The Trinity Reporter, Spring 2011
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Nuclear Deterrence in the Information Age?
SUMMER 2012 Vol. 6, No. 2 Commentary Our Brick Moon William H. Gerstenmaier Chasing Its Tail: Nuclear Deterrence in the Information Age? Stephen J. Cimbala Fiscal Fetters: The Economic Imperatives of National Security in a Time of Austerity Mark Duckenfield Summer 2012 Summer US Extended Deterrence: How Much Strategic Force Is Too Little? David J. Trachtenberg The Common Sense of Small Nuclear Arsenals James Wood Forsyth Jr. Forging an Indian Partnership Capt Craig H. Neuman II, USAF Chief of Staff, US Air Force Gen Norton A. Schwartz Mission Statement Commander, Air Education and Training Command Strategic Studies Quarterly (SSQ) is the senior United States Air Force– Gen Edward A. Rice Jr. sponsored journal fostering intellectual enrichment for national and Commander and President, Air University international security professionals. SSQ provides a forum for critically Lt Gen David S. Fadok examining, informing, and debating national and international security Director, Air Force Research Institute matters. Contributions to SSQ will explore strategic issues of current and Gen John A. Shaud, PhD, USAF, Retired continuing interest to the US Air Force, the larger defense community, and our international partners. Editorial Staff Col W. Michael Guillot, USAF, Retired, Editor CAPT Jerry L. Gantt, USNR, Retired, Content Editor Disclaimer Nedra O. Looney, Prepress Production Manager Betty R. Littlejohn, Editorial Assistant The views and opinions expressed or implied in the SSQ are those of the Sherry C. Terrell, Editorial Assistant authors and should not be construed as carrying the official sanction of Daniel M. Armstrong, Illustrator the United States Air Force, the Department of Defense, Air Education Editorial Advisors and Training Command, Air University, or other agencies or depart- Gen John A. -
Assuring South Korea and Japan As the Role and Number of U.S. Nuclear Weapons Are Reduced
Assuring South Korea and Japan as the Role and Number of U.S. Nuclear Weapons are Reduced Michael H. Keifer, Project Manager Advanced Systems and Concepts Office Defense Threat Reduction Agency Prepared by Kurt Guthe Thomas Scheber National Institute for Public Policy January 2011 The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Defense Threat Reduction Agency, the Department of Defense, or the United States Government. This report is approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Defense Threat Reduction Agency Advanced Systems and Concepts Office Report Number ASCO 2011 003 Contract Number MIPR 10-2621M The mission of the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) is to safeguard America and its allies from weapons of mass destruction (chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and high explosives) by providing capabilities to reduce, eliminate, and counter the threat, and mitigate its effects. The Advanced Systems and Concepts Office (ASCO) supports this mission by providing long-term rolling horizon perspectives to help DTRA leadership identify, plan, and persuasively communicate what is needed in the near term to achieve the longer-term goals inherent in the agency’s mission. ASCO also emphasizes the identification, integration, and further development of leading strategic thinking and analysis on the most intractable problems related to combating weapons of mass destruction. For further information on this project, or on ASCO’s broader research program, please contact: Defense Threat Reduction Agency Advanced Systems and Concepts Office 8725 John J. Kingman Road Ft. Belvoir, VA 22060-6201 [email protected] Table of Contents Introduction...................................................................................................................... -
Jihadists and Nuclear Weapons
