1 A PORTRAIT OF CENTRAL ITALY’S GEOLOGY THROUGH GIOTTO’S PAINTINGS 2 AND ITS POSSIBLE CULTURAL IMPLICATIONS 3 4 Ann C. Pizzorusso 5 6 Independent Geologist, 511 Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York 10011 USA 7 8 Correspondence to: Ann C. Pizzorusso (
[email protected]) 9 10 Abstract. Central Italy has some of the most complex geology in the world. In the midst 11 of this inscrutable territory, two people emerged--St. Francis and Giotto--they would 12 ultimately change the history of ecology, religion and art by extoling the landscapes and 13 geology of this region. 14 15 From Antiquity to the Middle Ages, man had a conflictual relationship with nature, seeing 16 it as representing either divine or satanic forces. On the vanguard of a change in 17 perspective toward the natural world was St. Francis of Assisi (c.1181-1226) who is now, 18 thanks to his pioneering work, patron of ecology. He set forth the revolutionary philosophy 19 that the Earth and all living creatures should be respected as creations of the Almighty. 20 21 St. Francis’ affinity for the environment influenced the artist Giotto (c.1270-1337) who 22 revolutionized art history by including natural elements in his religious works. By taking 23 sacred images away from Heaven and placing them in an earthly landscape, he 24 separated them definitively from their abstract, unapproachable representation in 25 Byzantine art. Giotto’s works are distinctive because they portray daily life as blessed, 26 thus demonstrating that the difference between the sacred and profane is minimal.