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BHIC-105 English.Pmd
BHIC-105 HISTORY OF INDIA-III (750 - 1206 CE) School of Social Sciences Indira Gandhi National Open University EXPERT COMMITTEE Prof. Kapil Kumar (Convenor) Prof. Makhan Lal Chairperson Director Faculty of History Delhi Institute of Heritage, School of Social Sciences Research and Management IGNOU, New Delhi New Delhi Prof. P. K. Basant Dr. Sangeeta Pandey Faculty of Humanities and Languages Faculty of History Jamia Milia Islamia School of Social Sciences New Delhi IGNOU, New Delhi Prof. D. Gopal Director, SOSS, IGNOU, New Delhi Course Coordinator : Prof. Nandini Sinha Kapur COURSE TEAM Prof. Nandini Sinha Kapur Dr. Suchi Dayal Dr. Abhishek Anand COURSE PREPARATION TEAM Unit no. Course Writer Dr. Khushboo Kumari Academic Counsellor Dr. Suchi Dayal 1 Non Collegiate Women’s Education Board Academic Consultant, Faculty of History School (Bharati College), University of Delhi of Social Sciences, IGNOU, New Delhi Dr. Avantika Sharma Dr. Ashok Shettar 8 2* Department of History, I.P. College for Karnataka University, Dharwad Women, Delhi University, Delhi Dr. Pintu Kumar 3** Dr. Richa Singh Assistant Professor 9 Ph.D from Centre for Historical Studies Motilal Nehru College (Evening) Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi Delhi University Professor Champaklakshmi Dr. Naina Dasgupta 10****** Retired from Center for Historical Studies National Open School, Kailash Colony Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi New Delhi and Dr. Sangeeta Pandey Dr. V. K. Jain Faculty of History Department of History School of Social Sciences IGNOU, New Delhi University of Delhi, Delhi 4*** Prof. Y. Subbarayalu, Head Prof. Harbans Mukhia Indology Department, Retired from Centre for Historical Studies French Institute of Pondicherry, Puducherry Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi Dr. -
An Estimate of Dhruva – the Rastrakuta Emperor (780-793 A.D.)
www.ijcrt.org © 2021 IJCRT | Volume 9, Issue 3 March 2021 | ISSN: 2320-2882 An Estimate of Dhruva – The Rastrakuta Emperor (780-793 A.D.) Sampath Kumar B.E. Assistant professor of History. Department of History Vijaya College, Mulki,India Abstract: Dhruva is one of the greatest monarchs of the Rashtrakuta dynasty and was principally responsible for giving a new trend to the imperial policy of the Rashtrakutas. During his time, there was no power in India to challenge the supremacy of the Rashtrakutas. Index Terms - Dhruva, Rashtrakuta, Southern conquests, Northern expeditions, Great military figure. I. INTRODUCTION Dhruva is one of the most illustrious monorcs of the Rashtrakuta dynasty. His accession to the throne marks a turning point. His reign witnessed certain epoch-making events which raised the dynasty, whose fortunes had sunk low in the previous regime, to the status of a great imperial power, so much so that every contemporary royal house in India was struck with a sense of fear and anxiety. Though his period of rule was not very long, yet it is significant from several points of view. He moved like a whirlwind and conducted lightning campaigns against the Gangas of Talkadu, Pallavas of Kanchi, Chalukyas of Vengi, the Gurjara Pratiharas and the Palas, the last two being the great powers of the north. All these powers were compelled to acknowledge the supremacy of Dhruva and forced to pay tribute to him. Not merely in the domain of military activity, but also in administration and in education he made substantial contribution. It has to be confessed that historical material on the reign of Dhruva is meagre, which makes the task of a historian all the more difficult. -
Socio- Political and Administrative History of Ancient India (Early Time to 8Th-12Th Century C.E)
