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Issue No. 07-08/2016 - Monday 15 February 2016 CERN Bulletin More articles at: http://bulletin.cern.ch

THE DISCOVERY UNCOVERED

Almost exactly one hundred years after the publication of Einstein’s paper on General Relativity, the LIGO and Virgo collaborations have published a paper in which they show a a word gravitational signal emitted by the merger of two black holes. The signal has been observed from the director-general with 5-sigma accuracy and is the first direct observation of gravitational waves. CONGRATULATIONS ON THE DIRECT DETECTION OF GRAVITATIONAL WAVES

This week saw the announcement of an extraordinary result: the first direct detection of gravitational waves by the LIGO Scientific Collaboration, which includes the GEO team, and the Virgo Collaboration, using the twin Laser Interferometer Gravitational- wave Observatory (LIGO) detectors located in Livingston, Louisiana, and Hanford, Washington, USA.

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On Thursday, 11 February, Barry Clark Barish, one of the fathers of the LIGO experiment, presented the latest results in a packed Auditorium. In this issue Ripples in space-time, the fabric of the Universe: a beautiful, perfectly shaped signal coming this is how we can picture gravitational waves. from the unimaginable collision of two black NEWS In his visionary paper published in June 1916, holes with masses of around 36 and 29 times Einstein predicted that masses deform space- that of the Sun. The discovery uncovered 1 time and, therefore, any change in their position Congratulations on the direct causes a distortion that propagates at the speed The signal was recorded by LIGO’s detection of gravitational waves 1 of light, resulting in gravitational waves. interferometers on 14 September 2015, at the Latest news from the YETS: beginning of the new run following a long on the home straight, handover It wasn’t until 1975, over 60 years later, that upgrade campaign from 2010 to 2015. The first to operations in sight 3 Russell Hulse and Joseph Taylor, who were ever gravitational signal shows a distortion that Augmented reality for improved safety 3 awarded the in 1993, inferred the becomes more intense and reaches a higher AWAKE’s plasma cell arrives at existence of gravitational waves by observing frequency as the black holes spiral towards the its destination 4 the neutron star binary system PSR1913+16 collision point and fades out again after the When ideas grow up 5 in which the orbital period of the pulsar has collision, when a considerable part of the initial Love science? Tell us about it and win! 5 decreased over the years: the measurement was energy is dissipated in gravitational waves. perfectly in line with the loss of energy through Computer Security 6 gravitational waves predicted by General But don’t imagine a huge explosion! There is no Relativity. However, we have had to wait air out there so no sound (sound is a vibration Official news 7 another 40 years for the first direct observation: or mechanical wave that needs a medium to Learning 7 Take note 8 Seminars 10 (Continued on page 2)

Published by: CERN-1211 23, Switzerland Tel. + 41 22 767 35 86 Printed by: CERN Printshop © 2016 CERN - ISSN: Printed version: 2077-950X Electronic version: 2077-9518 a word from the director-general (Continued from page 1) LATEST NEWS FROM THE YETS: ON CONGRATULATIONS ON THE DIRECT DETECTION OF THE HOME STRAIGHT, HANDOVER GRAVITATIONAL WAVES TO OPERATIONS IN SIGHT predicted gravitational travel at the speed of light, this catastrophic was the last missing ingredient of the waves in a paper published 100 years ago event happened more than 1 billion years Standard Model: the quantum theory that in 1916. They are a natural consequence ago. This observation represents another describes fundamental particles and all of being installed for the ATLAS and TOTEM of the theory of general relativity, which crucial milestone in the experimental their interactions, with the exception of With the PS Booster already in its hardware commissioning phase and the PS being handed experiments. describes the workings of gravity and was verification of general relativity, and opens gravity. This week’s discovery paves the over to the operations teams this week, the injector chain is almost ready for the restart of the published a few months earlier. Until now, the door to a new phase of exploration way to significant improvements in our LHC run, planned for the end of March. A list of tests to be carried out in order to they have remained elusive. of the universe: gravitational wave understanding of gravity through future validate all the magnet circuits is being astronomy. measurements of gravitational waves. After an intense maintenance campaign The LHC operators are eager to restart the prepared by teams in the Technology Gravitational waves are tiny ripples Results such as these two come along only over the last few weeks, the PS is now being physics run around the end of March. For department. New Electrical Quality Assurance in space-time produced by violent The importance of this result for physics very rarely, and it is a privilege to be able cleaned and prepared for commissioning. the time being, all maintenance operations (ELQA) tests have also been added to the list gravitational phenomena. Because the is huge. Much of what we take for granted to see them. They also spur us on to the are progressing according to schedule. of jobs to be completed before powering. fractional change in the space-time in modern society rests on two pillars, greatest challenge of our time in physics: At the SPS, the last access for YETS activities In particular, all the repairs involving the The Departmental Safety Officer (DSO) test geometry can be at the level of 10-21 or theoretical frameworks that emerged at the reconciliation of general relativity and is planned for Friday, 19 February. More than cryogenic equipment have been completed will trigger the handover of the LHC to the smaller, extremely sophisticated, high- around the same time. General relativity quantum mechanics. 560 interventions have taken place over the but inspections are still under way to identify operations teams. sensitivity instruments are needed to is one. Quantum mechanics is the other. past eight weeks. Since the beginning of and fix any possible leaks. Wherever new detect them. Recently, the Advanced LIGO GPS positioning systems would not work Congratulations to the LIGO and Virgo the technical stop, 14 magnets have been hardware (in particular for the LHC beam Antonella Del Rosso detector increased its sensitivity by almost without general relativity, while much of Collaborations for this extraordinary changed and three more will be replaced absorber for injection, the so-called TDI) has a factor of four, which was crucial for the the electronics industry is built on quantum contribution to fundamental physics! before commissioning starts. The campaign been installed, the final position has been reported observation. mechanics. Yet the two theories seem to be for identifying obsolete cables is progressing validated using X-ray technology. The cabling incompatible. well and will be completed on schedule. campaign is continuing, with new cables The by-now familiar GW150914 signal, recorded on 14 September 2015, is Four years ago at CERN, we dotted the “i”s To learn more about this new discovery, attributed to the merger of two massive and crossed the “t”s of the Standard Model read the article “The discovery uncovered” black holes - 30-40 solar masses each - of particle physics with the discovery of on page 1. occurring at a distance of about 400 the Higgs boson, the messenger of the Megaparsecs. Since gravitational waves Brout-Englert-Higgs mechanism. This Fabiola Gianotti AUGMENTED REALITY FOR IMPROVED SAFETY

