INTERPOL Global DNA Profiling Survey Results 2019

Global DNA Profiling Survey Results 2019

Classification: Unclassified

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Summary of results...... 5 INTERPOL member countries that reported using DNA profiling in police investigations ...... 7 INTERPOL member countries that reported having a DNA database ...... 8 INTERPOL member countries that reported having a specialized missing persons DNA database ...... 9 Survey results: Africa ...... 10 Survey results: Americas ...... 12 Survey results: Asia ...... 14 Survey results: Europe ...... 16 INTERPOL’s 194 member countries ...... 19

INTERPOL Global DNA Profiling Survey 2019

Summary of results

Every two years, INTERPOL conducts a Global DNA Profiling Survey to monitor the use of DNA profiling and DNA databases in its member countries.

In 2019, INTERPOL’s 194 National Central Bureaus (NCBs) were asked to provide their national DNA statistics as of the end of 2018. The full list of countries whose NCBs responded, is detailed on page 19.

. 110 (57 %) NCBs, representing their member countries, responded to the 2019 Survey. These results were combined with the results of the INTERPOL Global DNA Profiling Survey 2016 to give a total of 130 responses, of which:

 89 reported using DNA profiling in police investigations,  70 reported having a DNA database (a searchable repository),  31 reported having a specialized missing persons DNA database (a searchable repository),  83 reported using Y-STR analysis,  34 reported using mitochondrial DNA analysis.

NB: This report only contains the information which has been authorized by the member countries’ NCBs to be published. Consequently, this redacted report may not reflect the current situation.

89 INTERPOL member countries that reported using DNA profiling in police investigations (combined results of 2016 and 2019 surveys)

REGION MEMBER COUNTRY REGION MEMBER COUNTRY ALGERIA ALBANIA BOTSWANA ANDORRA BURKINA FASO ARMENIA EGYPT* AUSTRIA GHANA* AZERBAIJAN AFRICA MOROCCO BELARUS NAMIBIA BELGIUM SEYCHELLES* BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA SOUTH AFRICA BULGARIA SUDAN CROATIA TUNISIA* CYPRUS TOTAL 11 CZECH REPUBLIC DENMARK REGION MEMBER COUNTRY ESTONIA BAHAMAS FINLAND BERMUDA (UK)▲ FRANCE BOLIVIA GEORGIA* BRAZIL GERMANY CANADA GREECE CHILE HUNGARY COSTA RICA AMERICAS ICELAND GUATEMALA IRELAND HONDURAS* ISRAEL EUROPE NICARAGUA ITALY PANAMA* LATVIA SAINT LUCIA* LITHUANIA SINT MAARTEN LUXEMBOURG UNITED STATES MALTA* TOTAL 13 MONACO* MONTENEGRO REGION MEMBER COUNTRY NETHERLANDS* AUSTRALIA NORTH MACEDONIA* BAHRAIN NORWAY BRUNEI* POLAND INDIA* PORTUGAL IRAQ ROMANIA JAPAN RUSSIA JORDAN SAN MARINO KAZAKHSTAN SERBIA KOREA (REPUBLIC OF) SLOVAKIA ASIA KUWAIT SLOVENIA LEBANON SPAIN MALAYSIA SWEDEN NEW ZEALAND SWITZERLAND QATAR TURKEY SAUDI ARABIA* UNITED KINGDOM SINGAPORE TOTAL 46 TIMOR LESTE TURKMENISTAN* VIETNAM TOTAL 19

▲ = Member country’s sub-bureau (a special administrative region with a delegated regional authority of a particular INTERPOL member country) * = Based on the response to the INTERPOL Global DNA Profiling Survey 2016 (no response in 2019)

70 INTERPOL member countries that reported having a DNA database (combined results of 2016 and 2019 surveys)

REGION MEMBER COUNTRY REGION MEMBER COUNTRY ALGERIA ALBANIA BOTSWANA AUSTRIA EGYPT* AZERBAIJAN AFRICA MOROCCO BELARUS SOUTH AFRICA BELGIUM SUDAN BULGARIA TUNISIA* CROATIA CYPRUS TOTAL 7 CZECH REPUBLIC