DDCE/History (M.A)/SLM/Paper-XII Socio- Political and Administrative History of Ancient India (Early time to 8th-12th Century C.E) By Dr. Binod Bihari Satpathy 0 CONTENT SOCIO- POLITICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE HISTORY OF ANCIENT INDIA (EARLY TIME TO 8th-12th CENTURIES C.E) Unit.No. Chapter Name Page No Unit-I. Political Condition. 1. The emergence of Rajput: Pratiharas, Art and Architecture. 02-14 2. The Rashtrakutas of Manyakheta: Their role in history, 15-27 Contribution to art and culture. 3. The Pala of Bengal- Polity, Economy and Social conditions. 28-47 Unit-II Other political dynasties of early medieval India. 1. The Somavamsis of Odisha. 48-64 2. Cholas Empire: Local Self Government, Art and Architecture. 65-82 3. Features of Indian Village System, Society, Economy, Art and 83-99 learning in South India. Unit-III. Indian Society in early Medieval Age. 1. Social stratification: Proliferation of castes, Status of women, 100-112 Matrilineal System, Aryanisation of hinterland region. 2. Religion-Bhakti Movements, Saivism, Vaishnavism, Tantricism, 113-128 Islam. 3. Development of Art and Architecture: Evolution of Temple Architecture- Major regional Schools, Sculpture, Bronzes and 129-145 Paintings. Unit-IV. Indian Economy in early medieval age. 1. General review of the economic life: Agrarian and Urban 146-161 Economy. 2. Indian Feudalism: Characteristic, Nature and features. 162-180 Significance. 3. Trade and commerce- Maritime Activities, Spread of Indian 181-199 Culture abroad, Cultural Interaction. 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT It is pleasure to be able to complete this compilation work. containing various aspects of Ancient Indian History. This material is prepared with an objective to familiarize the students of M.A History, DDCE Utkal University on the various aspcets of India’s ancient past. -
Unit 10 Emergence of Rashtrakutas*
History of India from C. 300 C.E. to 1206 UNIT 10 EMERGENCE OF RASHTRAKUTAS* Structure 10.0 Objectives 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Historical Backgrounds of the Empire 10.3 The Rashtrakuta Empire 10.4 Disintegration of the Empire 10.5 Administration 10.6 Polity, Society, Religion, Literature 10.7 Summary 10.8 Key Words 10.9 Answers to Check Your Progress Exercises 10.10 Suggested Readings 10.0 OBJECTIVES In this Unit, we will discuss about the origin and emergence of the Rashtrakutas and the formation of Rashtrakuta empire. Later, we will also explore the organization and nature of Rashtrakuta state with social, religious, educational, cultural achievements during the Rashtrakutas. After studying the Unit, you will be able to learn about: major and minor kingdoms that were ruling over different territories of south India between 8th and 11th centuries; emergence of the Rashtrakutas as a dominant power in Deccan; the process of the formation of Rashtrakuta empire and contributions of different kings; the nature of early medieval polity and administration in the Deccan; significant components of the feudal political structure such as ideological bases, bureaucracy, military, control mechanism, villages etc.; and social, religious, educational, architectural and cultural developments within the Rashtrakuta empire. 10.1 INTRODUCTION India witnessed three powerful kingdoms between c. 750 and 1000 CE: Pala empire, Pratihara empire and Rashtrakuta empire in south India. These kingdoms fought each other to establish their respective hegemony which was the trend of early medieval India. Historian Noboru Karashima treats the empire as a new type of state, i.e. -
A Study Onthe Rashtrakuta Dynasty
International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews Vol (3) Issue (2) (2021) Page 297-299 International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews Journal homepage: www.ijrpr.com ISSN 2582-7421 A Study on the Rashtrakuta Dynasty B. G. MATH Professor, Department of History, CMM arts, Science and Commerce College, Sindagi, India A B S T R A C T The Rashtrakuta Dynasty controlled pieces of South India from the eighth to the tenth century CE. At its peak, their realm remembered the advanced territory of Karnataka for its aggregate alongside parts of the current Indian provinces of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra and Gujarat. Their significance can be measured from the works of numerous Islamic explorers and researchers, particularly Al-Masudi and IbnKhordadbih (tenth century CE), who composed that the wide range of various rulers of India around then appealed to the Rashtrakutas as a higher force and prostrated themselves in respect before them, such was their impact and impression Keywords: Evaporator , Efficiency of system, Refrigerant used, COP of system. Performance of Evaporator. 