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THE DISCOVERY UNCOVERED Sometimes, CERN experts have to operate in low visibility conditions or in the presence of environment that is not fully predictable, possible hazards. Minimising the duration of the operation and reducing the risk of errors is frequently with bad and changing lighting. “We try to provide accuracy in the range therefore crucial to ensuring the safety of personnel. The EDUSAFE project integrates different of millimetres without losing speed and propagate) and nothing but gravitational waves perturbation it causes. In other words, we paper reports that it occurred at about 1000 technologies to create a wearable personnel safety system based on augmented reality. flexibility,” says Giulio Aielli from the University can escape from a black hole, not even light, so now have a very powerful instrument to study million light-years from the Earth. Nothing to of Rome Tor Vergata, who coordinates the AR from our vantage point, everything happened previously invisible events in the Universe. And worry about, then, but a huge discovery for technology development team. “Since this is in darkness and silence. Indeed, such an event you don’t have to worry about this catastrophic humankind. around is difficult. The EDUSAFE something not yet achieved by the AR systems can only be “seen” through the gravitational event happening anywhere near you: the Antonella Del Rosso Innovative Training Network project (see box) uses augmented reality (AR) to reduce the currently available, we are developing our duration of the operation and to enhance the own solution: the Weighting Resistive Matrix safety of the worker by decreasing the room technology.” Originally conceived in 1992 at LIGO, Virgo, and others for error. the University of Rome Tor Vergata for high- energy physics experiments, the Weighting The teams behind the LIGO interferometer Other interferometers are currently under The basic principle of any laser interferometer “We are designing an innovative system Resistive Matrix technology has been further in the US, the Virgo interferometer in Italy development around the world: KAGRA for the direct observation of gravitational that integrates some systems already in developed in the framework of the EDUSAFE and the GEO600 interferometer in Germany under construction in Japan; the Indigo waves is based on an L-shaped design: the use, in particular the active dosimeter, with project and combined with the cutting-edge have been collaborating since 2004, and project submitted to the Indian Government; gravitational wave produces a distortion new technologies,” explains CERN’s Olga artificial vision computer technologies and in 2007 they signed a Memorandum of and, taking a longer term perspective, the of the local metric such that one axis of The EDUSAFE integrated safety system uses a camera Beltramello, EDUSAFE Network Coordinator. pattern recognition software developed at Understanding to analyse their data together Einstein Telescope to be located on the Earth’s the interferometer is stretched while the mounted on the helmet to monitor the working area. “Through an electronic board that collects EPFL in Lausanne. and exchange technologies. The current paper surface, and the LISA observatory, which will orthogonal direction shrinks. This distortion inputs from various sensors and a camera is jointly signed by the three collaborations. be orbiting in space. between the two arms oscillates with the In its everyday operation of machines and sends them via a wireless connection, The safety equipment developed by frequency of the gravitational wave. and facilities, CERN adopts a whole set of the worker is constantly monitored by EDUSAFE will be able to identify radioactive measures and safety equipment to ensure operators located on the surface. At the same spots accurately. Using a gamma-ray the safety of its personnel, including personal time, AR technologies allow the real-time camera – currently still being developed by wearable safety devices and access control computer-based identification and analysis Canberra, a company specialising in nuclear systems. However, sometimes, scheduled of the objects in the worker’s environment measurement solutions – the system will scan and emergency maintenance work needs and project necessary information onto the the environment and highlight radioactive to be done in zones with potential cryogenic display of his or her smart glasses.” spots via AR on the smart glasses worn by the hazards, in the presence of radioactive operator. “The difficult part here is to think of equipment or simply in demanding An important requirement is fast pattern the combination of measurements needed conditions where visibility is low and moving recognition and tracking of objects in an to quickly identify the source,” explains Enzo

