 546 Filarent of Moscow, 492 faith, 414, 417, 418, 419, 596, 606 filiation, 397–398 Farah, M. J., 593 Filippov, Danila, 498

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Flemish mysticism, 329, 571 humility, 283–284, 285–286, 295, 313 beghards, 90, 91, 92, 95, 329, 330, poverty, 284, 288–289, 290, 291, 295, 567–568 313, 314, 315, 318, 324 beguines, 44–45, 50, 71, 330–334, 338, social imaginary, 282–284, 295 567–568 see also Spiritual Franciscans accused of heresy, 90, 91–92, 94, 100 Francke, August Hermann, 477, 480, 482 Devotiomoderna, 95, 329, 336–337 Franz, Marie-Louise von, 48 Hadewijch of Antwerp, 9, 12, 18, 49, 51, Frauenfrage, 331 53, 71, 79, 302, 331, 332, 333 Frazier, James, 522 John Ruusbroec (Jan van Ruysbroeck), Free Religious Association, 462, 464 80, 334–336, 337, 390, 520, Free Spirits, 90, 95, 97, 100, 335, 341, 353 537–538 freedom, 398–399 Fletcher, John, 457 Frémyot, Bénigne, 441 Flood, David, 313 , 347, 349, 351, 569 Florensky, Pavel, 52, 493, 495, 496 friendship, 245, 442, 446–447 Flournoy, Theodore, 579 Frohlich, Mary, 7, 16 forgiveness, 209–210 Frölich, Margaretha, 474 Forman, Robert K. C., 584, 585 Frothingham, Octavius, 462, 463, 464, 466, Foucauld, Charles de, 523, 524 468 Fourth Lateran Council, 91, 567 Fructuosus of Braga, 217 France Fuller, Margaret, 461, 466 seventeenth-century mysticism, 437–439, 442, 449–450 Galgani, Gemma, 518 Bérullian tradition, 443, 444–447, Galilea, Segundo, 542 516–517 Gallus see Thomas Gallus of St. Victor Carmelites, 444, 446, 447–448 Gandhi, Mohandas (Mahatma), 528 Salesian tradition, 439–444 Garrett, William, 583 Victorines see Victorines Garrigou-Lagrange, R., 539 Francis of Assisi, 19, 69, 83, 282, 466 Gavrilyuk, Paul, 7 admiration of the beguines, 334 gazing, 399–400 Canticle of the Sun, 287, 295 Gazzaniga, Michael, 595 companions, 284, 286, 291 gendered imagery, 41, 42–43, 89 doxological solidarity with the created anima/animus, 44, 46, 48 order, 285, 287–288 body–mind dualism, 53–54 early life, 284 Caritas, 49–50 egalitarianism, 311 Eternal Wisdom, 47–48, 49, 352, 353, emphasis on the cross of Christ, 311–312, 475, 479, 480 321, 323 Jesus our Mother, 49, 51–52, 302, female disciples, 288, 373, 384 369–370, 538, 568 legacy, 290–291 Minne, 50, 51 life of Francis narrated by misogyny, 44, 53, 54 Bonaventure, 291–293, 312 Sophia, 48, 49, 52–53, 352, 495 mimetic discipleship, 285, 295 Pietist Sophia-mysticism, 476, 477, performative self-abasement, 285–287, 478–480, 481, 482 295 spiritual progress, 44 Pietist biographies, 485 Virgin Mary, 32, 43, 45, 46–47, 49, stigmata, 292–293, 295, 312, 323 332 Franciscans, 335, 377–378, 568 Byzantine hagiography, 491 centrality of the cross of Christ, 311–312, women’s mystical writing, 44–45 317–318, 321, 323, 565 see also Helfta mysticism feminine communities, 331, 375 see also bridal imagery; female spirituality

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Génébrand, Gilbert, 440 grace, 8, 21, 66, 67, 69, 92, 184, 186, 197, Genesis, 130, 177, 553–556 199, 200, 227, 229, 240, 243, 254, George of Trebizond, 219 257, 258, 260, 261, 268, 272, 276, Germanus, 220 277, 293, 311, 312, 316, 324, 336, Germany 350, 354, 363, 369, 382, 383, 398, Helfta see Helfta mysticism 408, 410–415, 417, 419, 420, 433, , 47–48, 340, 347, 348, 434, 441, 443, 482, 489, 501–503, 351–355 506–512, 540, 541, 621 , 49, 50, 53, 54, Granier, Claude de, 440 83 Grant, Sara, 615 Pietist biographies, 485 Greek mystery religions, 611, 618 , 80, 335, 340, 347–351, Gregory IX (Pope), 288 355, 569 Gregory XI (Pope), 382, 572 influence on Pietism, 475, 476, Gregory XV (Pope), 100 485 , 162, 267, 269, 271, influence on Russian mysticism, 495 276 Luther’s reading of, 410, 412–413, Gregory of Nyssa, 6, 7, 61, 137, 162, 414, 420 167–170, 172, 173–174, 219, 366, synteresis, 412, 414 397, 545, 622 Martin Luther, 5, 18, 90, 347, 391, 407, commentary on the Song of Songs, 78–79 410–415, 418, 419 influence on the Byzantine tradition, 269 Mechtild of Magdeburg see Mechtild of Gregory Palamas, 268, 277, 493 Magdeburg Gregory the Great, 15, 61, 85, 216, 219, Meister Eckhart see Eckhart von Hochheim 221, 223, 364 Pietism see Pietism commentary on the Song of Songs, 30, mysticism, 329, 347, 441 36, 226, 227, 228 Gerson, Jean, 242, 337, 396, 397, 408, interpretation of scripture, 226–230 538 Griffiths, Alan (Bede), 523, 524–525, 615, Gertrude of Hackeborn, 297, 305 617 Gertrude of Helfta, 297, 298, 304, 306 Groote, Gerard, 95, 335, 336 bridal mysticism, 302–303 Grosseteste, Robert, 49, 80 communal authorship, 298–301 Gruber, Eberhard Ludwig, 486 visions, 307–308 Guarnieri, Romana, 333 Gichtel, Johann Georg, 476, 478, 481, 485 Guerric of Igny, 247 Gilbert of Hoyland, 245–246 Guigo II, 225 Giles of Assisi, 291, 314, 320 Guillaume de Lorris, 569 Gillespie, Vincent, 367 Green, Arthur, 617 Gilson, Etienne, 242, 277 Guenon, René, 618 Giovanna, Queen of Naples, 383 Gurdjieff, Georges, 498 Gladden, Washington, 467 Gutenberg, Johannes, 18 Gleiser, Marcelo, 606 Guyart, Marie, 447 Glock, Charles, 580 Guyon, Jeanne-Marie Bouvier de la Motte, 448, gnosis, 268, 269, 270 449, 450, 456, 484, 495 Gnosticism, 61, 138, 512 Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 52 Hadewijch of Antwerp, 9, 12, 18, 49, 51, Golitsyn, Alexander, 495 53, 71, 79, 302, 331, 332, 333 Görres, Joseph von, 459 Hadot, Pierre, 150 of John, 67, 80, 106, 110–114, 617, Hammarskjöld, Dag, 7, 527–528 151 Hanson, R. P. C., 164 Gospel of Mark, 618 Harnack, Adolph, 409 Govorov, Theophanes, 492 Harphius, Henry, 337

