i
ARABIC COINS AT CAIRO
CATALOGUE
OF THE COLLECTION OF ARABIC COINS
PRESERVED IN THE Khedivial Library CAIRO
BY
STANLEY LANE-POOLE, M.A.
AUTHOR OF THE CATALOGUES OF ORIENTAL AND INDIAN' COINS IN THE BRITISH MUSEUM AND IN THE BODLEIAN LIBRARY; "THE ART OF THE SARACENS IN EGYPT;"
"CAIRO : HISTORY, MONUMENTS AND SOCIAL LIFE;" " MOHAMMADAN DYNASTIES," "STUDIES IN A MOSQUE," ETC,
LONDON
BERNARD QUARITCH, 15 PICCADILLY
1897 LONDON TKINTED BY GILBERT AND RIVINGTON, LTD.
ST. John's iiousk, clekkenwell, e.c. PREFACE
The collection of Arabic coins, numbering some three thousand pieces, preserved in the Khedivial Library at Cairo, was formed by the late Edwai'd Thomas Eogera
during his long official residence in Egypt, and was purchased from his executors in November, 1884, by the Egyptian Government, on the recommendaffon of H.E. Yacoub Artin Pasha, Under-Secretary of the Ministry of Public Instruction, himself a numismatist of distinction. A certain number of specimens found in Egypt have since been added, but these constitute an inconsiderable fraction of the whole collection.
Edward Thomas Rogers began his official career in the British Consular service in Syria, and afterwards was appointed Consul at Cairo. He then entered the Egyptian service, and became the accredited Agent of H.H. the Khedive Isma'il in England. Returning to
Cairo, he held posts first in the Ministry of Public Instruction, and later in that of the Interior. He will, however, be remembered especially for his labours and researches in the province of Saracenic or Mohammadan archaeology. An accomplished Arabic linguist, he took a keen interest in evej-ything relating to the history, art, and antiquities of the Mohammadan East, and especially of Cairo. He was one of the leading and most energetic members of the Commission for the Preservation of the Monuments of Arab Art, which owed its existence in a large degree to his efforts. The
rf~vrT»*ns /t r^jT^ via PREFACE
Egyptian Institute also received his warm support, and
it was before this society that he developed his original and important researches in the then almost untouched subject of Saracenic heraldry. He was one of the first to investigate the history and uses of Arabic Glas3 Weights, of which he possessed a fine collection (now in the Khedivial Library), which he described and illus- trated in the Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society. His constant exploration of the monuments of Cairo resulted
in valuable discoveries, such as that of the tombs of the later 'Abbiisid Caliphs, and some of these he published in English periodicals. But Arabic numismatics was perhaps his most absorbing study, and his papers in the Numismatic Chronicle and the Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society materially advanced our knowledge of this branch of science. It was an appreciable loss to the study of Saracenic archaeology when, in the midst of his varied labours, Eogers Bey was cut off at the age of 53 on the 10th of June, 1884. The following Catalogue was undertaken at the invi- tation of the Egyptian Government, and necessitated two visits to Cairo, in the summer of 1895 and the winter of
1896-7. The system adopted is practically the same as in my Cataloyue of Oriental Coins in the British Museum, but the transliteration of Arabic names is that used m my tables of TJiC Muhammadan Dynasties. The only detail in this which requires explanation is the use of an italic I in al when the article precedes one of the shamsiya consonants, to which the I is of course assimilated.
Thus Ai-Kashld is to be pronounced Ar-Rashld. The point () in such names as Al-Mu"ayyad indicates a medial hamza j but the initial and final hamza, and the final (iuflectional) //, 5 (or td marhuta) in such names as Al-B Every final a in this Catalogue implies S^, unless it has the long mark, a. On the other hand, the final radical li, 0, is always retained. In the names of well-known cities still in existence, the ordinary English spelling is adopted, but the Arabic form is added on the first occurrence of the name, as Aleppo (Halab). The special strength of the collection lies in the series of coins of the Omayyad and ^Abbasid Caliphs, and naturally in the issues of the various Egyptian dynasties, Tuluuids, Ikhshidids, Fatimids, Ayyubids, and Mamlnks, and of the Cairo mint under the 'Othmanli Sultans. In all these the Cairo cabinet does not fall very far short numerically of the great collections of London and Paris. In some cases it even excels them. For example, the Cairo series of coins of the Omayyad and 'Abbasid Caliphs numbers 902, to 1052 in the British Museum ; the Cairo Tuluuids are 34, to 25 in the British Museum ; and the Cairo Fatimids are 335, to 290 in the British Museum. For purposes of comparison, references have been given to the Catalogues of the British Museum or of the Bibliotheque Nationale (so far as the latter had been printed when this Catalogue was written) whenever coins in the Cairo cabinet are practically identical with those in the London or Paris collections ; and it will be seen that a very considerable number of pieces described in this volume are not represented in either. Many of these merely supply new dates or mints, but others present details of greater historical interest. The dirhani no. 368 shows the very rare mint Kasr-a?-Salam, a mere castle close to AZ-Eakka. No. 553 presents the earliest occurrence of a mint-name on a dinar, occurring in an almost unique position, beneath the obverse area, instead of in the margin. It is remarkable that of six h X PREFACE coius of the scarce Caliph al-Mu'tasim, only one is duplicated in the British Museum, and none at Paris. The dinar no. 619 with the mint Bahrayn beneath the rev. is unique. No. 640 is one of the half-dozen coins so far known of the dynasty of the Sajids. The first two dinars of the Fatimid Al-Mu'izz present features of unusual interest : the first has the mint-name Misr {i.e. al-Fustat), a.h. 341, though Egypt was not con- quered till a.h. 858; the second is remarkable for two marginal inscriptions containing religious formulae which occur at no other time. No. 1268 adds another to the scanty list of coins struck in the name of " the Expected Imam" or Mahdi. The collection also possesses the earliest known coin of the Murabit Yusuf b. Tashfin, some rare issues of Samanid usurpers, unique or very rare specimens of the 'Okay lids, Karmatids, Hasnaway. hids, Mirdasids, Hamdanids, etc. But it is needless to multiply instances : a study of the Catalogue will show that the Cairo cabinet of coins has ample justification for taking its place beside the important collections of Europe. For the history and genealogy of the various dynasties, I must refer the student to my Mohammadan Dynasties (Constable, 1892). I must express my sincere thanks to H.E. Yacoub Artiu Pasha for the facilities he has kindly given me in every way in the preparation of this work, in which he has throughout taken a special interest ; and also to Professor Dr. B. ^foritz, Director of the Khedivial Library, for many maiks of courtesy and attention. STANLEY LANE-POOLE. C. C. ('., OxFoiiD, Mai/, 1897. CONTENTS CONTENTS PAGE PAGE Seljuk Dynasties 340-2 Ishfik . 331 Mikfi-il 332 Great SeljCks 340 Nasr II. Tiighril-Beg Nuh I. Alp-Arslan . Null II. Mohammad . Mansur Seljl'k of Kirman GUAZNAWIDS 333 Turin Shah Mabmud Seljuks of 'Irak 341 Mas'ud Mas'ud Am Ik al-Umara Sulayman Shjih 342 Bajkam Seljuks of Rum BUWAYHIDS Sulayman i. Mu'izz-aZ-dawla Kay-Kubad I. *Izz-aZ-dawla Kay-Khusm ii. 'Adud-a/-dawla Kay-Kawus ii. Sliaraf-aZ-dawla 334 Sons of K.-Kbu8i Balia-a/-dawla Kilij-Arslan iv. Hasnawayhid . 335 Kay-Khusru iii. Badr . Mas'ud II. . Syria and Mesopotamia Atabegs, etc. 3435 (ARAB period) 336-9 OrTUKTDS of KaYFA AND Hamdaxids . 336 Amid 343 Nilsir- and Sayf-a/-dawla Sukman II. . Abu-l-MaTili and Abu-1- Mali mud Hasau Ortukids of MakidIn Karmatid 337 Timurtash . b. . -Hasan Ahmad >) Alpi . MiKDASID Il-Ghazi II, . Sal ill b. Mirdas . Yuluk-Arslan 'Okaymd 338 Oitiik-Arsh'iQ b. Mohammad Safwaii >> -Sa'id Ghazi 344 Mauwanids 330 Zangids of -Mosil -Hasan Kiitb-aZ-dli) Modud M umahhid-a/-dawla Sayf-a7-din Ghazl il. Na.sr-a/-da\\hi 'Izz-a/-din Mas'ud i. OMAYYAD CALIPHS OMAYYAD CALIPHS A.H. 41—132 = GGl—750 a.d. A.ll, A.D. 41 Mo'awiya I b. Abl-Sufyaii . . . 661 GO Yazld 1 b. Mo'awiya . . . . 680 64 Mo^avviya ii b. Yazid .... 683 G4 Marwan i 683 65 'Abd-al-malik b. Marwin . . .685 86 Al-Walid i b. 'Abd-al-malik . . . 705 96 Sulayman b. 'Abd-al-malik . . . 715 99 'Omar b. 'Abd-al-'Aziz . . . . 717 101 Yazld II b. 'Abd-al-malik . . .720 105 Hisbfun b. 'Abd-al-mabk . . . . 724 125 Al-Walid II b. Yazid . . . .743 126 Yazid III b. al-Walid . . . . 744 126 Ibrahim b. al-Walid . . . .744 127 Marwan ii 744 —132 —750 O M AYYAD CALIPHS Yeau gold* of the Hijra 77 1 Obv. ^)l aJI -N) Margin 0-i^3 l^J*-v'W a^^-j' <*"^J' J^'-'J ^^-o-**"* Rev. AJD) J.D.I aJLJI Margin >».-«w *Uw ^9 j"»:!«>^' '*>* ^r!/-^ **^^' -«*-^ iV 4-27 grammes BM i, It * The Omayyad Caliphs did not put their names on their gold or silver coins, and it is therefore needless to divide the coinage under the heads of their several reigns; indeed, some of the coins might belong to either the last year of one Caliph or the first year of his sucoessor. In this section of the Catalogue, the gold coins (J.Tdar, plur. dandnlr) are arranged consecutively through the whole duration of the Omayyad dynasty. The inscriptions of the dinars are identical throughout, -with the exception of the date; and only such numerals (e.g. ,j~i, ^:-^, ii*) will be printed in Arabic as present unusual or ancient spellings (i.e. not ^^\, or j^UJ, or sJU), or are open to mistaken readings. Diacritical points occurring on the coins are noted, because in this early period they have a palaeographic importance. The only inscriptions which difl'er from the normal type printed in full for no. 1 are those of the half-diuars {na.sf) and quarter-dlnfirs (ruh^): these are deFcribed as they occur. The rest are understood to pre- cisely resemble 1. t The reference BM is to the Catalogue of Oriental Coins in the British ihiseum, by S. Lane-Poole, 6 vols., and Additions thereto, 2 vols. ; P refers to the Catalorjae des Monnaies musithnanes de la Bihliothe'iuc Hutionale, at J'aris, by II. Lavoix, 2 vols. omayyad caliphs—gold 5 Year 2 78 Same as preceding, but date i>*a*«*'j ^;jW ^-^ ^s N' 4-27 BM i, 2 3 79 y^^»«»w3 &M^ Am/ j-S " * "^^ iV 4-27 C BM i, 3 4 ^**«' 80 O"!?**"*" 1 <' ^ 4-25 BM i, 4 5 ^'^ 81 0<*«''3 L^*^*-' (j-9 is henceforth omitted before a-w) iV 4-25 BM Add. i, 4» 6 82 io-i^) Points jk)^ iV 4-17 BM i, 5 83 BM i, 6 — 6 OilAYTAD CALll'lIS GOLD Year 13 89 Points j-JJ^JI ' jr 1-28 BM i, 11 14 90 i^a^"^ ^'^'-' Point wJjkO iV 4-20 KM i, 12 15 Point above rev., and *-j^^ iV 4-27 omattat) caliphs oolb 7 Year 21, 21a 94 Third-dinar {thultli) aJLJI -s) Margin jjaw.)l ^j-a^ (J'J^v'W ^J^-y' aJ^' J>-!; J^***^ Rev. aJDI ~~.j .11 Margin ^^a^jj «.jjl «1.;mi w«X*)i tjjk w»/-i i A^ 1-42 BM i, 17 22 95 BM i, 18 BM i, 19 OMATTAD CALIPHS—GOLD fEAR OMITYAD CALIPHS—GOLD Year 10 12 OMAYl'AD CALIPHS— SILTEil Year al)l j^^^r.^ Margin JiaJ! ^jJij ^J"->'vJ^' ^ 2-73 67 105 Adharbayjan* Like 66f Ai*_5 o-s*- ^-^ but mint and date ^^j— O^'^'-O^ • 68 90 Ardashir Khurra+ ^;XW CUW ^9 Sj.i. ^AW^jL) M 2-o7 HM i. ^4 69 97 iW a-82 P i. 371 70 103 Armenia § P i, 420 * I.e. pi-obably Ardabll, the old capital of this province, afterwards Buporseded by Marfigha. t The Omayyad dirhams being as a rule precisely alike in the general inscriptions, only the varying mint and date will be recorded. X I.f- Jur, afterwards Flruzfibad, the chief town of this district. § The old capital was Dabil (Dawln), but Kbilfit and Tiflis afterwards became the capitals of Outer and Inner Armenia resi:)ectivcly. oma.yyad caliphs—silter . 13 Yeau 71 91 Istakhr 14r . omattad caliphs—silveb Yeah 83 101 4t«3 l^«X»-l A-*- M 2 80 BM i, 67 84 90 Bihkubadh al-Asfal JK 2-63 P i, 247 16 OMATYAD CALIPHS—SILVER fKAR OMAYYAD CALIPHS — SILTEE 17 Year 18 OMAYYAl) CALIPHS SILVER fEAE OMAYTAT) CALIPHS—SILTER 19 ITeae BM i, 124 20 OMAYYAl) CALIPHS— SILVER Year 140 96 Al-Furat* M 2-55 141 90 Kirman -ai 1-80 omayyat) caliphs— silver 21 Year 149 108 Al-Mubaraka M 2-63 p. BM i, 155 150 117 22 omayyab caltphs— stlveb Year 159 93 Nahr-Tira M 2-30 160 90 Herat 161 omayyad caliphs—silver 23 Yeab 177-81 93 M 2'86 BM i, 170 182—7 94 M 2-72 — 184 twice p. BM i, 180 188—90 95 jR 2"86 BM i, 181 191—3 96 M 2-87 p. BM i, 182 194 97 JH, 2-50 BM i, 183 195 M 2-55 BM i, 184 BM i, 186 BM i, 187 BM i, 188 BM i, 189 BM i, 190 24 OMAYYAD CALIPHS—SILVER 25 Year BM i, 200 BM i, 201 BM i. 202 224 121 aS^j CHJ""**^ ^^«^'*'' ^*'-' M 2-85 BM i, 203 225, 226 122 A^j ^yjj,^^ ^^mj\ aj,^ M 2 80 BM i, 204 2G 'ABBASID CALIPHS ABBASID CALIPHS A.H. 132—656 = 75d—12»S ajbl - ^ : ( ao ) A.H. A.D. 329 Al-MuttakI 94u 333 Al-Mustakfl . 944 334 Al-Muti' 940 3G3 A?-T;V1' 974 381 Al-Kfulir . 991 422 Al-Ka'iin 1031 467 Al-Muktadi 1075 487 Al-Musta?hir . 1094 512 Al-Mustarshid 1118 529 AZ-Easliid 1135 530 Al-Muktafi 1136 555 Al-Mustanjid 1160 666 Al-MustadI . 1170 575 A/-Xasii" 1180 622 A/-Zahir . 1225 623 Al-Mustaii?ir . 1226 640 Al-Musta'siin 1242 —656 -1258 I. A^-SAFFAH A.H. 132—136 = 749—754 ,i.d. GOLD* Ykar 247 133 Obv. -s)! cuJt -N) Margin C>rt^3 l£^v^^^ AA.«.;t aX)! J^->^j J^«-a>-^ Key. ji<. a*.^ J3 ^J aA )t Margin w*-lj iiJw; j-oJ*JI tJJk V^-^ *^" ^**-^ N i-n BM Add. i, ('Al)b.) 1» P i, 56 BM i, 2 * The 'Abbasid gold coins do not bear the name of any Caliph before al-Am7n, nor the silver before al-Mahdi. The coins of the terminal years between two Caliphs may therefore as a rule be attributed to either of them. 'ABBASID caliphs—Ai-SAFFAH. S I L V E li Year 250 136* Al-Basra Obv.t ^j\ aJI ^ Margin a;.w Sj.«ftJlj ^^jjJI IJjk «-J;-c> aX)! ^.^—j Kev. jk^ -fc ^ J> -'J aJ n Margin C>i^3 i^^v^^ aA—jI aJI)1 J^j j^^s^^ ^l 2 96 BM i, 32 251 132 Al-Kufa 34 'abbasid caliphs ^EAE AL-MANSUB 35 36 'abbasid caliphs Year AL-MANSUR 37 Year 293 137 Al-Klifa '^3 lV)iaaAJ> J^"^ Aw di9^xly Like 250 lA 278 BM Add. i. 57^ 294 139 Like 250 : point beneath rev. M, 2 28 BM i, 58 295 140 Like 250 : two jioints beneath rev. M 290 BM i, 50 296 142 (Ch^-^l) Like 250: /. beneath rev. BM i, 62 BM i, 63 BM i, 64 BM i, 65 BM Add. i, 661 BM i, 66 38 'abbasid caliphs Yeae 302—304 148 Al-Mohammadiya* Like 289 2-91 i, M ; 290 BM 49 305 149 Like 281) M 200 306—310' 149 Like 289 : but above rev. ^, beneath c JR 2-91 BM i, 50 BM i, 51 39 BM i, 70 BM i, 71 BM i, 72 BM i, 73 BM i, 74 BM i, 75 BM i, 76 333 157 Like 329 : point above rev. 2-81 M BM i, 77 334 Like 329 : but beneath rev. 158t ^j j ^ M 2-86 BM i, 80 * The form ^;;~::Sl has now definitely taken the place of ^^f^, and only exceptions will be noted, t This is the terminal year between al-Mansur and al-Mahdl ; but this coin is ascribed to the former becanse al-Mahdl placed his own name on his silver coinage. II I. AL- MAHDI A.H. 158—169 = 775—785 a.d. GOLD. Year 335 168* Ai.