2 CERN Bulletin Issue No. 07-08/2016 3 Paradiso of Canberra, a PhD student and early- and the collaboration has already identified in space the specific tools needed with stage researcher in EDUSAFE. EPFL’s Alberto possible synergies with the medical field. “We extreme accuracy, giving the surgeons a new Crivellaro, another researcher involved in the are looking into developing novel solutions field of vision.” WHEN IDEAS GROW UP project, adds: “We also need to locate the eyes to be employed by surgeons,” explains with respect to the 3D world, and find a way to Beltramello. “Indeed, when combined with The EDUSAFE project is scheduled to coherently overlay all this information.” medical imagery, AR can be a useful tool to complete its mandate this August when the been improved, since elderly people are often guide the surgeon during the operation. The first prototype of the smart system will be Challenge: to use basic-research technologies to enhance mobility. A group of Finnish students embarrassed to wear awkward and visible The technological applications of this surgeon will be able to give a voice command ready for release. accepted this challenge in 2014 and now they have come back to CERN’s IdeaSquare to develop protective devices. The original skirt has now innovative AR equipment are countless and the AR system will recognise and position Stefania Pandolfi their idea: a smart hip protector to protect elderly people in the event of a fall. been transformed into mid-layer shorts that can also be worn by men; the wearability has been improved by reducing the size of all developed for basic research in new solutions the components; and the comfort has been to facilitate mobility,” explains Enna Rane, a increased thanks to the fabrics selected. “We member of the team. “Together with students hope that these improvements will encourage from the Istituto Europeo di Design in Barcelona elderly people to wear our smart shorts, which and the Polytechnic University of Catalonia, are designed to protect them while remaining we decided to focus on the prevention of invisible under their clothes,” says Jaakko hip fractures in elderly women.” Indeed, 80% Laukkanen, another member of the team, in of hip fractures occur in ageing women, charge of the development of the marketing since they are at a high risk of suffering strategy. from osteoporosis. At the final CBI gala, the The team of Finnish students plans to The smart hip protector protects elderly people if they fall. students presented a prototype for a hip- (Image: George Atanassov/Aalto University) protecting skirt called Inde, which, despite continue developing the smart hip protector. Panoramic view of the ATLAS cavern: the radioactive spots are highlighted on the smart glasses worn by the operator via AR. being in its first stage of development, was They have renamed it Smarthip and, over the The intelligent hip protector features already working perfectly. course of this year, they plan to create their two airbags and three different sensors own start-up, to seek investment and to start – an accelerometer, a gyroscope and a Given the initial promising results, some clinical trials. magnetometer. When the three sensors members of the team decided to go ahead The EDUSAFE collaboration simultaneously show that the person is falling, with the project and, since then, two main

a CO2 cartridge releases gas into the airbags aspects have been improved. First, the EDUSAFE (Education in Advanced VR/ • Prisma Electronics ABEE (Greece) • Aristotle University of Thessaloniki and quickly inflates them, thus softening the algorithm that controls the inflation has been Find out more about the Smarthip team and AR Safety Systems for Maintenance in • École Polytechnique Fédérale De (Greece) impact with the ground. refined in sensitivity in order to distinguish their project on: http://cern.ch/go/m6Sg. Extreme Environments) is an international Lausanne (Switzerland) • National Technical University of Athens better actual falls from other everyday collaboration lead by CERN, which hosts the • Institute of Accelerating Systems and (Greece) “This idea came about during the Challenge- activities, such as sitting, that might mimic Stefania Pandolfi project headquarters at IdeaSquare. Applications (Greece) Based Innovation course in 2014, in which dangerous situations and therefore trigger an • E. Kasderidis & SIA E.E. (Greece) It provides training for ten early-stage participants were asked to use technologies unwanted airbag inflation. The design has also The collaboration includes the following • Technische Universität München researchers and two experienced researchers, European institutions and companies: (Germany) with very diverse backgrounds and originally • Athens University of Economics and coming from all around the world. Find out • CERN Business - Research Center (Greece) more on the EDUSAFE website (http://cern. • Canberra (France) • CAEN University (France) ch/go/klC8). • Università Degli Studi Di Roma Tor • Democritus University of Thrace (Greece) Vergata (Italy) LOVE SCIENCE? TELL US ABOUT IT AND WIN!