bindex.indd 635 11/23/2016 3:56:15 PM 636 INDEX

Hartley, Thomas, 457 Meister Eckhart, 93, 94, 335, 337, 340, Harton, F. P., 539 341, 351 Harvard Divinity School, 461, 462 Teresa of Avila, 98–99, 99–100, Hase, Karl von, 473 429–430 Hasmoneans, 122 women and authority, 94, 97, 100 Haubst, Rudolf, 393 Herman, Nicolas, 448 Hebrews, Book of, 106, 114–116 hermeneutics, 59–60, 147 Heidegger, Martin, 340, 389 hermits, 155, 242, 568 heightened speech, 81, 86 see also eremitical life heikhalot, 126, 127–128, 129, 131 Heschel, Joshua, 595, 616 Heiler, Friedrich, 615 hesychasts, 42, 276–277, 278, 491, 492, Heinroth, Johann, 459 493 Helfferich, Adolph, 459 Hick, John, 616 Helfta mysticism, 297 hierarchy atonement theory, 301–302 angelic, 134, 143, 171, 260–263, 264 bridal imagery, 302–303, 304, cosmic, 270 308 Hildegard of Bingen, 13, 15, 49, 50, 53, 54, Christocentricity, 301 83, 485 continuities and discontinuities with Hildemar of Corbie, 219, 227, 231–232 Cistercian predecessors, 308–309 Hilton, Walter, 357, 361–364, 365, 370, Mary and the , 298, 299, 300, 563 303–305, 307, 309 Hinduism, 610, 612, 615, 617, 618, 620 , 305–307, 309 Hoburg, Christian, 476, 477, 485 reciprocity and co-redemption with Hoffman, Ernst, 392 Christ, 303, 306 Hollywood, Amy, 94 relationship with the dead, 303, holy fools, 494 306–307 Holy Spirit, 149, 152, 154, 273, 418, 419 visions, 307–308, 309 homoousios, 163, 164, 171 writing as a spiritual practice, 298–301 Honorius Augustodunensis, 43 Henri III, King of France, 438 Hood, Ralph W., 5, 581, 585, 587–589 Henri IV, King of France, 438, 439, 447 , 493 Henricians, 89 Hoyers, Anna Ovena, 474 Henry VIII, King of England, 573 Hügel, Friedrich von, 407–408, 503–504, Henry of Friemar, 94 505, 521 heresy Hugh of St. Victor, 49–50, 251, 252–255, alumbradismo, 90, 98, 99, 100, 429 263, 264, 292, 536 antinomianism, 92, 93 Hugo, Hermann, 481 Arianism, 143, 162, 164, 165, 166, 168 Huguenots, 438, 439, 450 169, 207 Huizenga, Johan, 388–389 beghards, 90, 91, 92, 95 humanism, 443, 444, 502 beguines, 90, 91–92, 94, 100 Hume, David, 455 Devout, 95 humility, 224, 283–284, 285–286, 295, external context, 90, 100 313, 424 Free Spirits, 90, 95, 97, 100, 335, 341, hunger, 397, 520 353 Hurd, William, 456, 457 Lollards, 95, 96, 97, 370 Huxley, Aldous, 617 persecution, 89, 90, 91–92, 95 hypostasis, 272, 273, 276 , 98, 99, 100, 428, 429 iconic gaze, 399 , 92–93, 94, 100, iconoclastic controversies, 76 333–334, 335, 337 Idel, Moshe, 612, 619–620, 621

bindex.indd 636 11/23/2016 3:56:15 PM Index 637

idolatry, 76 transcendent unity of religions, 616–620 Ignatian tradition, 7 see also Buddhism; Hinduism; Islam; Jewish , 138, 139, mysticism 143 intuition, 53, 60, 167, 253, 256, 264, 285, , 5, 374, 422–424, 429, 297, 465, 495, 496, 505–506, 511, 501–502 512, 617 “finding God in all things,” 425–427 of Lyon, 136, 138, 142, Spiritual Diary, 425 143 Spiritual Exercises, 11, 423, 424–425, Isaac of Stella, 247–248 426, 427, 428, 433–434, 435–436 Isaac the Syrian (Isaac of Nineveh), 178, illumination, 181, 182, 427, 504, 508, 184 509 , 122, 130, 134, 493 imageless prayer, 11, 31, 53, 220, 222–223, , 217, 219, 227 268, 276, 426 Islam imago dei, 65 Muslim piety, 524 imitatio Christi, 349 mysticism, 459, 613, 618, 620–621 immanence, 14, 16, 106, 110, 113, 130, Sufism, 459, 619, 620, 621 174, 287, 288, 343, 501, 510, 512, Italy 527, 537, 621 Franciscan spirituality see Francis of Assisi; immediacy, 4, 5, 12–15, 30, 111, 135, 149, Franciscans 170, 190–194, 253, 282, 283, 285, medieval women mystics, 373–376 286, 295, 311, 315, 408, 420n, 426, Angela of Foligno, 14, 45, 296, 374, 427, 430, 431, 434, 435, 437, 465, 377–380, 475 508, 511, 512, 533, 577, 610, Catherine of Genoa, 391, 440, 503 612 Catherine of Siena, 374, 375, 380–383, incarnation, 32, 35, 36, 46, 49, 58, 64, 385, 386, 440, 572 67–68, 71, 74, 76, 83, 111, 138, Catherine Vigri, 380, 384–385 156, 161, 202, 203, 207, 209, 259, experiences of Christ’s Passion, 374, 269, 270, 271–272, 273–274, 276, 375, 378, 379, 383, 386 277, 289, 292, 295, 312, 322, 323, hagiography, 374, 385–386 332, 334, 336, 352, 369, 373, 390, Umiltà of Faenza, 375, 376–377, 394, 428, 444, 445, 496, 512, 522, 385 534, 552 individualism, 407, 490 Jacob, 256, 364 indulgences, 411 Jacob’s ladder, 112–113 ineffability, 178, 490, 534, 587–588 Jacopa da Voraigne, 422 initiation, 611, 612, 615 , 296, 313, 320, 322–325 Inquisition, 98, 99, 100, 428, 429 Jacques de Vitry, 331, 332, 333, 334 intellectual intuition, 53, 60, 167, 253, Jakobs, Anna Eva, 480 256, 264, 285, 286, 465, 495–496, James, William, 2, 453, 454, 455, 460, 462, 505–507, 511, 512, 615, 463, 466, 467, 468, 503, 504, 505, 617 552–553, 579 interreligious perspective, 610, 612 common core thesis, 584–587, Abrahamic religions, 612, 616, 589 620–621 , 439, 450 dual practice of traditions, 614–615 Jantzen, Grace M., 452–453, 466, 544 interfaith boundary crossers, 523–527 Jean de Meung, 569 methodological objectivity, 614 Jefford, Clayton N., 611, 612 mystical and prophetic religions, 615– , 6, 147, 219 616 Jesuits, 423, 424, 425, 430, 439, 443, social scientific studies, 588 446