«5 ^A*»-o^3 C^^ ^*'*' Like 247 : but point . J^wj N 4-23 AL-MAHBT 41 Year 42 'AB15ASID CALIPHS SILVER Year 352 161 Armenia ^ 2-92 BM i, 89 353 168 Like 352 : but beneath rev., instead of crescent, M 2-75 BM i, 92 354 168 Afrikiya llev. j^jk^^Jl AftJlaJI JR 270 BM i, 94 ; AL-MAHDI 43 Yeae 357 167 Eev. ^JJ^\ aiJLaJI ^ 2-90 358—360 162 Madina Jayy Like 352 : but beneath rev. t**^^ M 2-80 BM i, 101 361 159 Al-'Abbasiya Rev. ~>^ J 5 ' d_Ji ) I .ai 2 50 P i, 706 362 160 Like 361 3-05 M BM i, 104 363 a 162 Like 361 : but instead of ^ M 2-93 BM i, 105 364 164 Like 363 M 2-60 BM i, 108 • YazTd b. Ilatim, governor of Afrikiya, a.h. 154—170 (771—780). 44 'abbasid caliphs 165 46 'abbasid caliphs Year 393 169 Harunabad Rev. 3uJ,^j\ * u*<^ (or ^j,*..*.) M 2-65 BM Add. i, 132" 394 168 Al-Yamama Eev. aJJI jk-c dWl J3-WJ J^-o*^ Two points beneath obv. * This word, if read o^> 'army,' might be connected with s~-rtjl above rev., to denote that the piece was Btrnck for the pay of the troops in Armenia. Stickel, however, takes the name to stand for al-IIasan b. Kahtaba, governor of Armenia: but the omission of al requires explanation. See Tiesenhausen, Monn. dcs Khalifes, nos. 844,845,1051. IV. AL- H AD 1 V. A^-RASHID A.H. 170—193 = r^O—.^09 A.D. GOLD Tear 398, 399 170 a1«3 o^js-— iiw Like 247 : bat btjneath rev. j^jJ^* BM i, 135 Jt' -l^i ; 399 is clipped. 400 171 Like 247: but beneath rev. ^^y» y 4-25 BM i. 142 401 172 Xo name beneath rev. /,' 406 (cUpped) BM i, 143 AZ-EASHiD 49 Year 408 174 Beneath rev. i^l^ A^ 4-25 410 175 Beneath rev. y^y^ 177 50 'abbasit) caliphs [RXTl 52 'abbasid caliphs fEAH X 54 'ABBASID CALIPH8 Year 449 188 Like 445 M 2'94 BM i, 174 450 rev. ^Xt and ^ 189 Like 445 ; but above and beneath instead of' ^ and p-j M 2-97 ^ BM i, 175 190 451 Kev. • M 2-55 P i, 787 452 193 Kev. C A— W M 453 190 A/-Rafika Like 250 : beneath rev. j M 2-43 BM Add. i, 1751' 454 179 Madina Zaranj A^-e^ j^*a*w )t,*~.) A^~; p^jj **^ -X^ Kev. >A3i». ^U.^ AJit a).) I ( m 202 ^- Aj:-RASH!n 55 Year 455 A^^ ^j.*A^J ^•»*>' 180 ^^)} *^i-'^•»:' Like 454: butjAJw^ beneath rev., nothing above. -SI 277 BM i, 176 456 184 Like 454 : but above rev. ^Xt ; beneath a&^j ^ M 2-90 C"' 457 185 Like 456 -51 2-75 BM i, 178 458 187 Like 454 : but above rev. ^JLc ; beneath, M 2-70 BM i, 179 459 : 192 Like 454 but above rev. Sl^jA ; beneath, ^aJI M 2-88 460 193 Madina Samarkand Like 250 : but beneath rev. aj^-o-** .51 2-8.S BM i, 181 461 177 ? Al-'Abbasiya Like 250 : but above rev. l^j ; beneath, j>jJji M 2-95 ^ 462 : rev. beneath, Year obscure above j^ ^J ; Jj >jjj M 2-41 BM i, 185 56 'abbasib caltpHkS Yeah 463 174 Al-Mubaraka : rev. beneatli, !==*.> Like 250 above ^ ; M 2-7S 464 107 Al-Mohammadiya Rev, L»..« J^- m 2-75 465 170 Like 464: but Rev. L** aA)I ^L^ aJ13I i, 188 jB, 2-75 BM 466 171 Like 465 M 2-^5 WM i, 189 ^n/t / A.\ 467 172 (c>r^O i{ev. Ojlft. ^3—«jj .^-o- ^-^ JR 2-73 BM i, 191 ; AA-KASHlU 57 Year 408 172 Like 467 : but ^j.*^\ ', and above rov. Ojl». beneath, • Jmoa)! • -31 4-67 469 172 Rev. like 465, but above and beneath — 2-95 M BM i, 190 470 173 Like 469 : but above rev. ijia^ ; beneath, tj^yf M 2-96 p. BM i, 193 471 175 Like 464 : but ^X^jj transferred to third line of rev. ; notliing above ; beneath, J^ijji M 2-95 BM i, 195 472 180 Rev. « «< < s>.^ J 3 J »X — ,J^^*M|^A**j)t Aj> ja\ U-* aX)I " M 2-cO p. Pi, 816 473, 474 180 Rev. 3 M 2-8B: 2-55 BM i, 198 BM i, 197 1 58 'ABBASIB CALIPHS Yeak 47G—478 .". 182 Like 473 : but above rev. ; beneath ^iax*. 60 'abbasid caliphs Year 497 182 Like 491 M 2-97 ids 183 Like 491 499 Like 491 SCO Like 491 501—503 az-uashId 01 i'ear BM i, 225 ilM i, 228 : VI. AL- AM I N A.ii. 193—198 = 809—813 a.d. GOLD Tkae 620 194 4X«3 ^*aw33 «jjt 4^ Rev. J3 'J " iV 4-2S BM i, 232 521 195 Like 520 but above rev. AiJLsiJt beneath rev. ^j-;-«*i)I N 4-15 BM i, 233 522 197 Like 520 : but above rev. aAJI ^,Jj beneath, O^*^' iV 1-13 523 198 Like 520 : omitting aa-JLsJI N 1-1 ti AL-AMiN 63 SILVER YiSAB 524 194 Madlna Bukhara Rev. aJL) ^A^«^^l ^A^t ^^J di^^\ JkAC Point beneath obv. 2-77 M BM Add. i, 235^ 525 194 Madlna Balkh Like 524 .51 2-98 BM Add. i, 237^ 64 'abbasiu CALipns Year VII. AL-MA"MUN A.H. 198*—218 = 813—833 a.d. GOLD NO NAME OF MINT Year 534 Beneath obv. ^Lc G6 'abbasid caliphs Year ; AL-MA'MUN G7 Yeae 548 207 Like 544 : but obv. and rev. margins transposed, and additional outer obv. margin '^^^ O-'^S ^ 4-21 BM i, 259 549 208 {Oi^l<) Like 546 iV 4-25 BM i, 260 550 209 (o-s^*) Like 546 iV 4-22 . P i, 881 551 210 \i)-t^^3 ojJi>c fl^w Like 548, with outer margin. iV 4-01 WITH MINT-NAMES. 552 199 Al-'Irak Beneath obv. ^tj.«3t Rev. like 540, adding > beneath 4-16 ^ BM i, 249 553 198* Madinat-a/-Salam Beneath obv. jb%^\ axjj,^ Eev. aJIJ kX—.fr . .a^...^ A_A Jl Margin begins ^«;*'jJI O"**"/'' aAJI ^--j AT" 4-00 * The earliest occurrence of a mint-name on an 'Abbasid dinar but it does not occur in the marginal date inscription. 68 'abbastd caliphs Yeae 554) Like 548, with outer margin N 4-23 555 199 Misr (Egypt) Beneath obv. ^^Ja«J («»c) Rev. ^^*^«;L;j.)l ji A_Jl )l 200 I AL-MA-MtJN 69 Year 559 202 s^i^'^^B CJ'^ aXm) j*AfiJ Like 557 iV 3-68 BM i, 266 (with al-maghbib) 560 203 L^i**^3 WaaJ ii.mt f^A^J Beneath obv. w>jAioJI Rev. j&\.i9 aJLJ J^—a^^ J$ -y A.\ J AT 4-20 p. BM i, 267 561 204 O'-'^J ?^^)^ ^^ j"^^^ Like 560 N' 4-30 BM i, 268 (without al-magheib) 562 209 Like 535 : but beneath obv. (^j.«Jl ^>J aX)) j^**c N 4-15 BM i, 269 563 202 Al-Maghrib \C*mJi\ ^yws^a ^aaaJI A Beneath obv. ^jit^S liev. J-.iuAJl aJU " i^^ 3-90 BM i, 252 70 'abbasid caliphs Yeab 564 205 0'?f**'*s ^,^|fr^ A.«*j Beneath obv. ^j3t^\ Rev. j.aI__J9 a-J. ) J 5 ^-j d Jl It ^ 4-22 BM i, 256 SILVER 565 197 Madina Ispahan Rev. AL-MA"MUN 71 Yeae 568 201 Like 5G7 : two points beneath rev. M 2-90 BM i, 278 569 198 Al-Basra Like 567 M 2-90 570 197 Madina Samarkand Rev. aJi) jR 3-25 72 'abbasid caliphs Year 575 206 Al-Knfa Eev. aJU A_X ) I Outer obv. marg. .iJI ^«o*^)t aX) jR 3-02 576 197 Al-Mohammadiya Rev. like 567 : but beneath vezir's name M 2-40 AL-MA"MUN 78 Year 579a 196 Madina Herat A^^^ ^^K«~J« vJ^aj dlAW 6\j.tb AXj^^j Kev. aXJ ^.«. Stm.^ J 3 '; aJL !l M 2-45 580 199 4^-«j ^aXmJ^ %,^ Beneath obv. ^j.^)l Rev. like 567 M 3-20 VIM. AL-MU'TASIM A.H. 218—227 = 838—842 a.d. GOLD Year 581 225 Al-Mohammadiya Outer obv. marg. ^)l j.^'^\ aXJ Rev. aX) J> "J A X 15 iV 4-05 p. 582 222 Madinat-a/-Salam Like 581* iV 4oa 583 226 Merv jJ_^*JJl,«^ ^Jj^^^ C^~i A*~i 3^.«-:' Like 581 A^ -i-ll * Heuceforwai'd almost all the coins have the additional outer obv. i-ev. consists of the nsual "prophetic marg. inscr. Jl^^' ^ ; and the mission," with «U above, and the name of the caliph beneath. Only deviations from this arrangement will in future be recoi-ded in the 'Ablj;i8id series. al-mu'tasim 75 SILVER "i^KAR 584, 585 222 Damascus Like 581 JJ 2-79 586 226 Madinat-aZ-Salam Like 581 2"^2 ^ BM Add. i, 311'' IX. AL-WATHIK A.H. 227—232 = 842—847 a.d. GOLD Yeah 587 227 Misr Beneath rev. a^IW cP'V BM i, 313 iV 4-21 588 232 Ch;*^^'*3 O"**^^ O****^' **^*' j^^^ 937 AT 4-07 P '. SILVER 589 229 Ispahan Like 587 M 2'82 (formerh- ringed) 590 227 Madinat-a/-Salam Like 587 jR 2-8o BM Add. i. 315' al-tvathik 77 Year 591 M (twice pierced) BM Add. i, SIS'* 592 226 Misr Like 587 .21 250 X. AL-MUTAWAKKIL A.H. 232—247=847—861 a.d. GOLD 598 246 Merv Beneath obv. AX)b j;ji.<>J) Beneath rev. ^r 4-18 594 238 Misr Beneath obv. aX)1 jk*c ^jI Beneath rev. aX)I ^^Xc J,&^*^JI A' 3-68 P i, 951 Yeak XII. AL-MUSTA'IN A.n. 248—251=862—860 a.u. XIII. AL-MU'TAZZ A.H. 251—255 = SG6—SG9 a.d. a LD Year 605 253 Samarkand y^AjL«^ jj_j^— ^».j c^Xj AU*rf j,3j.^^j Beneath rev, d.klij j..a_a^1 ^ 4-05 BM i, 312 SILVER GOG 251 Surra-man-ra-a C>«*^^3 O"!?**'*'^^ L^-^*"' ^^ cS'j O"* J^^ Like 605 BM i, 317 GOT No Mint or Date * Ohv. ^\ aJI ^) A-k ) t aJLJ! d\Jk.A Rev. ^J^-w^ ^.^.a»..« A_A ) I M 2'80, v€'i-y small size, p. * The absence of mint and date, the unusual benedictory formula, and the small size of this dirhem are noteworthy. U XV. AL-MU'TAMID A.H. 256—279 = 870—892 a.d. AL-MU^TAMID 83 Yeab 611 261 Surra-man-ra-a jj^ijLo^ 0'**~'_5 j^oXft-l AXmt ^Ij f^^ j,^j Beneath obv. >**»» Beneath rev. aAJI ^Xc jk^;»^)t iV -i-n p. 612 268 Samarkand Like 60s A^ ^-23 p. BM Add. i, 3541 613 270 Like 608 A^ 4-20 614 258 Madinat-aZ-Salam Like 611 : beneath caliph's name, -d A' 4-40 p. p i, I0i3 615 267 Like 608 A^ 3-71 BM i, 360 616 259 Misr Like 611 : beneath cahph's name, j N 4'2o P i, 1021 84 'aB BASIC CALIPHS Yeae 617 260 Like Gil : letter obliterated beneath rev. A^ 4- 15 BM i, 365 <;18 263 Like Cll : no letter. jr Pi, 1022 618a 273 No Mint indicated. Like 608 N 1-18 618b 275 Like 611 : but beneath caliph'.s naine^ A' -I-CX) 618c 281 C>s*^^'*3 C>**<-'3 i^J^^' ^^~' Like preceding: date postlnnnous 3-iKi N' J). ei9 261 Bahrayn ^*Ai>V»e^ 0'i***'3 ^"^^' ^~' (Mint in marg. obliterated) * Like 611 : but beneath calijjh's name, ^j>a^j A' 3 9 * Rogers read this word, erroneously, jj^'. Lavoix read ^Jl^ ? on a coin (P. 1020) struck in 258 at Misr ; but his plate shows a mint •^.fl*; apparently. AL-MUTAMID 85 SILVER Year 620 267 SiuTa-man-ra'a '^^ O'^^J i^-^j ^t—' c5'j O"* /""t" Bentath obv. <:OJI ^!l ^^a^I Beneath rev. aJJI ,i£ j^>l3i<,)l c -S i-?-* P i, 1031 621 266 Madinat-a'-Salani Like 60S S. 2- 75 BM Add. 375* 62La 2|^4 Nasibin Like G20 Jl 305 XVI. AL-MU'TADID A.H. 279—289 = 892—902 a.d. GOLD Ykar 622 286 Aleppo Beneath rev., aXJIj jk-flu*o.)t A' 3'56 623 281 AZ-Hafika iJj-i-^^3 O-s^-o^J iS*^^^ ^***' ^*^'j>'W Like 622 N' 4-25 8 I L V E K 624 288 Al-Basra Like 622 I M 3-40 al-mu'tadid 87 Yeab 625 288 Surra-man-ra-a jJ^ajI^j ^s^-frj^ O^*-* **'^ c^b O"** >*"^ Like 622 M 3-00 626 286 Madmat-a/-Salam Like 622 jR 3-00 BM 1, 388 627 284 Wasit Like 622 M 2'00 BM i, 391 628 289 Like 622 M 2-65 P i, 1072 XVII. AL-MUKTAFI A.ii. 289—295 = 902—908 a.p. GOLD Yeak 629 294 Kumm j^iSLej ^j^x^^ 9.Jj\ ii*j ^^J Beneath rev,, dAJlj j,A;;:jC«Jt J^r 4-61 P i, 1076 630 292 Misr Like 629 N' i-2\ P i. 1077 7 AL-MUKTAFi 89 Yeak silver 634 292 Al-Kufa Like G29 M ^l•^ (i3.-i 290 Madinat-al-Salam Like 029 M 153 BM i, 401 636, 637 291 Beneath obv. di^j.]\ ^\^ Beneath rev. aXJIj ^_ft;;C.o.n M •••(•I BM i, 10:; 638 Like 629 M 2-92 p., formerly ringed BM i, -Wi 639 295 Al-Mosil Like 629 XVI I I. AL-MUKTADIR A.H. 295—320 = 908—932 a.u. GOLD Ye ATI 640 316 Ardabil Beneath obv. ^j ,.j«»L*JI ^jI Beneath rev. d JJb jj^-2 5.<.JI N' 3-18 641 3G0 Harran All :Ij jj. a^ ^tj,atoiJ Points above and beneath obv. Beneath rev., aJUIj jJua.^)! N^ ;Mn 642 301 Damascus Beneath obv. ^^j ,,^1*31) I ^^1 Beneath rev. aX)Ij jJ»,*a<^I * Al-Fath b. Mohammad al-Afshin was the fourth and last of the petty dynasty of the Sajids who governed Adharbijfin under the caliphs from 266 to about 318. AL-MUKTADIR 91 Year 643 312 iSl^iUj Sj.L£- ^wl iUw J^jw Like 642 A' l-ll 644 300 A/-Rafika Like 642 ^ i-G6 645 311 Suk-al-Ahwaz Like 642 A' 4-00 646 316 Like 642 A' f25 BM Add. i, ilO"^ 647 310 San'a Eeneath rev. A^ 1'90 small size 648 301 Filastin (Palestine)* Like 642 A" 3-90 * r.e. the capital of the Jnnd or military district called Filastin, which was at this time aNRamla. 92 'ABBASID CALIPH3 Yeah 649 307 Like 642 N 4-29 650 * 301 Kumm ? Like 642 651 312 Al-Mohammadiya Like 642 ^ I-IO BM Add. i, 118" 652 305 Madinat-aZ-Salam Like 642 : but adding d bencatli rev. A^ 3-8t> BM Add. i. Hi)-? 65.S 306 Like 6:.2 iV .1 7f' li.\l Add. i, -ill)'' 654 296 Misr Like 647 .iV 4-00 BM Add. i, llO" * Farah, This mint was read »J, by fiogers ; but this is certainly a mistake. On the other hand, it may not be ICumm, as the name is written difiereutly from that on the undoabted Ktimm coin of 294. 94 'abbasid caliphs Year 661 312 ^ 115 P i, 1143 320 AL-MFKTADIR 95 Year 671 302 Surra-man-ra*a ^l^XL)^ O'S**"'' ^'^ L^'l) c>* J'^'^ Like 642 M 2-78 P i, 1IB2 96 'ABBASID CALIPHS Year 678 303 Like 612 : two points beneath rev. M 3-16 679, 680 304 Like 642 2-83, M broken ; 680 p. 306 312 315 XIX. AL-KAHIR A.H. 320—322 = 932—934 a.d. SILVER Year 688 321 Madlnat-aZ-Salaiu Beneath obv. ^j ^^^wUJI ^jI Beneath rev. aX)L» jaUJI ^ 2-58 BM i, -154 689 322 Obv. as 688 Rev. aJL) edit J^^j aJL_JLv jaI aJI aLJ\ ^j.J aJUI P i, 1228 690 322 Al-M6sil AjI^Xj^ O-ij-^^ (O-s*"^^' °'') L^«**'^ ^*' J-^^fr'W Like 689 .ai 3-50 double-struck 691 322 Nasibin Like 089 XX. AA-RADI A.H. 322—329 = 934—940 a.d. Ai-RADi 99 Year 703 327 Like 693 : but beneath obv., • ; beneath rev., ^ 3-30 ^ BM i, -400 100 'abbasid calipus Yeah 709 323 Surra-man-ra-a Like 693 464t M 3-66 BM Add. i, 710 327 Beneath obv. ^ J-ai)! ^jt Beneath rev. aJJL ^yoSjiS M 2-54 P i, 1242 711 322 Madinat-aZ-Salam Like 693 464i M 3-39 p. BM Add. i, 712, 713 323 Like 693 M 3-93 BM i, 465 2-70 714 324 Like 693 : but beneath caliph's name, ^ M 3-65 BM i, 466 715, 716 326 Like 714 Al BM i, 467 717 Same year : but obv. like 710 Ai 2-81 XXI. AL-MUTTAKI A.H. 329—333 = 940—944 a^. GOLD Year 725 329 Misr Beneath rev,, N^ 3-60 p. SILVER 726 329 Madinat-aZ-Salam Beneath obv. ^j.i j^-cu^ ^\ Beneath rev. aX) ^^a*,^)! M 3-82 BM i, 476 BM i, 477 XXXIV. AZ.-NASIR A.H. 575—622 = 1180—1225 a.d. GOLD Year 729 608 Madinat-a/-Salam aJI_JI •s)I aJI n) Outer Mar g. ^1 j^'N)! aJLJ Rev. dX) jL^^a,.)! 104 'abbasid caliphs Yeae XXXV. A^-ZAHIR A.n. 622—623 = 1225—1226 a.d. GOLD Yeab 740 622 Madinat-aZ-Salam Like 729 : but last lines of obv., iV 7'44 BM Add. i, 495" XXXVI. AL-MUSTANSIR A.H. 623—640 = 1226—1242 a.d. SILVER Year 741 638 Madinat-a^-Salam Obv. XXXVII. AL-MUSTA'SIM A.H. 640—656 = 1242—1258 a.d. GOLD Yeae 744 640 Madinat-aZ-Salam Obv. ^U-N)! aJUI aJ J. Rev. like 729 : but at bottom ^->^, and at sides jj3,£»^«i.