DENMARK REGION MEMBER COUNTRY ESTONIA BAHAMAS FINLAND BERMUDA (UK)▲ FRANCE BOLIVIA GEORGIA* BRAZIL GERMANY CANADA GREECE AMERICAS CHILE HUNGARY GUATEMALA ICELAND HONDURAS* IRELAND PANAMA* ISRAEL EUROPE SAINT LUCIA* ITALY UNITED STATES LATVIA TOTAL 10 LITHUANIA LUXEMBOURG REGION MEMBER COUNTRY MALTA* AUSTRALIA MONTENEGRO IRAQ NETHERLANDS* JAPAN NORTH MACEDONIA* JORDAN NORWAY KAZAKHSTAN POLAND KOREA (REPUBLIC OF) PORTUGAL ASIA LEBANON ROMANIA MALAYSIA RUSSIA NEW ZEALAND SERBIA QATAR SLOVAKIA SAUDI ARABIA* SLOVENIA SINGAPORE SPAIN VIETNAM SWEDEN TOTAL 13 SWITZERLAND UNITED KINGDOM TOTAL 40

31 INTERPOL member countries that reported having a specialized missing persons DNA database (included in the survey questionnaire for the first time in 2019)

REGION MEMBER COUNTRY REGION MEMBER COUNTRY AFRICA SOUTH AFRICA AUSTRIA TOTAL 1 AZERBAIJAN BELARUS BELGIUM REGION MEMBER COUNTRY CYPRUS FRANCE BRAZIL GERMANY CANADA GREECE AMERICAS CHILE IRELAND GUATEMALA ISRAEL UNITED STATES EUROPE ITALY TOTAL 5 MONTENEGRO NORWAY POLAND REGION MEMBER COUNTRY PORTUGAL IRAQ ROMANIA JAPAN SLOVAKIA ASIA KAZAKHSTAN SLOVENIA LEBANON SPAIN TOTAL 4 SWITZERLAND UNITED KINGDOM TOTAL 21

9 INTERPOL Global DNA Profiling Survey 2019 Africa (2 pages)

Profiling Categories Missing INTERPOL DNA DNA Persons DNA Relatives of Member Country Profiling Database Crime Missing Unidentified Database Reference Missing Other Total Stains Persons Human Remains Persons Algeria Yes Yes X X X X X X X X Angola ------Benin X X X X X X X X X X Botswana Yes Yes ------Burkina Faso Yes Planned Planned Yes Yes - - - - - Burundi ------Cameroon ------Cape Verde ------Central African Republic ------Chad X X X ------Comoros ------Congo ------Côte d'Ivoire X X X ------Dem. Rep. of Congo ------Djibouti ------

10 Egypt* Yes Yes ------4,162 4,162

Equatorial Guinea ------Eritrea ------Eswatini X X X X X X X X X X Ethiopia X X X X X X X X X X Gabon* No No ------Gambia ------Ghana* Yes No - 202 338 3 1 1 648 1,193 Guinea ------Guinea Bissau ------Kenya X X X X X X X X X X Lesotho ------Liberia ------Libya X X X X X X X X X X Madagascar ------Malawi ------Mali X X X X X X X X X X Mauritania X X X X X X X X X X Mauritius ------

INTERPOL Global DNA Profiling Survey 2019 Africa (2 pages)

Profiling Categories Missing INTERPOL DNA DNA Persons DNA Relatives of Member Country Profiling Database Crime Missing Unidentified Database Reference Missing Other Total Stains Persons Human Remains Persons Morocco Yes Yes No X X X X X X X Mozambique ------Namibia Yes No No X X - - - X X Niger ------Nigeria ------Rwanda X X X X X X X X X X Sao Tome & Principe ------Senegal ------Seychelles* Yes Planned ------Sierra Leone No No ------Somalia ------South Africa Yes Yes Yes 614,284 451,016 120,471 - - 54,397 1,240,168 South Sudan ------Sudan Yes Yes - X X X X X X X Tanzania ------

11 Togo X X X X X X X X X X

Tunisia* Yes Yes - 9,745 6,261 235 720 109 - 17,070 Uganda ------Zambia ------Zimbabwe X X X X X X X X X X Total number of profiles for the region 1,262,593

Key: ▲ = Member country’s sub-bureau (a special administrative region with a delegated regional authority of a particular INTERPOL member country) * = Based on the response to the INTERPOL Global DNA Profiling Survey 2016 (no response in 2019) - = No information provided in 2016 or 2019 X = Information redacted as no authorisation provided

