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An Orphanage in Mexico: Four United Nations' Human Rights of Children and Wolins' Prerequisites for Efficient Group Care Through the View of the Manager and Staff

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An Orphanage in Mexico: Four United Nations' Human Rights of Children and Wolins' Prerequisites for Efficient Group Care Through the View of the Manager and Staff Portland State University PDXScholar Dissertations and Theses Dissertations and Theses Fall 12-20-2016 An Orphanage in Mexico: Four United Nations' Human Rights of Children and Wolins' Prerequisites for Efficient Group Care Through the View of the Manager and Staff Lucia Beatriz Quesnel Galván Portland State University Let us know how access to this document benefits ouy . Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds Part of the Educational Leadership Commons, and the Social Work Commons Recommended Citation Quesnel Galván, Lucia Beatriz, "An Orphanage in Mexico: Four United Nations' Human Rights of Children and Wolins' Prerequisites for Efficient Group Care Through the View of the Manager and Staff" (2016). Dissertations and Theses. Paper 3311. 10.15760/etd.3291 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. For more information, please contact [email protected]. An Orphanage in Mexico: Four United Nations’ Human Rights of Children and Wolins’ Prerequisites for Efficient Group Care Through the View of the Manager and Staff by Lucía Beatriz Quesnel Galván A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Education in Educational Leadership: Curriculum and Instruction Dissertation Committee: Dannelle D. Stevens, Chair Micki M. Caskey Christine Chaillé Joan F. Shireman Portland State University 2016 © 2016 Lucía Beatriz Quesnel Galván i Abstract In Mexico there are officially 1.8 million orphaned children, without counting non- orphaned children deprived of family, who also need care; of these, only 657,000 are living in 703 orphanages. Mexico‘s government invests less than 2% of its budget toward protection of children. There is a lack of substantive research or official assessment of orphanages. According to the scant research found, the children‘s human rights most frequently violated in Mexican orphanages are the rights to nutrition and health care, to be protected from further victimization, to free expression and participation, and to not be exploited. This study was carried out through in-depth, semi-structured interviews with the manager and five staff members of a respected orphanage in Mexico. It aimed to determine how they attempt to fulfill the aforementioned rights, and how their work relates to six prerequisites for efficient group-care formulated by Wolins after his vast research on the matter. Results indicate that the staff members of this orphanage view their work as spirituality in action, becoming the children‘s family, caring for their health through special vegetarian nutrition. They teach the children that they are the masters of their own lives and happiness, and not to see themselves as victims. From results I also suggest: well supervised facilities, coupling between staff and professionals to screen children‘s health; a vegetarian diet based on scientific research; children‘s participation in rules, learning about, from and for their human rights and the idea of children being masters of their life and happiness. ii Dedication To my dear sister Alma Quesnel, who grew up in a group-care institution, always my supportive angel. To Stephanie Thornley, who grew up in foster care, and is my soul mate. To all the boys and girls who are living in orphanages. May this piece be of use to defend their human rights, and their right to hope and happiness. iii Acknowledgments I am grateful with Enrique Dussel, María Inés Jurado and Guadalupe Trejo for their recommendation letters. I also send my gratitude to Francine Morlock who made my arrival to PSU easy and enjoyable; to my wonderful Lisa and Brianna Adhikari; to prince Jose Cortés; to my brave Lorena Martínez; to the sweet members of the International Taoist Tai Chi Society who renewed my energy; to Sofía Arcos and her family for our far-reaching friendship, and to Hilda Castillo and Frank Delgado, who generously opened their home as shelter. Sincere thanks to Randi Taylor-Habib who encouraged me to enter the GSE; to Maria Carrillo, hermana del alma; to Pramod Parajuli and Kiko Denzer for our new view of the world; To Carmen Turrent, Olinda Ortiz, Luz Amelia Mastache, Dolores Muñozcano and my cousin Tere Rios for their guidance in the research. I also thank Jim Pennell, Paulina Gutiérrez, Swapna Mukhopadhyay, Amir, Dorothy Ann Cole, Julie Wright, Patricia Kay and Stefanie Randol, for their solidarity and unselfish services. Thank you, Dannelle D. Stevens for more than advising encouraging me, and I give thanks to my committee, Micki Caskey and Christine Chaillé for their careful surveillance of my work. I thank Joan F. Shireman who I deeply admire; Joan has always motivated me and believed in me since I began this research. I feel special gratitude toward Kristine Nelson, who was so much by my side and enjoyed my following of her professor, Martin Wolins. I thank my beloved husband, Hans, for our amazing story. iv I thank my precious sisters Graciela and Leticia and also David, Luis, Esther, Silvia, Juanita, and Manuela, for caring for Mom, while I finished this research. Thank you, Jonathan for being my right hand. I thank Estefanía, Raúl and Kiáhuitl who motivate me above anything else. Thanks to my mother, Chela, pioneer on human rights in Mexico; to my father Tavillo who taught me to study, and to my grandmothers, Grace, who brought happiness to my childhood and Amelia who showed that miracles exist. Thanks also to my step-daughter Diana Rosdolsky for her support with the edition, as well as to my niece Valeria Gama Rios and my sister Alma Quesnel. My admiration and thanks to the staff and manager of the orphanage where I did this research. They gave me their trust to enter the orphanage and their time for the long interviews, allowing me to learn from them and their work. v Table of Contents Page Abstract ................................................................................................................................ i Dedication ........................................................................................................................... ii Acknowledgments.............................................................................................................. iii List of Tables ..................................................................................................................... ix Chapter One: Problem Statement.........................................................................................1 Introduction ..............................................................................................................1 Background of the Problem .....................................................................................2 Significance of the Research Problem .....................................................................5 Professional Interest .....................................................................................5 Personal Interest ...........................................................................................6 Relevance of the Study (Validation of the Problem) ...................................6 Statement of the Research Problem .........................................................................7 Significance of the Research Problem .........................................................7 Presentation of Method and Research Questions.........................................8 Definition of Key Concepts .....................................................................................9 Children Deprived of Their Family .............................................................9 Orphanage ..................................................................................................10 Selected Human Rights of the Child ..........................................................11 Prerequisites for Efficient Group Care .....................................................12 Chapter Two: Literature Review .......................................................................................15 Introduction ............................................................................................................15 Theoretical Framework ..........................................................................................16 Organizational Theory to Study an Orphanage .........................................16 Theories on Efficient Group Care ..............................................................22 Theories of the Psychological and Social Development of the Child .......25 Review of the Research Literature .............................................................36 Care for Children Deprived of their Family Worldwide ...........................36 Care for Children Deprived of their Family in the United States………..41 Care for Children Deprived of their Family in Mexico .............................47 Synthesis ................................................................................................................51 Critique of the Literature Review ..............................................................52 Review of the Methodological Literature ..............................................................52 A Case Study..............................................................................................52 Type of Case Study ....................................................................................55
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