bindex.indd 637 11/23/2016 3:56:15 PM 638 INDEX

Jesus Christ Creation, 128–129 appears to Paul on Damascus road, 106, heikhalot, 126, 127–128, 129, 131 107, 108, 131 Kabbalah, 127, 618, 621 as Bridegroom see bridal mysticism; Song merkabah/merkavah experience, 110, 111, of Songs 114, 123, 124–129, 131 as image of God, 74 Name of God, 126, 127, 129, 131 as Mirror, 289, 290 numerology, 126–127, 128 as Mother, 49, 51–52, 302, 369–370, Rabbi Akiva (Akiba/Aqiba), 43, 110, 125, 538, 568 126, 127, 128, 129, 131 as Word, 17, 29, 31, 35, 37, 44, 52, 59, Rabbinic exegesis, 27, 43, 140 64, 79, 94, 130, 136, 151, 171, 202, syncretism, 131 207, 238–242, 272, 292, 382, 390, , 100, 101, 315 395, 446 Johannes de Caulibus, 565 atonement, 301–302 John beauty of, 74, 78, 79 appears to Umiltà of Faenza, 376–377 celestial Name, 138, 142 Beloved , 304, 305, 377 Christology, 71, 142–143, 151–152, Gospel of, 67, 80, 106, 110–114, 151, 154–155 617 Arianism, 143, 162, 163, 164, 165, letters, 151 166 Revelation, 81, 84, 143 homoousios, 163, 164, 171 John XXII (Pope), 93, 340 see also Trinitarian theology John Cassian, 216, 219, 220–223, 224, cross of, 311–312, 317–318, 321, 323 225, 226, 227, 232 ecclesial body, 206–208, 613 John Chrystostom, 220 purification, 209–210 , 275, 276 gaze of, 399 John of Apamea (John the Solitary), 180, glory of, 111, 141 182, 183 Incarnate Word, 18, 32, 35, 209, 290, John of Dalyatha, 178, 180, 184, 185, 186, 373, 378, 380, 398, 445, 508, 509 187 incarnation see incarnation , 76, 620 John’s Gospel accounts, 111–114 John of Fidanza, 291 light of, 151–152, 172–173 John of Ford, 245, 246–247 Logos, 141, 142, 272 John of Hoveden, 358 Mark’s Gospel accounts, 618 John of Kronshtadt, 492, 494 Passion, 374, 375, 378, 379, 383, 386, John of LaVerna, 313, 314, 319, 320–322 517, 565 John of Lykopolis, 183 prophetic-messianic role, 111–112 John of Schoonhoven, 337 Samaritan woman and, 168, 169 John of the Cross, 400–401, 422, 432, 501, Sermon on the Mount (Beatitudes), 179, 502, 505, 519–520 180, 285 , 46, 433, 434 Sophia and, 479–480 commentary on the Song of Songs, 34–37 transfiguration, 492, 494 Dark Night, 433, 434, 518 union with, 27, 86, 108, 113, 152, 237, Living Flame of Love, 433, 434, 570 289, 296, 308, 413, 415, 417, 418, persecution of, 99, 432–433 419, 541 Pietist biographies, 485 Virgin Birth, 130, 346 , 433, 434 Jesus Prayer, 7, 274, 276–277, 491–492 John Scotus Eriugena, 49, 57, 62, 66–68, Jewish mysticism, 109, 110, 119, 612, 620 71 and early Christian mysticism, 129–132 Platonism, 80 angelification, 135, 141 John the Seer, 183 angels, 134, 143 Johnson, Luke Timothy, 105

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Johnson, , 461 Lactantius, 143 Jones, Rufus, 453, 465, 466, 468, 589 Ladder of Humility, 224 Jordan, Vernon, 529 LaFleur, William R., 452 Joseph Hazzaya, 180, 184–185, 186 laity, 7, 330, 388 Juan de Yepes see John of the Cross Lambert li Begue, 330 Judaea, 120–121 Laski, M., 581 Second Temple Period, 121–124, 133, Lassalle, Hugo Enomiya, 615 134, 141 Latin, 218, 568, 570 Judaism, 120–121 see also vernacular theology; vernacular Julian of Norwich, 11, 18, 49, 51–52, 53, writings 54, 96, 97, 100, 167–169, 357, 485, Laurent de la Résurrection (Brother 538, 563, 570–571, 572 Lawrence), 448 Juliana of Liège, 443 Law, William, 456, 457 Juliana of Mount Cornillon, 332 le Saux, Henri (Swami Jung, Carl Gustav, 48 Abhishiktananda), 525, 615, 621 Juniper (Brother), 286 Leade, Jane, 478, 479, 481, 484 justification, 412, 419 , 37, 217, 219, 225, 319, 398, , 142 453, 458, 460 Lehrer, , 605 Kabbalah, 127, 618, 621 Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm, 392 Kandel, Eric, 597 Leo (Brother), 286 Kandinsky, Wassily, 499 Leo XIII (Pope), 505 Kant, Immanuel, 2, 392, 585 Leuba, James, 579 Karamustafa, Ahmet, 612 Lewis, C. S., 522, 524 Karlstadt, Andreas, 18 Lewis, Gertrud Jaron, 302 kataphatic affirmation, 16, 17, 41, 53, 85, liberalism, 463, 464, 466, 467, 468, 473 161, 182, 269, 294, 501, 502, 509, liberation theology, 542 512, 544 light, 276, 278, 323–324, 494 Katz, Steven T., 452, 582, 585, 619 Lincoln, Abraham, 464 Kauffman, Stuart, 606 Loewenich, Walther von, 410 Keenan, John, 622 Logos, 141, 272 Kelley, C. F., 610 Lollards, 18, 95, 96, 97, 370 Kelly, Thomas, 468 Longhezza Manifesto, 322 Kempe, Margery, 96–98, 563, 571, 572 Lossky, Vladimir, 268, 277–278, 490, Kenney, John Peter, xx, 212 496–497, 540, 613 kenotic spirituality, 69, 259, 350, 352, 440, Louis XIII, King of France, 439, 444 441, 445, 543 Louis XIV, King of France, 439, 449, 450 Kerby-Fulton, Kathryn, 97 Louth, Andrew, 612 Khantipalo, Phra, 615 Love, 9, 14, 33, 37, 38, 48–51, 71, 86, 92, Khlysty, 497–498, 499 193, 195, 246, 292, 303, 324, 333, King, Coretta Scott, 523 377, 440, 442, 517, 525, 536, 612 King, Martin Luther Jr, 529 Low Countries see Flemish mysticism Kleutgen, Joseph, 502 Löwith, Karl, 393–394 Klibansky, Raymond, 392, 393 lowliness, 283–284 Knitter, Paul, 616 Lucretius, 150 Knowles, David, 357 , 422–423, 425 Koester, Helmut, 611 Luther, Martin, 5, 18, 90, 347, 391, 407, 410–415, 418, 419 Labsin, Alexander, 495 Lachance, Paul, 373 Macarius (Makarios), 186, 478 LaCombe, François, 449, 450 Macrina, 6