FameLab is the exciting competition for young researchers that is conquering the world of new star of science communication, go to AWAKE’S PLASMA CELL ARRIVES science communication. Last year, the CERN winner, Lillian Smestad, finished in second place the website, read the rules, record a video of your talk (maximum three minutes long!) and at the international festival. Will you do better? send its URL to the organisers before 1 April AT ITS DESTINATION 2016. The best entrants will be selected to The contestants are judged on the content, participate in Masterclasses – an important clarity and charisma of their talks. The result training opportunity with coaches from the is an amazing collection of speeches that are BBC and entirely funded by CERN – and will By harnessing the power of wakefields generated by a proton beam in a plasma cell, the AWAKE next step will be the installation of the laser, inspiring, educational and accurate, despite go on to compete for the title of “CERN winner” project aims to produce accelerator gradients hundreds of times higher than those achieved the vacuum equipment and the diagnostic their brevity. at the local final on 12 May. system for both laser and proton beams. in current machines. Far from being just a dream, the AWAKE tunnel is progressively being Beam commissioning is scheduled to start filled with its vital components. This week, the plasma cell has been moved to its final position. CERN has been a partner of FameLab in The competition is open to young researchers this summer. Switzerland since 2012 and in France since (up to 35 years of age) with a valid CERN FameLab is not just another talent show for 2014. The 2015 FameLab International Final computing account. The winner will go on to The proof-of-principle AWAKE experiment plasma wakefield can be driven with protons Antonella Del Rosso scientists: its magic formula truly helps real in Cheltenham, UK, was a triumph for CERN participate in the international final that will is being installed in the tunnel previously and that its acceleration will be extremely scientists show off their communication as Lillian Smestad, a member of the AEgIS be held during the 2016 Cheltenham Science used by the CNGS facility. In AWAKE, a beam powerful, hundreds of times more powerful skills. Successful candidates will have to collaboration from the Norwegian Research Festival. of protons from the SPS will be travelling than that achieved today. impress the judges by giving an original Council, finished in second place! The through a plasma cell and will generate a and entertaining three-minute talk. In the competition was tough, with 27 countries Enter now! Read the rules and visit the website wakefield that, in turn, will accelerate an On Thursday, 11 February, the plasma cell – a words of one of the participants in the participating in the international semi-finals for more detailed information (http://cern.ch/ electron beam. A laser will ionise the gas in 10-metre-long component developed by the Swiss competition: “I enjoyed the fact that it and only nine making it through to the finals. go/JZ6R). the plasma cell and seed the self-modulation Institute for Physics in Munich – wasn’t only a competition, there were also It was also the first year that CERN took part instability that will trigger the wakefield in the was lowered into the tunnel and moved to AWAKE’s 10-metre-long plasma cell in the experiment plenty of opportunities to network with as a “country”. Antonella Del Rosso plasma. The project aims to prove that the its position at the end of the proton line. The tunnel. other young researchers and to get valuable feedback on our public speaking and science This year, CERN is again running its own communication skills.” FameLab event: if you want to become the

