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"Die Jüdin Von Toledo" Von Lion Feuchtwanger

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DIPLOMARBEIT Titel der Diplomarbeit Von Ambiguität und kultureller Identität. Eine andere Perspektive auf den Roman "Die Jüdin von Toledo" von Lion Feuchtwanger Verfasserin Vera Kofler-Mongold angestrebter akademischer Grad Magistra der Philosophie (Mag.phil.) Wien, November 2012 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt: A 385 Studienrichtung lt. Studienblatt: Arabistik Betreuer: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Rüdiger Lohlker Von Ambiguität und kultureller Identität Eine andere Perspektive auf den Roman "Die Jüdin von Toledo" von Lion Feuchtwanger Vera Kofler-Mongold DANKSAGUNG Vor allem möchte ich Herrn Professor Dr. Rüdiger Lohlker für die aufmerksame und stetige Begleitung bei der Erstellung dieser Diplomarbeit danken. Die Gespräche mit ihm haben mich immer wieder dazu inspiriert, tiefer in die Materie einzudringen und haben mir mehrfach neue Perspektiven im Zugang zum Thema eröffnet. Ganz besonders danke ich meinem Mann für die Zuwendung und Ermutigung während der gesamten Dauer des Studiums und für die Hilfestellungen beim Lektorat und den technischen Aufgaben bei der Erstellung dieser Arbeit. Weiters danke ich meiner Familie und meinem Freundeskreis für den Rückhalt und die zahlreichen Anregungen. Allen Professoren und Lehrenden des Instituts für Orientalistik gilt mein besonderer Dank für die umfassenden Kenntnisse, die sie mir vermittelt haben und für die Möglichkeit, mein Interesse an der Welt des Islam durch ein profundes Wissen zu untermauern. Inhaltsverzeichnis I. EINLEITUNG..............................................................................................................5 1. Ziel und Relevanz des Themas "Von Ambiguität und kultureller Identität".............5 1.1 Forschungsfrage und Forschungsstand..............................................................5 1.2 Literatur und historische Realität.......................................................................8 1.3. Die Wurzeln gemeinsamer Lebensformen für Christen und Muslime..............9 2. Methoden der Analyse: Gesellschaftstheoretische Ansätze und allgemeine Grundsätze der Kulturpoetik.......................................................................................11 3. Begriffsbestimmungen............................................................................................13 3.1. Ambiguität ......................................................................................................13 3.2. Kulturelle Ambiguität .....................................................................................14 3.3. Identität ..........................................................................................................16 3.4 Kulturelle Identität...........................................................................................17 II. LION FEUCHTWANGER (1884-1958) ................................................................19 1. Der wenig gewürdigte Literat ................................................................................19 1.1 Leben in München und Berlin..........................................................................20 1.2. Exil in den USA..............................................................................................21 2. Motivation für den Roman "Die Jüdin von Toledo"...............................................22 III. "DIE JÜDIN VON TOLEDO"..............................................................................25 1. Die Handlung..........................................................................................................26 1.1 Erster Teil.........................................................................................................26 1.2. Zweiter Teil.....................................................................................................27 1.3. Dritter Teil ......................................................................................................28 2. Zentrale Figuren des Romans................................................................................29 2.1. König Alfonso ................................................................................................29 2.2. Jehuda Ibn Esra...............................................................................................31 1 2.3. Don Rodrigue..................................................................................................34 2.4. Ms Ibn Dad ..............................................................................................36 2.5. Raquel.............................................................................................................37 3. Das 12. Jahrhundert auf der Iberischen Halbinsel..................................................38 3.1. Geschichtlicher Abriss....................................................................................38 3.2. Erzählerische Perspektive...............................................................................40 Exkurs: Alfons VIII. von Kastilien .......................................................................42 IV. AMBIGUITÄTSTHEORETISCHE PERSPEKTIVE ........................................47 1. Die Protagonisten des Romans...............................................................................47 1.1. Don Alfonso....................................................................................................48 1.2. Jehuda Ibn Esra ..............................................................................................51 1.3. Don Rodrigue..................................................................................................52 1.4. M s Ibn Da'd ..............................................................................................53 1.5. Raquel.............................................................................................................54 2. Unterschiedliche gesellschaftliche Werte ..............................................................55 V. AL-ANDALUS - das islamische Spanien................................................................58 1. Die Geschichte des Islam in Spanien......................................................................58 1.1 Reconquista - die Wiedereroberung des muslimischen Spanien......................63 2. Islamische Strukturen in Gesellschaft, Wirtschaft und Kultur ...............................67 2.1. Al-Andalus und der christliche Norden...........................................................67 2.2. Bildungswesen ...............................................................................................71 2.3. Lebensstil........................................................................................................73 3. Ethnische, religiöse und gesellschaftliche Gruppen...............................................74 Exkurs: Américo Castro..............................................................................................78 1. Morada de la vida - "die Behausung des Lebens"..............................................78 VII. IDENTITÄTSSTIFTUNG DURCH SPRACHE................................................83 1. Die arabische Sprache als Bindeglied zwischen Ethnien und Religionen..............83 2 1.1. Die erste Koran-Übersetzung in die lateinische Sprache................................85 1.2. Das Verhältnis von lateinischer und arabischer Sprache.................................86 1.3. Arabische Lehnworte .....................................................................................87 Exkurs: Ibn Ḥazm al-Andalusī....................................................................................88 VII. RESÜMEE...........................................................................................................100 VIII. LITERATURVERZEICHNIS .........................................................................104 1. Monographien und Sammelbände........................................................................104 1.1 Primärliteratur................................................................................................104 1.2 Sekundärliteratur............................................................................................104 2. Aufsätze und Artikel.............................................................................................107 3. Elektronische Quellen...........................................................................................108 4. Enzyklopädien, Lexika.........................................................................................108 5. Bildnachweise.......................................................................................................109 6. Technische Hinweise.............................................................................................109 IX. KURZBESCHREIBUNG/ ABSTRACT..............................................................110 X. LEBENSLAUF........................................................................................................112 3 4 I. EINLEITUNG 1. Ziel und Relevanz des Themas "Von Ambiguität und kultureller Identität" Das Zusammenleben von Menschen, die in unterschiedlichen Kulturen und Glaubens­ bekenntnissen sozialisiert wurden, gelingt am besten, wenn die Mehrdeutigkeit, die Ambiguität, von einer multipolaren Gesellschaft als positiver Wert gesehen wird. Werte, Normen und Grundsätze, aber auch gemeinsame sichtbare Rituale und Verhaltensweisen sind die sichtbaren Zeichen von Kultur, die einer Gesellschaft die Orientierung ermöglichen. Die unmittelbare Relevanz des Themas ergibt sich aus der aktuellen gesellschaftlichen
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