1. Introduction The birthplace of the Rashtrakuta Dynasty has been a questionable subject and has been bantered absurd a very long time by students of history. The shifting perspectives fundamentally rotate around issues, for instance, the home of the most reliable antecedents of the archaic Rashtrakutas and the connection between the couple of Rashtrakuta lines that administered little realms in Northern and central India and the Deccan in the 6th century - seventh century. The beginning of the Rashtrakuta Dynasty has been a questionable subject and has been bantered ludicrous a long time by history specialists. -
M E H T a C S . X
MEHTA C s .X.) * P ^ . n ) . i q £ h ProQuest Number: 10731380 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10731380 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 if£ Political History of Gujarat CAD, JMn 750 - 950 Shobhana Khimjibhai Mehta Thesis submitted for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the University of London. September 1961, CONTENTS page Acknowledgements.... 2 Abstract ... ................. ... ... * * •. ♦ 3 List of Abbreviations.......................... 5 Chapter I. The Sources ....................... 8 Chapter II. Chronology ........ .. ... ... 27 Chapter III. Gujarat at the Decline of the Maitrakas and After ......... 56 Chapter IV. The Saindhavas ... ... ........ 84 Chapter V. The Capas ... .... 106 Chapter VI. The Paramaras ... 135 Chapter VII. The Caulukyas...... ................. 199 Conclusion............... 254 Genealogical Tables ... ... ................... 259 Appendices. (i) The Gurjaras of Broach ... 270 (ii) The Early Cahama^mjLS. ............. 286 Bibliography (i) List of Inscriptions ............ 297 (ii) Primary Sources ........ 307 (iii) Secondary Sources .................. 309 (iv) List of Articles.................... 316 Maps. (a) Gujarat under the Maitraka • ... (b) Gujarat under the Paramaras ........ (c) Gujarat under the Caulukyas ........ (d) India in ca. 977 A.D........... -
The Book Was Drenched
THE BOOK WAS DRENCHED TEXT CROSS WITHIN THE BOOK ONLY TEXT LITE WITHIN THE BOOK ONLY < c W ^ fc ^ B]<OU 168462 5m > Ct nn TI 7 99 i _l J Major His Highness Raj Rajeshwar 5ramad Rajai Hind Maharajadhiraj Sri Sir Umaid Singhji Sahib Bahadur, G.C.I.E., K. C.S.I., K.CV.O., Maharaja of Jodhpur. HISTORY OF^THE RASHTRAKUTAS (RATHODAS) (From the beginning to the migration of Rao Siha ioicards Maricar.) HISTORY OF THE RASHTRAKUTAS. (RATHODAS) From th bcfinninff to the migration of Rao Stha towardi Marwar, BY PANDIT BISHESHWAR NATH REU, Superintendent, AHCH^OLOGICAL DEPARTMENT & SUMER PUBLIC LIBKAKV, JODHPUR. JODHPUR: THE ARCHAEOLOGICAU DEPARTMENT. 1933. Published orders of the Jodhpur Darbar. FIRST EDITION Price Rs. :2'i- Jodhjr.tr: Printed at the Marwar State Press PREFACE. This volume contains the history of the early RSshtrakutas (Rathotfas) and their well-known branch, the Gahatfavalas of Kanauj up to the third-quarter of the 13th century of Vikrama era, that is, up to the migration of Rao Slha towards Marwar. In the absence of any written account of the rulers of this dynasty, the history is based on its copper plates, inscriptions and coins hitherto discovered. Sanskrit, Arabic and English 1 works, which throw some light on the history of this dynasty, however meagre, have also been referred to. Though the material thus gathered is not much, yet what is known is sufficient to prove that some of the kings of this dynasty were most powerful rulers of their time. Further, some of them, besides being the patrons of art and literature, were themselves good scholars. -
Rol Aug 2015 Dr. Subhaschandra Doddamani