VERSION: Charles P. Blair, “Jihadists and Nuclear Weapons,” in Gary Ackerman and Jeremy Tamsett, eds., Jihadists and Weapons of Mass Destruction: A Growing Threat (New York: Taylor and Francis, 2009), pp. 193-238. c h a p t e r 8 Jihadists and Nuclear Weapons Charles P. Blair CONTENTS Introduction 193 Improvised Nuclear Devices (INDs) 195 Fissile Materials 198 Weapons-Grade Uranium and Plutonium 199 Likely IND Construction 203 External Procurement of Intact Nuclear Weapons 204 State Acquisition of an Intact Nuclear Weapon 204 Nuclear Black Market 212 Incidents of Jihadist Interest in Nuclear Weapons and Weapons-Grade Nuclear Materials 213 Al-Qa‘ida 213 Russia’s Chechen-Led Jihadists 214 Nuclear-Related Threats and Attacks in India and Pakistan 215 Overall Likelihood of Jihadists Obtaining Nuclear Capability 215 Notes 216 Appendix: Toward a Nuclear Weapon: Principles of Nuclear Energy 232 Discovery of Radioactive Materials 232 Divisibility of the Atom 232 Atomic Nucleus 233 Discovery of Neutrons: A Pathway to the Nucleus 233 Fission 234 Chain Reactions 235 Notes 236 INTRODUCTION On December 1, 2001, CIA Director George Tenet made a hastily planned, clandestine trip to Pakistan. Tenet arrived in Islamabad deeply shaken by the news that less than three months earlier—just weeks before the attacks of September 11, 2001—al-Qa‘ida and Taliban leaders had met with two former Pakistani nuclear weapon scientists in a joint quest to acquire nuclear weapons. Captured documents the scientists abandoned as 193 AU6964.indb 193 12/16/08 5:44:39 PM 194 Charles P. Blair they fled Kabul from advancing anti-Taliban forces were evidence, in the minds of top U.S. -
Genealogical Sketch Of
Genealogy and Historical Notes of Spamer and Smith Families of Maryland Appendix 2. SSeelleecctteedd CCoollllaatteerraall GGeenneeaallooggiieess ffoorr SSttrroonnggllyy CCrroossss--ccoonnnneecctteedd aanndd HHiissttoorriiccaall FFaammiillyy GGrroouuppss WWiitthhiinn tthhee EExxtteennddeedd SSmmiitthh FFaammiillyy Bayard Bache Cadwalader Carroll Chew Coursey Dallas Darnall Emory Foulke Franklin Hodge Hollyday Lloyd McCall Patrick Powel Tilghman Wright NEW EDITION Containing Additions & Corrections to June 2011 and with Illustrations Earle E. Spamer 2008 / 2011 Selected Strongly Cross-connected Collateral Genealogies of the Smith Family Note The “New Edition” includes hyperlinks embedded in boxes throughout the main genealogy. They will, when clicked in the computer’s web-browser environment, automatically redirect the user to the pertinent additions, emendations and corrections that are compiled in the separate “Additions and Corrections” section. Boxed alerts look like this: Also see Additions & Corrections [In the event that the PDF hyperlink has become inoperative or misdirects, refer to the appropriate page number as listed in the Additions and Corrections section.] The “Additions and Corrections” document is appended to the end of the main text herein and is separately paginated using Roman numerals. With a web browser on the user’s computer the hyperlinks are “live”; the user may switch back and forth between the main text and pertinent additions, corrections, or emendations. Each part of the genealogy (Parts I and II, and Appendices 1 and 2) has its own “Additions and Corrections” section. The main text of the New Edition is exactly identical to the original edition of 2008; content and pagination are not changed. The difference is the presence of the boxed “Additions and Corrections” alerts, which are superimposed on the page and do not affect text layout or pagination. -
Nuclear Scholars Initiative a Collection of Papers from the 2013 Nuclear Scholars Initiative
Nuclear Scholars Initiative A Collection of Papers from the 2013 Nuclear Scholars Initiative EDITOR Sarah Weiner JANUARY 2014 Nuclear Scholars Initiative A Collection of Papers from the 2013 Nuclear Scholars Initiative EDITOR Sarah Weiner AUTHORS Isabelle Anstey David K. Lartonoix Lee Aversano Adam Mount Jessica Bufford Mira Rapp-Hooper Nilsu Goren Alicia L. Swift Jana Honkova David Thomas Graham W. Jenkins Timothy J. Westmyer Phyllis Ko Craig J. Wiener Rizwan Ladha Lauren Wilson Jarret M. Lafl eur January 2014 ROWMAN & LITTLEFIELD Lanham • Boulder • New York • Toronto • Plymouth, UK About CSIS For over 50 years, the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) has developed solutions to the world’s greatest policy challenges. As we celebrate this milestone, CSIS scholars are developing strategic insights and bipartisan policy solutions