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Madeleine de Saint Joseph, 446, 448 Mechtild of Magdeburg, 45, 50–51, 71, 84, Mahler, Gustav, 86 94, 297, 305, 306, 332 Maintenon, Madame de, 449, 450 arrival at Helfta, 298 Makarios (Macarius), 186, 478 bridal mysticism, 302 Malebranche, Nicolas, 392 communal authorship, 298–301 Malevich, Kazimir, 499 Flowing Light of the Divinity, 297, 298 Manichaeism, 190, 192, 194, 196 visions, 307–308 Mannermaa, Tuomo, 414 mendicants, 91, 291, 341, 567 Manrique, Alonso, 98 see also poverty Manuzio, Aldo, 383 Menendez, Josefa, 517 Marc the Magician, 138 Merezhkovsky, Dmitry, 498 Maréchal, Joseph, 391, 503, 505–506, 510, merkabah/merkavah experience, 110, 111, 511, 612 114, 123, 124–129, 131 Margherita of Cortona, 375 Mersch, Emile, 613 Marguerite Valois, 439 Merswin, Rulman, 347 Maria de Santo Domingo de Piedrahita, Merton, Thomas, 53, 340, 522–523, 98 621 Maria Maddalena de Pazzi, 373, 374 Messallians, 180, 181, 186, 496 Maria van Hout, 338 Messiaen, Olivier, 87 Marie de l’Incarnation, 447 metaphors, 11, 12, 13 Marie de Medici, 439 birthing, 345–346, 349–350 Marie of Oignies, 331, 332, 333 darkness, 414, 434, 435, 519 Marillac, Louise de, 448 divine and human love, 79 Maritain, Jacques, 520, 605 Divine Light, 276, 278, 323–324 Maritain, Raïssa, 520 eye, 346 Marius Victorinus, 193 fire, 186–187, 220 Mark’s Gospel, 618 hunger and satiation, 397, 520 Martha, 17, 345, 349, 430, 431 mirror imagery, 180–181, 289, 290 Martin, Thérèse see Thérèse of Lisieux sensory perception, 74–75, 77, 81, Martin of Tours, 217 86–87, 316, 318, 363, 373, 397, Martínez de Ripalda, Jerónimo, 430 507–509, 511, 512 martyrdom, 139–140, 524 see also aesthetics Martyrios, 178–179, 180, 181, 186 see also allegory; bridal mysticism; erotic Mary see Virgin Mary imagery; gendered imagery Mary and Martha, 17, 345, 349, 430, Metatron, 124, 127, 131 431 Methodists, 455, 457 Mathilda of Canossa, 567 Meyendorff, Jean, 271 Matthew, Iain, 432 Meyer, Ursula, 486 , 60, 67, 68, 157, Michael of St. Augustine, 336 267, 270–274, 277 Middle Ages, 388–389 Mazarin, Jules, 439 modernity and, 390–395, 400–401 McGinn, Bernard, xx, 3–4, 7, 28, 78, 90, 94, Millenarianism, 482 242, 282, 283, 295, 311, 313, 319, Milner, B., 596 340, 341, 352, 374, 397, 398, 400, Milner, Vincent, 457 407, 408, 409, 415, 416, 417, 420, Miłosz, Czesław, 153 427, 437, 533, 544, 564, 577, 578, Minne, 50, 51 581, 583, 612 mirror imagery, 180–181, 289, McGuckin, John, 275 290 McIntosh, Mark, 540 misogyny, 44, 53, 54 McNamer, Sarah, 16, 565 missionaries, 447 Mechtild of Hackeborn, 297 Misyn, Richard, 360

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Mitchell, Alan C., xx 536–537, 541, 577, 578, 582, 583, modernity, 388, 389, 390–395, 400–401 586 self-assertion, 394, 398 mystical religions, 615–616 worldliness, 394, 401 mystical texts, 5 see also twentieth-century mystics autobiography, 16–17 Molinos, Miguel de, 449, 456, 477 distinguishing characteristics, 9–10 Moltmann, Jürgen, 543 immediacy and transformation, 12–14 Mommaers, Paul, 622 interior versus exterior understanding of monasticism, 30, 43, 46, 65, 155, 210, 211, God, 10–12 567 paradox, 14 see also Benedictine monasticism; special religious authority, 15 Cistercians exegesis, 17–19, 140–141 Monica, 6, 191, 192, 198, 199 early Christian hermeneutics, 59–60 Moore, Stephen, 46 Gregory the Great, 226–230 Moravians, 482–484 Origen, 147, 149–150, 153 Mortley, Raoul, 164, 166 Rabbinic, 27, 32, 140 , 17, 126, 366 Song of Songs see Song of Songs Moses de Leon, 80 theological aspects, 15–17 Mother Teresa of Calcutta, 519 mystical theology, 539–540 Motovilov, Nicholas, 494 patristic tradition, 39, 74, 121, 131, 137, Muggletonians, 456 143, 219, 278, 359, 363, 364, 366, mulieres religiosae, 330, 332, 571 369, 491, 534, 535, 536, 538, 540, Murphy, N., 593 545 music, 81–84, 606 mystical union see union mysterion, 2, 119, 120, 125, 126, 127, 128, mysticism 129, 130, 131, 267 attitudes towards, 2–3 mystery religions, 611, 618 communal life of the church, 10, 43, 56, mystic fable, 546 59, 61, 95, 98, 111, 113, 137, 141, mystical progression, 34, 43, 44 202–203, 206, 209, 211, 217, 223, angelification, 135, 136, 141, 260–263, 225, 251, 283, 285, 288, 300, 308, 264 437, 504, 529, 568, 571 annihiliation, 324–325, 350, 443, 445, Christ’s ecclesial body, 206–208 449, 621 eucharist, 205–206 ascent see ascent expositions of scripture, 18, 203–204 circling and spiralling, 262–263 forgiveness, 209–210 descent, 259, 261–262, 263, 264 longing for God, 206 filiation, 397–398 praise of God, 204–205 gendered imagery, 44 purification, 209–210 illumination, 181, 182, 427, 504, 508, 509 sermons, 18, 203–204, 205, 206 initiation, 611, 612, 615 sharing goods, 210–212 Interior Castle (Teresa of Avila), 5, 45, vigils, 205 430–432, 516 definitions, 1, 2–4, 5, 10, 19, 20, 53, 59, 89, kenotic spirituality, 69, 259, 350, 352, 105, 107, 131, 177, 178, 190, 237, 440, 441, 445, 543 252, 263, 276, 283, 407, 408, 416, pilgrimage, 114–115, 363 437, 454, 459, 461, 464, 515–516, purgation, 10, 14, 181, 182, 427 544, 546, 577, 579, 610–616 purification, 179–181, 182, 504, 505 social sciences see social scientific studies spiritual development, 155 early Christian experience, 105 union, 13, 335–336, 346, 350–351, 354, see also New Testament 398, 408–409, 414, 417–419, esotericism, 618, 619 427–428, 434–435, 508, 509, ethical practice and, 463, 466, 467, 543

bindex.indd 641 11/23/2016 3:56:15 PM 642 INDEX

mysticism (con't) Nicholas of Cusa, 389, 392 Judaism see Jewish mysticism Suso and Tauler, 348 modern construction, 2, 133, 190, see also Platonism 452–454, 533 Neo-Thomism, 502, 505, 520, 539 America, 458–468 neptic theology, 621 before nineteenth-century religious Neri, Philip, 444 liberalism, 455–458 Nestorian church, 177 late nineteenth century, 458–463 Nestorius, 101 see also twentieth-century mystics Neumann, Therese, 517 perceived dangers of, 125, 138, 407, 455, neuroscience 465, 489, 492 brain development, learning, and prayer see prayer experience, 597–600 separation from theology, 533 clinical perspective, 592–594 modern theological appraisals, 540–542 consciousness and, 603, 606 mysticism as subversion, 544–547 evolution and, 595–596 Reformation onwards, 538–540 history and progress of, 596–597 mystics, 5 interpreting mystical experiences, anonymity, 7 604–605 elitism, 5–6, 8–9, 273, 274, 407, 409 intrinsic brain activity and complexity “everyday” mystics, 8–9, 409, 448 theory, 601–603 mystical authors, 5–8 memory, 599–600 persecution see heresy; persecution out of body experiences, 605 mystikos, 2, 534 provinces of the mystic and mystique, 133, 533 neuroscientist, 594 reductionism, 593, 605, 606 Nadal, Jerónimo, 427 studies of mystical and meditative Name Glorifiers, 493, 496 states, 600–601 Nasr, Seyyed Hossein, 618 New England, 458–468 Native Americans, 525 New Testament, 105–116 Nature, 19 Hebrews, 106, 114–116 negative theology, 53, 70, 182, 395, 542, John 545, 572 Beloved Disciple, 304, 305, 377 Aetius, 162, 163–165, 166–167, 169, Gospel, 67, 80, 106, 110–114, 151, 617 170, 173 letters, 151 Arius, 163 Mark’s Gospel, 142, 618 Bonaventure, 66, 70, 312, 509 Paul, 59, 60, 105–106, 107–110, 606, 620 Cloud of Unknowing, 365, 366 Damascus road experience, 106, 107, Dionysius the Areopagite, 170–173 108, 131 Eriugena, 66, 67 indwelling of the light of Christ, 173 Eunomius, 162, 163, 164, 165–167, letter to the Romans, 168, 181, 186, 168–169, 170, 172, 173 187, 362, 411 Gregory of Nyssa, 167–170, 172, 173–174 mirror imagery, 181 John of the Cross, 80, 435 speech to the court of the Meister Eckhart, 42, 86, 342–345, 537 Areopagus, 170, 172 Platonism’s influence, 161–162 spiritual pedagogy and correction, 138 transcendence and immanence, 173–174 teachings on the ecclesial body of see also apophatic negation; via negativa Christ, 207 Neoplatonism, 49, 51, 162, 164, 170, 181, visions and revelations, 109, 110, 131, 292, 295, 351, 501, 535 185, 418 Luther’s rejection of, 413 Revelation, 81, 84, 143, 314, 317 Meister Eckhart, 341, 348 viewed as Jewish texts, 620