Reviews of Literature Impact Factor : 1.4716(UIF) ISSN 2347-2723 Volume - 2 | Issue - 1 | Aug - 2015 ART AND ARCHITECTURE OF RASHTRA KUTA DYNASTY Dr. Subhaschandra Doddamani Lecturer in History ABSTRACT he Rashtrakutas who managed the deccan from Manyakheta, Gulbarga region, Karnataka in the Tperiod AD 753 - 973 constructed a portion of the finest dravidian landmarks at Ellora (the Kailasanatha sanctuary), in the stone cut engineering Development. Some other fine landmarks are the Jaina Narayana sanctuary at Pattadakal and the Navalinga sanctuaries at Kuknur in Karnataka. The Rashtrakutas contributed much to the way of life of the Deccan. The Rashtrakuta commitments to craftsmanship and engineering are reflected in the breathtaking rock-cut hallowed places at Ellora and Elephanta58, arranged in present day Mahárashtra. It is said that they out and out built 34 rock-cut hallowed places, yet most broad and extravagant of every one of them is the Kailasanatha sanctuary at Ellora. The sanctuary is an unbelievable accomplishment of Dravidian workmanship. The dividers of the sanctuary have radiant figures from Hindu mythology including Ravana, Úhiva and Parvathi while the roofs have depictions. KEYWORDS :Rashtra Kuta Dynasty , Hindu mythology , Art and Architecture . INTRODUCTION : Rashtrakuta was an illustrious line controlling expansive parts of the Indian Subcontinent between the 6th and tenth hundreds of years. The soonest known Rashtrakuta engraving is a seventh century copper plate award enumerating their guideline from Manapura, a city in Central or West India. Other decision Rashtrakuta factions from the same time frame said in engravings were the rulers of Achalapur (present day Elichpur in Maharashtra) and the leaders of Kannauj. -
Chapter- Iii Selected Inscriptions of the Deccan and Its Neighbourhood 69
CHAPTER- III SELECTED INSCRIPTIONS OF THE DECCAN AND ITS NEIGHBOURHOOD 69 • *> CHAPTER 3 Selected Inscriptions Third Chapter is formulated on the materials from the original texts of the Inscriptions. a) Selected Sanskrit Inscriptions of the Deccan and its Neighbourhood b) Selected Sanskrit Inscriptions of the Far South > THE DECCAN AND ITS NEIGHBOURHOOD Selected Sanskrit Inscriptions of the Deccan and its Neighbourhood • The Chalukyas of BMami The Chalukyas were a great power in the southern India between the 6* and 8* century A.D. and again from the 10^ to the 12^ century A.D. Pulakesin-I the first great ruler of this dynasty, ascended the throne in .540 A.D. and having made many splendid victories, established a mighty empire. His son, Kirtivarman who succeeded him in 607 A.D. also made extensive conquests. However, Pulakesin-II (608-642 A.D.), son and successor of Kirtivarman, is regarded as the greatest ruler of the Chalukya dynasty. Apart from his many conquests over the Kadambas of Vanavasi, the Gangas of Mysore, the Mauryas of Konkan, his most outstanding achievement was to defeat king Harshavardhana and thus preventing the extension of his empire beyond Narmada. 70 Nevertheless, Pulakesin-II was defeated and killed in the battle with the Pallava king Narsimhvarman-I who had attacked the Chalukya territory. Genealogy Mentioned in the Aihole Stone Inscription of Pulakesin-II, of the Chalukyas of Badami Period ...In the Chalukya family was bom Jayasimhavallabha. To him was bom Ra^araga. His son Pulakesin-I established himself at Vatapipurl and performed the horse-sacrifice. His son Kirtivarman, the night of death to the Nalas, Mauryas and Kadambas, broke up the confederacy of the Kadambas. -
History Part 13 Notes