^)l o^^y^ | N G-60 BM i, 0O3 108 'abbasid caliphs Year EARLY COPPER COINAGE I. BYZANTINE TYPE 756 Emesa Obv. Heraclius facing, throned, holding sceptre and orb At left aJLH yy^J At right A C O Eev. M surmounted by cross At left € M I At right CH[C] Beneath ^t*^ M BM Add. i, 16 757 Similar to 756 : but 111 ; inscription obliterated M 758 Obv. Emperor and son, standing, facing, each holding sceptre Between them aJUI Jj.wj Margin a) ^^i; ^) <»».j Rev. A cross on three steps, between stars Margin as on obv. 110 OMATTAD CALIPHS 759 Hims, Emesa Obv. Bust of Constans II., facing, holding orb At right u^-oA^ At left K A A O N Rev. like 756 : but lU , and above O * O instead of cross M BM Add i, 28 760 Iliya Filastin (Aelia, Jerusalem) Obv. Caliph standing facing, with hand on sword Around aJUI J^*.»j Rev. Ill ; at sides, ^JauJi Lbt M BM Add i, 34 761 Kinnasrin Obv. CaHph as 760 Around ^^<^^\ ^^^1 ^iXJL^Jt jk*c dM\ j^ Rev. (j) : at right ^jj.-Jaj at left s-ilj Margin «mi J>wj J^>.a»^ dj^&.^ aJIJI ^\ a)I '^ J& BM Add. i, m 762 Mint obliterated Obv. Caliph as 760 •^) Around aJL)! J^-y j^trst,^ Rev. II. 112 OMATTAD CALIPHS 803 Like 7G3 : crescent above aX)I on rev. BM i. c. 14 804 Obv. like 763 Kev. j>^^—^^ 4jl)t JUC JE BM i, c. 22 805, 806 Obv. -^I «iJI '^J Margin ^^^\ i^ii^ j^J^v^W <*^'^j^ <*-^" cJ>*0 Rev, t^-o^om^ A_JLJI Margin (^a^)! O-^a^ {JJ^^ aX^j\ 807 Obv. aXJI ^~.j Rev. J'-o =«~« A-JL )l Traces of marerin ; EARLY COPPER COINAGE 113 808, 809 Like 807 : but beneath obv., ornament between stars 810—822 Obv. aJU! ^.ff-u Rev. Around star, aJLJI yj^) J^«a»>« ffi BM i, c. 1 823—825 Like 763 : but star in middle of obv. rev. margin, \J\^ ^^\ji\ \jJt> wJj-o aJUI ^^^^ 826 Obv. A^j.) *s) Margin oj^o,^ [aJJI '^)I] a) I Rev. obliterated M III. WITH MINT, 827 Al-TTrdunn (Jordan district) Within a circle aJI *^ Rev. area J^.©.*^* A.Jl_)l Margin O^j'^W Vj^ '^'^ ^"^i M P 138» 114 OMAYYAU CALTPnS EARLY COPPER COINAGE 115 845 Misr : al-Iskandarlya ? Governor, 'Abd-al-malih b. Mar a- (In [lo2] Obv. area -^Vl Margin (J-»^^l j^\ 05j^ *''^" -^^ j"*' liev. area j.>cla and three obscui-o characters (oAI) Margin 05J^ CH *^«J' <>*^ j'**'!^' \S^i 15^ M Double-struck 846 Mint obliterated Obv. and rev. areas like 827 ; obv. margin obliterated Eev. margin 1 Ijjk Vj-*^ '*'^" yo-^i IV. WITH MINT AND DATE. 847 Wasit, 116 Obv. -N)! A)l -s) Eev. area jk.<>.3^..« J3 J Margin Ai»»i iawl^j j__;-.XfiJI 1>A -^^--i <*"^' ^o—:" JS P 1520 IIG OMAYYAB CALIl'lIS 848 Wasit, 123 Like 847 : but rev. margin 849 A/-Rayy, 130 Obv. I du j^\ l^o-o (^) ^^Lt . . . Kev. A__i !l ^_^_J wffi: COPPER COINS OF THE 'ABBASID GOVERNORS (A^-SAFFAH) 850, 851 'Ahd-al-malik h. Yazld [Misr, 133—136] Obv. I 'ill A)I ^) Margin j^j^ ^jj [JU^ll j^ap] j^'^\ aj ^^I l«-o Ilev. fcX^.^-0 A-X_JI Margin aL« «Wk '^j-^ (851 nearly obliterated) ^ P 1G22-4 (A L - M A N S R) 852 Hisham h. 'Amr [al-Mosil, 145 ff.] Obv. margin, in four segments, ali I 'i)l aJI *:) Within square d«X^j Eev. like 850 ['Ij] Margin ^j.<^c O-i^ J>^A, j.;.«'i!l >-»' ^ P 1G30 118 'ABBASID' caliphs—COPPER 853 ^Othnnn h. Ishdk, under Ja'far h. al-Mansur, al- Mosil [c. 150] Obv. aJI -n) aJLII n)I Margin jJ,*,3^^!L) o ,_^JLa!l o \JA o wJ/-« Kev. 5^_J *^ Margin j,JLfr v>j*'«5-o-)' j^\ O-i >»« ^ 5'89 P 1634 854 Al-Mahdl h. al-Mansiir, aZ-Rayy, 145 Obv. *^\ dJI -N) Margin aw ^>)^j ^_;«J.A)t !>* "--'j-'-s a-^" ^,«-~J Kev. • J>—'J d„Jl_U • ^Margin j*^\ ^j J>^a^< ^^^^.o-" <*-i j^^ U-« ^ 2-15 AL-MANSUR 119 855 No governor's name, Madinat-aZ-Salam Like 854 : but no obv. margin : above and beneath rev. ^i ; mint and date in rev. margin M 3-53 856— 857a Caliph's name, Madmat-a^Salam, 157 area .'. beneath Like 854; above rev. ; Jj^c ; Obv. margin ji^^)\ a^jj^^ ^_^AJI IJJk vj"^ ^-U' >o—:• Rev. margin ^^*,i^^^\ j*a\ a^)\ ji^ dM\ ^*c <*-ij»«\ W^ ^ BM i, c. 95 858 Al-Basra, Ixx Like 854 : no obv. margin Rev. mai'gin .... Sj. Aa.6« 859 Mint and date obliterated Like 854 : but rev. margin, aXM J^-wj «x«.a»..« (^aJ I ^ w>-<» 120 'abbasid caliphs—coppee (AL- M AH Dl) 860, 861 Caliph's name, al-Kufa, 163 Like 854 : no obv. margin ; beneath rev. JjkP ; Kev. margin ^^j.fj^^\ j.^a\ jL«.a»^ j^jk^,^! 4j j^\ l«-« m. BM i, C. 113 862 Like 860 : but beneath rev. a%j (?) M 863 [Ihrdh'm'] b. Sdlih, Misr, 167 Obv. hke 854 : but after date in margin, 01.0 ^j ; Rev. J>-^J a-o-s^"* No rev. margin 864 No governor's name, Madinat Amul, 168 Like 854 : no rev. margin ? A£-RASHiD 121. (A^-RASHl D) 865 'All h. al-Uajjdjf Kumis, no date Like 854 : but Obv. margin j^\ (Jjj.fti aJD) *x*c C>s*'*^<^'' Rev. margin ^JLc ,_^^^5,j j_;*.Jlftll IJk,* w>J"^ '*-^" >ff***^ 866 Caliph's name, a^Rafika, 189 .-. , Like 854 : but above rev. below J^fr ; Obv. margin iw diilj.3Li ^_^XiJI !,>& Vj"^ *'^^' vff**"^ aDI^^j Rev. mai'gin j-;.«l OA?* '*"^'' **"*^ ^^ >*' ^"^'^ ^ BM i, c. 128 867, 868 Damascus, 192 rev. Like 854 : uo obv. margin ; beneath 3 ; Rev. margin Aw ^^^j^^ ,^jJ^\ '-x* ^j'^ "^^^^ yt-^i ^ P 1580 li 122 'abbasid caliphs—coppee 869 Caliph's name ; mint and date obliterated Obv. like 854 ; no margin Rev. aj ji««I [^)~^ Margin obliterated JE 870 Mohammad [El-Amin], mint and date obliterated Obv. like 854 liev. •X^.c j-)^ aj j.^\ \^^ ^Nlarsjins obliterated (AL-M AM UN) 871 Hamadhan, 200 Like 854 : mint and date in obv. margin 872 ^linl obliterated, year 2,i;i' lieuealli rev. j.^\i AL-MUSTAT^SIB 123 873 'Isd b. Ma7isnr* Obv. obliterated Rev. j^^ai^ ^JJ\ ^^-^t^ L^J*d ^^ AL-MUSTANSIR 874—878 Madinat-aZ-Salam, year obliterated Like 741 ; obv. margin nearly obliterated J& BM i, c. 148 * This may be the 'Isa b. Mansur who was goveruor of Egypt in A.H. 216—217. See Tiesenhausen, Monn. des Khalifes Or., no. 2646. AGHLABIDS OF AFRlKlYA (TUNIS) AGHLABIDS A.M. 184—296 = 800-908 a.d. A.n. A.D. 184 Ibnihim I h. al-Aghlab . . . .800 lOG 'Abdallah i 811 201 Ziyadat-Allah i 816 223 Abu-Akfi! al-Aghlab . . . . 837 226 Mohammad i 840 242 Ahmad 856 249 Ziyadat-Allah ii 863 250 :\Iuhammad ir 864 201 Ibrahim II 874 289 'Abdallah ir 902 290 Ziyadat-Allfih ii . , . . . 903 —296 —908 II. 'ABDALLAH I. A.u. 190—201 = 811— 81G A.D. 111. ZIYADAT-ALLAH I. A.u. 201—223 = 816—837 a.d. GOLD Year 880 202 Like 879 : but beneath rev. aJUI S^bj instead of aJLII jk*c N 4-19 BM ii, 193 881, 882 204 Like 880 N 4-10 BM Add. ii. 192e 4-20 883 207 Like 880 : but beneath obv. « pointed) jjj.*— ; (^**«' A'' 3-36 p. BM Add. ii, 193J V. MOHAMMAD I. A.H. 226—242 = 840—856 a.d. GOLD Ykar 886 226 L'ke 879 : but beneath obv. »^Xa.* ; beneath rev. jk«a».« N -I-IO P ij, 8-13 887, 888 227 Like 886 N 4-19 889 232 Like 886 : omitting .^Xi. N' 4-11 890 Yeai' illegible :=> => instead of «^e Like 886 : but beneath obv. i N 4-09 names on * Eesearch has so far failed to identify this and similar governors. the Aghlabid coinage, representing, no doubt, local (129) VI. AHMAD A.H. 242—241) = 856-803 a.d. GOLD fEAR X IX. IBRAHIM II. A.Ti. 2G1— 289 = 874-902 a.d. GOLD Year 896 261 Like 879 : but beneath obv. yCi ; beneath rev. ^^jAj.j| K 4-20 897 265 Like 879 : but beneath obv. ^r^%i ; beneath rev. y,*tbjj\ ^ 4 22 898 267 Like 897 : but small size i jV 1-0 clipped P ii, 862 899 277 Like 897 ; but nothing beneath obv. iV 4-05 P ii, 870 000 288 Like 899 N 410 BM ii, 205 901 2.1- Like 899 : but small size \ N 1"0 clipped and p. SILVER i)02 Al-'Abbasiya, year obliterated Like 89G : but beneath obv., star ii, 830 I 1-3 P (131) DYNASTIES OF EGYPT AND SYRIA TtJLtJNlDS TULUNIDS A.n. 254—292 = 808—905 a.d. A.H. A.D. 254 Ahmad b. Trdfin 868 270 Khumaiawayh b. Ahmad . • . . . 883 282 Abu-1-Asakir Jaysh b. Khumarawajh . 895 283 Harun b. Khumarawaj'h . . . . 896 —292 —905 I. AHMAD IBN TULUN A.H. 254—270 = 868—883 a.u. GOLD Year i>03 266* Misr ^j\ A_)l 's) 6^ ».j aJIJ i Margin 1 ••f| jkSj 2 ^^^^ 0-'*3 c)'^^ O"* i"*'^'' ^^ Rev. aJL) J > ' J A I ) I Margin ^1 aXwjI aA,)I Jj.-'j ^o.a^< N 4'15 p. BM ii, 218 904 267 Misr Like 903 Jf i-lo BM ii, 2]£ * The gold coins issued iu Egypt between Ahmad b. Tfilun's api^ointment as governor in a.h. 254, and this coin of 266, do not bear his name, an i are iu no respect distinguished from the ordinary provincial issues of the Caliphate. (See above, uos. 616—618.) (135) 136 tulunius Year 905 238 A/-Rafika, aiit^L. Like 003 : but beneath Ahmad's uame, p^l* ^ 3-82 p. 906 269 Misr Like 903 y 4-24 ringed 907 270 Misr Like 903 jV i-lo ringerl BM Add. ii, 220*' * Lu'lu', at first a slave, became Ibn-Tulun's chief general, who reduced Barka in a.h. 260-1, and was made governor of Northern Syria and Diyar Mudar a few years later. In 269 Lu'lu* deserted Ibu-Tulun and joined a?-Muwafi'ak, the brother of the Caliph, in his campaigns against the Zanj ; but was imprisoned in 273 and mulcted of 400,000 dinars. Set free in 282, he eventually returned to Egypt in the latter days of Harun, the grandson of his old master. II. KHUMARAWAYH A.n. 270—282 = 883—895 a.d. 136 ; JAYSH 139 SILVER Year 922 276 Damascus, J~.«jwj Like 908 M 2-50 p. 923 Damascus, date obliterated Like 908 M 2-83 cracked III. JAYSH A.H. 282—3 = 895—6 a.d. GOLD 924 283 Misr Like 903 : but no name, only point, beneath obv. beneath rev. C J/ 3-18 BM ii, 226 ; IV. HARUN A.H. 283—92 = 89(3—905 a.d. GOLD Year 925 283 Misr Like 903 : but no name, only point, beneath obv. beneath rev. aJUIj ju-oJLju^JI c A^ 3-83 926 284 Misr Like 925 : no point on obv. A" 4-09 BM ii, 227 927 285 Misr Like 926 A^ 3-76 p. P iii, 40 928 287 Misr Like 926 A^ I- 10 929 287 Misr Like 920 : adding w» beneath obv. and rev. A" 4-12 P iii, 12 (UO) IKHSHIDIDS A.H. 323—358=934—969 a.d. A.H. I. MOHAMMAD AL-IKHSHID A.H. 323—334 = 934—94G a.d. GOLD Year 936 331 Misr Like 903 : but beneath obv. ^^ j^^aX^ ^\ and beneath rev. aX) jei*.©.)! N 4-25 937 332 Filastin rev. Like 936 : omitting j and i.^ beneath obv. and >V 3-78 BM Add. ii, T,W rU3/ II. ABU-L-KASIM A.H. 334—349 = 946—960 A.D. GOLD Year 938 [3|j6 Filas[tin] Like 93G : but beneath obv., and beneath rev. a^kc aWI ^^-o iV 3-60 939, 940 337 Filastin Like 938 : ornament beneath caliph's name jr 3-61 BM ii, 233 3-36 941 341 Filastin Like 938 : omitting ^^ja ^ 3-35 942 3xx Filastin Like 938 : unit and decade of date obliterated ^ 3-68 (lU) lil. 'ALT A.H. 349—355 = 900—9^)6 a.d. GOLD Year 943 350 Palestine (Filastin) Like 938 : but beneath obv., lieiieath rev. iV 115 P ii', 57 944 351 Misr Like 913 iV 4-17 945, 9i6 351 Palestine Like 943 iV 2-82; 3-82 P i". 58 947 353 Palestire Lilic 9i3 ii, 237 ^ i-UJ p. BM (115) [IV. KAFUR]* A.H. 355—357 = 966—9(58 a.d. GOLD Yeah 948 355 Misr Like 943 : Ijut no name beneath obv., only ^ N 1-18 949 355 Palestine Like 948 N' 3-60 BM ii, 239 * Kafur, the euuuoh wazii", who for two years exercised sovereign powers, did not place his name on the coiuage ; but there can be no doubt as to the attribution. (146) F A T I M 1 13 S A.H. 297—567 = 900—1171 a.d. A.H. A.D, 297 Al-Mahdi Abii-Mohammad ^Obayd-Allah . 909 322 Al-Ka-im Abu-1-Kasim Mohammad . . . 934 334 Al-Mansur Abu-Tahir Isma'il . . .945 341 Al-Mu'izz Abu-Tamim Ma'add . . . . 952 365 Al-'Aziz Abu-Mansiir Nizar .... 975 386 Al-Hakim Abu-'Ali Al-Mansur . . . . 996 411 AZ-Zahir Abu-1-Hasan 'Ali .... 1020 427 Al-Mustanair Abu-Tamim Ma'add . . . 1035 487 Al-Musta'li Abu-1-Kasim Ahmad . . . 1004 495 Al-Amir Abii-'Ali Al-MansCir .... 1101 526 Al-Hafiz Abfi-l-Ma^-mfm 'Abd-al-?^laj"id . .1132 544 Ai-Zafir Abii-l-Mansur Isma'il . . . . 1149 549 Al-Fa-iz Abu-1-Kasim 'Isa .... 1154 555 Al-'Adid Abu-Mohammad 'Abd-Allah . . 1160 —567 —1171 (1-17; I. AL-M AH D I A.n. 297—322 = 909—934 a.b. GOLD Year AL-MAHDI 149 Year Rev. ^U-n)! J>- 'J 4 l_ It Margin i;^ OSJ-t''^^^^ >*M" IJ^* w>^-i aXJI ^<,w A' 1-00 p. BM Add. iv, 3'< 953 ^06 Al-Kayrawan Like 951 iV 4 10 \>. P iii, CG I I. AL-KAI M A. II. 822—334 = 934—945 a.d. GOLD 954 Mint and date obliterated Obv. J,^a^^ ^ i_Jt ^-.1 A_1JI ^\ aJI *^ Margin, traces of ^1 dXwjl aXJI J^.^^ ^^a^^ Rev. ^oU'i)! aJJI J3_wj Margin, date obliterated l-Ou «M iv, 21 J A' (150^ ill. AL-MANSUR A.H. 334—341=945—952 a.u. GOLD Year 955 341 Al-Mahdiya Obv. A.JLJI -N)! -)1 ^) Margin «-Jl aL^jI <*,.UI J^-jj ji«.a>-« Rev, aXJI jk*c Margin iUw ajJ*k^.<.)Ij j.-j>>>)I 'i-* V^-^ aXJI _^.-.j 1 A^ 1-00 P "'. 92 (151) IV. A L-M U'l ZZ A.U. 341—365 = 952—975 a.d. GOLD Year 956 341* Misr Gov., in three circles :t aJlJI -n) 3 aJLJI J^^j j.*.*.^ ^)\ A3 1 Rev. 1 j^Jk^l A7 4-40 957 342 Al-Mansuriya+ Obv,, in three circles : J^-aaJI 3 jk<.cw.^ a) Jlj;w '^ o>a-3 a)JI -n)! tfUt ^) In centre <4A Z 1 * The niiut and date are perfectly clear ; yet Misr (which stauds both for Egypt and for its capital, then al-Fustat) was not conquered by al-Mu'izz until 358 A.n. t Numbered from the outside inwards. duplicate of this remarkable coin is preserved in the Hermitage J A at St. Pettrsburg. Baron von Tiesenhansen reads the second obv. ^^1" and ^^^ margin, ^y^\ \j>'j>\ ^j)J Jj^' i'i)&-h dj-J^ t^J ij^ & J^i, second rev. margin, dL ^jjj ^:)'.^r»!' •*;.- J*** i^- (or j-s' or^-»)^i« ^jjfjl i»i^l.— Al-Mansfiriya was founded by al-Mansur near al- Kayrawau in 337 A.n., aud fell into ruin in 112. : AL-MU'lZZ 153 Year Rev., in three circles 3 ^>Jjk) >a<-M voU^Jt ^s 156 fatimids Yeae 976 361 Al-Mansuriya Like 956 if P iij, lU 977 361 Misr Like 956 978, 979 361 (Jumada i) Misr Like 956 : but month, J^'^t v^iW*- ^ W BM iv, 31 980 361 No mint Like 962 (j^a-l) if 981 362 Al-Mansiiriya Like 956 H P iii, 116 982, 983 362 (Jumada ii) Misr Like 956 : but mouth j.c^'i)! ^i^i^sf. ^ if BM IV, 37 984 363 Al-Mahdiya Like 959 \ N TOO 985 363 Al-Mansiiriya Like 959 AL-MU'iZZ 157 Yeak 986,987 363 Misr Like 956 364 V. AL-'AZTZ A.H. 365—386 = 975—990 a.d. GOLD Yeae 998—1000 SG6 Misr Obv., in two circles : 2 ^(i. ^JLc aXJI J^j j^si.^ 4JUI "N)! a)I n) Rev., in two circles : iV 4-1; one p. BM iv, 60 1001—1003 367 Misr Like 998 N , one p. BM iv, 63 1004 367 Al-Mansurlya Like 998 1005 368 Misr Like 998 ^ p. BM Add. iv, 53'' AL-*AZ!Z 159 Year 1006 369 Misr Like 908 AT 1007 369 Palestine (Filastin) Like 998 AT p. BM iv, 54 1008 369 Sicily (Sikiliya)* Obv., in two circles: 2 j.*a. ^U d.X)t J3.WJ a<^a»..« aJL)I '^)I a)1 "n) (sjc) S^ft^ Kev., in two circles : 1 [)\aii\ aJ-s)!] >so.^:) jlp ^eU-N)! [U^] i A^ -95 1009 369 or 367 Al-Mansuriya Like 998, unit obscure N 1010 370 Misr Like 998 ^ BM Add. iv, 5i'- * I.e. tho capital, Palermo (Balarui). 160 fatimids Year 1011 371 Misr Like 998 if BM iv, 5G 1012 3[7J1 Al-MansUriya Like 998 (decade of date (j.**-i by error) 1013 372 Misr Like 998 (unit ,^^^1 sic) ^ BM iv, 58 G2 VI. AL-H AK I M A.H. 386—411 = 996—1020 a.d. GOLD Year 1036 3S8 Misr Obv. Margin 1 pjl aJU>j1 aJUI iJ^) «>*»»-« 2 aJ ^^P -n) djia>3 aJJI -n)! a)I ^) Centre aA.JI ^J^-^y J-^.s^-'O aJJI^-«> Rev. Margin 1 ^jWj iL«j ^-a«j jJo jJ I IJkA w»;-« Centre ^.A.A.