4 CERN Bulletin Issue No. 07-08/2016 5 Computer Security Official news

Candidates must be aged between 18 and 24 For further information, please contact: I KNOW WHERE YOU HAVE BEEN… SINCE FOREVER! SUMMER WORK FOR CHILDREN OF inclusive on the first day of the contract, and [email protected] - Tel.: 72855 MEMBERS OF THE PERSONNEL must have insurance coverage for both illness ([email protected] - Tel.: 74151) OK, the “forever” has to be taken with a pinch of salt. But generally speaking, if you were to and accident. The duration of all contracts will be four weeks and the subsistence allowance HR Department pass near my office carrying your smartphone, I would be able to find out. It’s all thanks to the During the period from 13 June to 9 will be CHF 1500.- for this period. wireless communication capabilities of your phone… September 2016 inclusive, there will be a limited number of opportunities for summer Candidates should apply via the HR department’s electronic recruitment system: So how is it done? Every wireless network has from its internal list: “CERN”, “StefanWLAN”, *Of course, the deployment of such a rogue work at CERN (normally unskilled work of https://jobs.web.cern.ch/job/11758. a name (SSID: Service Set Identifier). At CERN, “GVAairport”, “Swisscom”, “SBB-FREE”, wireless access point at CERN would violate the routine nature), which will be made available for example, you can find “eduroam”, “CERN” “HyattAtlantaGuest”, “AmsterdamRoaming”, CERN Computing Rules CERN Computing Rules to children of members of the personnel Completed application forms must be returned by 4 April 2016 at the latest. The or “CERNn” (any other SSIDs are rogue and “ITUwifi”… And, obviously, very often, the SSID (http://cern.ch/go/c8hc). (i.e. anyone holding an employment or should not be used). Whenever you connect name provides sufficient information about results of the selection will be available by the to a wireless network, your phone keeps a where you or I have been. Voilà. association contract with the Organization). end of May 2016. record of the SSID it has connected to for future use. If your phone detects a wireless So, how should you protect yourself? First, For further information, questions or help, network, it tries every SSID it has in its list until disable the option to join wireless networks check: https://security.web.cern.ch a wireless access point answers positively, automatically. If you do this this, you will see or contact us at Learning in order to establish a connection. And the the SSIDs you can connect to and confirm as [email protected]. longer you have your smartphone, the more required. Alternatively, you can disable your SSIDs it has connected to around the world smartphone’s wireless capabilities completely Do you want to learn more about computer and the more it “knows” about where it has and just enable them in places you know and security incidents and issues at CERN? Follow RF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY in different universities in Italy, both at Pre-requirements: The course requires some been. This is the information I can tap into. trust. Resetting the network settings would our Monthly Report: undergraduate and graduate level. He has prior knowledge of accelerators and beam be an even harsher step, but you would need https://security.web.cern.ch/security/ AND ACCELERATOR CAVITY a track record of research experience in physics (e.g. optics) as the theory is not A specialised rogue wireless access point, like to reconfigure those networks you regularly reports/en/ APPLICATIONS the field of the physics and applications of detailed. the HAK5 “PineApple”, can pretend to be any use… Finally, you could delete the SSID from superconductors and oxide electronics. The series will be composed of 4 half-day wireless network*. It just sends out a wireless your iCloud or Google account and reinstall We are happy to announce a new training beacon that your smartphone picks up and the phone’s operating system to get rid of it There are still some places available, but due lectures, given in English with questions and Stefan Lueders, Computer Security Team course organised by the TE-VSC group in answers. The rogue wireless access point then once and for all. But you would have to be to the limited number of places it is first come answers also possible in French. Participation records any SSID request your phone tries out really paranoid to do that, don’t you think? the field of the physics and applications first served. We would be grateful if you could in all lectures is encouraged to allow people to of superconductors. The course provides please circulate this information to interested gain maximum benefit from the course. an overview and update of the theory of groups/participants in your department. We would like to thank Paolo Chiaggiato for If you are interested in MAD-X 2016, please radiofrequency and superconductors: having made this training available to other discuss with your supervisor. Registration is groups/departments. required, participants must sign up via the RF Superconductivity and links to the training catalogue given above, Accelerator Cavity Applications Technical Training and limited number of places are available! https://cern.ch/course/?164VAC19 Attendance will be recorded in personal training records. One timetable only: Tuesday, 8 March 2016: from 2 p.m. to 4 p.m. MAD-X TRAINING COURSE – 2016 Organisers: Wednesday, 9 March 2016: from 9.30 a.m to Laurent Deniau/BE-ABP 11.30 a.m. MAD-X 2016 is a annual course series at CERN, Technical Training/HR-LD Thursday, 10 March 2016: from 9.30 a.m to 11.30 a.m. within the framework of the 2016 Technical Monday, 14 March 2016: from 9.30 a.m to Training Programme on the MAD-X tool used 11.30 a.m. around the world for designing, studying Tuesday, 15 March 2016: from 9.30 a.m to and simulating beam physics for particle 11.30 a.m. accelerators. The lecturer is Laurent Deniau Wednesday, 16 March 2016: from 9.30 a.m to 11.30 a.m. from BE-APB, who has led the MAD team Thursday, 17 March 2016: from 9.30 a.m to since 2011 11.30 a.m. Two courses are available: Target audience: Experts in radiofrequency or solid state physics (PhD level). 1. Methodical Accelerator Design MAD-X: (http://cern.ch/go/6ptj) Beginners Pre-requisites: Basic knowledge of quantum Session: 1-2 March (half day: mornings) physics and superconductivity. 2. Methodical Accelerator Design MAD-X: Duration: 14 hours (http://cern.ch/go/nCS7) Intermediate Session: 10-11 March (half day: mornings) Price: 0 CHF Target audience: Designed for those needing The trainer Professor Ruggero Vaglio to become familiar with and acquire some (University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, practical experience of particle accelerator Italy), has 25 years of teaching experience design with MAD-X.

