DOCSLIB.ORG

Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Machado_Pruebas 27/12/10 12:51 Página 233 Graellsia, 66(2): 233-280 julio-diciembre 2010 ISSN: 0367-5041 doi:10.3989/graellsia.2010.v66.025 LA MORFOLOGÍA DE LAPAROCERUS UNDATUS WOLLASTON, 1864 Y CONSIDERACIONES SOBRE LA TRIBU LAPAROCERINI LACORDAIRE, 1863 (COLEOPTERA, CURCULIONIDAE, ENTIMINAE) A. Machado* RESUMEN A. Machado. 2010. La morfología de Laparocerus undatus Wollaston, 1864 y consideracio- nes sobre la tribu Laparocerini Lacordaire, 1863 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae). Graellsia, 66(2): 233-280. Se presenta un estudio morfológico de Laparocerus undatus Wollaston, 1864 que com- prende la anatomía externa e interna del adulto, incluido el canal alimentario, sistema ner- vioso central y sistema reproductor. También se describen las anatomías de la larva y de la pupa, hasta ahora desconocidas en el género. Los Laparocerus son curculiónidos entimi- nos que muestran algunos caracteres primitivos infrecuentes en el grupo. Se plantea si se justifica o no mantener la tribu Laparocerini, pendiente de revisión desde que fuera esta- blecida por Lacordaire en 1863. Se discuten las semejanzas halladas en los caracteres ima- ginales y preimaginales con otros géneros y tribus, y se buscan las relaciones genéticas más cercanas empleando secuencias parciales del gen 16SrRNA de una veintena de espe- cies, obtenidas de GenBank. Laparocerus presenta importantes caracteres singulares o combinación de ellos, y se separa claramente de los demás Entiminae estudiados, ocupan- do una posición posiblemente basal dentro del grupo. Se proponen algunos caracteres diagnósticos para Laparocerini: presencia de mandíbulas con prolongación dehiscente (o su cicatriz), piezas bucales fanerognatas, escapo antenal largo, ojos y escrobas no dorsa- les, sutura entre el primer y segundo ventrito sinuosa al medio, éste tan largo como el ter- cero y cuarto reunidos; fémures sin dientes, tibias mucronadas con cestilla abierta, uñas soldadas y esternito VIII masculino completamente membranoso y provisto de un pequeño espículo relicto; en la larva coinciden las antenas de base oval con sensilo en forma de almohadilla y una mala con cinco setas en su cara ventral; la pupa carece de setas mandi- bulares. En función de estos y otros caracteres, se discuten los demás géneros atribuidos a Laparocerini, corroborando las exclusiones hechas por otros autores recientemente, y pro- poniendo la exclusión de Merimnetes, Neomerimnetes y Cyrtozemia. Quedan pendientes de confirmar si son Laparocerini dos géneros africanos: Asmaratrox y Straticus. Finalmente se discute en contexto biogeográfico la conveniencia de desglosar Laparocerus en una quincena de géneros independientes, o de mantenerlo unificado como un único género con varios subgéneros. Palabras clave: Anatomía; Curculionidae; Entiminae; Laparocerus; canal alimentario; 16SrRNA; sistema nervioso; larva; pupa; islas Canarias. * Calle Chopin 1, 38208 La Laguna, Tenerife, islas Canarias, España. [email protected] Machado_Pruebas 27/12/10 12:51 Página 234 234 Machado ABSTRACT A. Machado. 2010. The morphology of Laparocerus undatus Wollaston, 1864 and conside- rations on the tribe Laparocerini Lacordaire, 1863 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae). Graellsia, 66(2): 233-280 (in Spanish). This morphological study of Laparocerus undatus Wollaston, 1864 covers the external and internal anatomy of the imago, including the alimentary canal, the central nervous system and the reproductive system. The anatomy of the larva and pupa, unknown in this genus, is also described. Laparocerus are Entimin weevils that bear some primitive characters, not frequent in the group. The justification of a tribe Laparocerini, not revised since it was established by Lacordaire in 1863, is considered. Similarities of adult and preimaginal characters with those of other genera and tribes are discussed, and genetic relationships are researched using par- tial sequences of the 16SrRNA gen obtained from GenBank for some twenty tribe represen- tative species. Laparocerus has important singular characters or a combination of them and is clearly separate from the other Entiminae studied. It has possibly a basal phylogenetic position within the group. Some combined diagnostic characters for Laparocerini are proposed, in par- ticular: presence of a dehiscent mandible process (or its scar), phanerognatus mouth parts, long scape, eyes and antennal scroba not dorsal, suture of ventrites 1-2 arcuate at middle, ven- trite 2 as long as 3 and 4 together, femora unarmed, tibiae mucronate with open corbels, claws connate, and VIII sternite of male membranaceous bearing a short spiculum relictum; in the larvae, antennae are cushion shaped with an oval base and the mala has five ventral setae; the pupa lacks mandibular setae. These and other