^3^1 ^-A_«l iii. 174 N V. P 1037 388 Al-Mahdiya Obv., in two circles : 1 (to aJi^) X)t aXwjI aw; j^wj ^<^sw^ Alt 's) 2 aXU ^I^ ^£> aJDI Jy^j j^^^A aJJ< 'i)l Rtv., in two circles : i A^ 1-0 16i FATIMIDS Yeab 1038 389 Misr Like 1036 ^ p. P iij, 176 1039 390 P iii, 177 AL-llAKIM 165 Year 1017 403 Misr Obv. ^ Margin ^1 aL^jI aA,)I ^Ja-^j kX^a>.^ Eev. A^JI jk*c ^Xc ^'t j^-aA<^Jl AJ33 Margin a5U ?«.jj'3 w.^ iV p. BM iv, 85 1048 404 Misr Like 1047 : but Kev. aJ^^ «iXM Jut ^ 4-05 P i". 186 1049 408 Misr differently : As 1 048 : but obv. arranged aXJI n)I Alt -s) a) «ib;i "^ dJkSfc^ A.A_)I JjS ^U 16C FATIMIDS Yeah 1050 409 Misr Like 1049 ^ BM iv, 93 1051 410 Al-Mansuriya AL-HAKIM 1 67 Yeak 1055 4,11 Al-Mahdiya Like 1049 : but Rev. ^J\ aJUI j.^ i TV 1-0 1056 412 AI-Mansuriya Like 1049 : above rev. c iV 1057 412 Al-Mahdiya Like 1051 : but Kev. j.e. J> J AT 1-0 1058 Mint and date obliterated. Inscr. as BM iv, 97 1059 Sicily Date obliterated. Inscr. as BM iv, 83 1060. 1061 Sicily No date. Like 1049 : but Rev. j^«o—i_.<^JI ^L^^y] XfXa.iA^ No margin on either side y ff BM Ada iv, 81'' 1g8 fatimid8 Yeab 1062—1064 Mint and date obliterated. Like 1051 1065 Al-Mahdiya Year oLlitesated. Like 1051, adding on rev. aXII j,xU ^^j^slsw-M 1066 Similar to preceding : but margins cut off 10G7 Mint and date obliterated. Similar to 1036, varied 1068—1070 Mint and date obliterated. Similar to 1065 SILVER 1071 406 Misr Like 1047 .ai 1-4 1072 Mint and date obliterated. Like 1036 : margins illegible ill 1-3 Vll. AZ-ZAHIR A.H. 411—427 = 1020—1035 a.d. GOLD Ykar 1073 412 Misr Obv., in two circles : -N) 2 A) Ju^ dj^^ aX)1 '^II a) I ^) In centre aAJI ^5-'; ^^^•« A.XJI ,J5 i*-^c Kev., in two circles : 2 >oU^)l ^>-«s^)I ^jt ,^Xft aJ^3 aAJI ^*c In centre 0-:!^ jli^*^ >*^' - •• w ^ gj^j .^^ AT .1-2 jjjy 170 AZ-ZAHIE 171 Ykar 1084 422 Sicily Like 1083 (rev. margin ends jlj sic) 4 N' -95 BM iv, 118 1085 422 Al-Mahdiya Like 1073 1086 423 Misr Like 1073 ; but central inscription converted into an inmost third circular inscription on each side and in centre of each side ; J J^c iV p. 1087 423 Misr Like 1083 : (sic) st^fj^^ ^j.jjJie.^ s^Xj dUw j"A^ 1088 423 Tyre ( . ur) Like 1086, three circles : in centre of each side ^_^^ 423 172 fat im ids Vf.au 1092 426 Misr Obv. aJUI -n)! aJI ^) aJ.J\ ^J^ ^Xc Margin ;Ujjk!l Ijjk ^^-<3^*».j.M ,j^»o^j.JI aX)I^~w>* AZ-ZAHIE 173 Year 1096, 1097 42.C Al-Mansuriya Like 1083 1098 Mint and date obliterated. Like 1078 : beneath obv. D 1U99 Mint and date obliterated. Like 1073 : point above and beneath each side i A" -8 1100 Sicily Date obliterated. Like 1083 i N' -95 VIM. AL-MUSTANSIR A.n. 427—487 = 1035—1094 a.d. GOLD Yeab 1101 428 Palestine (Filastin) Obv. A.XJI -N)! A_JI N) aJu)I ^Jj 15^^^ Margin j-o-vM I«XA Vj"^ >«*•>'' v>**V^' '*^" ^-^^ Rev. >6U*n)! ^,^*^ ^j1 Jl5L« Margin 429 430 176 fatimids Year HH 435 Tripoli (Tarabulus) Like 1103 1112 436 Tripoli L^ke 1108 1113 436 Misr Like 1108 BM iv, 134 IIU 436 Tiberias (Tabariya) Like 1108 BM iv, 135 1115, 1116 437 Misr Like 1108 A' one p. BM Add. iv, Vib^ 1117, Ills 437 Damascus (Dimashk) Like 11 OS fi r iii, 270 111!), 1120 438 Misr Like 1108 A' p. BM iv, 137 178 fatimids Yeah 1129, 1130 441 Misr Obv., in tliree circles,* Eev., in three circles, iV, one p. BM iv, 144 P iii, 302 BM iv, 145 180 FATIMIDS Year 1U9— 1151 447 Misr Like 1129 AT BM iv, 15-1 1152 447 Damascus Like 1129 A^ 3-9 1153 447 Palestine Like 1129 1154 448 Misr Like 1129 Jf V in, 368 1155 449 Tripoli Like 1129 jr p. .BM iv, 159 1156 450 Misr Like 1129 N 1157 451 Misr Like 1129 iV p. P iii, SC9 1158 •452 Misr Like 1129 iV P iii, 370 1159 452 Tyre Like 1129 {o-i^) iV BM iv, IGO 11 GO, iiena 453 Misr Like 1129 N, one p. BM iv, 162 llGl, 1162 454 Misr Like 1129 ono BM Adil. iv, 104' N, p. . .82 AL-MUSTANSIll 183 Year 1184 479 Alexandria Like 1179 ^ 3-65 1185 480 Alexandria Like 1179 - iV BM iv, 181 1186 482 Alexandria Like 1179 ^ P lii, 263 1187 483 Alexandria Like 1179 1188, 1189 484 ? Acre Like 1179 (ISCa^ ; unit obscure) iV p. 184 FATIMIDS 1195 Mint obliterated, year 48a;, Kev. «>-«.« >el_«^)l Margin (sic) JjIj O-s^'^ *^' >o*~^ ^ ^ Cp. BM iv, 183 1196 Mint and date obscure. Like 1195 1197 Mint and date obliterated. Like 1101 : but Rev. 3_.l j>\^c^)\ aXUj ^«CUMMioJt Margins obliterated. 1198 Sicily, date obliterated. Crossed insci-. like BM iv, 186. AL-MUSTANSIR 185 Year IX. AL- M USTA'LT A.H. 487—495 = 1094— llul a.d. Year 488? 492 X. AL-AMIR A.H. 495—524 = 1101—1130 a.d. GOLD Year 1212 496 Tyre Obv. like 1209 Rev., Centre ^dU'n)! Margin 1 ,j-j^^<^l j.a.\j j.^*^\ ^t ^jI A^ 4-1 AL-AMIR 189 Yeae 1218 503 Ascalon ('Askalan ,j'^)li~.a^) Like 1212 if BM iv, 203 190 fatimids Ykak 1229, 1230 507 Alexandi'ia Like 1212 1231, 1232 508 Misr Like 1212 BM iv, 207 1233 508 Alexandria Like 1212: but Kev. Margin 2 begins ^cl^Jl * l>->j*o aXJI ^~.j L N 1-0 1234—1236 509 Misr Like 1212 1237 509 Alexandria Like 1212 N P iii, 413 1238 509 Alexandria Like 1233 (^cLJI) i A^ -7 1239 509 Tyre Like 1212 1240 510 Misr Like 1212 A' \<- BM iv. 208 12il 510 Alexandria Like 1212 ^ BM Adil. iv, 20S'* * This word, which occurs also on no. 1238, seems indeciplierable. .'cljy It may possihhj be read , which Dozy explains as the fourth part of the property of a conqueied people, and which may have acquired u more general meaning. AL-AMIR 191 Year 1242 511 Misr Like 1212 N' p. BM iv, 200 12i3 511 Alexandria Like 1212 A' p. BM iv, 210 1244 512 Misr Like 1212 (, 5^51) 1245 512 Alexandria Like 1212 N BM iv, 2U 1246 513 Misr Like 1212 ^ P iii, 426 1247 513 Alexandi'ia Like 1212 1248 514 Misr Like 1212 iv, 213 ^ p_ BM 1249 51 4< Alexandria Like 1212 A^ 1250 514 Tyre Like 1212 ^ 192 AL-MUNTAZAR* [Abu-'AlI Al-Afdal, Wazir, a.ii. 524—6 = 1030—2.] ^ XI. AL-HAFIZ A.H. 526—544=1132—1149 a.d. GOLD Year 1260, 1270 526 Alexandria Obv. like 1209 Rev.^ Centre aAJI j^aC «i— )^^ Margin 1 j^-^-c ^J^ J^;a^-oJ' •^-*-^ O^-o^*" ^' 2 ^jjJI IJ^ w*/-^ vff**-j'" CX"*"/^' AAJt^«.j (sic) ^-.c-ci-^ 1271, 1272 528 Misr Obv. like 1209 Rev., Centre ^l^*^! Margin 1 j^,^\ aJi)I ^>-J^' la-sLa..)! (J><.**ll ^-j' AXJt^-~J 2 j.^Jk)l IJkA w);.-tf ^*»-jJI O"**"^^' A'', one p. (195) 196 fatimids Yeae 1273 529 Misr Margin j-ojJI IJJb w)><^ v«s*t>^' O-o^v" *'-^' vo-^ Eev. OfcX'j Margin J>--; Jm^s^ a) «^^ "^ dj^^j aXU 'n)I aJI *<) aJUI ^J^ |_Xc aXII XII. A^ZAFIR A.H. 544—549=1149— 1154 A.D. XIII. AL-FAIZ A.H. 549—555 = 1 154—1 1 GO a .d. GOLD Year 1280 549 Misr Obv. like 1209 Rev., Centre ^U'n)I Margin 1 ^a-^^J*)' j-*-*' *i''" J"«a*J JjUM ^wlaJt ^j\ 2 J.AJjk)l t»>.A *--><^ yO-c^-jJ' 0"«-'*'>" aX)!^,^*^ 1281, 1282 552 Alexandria Liko 1280 (^* (198) XIV. AL-'ADID A.H. 555—567 = 1160—1171 a.d. GOLD Tear 1288 555 Cairo (Al-Mu'izzj_iy]a* al-Kahira) Obv. like 1209 Rev., Centre >oL.-«*j)l Margin 1 j.-*^l aAJ! ^>jjJ jk^Lail ^K^sk.* ^i^ 1284 565 Caii'o (Al-Mu'izz[iy]a* al-Kahira) Like 1283 : but Rev., Centre aX)I N 4-35 * This form »;«JI of the name occurs several times, aud may perhaps be an alternative form, and not merely an error of the engraver. (199) IMITATIONS OF FATIMID DINARS ISSUED BY THE CKUSADERS * GOLD 1285, 1286 Imitations of dinars of al-Mustansir, illegible N 3"6j one p. 1287, 1288 Imitations of dinar of al-Amir ostensibly struck at Misr, 506 (see above nos. 1224, 1225) N 3-6 1289, 1290 Imitations of dinar of al-Amir, ostensibly struck at al-Mu'izziya al-Kahira, 508 1291— 1300e Imitations of dinai's of al-Amir, blundered and illegible A- * See below, Appendix, Kingdom of Jerusalem. (200) AYYUBIDS I. Egyptian Line A.H. A.D. 564 A?-Nasir Salah-aZ-din Yusuf 1169 589 Al-'Aziz 'Imad-aZ-din ^Othmaii 1193 595 Al-Mansur Mohammad 1198 596 Al-'Adil Sajf-aZ-din Abii-Bakr t 1199 615 Al-Kamil Nasir-aZ-din Mohammad 1218 635 Al-'Adil Sayf-aZ-din Abii-Bakr ii 1238 637 AZ-Salih Najm-a/-din Ayyub 1240 6i7 Al-Mu'azzam Turan-Sbah 1249 648 Al-As.hiaf Miisa (under Mamliik Aybak) 1250 —650 —1252 (201) I. SALAH-AA-DIN* A.H. 564—589 = 1169—1193 a,d, GOLD Yeae 1301 570 Cairo (al-Kahira) Obv., in three circles: Centre ^1_<'n)I Kev. 1 i^a^ll v>iii L^^V^^i* aX«;..jI 4JJI J>-»; J^-fra^-o 3 AjU JU ^^^UJI ,^^1 (read crosswise) Centre wA_^5—j yv 4-7 1302 570 ? Alexandria Like 1301 : decade obscure A^ 4-0 1303, 1304 571 Cairo Like 1301 (a«-l) AT BM iv, 243 * The earliest coin issued by Salah-aZ-din (Saladin) was struck at Cairo in 567 in the uame of his overlord Nfir-a? din Mahmud : sea below, under Zakgids of SiRiA. (203) 204- attubids Ykar 1305 572 Cairo Like 1301 : Jlc and AjU transposed jr BM iv, 2-14 BM iv, 215 206 atyubius Ykar 13-22 583 Cairo Like 1308 BM iv, 253 If 1323 583 Alexandria Like 1308 BM iv, 254 jf p. 1324 584 Cairo Like 1308 A^ 1325 585 Alexandria Like 1308 ^" 1326, 1327 586 Cairo Like 1308 ^ BM iv, 256 1328 587 Cairo Like 1308 ^T BM iv, 2o8 1329 588 Cairo Like 1308 iv, 259 ^ ;,-i BM 1330, 1331 589 Cairo Like 1308 N 3 5, f.-O SALAn-A/.-l)IN 207 SILVER 1332 Damascus, no date * Ob v., in square ^eU*;;^! Margin (in segments) j>. llev., in squai'e U)l «iXA,^t Margin (in segments) w^-^ 1 | V^^' O-:* '-*~'>:l i .a BM ir, 261 1333 Hamah, no date * Ob v., in square ^«a.;L«.^t dj^o- aJUI 'n)I a)I Margin | 3 | ^J | Rev., in square ^-X^JI Margin dWs*-J | ^j-^ I *-*~'>:J \ V^:!' O"- * The name of the Caliph al-MustadI, however, fixes the date of isdue between 566 and 575 a.h. 208 ayyubids Ykar 1334 578 ? Damascus Obv. in square L-;_)l >6l_*'^t Rev. in square l-i-)l ^_JL^I Margin 4.w ^.C^> | ^>:!' ^**'^ «r!/^ I O-:* M p. SALAH-AZ:-T)I]S" 209 C PPE E Yeab 1340, 1341 [5]87 ? Damascus Obv. ^Ull Margin ^^X-«^l ^lla.X»j O-i'^h ^S"'"'^' ?-"^*^ Rev. "3- Margin ^^a-^^^Jj (S) /*•»-«' '^ t>^J^ .... .a: Cp. BM iv, 279-283 E B II. AL-'AZIZ 'OTHMAN A.H. 589—595 = 1193—1198 a.d. GOLD Yeai{ 1342 589 Cairo Obv., ill two circles 2 ^*^^<^!l j.*^l aX)! ^jjjJ j..oU)l (.^l^aJI ^jI Centre joU^J] liev., in two circles aX^s v>i«X'I i^Xfr o^v-^' (>»*" C>:;>j 2 AjU Jlc >J>aJ' ^1<^)I (read crosswise) Centre (jl_ -A'^ 4-3 , BM iv, 288 1313, 1344 589 Alexaudi'ia Like 1342: but j.>^l (sic) for Jjjjii\ • A" 3!i BM iv, 28y 1345 590 Cairo Like 1342 ^ itM iv, 290 Year III. AL-MANSUR MOHAMMAD A.H. 595—596 =3 1198—1199 a.d. GOLD Year 1355 595 Cairo Like 1342 : but Rev. margin 2 a.Ae. Jlc j^^^ll »i\,X^I (read crosswise) ^ 3-2 1356 595 Alexandria Like 1355 : rev. margin 2 reads consecutively AT BM iv, 299 (212) IV. AL-'ADIL I A.H. 596—615 = 1199—1218 a.d. GOLD YEA.R 1357 596 Alexandria Obv. Ji_«.^l ^l_ Margin j^SiS IJ^A w>^ ^^».jJ I ^J.<^o»J.)! Kev. Jlc 2 Margin aJI^ to aX^jI aA)I J^'j j^«.^..« A" p. Cf. BM iv, 3il BM iv, 342 2U al-'adil I 215 Year Jvcv., in hexagram Margin illegible Si. 1366 Mint and date obliterated. Like 1365 ^ BM iv, 364 1367 612 Damascus Obv., in sixfoil ^^1 Margin dJDI jk.«sw^ aJJI ^)\ a)! -n) | | | j | J^j Rev., ill sixfoil ^J^LsUI siLX_ wJ^I ^J J.O ^1 ^Le- A.k»i Margin 1 ^^Z,aJ^ ^:3\ \ \ \ j vj-^ 1368 [6] 12 Damascus Obv., in hexagram Margin like 13G7 216 ATTtJBIDS Yeah Rev., in hexagram Margin /<*^l a*— \ | «^^ j^ | i^** I I *r*/'^ \ M 1368a Like 1368 : date obliterated 1369, 1370 613 Damascus Obv., in hexagram 1^1 ji^\ aX)I Margin like 1367 Kpv., in hexagram JiUJI JIJLJI Margin Ajl^^iw ^-i^ si.^X5 A^w ^i:w«jkj »_Jj.-i> | | | | | ^ II. BM iv, 3G6 1371 Damascus, date obliterated Like 1369 al-'adil I 217 1372—1380 Damascus, date obliterated Like 1367 : but beneath rev. wa*-*' ; above, (^«x)l Margins nearly obliterated ; some show ju ^^^ | , and one appears to read ^Uj | Aw M Cf. BM iv, 358jf 1381, 1382 Mint and date obliterated Like 1372 : but and i^j^-e transposed on obv. J.^1 ; and \Ju*j and ^J>;J^)I transposed on rev. M ringed BM iv. 302 1383, 1384 Mint and date obliterated Obv. aJLJI Rev. O-:!-'^' Margins obliterated i M COPPER 1385 Mint and date obliterated Obv. Ji'.aJI ^^t Rev. wJ^jl O^ jl^i 5^' Margins obliterated BM iv, ;<72 218 ayyubids Yeae 1386 Mint and date obliterated Obv., Centre ^Un)I Margin ^j.a^^<.)I j^<\ a,U1 ^jJ^J j.-tfUJI Rev., Centre .OJUJl Margin O^J^'t '-»;*«' ^^J >j' J>^' -«: 1387 61.r- Mint obliterated Obv. J^«.e».l Margin like 1367 Rev. ^JCj >^' aSI.^-**' Margin cjJut ...... | | | | w>-^ | JE 1388 Damascus, date obliterated Obv. ' ^jjJI Rev. w-'^' u-i" ^^c" >:*' Traces of margin ^^L^j^j . , . js: V. AL-KAMIL A.H. G15—635 = 1218—1238 a.d, GOLD Year 1389 617 Alexandria Like 1357: but Rev. J-„«l_e_!l ,^i^t ••^o-Sto-.o J^- eS''' '^^ Marj 1390 622 Cairo Like 1389 : obv, area differently divided A" 1391* 623 Alexandria Obv. J^-^a^A >sL«'i)! j.d>UsJt j.^ ^^) ^^\ aJLJI j^^ Rev. like 1389 A^ p. * Nos. 1389—91 are in the Kufic character; no. 1392 and all sue- ceeding coins of al-Kamil are in Naskhi. 220 atytbius Ykak 1392 624 Misr OL)v. j^-.fl_;-«>-)l >6l_^*N)l Margin jUjjJI IJk& wJ;.-o ^*»->3I 0'*'*'>" *^' -«~*^ Kev. J.^L_CJI JL_X,^_n Margin ^ aX^jI aJUI J^wj j^«.sw.^ aJIJ! -n)! aJI ^) A' Cf. BM iv, 375 1393. 1394 624 Cairo Like 1392 : but wJ^-jI transferred to top of rev. A^ ; D. 222 ay yu bids Yeab 1105 615 Mint obliterated [Damascus ?] Obv., ill square >6Le*^)l aJJI -n)! aJI 'n) Margin | | ..j J.^^< | liev., in square ^X aj[^Z^ 5^^c . . Margin [ | u^tr^- \ '-r'j-^ ^ M (twice pierced) BM iv, 406 HOC 615 Damascus Obv., in square "n) Margin j^^a-^ a) dj*,*.^ aX) I ^)l dJI | ^j^'^ \ | aXJI J^j Rev., in square I3 l-t; J>— )l j-^\ ') •^0-s^'O J^i l^t"' vj':' CH>>'' Margin a,^„^ a.i.^ AJllI wJj.-i> | \ J^^j.^ ^-.j 1407 615 Damascus Like 1400 : l)ut j.^«.». ; and omitting jk^».l and J^i o^' O-:* at AL-KAillL 223 Year 1408—1412 616 Damascus Like 1406 BM iv, -106 1413, 1414 617 Damascus Like 1406 M BM iv, 4U7 1415 617 Damascus Like 1405 1416 618 Damascus Like 1406 1417 618 Damascus Like 1405 1418 622 Damascus Like 1406 Rev. margin . . . . ****' | ^^j"^^ \ O-;;'*^' I iS^"^"^^ Vj-^ 141!) [622-3]* Damascus Like 14o6 : but date obliterated, and * The date is approximately determined by the occurrence of the name of the Caliph a^Zahir, who reigned from 622 to 623. 224 attubids Year 1420 [622-3] Damascus Like 1405 : but date obliterated (except century), and Obv. ^lc*^\ 1421 623 Harran Like 1406 : but Obv. ^^aLi2m^\ ji[A'^\ ^^\ ^ aJLJU Eev. margin «^uXj Ai*j **-'^' | I ^ | ol/**-:* 1422 Mint and date obliterated. Like 1406 : but Obv. ^.-a.:_:_^_.„JI »L«'s)l jJljl.:^ ^A 142:^ Damascus, date obliterated Like 1422 M COPPER 1424 [62]5 Damascus Like 1122 : but in copper AL-KAMIL 225 1425—1427 No mint or date Obv. J***- >j' Rev. jj.j j^«.a^4 ^ BM iv, 416 a J VI. AL-'ADI L II. A.H. C35— 637 = 123H—1240 a.d. GOLD Ykar 1428 [63] 5 Cairo Obv. ^ftU^jl 5_ji j^—-A—^— o-)l j. wa,.>—Z.>u»JI ji&_&_^ Margin jU:;-xJl l-xA v/-*^ ^s^jJ' O"0**v" « ^^^fiM^A. «Law djJblaJu Rev. jk^a^.