6 CERN Bulletin Issue No. 07-08/2016 7 LHC detectors and have paved the way for The temporary post office will be set up in the Opening times of the temporary post the technology in numerous other modern new Building 774, notable for its sustainable- office, exhibition and guided tours: Take note detectors. In the 1990s, Charpak was involved development-inspired architecture that in developing medical applications based on complies with the latest thermal insulation • Friday, 26 February, 2 p.m. to 5 p.m. particle detection technology. He was also standards. As well as being able to buy stamps • Saturday, 27 February, 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. passionate about education and launched and related products, visitors will be given Mobility Centre – from 29 February the La main à la pâte initiative in 1996, aiming another opportunity to see the exhibition A Free admission to the exhibition, films and RECLAIMING UNUSED IPV4 UPCOMING OPENING OF CERN’S Open Monday to Friday from 8 a.m. to 12 noon to develop the teaching of science through philatelic history, which outlines the history of guided tours of the CERN Control Centre. ADDRESSES NEW MOBILITY CENTRE and from 1 p.m. to 5 p.m. investigation. The initiative has profoundly the relationship between CERN and its post Tel.: 72228 altered the way that science is taught in office partners. They will also be able to watch As many people might know, the number of On 29 February, CERN’s brand new Mobility schools in France and has spawned similar clips of interviews with Georges Charpak, take Garage, Building 130 – from 29 February IPv4 addresses is limited and almost all have Centre will open in the Globe car park. The schemes all over the world. a guided tour of the CERN Control Centre or Open Monday to Friday from 8 a.m. to 12 noon Centre has been created to cater to the stop for refreshments in the cafeteria. been allocated. and from 1 p.m. to 5 p.m. transport needs of everyone at CERN, to Tel.: 72042. Although CERN has been allocated some simplify procedures and to centralise all the 340,000 addresses, the way these are allocated transport services on offer: the rental of CERN across the site is not as efficient as we would bikes and cars, the CERN car-sharing scheme like. As we face an increasing demand for IPv4 For more information on CERN’s transport addresses with the growth in virtual machines, and SIXT car rental. services following the changes on 29 February, the IT Department’s Communication Systems see: http://cern.ch/go/klC8. The website Group will be reorganising address allocation outlining the transport options available at during 2016 to make more efficient use of the CERN will be updated on 29 February. IPv4 address ranges that have been allocated to CERN. We aim, wherever possible, to avoid giving out fixed IP addresses, and have all devices connected to the campus network CERN’S PRÉVESSIN SITE POST OFFICE obtain an address dynamically each time they connect. The post office at CERN’s Prévessin site (Building 866) is open Monday to Thursday As a first stage, starting in February, IP from 9.30 a.m. to 12.30 p.m. for the following addresses that have not been used for services: more than 9 months will be reclaimed. No information about the devices concerned • Sending parcels will be deleted from LANDB, but a new IP From 29 February onwards, the Mobility • Purchasing stamps address will have to be requested if they are Centre in the Globe car park will be the place • Sending money: postal money order/ ever reconnected to the network. Among to go for all your duty travel needs: express international money order other things, reclaiming these unused IP addresses will enable us to remove unused • rental of CERN cars (with or without the Telephone contacts: cable connections in the network starpoints, CERN logo), Internal: 77071 thus making space for the new cabling and • SIXT car rental, From Switzerland: +41 22 767 7071 switches we need to introduce campus-wide • CERN bike rental, From France: 04 50 40 75 54 Wi-Fi services. • distribution of cards allowing the use of CERN’s self-service bike- and car-sharing The second stage to reclaim IPv4 addresses schemes. will take place in the middle of the year when EVENT FOR THE LAUNCH OF THE we move to a single range of dynamically That same day, the premises currently housing GEORGES CHARPAK POSTAGE STAMP allocated addresses for systems connected the Car Pool in Building 130 will become the to the campus network. By replacing the two CERN garage, responsible for: | 26-27 FEBRUARY | PRÉVESSIN SITE separate ranges allocated today (one for fixed addresses and one for portable devices), we • upkeep and repairs on CERN bikes, At the end of February, the French post office can significantly reduce the total number of • minor maintenance work on CERN is releasing a new €0.70 stamp featuring an addresses that have to be reserved for campus vehicles (e.g. replacing windscreen image of Georges Charpak. CERN is taking devices, thus freeing up addresses that can be wipers, bulbs and fuses, refilling part in this event by hosting a temporary post used for servers in the Computer Centre. More windscreen washer fluid, pumping up news about this second stage will be provided tyres, etc.), office on the Prévessin site, which will sell the nearer the time, including information about • arranging and following up the repair stamp with a special “first day” postmark how people can request a fixed IP address if and maintenance of CERN vehicles before it goes on general sale. necessary. outsourced to external garages. Georges Charpak arrived at CERN in 1959 If you have any questions about these IMPORTANT: please note that the car and, in the late 1960s, revolutionised particle changes please contact the Service Desk who and bike rental service located in Building detection technology by developing the will follow up as necessary. Please note that 124 specifically aimed at users in the PH multiwire proportional chamber. This systems connected to the Technical Network department will permanently close at 12 technique brought particle detectors into are not concerned by either of these changes. noon on 26 February. All personnel from all the electronic era, setting free from departments are henceforth invited to go to the laborious task of studying photographs IT Department the Mobility Centre for rental requests of any one by one. In 1992, he was awarded the kind and to the garage in Building 130 for any for his invention. repairs. Charpak chambers are still used today in the