INTERPOL Global DNA Profiling Survey 2019 Americas (2 pages)

Profiling Categories Missing INTERPOL DNA DNA Persons DNA Relatives of Member Country Profiling Database Missing Unidentified Database Reference Crime Stain Missing Other Total Persons Human Remains Persons Anguilla (UK)▲ ------Antigua & Barbuda ------Argentina ------Aruba ------Bahamas Yes Yes No X X X X X X X Barbados ------Belize ------Bermuda (UK)▲ Yes Yes No 6,565 55 - - - - 6,620 Bolivia Yes Yes No X X X X X X X Brazil Yes Yes Yes 7,050 7,872 14 1,500 1,628 - 18,064 British Virgin Islands (UK)▲ ------Canada Yes Yes Yes 379,732 155,346 8 56 79 15 535,236 Cayman Islands (UK)▲ ------Chile Yes Yes Yes 76,280 2,329 0 79 45 - 78,733

12 Colombia X X X X X X X X X X Costa Rica Yes X X X X X X X X X Cuba ------Curacao ------Dominica ------Dominican Republic ------Ecuador X X X X X X X X X X El Salvador* X X X X X X X X X X Grenada ------Guatemala Yes Yes Yes X X X X X X X Guyana ------Haiti X X X X X X X X X X Honduras* Yes Yes ------Jamaica ------Mexico X X X X X X X X X X Montserrat (UK)▲ ------Nicaragua Yes X X Yes Yes - - Yes - - Panama* Yes Yes - 5,929 226 12 74 216 2,640 9,097 Paraguay Planned Planned No X X X X X X X

INTERPOL Global DNA Profiling Survey 2019 Americas (2 pages)

Profiling Categories Missing INTERPOL DNA DNA Persons DNA Relatives of Member Country Profiling Database Missing Unidentified Database Reference Crime Stain Missing Other Total Persons Human Remains Persons Peru ------Puerto Rico (USA)▲ ------Saint Kitts & Nevis ------Saint Lucia* Yes Yes - - 1,000 - - - 200 1,200 Saint Vincent & Grenadines* No No ------Sint Maarten Yes No - Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes - Suriname ------Trinidad & Tobago ------Turks & Caicos Islands▲ ------United States Yes Yes Yes X X X X X X X Uruguay X X X X X X X X X X Venezuela ------Total number of profiles for the region 648,950

13 ▲

Key: = Member country’s sub-bureau (a special administrative region with a delegated regional authority of a particular INTERPOL member country) * = Based on the response to the INTERPOL Global DNA Profiling Survey 2016 (no response in 2019) - = No information provided in 2016 or 2019 X = Information redacted as no authorisation provided

INTERPOL Global DNA Profiling Survey 2019 Asia (2 pages)

Profiling Categories Missing INTERPOL Relatives of Unidentified DNA Profiling DNA Database Persons DNA Crime Missing Member Country Reference Missing Human Other Total Database Stain Persons Persons Remains Afghanistan X X X X X X X X X X Australia Yes Yes Planned X X X X X X X Bahrain Yes X X 50,698 18,911 - - Yes - 69,609 Bangladesh ------Bhutan ------Brunei* Yes No - 193 985 - - - 49 1,227 Cambodia X X X X X X X X X X China X X X X X X X X X X Hong Kong (China)▲ ------Macao (China)▲ X X X X X X X X X X Fiji X X X X X X X X X X India* Yes No ------Indonesia X X X X X X X X X X Iran ------Iraq Yes Yes Yes X X X X X X X 14 Japan Yes Yes Yes 1,165,666 36,024 1,221 5,142 5,875 - 1,213,928

Jordan Yes Yes X Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes - - Kazakhstan Yes Yes Yes X X X X X X X Kiribati ------Korea (Republic of) Yes Yes X 62,589 117,259 - - - - 179,848 Kuwait Yes X X X X X X X X X Kyrgyzstan X X X X X X X X X X Laos* No No ------Lebanon Yes Yes Yes 15,000 8,000 - - - - 23,000 Malaysia Yes Yes Planned Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes - X Maldives ------Marshall Islands ------Mongolia ------Myanmar X X X X X X X X X X Nauru ------Nepal X X X X X X X X X X New Zealand Yes Yes - 194,269 43,000 - - - - 237,269 Oman ------Pakistan ------