^ ^j j.'iJ ^\ i^;>j^)l ^-»--' Margin ^urAX-.,jt aJl3I J^wj j^«o-« A^ 7o BM iv, 120 1439 636 Cairo Like 1428 A' 1-2 BM i7, 121 C22G) VI!. A^-SALIH A.H. G37—647 = 1240—1249 a.b. 228 ATTUBIDS Eev. in square | ...... 1434 Mint and date obliterated* Obv. ^UN)I Margin XJT a) I ^) Rev. like 1433 : margin obliterated M * Not earlier than 640, when al-Musta'§im began to reign. II. Aleppo Line A.H. A.D. 582 AZ-Zahir Ghiyath-aZ-clIn GhazI . . 1186 613 Al-'Aziz Ghiyilth-aZ-din Mohammad . 1216 634 AZ-Nasir Salilh-aZ-dinYusuf . , . 1236 —658 —1260 I. AA-ZAHIR GHAZI A.H. 582—613= 1186--121G a.d. SILVER* Year . 1435 b^x Aleppo (Halab) Obv. ^oU'N)! 230 ATT n BIDS 1436 604 AZ-ZAHIE GHAZi 231 Year 1439 62 « Mint obliterated. Like 1436 : but date (posthumous) M BM Add. iv, 310'' 1440, 1441 Mint and date obliterated. Like 1436 M 1442 Mint and date obliterated. Like 1436 i M 1443 [6].<'8 Aleppo Obv. »^.o-«»"' Margin -J] «x)) "^ Hev. »-**^>d t5i^ en**'' *^^ Margin a5U ... **-' \ | (3 O^-o^ I I --r^^^^^ -—Lr-^ .a. 232 AYTUBIPS COPPER Yeak U14— 1446 Mint and date obliterated O'ov., in square I >ol -6^)1 Rev., in square >UX.oJI >kUsJt Margins obliterated BM iv, 317 1447 Mint and date obliterated Obv., in square >el.„«*^)l Rev., in square ^iXXi^iJI Margins obliterated JE BM iv, 320 1448 ISIint and date obliterated Like 1447 : but octogram instead of square Obv. margin *l)I a)1 *^ Rev. margin obliterated v?: p. BM iv, 313 1449 [6].''- 6 Mint obliterated Like 1448 : •.z^^ legible in rev. marsrin II. AL-'AZIZ MOHAMMAD A.H. 613—634 = 1216—1236 a.d. SILVER Year 1450 614 Aleppo Obv. J*.«.».t n) Margin ~^U a) I Rev. jti^a*.^ AjI^^w SjJUs- ajjl Aiw s-^Xa^-j wJ/^i Margin | | | | | M BM iv, 328 1451 616 Aleppo Obv. Jk.o,&.l Margin «L)I a) I ^) Rev. ^.«.a».« Sj.^c a-w w»Xa»o w)^-^ Margin a51,o-*-» | c«*«' | ] | | 234 attCbids COPPER Yeah 1452 6xx Mint obliterated Obv. jilo^)\ Margia a5U v^w Eev. .iUj! Margin -L)\ a^\ '^ BM iv, 326 1453 [622-3] Mint and date obliterated Like 1452 : but Obv. j>\a^\ m BM iv, 330 1454 Mint and date obliterated Like U52 : but Obv. >eU'i)l M BM iv, 331 — I I I. AA-NASI R YUSUF A.n. 634—658 = 1236—1260 a.d. SILVER Year 1455, 1456 Mint and date obliterated Obv., in square voU^)l ^-«a_a_j: ^^\ Margin obliterated Rev., in square Margin obliterated ^ p. 1457 6 a J- Aleppo Obv. ^j1 Margin I 286 ATYfBTDS COPPER 1458 Mint and date obliterated Obv. JULJ Kev. ^_>5> Margins obliterated M BM iv, 335 A^-SALIH ISMA'TL OF DAMASCUS A.ir. 635, 637—648 = 1237, 1240—1245 a.d. SILVER 1459 Mint and date obliterated Obv. , in square j>, \ ^ ^) I Margin (traces) -i.)l Rev., in square Margin obliterated ( aX)I ^^^w) BM iv, 433 1460, 1461 Like 1459 : date obscure M 1462-3 Damascus, date obliterated [640—3] Like 1459 : but Obv. ^eU-Nlt 238 A.VYLliID3 COPPER 1464 Mint and date wanting Obv. Rev. MAMLUK SULTANS 1. BAHRI MAMLUKS AH. A.D. 648 Shajar-aZ-durr, widow of aZ-S.ilih Ayyub 1250 648 Al-Mu'izz 'Izz-aZ-din Aybak . 1250 655 Al-Mansiir Nur-aZ-dlii 'AH 1257 657 Al-Muzaffar Sayf-al-din Kutuz 1259 658 Al-ZaWir Kukn-aZ-din Baybars 1260 676 AZ-Sa'id Nasir-a7-din Baraka Khan 1277 678 Al-'Adil Badr-aZ-din Salamish . 1279 678 Al-Mansur Sayf-a7-din Kalaun 1279 689 Al-Ashraf Salah-aZ-din Khalil 1290 693 AZ-Nasir Nasir-a?-din Mohammad (1st reign 1293 694 Al-'Adil Zayn-aZ-din Kitbugha . 1294 696 Al-Mansiir Husam-aZ-din Lajin 1296 698 AZ-Na^-ir Nasir-aZ-din Muhammad (2nd reign) 1298 708 Al-Muzaffar Rukn-aZ-din Baybars ii 1308 709 AZ-Nasir Nasir-aZ-din Mohammad (3rd reign) 1309 741 Al-Mansiir Sayf-aZ-din Abii-Bakr . 1340 742 Al-Ashraf 'Ala-aZ-din Kiijiik 1341 742 AZ-Nasir Shihab-aZ-din Ahmad 1342 743 AZ-Salih 'Imad-aZ-dln Isma'il 1342 746 Al-Kamil Sayf-aZ-din Sba'ban 13t5 747 Al-Muzaffar Sayf-aZ-din Hajji 1346 240 A.H. A.D. 748 AZ-Nasir Nasir-a/-clin Hasan (1st reign) . . 1347 752 A/-Srilih Salah-aZ-din Salih . . . .1351 755 AZ-Nasir Nasir-aZ-dln Hasan (2nd reign) . 1354 762 Al-Mansnr Salah-aZ-din Mohammad 1361 764 Al-Ashraf Nasir-aZ-din Sha'ban . . . 1363 778 Al-Mansdr 'Ala-aZ-din 'Ali . . .1376 783 AZ-Salih Salah-aZ-dIn Hajji . . . . 1381 —784 —1382 2. BURJI MAMLUKS 784 AZ-Zahir Sayf-aZ-din Barkuk . . .1382 [791-2 Al-Mansiir, formerly AZ-Salih, Hajji, Bahr'i 1389-90] 801 AZ-Nasir Nasir-aZ-din Faraj (1st reign) . 1398 808 Al-Mansur 'Izz-aZ-din *Abd-al-'Aziz . . 1405 809 AZ-Nasir Nasir-aZ-din Faraj (2nd reign) . 1406 815 Al-'Adil Al-Musta'in 'Abbas (the Caliph) . 1412 ' 815 Al-Mu-ayyad Shaykh 1412 824 AI-Muzaffar Ahmad 1421 824 AZ-Zahir Sayf-aZ-diu Tatar . . . .1421 824 AZ-Sfilih Nasir-aZ-dln Mohammad . . . 1421 825 Al-Ashraf Sayf-aZ-dIn Bars-bay . . . 1422 842 Al-'Aziz Jamai-aZ-dIn Yusuf . . . . 1438 842 AZ-Zahir Sayf-a/-din Jakmuk . . 1438 857 Al-Mansiir Fakhr-aZ-din 'Othmaii . . . 1453 857 Al-Ashraf Say f-aZ-din Infil .... 1453 865 Al-Mu-ayyad Shihab-aZ-dIn Ahmad . . 1460 865 AZ-Zahir Savl-aZ-din Khoslikadam . . 1461 241 A.H, A.D. 872 AZ-Zahir Sayf-aZ-din Bil-bay . . . M67 872 A7-Zahir Timurbugha 1468 873 Al-Ashraf Sayf-aZ-din Ka-it-bay . . .1468 901 AZ-Nasir Mohammad 1495 904 AZ-Zahir Kansuh 1498 905 Al-Ashraf Janbalat 1500 906 Al-'Adil Tuman-bay 1501 906 Al-Ashraf Kansiih alG-huri . . . . 1501 922 Al-Ashraf Turn Jin-bay . . . .1516 —922 (Dhu-1-Hijja) 'Othmanli conquest 1517 1. BAHRI MAMLUKS II. AL-MU'IZZ AYBAK A.H. 648—655 = 1250—1257 a.d. SILVER Year 1465 [6J63 Mint obliterated Obv., in square >»U*i)l Margin ax^ ^^^,.(f^ 3 siJj | | | 3 Rev., in square* V^ri' (J^*^'l >o»"'* Margin obliterated 1466 654 Cairo Like 1465 : but obv. margin 1467 Mint and date obliterated & Like 1465 * Aybak has retained the name of hie late master, aZ-Salih. t The weights of the Mamluk coins are extremely irregular, and no obj«ot is served by recording them. (243) III. AL-MANSUR 'ALI A.H. 655—657 = 1257—1259 a.d. SILVER 1468 Cairo, date obliterated Obv., in square jalc*^\ Margin S^aIaIIj w^j-o aJJ' ^•-J Rev,, in square Margin (traces) -lM aJL~/jI aJJI J^-jj J^a~ BM iv, 471 1469 Mint and date obliterated Like 1468 I243i V. A/:-ZAHIR BAYBARS A.H. 658-676 = 1260—1277 a.d. GOLD Ykar 1470 [6f]l Alexandria Obv. Ajjjk;iLr*^L» vj-*^' Margin 3 «x».l «Uw AjjJixC . . . Kev. ^aJl^l (jjjjl^ Lij^JI o^J j-aUsJI Lion passant to left Margin obliterated 1471 Alexandria, date obliterated Like 1470 BM iv, 476 * Eogers Bey read this word ^.5 " establisher " of, or (passive) "established'' by, the Prince of the Faithful, bnt «-~» (the ~ being represented by the long line) is the usual reading. (-'41) . AZ-ZAHIK BATBAR3 245 SILVER Year 1472 [6]57* Mint obliterated Obv. a_JLll ^)l A_)t -N) Margin . . . . . «>*w a^ . . ^^^^j | | | Rev. aJUI ^*-j Lion passant to left M p. 1473 Mint and date obliterated Obv. area like 1472 : margin obliterated Rev. Jl_Jl_.^_JI o^^—J^-~" Lion passant left M to 1474 Mint and date obliterated Obv. j.^_L.Z«^JI >ol__««'^)l aJJI aX)I 'n)I aJI Margin ] J_^«.j J^^a^ | "i) Rev. like 1472 M * Possibly an error for 659—^-. for ^. The absence of any name of Caliph seems to indicate that the coin was issued before Baybars revived the 'Abbasid caliphate at Cairo in 659. 8 246 mamluk sultans Year 1475 Damascus, date obliterated Obv. [Ot^]^^[^^ )l ja\ o'ill Rev. like 1473 147G— Mint and date obliterated. Like 1475 M 1479 Mint and date obliterated. Like 1475 : but margin like 1474 M obv. 1480 [6] 61 Cairo Obv. like 1472: but margin (j>-I-»j j^a-t iUw S;,aUJL» . . Rev. like 1473 : but above j,3^)l^l M 1481 Cairo, date obliterated. Similar to 1480 M 1482 [66]7* Cairo Like 1480 1483, 1484 670* Cairo Like 1480 * These dates do not agree with those of the Caliph al-Mustanjir. A/.-ZAHIR BAYBARS 247 Year 1485 66 X Damascus Obv. J^H»-t ^v ? Rev. like 1473 s. 1486 671 Damascus Like 1485 1487—1491 Mint and date obliterated. Like 1485 B. p. COPPER 1492, 1493 No mint or date Obv. Traces of Kalima Rev. ^jK^aL^S Lion passant to left BM iv., 48(5 VI. A^-SA'ID BARAKA KHAN A.H. 676—678 = 1277—1279 a.d. SILVER Year 1494 678 Damascus Obv. a—XJI '^l dJI ^) *^*^ Margin ajL©^^ O-s*'?**'^ O^**-^ (^«*««^j ^j^ Kev. O-s*^^*^' .^^*' ^.-©l_j j*--.»- II ^_L«JI ^. 5 j^fel h II Jl_L«_ll Liou passant to left JB 1495 Damascus, date obliterated Like 1494 f248j VIM. AL-MANSUR KALA"UN A.H. 678—689 = 1279—1290 a.d. GOLD Year 1496 Cairo, date obliterated Obv. like 1470 : but above jaUJU ^j^ Margin L Rev. jj^A^^^JI JULJ I C)^yji\ Margin, traces of «;.)I 1497 688 Cairo Like 1496 : but Obv. margin [aj]1.o-*~'J O-ii^^*^^ O^L-o^ • • • • ^ p. 1498 Cairo, date obliterated Like 1496 : but obv. margin d)l Rev. margin ^^aJI O-i^S *i)l ';i) 1499, 1500 Mint and date obliterated Like 1496 : but Js^)! at top of obv. ^ p. BM Add. iv, iSX^ (249) K K 250 MAMLUK SULTANS SILVER Year 1501 681 [Damascus]* Obv. like 1470 to ^j^^^ : mint above obliterated, but probably j^^jkj aj\,^2^^ Margin c>!H^<^ 5 l^*^*-' **-»' Rev. ^a^n-a)l JR IX. AL-ASHRAF KHALIL A.H, 689—693 = 1290—1293 a..d. GOLD 1509 Cairo, date obliterated Obv. like 1470 : above 5;,AlA)b ^j.^ Margin, traces of . . . iJjL^J) jUjjJI Eev. ^Jljl o^iaJ^-" O"!?"^—^^'^^ J-i**' >of—^ t/~** "n)! Margin, traces of ... . aJLJI a)I "i) 1510 Cairo, date obliterated Obv. like 1470, adding (J>jJ^)I ^J^ oj^^Ji*) beneath, and aX^ above in place of mint Margin iw^jA^.©.)! SjA'a)!.) iJjL.oJt jLo Rev. Oi"^ BM iv, 485 '2b'2 MAMLCK SULTAN8 SILVER Year 1511 690 Damascus Obv. like 1501 Mai gin aj[.^^^ ^^fuJj ax^ ^.I^>j ^j-'^ Rev. JLX^n o^^J^-" Margin j^-^i^l ^JL«.)I (jllaA~.)l X. AA-NASIR MOHAMMAD A.H. 6;»3-4, 698—708, 709—741 =1293-4, 1299—1309, 1310—1341 A.D. GOLD 1512 Mint and date obliterated Obv. aJUI A_Jl wjl A_X_JI J3 wj Margin Traces of date Rev. aJUI Margin obliterated Sf Bil Iv, 4»» 1518 Cairo, date obliterated Like 1512 : but above rev, SjaUHjI N 254 viamluk: sultan3 Year 1514 [7]38 Damascus Obv. aJUI 'ill aJI ^) w^xS* L^a^' O^i^ i^-^V^W Rev. like 1512 : but top lines, SILVER 1515 781 Damascus Obv. Hev. JUl«.)I o^^J^" (j_>jjJl3 IJjkJI j.^0 j.«^U)l Cp. BM iv, ei3 AZ,-NAS1R MOHAMMAD 255 Year 1516 Mint and date obliterated Obv. Kalima, etc., like 1512 Kev. 03*^^ _5 LjjkJI j,.oU ^..oUl O-JJ^-" -» Cp. BM iv, 604 COPPER 1517, 1518 [7]35 Damascus Obv. Kalima, etc., like 1512 Kev. ^^Ji^J,J BM iv, 621 XVII. AZ-SALIH ISMA'TL A.H. 743—746=1342—1845 a.d. GOLD Year 1519 745 Cairo Obv. Kali ma, etc., to iJ>jjJI ^Xc d^v^*^ Rev. A**j jj-;a<.«i! O-JJ^"^ L*JjkJI >l.«-c ^_^~o.^ Jk«.a».4 j.oU)t >i^.oJ' O-^ 45lo-a*-j3 0^*0 ['3] Cp. BM iv, 829 SILVER 1520 Damascus, date obliterated Obv. Kalima, etc. ; above, mint A Cp. JiM iv, 63.1 AX-SALIH isma'Il 257 Year 1521 744 Mint obliterated Like 1520 : but last two lines of obv., and last two lines of rev., M 1522, 1523 Damascus^ date obliterated Like 1521 : but ^J^-frW-il instead of J.*ji«*jI M C P P E K 1524—1526 743 Damascus Obv. ^j.jja.o-'^ Kev. j_J.iwo>j <»->-<^ On both sides the centre line of inscription is separated from the words above and below by a row of dots M BM iv, 539 1527 744 Damascus Like 1524 XIX. A^-MUZAFFAR HAJJI A.H. 747—748 = 1346—1347 a.d. GOLD Yeab 1528 748 (Jumada i) Damascus Obv. aJLJI j^=w-c ail -N)! All 's) A- p. 1529 Mint and date obliterated Like 1528 : obv. ends at ^^«W l26S) XX. AZ-NASIR HASAN A.H. 748—752, 755—62 = 1347—51, 1354—61 A.n. COPPEE Year 1530 [7j49 Damascus ^^a. j^U\ .iU^I Rev., ill geometrical border BM iv, M 1531 No mint or date Obv. >-«Ul JIX^I XXI. AZ-SALIH SALIH A.H. 752—755 = 1351—1354 GOLD 1532 752 Cairo Obv. Kcdima, etc., to aA^ O-:!"*^' Rev. S^aIaJIj w'j.'i' -,JU)! JLU-ll u^^*J^' -Jl-tf Ljj*)l^ Ui>)l ^*iV-£> ^::;5l iUw jk««^.« j.*9UJl .iU-oJl »># (259) XXII. AL-MANSUR MOHAMMAD A.H. 7fi2—764 = 1361—1363 a.d. GOLD Year 1533 [76]4 Cairo Obv. Knllma, etc., to ]{ev. iT BM iv, 570 1534 764 Alexandria Like 1533 : showing j.AJa.«J I, and beneath " A^ p. HM iv, 570'' COPPER 1535 L76]3 Cairo Obv. . . . Cj^j Aaw llev. j^^^-»J I Jl_X.«JI ^l_Ja.U)l ^_-jj>._JI_5 I * ijk !t ^'^ o ^^^l». j.a]a^)\ >ilX.«f)l j^^ J^«.a^^ HM iv, 573 (230J XXIII. AL-ASHRAF SHA'BAN A.n. 764—778 = 1363—1377 a.d. GOLD Year 1536 777 Aleppo Obv. Kalima, etc., to aX^ O-l^^^ Rev. *Lw woA^^^ v^j-^ 05*^ O-V jk 1537 ?./•.' Alexandria Like 1536 : coarsely engraved A^ p. COPPER 1538 765 Cairo O—i * '3 «UL«-x—«-wj Rev. ^X«JI o^Js^~J' BM Add, iv, 591'' 2G2 MAMLUK SFLTAXS Year 2. BURJI MAMLUKS I. A^-ZAH I R BARKU K A.H. 784—801 = 1382-1399 a.d. GOLD Year 1544 801 Cairo Obv. dj^\ j,Xt ^^ ^)l j,«aJI Uj ^^Xc O/vJas-J i^-aJI O-i^i Rev. j>tet ^ ^-^ S^ %l ft )V Vj"^ ^ftUaJI JL_JI_«J1 J^^lsl^M 4 Jl )aX *j . S I L V E K 1545—48 Aleppo, date obliterated Obv. Kalima, etc. ; above (on 1547 only) w-^s^j w^^-i Rev. JlJl.^1 O^^-^-^' ^ — 264 mamluk sultans Year 1549 Mint and date obliterated Obv. like 1545 Rev. Centre ^3> ^Jf Around JULoJl J(iaXJ^\ m, COPPER 1550 79 .r Mint obliterated Obv. 3 0^***^5 ^ • • Rev. [jLja^] ^\ M ^^^^i 1551 Damascus, date wanting In hexagram w> Rev. ^aUsJI II. AA-NASIR FARAJ A.H. 801—815 = 1399—1412 a.d. GOLD Ykar 1553 807 Cairo Ob v. like 1544 Rev. 1553 [8]1.'- Cairo Like 1552: but o£ date only jZs^ legible beneath rev. 1554 Aleppo, date obliterated Obv. like 1544 Eev. «_^Xa>^j ^j^ M M 26g mamluk sultans Year 1555 804 (814)* Cairo Obv. [j^^=w^ AJl)]t N)! [aJI 's)] [a X]^jl J3 ^>> •' [o—^] A^ BM iv, 647 1556, 1557 810 Cairo Like 1555: varied " A'' BM iv, Gio 1558 812 Cairo Like 1555 : varied A^ * The 'ij^ is not seen on the coin, but has probably been cut off. The type of coin with the fess on rev. did not, apparently, come into use before Barkuk. V. AL-MUAYYAD SHAYKH A.n. 815—824 = 1412—1421 a.d. 268 MAMLtJK SULTANS SILVER Year 1561 819 Damascus Obv. j^-i^ju Rev. ?^:^~' j^^d-*^—It ^—j^ M VI. AL-MUZAFFAR AHMADP A.H. 824 = 1421 A.D. SILVER 1562 ^lint and date obliterated Obv. •^)l aJI n) Rev. Centre J^^t^\ Margin ^:iJI ^^1 dU.^)| ,jUaJl^)t m p. IX. AL-ASHRAF BARS-BAY A.H. 825—842 = U22—1438 A.D. X. AL-'AZTZ YUSUF A.H. 842 = 1438 A.D. GOLD Ykar 1569 84[2] Miut obliterated Obv. like 1563 llev. [>j]>a_JI Jl_Jl.^)l o^^^—k^\ [a^_jI.^_j]1 Kf-^j yij't^i Cable border between lines ^ BM IV, fiB2 XI. AZ-ZAHIR JAKMAK ' A.Ti. 842—857 = 1438—1453 a.d. GOLD 1570 [8]43 [Cairo] Obv. like 1563 liev. [S>*1^W] Cable border between lines o AL-ZAHin JAKMAK 271 1571—1577 Like 1570: date obliterated, but Sj.aU)Ij clear on several specimens 8 I L V' E R 1578, 1579 Damascus, date obliterated Obv. J>-i;,_^jk_> w*^— Rev. Centre J^-o^*- Margin j^.sl^ ^\ jaUslII ^X«.)I o^^-" M 1580 [8Ja;4 Mint obliterated Like 1578: but 5tJj< beneath obv. XIII. AL-ASHRAF INAL ^.„. 