to help decisionmakers chart a course toward a better world. CSIS is a nonprofi t or ga ni za tion headquartered in Washington, D.C. The Center’s 220 full-time staff and large network of affi liated scholars conduct research and analysis and develop policy initiatives that look into the future and anticipate change. Founded at the height of the Cold War by David M. Abshire and Admiral Arleigh Burke, CSIS was dedicated to fi nding ways to sustain American prominence and prosperity as a force for good in the world. Since 1962, CSIS has become one of the world’s preeminent international institutions focused on defense and security; regional stability; and transnational challenges ranging from energy and climate to global health and economic integration. Former U.S. senator Sam Nunn has chaired the CSIS Board of Trustees since 1999. -
General Ban Ki Moon
LETTER TO HEADS OF STATE OF ALL SECURITY COUNCIL MEMBERS, PRESIDENT OF SECURITY COUNCIL, UNITED NATIONS SECY ‐ GENERAL BAN KI MOON, Copied to: PRESIDENTS OBAMA AND MEDVEDEV, FOREIGN MINISTER IVANOV, PRIME MINISTER PUTIN, SECRETARIES CLINTON AND TAUSCHER, MEMBERS OF THE US NUCLEAR POSTURE REVIEW, AND MEMBERS OF RELEVANT DUMA AND CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES SEPTEMBER 24 UNSC HEADS OF STATE MEETING ON NUCLEAR DISARMAMENT AND NONPROLIFERATION Dear Head of State/Security Council Representative: The world is approaching a nuclear tipping point. Authoritative scientific studies now predict the detonation of as little as a half of one percent of the deployed and operational arsenals of the nuclear weapon states will produce catastrophic changes in the global climate and environment. Given this data, it is clear that a large nuclear war would destroy civilisation and threaten human survival. The Security Council and all governments must take decisions in the light of this knowledge. A handful of states possess more than 20,000 nuclear weapons and several of these states including the United States and Russia still cling to nuclear doctrines that assert the right to use these mass terror weapons first, possibly even against non‐nuclear attacks and against non‐nuclear weapon states. Entry‐into‐force of the CTBT is within reach, but is being held up by a few hold‐out states. The nuclear programs of Iran and North Korea could, if not checked, promote further proliferation. Concrete actions that reduce the salience, number, and threat of nuclear weapons are urgently needed in order to strengthen the international nuclear non‐proliferation and disarmament regime and to secure weapons‐useable nuclear material against possible terrorist acquisition. -
Non-State Actors and the Campaign for a Nuclear Weapons Convention Through the Prism of Securitisation Theory Brazilian Political Science Review, Vol
Brazilian Political Science Review E-ISSN: 1981-3821 [email protected] Associação Brasileira de Ciência Política Brasil Dalaqua, Renata H. "Securing our survival (SOS)": non-state actors and the campaign for a nuclear weapons convention through the prism of securitisation theory Brazilian Political Science Review, vol. 7, núm. 3, 2013, pp. 90-117 Associação Brasileira de Ciência Política São Paulo, Brasil Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=394334975004 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative brazilianpoliticalsciencereview ARTICLE “Securing our Survival (SOS)”: Non-State Actors and the Campaign for a Nuclear Weapons Convention through the Prism of Securitisation Theory* Renata H. Dalaqua Brazilian Centre for International Relations (CEBRI), Brazil This article analyses the security practices of the anti-nuclear movement in the post-Cold War period through the prism of securitisation theory. By explor- ing Buzan and Wæver’s conceptual developments on macrosecuritisations, the practices involved in the struggle against the Bomb are interpreted as securitising moves, in which the anti-nuclear movement is the leading securitiser. In the ca- pacity of securitising actors, nuclear abolition activists argue that nuclear disar- mament, under a Nuclear Weapons Convention (NWC), would be the only way to protect humankind from the threat posed by the existence of nuclear weapons. The empirical analysis of these non-state actors and their campaign for a NWC shows that, despite uttering security, the anti-nuclear movement has so far failed to achieve the proposed security measure, that is, nuclear disarmament. -