characters are used to evaluate the other gen- era traditionally assigned to Laparocerini. Recent exclusion of some of these genera by other authors is corroborated and the removal of Merimnetes, Neomerimnetes and Cyrtozemia is here proposed. Asmaratrox and Straticus from Africa remain as Laparocerini, pending confir- mation. Finally, the convenience of splitting Laparocerus into several genera or keeping it as a single genus with many subgenera is discussed in a biogeographical context. Keywords: Anatomy; Curculionidae; Entiminae; Alimentary canal; 16SrRNA; Nervous sys- tem; Larva; Pupa; Laparocerus; Canary Islands. Introducción Los “Laparocérides” (“Laparoceridi” in Bargagli, 1883) han sido posteriormente tratados como tribu Este estudio está inspirado en el homólogo de Laparocerini (e.g. Heyne & Taschenberg, 1907; Van den Berg (1972) dedicado a la morfología de Pierce, 1913; Lona, 1938; Alonso-Zarazaga & Lyal, Eremnus cerealis (Marshall, 1921), Curculionidae, 1999), como familia Laparoceridae por Heller Entiminiae, Tanyrhynchini. La ausencia de trabajos (1909) o como superfamilia Laparoceroidea por equivalentes en español justifica en parte este ensa- Ienistea (1986), sin que falten autores que no reco- yo, pero su objetivo principal es profundizar más en nocen el grupo, como Seidlitz (1868) que los reúne el conocimiento del género Laparocerus Schoenherr, con los “Otiorhynchides vrais”, o Winkler (1932) 1834, sobre el que el autor viene trabajando en los que asigna Laparocerus a los Mylacini. últimos años, y contribuir a esclarecer el concepto de Hoy sabemos que los caracteres que justificaron la tribu Laparocerini, a todas luces insatisfactorio. este agrupamiento inicial son homoplásicos. El pro- Lacordaire (1863), en su Histoire Naturelle des pio género Laparocerus, del que en aquellas fechas Insectes. Genera des Coléoptéres, establece los se conocía solo un par de especies, cuenta en la “Laparocérides” como grupo VII de los Otiorrhyn- actualidad con casi dos centenas, mostrando una chides, agrupando siete géneros: Elytrodon Bohe- plasticidad morfológica extraordinaria que confir- man, 1843; Laparocerus Schoenherr, 1834; Aomus ma la inutilidad de la mayoría de los caracteres Schoenherr, 1834; Aprepes Schoenherr, 1847; empleados por Lacordaire para establecer relacio- Pholicodes Schoenherr, 1826; Epiphaneus Schoen- nes de parentesco. herr, 1842 y Merimnetes Schoenherr, 1842. Poste- Lona (1938) excluye de Laparocerini a Elytrodon riormente, Faust (1890) añade a esta lista (Omiini), Aprepes (Phyllobiini), Pholicodes y Mitophorus Gerstaecker, 1855 y Edmundia Faust, Epiphaneus (Brachyderini), Edmundia (Sciaphilini) 1891 (=Reitteria Faust, 1890). y Mitophorus (Peritelini), a la vez que añade nuevos Graellsia, 66(2), Diciembre 2010, pp. 233-280 — ISSN: 0367-5041 doi:10.3989/graellsia.2010.v66.025 Machado_Pruebas 27/12/10 12:51 Página 235 Morfología de Laparocerus undatus 235 géneros a la tribu, quedando el grupo como sigue: ción real de Aphyonotus, Asmaratrox, Cyrtozemia, Aomus (Irán, Arabia Saudita y Siria) Laparocerus Merimnetes, Neomerimnetes y Straticus es inexis- (Macaronesia) y Merimnetes (Australia), más los tente o difícil de localizar. Suelen aparecer registra- añadidos Aphyonotus Faust 1895 (Etiopía), Asmara- dos como Laparocerini por defecto, o se omite su trox Heller, 1909 (Eritrea), Cyrtozemia Pascoe, 1872 adscripción tribal, seguramente a la espera de que (India), Lichenophagus, Wollaston 1854 (Macarone- alguien aclare el concepto de esta tribu. A diferen- sia), Neomerimnetes Blackburn, 1900 (Australia) y cia de Aomus, el aspecto externo de estos insectos, Straticus, Pascoe 1886 (Zaire); nueve géneros en sobre todo Merimnetes y Neomerimnetes, recuerda total. muy poco a los Laparocerus, pero ante la inusitada La acepción de Laparocerini más generalizada variación morfotípica que se da dentro de este en la actualidad es ésta de Lona, recogida directa- género, dicho criterio no es nada concluyente. No mente en el catálogo mundial de familias y géneros disponemos de material para poder abordar un estu- de Curculionoidea de Alonso-Zarazaga & Lyal dio comparativo; sin embargo, al ser Laparocerus (1999), donde la tribu Laparocerini aparece bajo la el genero tipo de los Laparocerini, un estudio mor- subfamilia Entiminae ¡junto a otras 54 más! Bien es fológico en profundidad como el que se presenta sabido que la sistemática de los curculiónidos en aquí puede ayudar a detectar caracteres singulares general, y la de los entiminos en particular (con del grupo o aquéllos otros que pudieran aportar más de 12.000 especies), dista mucho de reflejar un algún indicio sobre las relaciones de Laparocerus esquema natural (Oberprieler et al., 2007). con otros géneros conocidos. También se ensaya Los estudios detallados
Recommended publications
  • Faunal and Floral Diversity on the Island of Gran Canaria BC Emerson