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Newman, Barbara, 4, 87, 306, 352 on prayer, 152 Newman, John Henry, 506 on the Holy Spirit, 149, 152 Niccolò of Toldo, 383 self-castration, 148–149 , 163, 164, 168 use of allegory, 149, 157 Nicholas of Cusa, 12, 75, 79, 80, 82, 343 Ormaneto, Nicolás, 99 De visione Dei, 389–390, 396 Orthodox tradition, 7 contemplative gaze, 399–400 neptic theology, 621 controversy about mystical see also Byzantine tradition; Russian theology, 396–398 mysticism finite and infinite freedom, 398–399 Otto, Rudolf, 416, 453, 617 influence of Pseudo-Dionysius, 538 parallels with modernity, 389, 391–395, paganism, 131 401 Palmer, Edward Henry, 459 Niebuhr, H. Richard, 583 Panikkar, Raimon, 610, 612, 616 Niehardt, John, 525–526 Pannenberg, Wolfhardt, 605 Nietzsche, Friedrich, 167 Paracelsian , 475 Nikiphoros the Hesychast, 277 Paradise, 110, 111, 125, 185 Nikon (Russian ), 497 paradox, 14, 81, 83, 94, 125 Nilus of Sorka (Nil Sorskii), 491–492 paranormal experiences, 3, 4, 5, 442, 465, Noack, Ludwig, 459 585 Noah’s Ark, 253, 256–258, 263 Parente, Pascal P., 27, 33 , 143 Parker, Theodore, 460 numerology, 126–127, 128 Parsons, William, 583, 584 patristic mystical theology, 39, 74, 121, 131, Oberman, Heiko, 410 137, 143, 219, 278, 359, 363, 491, Okely, Francis, 457 534–535, 536, 538, 540, 545 Old believers, 497 Paul, Vincent de, 445, 448 Oldcastle, John, 96 Paul of Tarsus, 59, 60, 105–106, 107–110, Olier, Jean-Jacques, 445–446 606, 620 Olivi, Peter of John, 313, 314–316, Damascus road experience, 106, 107, 323 108, 131 O’Malley, John, 391 indwelling of the light of Christ, 173 optimism, 303, 369, 444 letter to the Romans, 168, 181, 186, 187, ordo contemplativus, 313, 315 362, 411 Origen of Alexandria, 6, 7, 60, 61, 64, 85, mirror imagery, 181 100, 137, 142, 233, 456, 459 speech to the court of the Areopagus, 170, aesthetics and spiritual senses, 77–78 172 Christology, 151–152 spiritual pedagogy and correction, 138 commentary on the Song of Songs, 27, teachings on the ecclesial body of 28–30, 31, 43, 77, 78, 130, 140, Christ, 207 149–151 visions and revelations, 109, 110, 131, controversies surrounding, 147–148, 185, 418 152, 220 Paula, 6 early life, 148–149 Paulinus of Nola, 217 epoptics, 150–151, 153 Peasants’ Revolt, 96 influence on Christian mysticism, 147 , 412 Byzantine tradition, 268, 269, 271 Pelagius, 154 interpretation of scripture, 147, 149–150, Penner, Hans H., 452 153 Perennialist School, 619 legacy, 157–158 perfection, 313, 314, 315 Logos-doctrine, 141 Perrin, David B., 4

bindex.indd 643 11/23/2016 3:56:15 PM 644 INDEX

persecution, 89, 90, 91–92, 95 dichotomies, 80 Inquisition, 98, 99, 100, 428, 429 goal of union, 70, 71 John of the Cross, 99, 432–433 natural affinity, 60–61 Marguerite Porete, 92–93, 94, 100, tensions, 62–66 333–334, 335, 337 Luther’s rejection of, 413 Meister Eckhart, 93, 94, 335, 337, 340, negative theology and, 161–162 341, 351 return of the soul, 51, 64, 65–66, 71, Teresa of Avila, 98–99, 99–100, 429–430 511 Peter of John Olivi, 313, 314–316, 323 Symposium, 551 Peter of Macerata, 316 Wisdom, 49, 352 Petersen, Johanna Eleonora (von Merlau), see also Neoplatonism 480–481, 484 Plotinus, 60, 61, 162, 192, 193, 194, Petersen, Johann Wilhelm, 480 195 Petrobrusians, 89 pluralism, 464, 616 Petry, Ray C., 390–391, 398, 400 Plutarch, 150 Petyt, Maria, 336 poetic discourse, 75, 79–81, 86, 87 phenomenology of experience, 503–505 Poiret, Pierre, 456 Philip of Clairvaux, 571 political theology, 543 Philippen, L. J. M., 330, 332, 333 vernacular mystical theology, 572–573 Philo of Alexandria, 59, 60, 61, 135, 162 Polkinghorne, John, 605 Philokalia, 269, 274 Pomerius, Henry, 334 Philoxenes of Mabbug, 180 Pico della Mirandola, 70 Benedict XI, 317 Pietism, 2, 19, 20, 473–474, 486–487 Benedict XII, 93 Bible of Berleburg, 484 Boniface VIII, 322 Bible study, 476–477, 481, 482 Boniface IX, 95 biographical collections, 484–485 Celestine V, 322 blood- and wound-mysticism, 482–484 Gregory IX, 288 eighteenth-century trends, 485–486 Gregory XI, 382, 572 female visionaries and authors, 480–482 Gregory XV, 100 Gottfried Arnold, 474, 477–478, 479 Gregory the Great, 15, 30, 36, 61, 85, reform impulses in the seventeenth 216, 219, 221, 223, 364 century, 474–476 commentary on the Song of Songs, 30, Sophia-mysticism, 476, 477, 478–480, 36, 226, 227, 228 481, 482 interpretation of scripture, 226–230 pilgrimage, 114–115, 363 John XXII, 93, 340 Pio, Padre, 517 Leo XIII, 505 Pius X (Pope), 337 Pius X, 337 Pius XII (Pope), 613 Pius XII, 613 Platonism, 140 Urban VI, 382, 572 aesthetics, 74, 75, 80, 85, 87 Urban VIII, 448 Bonaventure, 49, 57, 66, 68–70, 71 Porete, Marguerite, 9, 14, 15, 45, 49, 53, cosmology, 63, 64, 70 54, 65, 71, 80, 296, 567, 568, 569, early Christian hermeneutics, 59–60 570 emanation, 51, 63, 511 accused of heresy, 92–93, 94, 100, epoptika, 150 333–334, 335, 337 Eriugena, 49, 57, 62, 66–68, 71, 80 Porphyry, 61, 136, 193 Homeric interpretation, 59, 61 Porpora, Douglas V., 578, 586 impact on Christian mysticism, 56–58 positivism, 539, 593 Augustine, 62, 63, 70, 190–191, 192, poverty, 284, 288–289, 290, 291, 295, 193, 194, 195, 196, 198, 199, 216, 313, 314, 315, 318, 324, 424, 233 491