Governing the Bomb: Civilian Control and Democratic
DCAF GOVERNING THE BOMB Civilian Control and Democratic Accountability of Nuclear Weapons edited by hans born, bates gill and heiner hänggi Governing the Bomb Civilian Control and Democratic Accountability of Nuclear Weapons STOCKHOLM INTERNATIONAL PEACE RESEARCH INSTITUTE SIPRI is an independent international institute dedicated to research into conflict, armaments, arms control and disarmament. Established in 1966, SIPRI provides data, analysis and recommendations, based on open sources, to policymakers, researchers, media and the interested public. The Governing Board is not responsible for the views expressed in the publications of the Institute. GOVERNING BOARD Göran Lennmarker, Chairman (Sweden) Dr Dewi Fortuna Anwar (Indonesia) Dr Alexei G. Arbatov (Russia) Ambassador Lakhdar Brahimi (Algeria) Jayantha Dhanapala (Sri Lanka) Dr Nabil Elaraby (Egypt) Ambassador Wolfgang Ischinger (Germany) Professor Mary Kaldor (United Kingdom) The Director DIRECTOR Dr Bates Gill (United States) Signalistgatan 9 SE-169 70 Solna, Sweden Telephone: +46 8 655 97 00 Fax: +46 8 655 97 33 Email: [email protected] Internet: www.sipri.org Governing the Bomb Civilian Control and Democratic Accountability of Nuclear Weapons EDITED BY HANS BORN, BATES GILL AND HEINER HÄNGGI OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2010 1 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford OX2 6DP Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offices in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York © SIPRI 2010 All rights reserved. -
2009-06 Annual Meeting
OFFICIAL PROGRAM June 14-18, 2009 • Atlanta, Georgia • Hyatt Regency Atlanta Hotel American Nuclear Society: 2009 ANNUAL MEETING “Advancing Nuclear Technology for a Greater Tomorrow” EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING: Nuclear and Emerging Technologies for Space (NETS—2009; Formerly Space Nuclear Conference) PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT WORKSHOPS: Preparing for the Nuclear Engineering Professional Engineering Exam Sodium Cooled Fast Reactor Workshop Modular HTGR Technology Course (2 Day Workshop) our most sincere thanks to the following contributors for their support of the 2009 ANS Annual Meeting “Advancing Nuclear Technology for a Greater Tomorrow” Embedded Topical Meeting: Nuclear and Emerging Technologies for Space (NETS–2009, formerly Space Nuclear Conference) PLATINUM Entergy Nuclear GOLD EXCEL Services Corporation Fluor Enterprises, Inc. Idaho National Laboratory Southern Nuclear Operating Company Westinghouse Electric Company SILVER American Electric Power (AEP) Bechtel Duke Energy Enercon Services, Inc. Louisiana Energy Services Progress Energy URS Washington Division Williams Industrial Services Xcel Energy BRONZE Alstom Power, Inc. Balch & Bingham, LLP Cameco ConverDyn Energy Northwest Exelon Florida Power & Light Company Omaha Public Power District STP Nuclear Operating Company SPONSOR Edison Electric Institute Thank You! 2 2009 ANS ANNUAL MEETING: Official Program www.ans.org TABLE OF CONTENTS AMERICAN NUCLEAR SOCIETY: 2009 ANNUAL MEETING “Advancing Nuclear Technology for a Greater Tomorrow” EMBEDDED TOPICAL MEETING: Nuclear and Emerging -
Catholic Study Guide for Use with NUCLEAR TIPPING POINT
Catholic Study Guide for use with NUCLEAR TIPPING POINT Instructions for the Facilitator A study on nuclear weapons and Before the meeting: At least a week before the meeting, our Catholic response make available to participants the Catholic social teaching This study guide based on Catholic social quotes on pages 2 and 3. On the day of the session, have teaching is for use with the film, Nuclear available copies of pages 2, 3, and 4 for all participants. Tipping Point. It is designed to assist small Room Set up: Arrange for a DVD player and TV to be in the groups of adults and mature young people in room and set up chairs to face the TV. Select one person to exploring some