Winmeen Tnpsc Group 1 & 2 Self Preparation Course 2018 History Part - 13 13] Kingdoms of the Deccan NOTES The Deccan or the Dakshinapatha regions are the part of Southern India. The Vindhya and Satpura mountains, the Narmada and Tapti rivers, and the dense forests separate the Deccan from Northern India. The Deccan part witnessed the rise of the Chalukyas and the Rashtrakutas during the medieval period. This period also witnessed the expansion of the Delhi Sultanate like the Khiljis and the Tughluqs into South India. The Chalukyas (6th -12th century A.D.) Vishnu vardhan is the founder of chalukyas clan.The Chalukyas period can be broadly divided into three and they are: The Early Western Chalukyas (6th-8th century A.D.) The Later Western Chalukyas (10th-12th century A.D.) The Eastern Chalukyas (7th-12th century A.D.) The Early Western Chalukyas (6th-8thcentury A.D.) They rose into power in the 6th century A.D in Karnataka. Vatapi (modern Badami) in the Bijapur district was their capital. 1 www.winmeen.com | Learning Leads to Ruling Winmeen Tnpsc Group 1 & 2 Self Preparation Course 2018 Jayasimha and Ramaraya, Pulakesin-I (543-566.A.D) were humble rulers of the early Western Chalukyas. Pulakesin-I was the founder of vatapi chalukya clan. Pulakesin II (610-642 A.D.) Pulakesin II is the real founder and greatest ruler of this dynasty He defeated Gangas, Malavas and Gurjaras. Ravakirti work as court poet. In 637 A.D he defeated Harsha’s attack in the north. He struggled constantly with the Pallavas in the south. -
Hinduism-And-The-Religious-Arts.Pdf
RELIGION AND THE ARTS Series Editor: John Hinnells, University of Derby The arts have always been one of the primary means of communicating religious traditions; indeed, visual or performing arts may complement, predate or supplant many scriptural sources. This series explores how the visible has been used to express the invisible, and is designed to provide an understanding of the world's religions through the various art forms associated with religious practice and experience. Already published Art and Religion in Africa by Rosalind I. J. Hackett Arts in the Religions of the Pacific by Albert C. Moore Ganesa, Orissa, thirteenth century. Hinduism and the Religious Arts Heather Elgood CASSELL London and New York Cassell Wellington House, 125 Strand, London WC2R OBB 370 Lexington Avenue, New York, NY 10017-6550 First published 1999 First published in paperback 2000 © Heather Elgood 1999 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying, recording or any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN 0-304-70739-2 (paperback) ISBN 0-304-33820-6 (hardback) Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Elgood, Heather, 1950- Hinduism and the religious arts / Heather Elgood. p. cm.—(Religion and the arts) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-304-33820-6 (hardcover) 1. Art, Hindu—India. 2. Art, Indie-India. 3. Hindu symbolism. 4. Art patronage-India. -
Chapter 7 Rastrakuta Empire and Its Feudatories*
CHAPTER 7 RASTRAKUTA EMPIRE AND ITS FEUDATORIES* WE HAVE ALREADY SEEN HOW KIRTIVARMAN II OF THE CALUKYA DYNASTY was defeated by king Dantidurga of the Rastrakuta lineage. We shall now describe the career of the new house which was destined to far outshine the glory of its predecessor. Later records of the dynasty1 claim that Dantidurga belonged to the Satyaki branch of the Yadu race. In this line there was a prince named Ratta, who had a son named Rastrakuta, who was the progenitor of the new dynasty and gave it its well-known name. Earlier records however are unaware of this Yadava origin of the new house ; it was obviously introduced in the official genealogies in later days when it became the custom for every dynasty to claim descent from some Pauranic or legendary hero. Sober history tells us that Rastrakuta was the name of an office and not of an individual. Rastra was the name of a territorial unit, corresponding roughly to the modern district and its administrative officer was called rastrakuta, a rastrapati, or rastrika or rathika or rathi in different periods and provinces. In the Deccan the term rastrakuta had come into general use to denote the officer of the district, as gramakuta had become general for the village headman. The status and powers of the Rastrakutas corresponded to those of the Desmukhs and Desais of the Maratha period; but very often they were given, or they used to acquire the status of a feudatory. We get references to a few feudatory Rastrakuta chiefs in the Deccan and Karnatak during the ascendancy of the Calukyas of Badami.