8 CERN Bulletin Issue No. 07-08/2016 9 Seminars Supplemental

For the first time scientists have measured the For close to three years, CERN has coordinated WEDNESDAY, 17 FEBRUARY 2016 WEDNESDAY, 24 FEBRUAry 2016 MONDAY, 29 FEBRUAry 2016 NEWS radius of a calcium nucleus with 32 neutrons – the production of magnets and power indicating that nuclear physics theories don’t supplies for the pioneering SESAME research 16:00 Miscellaneous York ATLAS meeting 14:30 ISOLDE Seminar TBA: Laser 08:30 Safety Radiation Protection - Experts describe atomic nuclei as well as previously facility under construction in Allan, Jordan. A spectroscopy of neutron rich Ca 6959/R-001 FROM THE CERN WEB: thought. third-generation light source, SESAME is the sunday, 21 february 2016 16:00 Miscellaneous York ATLAS meeting 09:00 inverted CSC inverted CERN School first facility of its kind in the region, and the of Computing 2016 IT Amphitheatre GRAVITATIONAL WAVES, MAGIC The study, conducted by CERN scientists at first intergovernmental research organisation 13:00 Workshop Besøk fra Amalie Skram NUMBERS, INNOVATION AND the ISOLDE facility and published in the latest to be established in the Middle East. Bringing 08:00 Schladming Winter School of FRIDAY, 26 FEBRUAry 2016 VGS, Bergen Salle Curie issue of the journal Nature Physics, aimed to together Bahrain, Cyprus, Egypt, Iran, Israel, Theoretical Physics 54th Schladming MORE understand whether calcium has more than Jordan, Pakistan, the Palestinian Authority Winter School of Theoretical Physics 11:00 Detector Seminar Experience with two magic numbers. and Turkey, SESAME will address research the Hybrid OPERA Neutrino Detector TUESDAY, 01 MARCH 2016 This section highlights articles, blog posts topics ranging from biological science to Salle Anderson and press releases published in the CERN web Continue to read on: cultural heritage after its first beam lines are MONDAY, 22 february 2016 08:30 Monthly induction HR INDUCTION environment over the past weeks. This way, http://cern.ch/go/sT67 commissioned later this year. PROGRAMME - 1st Part Filtration 08:00 European School in Plant you won’t miss a thing... Instrumentation for Particle Continue to read on: and Astroparticle Physics The hills are alive, with the sound of http://cern.ch/go/Hnc8 (ESIPAP) ESIPAP 2016 - Module 2 - gravitational waves Innovation for Change project starts at Detector technologies and 2 February – ATLAS Collaboration CERN applications 2 February CERN-recognised experiment to expand scientific capacity 1 February

Scientists from the CERN-recognised KM3NeT collaboration have publicly announced KM3NeT 2.0. KM3NeT 2.0, which is located at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea. It will continue the work done by the experiment to study neutrino astronomy, but will also expand its scientific reach to study neutrino Students and researchers get to work at CERN’s IdeaSquare oscillations. facility as the Innovation for Change project begins. (Image: Simulation of two massive black holes merging, based on Joona Kurikka/CERN) data collected from the LIGO collaboration on 14 September Continue to read on: 2015. (Image: LIGO Collaboration © 2016 SXS) http://cern.ch/go/W9lP The Innovation for Change project started It’s 16:00 CET at CERN and I’m sitting in the on 1 February at CERN. The project involves CERN Main Auditorium. The room is buzzing 50 students and researchers, with scientific with excitement, not unlike the day in 2012 and engineering backgrounds, who will be While ALICE is sleeping when the Higgs discovery was announced in working for the next five months in Geneva 1 February – ALICE Collaboration this very room. But today the announcement and Turin. Split into several groups, but with is not from CERN, but the LIGO experiment a common goal: to apply the most advanced What is happening at ALICE during the which is spread across two continents. Many technology to societal challenges, such as shutdown? In order for the LHC and all the expect the announcement to be about a how to achieve a better use of water resources experiments to work properly throughout the discovery of gravitational waves, as predicted in towns and farming, how to reduce the year, certain changes need to be made. The by Einstein in 1916, but which have remained greenhouse gas emissions or how to increase right time for that is the year-end technical elusive until today… power generation’s efficiency. stop, or YETS. It usually begins in the last working week in December, right after the Continue to read on: Continue to read on: heavy-ion run, and lasts for about 10 weeks. http://cern.ch/go/l7Xf http://cern.ch/go/nWh9 Continue to read on: http://cern.ch/go/k9zB