issues related to nuclear read the prayer by Pope John XXIII at the appropriate time weapons in the light of their Catholic faith. (found on page 4). The small group study can be completed in Beginning the session: Welcome everyone and remind two one-hour sessions. them that the purpose of the gathering is to reflect in faith Synopsis: Nuclear Tipping Point is a on the nuclear threat in our world today. We will do this conversation with four men intimately involved during two one-hour discussions that include watching parts in American diplomacy and national security of the film, Nuclear Tipping Point, and reviewing Catholic over the last four decades: former Secretaries teaching. Indicate that the Church has a long history of of State George Shultz and Henry Kissinger, addressing moral questions regarding nuclear weapons and former Secretary of Defense William Perry and that this session will explore the topic from the perspective former Senator Sam Nunn. -
National Perspectives on Nuclear Disarmament
NATIONAL PERSPECTIVES ON NUCLEAR DISARMAMENT EDITED BY: Barry M. Blechman Alexander K. Bollfrass March 2010 Copyright ©2010 The Henry L. Stimson Center Cover design by Shawn Woodley All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written consent from The Henry L. Stimson Center. The Henry L. Stimson Center 1111 19th Street, NW 12th Floor Washington, DC 20036 phone: 202-223-5956 fax: 202-238-9604 www.stimson.org TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface .....................................................................................................................v Introduction ...........................................................................................................vii BRAZIL | A Brazilian Perspective on Nuclear Disarmament Marcos C. de Azambuja.....................................................................1 CHINA | China’s Nuclear Strategy in a Changing World Stategic Situation Major General Pan Zhenqiang (Retired)........................................13 FRANCE | French Perspectives on Nuclear Weapons and Nuclear Disarmament Bruno Tertrais ..................................................................................37 INDIA | Indian Perspectives on the Global Elimination of Nuclear Weapons Rajesh M. Basrur .............................................................................59 IRAN | Iranian Perspectives on the Global Elimination of Nuclear Weapons Anoush Ehteshami............................................................................87 -
A History of African Americans of Delaware and Maryland's Eastern Shore
A HISTORY OF AFRICAN AMERICANS OF DELAWARE AND MARYLAND'S EASTERN SHORE Carole C. Marks, Editor Copyright A History of African Americans of Delaware and Maryland's Eastern Shore Edited by Carole C. Marks Copyright 1996 The Christian Council of Delaware and Maryland's Eastern Shore and the University of Delaware Black American Studies Department. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. A Delaware Heritage Press Book Second Edition Published under the Auspices of the Delaware Heritage Commission November 1998 ISBN: 0-924117-12-5 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 98-74339 The Delaware Heritage Commission Carvel State Office Building 820 North French Street Wilmington, DE 19801 PREFACE You hold in your hands an important book—a document that restores an important but little-known part of our American heritage. Within these pages are stories of bravery, determination, principle and struggle, and we al benefit from the effort that brings to light valuable information on the history of African Americans in our region. This book shares the truths of a group of Americans, truths that have only recently found their way into our history books. The individuals whose lives and contributions are chronicled here have surely helped shape our country— both in slavery and in freedom. All of us owe a debt of thanks to the Christian Council of Delaware and Maryland's Eastern Shore and The Speer Trust Commission of New Castle Presbytery for their determination to celebrate the contributions of persons of color and for its decision and commitment to publishing this book.