INTERPOL Global DNA Profiling Survey 2019 Asia (2 pages)

Profiling Categories Missing INTERPOL Relatives of Unidentified DNA Profiling DNA Database Persons DNA Crime Missing Member Country Reference Missing Human Other Total Database Stain Persons Persons Remains Palestine X X X X X X X X X X Papua New Guinea ------Philippines X X X X X X X X X X Qatar Yes Yes Planned X X X X X X X Samoa ------Saudi Arabia* Yes Yes ------909,745 909,745 Singapore Yes Yes X X X X X X X X Solomon Islands X X X X X X X X X X Sri Lanka X X X X X X X X X X Syria X X X X X X X X X X Tajikistan ------Thailand ------Timor Leste Yes X X X X X X X X X Tonga ------Turkmenistan* Yes No ------15 United Arab Emirates X X X X X X X X X X

Uzbekistan X X X X X X X X X X Vanuatu ------Vietnam Yes Yes Planned Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes - - Yemen ------Total number of profiles for the region 2,634,626

INTERPOL Global DNA Profiling Survey 2019 Europe (2 pages)

Profiling Categories INTERPOL Missing DNA Profiling DNA Database Persons DNA Member Country Crime Missing Relatives of Unidentified Human Database Reference Other Total Stain Persons Missing Persons Remains Albania Yes Yes X Yes Yes Yes - X - X Andorra Yes No No 6 4 - - - - - Armenia Yes Planned No X X X X X X X Austria Yes Yes Yes 230,359 137,848 440 - 493 14,958 384,098 Azerbaijan Yes Yes Yes 5,883 4,093 275 596 228 - 11,075 Belarus Yes Yes Yes 285,588 34,265 Yes 15,784 771 - 336,408 Belgium Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes - Bosnia & Herzegovina Yes Planned No X X X X X X X Bulgaria Yes Yes X X X X X X X X Croatia Yes Yes X 11,340 5,292 - - 74 - 16,706 Cyprus Yes Yes Yes 35,379 15,651 14 37 12 - 51,093 Czech Republic Yes Yes X 226,615 20,179 100 683 484 5,024 253,085 Denmark Yes Yes No 130,662 54,251 Yes Yes - - 184,913 Estonia Yes Yes No 54,630 9,972 37 361 295 2,463 67,758 Finland Yes Yes Planned 180,591 12,984 - - - - 193,575

16 France Yes Yes Yes 3,786,342 458,074 859 323 1,784 - 4,247,382

Georgia* Yes Yes - 2,724 2,336 66 - 14 3,914 9,054 Germany Yes Yes Yes 871,416 337,428 1,652 1,182 1,476 177 1,213,331 Gibraltar (UK)▲ X X X X X X X X X X Greece Yes Yes Yes 14,580 17,958 57 295 835 922 34,647 Hungary Yes Yes Planned 202,471 9,581 - - 144 - 212,196 Iceland Yes Yes X X X X X X X X Ireland Yes Yes Yes 17,994 5,326 21 354 21 2,776 26,492 Israel Yes Yes Yes 460,000 30,000 47 994 339 Yes 491,380 Italy Yes Yes Yes X X X X X X X Latvia Yes Yes X X X X X X X X Liechtenstein X X X X X X X X X X Lithuania Yes Yes X X X X X X X X Luxembourg Yes Yes No 3,381 6,977 Yes - Yes - 10,358 Malta* Yes Yes - 31 336 0 3 31 78 479 Moldova X Planned Planned ------Monaco* Yes No - Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes - Montenegro Yes Yes Yes 6,610 1,688 3 17 14 - 8,332

INTERPOL Global DNA Profiling Survey 2019 Europe (2 pages)

Profiling Categories INTERPOL Missing DNA Profiling DNA Database Persons DNA Member Country Crime Missing Relatives of Unidentified Human Database Reference Other Total Stain Persons Missing Persons Remains Netherlands* Yes Yes - 252,513 70,372 343 1,061 581 3,862 328,732 North Macedonia* Yes Yes - 20,045 7,409 - - - - 27,454 Norway Yes Yes Yes 95,525 12,169 260 787 439 - 109,180 Poland Yes Yes Yes 74,841 11,045 447 2,387 1,202 35 89,957 Portugal Yes Yes Yes X X X X X X X Romania Yes Yes Yes X X X X X X X Russia Yes Yes X 598,134 113,941 - - 22,298 - 734,373 San Marino Yes No No - - Yes - - - - Serbia Yes Yes X X X X X X X X Slovakia Yes Yes Yes 68,584 12,511 29 724 401 13,954 96,203 Slovenia Yes Yes Yes 29,826 7,494 36 175 - - 37,531 Spain Yes Yes Yes 485,760 132,499 728 4,363 3,644 169 627,163 Sweden Yes Yes No 163,000 37,000 - - - 1,900 201,900 Switzerland Yes Yes Yes 181,769 84,139 682 1,051 776 - 268,417 Turkey Yes X X ------X 17 Ukraine X X X X X X X X X X