    Faunal and Floral Diversity on the Island of Gran Canaria BC Emerson

    Animal Biodiversity and Conservation 26.1 (2003) 9 Genes, geology and biodiversity: faunal and floral diversity on the island of Gran Canaria B. C. Emerson Emerson, B. C., 2003. Genes, geology and biodiversity: faunal and floral diversity on the island of Gran Canaria. Animal Biodiversity and Conservation, 26.1: 9–20. Abstract Genes, geology and biodiversity: faunal and floral diversity on the island of Gran Canaria.— High levels of floral and faunal diversity in the Canary Islands have attracted much attention to the archipelago for both evolutionary and ecological study. Among the processes that have influenced the development of this diversity, the volcanic history of each individual island must have played a pivotal role. The central island of Gran Canaria has a long geological history of approximately 15 million years that was interrupted by violent volcanism between 5.5 and 3 million years ago. Volcanic activity is thought to have been so great as to have made all plant and animal life virtually extinct, with survival being limited to some coastal species. The implication from this is that the higher altitude laurel forest and pine woods environments must have been re–established following the dramatic volcanic period. This paper reviews the evidence for this using recent molecular phylogenetic data for a number of plant and animal groups on the island of Gran Canaria, and concludes that there is general support for the hypotheses that the forest environments of Gran Canaria post–date the Roque Nublo eruptive period. Key words: Gran Canaria, Phylogeography, Biodiversity, Ecology, Evolution. Resumen Genes, geología y biodiversidad: diversidad de la fauna y flora de la isla de Gran Canaria.— La extensa diversidad de la flora y fauna de las Islas Canarias ha convertido el archipiélago en un centro de especial interés para los estudios sobre evolución y ecología.
  • (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Injury to Soybean: Physiological Response and Injury Guild-Level Economic Injury Levels

    (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Injury to Soybean: Physiological Response and Injury Guild-Level Economic Injury Levels