bindex.indd 644 11/23/2016 3:56:15 PM Index 645

praise of God, 204–205, 606 Lossky’s East/West opposition, 496 Pratt, James, 465 Luther’s reading of, 413 praxis, 270, 273 see also Dionysius the Areopagite prayer, 19–20, 33–34, 152 Pseudo-Makarios, 186, 187, 220, 223, Benedictine monasticism, 218, 220–221, 273 223, 224–225, 232 purgation, 10, 14, 181, 182, 427 imageless prayer, 220, 222–223, 268 purgatory, 305–307, 309, 382 Jesus Prayer, 7, 274, 276–277, 491– purification, 179–81, 182, 504, 505 492 Puritanism, 76, 539 unceasing prayer, 220, 222, 226, 268, Pythagorean school, 123 492 presence, 3–4, 408, 533, 577, 578, 580, Quakers, 455, 457, 466, 467, 468 583 Quietism, 2, 407, 438, 439, 442, 449–450, Priestley, Joseph, 458 456 Proclus, 60, 162 Qumran, 135 Procopius (Russian holy fool), 493 projection, 455 Rabbinic exegesis, 27, 43, 140 prophetic religions, 615–616 Rahner, Hugo, 426, 431, 435 prophetic tradition, 111–112, 120, Rahner, Karl, 8, 426, 506, 507, 508, 509, 122–123, 493 510, 511, 540–541, 606 prophetic-critical theology, 543 raptures, 319 Protestant liberalism, 458, 460, 464, 466, rationalism, 502–503, 505, 506 467, 468, 473 Ravindra, Ravi, 617–618 Protestant Reformation, 18, 20, 57, 76, 90, Raymond of Capua, 381, 383, 385 407–409 Raymond-Peter, 319 France, 438, 439 reason, 58–59, 71, 86, 363, 381, 398, 502, John Calvin, 5, 90, 407, 410, 415–419 536 Martin Luther, 5, 18, 347, 391, 407, reductionism, 585, 593, 605, 606 410–415, 418, 419 reform movements, 11, 410, 474–475 modernity and, 388, 391 Reformation, 18, 20, 57, 76, 90, 407–409 mysticism and, 407–410 France, 438, 439 separation from theology, 538–540 John Calvin, 5, 90, 407, 410, 415–419 Pietism and, 473, 474, 484, 485–486 Martin Luther, 5, 18, 347, 391, 407, Proudfoot, Wayne, 452, 552, 585 410–415, 418, 419 Psalms, 18, 130, 203, 208, 211 modernity and, 388, 391 importance in Benedictine mysticism and, 407–410 monasticism, 217–218, 220–221, separation from theology, 538–540 223 Pietism and, 473, 474, 484, 485–486 Pseudo-Dionysius, 8–9, 11, 12, 16, 84–85, Reitz, Johann Henrich, 485 87, 162, 181–182, 219, 233, religious authority, 15 259–260, 511, 535 Religious Experience Episodes Measure Calvin’s reading of, 416 (REEM), 581, 586 fragmentation of the mystical and the religious pluralism, 464, 616 theological, 395, 397 Renaissance, 57 influence on Bonaventure, 69, 292, 312, Renard, John, 612 316 resurrection, 187 influence on Nicholas of Cusa, 538 Reuß-Ebersdorf, Benigna Marie von, 483 influence on the Byzantine tradition, 267, Revelation, Book of, 81, 84, 143, 314, 317 269–270, 271 revelations, 107, 109–110, 267, 270, 324 influence on the fourteenth-century see also visions English mystics, 358, 365 Rhineland mysticism, 329, 347, 441 interreligious perspective, 622 see also Flemish mysticism

bindex.indd 645 11/23/2016 3:56:15 PM 646 INDEX

Richard of St. Victor, 20, 68, 69, 100, 251, saints, 3, 9, 11, 33, 54, 98, 152, 155, 198, 255–259, 263–264, 358, 360, 366, 205, 207, 211, 219, 226, 230, 282, 536, 567 330, 365, 373, 422, 423, 466, commentary on Song of Songs, 257 485–486, 489, 492, 527, 534, 553, Richelieu, Armand Jean du Plessis, Cardinal 555, 556, 564, 615 de, 439, 448 Byzantine hagiography, 491 Rilke, Rainer Maria von, 86 Helfta mysticism, 298, 299, 300, 303, Ripley, George, 460 304, 305, 307, 309 Ritschl, Albrecht, 407, 408, 409, 473 Sales, François de, 439–442, 444, 447, 448 Robin, Marthe, 517 Salesian tradition, 7, 439–444 Rock, Johann Friedrich, 486 sanctification, 419 Roerich, Nicholas, 498 Santos, Audrey, 517 Roger of Provence, 314, 319–320 Sapientia, 48, 49 Rolle, Richard, 357, 358–361, 365, 370, Sarracenus, John, 365 563, 570 Scaramelli, Giovanni Battista, 539 Roman de la Rose, 569 Scharschmied, Anna Catharina, 479–480, Romana, Francesca, 374, 386 482 Romanides, John, 278 Schelling, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph, 495 Romanticism, 19, 452, 462, 465 Schimmel, Annemarie, 612, 621 Rubenson, Samuel, 154 Schirmer, Elizabeth, 569 Rufinus, 27, 147 Schleiermacher, Friedrich, 11, 19, 452, 453, Rufus of Shotep, 157 458, 459 Ruh, Kurt, 317 Schmidt, Anna, 496 Rupert of Deutz, 28, 32, 46–47, 49, 53 Schneider, Sandra M., 9 Russian mysticism, 489–490 , 58–59, 232, 278 Byzantine influence, 490, 491 aesthetics, 75, 76 elders, 493–494 doctrine of analogy, 81 , 491, 492, 493 Scholem, Gershom, 90, 464, 612, 618 holy fools, 493 Schopenhauer, Arthur, 594 Khlysty, 497–498, 499 Schuon, Frithjof, 618, 619 Kievan period, 490 Schürman, Reiner, 342, 345 Lossky’s East–West opposition, 268, Schütz, Johann Jakob, 476–477, 481 277–278, 490, 496–497, 613 Schwärmerei, 410 modern religious thought, 494–497 Schwartz, Adelheid Sybille, 480 monastic tradition, 490–494 Schwarz, Johann Georg, 495 mystical currents outside orthodoxy, Schweitzer, Albert, 467, 541, 613, 616 497–499 science, 463 Name Glorifiers, 493, 496 reductionism, 585, 593, 605, 606 Old Believers, 497 see also neuroscience; social scientific Sergius of Radonezh, 490–491 studies Skoptsy, 497, 498 science of religion, 552 Ruusbroec (Ruysbroeck), John, 80, 334–336, see also epistemology 337, 390, 520, 537–538, 622 Scotus see John Scotus Eriugena Scoville, W. B., 596 sacraments, 270, 272, 274, 382, 419 Scriabin, Alexander, 499 see also baptism; eucharist scriptural exegesis see exegesis Sacred Heart, 442–443, 516 Second Temple Period, 121–124, 133, 134, Sahdona (Martyrios), 178–179, 180, 181, 141 186 sects, 582, 583 Saint-Martin, Louis Claude de, 495 secularism, 394 Saintes, Gerard, 334 Sedgwick, Mark J., 619