857—805 = 1453—1461 a.u. GOLD Yeak 1581 [8]67 Mint obliterated Obv. like 1563 : but lowest line «>»-j Rev. [A] a V ... Cable border jr 1582 Mint and date obliterated. Like 1581 N SILVER 1583—87 Mint and date obliterated Obv. (in quasi-Kufio) Rev. Centre J^-^:' Margin ^jw'i)t ^XJI ^jUaJL-~)l BM iv, 668 1588 Cairo, date obliterated obv. within ornamented border ojaIa)Ij ; around, Kalima Rev. like 1583 '" ornamented border ; ^J^i^ Si (272) XV. AZ-ZAHIR KHOSHKADAM A.H. 865—872 = 1461—1467 a.d. GOLD 1589, 1590 Mint and date obliterated Obv. like 1563 Rev. Cable border ^ Cf. BM iv, 670 S [LVER 1591—3 Mint and date obliterated Obv. like 1583, in similar quasi-kufic. Rev. Centre, in circle jki^ii. Margin .... jAlliJI ,£UJI J^kJi\ M BM iv, 67-1 1594, 1595 Like 1591 : circle varied 1596 Like 1591 : but Rev. ja^L^ M (273) XVIII. AL-ASHRAF KAIT-BAY A.H. 873—901 = 14G8—U95 a.d. GOLD Year 1597—1606 Mint and date obliterated Obv. Rev. ^jJ.^J\ ^X-oJI O^^J^" Cable border on both sides. ^ BM ir, G78 SILVER 1607 [8].r4 Mint obliterated 01 )V. Centre oj-ai j.c Margin aJDI J^j jk.o^>^ aJL)I 's)I Rev. Centre j^ULjU AL-ASHRAP KAIT-BAY 275 1608—1610 Cairo, date obliterated Like 1607 : but Obv. Centre, in border, M BM iv, 694 1611—1614 CairOj date obliterated Like 1607 : but obv. arranged in three lines M 1615 Like 1607 : varied M 1616 Aleppo, date obliterated Like 1607 : but obv. centre s^ket- XIX. Ai^-NASIR MOHAMMAD A.H. 901—904 = U95— 1498 a.d. GOLD 1617 Mint and date obliterated Obv. like 1597 Rev. j-fiUt ^JLJI ^IM^I dj.*(3J J.C j^UZjlS » ) I (v_)l = Ol[iU^)l ^jl] ?) Cable bordei's. XX. A^-ZAHIR KANSUH A.H. 904—905 = 1498—1500 a.d. GOLD 1618 Mint and date obliterated Obv. like 1597 Rev. o^[J^lj edible liui-dors A' HM iv, 687 (276) XXII. AL-'ADIL TUMAN-BAY A.H. 906 = 1501 A.D. GOLD 1619 Mint and date obliterated Obv. like 1597 Rev. (»_JI as on 1617) Cable borders ^ XXIII. AL-ASHRAF KANSUH AL-GHURI A.H. 906—922 = 1501—1516 a.d. GOLD Year 1620 913 Mint obliterated Obv. like 1597: beneath ^ \r Kev. [O^jJaJUl Cable borders iV (ringed) BM iv, 691 (277) 278 MAMLtJK SULTANS Year 1621 915 Mint obliterated Like 1620: but ^ I Q if I?M iv, fi'.tl 1622 Like 1620 : no date if 1623 Like 1620 : date obscure 1624 Mint and date obliterated Obv. like 1597 Rev, Centre c>^^\9 Margin [d^-«aj^c ^*aJI ^1] wi>w*i)l >iJLUJI ,jUaJLJI AT 1625 Like 1624 : oj-aj ja clear if SILVE R 1626 Damascus, date obliterated Obv. Centre ^^-L«jo Margin Kalima M liev. like 1624, varied 1627, 1628 Liki' 1626 : but oval Ai 'OTHMANLI SULTANS OF TURKEY OTHMANLI SULTANS A.H. 282 A.n. IX. SALIM I. A.H, 918—92(5 = 1512—1520 a.d. GOLD Year 1629 (918)* Constantinople Obv. Formula A, viz. : ' ' I J-^ ' w>J o Rev. o\^ j^j v«S'^**' O^^*^ A <1a»^ j.5 iV 3-4 * A date enclosed in parenthesea signifies the year of the Sultan's accession. It does not follow that the coin was necessarily struck in that year : it was merely an epoch. X. SULAYMAN I. A.H. 926-974 = 1520— 1566 a.d. 5 SULAYMAN I. 285 Year 1686 Like 1634: but Kev. L5 -—ti— A' 3-5 1637—1639 (926) Serez (Siruz) Like 1630: but 15' J^Jw (vowel thus) iV 3-4 1640 Same : but Kev. 5 w L5 J 3^ j; (Two dots under *. of j^j.*^) VV 1641 (926) Damascus Like : but ^'^^ 1640 O^*" v**-^*^ l>^ ^ ^ n A^ 3-5 BM viii, 196 286 ' ^OTllMANLi SULTANS Year 1642 (926) Misr (Cairo) Like 1G80 : but A».») yAA ^ p. BM viii, 202 1U43—1645 Similar : but titles on rev. varied N 3-1, two p. BM viii, 204 COPPER 164G 929 Misr Ubv. aj.^J> j-G. jtA^ w)^.0 Rev. Ornament M 1647 952 Misr Obv. WJ/.0 ^tr Rev. Ornament XI. SALIM I I. A.H. 974—982 = 1566 — 1574 a.d. XII. MURAD III. A.n. 982—1003 = 157-4—1595 ad. GOLD Yeau 1653, 1654 (982) Constantinople Obv. — murau iii. 289 Year 1658, 1659 Like 1656: adding dli after ilj-e N one p. BM viii, 2tl 1660 (982) Aleppo Like 1653 : but ^UaX~f before ^#*Xw and s»-d». 1-9 iV 1661, 1662 (982) Misr Like 1653 : but rev. differently arranged, and last lines, N 1663—1676 Like 1661 : but Obv. Formula B : OUaJUJt ^''''. 25^ iV three p. l^^I XIII. MOHAMMAD III. A.H. 1003—1012 — 1595—1603 a.b. GOLD Year 1677 (1003) Constantinople Obv. Formula B A^ 3-4 BM viii, 257 1678 Damascus, year obliterated Like 1677 : but .... 4^w tJJi.*^ ^i /V 3-4 BM viii, 2C2 1679—1690 (1003) Misr Like 1677: but . N iwo p. BM viii, 271 (290) XVIM. IBRAHIM I. A.H. 1049—1058 = 1640— 1G48 a.d. GOLD Year . 1691 (1049) Misr Obv. Formula B Rev. i^f ^e*>;'l (^UoA*^ N' 3-3 BM viji, .158 XIX. MOHAMMAD IV. A.H. 1058—1099 = 1648—1687 a.d. 292 'OTIIMANU SULTAXS COPPER Yeak 169P. [1J078 Tripoli (Tarabulus Gharb) Obv. o^^-J^ -• Rev. ,^j\jia ^9 ^j * - . VA Ai B:M viii, 3d2 1694 1080 Tunis Obv. ^\. Jft_Jl~w 111 et'utre O Rev. ^j -a I .A. NEW COINAGE XX. SULAYMAN II. A.n. 1099—1102 = 1687—1691 a.d. XXI. AHMAD II. A.H. 1102—1106 = 1091—1695 a.d. XXIII. AH MAD III. A.n. 1115—1143 = 1703—1730 a.d. GOLD Year 1698 (1115) Constantinople Obv. Formula B Rev, Tughra I I U N' 3-1 p. Seq. F. BM viii, 437 1699 (1115) Tabriz Obv. Tughra liev. ^9 w>/.m9 M Ic above, ornament iV 3-3 p. Seq. P. BM viii, 4&4 1700—1746 (1115) Misr Obv. Formula B Eev. Tughra NIC have A> ; the (9 coins have ^ over yj^\ on obv. ; 4 rest have various arabesque or floral ornaments.) viii, 487 N- 3-4 Seq. F. BM (295) XXIV. MAHMUD I. A.H. 1143—1168 = 1730—1754 a.d. GOLD Year 1747 (1143) Tripoli (Tarabulus Gharb) Obv. MAHMCJD I. 297 Year 1749 1165 Algiers (Jazair) Obv. C)^L^ Rev. «->-« IPC N' -8 i Seq. F. XXV. 'OTHMAN III. A.H. 116 1750 (1168) Misr Obv. Formula B : jjo over ^^1 Kev. Tughrfi I llA N 2-5 p. Seq. Z.M.* BM viii, 587 * See note to p. 293. Q Q XXVI. MUSTAFA ill. A.H. 1171—1187 = 1757—1773 a.d. GOLD Year 1751 (1171) Islambdl ( Stambdl, Constantinople) Obv. Tughra, enclosed in foliate border Rev. ^s "-r>-« v| I I Date enclosed in an escutcbeon A^ 3-1 p. Seq. F. 1752—1754 (1171) Misr Obv. Formula B : j^^m over ^^jI Itev. Tuglua |v I I Jf 2-5 two p. Seri. Z.M. 1755 Same as 1752 : but e over ,^^1 J^ 2-5 p. Seq. Z.M. 300 'othmanli sultans Yeab 1759 1186 Tunis Same as preceding : but | | A 1 M BM viii, 665 Tunis 1760 Same as preceding : year obliterated 1761 1173 Tunis Ubv. WJ.-^ Rev. cy I l^i" M BM viii, 673 GOLD 1762 1174 Algiers (Jazair) Obv. jjllaJLj Rev. 1^9 -r^*^ I ive A'' 1-6 p. i Seq. F. 1763 (1171) Algiers Obv. ^jUaAw as 1762 : but date | v Rev. I | A^ -8 p. 4 Scq. F. XXVII. 'ABD-AL-HAMI D I. A.H. 1187—1203 = 1773-1789 a.d. GOLD Ykar 1764 (1187) + 16th year of reign.* Islambol (Constantinople) Obv. Tughra • Kev. I 1 AV I I iT 3-0 Seq. F. 1765 (1187) + ly.r. Misr Obv. Formula 1> : | ovei' ^A Rev. Tughra |AV I N 2-5. Se(i. Z.M. 1766 (1187) + 2. Misr ^j.jI Like 1765 : but T over A^ p. * From this reigu onwards the year of reign is stated on the coinage. To obtain the date, add the y.r. to the accession year and subtract 1 for the accession year itself. 302 'OTHMANLl SULTAN8 Year 1767 (1187) + 2. Misr Obv. Like preceding Eev. o^iALJ\ AV I I t7 BM viii, 731 1768—1770 (1187) +2, 7, 8. Misr Like 1767 : but over ,^j1, T, V, A respeatively ^ 1-2 \ Seq. Z.M. 1771 (1187) + 7. Tripoli Obv. Formula B : beneath, v Kev. Tughra I AV I fr 2-5 Seq. Z.M. DM viii, 735 1772 1188 Tunis ( )bv. i^\)aX^ Rev. j^ «->-« AA I I N 1-2 p. i ,Sc(i. Z.M. BM viii, 739 *abt)-al-hamId t. 303 COPPER Yeak 1773, 1774 1188 Tunis Obv. ^j\JaL, Rev, A A I I u^— j^—^ (Date obliterated on second) ^ BM viii, 7J2 A : XXVIII. SALIM ill. A.H. lL'03— 122-2 = 17S9— 1807 a.d. Islambol (Constantinople; GOLD Year 1775—1777 (1203) +6, 8, 9 Obv. Formula B 1 , A and ^ respectively over ^^i\ Rev. Tughra N 2-4 two p. Seq. Z.M. • BM viii, 755, 756 1778 (1203) + 15 Like 1775 : but | t over ^jI N 1-2 p. i Seq. Z.M. 1779 (1203) + 18 Obv. Tughra Rev. I Tn border, beneath, | T N 3-3. Seq. F. salim iii. 305 Year 1780 (1203) +3 Like 1779 : but above rev. beneath • T, | T T (not in border) A^ -8 p. i Seq. F. BM viii, 764 1781 (1203) +6 "1 Like 1780 : but A?" -8 p. i Seq. F. BM viii, 767 1782 (1203-) + 13 Like 1780 : but | Tj above d^-aj J.c N o twice p. i Seq. F. BM viii, 774 1783 (1203) + 15 Like 1780: but | Ci, above oj.^ jA A^ -5 p. i Seq. F. SILVER 1784—1787 (1203)+2, 4, 5, 8. Like 1779 M 24-5 Altmishlik* BM viii, 790 1788—1794 (1203) + 3, 4, 11, 13 (2 examples), 14 (2 ex.) Like 1779 (all but 1788 and 1792 are pierced ; 1793— 4 are concave) M 9-8—11-7 Piastre (17&9) BM viii, 793 * On the denominations of 'Othmanll silver coins, see the Catalogue of Oriental Coins in the British Museum, vol. viii., Introduction. K li 306 'OTHMANLi SULTASS Misr GOLD Yeae 1795 (1203) + 1. Obv. Formula B : ^1 over ^j.j\ Rev. TughrJl ^9 ^J'O 6^*A> j£- XXIX. MUSTAFA IV. A.H. 1222—3 = 1807—8 a.d. XXX. M AH M U D I I. A.H. 1223—1255 = 1808—1839 a.d. Constantinople GOLD (I)* Yeae 1827—1833 •(1223)+5(2t), 6(2), 8 (2), 11 Obv. Tuglu-a Kev. A, or C (1, I I) I rrr -8 N 2 p. ; 1 rinsred \ Seq. F. BM viii, 847, 848, 850, 853 1834, 1835 (1223) + 13, U Same : but above rev. d^oJ }^ ^ N BM viii, 855, 856 (11) 1836, 1887 (1223) + 10, 11 Like 1827 : but wavy borders tf 4-7 Double Seq. Z.M. BM viii, 861, 862 * The Roman numerals refer to the order of Types in the Catalogue of Oriental Coins in the British Museum, vol. viii., where the various denominations of the coins are also distinguished. t The number in ( ) parentheses shows how many coins there are of each regual year. MAHMUD II. 309 (HI) Year 1838—1841 (1223) +14 (2), 15 (2) Obv. centre Tughra Margin Formula B : at end Is Rev. centre (§(10) I rrr Margin jk*c ^UaJLJI ^^A ^jlj*. ^^^a^^ ,jUa.Jl~JI 4XX4 >et^ ^la» JiA^aJt N 2-1 three p. Seq. Z.M. BM viii, 873, 874 (III, Transition:) (Ddr-al-kJiildfa-l-'aliya) 1842—1844 (1223) + 15, 1G(2) Obv. Tughra, at right iJ«Xc Eev. I C ( M ) AT' rs three p. Sequin BM viii, 875, 876 (III A) 1845 (1223) + 19 Obv. centre Tughra, at right |«Jjkft Margin ^l^ i^^«« (^«^^ O^**; (J>e^'i^*»' O^^^** 310 — MAHMUD II. 311 (V) Year 1877—1888 (1223) + 26, 27 (4), 28 (2), 29 (4), 32 Like 1846 : but xio obv. marginal inscr. ; wreath borders 1-5 N all p. ; one ringed Seq. BM viii, 913—919 1889—1894 (1223) + 28 (2), 29 (2), 30, eSl Like 1877 N -7 foiir p. i Seq. BM viii, 922—5 SILVER (II) 1895—1899 (1223) + 17 (2), 18,20, 21. Obv. Formula B : I V, I A, r . , r I over yj^\, respectively Rev. O^J^' ^_j_? wJj n9 4 iLJ^>— >>!i I ^r^ M 5-6 all p. Piastre Cf. BM. viii, 947 1900—1904 (1223) + 18, 19, 20(2), 21 Like 1895: |A, |^,r»,ri over ^j.A resiiectively M, 2-7 all p. Yigirmi-paralik BM viii, 948 312 'OTHMANLl SULTANS (IV) Ybae 1905 (1223) + 23 Like 1846 : but no obv. marginal inscr. M 2'8 Piastre BM viii, 953 1906—1913 (1223) + 24, 25 (2), 27, 28 (2), 30 (2) Like 1905 M 1"6 one p. Yigirmi-paralik BM viii, 957-962 1914 (1223) + 30 Like 1905 M "8 On-paralik MAHMUB II. 313 Misr (Cairo) GOL D OLD ISSUE (1) Year 1916 (1223) + 13 Obv. Formula B : | T over ^jI -Uev. ^9 V^-^ -a J. A I rrr iV 2-1 p. Seq. Z.M. 1917—1926 (1223)+ 13 (5 ); 14 (3), 19, one obliterated Like 1827 : but mint j(.-£».« N' -6 all p. J Seq. Z.M. Cf. BM viii, 977 (IV) 1927—1999 (1223) + 21 (16),22 (16), 23 (14), 24 (8), 25 (11),26 (6), 27, 28. Like 1846 : but mint j^'Ao Ji -8 62 of the 73 are pierced 4 Seq. Z.M. BM viii. 978, £79 (V) 2000—2002 (1223) + 21, 22, 24 Like 1827 : but j..o^ ; wreath borders A' -i, -7 one p i Seq. Z.M. BM viii, 980, 981 S S 314 'OTlIMANLi SULTAKS Year 2003—2009 (1223) + 28, 29 (6) Like 2000: adding fjjs- on obv. ; wreath varied iV -7 four p. i Seq. Z.M. BM viii, 932 NEW ISSUE 2010 (1223) + 30 Obv. Tiighra, with i,'j^ ; beneath i'",w . r. Eev. I r rr ^ 8-3 100 Piastres 2011, 2012 (1223) + 31, 32 Like : and y.r. 2010 but %Jj,J,; r I , T T iV 1-6 20 Piastres BM viii, 083, ilSt SILVER OLD ISSUE (I) 2013 (1223) + 19 Like L'^27 : but mint j-o^ JR -S p. Para Cf. liU viii, »86« MAHMUD II. 315 • (11) Yeau 2014—2078 (1223) + 21 (12), 22 (25), 23 (16), 24 (4), 25 (3), 27, and obliterated (4) Like 2013 M 3-1 31 of the 65 p. Yigirmi-paralik BM viii, 987 2079—2082 (1223) + 21, 23, 26, and one obliterated Like 2013 M -5 all p. Para BM viii, 988 Tunis SILVER 2083 1250 Obv. U-i^t" (jl-JsuX—w Rev. • ^ >->y^ M, H'O Double piastre ? 2084 1251 Like 2083 M 11-6 XXXI. 'abd-al-majTd A, IT. 1255—1277=1839—1861 : 'abd-al-majId 317 new issue GOLD Yeab 2097 (1255) + 9 Obv. Tughva, above 7 stars beneath iw, quivers, and laurel brandies Rev. 6j,^i js. I roc N 3-6 50 piastres 2098 (1255) + 22 rr Like 2097 : but Aw N 17 25 piastres Misr (Cairo) NEW ISSUE GOLD 2099—2115 (1255) + 1, 3 (3), 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 Obv. Tughra : beneath \} " ji Ketc.) Rev. (^9 w^j.-i' c\ ,-* I rcc ^ 8-5 100 piastres BM vili 1106 2116 (1255) + 12 Like 2099 : but \^J:> K 2'1 25 piastres 318 'OTHMANLl SULTANS Yeae 2117—2134 (1255) + 2, 3 (2), 4 (3), 7, 8 (2), 12 (3), 13, U, 16, 18, and obliterated (2) Obv. Tughrfi : beneath ^ Eev. like 2099, save years of reign iV -4 5 piastres BM viii. 1108—1111 SILVER 2135 (1255) + 18 Like 2099 : Tughra, above rev. but beneath O ; | A ^•3 5 paras COPPER 2136 (1265) + 7 Like 2099: but beneath Tuglii-fi, »-_; ; v al)Ove rev. Ai 5 parai? Tunis (Mohammad BEr) NEW ISSUE GOLD 2137 1272 Obv. within wreath — 'abd-al-majId 319 Year Rev. within wreath N 9-5 50 kharrubas BM viii, 1133 2138 1276 Like 2137 : but beneath rev. vI±:j N 4-9 25 kharrubas SILVER 2139 1267 Obv. witliin wreath Jk j_C Rev. within wreath c^ '$—* ^ 15'9 Double piastre ? ^ XXXII. 'ABD-AL-'AZIZ A.n. 1277—1293 = 18G1— 1876 a.d. Misr (Cairo) GOLD Year 2U0—2154 (1277) + 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 (2), 12, 13, U, 15, 16 Like 2099 : bub Tughra of *Abd-al-'Aziz, and bene;ith rev. | Tvv ; years of reign from f to | T ^ 8-4 100 piastres Tunis (Mohammad Bey az-Sauik) GOLD 2155 1281 Obv. within wreath Rev. j^s^^ 5jk I.. V— I rM iV 19 5 100 kbarrubas 'abd-a.l-'azIz 321 Year 2156 1281 Like 2155 : but beneath rev. N 1-9 10 kharrubas BM viii, U83 2157 1281 Like 2155 : but beneath rev. v.-£i) I TAl N '^ h kharrubas BKONZE 2158 1281 ' Like 2155 : but above rev. f, beneath | Ta | M 2 akchas Bil viii, 1187 T T XXXIII. MURAD V. A.u. 1293 = 1876 A.u. Misr (Cairo) GOLD Year 2159,2160 (1293)4-1 Like 2099 : but Tughnl of Miirad V., cand bcucath vcv. | f ^ T iV 8-6 100 i)ia.stro8 (322) — XXXIV. 'ABD-AL-HAM ID II. A.H. 1291^ = 187fi A.D. regnant Misr (Cairo) (J O L 1) Year 2161, 2162 (1293)+ 12 \.^" Obv. Tnghra : beneath it Rev. I r I \\r Floral borders N 8'5 100 piastres (323) THE KHALIFA OF THE SUDAN, 'ABD-ALLAH SILVER Year 2163—2106 1310 Omdurman Obv. J^f*^ ill Tughra form Beneath, ^ Wreath beneath, and sprig and cinquefoils above Key. ^c* ^j"^ in . Enclosed in wreath ; above, cinquefoils M (base; 20-4 20 piastres 21G7—2170 1311 Omdurman Obv. SjujkBf. aX^e. in Tughra form Beneath, J' Borders of stars, waves, roses, etc. Rev. 6j,^ JA I r I I Borders as obv. M (base) 20'5 20 piastres 2171 1311 Omdurman ir Same as 21G7 : but Mahdiya year Aw M (base) (324,) VAEIOUS DYNASTIES SPAIN AND NOKTH AFKICA OMAYYADS OF CORDOVA [I. 