    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Faculty Publications: Department of Entomology Entomology, Department of 2003 Imported Longhorned Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Injury to Soybean: Physiological Response and Injury Guild-Level Economic Injury Levels Thomas E. Hunt University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Leon G. Higley University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Fikru J. Haile Dow AgroSciences Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/entomologyfacpub Part of the Entomology Commons Hunt, Thomas E.; Higley, Leon G.; and Haile, Fikru J., "Imported Longhorned Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Injury to Soybean: Physiological Response and Injury Guild-Level Economic Injury Levels" (2003). Faculty Publications: Department of Entomology. 294. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/entomologyfacpub/294 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Entomology, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications: Department of Entomology by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. FIELD AND FORAGE CROPS Imported Longhorned Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Injury to Soybean: Physiological Response and Injury Guild-Level Economic Injury Levels 1 2 3 THOMAS E. HUNT, LEON G. HIGLEY, AND FIKRU J. HAILE Department of Entomology, Haskell Agricultural Laboratory, University of Nebraska Northeast Research and Extension Center, 57905 866 Road, Concord, NE 68728 J. Econ. Entomol. 96(4): 1168Ð1173 (2003) ABSTRACT The imported longhorned weevil, Calomycterus setarius Roelofs, is an occasional pest of soybean, Glycine max (L.), and can cause substantial defoliation of seedling soybean when the weevil is present in large numbers. Because weevil populations can reach high levels, the potential exists for signiÞcant seedling injury, so economic injury levels (EILs) are needed for imported longhorned weevil on seedling soybean.
  • Integrating Cultural Tactics Into the Management of Bark Beetle and Reforestation Pests1

    Integrating Cultural Tactics Into the Management of Bark Beetle and Reforestation Pests1

    DA United States US Department of Proceedings --z:;;-;;; Agriculture Forest Service Integrating Cultural Tactics into Northeastern Forest Experiment Station the Management of Bark Beetle General Technical Report NE-236 and Reforestation Pests Edited by: Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team J.C. Gregoire A.M. Liebhold F.M. Stephen K.R. Day S.M.Salom Vallombrosa, Italy September 1-3, 1996 Most of the papers in this publication were submitted electronically and were edited to achieve a uniform format and type face. Each contributor is responsible for the accuracy and content of his or her own paper. Statements of the contributors from outside the U.S. Department of Agriculture may not necessarily reflect the policy of the Department. Some participants did not submit papers so they have not been included. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the U.S. Department of Agriculture or the Forest Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. Remarks about pesticides appear in some technical papers contained in these proceedings. Publication of these statements does not constitute endorsement or recommendation of them by the conference sponsors, nor does it imply that uses discussed have been registered. Use of most pesticides is regulated by State and Federal Law. Applicable regulations must be obtained from the appropriate regulatory agencies. CAUTION: Pesticides can be injurious to humans, domestic animals, desirable plants, and fish and other wildlife - if they are not handled and applied properly.
  • Weevils) of the George Washington Memorial Parkway, Virginia

    Weevils) of the George Washington Memorial Parkway, Virginia

    September 2020 The Maryland Entomologist Volume 7, Number 4 The Maryland Entomologist 7(4):43–62 The Curculionoidea (Weevils) of the George Washington Memorial Parkway, Virginia Brent W. Steury1*, Robert S. Anderson2, and Arthur V. Evans3 1U.S. National Park Service, 700 George Washington Memorial Parkway, Turkey Run Park Headquarters, McLean, Virginia 22101; [email protected] *Corresponding author 2The Beaty Centre for Species Discovery, Research and Collection Division, Canadian Museum of Nature, PO Box 3443, Station D, Ottawa, ON. K1P 6P4, CANADA;[email protected] 3Department of Recent Invertebrates, Virginia Museum of Natural History, 21 Starling Avenue, Martinsville, Virginia 24112; [email protected] ABSTRACT: One-hundred thirty-five taxa (130 identified to species), in at least 97 genera, of weevils (superfamily Curculionoidea) were documented during a 21-year field survey (1998–2018) of the George Washington Memorial Parkway national park site that spans parts of Fairfax and Arlington Counties in Virginia. Twenty-three species documented from the parkway are first records for the state. Of the nine capture methods used during the survey, Malaise traps were the most successful. Periods of adult activity, based on dates of capture, are given for each species. Relative abundance is noted for each species based on the number of captures. Sixteen species adventive to North America are documented from the parkway, including three species documented for the first time in the state. Range extensions are documented for two species. Images of five species new to Virginia are provided. Keywords: beetles, biodiversity, Malaise traps, national parks, new state records, Potomac Gorge. INTRODUCTION This study provides a preliminary list of the weevils of the superfamily Curculionoidea within the George Washington Memorial Parkway (GWMP) national park site in northern Virginia.
  • Description of the Mature Larvae of Eight Phyllobius Germar, 1824