bindex.indd 646 11/23/2016 3:56:15 PM Index 647

Sega, Felipe, 99 text reports, 580 Segal, Alan F., 131 triggers facilitating mystical self-assertion, 394, 398 experience, 588 Sells, Michael, 71 William James, 579, 584–587, 589 sensory perception, 74–75, 77, 81, 86–87, W. T. Stace, 586–587, 589 316, 318, 363, 373, 397, 507–509, Socrates Scholasticus, 154, 164, 165, 169 511–512 Söderblum, Nathan, 453 see also aesthetics sola scriptura, 18 , 494 solitude, 243 Serapion (Abba), 222 Sölle (Soelle), Dorothee, 11, 543–544 Sergius of Radonezh, 490–491 Soloviev (Solovyov), Vladimir, 52, 490, 495 Sermon on the Mount (Beatitudes), 179, Soltes, Ori, 616 180, 285 Song of Songs, 27–28, 440 Severos of Antioch, 181 aesthetics, 77–79, 80, 81, 85 sexual sublimation, 455 commentaries Shankara, 617 Bernard of Clairvaux, 30–32, 43–44, Sheldrake, Philip, 16 79, 83, 237, 238–242, 245, 358, Shepherd of Hermas, 136–137, 143 567 Sikhism, 526, 612 Clare of Assisi, 289, 290 silence, 14, 82, 84, 86, 178, 184, 187, 198, Gilbert of Hoyland, 245 200, 222, 232, 237, 246, 276, 320, Gregory of Nyssa, 78–79 343, 348, 380, 528, 534, 545, 547, Gregory the Great, 30, 36, 226, 227, 611 228 sin, 19, 52, 78, 108, 116, 156, 181, 183, John of Ford, 245–247 206, 208, 210, 212, 217, 228, 256, John of the Cross, 34–37 272, 297, 303, 318, 360, 361, 362, Origen of Alexandria, 27, 28–31, 31, 365, 368, 381, 409, 411, 417, 431, 43, 77, 78, 130, 140, 149–151 440, 444, 445, 504, 517, 518, 525, Rabbinic, 27, 43 534, 539, 555, 604 Richard of St. Victor, 257 Singh, Sundar, 523, 526 Rupert of Deutz, 28, 32 Slade, Carole A., 570 Teresa of Avila, 33–34 Smith, Huston, 619 Thérèse of Lisieux, 37–39 social engagement, 527–529, 542 William of St. Thierry, 28, 31–32, 79, social gospel, 466 358, 568 social history, 3 (The) Wooing of Our Lord, 568 social imaginary, 282–284, 295 Pietism and, 474, 479 social scientific studies, 577–578 Sophia, 48, 49, 52–53, 352, 495 church/sect distinction, 582, 583 Pietist Sophia-mysticism, 476, 477, common core thesis, 584–589 478–480, 481, 482 contextual dependence of mysticism, 582 soul, 7, 11, 12, 13, 17, 19, 82, 83, 84, 86, debates over mysticism, 578–580 87, 92, 94, 98, 100, 109, 120, 130, Ernst Troeltsch, 579, 582–584, 585, 586, 131, 134, 135, 151, 154, 156, 171, 589 227, 228, 229, 230, 293, 294, 296, interreligious differences, 588 297, 301, 303, 305, 308, 316, 318, mysticism outside institutional 324, 325, 362, 363, 364, 369, 376, religion, 583–584 413, 414, 441, 449, 537, 568, 569, Ralph W. Hood, 581, 585, 587–589 593, 603, 606, 617 scales, 580–581 Augustine, 190–202 M scale, 587, 588, 589 Byzantine tradition, 268, 269, 272, 273, Religious Experience Episodes Measure 275, 276, 277 (REEM), 581, 586 Catherine of Siena, 380–382

bindex.indd 647 11/23/2016 3:56:15 PM 648 INDEX

soul (cont’d) Stephen (martyr), 139, 210 dark night, 244, 433, 505 Stewart, Columba, 18 gender and, 41–48, 50, 51, 52, 54 stigmata, 295, 312, 317, 323, 518 Meister Eckhart, 342–346 Stiles, Ezra, 457 modern , 503, 505, Stilling, Jung, 495 507–509 Stroumsa, Gedaliahu Guy, 141 Pietism, 479, 482, 483, 486 sublimation, 455 Platonism, 60–62, 64–67, 69–71 subversion, 544–547 Song of Songs, 27–39, 77–79, 237–242, suffering, 54, 69, 517, 518 245, 246 Sufism, 459, 619, 620, 621 , 426–428, 430–433 Sulpicians, 445, 446, 447, 450 Suso, 351, 354 Sulpitius Severus, 219, 230 Syriac mysticism, 180, 182–187 Surius, Laurentius, 337 Tauler, 348–350, 412, 476 Suslov, Ivan, 498 victim souls, 517 Suso, Henry, 47–48, 340, 347, 348, Victorines, 252–264 351–355 Southern, R. W., 301 Suzuki, Shunryu, 619 Spanish mystics see Ignatius of Loyola; John Swami Abhishiktananda, 525, 615, 621 of the Cross; Teresa of Avila Swatos, William, 582 Spener, Philipp Jakob, 476, 478, 480 Swedenborg, Emmanuel, 458–459, 460, 526 Speyr, Adrienne von, 517 Swestriones, 95 Spinoza, Baruch, 80 Swift, Jonathan, 455 , 423, 425, 427, 428, 489, Symeon Eulabes, 274 493–494 Symeon the New Theologian, 83, 133, 268, Spiritual Franciscans, 312–314, 374 274–276, 496 Conrad of Offida, 313, 318–319 Symonds, John, 586 eremitical life, 313, 314, 318–319, 320, syncretism, 131 321 synteresis, 412, 414, 417 Jacopone da Todi, 296, 313, 320, Syon , 569 322–325 Syriac language, 177 John of LaVerna, 313, 314, 319, Syriac mysticism 320–322 ecstasy, 178 Peter of John Olivi, 313, 314–316, 323 fire and fervour, 186–187 Roger of Provence, 314, 319–320 purification and perception, 179–181 Ubertino da Casale, 313, 314, 316–318, resurrection and deification, 187 319, 321, 322, 323, 325 silence, 178 spiritual senses, 74–75, 77, 81, 86–87, 316, stages and states, 181–186 318, 363, 373, 397, 507–510, 511, Way of Christ, 177, 183 512 Syrian Orthodox Church, 177 Spiritualists, 474, 475–476 spirituality, 454 Tagore, Rabindranath, 522 ethical practice and, 463, 466, 467 Talmud, 110, 120, 121, 125, 177 Sprögel, Susanna Margarethe, 474, 478, Tamminen, Kalevi, 580 479, 482 Tanquerey, A. A., 539 Stace, W. T., 586–587, 589 Tauler, Johannes, 80, 335, 340, 347–351, Stagel, Elsbeth, 351 355, 569 Stanley, David, 616 influence on Pietism, 475, 476, 485 Stark, Rodney, 580 influence on Russian mysticism, 495 Staupitz, Johann von, 411, 485 Luther’s reading of, 410, 412–413, 414, Steeman, Theodore, 582 420 Stendahl, Krister, 620 synteresis, 412, 414