'Abd-az,-11ahman I.]* M Mint, Al-Andalus. A.n. 152, 153, 161, 166 (two examples)! [II. HiSHAM I.] JR Al-Andalus, 173 [III. Al-Hakam I.] M Al-Andalus, 185, 196, 197, 201 [IV. 'Abd-al-Rahman II.] M Al-Andalus, 207, 220, 221, 231 (2 ex.), 235 [V. Mohammad I.] M Al-Andalus, 2^1 (2 ex.), 244 or 247, 246, 263 VIII. 'ABD-Ai^-RAHMAN III. M Al-Andalu3, 333, 335 ; Madinat-aZ-Zahra, 33x, 339, 345, 849 IX. Al-Hakam II. M Madlnat-aZ-Zahra, 354 (ji^lj) X. HisHAM II. M Al-Audalus, 381, 388, 393 XII. SuLATMAN. M Al-Andalus, 405. Like BM ii, 132, but beneath obv. ».j.o»»« (?) HAMMUDIDS OF MALAGA VIII. Mohammad al-MahdI. Al Al-Andalus, [4]40, [4] 43. BM ii, 153, and Add. 1471 * As in the case of the Eastern Omayyad Caliphs, the names of the Omayyad Amii-s of Spain do not appear upon their coinage, until the reign of 'Abd-aZ-Rahnian III., who was the first to style himself "Khalifa." t All these and the following coins of the Omayyads are also in the British Museum Catalogue, except those of a.h. 152, 207, 221, 246, and 405, distinguished by thicker type ; and these, except the last, are published in Vives, Monedat de los Dinastiaa Arahigo- e$panolas, nos. 50, 123, 159, and 254. (327 J 328 VAEIOUS DYNASTIES HUDIDS OF ZARAGOZA II. Ah.aiad I. JR Zaragoza (Sarakusta), year oblite- rated. BM ii, 161 KING OF DENIA II. Ikbal.a/,-Dawla 'AlI. M Denia, year obliterated (Cp. ViVES, 1312) idrTsids of morocco I. Idris I. M Tudgba, 174. BM ii, 183 II. IdeIs II. ^ Walila, l.r.r. BM ii, 186 AGHLABIDS AND FATIMIDS See above, pp. 125— 131 and 147—199 CALIPH OF SIJILMASA Ai^-SHAKiE Li-LLAii N No mint, 345 Obv. aJUI juc ojk.».^ a.JUt Margin obscure Rev. aJU Margin t^-o-*" **~' ^'^^^ '-J^* 'r-!/'^ '^^^^ jo-^i MURABITS (ALMORAVIDES) II. YOsuF B. TasufTn. N Sijilmasa, 471. Like BM V, 4, save mint and date.* * Tjie earliest known coin of Yusuf. Tho scries in ViVKS begins at A.n. 480, tlio BM at Sijilmasa, 484, the St. Petersburg Hermitage at Sijilmasa, 481. Yusuf must have struck this coin as governor under Abfi-Uakr (of. BM v, p. 3, note *). SPAIN AND NORTH AFUICA 329 III. 'AiA A^ Seville, 519. BM v, 24 Granada, 620. YiVES, 1620 Alnieria, 522, 523. BM v, 31, 34 M Without mint or date. VivES, 1700 Anonymous. Af No mint, 640. Like VivES, 2001, except date. MUWAHHIDS (ALMOHADES) I. 'Abd-al-Mu-min. N Fez (Fas), no date. BM Add. V, S-t'* II. Abu-Ya'^ub Yusuf I. N No mint or date. Three coins. BM v, 89, 90, 97 III. Abu-Y'dsuf Y'a'kub. A^ No mint or date. Like BM V, 100 XII. Abl-Hafs 'Omar. Af Ceuta (Madina Sabta), no date. BM v, 108 Anonymous. JR No mint or date. Twelve coins. BM V. 121 (without mint), varied; oue with mint, Tilimsau, BM v, 122 LATE GRANADA Anonymous. Ai Granada (Gharnata), no date. Two coins. BM ii, 181. — Madina Gharnati, no date. BM Add. ii, I82f HAFSID OF TUNIS II. Abu-'Abdallah Mohammad. N No mint or date. Like BM v, 158, but rev. margin, ^A Je».^)l j^-o^^ marTnid V^III. ABU-RAsr Sulayman. A'' Tilimsan, no date. P'ii, 987 u u 1 ,330 VARIOUS DTNASTIE3 MOORISH ANONYMOUS N No mint or date. BM v, 224 ^ Mint and date obliterated. Like BM v, 205 ; but obv. area different, margins obliterated N No mint or date. P ii, 1036 illegible N No mint or date ; worn and FILALI SHARIFS II. IsMA'iL. N Fez, 1115. Like BM v, 265, save date, N Fez, date obliterated. Two coins. Like BM V, 265 VIIL SuLATMAN. N' Flz, 1218. BMv, 319 IX. 'Abd-a^-Rahman. N Fez, 1248. BM v, 328 'Abd-al-Kadih. JE Takdamt, 1255. BM Add. v, 352« M Takdamt, 1256. BM Add. v, 352 PERSIA, ETC. DULAFID V. 'Omar b. 'Abd-al-'Aziz. A^ Hamadhan, 281, BM Add. ii, 429PP SAMANIDS* ir. Isma'il b. Ahmad. JR Andaraba, 290 (omitting Aw and J 0? ^i>jjki\) Samarkand, 283, 284, 286, 287, 288, 289 (Caliph Al-Mu'tadid), 291 AZ-Shasb, 280,t 282 (beneath obv. stS:.j), 28^,| 283, 284, 285, 286 (two coins), 287, 288 (two), 289 (two§), 290 (two), 291 (beneath obv. ^j\ jjj^\ aj^juJl ^)_5 ^.«.a^)l), 292, 293, 294 (two) Naysabur, 293, 294 III. Ahmad b. Isma'il. JR Andaraba, 300 (beneath obv. j-tfij ^.jI) Al-Biyar, 298 Samarkand, 29-5, 296,|| 297, 300 AZ-Shash, 295, 296, 297, 299, 301 Naysabiir, 298 (Usurper) Ishak b. Ahmad. JR Samarkand, 301. Be- neath rev. jk<.5i.l ^J j_^siir.«(! (instead of ^j.J jto^-t ^^Aa«-wl) * Those coins which are not in the BM Catalogue are distinguished varieties are fully described here. by thicker type ; only remarkable of Caliph but clearly t Without name of Isma'il, only that ; a Samilnid issue. ' rev. t With >.! jj beneath obv., and J-«— beneath al-Muktafl. § One with Caliph al-Mu'tadid, the other with Caliph al-Muktadir. i 332 TAHIOUS DYNASTIES (Usurper) MTka-il b. Ja'fae. M A7-Shasb, 306. Be- neath rev. jASket. ^jj (J«J^iC.^ (instead of j».«.».l yjj j.^) IV. Nasr II. B. Ahmad. N Al-Moliammadija, 315. BM Add. ii, 2931' JR Andaraba, 302, 305 (two coins : beneath obv. ; rev., beneath j-oj J'v-' O^ »*«»' and on ^_^ Balkh, 312 Samarkand, 302 (two), 303, 304, 305 (two), 306, 307, 308, 309, 310 (two), 311, 312, 318, 325 (beneath obv. ^), 326, 328, 331 ( c c), dx2 A7-Sbash, [30]1, 303, 306, 311, 314, 315 (two), 316,317,321,324,32.'-)? Xaysabur, 314 (beneath obv. _ij.A_a V), 324 Mint and date illegible V. NuH I. B. Nasr. M Samarkand, 333 (Caliph, ul- Mutlakl), 334 (above obv. i, beneath cc ; Caliph, al-Mustakfi) VIII. NOh II. B. Mansub. A" Naysabiir, 384. Beneath ^^^^} "^-^ obv. BM ii, 418 IX. Maksur B. NuH. A" JS'aysabur, 387.* Above obv. ^Jjk,c ; beneath, ,,^jl^!l ^A Oj 3—'--'^i Beneath rev. aX) ajUaJI * A similar dinar is at Copenhagen. The name of the Ilfijib Begtfizun occurs also on a copper coin of Bukhrirfi, 385, in the Mueee Asiatique at St. Petersburg, and on a gold coin of Nayeabur, 389, in the collection of M. de rEcluac. t This is the only known instance on a coin of this title, " The King fortified [by GodJ." PERSIA, ETC. 333 GHAZNAWIDS VII. MahmCd. N" Mint and date obliterated. BM Add. ii, 458'' N Najsabur, 400 JR Naysabui", 397 (Calipli, al-Kadir beneath obv. ; beneath rev. ^-»a.^) 39x JR Mint obliterated, (above obv. }t ; beneath aJUIj jilSJl at right «u^ IX. Mas'ud. Al-Biyai-, 426. Above obv. N' Jj.c ; beneath aA.JI j^U ^Ia)I. Above rev. aX) ; beneath aA.)I ^j> j^Vi amTr al-umara Ba-jkam. M Madinat-aZ-SalSm, 329. BM Add. ii, 61(5* BUWAYHIDS Mu'izz-az-Dawla. N Madinat-a/-SaIam, 349. Two coins (Wt. 4-54, 4-17). Like BM ii, 638, save date 'Izz-a/,-Dawi>a. A" Madinat-aZ-Salam, 358 (Wt. 4-25), 360 (Wt. 4-32), both like BM ii, 653, save date, and above obv. .Ac; 363 (Wt. 4-05), BM Add. ii, 653*^, but above obv. 'Adud-az-Dawla. A" Sak-al-Ahwaz, 368 (Wt. 426), 369 (Wt. 4-65), 370 (VVt. 3-70). Like BM ii. 655 .41 Bardasir, 362* Obv. like BM ii, 663 ; but above :s, beneath o ; and no outer marciiu * Compare a coin of Mr. Leggett's described in Lank-Poole, Essays in Oriental Numismatics, 3rd Series, Private Collections, 26. Shir Zayd •was the name of Sharaf-aZ-Dawla, who acted as his father's viceroy. 334 VARIOUS DYNASTIES Kev. aJJ Margin : Prophetic Mission Shauaf-aa-Dawla M A1- Basra, 376 Obv. d J>c A)l_)l ^j\ AJI -^^ Margin : Mint and date ; no outer margin visible Key. dJD k> « Ar^ aJ.J I j^A-.9 Margin : Proi)lictic IMission Baiia-aa-D.wvla. N" Maduiat a/.Salam, 403 (Wt. 2-81), 101 (two coins, Wts. 3-32, 2-80 p.). BM ii, 679, 680 PERSIA, ETC. 335 HASNAWAYHID Bade ^ Sabfu-Klmwast, 397* Obv. =. _, aJI_H.j j^UJI Margin (sic) jj\^ jUjji,JI IJ^a v>-^ '^^'^^ ^""i Kev. aJU aX)I ^^^''J k>'0>^»-^ A_JjJt,Jt Jk.:^^ Margin : Prophetic Mission * See E. T. Rogers ia Numismatic Chronicle, II., xi., 258-G3. SYEIA AND MESOPOTAMIA (ARAB PERIOD) HAMDANIDS Nasir- and Sayf-a^^-Dawla. N MaJiii;it-a/-Salam, 3;^>1. BM Add. iii, 2^ M Nasibin, 330. BM iii, 4 M M.-aZ-Salam, 331 (2 ex.)- Similar. BM iii, 5 M Al-M6sil, 332; and 349. BM iii, 11 AbC-l-Ma'ali and AbC-l-Hasax.* M Probably Madlnat- a/-Salam, year obliterated Obv. AjL)t ^)\ aJI 's) Margin >«•? ^*jJ^5' '->^ Rev. ]\Iargin obliterated * Tliis remarkable cuiu shows the allegiance oi' the last llanidiiiiids to the Fatimid Caliph. : STRIA AND MESOPOTAMIA 337 KARMATID* (Carmathian) Al-Hasan b. Ahmad N' Filastin, 361, 362 (both pierced) Obv. aJI)! -n)! Alt 's) > ^^ A.) JOj-i '^ 6 i I ^J t Margin 1 a*»j ,j^Ja~.A.Aj jUj-xM IJ^A w>/*i aAJI ^^j AJ\0C wvXj^ O'S^'^J Li'J^^' Eev. aJlJ AAc aX)I j«1-0 A.XJ *_^.JsuJI Margin : Prophetic Mission "^"^ "* (The dinar of 362 has instead of , and j.*jjJt instead of jUjj^ll, and ^>A*Jt) MIRDASIDt I. Salih b. Miedas. AF Aleppo (Madinat Halab), 417 Obv., in three circles 1 (sic) ^ ^U aX)[I] J^^j j^^->^^ aJDI '^)I a)I -n) 3 a;^^ «_.aXi^ A^ji^j j,Ujjk)t tjub w)/-«^ aX)! ^.^^ Ajl,« ^0'^ j..^^ /^**«' * See Lane-Poole in Numismatic Chronicle, II., .\ix., 74-6. t See Sauvaibe, i6(''i., II., xiii., 335-'ll. X X 338 TAEIOUS DYNASTIES Rev., in tliree circles, >6UN)I 1 (sic) ^ll ^t^\ Akn ^J-ii j|>t'^ ^AUi)l Centre aXX 'OKAYLID * Mohammad b. Safwan N Karkisiya, 275 Ubv. ^)t A_!l -N) oL*--J;.aj Margin 1 (ajc) j.-j>M ' JJb w^j-^ *^" >o~*:' llev. aX) J > ' J A \ J I aWI ^-Xc jk_^JLx«,)l Margin : Prophetic Mission * For Moliammad b. Safwan, Bee Kat, Okaylls, 13; At-TABARi, iii. 2028; Ibn-al-Athir, vi. 396, vii. 276. Tlie Mohammad on the obverse is Ibu-Abl-Z-Saj, llie overlord : see above, p. 90, no. 640. STRIA AND MESOPOTAMIA 339 MARWANIDS I. Al-Hasan. M Mayyafarikin? (,^....V), 385. Like BM iii, 48 II. Mumahhid-az-Dawla. JR Mayyafarikin, 394, with name of Baha-aZ-Dawla (Buwayhid) ou rev. III. Nasr-az-Dawla. M Mayyafaiiklu, 407 Obv. Kali ma ; beneath Rev. aXM ^J^-y J>..frSi»-« <*_Jl ) Lj j i La_) I M. Al-Kafr (j.*i=OU), 410. As preceding, but omitting j^a»..« beneath obv., and adding ^ beneath rev. SELJUK DYNASTIES GREAT SELJUKS I. TuGHRiL Beg. N Al-Ahwaz, 448. BM iii, 58 N Madinat-aZ-Salam, 448 II. Alp-Auslan. N Naysfibur, 457. Nearly similar to BM iii, 60 Yll. Mohammad. N M.-a7-Salam, 601,* 605, 613 (Caliph al-Mu3tarshid) SELJUKS OF KIRMANt SELJUK DYNASTIES 341 SELJUKS OF AL-'IRAK IV. Mas'ijd. N Damascus, 536. Like BM iii, 88, but mint and date in outer obv. margin; and rev. area ^j.U*|.^)t j.*^\ ^eU*^! Outer rev. margin, \ | the Prophetic Mission N Mint and date obliterated (2 ex.) Obv. Kalima in three lines ; beneath, Rev. •^-^ Margins obliterated A'' Mint and date obliterated (3 ex.) Obv. as preceding Rev. i^Jt^o Margins obliterated jV (2 ex.) Similar to preceding, but last lines of rev., Above obv, Jj^o Above rev. i^^^^^ A'' Mint and date obliterated ; names and titles of Slnjar and Mas'iid. 342 VAltlOUS DYNASTIES VII. SuLATMAN Shah. N [554-5]* Obv, as preceding, same Caliph ; above ,Jj>c Rev. ^U< Margins nearly obliterated J^ Similar : but rev. arranged as on second type of Mas'ud, but ^l.o->J^w at left, ' 6lw at right seljOks of rOm VIII. Sdlatman II. ^ Rasht, 598 (2 ex.) BM iii, 108 XL Kay-Kubad I, /R Kaysar!ya,G17. CMiii, 127 M Koniya, 619. BM iii, 131: M Slwas, 623. BM iii, 142 M Koniya, 625. BM iii, 155 XII. Kay Khusrlt II. N Koniya, 635 M Slwas, 634, 635. BM Add. iii, 185, 186 XIII. Kay-Kaavus II. M K6niya, 644? BM iii, 234 Sons OP K.-KhusuC II. M Siwas, 647 or 9. BM Add. iii, 260' XIV. Kilij-Ahslan IV. Ai Koniya, 660 yll 661 XV. KAY-KiiusKr HI. ^l Siwas, 667 ; Lulun. 666 ? XVI. Mas'ud II. A\ 687 =•• Tlio Calipli al-Muktal'I died in 5.55, and Sulaymfiu Sluih began to reign iu 554. II. TiMUUTASH. 344 VARIOUS DYNASTIES VII. Az-Sa'Id GhazI. M Maridin, x BM iii, 488 JR Maridin, 646? with name of AZ-NfisirYiisuf. BMiii,489 JR 653 or 6, G.r5, similar to pre- ceding ZANGIDS OF AL-MOSIL III. KUTB-AZ:-DlN MoDUD. M 556 (2 ex.) BM iii, 502 M 667, 5G9. BM iii, 512 IV. Sayf-az-DIn GnAzI II. JE Al-Jazlra, 575. BM iii, 521 JE Al-Jazira? 575. BM iii, 524 V. 'Izz-A^-DiN Mas'ud I. ^ Al-Mosil, 585. BM iii, 529 ^ Al-Mosil, 58G. BM iii, 532 VI. NuR-AX-DiN Arslan Shah I. M Naslbin, 59[4]. BM iii, 536 VII. 'Izz-Ax-DiN Mas'ub II. M Al-Mosil, G07 (7 ex., slightly varied). BM iii, 544 and 538 ^ Al-M6sil, 608. BM iii, 558 IX. Nasir-az-DIn Mahmud ^ Al-Mosil, 620 (3 ex.) BM iii, 564 M Al-Mosil, 627 (4 ex.) BM iii, 567 Badr-ax-DIn Lu'lu N Al-M5sil, 645, 64a;, 650, 656 (the last with the Mongol Mangfi's name, Cp. BM iii, 573, 574, 575) A\ 65.r, mint obliterated JE Al-Mosil, G31(3 ex.) BMiii,576 ^ Al-Mosil, X, [6.r]2 ATABEGS, ETC. 345 ZANGIDS OF SYRIA I. NuR-Az:-DiN Mahmud. M Al-Kahira (Cairo), 567 (struck bj Salah-aZ-L>in. Cp. BM iii, 596, 597) M Damascus, 558 (6 ex.) Like BM iii, 601 IT. Isma'Il M Aleppo, date obliterated. BM iii, 604 JE X. Different type ZANGID OF SINJAR II. KuTB-Az:-DiN Mohammad. M Sinjar, 596 (2 ex.) BM iii, 621 M Sinjar, 696 (2 ex.) BM iii, 624 ^ Sinjar, 600. BM iii, 629 ZANGID OF AL-JAZTRA II. Mu'izz-Az:-DiN Mahmud ^ Al-Jazira, 606 (2 ex.) BM iii, 646 begtigFnid of irbil III. KuKBUEi. M Al-Jabal (1*JW), 587 JEl Irbil, 597. BM iii, 659 ^ Irbil, 5%x. BM iii, 655 JE Irbil, X, BM iii, 661 MONGOLS GREAT KAAN IV. MangQ. M Astarabad. Obv. ^j\ aJI n) Marsrin obliterated ]iev. >L)lj,*wl ^ Tiflis, 651 or 2, Jumfula II. Obv. Kalima Rev. 15 IjCJCJ^.* J i l-a-Jt Date ill margin. Of. BM vi, 3 ILKHANS OF PERSIA . HuLAGU. N Baghdad, 656 (a doubtful coin) M Irbil, 660, Al-Mosil, 663, 669, BM vi, 21 ; and 12 ex. obscure Ml Al-Mosil, 664 ? with names of Mangfi and Hulfigu JEi Ir])il, 6j;1, and two obscure, with llulagfi only J I, Ahaoa yll 66.'', mint obliterated (9 ex.) M Al-M(')sil, X. BM vi, h-2 M Mint and date obUterated. BM vi. 58 J MONGOLS 347 III. Ahmad. ^ Mint and date obliterated: usual type M Obv.* wJ^)! ^«— t L.g Margin obliterated Rev. The Khan's name and title in Mongol IV. AiiGHUN. M Tabriz, 683, 686, 68x (3 ex.) Kalima on obv. VII. GnAz.lN. M Khilat, 698 (3 ex.) VIII. Uljaitu. N Baghdad, 709: usual type. ^H 707, 714, etc., mints obscure(7 ex.); and 3 M IX. Auu-SA'ii). N Damighan, 722 N Baghdad, 723 N Khoi, 727 JR Sultaniya, Baghdad, Isfahan, Kaz- win, Kashan, Erzeriim, Baran, Yazd, Sinjar, Nakhchuwan, Sawa, Hamadhiln, Hasr Kaghi ; years ranging from 717 to 733, but often illegible (42 ex.) XII. Mohammad. M Hamadhan, 738 ; Kashan, 738 XVI. SuLAiMAN. N Yazd, 741. BM Add. vi, 324p M Firim, 746 Abu-Ishak. M. Hamadhan, 744 ; Kazwin, x; and 2 with mint and date obliterated * This inscription, in the name of the Trinity, is explained by Ahmad Khau's profession of the Christian religion. I SHAHS OF PERSIA ZAND KA.EiM Khan. ^ Tabriz, 1186, 1187. BM, Persia, 333 KAJAR Nisiu-Ai-DlN, N Mashhad Mukaddas, 1268. BM, Persia, 581 N Mint obliterated, 1274 N Dar-al-mulk Tabaristan, 1279 (2 ex.) M Tiliran, 1297 (milled edge) TBANSOXIANA MANGIT Nasu-Allah. N Bukhara, 1257, 1275. BM vii, 207, 210 KHOKAND Khudayab. N Khotand, 1272, 1273, 1274. Like BM vii, 232 Satyid Mohammad. N Ivhokand, 1276. Obv. like BM vii, 239 ; Rev. I o r N Khokaiul, 1276 : inscription differently arranged KASHGHAR [Ya'kCb, Atalik GuAZi] N Kashghar, 1291. BM vii, 2U am APPENDIX NOEMAN KINGS OF SICILY A.D. II. 350 NORMAN KINGS III. ^r Madinat Sikiliya (i.e. Palermo), 536=a.d. 1141. Same as preceding, but rev. outer margin, w>j-«s IV. A^ Same as preceding, but mint obliterated; date [5]49 = A.D. 1154 V. JE Palermo, no date Obv., Centre R€X Margin ROG€RIVS Kev. .