    Description of the Mature Larvae of Eight Phyllobius Germar, 1824

    WEEVIL News 1. November 2020 No. 89 Description of the mature larvae of eight Phyllobius Germar, 1824 species with notes about life cycles, host plant use and vertical distribution (Curculionidae: Entiminae: Phyllobiini) by Rafał Gosik1 & Peter Sprick2 with 67 photos and 88 drawings Manuscript received: 11. August 2020 Accepted: 25. September 2020 Internet (open access, PDF): 01. November 2020 1Department of Zoology and Nature Protection, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland, [email protected] 2Curculio-Institut e.V., Weckenstraße 15, 30451 Hannover, Germany, psprickcol@t–online.de Both authors are members of the Curculio Institute. Abstract. The mature larvae of eight Phyllobius species are described using advanced optical methods. The larvae of P. pomaceus Gyllenhal, 1834, P. pyri (Linnaeus, 1758), P. virideaeris (Laicharting, 1781), and P viridicollis (Fabricius, 1792) are re-described, and the mature larvae of P. arborator (Herbst, 1797), P. argentatus (Linnaeus, 1758), P. maculicornis Germar, 1824, and P. roboretanus Gredler, 1882 are described for the first time. In P. viridearis only an unillustrated description was available. A key including other species of the genus Phyllobius with sufficient description is given. We used our data and from the literature as well to review and update two special features of Phyllobius biology: the general life cycle and aspects of host plant use and vertical distribution of selected Phyllobius species. Keywords. Phyllobius, Central Europe, weevil biology, illustration, key, bionomics, larvae biology. Introduction In this contribution about premature stages of Central European Entiminae we deal for the first time with larvae of the genus Phyllobius Germar, 1824 from the tribe Phyllobiini.
  • ELECTRONIC JOURNAL of POLISH AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITIES 2006 Volume 9 Issue 1 Topic BIOLOGY

    ELECTRONIC JOURNAL of POLISH AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITIES 2006 Volume 9 Issue 1 Topic BIOLOGY

    Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities is the very first Polish scientific journal published exclusively on the Internet, founded on January 1, 1998 by the following agricultural universities and higher schools of agriculture: University of Technology and Agriculture of Bydgoszcz, Agricultural University of Cracow, Agricultural University of Lublin, Agricultural University of Poznan, Higher School of Agriculture and Teacher Training Siedlce, Agricultural University of Szczecin, and Agricultural University of Wroclaw. ELECTRONIC 2006 JOURNAL Volume 9 OF POLISH Issue 1 AGRICULTURAL Topic UNIVERSITIES BIOLOGY Copyright © Wydawnictwo Akademii Rolniczej we Wroclawiu, ISSN 1505-0297 NOWAKOWSKA K. , HALAREWICZ A. 2006. COLEOPTERA FOUND ON NEOPHYTE PRUNUS SEROTINA (EHRH.) WITHIN FOREST COMMUNITY AND OPEN HABITAT Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities, Biology, Volume 9, Issue 1. Available Online http://www.ejpau.media.pl/volume9/issue1/art-05.html COLEOPTERA FOUND ON NEOPHYTE PRUNUS SEROTINA (EHRH.) WITHIN FOREST COMMUNITY AND OPEN HABITAT Kalina M. Nowakowska1, Aleksandra Halarewicz2 1 Forestry Management of Lubin, Poland 2 Department of Botanic and Plant Ecology, Agricultural University of Wrocław, Poland ABSTRACT Black cherry, Prunus serotina (Ehrh) is one of the invasive plant species that, for its ability to negatively affect local plant communities, may deserve particular attention and control measures. The authors present species composition of Coleoptera found on P.serotina in two habitats in SW part of Poland. It is the first record of this kind from Poland. Key words: Coleoptera, black cherry, Prunus serotina, Poland, neophytes, invasive plant species. INTRODUCTION Mass introductions of Prunus serotina as a component of forest stands in Europe since mid XXth century resulted in negative changes in these forest communities [10].
  • España). I. El Género Brachyderes Schoenherr, 1823