bindex.indd 648 11/23/2016 3:56:15 PM Index 649

Taves, Ann, 585 theosis, 270, 271, 273, 275, 276, 278, Taylor, Charles, 282, 283 414 Taylor, Mark C., 452 Thérèse of Lisieux, 37–39, 89, 517–518 tears, 222, 224, 225, 227, 232 Theresia of Nola, 217 Teasdale, Wayne, 525 Thomas à Kempis, 475, 485, 495 Teilhard de Chardin, Pierre, 12, 52, 522 , 58, 69, 340, 536, 612 Temple veil, 114, 115 aesthetics, 76, 79 Teresa of Avila, 3–4, 5, 11, 19, 400–401, Neo-Thomism, 502, 505, 520, 539 422, 428–429, 433, 435, 447, 448, Thomas Gallus of St. Victor, 251, 252, 501, 502, 570 259–263, 264, 292, 312, 316, 365, accused of heresy, 98–99, 99–100, 566 429–430 Thomas of Cantimpre, 331, 332, 333 , 100 Thomas of Hales, 565 commentary on the Song of Songs, 33–34 throne-imagery, 134, 142 Interior Castle, 5, 45, 430–432, 516 see also merkabah/merkavah experience Pietist biographies, 485 Thurman, Howard, 16, 528–529 Tersteegen, Gerhard, 485–486 Tillich, Paul, 541, 595–596 , 76, 136, 139, 142, 143 Tolstoy, Lev, 494 Tetragrammaton, 127, 131, 166 Toner, Jules, 434 Theissen, Gesa, 75 Tracy, David, 545 Theodore (Russian holy fool), 493 transcendence, 173–174, 194, 195, 196, Theodore of Studios (the Studite), 76, 275 399, 401, 594 Theodosius of the Kievan Caves, 491 modern Catholic theology and theology, 15–17 mysticism, 510–512 Christology see Christology Transcendentalism, 19, 460, 461, 462, 463, feminist theology, 543–544 464 liberation theology, 542 transfiguration, 492, 494 Lossky’s East–West opposition, 268, transformation, 3, 4, 12, 135, 489, 490, 277–278, 490, 496–497, 540 518, 519 medieval mystical , 535–538 , 522, 524 modern Catholicism, 501 Trinitarian theology, 69, 121, 141–144, Baroque period, 501–502 156–157, 163, 244, 269, 292, 317, Christian transcendence, 510–512 350, 537–538 intellectual intuition, 505–507 Augustine, 62, 63, 143, 363, 537 Neo-Thomism, 502, 505, 520 baptismal formula, 167–168 phenomenology of experience, 503–505 Chalcedonian definitions, 271, 272 rationalism, 502–503, 505, 506 hypostasis, 272, 273, 276 spiritual sensibility, 507–510 Ignatius of Loyola, 425–426 patristic mystical theology, 39, 74, 121, Meister Eckhart, 342, 346, 351–352, 131, 137, 143, 219, 278, 319, 363, 537 364, 366, 369, 491, 534–535, 536, Spanish mystics, 431–432, 435 538, 540, 545 Victorines, 252, 536 political theology, 543, 572–573 Troeltsch, Ernst, 579, 582–584, 585, 586, separation from mysticism, 533 589 modern theological appraisals, 540–542 Turner, Denys, 294, 395, 396, 533, 585 mysticism as subversion, 544–547 twentieth-century mystics Reformation onwards, 538–540 advocates for the reign of God, 527–529 Trinitarian see Trinitarian theology bearers of the passion, 516–520 vernacular see vernacular theology interfaith boundary crossers, 523–527 theophanies, 142–143 scholars and writers, 520–523 theoria, 180, 268, 270 Tylus, Jane, 385

bindex.indd 649 11/23/2016 3:56:15 PM 650 INDEX

Ubertino da Casale, 313, 314, 316–318, influence of Bonaventure, 292, 312 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 325 Richard of St. Victor, 20, 68, 69, 100, Umiltà of Faenza, 375, 376–377, 385 251, 255–259, 263–264, 358, 360, unceasing prayer, 220, 222, 226, 268, 492 366, 536, 567 Underhill, Evelyn, 2, 53, 390, 391, 398, commentary on the Song of Songs, 257 400, 453, 465, 466, 503, 504–505, Thomas Gallus, 251, 252, 259–263, 264, 521–522 292, 312, 316, 365, 566 union, 13, 181, 182, 335–336, 346, vigils, 205 350–351, 354, 398, 408–409, 414, Vigri, Catherine, 380, 384–385 417–419, 427–428, 434–435, 508, Vincent of Aggsbach, 395, 396, 397, 401 509, 536–537, 541, 577, 578, 582, Virgin Birth, 130, 346 583, 586 Virgin Mary, 32, 43, 45, 46–47, 49, 332 Unitarians, 458, 460, 462, 463, 464 Byzantine hagiography, 491 United States, 458–468 Helfta mysticism, 303–305 universalism, 458, 462, 465 virginity, 621 Urban VI (Pope), 382, 572 visions, 307–308, 309, 319, 353–354, 480, Urban VIII (Pope), 448 481 Ursulines, 447 see also revelations Visitation , 442, 443 Valdés, Fernando de, 428 vita apostolica, 91, 282 Vallées, Marie de, 446 Vitry, Jacques de, 288 Van Bragt, Jan, 622 van Hout, Maria, 338 Wach, Joachim, 105 van Leeuwen, John, 336 Waldensians, 91 van Ruysbroeck (Ruusbroec), Han, 80, 334– Walpole, Horace, 455 336, 337, 390, 520, 537–538, 622 Walsh, James, 357 Vanna of Orvieto, 374 Walter of Wimborne, 358 Vatican Council II, 231, 534, 539 Warburton, William, 456 Vaughan, Robert Alfred, 459, 462, 464, Ware, Henry Jr., 461 465, 468 Ware, Kallistos, 621 Velichkovsky, Paisy, 492 Wasserstrom, Steven, 453, 464 Verdeyen, Paul, 334 Watson, Nicolas, 370, 563, 564, 565, 572 vernacular theology, 15, 562, 563–564, 573 Wattewille, Johannes von, 483 contemplative feeling, 564–565 Weber, Max, 582 experiential knowledge, 566–569 Webster, Noah, 457 political dimension, 572–573 Weigel, Valentin, 475 women and textual culture, 569–571 Weil, Simone, 518–519 vernacular writings, 337, 341, 357, 388, Wesley, John, 187 562–563, 573 Whitman, Walt, 460 Vernet, Felix, 299 Wickham, Lionel, 165, 166 Vernon, Glenn, 580 Wicks, Jared, 412 Very, Jones, 460 William of Champeaux, 251 Vetter, Anna, 474 William of Digulleville, 569 via negativa, 161, 395, 540 William of St. Thierry, 28, 31–32, 44, 85, see also apophatic negation; negative 100, 237, 240, 242–245 theology commentary on the Song of Songs, 28, Vico, Giambattista, 392 31–32, 79, 358, 568 victim spirituality, 516–517, 518 Williams, Rowan, 163, 166, 169, 174, Victorines, 44, 68, 251–252, 334, 358, 546–547 565, 567 Wisdom, 47–48, 49, 352, 353, 475, 479, Hugh of St. Victor, 49–50, 251, 252–255, 480 263, 264, 536 Wittgenstein, Ludwig, 610–611, 622

bindex.indd 650 11/23/2016 3:56:15 PM Index 651

Wolfson, Elliot R., 618 Yogacara, 622 wonder, 400 Yvette of Huy, 332 Wooing Group, 358 Wulff, David, 586 Zadonsky, Tikhon, 492 Wyclif, John, 95, 101 Zen, 613, 615, 619 Wycliffism, 96, 97–98, 563 Zinzendorf, Nikolaus Ludwig, 482, 483 Zwingli, Ulrich, 76, 410 Yannaras, Christos, 278 Yoga, 526

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