^U WILLIAM I VI. M Mint and date obliterated Obv. R€X w Margin illegible Rev. obliterated VII. ^ Mint and date obliterated Obv. ^.Jl_«)l Margin illegible Kev. dJJL. LATTX KINGDOM 351 WILLIAM II. VIIL— X. JE No mint or date ^ Obv. Lion's head Kev. ^X^\ , JUJt LATIN KINGDOM OF JEKUSALEM XL— XIII. ^ Acre, 1245 A.D. = 642 A.n. Obv. «^)l Margin obscure, divided by crosses Rev. In centre, cross ; Around, ^j«-»^3 C>i^^3 ^' ^~' ^^^ ^J^ XIY.—XVII. A" Similar, but margins illegible ADDENDA* 'ABBASID CALIPHS XV. Al-Mu'tamib. N Misr, 264. Like 620, omit- ting ^ XVII. Al-MfktafI. A^ Misr, 295. Like 629 XVIII. Al-Muetadir. N Misr, 297. Like 647 AT Misr, 298. Like 642. P. i, 1136 * The following coins were accjnired after the greater part of the Catalogue was printed. (362) ( 353 ) I.—INDEX OF PERSONS* Abaga, 346. 'Abbdd, 65. -'Abbds, 64, 66. -'Abbas, Abu-l-, b. Amir-al-mu'manln [-Radi], 90-96. -'Abbas (b. -Musta'in), 80. 'Abbasid Caliphs, 27-108, 117-23, 352. •Abd-al-'Aziz (^Otlimanli), 320, 321. *Abd-al-'Aziz ['Omai']. 'Abd-al-Hamid (i., 'Othmaali), 301-3. *Abd-al-Hamid (ii., 'Othmanli), 323. *Abd-al-Kadir, 330. 'Abd-Allah (i., Aghlabid), 127. 'Abd-Allak (b. -Mu'tazz), 81. 'Abd-Allah b. Sa'id, 46. 'Abd- Allah, Abil, [-Mu'tazz, 78]. ^Abd-al-MajId ('Othmanli), 316-19. 'Abd-al-Malik (Omayyad), 110. 'Abd-alMalik b. Marwan, 114, H^. 'Abd-al-Malik b. Yaz'id, 117. 'Abd-al-Mu-miu (Almohades), 329. ^'\.bd-aZ-Rahman (ill., Omayyad of Cordova), 327. *Abd-aZ-Rahman (Sharif), 330. * Only names which occur on the coins are given in this index ; names of Caliphs which are inferred from the dates must be sought in the Table of Contents. The name or title most commonly employed is selected, but cross-references [in square brackets] are given from other names likely to be looked for. Names and numbers of heirs, wazTrs, governors, overlords, etc., are printed in italic type. The figures refer to the pages of this volume, not to the numbers of the coins, h. signifies ihn, A hyphen before a name represents the article al. z z . 354 INDEX OF PERSONS Abu-1-Hasan (Hamdanid), 336. Abu-1-Ma'ali (Hamdanid), 336. Abu -Sa'id, 347. .'Adid (Fatimid), 199. -•Adil (i., Ayyubid), 213-218, 221. -'Adil (it., Ayyubid), 226. -'Adil Tumaa-Bay (Mamluk), 277. 'Adud-a?-dawla (Buwaybid), 333. Aghlabids, 124-131. Ahmad (Agblabid), 130. Ahmad (Hudid), 328. Ahmad (llkban), 347. Ahmad (ii., 'Othmanli), 294. Ahmad (in., 'Otbmanli), 295. Ahmad h. Sahl, 332 Ahmad (Samanid), 331. Ahmad b. Tulun, 135, 136. Ahmad [-Muzaffar]. -Afshln, b. [^Fat]i\. 'AH, 48,55. •All (Mnrabit), 329. 'All b. Aybak [-Mansur]. 'All h. Baraka, 55. 'Anb.-llajjuj, 121. 'All [lkbal-a/-dawla]. 'All b. -IkbsliM, 14.5. 'All h. 'Jad ('Alid), 54. 'All Bey (Kgypt), 299, note. 'All misr i-Nasir), 61. 'All, Abu-, SS2. • Al.MOIIADKS, 329. Al.MOKAVIDES, 328-9. Alp Arslan (Seljuk), 340. Alpi (Ortnkid), 343. 'Aiiufl-nUdawla (-Hiisayn b. -Kasim), 94- .Annn Mohammad ('Abbasid), 50, 52, 53, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, til, 62, 64, 122. INDEX OF PEKSUNS 355 -Amir (Fatlmid), 188-192. AmIr al-Umara, 333. '^Amr, b. [UishCan]. Arghiin, 347. Arslan Shah (i., Zangid), 344. -Ash raf Bars-Bay (Mamluk), 269. -Ashraf Inal (Mamluk), 272. -Ashraf Kait-Bay (Mamluk), 274-5. -Ashraf Kansuh al-Ghuri (Mamluk), 277 -Ashraf Khalil (Mamluk), 251-2. -Ashraf Sha'ban (Mamluk), 261-2. 'Asim, h., 116. Aybak [-Mu'izz]. -'Aziz (Fatimid), 158-162. -'Aziz Mohammad (Ayyubid), 233-4. -'Aziz 'Othman (Ayyfibid), 210, 211. -'Aziz Yusuf (Mamluk), 270. Badr b. Hasnawayh, 335. Baha-aZ-dawla (Buwayhid), 334, 339. BahlQl [Yahyu]. Bajkam (Amir al-Umara), 333. Baraka [-Sa'id]. Baikuk [-Zahir]. Bars-Bay [-Ashraf]. Baybars [-Zahir], Begtuzun, 332. BUWATHIDS, 333-4. Diiwud, 4.9, 57, 68, 61. Denia. 328. DJiu-X-Riydsatayn, 66-73. Dhu-l-Wizaratayn, 82. Dhu-l-Yaminayn \Tdhir'\. DULAFID, 331. -Fadl, 57, 68, 69, 71, 73. 356 IXDEX OP PERSONS -Fadl, Abu-l-, b. Amh'-al-mu'manm, 100, 101. -Fa-iz (Fatimid), 198. Faraj [-Nasir]. Fath b. -Afshm (Sajid), 90. Fawaris, Abt't-l-, Begtiizun, S32. FiLALIS, 330. Ghazatt, 347. Ghazi (ii., Zangid), 344. Ghaznawids, 333. -Ghuii [-Ashraf Kansuh]. -HadI ('Abbasid) MHsd,43, 47 j -Mardi, 47. -Hafiz (Fatimid), 195-6. Hafsid, 329. -Hajjitj, b. ['All]. -Hfyjl [MuzafFar]. -HaJcam, 55. -Hakam (ii., Omayyad Cordova), 327. -Hakim (Fatimid), 163-8, 336. -Hakim {Egypt. 'Abbusid), 2Jf7. Hamdanids, 336. Hammudid, 327. Hamuya, 55. Hurith, 56, 57. Harthama, 55, 70. Harun b. Khumarawayh (Tuliiuid), 140, 141. Harun [-Rashld]. Hasan (or Jaysh), Jf6, Hasan [-Nasir]. -Hasan b. Ahmad (Karmatid), 337. -Hasan (Marwanid), 339. -Hasan, AVm-l-, (Hamdauid), 336. Hasnawathid, 335. Hishdm b. 'Amr, 117. Hisbam (ii., Omayyad Cordova), 327. HCDin, 328. INDEX OP PERSONS 357 Hulagu, 346. -Husayn, Abu-1-, 331. Huzaym, Ihn, 42. Ibrahim, ^9. Ibrahim (ii., Aghlabid), 131. Ibrahim (i., 'Othmanli), 291. IdrIsids, 328. Ikbal-a?-dawla 'Ali (Denta), 328. IkhshIdids, 142-6. -Ikhsbid, 143. Il-Ghazi (ii., Ortukid), 343. Tlkhans of Persia, 346-7. Inal [-Ashraf]. Isa, b. ['All]. 'Isa b. Mans 10', 123. Ishak b. Ahmad (Samauid), 331. Ishak, b. ['Otkma7i]. Ishak, Abu-, 347. Isma'il [-Salih]. Isma'il (Samanid), 331. Isma'il (Sharif), 330. Isma'il (Zangid), 345. 'Izz-a?-dawla (Buwaj'bid), 333. Ja'far, 49, 50, 54,55, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61. Ja'far h. {-Mansur), 118. Ja'far [Mika'il]. Jakmak [-Zahir]. Jaysh (or Hasan), 4^- Jaysh b. Khumarawayh (Tiilunid), 139. Jerusalem, Kingdom of, 351. Jibrail, 64- Kaan, 346. -Kadir ('Abbasid), 333, 335, 339. -Kahir ('Abbasid), 97. 358 INDEX OF PERSONS -Ku-ini ('Abbasid), 55-i. -Ka-im (Fatimid), 150. KtVit-Bfiy [-Ashraf]. Kajar, 348. Kala-ua [-Mansur]. -Kamil (Ayyubid), 213, 2U, 219. Kaiisuh [-Ashraf, -Zahir]. Karim Khan, 348. k.armatid, 337. Kashghar Atalik, 348. -Kasim, Abu-1-, b. -Ikhshid, 144. Kay-Kawus (ii., Seljuk), 342. Kay-Khusru (ii., Seljuk)^ 342. Sods of, 342. Kay-Khusrii (in., Seljuk), 342. Kay-Kubad i., 342. Khalaf, 129. Khulid, 51. Khalil [-Ashraf]. Khokand Khans, 348. Khoshkadam [-Zahir]. Khudayar (Khokand), 348. Khumarawayh b. Ahmad (Tulunid), 137-9. Khuzayma h. Kliddm, 4.7, 52. Kilij-Arslan (iv., Seljuk), 342. Kukburi (Bcgtigiiiid), 345. Lu'hi, 136. Lulu, Badr-aZ-dlu, 344. Ma'ai-T, Abu-l- (Hamdanid), 336. -Mahdi Mohammad ('Abbasid), 36, 38, 42-46, 118-120. -Mahdi (Hammudid), 327. -Mahdi (Fatimid), 148-9. -Mahmud (Ortukid), 343. Mahmud (i., 'Othmanli), 296-7. Mahmud (ii., 'Othmauii), 308-15 ' INDEX OP PERSONS 359 Mahmud, Niir-aZ-dia (Zangid), 345. Mahmud (Zangid), 344. Mahmud (Ghaznawid), 333. Majd-a\-daida (Buwayhid), 335. Mak'm (?) h. 'Asim, 116. Mamluk Sultans, 239-278. -Mamun ('Abbasid), 53, 61, 63, 64, 65, 71. Mangit, 348. Maugu Kaaii, 346. -Mansur Mohammad (Ayyiibid), 212. -Mansur (Fatimid), 151. -Mansur 'Ali (Mamluk), 243. -Mansur Kala-un (Mamluk), 249-50. -Mansur Mohammad (Mamluk), 260. Mansur (Samanid), 332. Mansur, Abu, b. Amlr-al-viu'ynanin, 102, lJf.3. Mansur, h. ['/««]. -Mardi [-Hadi]. MarInid, 329. Marwan (Omayyad), 114, 115. Marwanids, 339. Mas'ud (GhaznaAvid), 333. Mas'ud (Seljuk), 341. Mas'ud (ii., Seljuk), 342. Mas'ud (i. aud ir., Zangid), 344. Mika-il b. Ja'far (Samanid), 332. MiRBASiD, 337-8. Modud (Zangid), 344. Mohammad, Jf.2. Mohammad (i., Aghlabid), 129. Mohammad (ii., Aghlabid), 130. Mohammad -'Akka, 52. Mohammad (Hafsid), 329. Mohammad (Hammiidid), 327. Mohammad (Ilkhan), 347. Mohammad [-Nasir, -Mansiii]. Mohammad (in., 'Othmauli), 290. 360 INDEX OF PERSONS Mohammad (iv., 'Othmanli), 291-2. Mohammad b. Safwau ('Okaylid), 338. Mohammad (Sdji'd), 338. Mohammad b. -Sari, 70. Mohammad, Sayyid (Khokand), 348. Mohammad (Seljuk), 340. Mohammad Bey (Tunis), 318, 319. Mohammad Bey a/-Sadik (Tunis), 320, 321. Mohammad b. Yahya, 57. Mohammad (Zangid), 345. Mongols, 346-7. -Mu-ayyad Shaykb (Mamluk), 267-8. -Mufawiz Ja'far, 82, 83, 84, 85, 135, 338. -Mu'izz (Fatimid), 152-7. -Mu'izz Aybak (Mamluk), 242. Mu'izz-aZ-dawla (Buwaybid), 333. -Muktadl ('Abbasid), 340. -Muktadir ('Abbasid), 90-96, 331. -Miikta/i ('Abbasid), 341-2. -Muktafi ('Abbasid), 88, 89, Ip, 331. Mumahhid-aZ-dawla (Marwanid), 339. -Muutakam [-Kahir], 97. -Muntazar (Imam), 194. MuRABiTS, 328-9. Murad (ar., 'Othmanli), 288-9. Murad (v., 'Othmanli), 322. Muscl, Jf8, 49. Musa [-Hadi]. -Mushaddad, 332. -Mustadi ('Abbasid), 203-4, 207. Mustafa (ii., 'Othmanli), 294. Mu.stafa (ill., 'Othmanli), 298-300. Mustafa (iv., 'Othmanli), 307. -Musta'in ('Abbasid), 80. -Mndakfl ('Abbasid), 332. -Musta'li (Fatimid), 186-7. -Mustan.sir ('Abbasid), 106, 123, 220, 224-7, 237. INDEX OP PERSONS 361 -Mustausir (Egypt. 'Abbasid), 245-6. -Mustansir (Fatimid), 174-185. -Mustarshid ('Abbasid), 340. -Musta'sim (^Abbasid), 107, 108, 228, 2S5, 237. -Mu'tadid Ahmad ('Abbasid), 82, 86, 87, 138, 139, IJfi, 331. -Mutallib, 65, 68. -Mu'tamid ('Abbasid), 82-5, 135-8, 338. -Mu'tasim ('Abbasid), 74, 75. -Mutawakkil ('Abbasid), 78, 79. -Mu'tazz ('Abbasid), 78, 79, 81. -Mnti' ('Abbasid), lU, 1^5, U6, 334, 337. -Muttaki ('Abbasid), 102, 332. -Muwaffah, 82-84. MuwAHHiDS, 829. -Miizaffar Ahmad (Mamluk), 268. -Muzaffar Hajjl (Mamluk), 258. -Nasir ('Abbasid), 103, 104, 204-6, 208, 210-19, 221-3, 229 34. -Nasiv Yusuf (Ayyiibid), 235-6. -Nasir Faraj (Mamluk), 265-6. -Nasir Hasan (Mamluk), 259. -Nasir Mohammad (Mamluk), 253-5. -Nasir Mohammad (Mamluk, 2), 276. Nasir-aZ-din (Shah), 348. Nasii--dini-llah Abu-Sa'id, 333. Nasir-aZ-dawla (Hamdanid), 336. Nasr (ii., Samanid), 332. Nasr, Abu-, 331. Nasr-Allah (Mangit), 348. Nasr-a^dawla (Marwanid), 339. NoKMAN Kings of Sicily, 349. Nuh (i. and ii., Samanids), 332. Nur-aZ-din (Zangid), 345. Nusayr, 43. 'Ohayd-Alldh h. -Sari, 60, 69. 'Okavlid, 338. 3 A 362 INDEX OF PERSONS 'Omar b. 'Abd-al-'Aziz, 331. 'Omar, Abii-Hafs (Almohades), 329. Omayyad Caliphs, 1-26, 109-16. Omatyads of Cordova, 827. Ortuk-Arslan (Ortukid), 343. Ortukids, 343-4. 'Othmaa (in., 'Othmanli), 297. 'Othmdn b. Ishak, 118. 'Othmanli Sultans, 279-3. Persia, Shahs of, 318. -Kabi', Abu, 329. -Rildi, Abu-1- 'Abbas ('Abbasid), 90-06, 98-101. -Rashid, Harun ('Abbasid), ^2, J^G, 121-2. Koger II., of Sicily, 349. Sadat aZ-Ru'SA, 337. Safwan [Mohammad]. Sahl l^Akmad^ SaHd 1). Salm ? 52. Sa'ld Pasha (Baghdad), 312. Sa'id, Abu- (Ghaznawid), 333. Sa'id, Abu (Ilkhan), 317. Sa'ld, b. I'Abd Allah']. -Sa'id Baraka Khan (Mamliik), 248. -Sa'id Ghazi (Oi'tukid), 34:4. Sajid, 90. Salah-aZ-diu (Ayyubld), 203-9. Salih b. Hildas, As:id-aZ-dawla, 337-8. -Salih Ayyub (Ayyubid), 227-8. -Salih Isma'il (Ayyubid), 237-8. -Salih Isma'il (Mamluk), 256-7 -Salih Salih (Mamluk), 259. Salira (I., 'Othmauli), 283. Saiiiii (II., 'Othmauli), ii87. IND£X OF PERSONS 363 Salim (in., 'Otbmanli), 804-6. Samanids, 331-2. Sard, 58. -Sari, 69. „ h. \_^Ohayd-Allah, 3Iohammad']. Sayfh. 'Tabaruni, 65. Sayf-aZ-dawla (Hamdanid), 336. Sayyid aZ-Ra"is, 337. Sayyid al-Umard Abie-'All, 332. Seljuks, 340-2. Sha'baii [-Ashraf]. Shahs of Persia, 348. -Shakir (Sijilmasa), 328. Sharaf-a?-dawla (Buwayhid), 333, 334. Sharifs, 330. Shir Zayd, 333. Sicily, Norman Kings of, 349. Sinjar (Seljuk), 341-2. Sukmau (ii., Ortukid), 313. Sulaymaa (Ilkhan), 347. Sulaymaa (Marinid), 329. Sulayman (Omayyad), 327. Sulaymaa (i., 'Othmanli), 284-6. Sulaymaa (ii., 'Othmanli), 293. Sulaymaa Shah (Seljuk), 342. Sulayman (ii., Seljuk), 342. Sulaymaa (Sharif), 330. Tdhir Dliu-l-Yamlnayn, 68-70. -Td-'i' {'Abbdsid), 332, 334. Thamal Abu-'Ulicdn, 338. Timurtash (Ortukid), 343. Tughril Beg (Seljuk), 340. TuLUNiDs, 133-141. Turan-Shah (Seljuk), 340. Uljaitu (Ilkhan), 347. 364 INDEX OF PEKSONS WaliaUhivIa, 89, 381. -Wathik ('Abbasid), 76, 77. William i. of Sicily, 350. II. 351. Yahya, 43. Yahyd BaTilol, 57. Ya'kub (Almoliades), 329. Yazld, JfSy 44^ 55, 57. Yuluk-Ai-elan (Ortukitl), 343. Yusufb. TashfiD, 328. Yiisiif (i., Almobades), 329. Yusuf [-'Aziz]. -Zafir (Fatimid), 197. -Zabir ('Abbasid), 105, 219, 223-4, ^34. -Zabii- Gbazi (Ayyubid), 229-232. -Zabii- (Fatimid), 169-173, 338. -Zahir Bay bars (Mamluk), 2-t4-7. -Zabir Barkuk (Mamluk), 263-4. -Zabir Jakraak (Mamliik), 270-1. -Zabir Kansuh (Mamliik), 276. -Zabir Kbosbkadam (Mauiluk), 273. Zand, 348. Zangids, 344-5 Ziyadat-Allab (i., Aghlabid), 128. ^^%> 131. ^=. aa 12i), 130. _i_L^ 332. ( 365 ) . II.—INDEX OF MINTS [Cross -references in square brackets.] 366 INDEX OF MINTS MINT. INDEX OF MINTS. 367 MINT. 3GS INDEX OF MINTS MINT. INDEX OF MINTS MINT. INDEX OF MINTS MINT. IXDEX OF MINTS 371 MINT. 372 INDEX OF MINTS MINT. INDEX OP MINTS MINT. 574 INDEX OP MINTS MINT. INDEX OF MINTS MINT. 37(5 INDEX OF MINTS INDEX OP MINTS 37- MINT. INDEX OF MINTS MINT. Page MINT. Misr 514 191 Misr 515 192 516 517 519 523 193 528 195 529 196 533 536 541 549 198 624 220 (926) 286 929 952 (974) 287 (982) 289 (1003) 290 (1049) 291 1103 294 (1115) 295 (1168) 297 (1171) 298 1183 299 1187 301 1188 301-2 1193 302 1194 1203 306 1215 >> 1218 1222 1235 1236 1241 1243 1244 1245 1246 1247 1248 1249 1250 1251 INDEX OF MINTS MINT. 380 INDEX OF MINTS MINT. A.H. Page. A.H. Omdurman 1310 324 Ra"s-aI-*^Ajn 31J 1311 323 Rasht 598 Palermo 350 [See Sicily] -Rayy 96 130 145 Palestine (Filastin) 290 141 146 301 91 147 307 92 148 3^6 144 [See -Mohamma- 337 diya] 341 350 145 Sabta [Ceuta] 351 353 355 146 Sabiir 91 361 337 92 362 93 369 159" 98 399 1(34 [See Junday- 428 174 Sabiir] 438 177 444 179 447 180 Sabur-Khuwast 397 X 1S3 [See Jerusalem, IlijaJ Samarkand 193 194 195 -RaI'IKA 189 121 197 190 54 198 268 136 199 273 137 200 274 82 201 278 138 253 281 86 268 300 91 270 283 284 Ramhurmuz 80 IS 286 indj:x of mints 381 MINT. 382 INUKX OF MINTS MINT. IN'DEX OF MINTS MI XT. VER^/A ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ETTlv/ 58 00021 3685 •JiiJlli-JBSLV ::i LIBRARY lllfii i?>'^r"l'?^!?.'°^^L. FACILITY AA 001 266 665