    España). I. El Género Brachyderes Schoenherr, 1823

    Boletín de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa (S.E.A.), nº 46 (2010) : 541−545. LOS CURCULIONIDAE DE LA SIERRA DE TUDÍA (BADAJOZ, EXTREMADURA, ESPAÑA). I. EL GÉNERO BRACHYDERES SCHOENHERR, 1823 José A. Sáez Bolaño1, José M. Blanco Villero2, Manuel Sánchez Ruiz3 & Miguel Ángel Alonso-Zarazaga4 1 Apdo. 25. 06280 Fuentes de León (Badajoz, España) 2 Apdo. 42. 11100 San Fernando (Cádiz, España) − [email protected] 3 Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC). C/ José Gutiérrez Abascal, 2, 28006 Madrid, España − [email protected] 4 Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC). C/ José Gutiérrez Abascal, 2, 28006 Madrid, España − [email protected] Resumen: Se estudian los coleópteros curculiónidos del género Brachyderes Schoenherr, 1823 presentes en la Sierra de Tudía (Badajoz, Extremadura, España). Se han localizado un total de cinco especies de las ocho presentes en la Península Ibérica. Palabras clave: Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Brachyderes, faunística, Sierra de Tudía, Badajoz, Extremadura, España. The Curculionidae of the Sierra de Tudía (Badajoz, Extremadura, Spain). I. The genus Brachyderes Schoenherr, 1823 Abstract: The results of a study on the Curculionidae of the genus Brachyderes Schoenherr, 1823 from the Sierra de Tudía (Bada- joz, Extremadura, southern Spain) are presented. Five out of the total of eight species present in the Iberian Peninsula are recorded. Key words: Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Brachyderes, faunistics, Sierra de Tudía, Badajoz, Extremadura, Spain. Introducción En la actualidad, el género Brachyderes Schoenherr, 1823 ca propuesta por Hoffmann (1963). Alonso-Zarazaga & comprende a nivel mundial un total de 14 especies y tres Lyal (1999: 146) sinonimizaron el subgénero Sulciurus subespecies (Viedma, 1967) si bien el número de táxones Flach, 1907 con Brachylophus [Fischer de Waldheim], 1829 nominales incluidos como sinónimos sin un estudio en pro- y colocaron el nombre indisponible Antoinymus en sinoni- fundidad de sus tipos es muy superior.
  • Fifty Million Years of Beetle Evolution Along the Antarctic Polar Front

    Fifty Million Years of Beetle Evolution Along the Antarctic Polar Front

    Fifty million years of beetle evolution along the Antarctic Polar Front Helena P. Bairda,1, Seunggwan Shinb,c,d, Rolf G. Oberprielere, Maurice Hulléf, Philippe Vernong, Katherine L. Moona, Richard H. Adamsh, Duane D. McKennab,c,2, and Steven L. Chowni,2 aSchool of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; bDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152; cCenter for Biodiversity Research, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152; dSchool of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; eAustralian National Insect Collection, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; fInstitut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes, Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement, Université de Rennes, 35653 Le Rheu, France; gUniversité de Rennes, CNRS, UMR 6553 ECOBIO, Station Biologique, 35380 Paimpont, France; hDepartment of Computer and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431; and iSecuring Antarctica’s Environmental Future, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia Edited by Nils Chr. Stenseth, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway, and approved May 6, 2021 (received for review August 24, 2020) Global cooling and glacial–interglacial cycles since Antarctica’s iso- The hypothesis that diversification has proceeded similarly in lation have been responsible for the diversification of the region’s Antarctic marine and terrestrial groups has not been tested. While marine fauna. By contrast, these same Earth system processes are the extinction of a diverse continental Antarctic biota is well thought to have played little role terrestrially, other than driving established (13), mounting evidence of significant and biogeo- widespread extinctions.
  • University Morifilms International 300N.Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Ml 48106 8305402