Has the magic gone from Calcium-52? Last main ring components leave CERN for 9 February – by Harriet Jarlett and James Gillies SESAME 1 February – by James Gillies International Particle Physics Outreach Group (IPPOG) Newsletter February 2016

Learn about IPPOG highlights in this second number of newsletter!: http://cern.ch/go/ s6zs

The laser launch stations at COLLAPS at the ISOLDE facility, The final CESSAMag components left CERN for Jordan. The where the new discovery was made. (Image: Samuel Morier- picture shows a SESAME dipole, supplied as part of the pro- Genoud/CERN) ject, being moved to a test bench in February last year.

10 CERN Bulletin Issue No. 07-08/2016 11 take note WHERE STUDENTS TURN INTO About the iCSC LEARNING TEACHERS: THE 9TH INVERTED The Inverted Schools of Computing (iCSC) are CERN SCHOOL OF COMPUTING part of an annual series of schools organised REGISTRATION OF VEHICLES AT by the CERN School of Computing (CSC). SAFETY TRAINING: PLACES The iCSC consists of lectures presented THE GEX SOUS-PRÉFECTURE: NOW Now in its ninth year, CERN’s “Inverted over several days by former CSC students, AVAILABLE IN FEBRUARY 2016 BY APPOINTMENT ONLY School of Computing – iCSC2016” will take providing advanced training in specialist There are places available in the place at CERN on 29 February – 2 March topics. 2016 in the IT Auditorium (Room 31/3-004). forthcoming Safety courses. For updates The Gex sous-préfecture has informed CERN and registrations, please refer to the Safety The iCSC lectures are specially chosen to that it has taken the following steps in order Training Catalogue on: http://cern.ch/go/ Attendance is free and open to everyone, create a unique educational programme. kP8t. to reduce waiting times at its counters for and will be webcast for those who cannot They are written and delivered by selected the issue of carte grise vehicle registration attend in person. The programme consists students from the previous year’s CSC, who certificates. As of 1 February 2016, you must mainly of individual lectures on single topics, demonstrated a very high level of expertise book an appointment via the website http:// while some lectures are complementary to in a given area during their participation at the each other and can be followed as a series. www.rdv.ain.gouv.fr/ for all services relating annual Main School. So why not find a way to promote and share this knowledge, and turn to the registration of vehicles, in particular Registration is not compulsory, but will allow the students into teachers? the: you to obtain a hard copy of the booklet, which includes the lecture slides and notes The CERN Schools of Computing • change of the holder of a registration (while stocks last). certificate, The two other Schools that make up the • issue of a certificat de situation Programme & registration: https://indico. annual CSC series are: administrative (administrative status cern.ch/e/iCSC2016 certificate required for the sale of a • The Thematic School (tCSC2016) in May vehicle), iCSC2016 in Split, Croatia • change of marital status (or company • The Main School (CSC2016) in August in name in the case of legal entities), This year’s programme, selected from a range Mol, Belgium • change of address, of CSC2015 student proposals, focuses on • change in the technical specification of challenging and innovative topics, including: For further information on the CERN School of the vehicle, Computing, see: http://cern.ch/csc or email: • corrections to registration certificates, • Template Metaprogramming for Parallel [email protected]. • equests for duplicates (loss or theft of Computing registration certificates), • Detector Simulation for the LHC and Alberto Pace, D­irector of the CERN School of • registration of a diplomatic vehicle beyond Computing (CERN), • Event reconstruction in Modern Particle • registration of a new vehicle, Physics • registration of vehicles purchased tax- • Continuous Delivery and Quality free in the Pays de Gex free zone (formerly Monitoring TTW series), and • Multivariate Classification • import of vehicles (from within the EU, • Formal Verification from Switzerland, from outside the EU). • Shared memory and message passing • Virtualisation Technologies Further information about these services • Continuous Integration can be obtained by sending an e-mail to • Accelerating C++ applications in Medical [email protected] or by Physics calling +33 4 50 41 51 51 on Mondays and Tuesdays between 2 p.m. and 4 p.m. and on This year’s lecturers are: Wednesdays between 9 a.m. and 12 noon. Please note that appointments cannot be • Kim Albertsson, University of Technology, booked by telephone. Lulea • Anastasios Andronidis, Imperial College London • Valentina Cairo, University of Calabria, Arcavacata • Thomas Keck, KIT Karlsruhe • Kamil Krol, CERN, Geneva • Pedro Mendes Correia, University Of Aveiro • Aram Santogidis, CERN, Geneva • Daniel Saunders, University of Bristol • Joshua Smith, Georg-August Universität Göttingen • Jiří Vyskocil, Czech Technical University

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