United Kingdom Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes - Vatican City ------

Total number of profiles for the region 10,273,272

INTERPOL’s 194 member countries 110 countries, whose NCBs replied to the 2019 survey, are highlighted in grey. This was combined with 20 responses from 2016, resulting in a total of 130 responses included in the report.

AFRICA AMERICAS ASIA EUROPE Algeria Anguilla (UK)▲ Afghanistan Albania Angola Antigua & Barbuda Australia Andorra Benin Argentina Bahrain Armenia Botswana Aruba Bangladesh Austria Burkina Faso Bahamas Bhutan Azerbaijan Burundi Barbados Brunei* Belarus Cameroon Belize Cambodia Belgium Cape Verde Bermuda (UK)▲ China Bosnia & Herzegovina Central African Republic Bolivia Hong Kong (China)▲ Bulgaria Chad Brazil Macao (China) ▲ Croatia Comoros British Virgin Islands (UK)▲ Fiji Cyprus Congo Canada India* Czech Republic Côte d'Ivoire Cayman Islands (UK)▲ Indonesia Denmark Democratic Rep. of Congo Chile Iran Estonia Djibouti Colombia Iraq Finland Egypt* Costa Rica Japan France Equatorial Guinea Cuba Jordan Georgia* Eritrea Curacao Kazakhstan Germany Eswatini Dominica Kiribati Gibraltar (UK)▲ Ethiopia Dominican Republic Korea (Republic of) Greece Gabon* Ecuador Kuwait Hungary Gambia El Salvador* Kyrgyzstan Iceland Ghana* Grenada Laos* Ireland Guinea Guatemala Lebanon Israel Guinea Bissau Guyana Malaysia Italy Kenya Haiti Maldives Latvia Lesotho Honduras* Marshall Islands Liechtenstein Liberia Jamaica Mongolia Lithuania Libya Mexico Myanmar Luxembourg Madagascar Montserrat (UK)▲ Nauru Malta* Malawi Nicaragua Nepal Moldova Mali Panama* New Zealand Monaco* Mauritania Paraguay Oman Montenegro Mauritius Peru Pakistan Netherlands* Morocco Puerto Rico (USA)▲ Palestine North Macedonia* Mozambique Saint Kitts & Nevis Papua New Guinea Norway Namibia Saint Lucia* Philippines Poland Niger Saint Vincent & Grenadines* Qatar Portugal Nigeria Sint Maarten Samoa Romania Rwanda Suriname Saudi Arabia* Russia Sao Tome & Principe Trinidad & Tobago Singapore San Marino Senegal Turks & Caicos Islands (UK)▲ Solomon Islands Serbia Seychelles* United States Sri Lanka Slovakia Sierra Leone Uruguay Syria Slovenia Somalia Venezuela Tajikistan Spain South Africa TOTAL: 38 Thailand Sweden South Sudan Total replies: 16 Timor Leste Switzerland Sudan Tonga Turkey Tanzania Turkmenistan* Ukraine Togo United Arab Emirates United Kingdom Tunisia* Uzbekistan Vatican City Uganda Vanuatu TOTAL: 50 Zambia Vietnam Total replies: 44 Zimbabwe Yemen TOTAL: 54 TOTAL: 52 Total replies: 20 Total replies: 30

▲ = INTERPOL member country’s sub-bureau (a special administrative region with a delegated regional authority of a particular INTERPOL member country). Not included in the total count of replies at the end of each region. * = Based on the response to the INTERPOL Global DNA Profiling Survey 2016 (no response in 2019). Not included in the total count of replies at the end of each region.

General Secretariat 200 quai Charles de Gaulle 69006 Lyon France WWW.INTERPOL.INT