    University Morifilms International 300N.Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Ml 48106 8305402

    INFORMATION TO USERS This reproduction was made from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technology has been used to photograph and reproduce this document, the quality of the reproduction is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help clarify markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1.The sign or “target” for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is “Missing Page(s)”. If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark, it is an indication of either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, duplicate copy, or copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed. For blurred pages, a good image of the page can be found in the adjacent frame. If copyrighted materials were deleted, a target note will appear listing the pages in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., is part of the material being photographed, a definite method of “sectioning” the material has been followed. It is customary to begin filming at the upper left hand comer of a large sheet and to continue from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. If necessary, sectioning is continued again-beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete.
  • Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science

    Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science

    Insects and Other Arthropods of Economic Importance in Indiana During 1965 R. T. Huber and J. V. Osmun, Purdue Universityi The bioclimate during the growing* season of 1965 was such that two distinct groups of insects were favored at different times. From May until mid-July, dry conditions prevailed and pests such as chinch bugs, potato leafhoppers, armyworms and flea beetles were of economic importance. The period from late July through September was cooler and wetter than normal and insects such as vinegar flies (Drosophila spp.) and stable flies increased to economic, and in the case of the stable fly, very annoying levels. Temperatures were generally cooler than normal in Indiana from January through August of 1965 ("normal" being the 30 year average from 1931 through 1960). May was the only month that was warmer than normal, and temperatures averaged 4.6° F to 6.4° F higher than usual throughout the state. Precipitation fluctuated a great deal more throughout the state than the temperature did during 1965. Precipitation was generally normal to above normal during January, February, April, July, August and September. Areas of Indiana receiving less precipitation in the above months were the southern one-third during January, and the east central sector and northern one-third during July. Sub-normal precipitation occurred throughout Indiana during March, May and June. The month of May was particularly interesting in that it combined temperatures of 4.6° to 6.4° F above normal with precipitation that was 0.89 inches below normal in north central Indiana and from 1.27 to 2.71 inches below normal throughout the rest of the state.
  • Key to Families, Subfamilies, Tribes and Genera

    Key to Families, Subfamilies, Tribes and Genera

    九州大学学術情報リポジトリ Kyushu University Institutional Repository Key to families, subfamilies, tribes and genera of the superfamily Curculionoidea of Japan excluding Scolytidae, Platypodidae and Cossoninae : Comparative morphology, phylogeny and systematics of the superfamily Curculionoidea of Japan. III Morimoto, Katsura Entomological Laboratory, Department of Agriculture, Kyushu University https://doi.org/10.5109/22693 出版情報：九州大学大学院農学研究院紀要. 12 (1), pp.21-66, 1962-06. 九州大学農学部 バージョン： 権利関係： Journa l of the Faculty of Ag riculture, Ky ushu Uni versity, Vo l. 12, No. 1 J une 30, 1962 Key to families, subfamilies, tr ibes and genera of the superfamily Curculionoidea of Japan excluding Scolytidae, Platypodidae and Cossoninae (Comparative morphology. phylogeny and systematics of the superfamily Curculionoidea of Japan. III) Katsura M ORIMOTO Tn thi;.;; paper a key to fa milies, ;.;;u bfamilies, tribes a nd genera of the superfamily CUfc ul ioJ1oidea excluding Scolytidae, Platypodidae nnd Cossoninae is given. ScolyLidae and Pla typodidae have been studied by Dr. Jozo Murayama and Mr. Akira Nobuchi, a nd t he revision of the subfamily Cossoninae w i!( be published before long by Dr. Masayasu Konishi. [ acknowledge my indebtness to the late Prof. Teiso Esaki, Prof. Keiz6 Yasuma lsu and Prof. Yoshihiro Hirashima for t he ir kind guidance in the course of the present study. To Prof. Toichi Uchida a nd Prof. Chihisa Watanabe, of Hokkaido Un iversity, I am much indebted to the examination of the type speci­ mens described by Dr. Hiromichi KonD. Key to families of Curculionoidea of Japan. 1. Maxil lary palpi 1- segmented. Maxill ary lacinia disti ncl. Mandibles and maxill ae move in horizontal plane.
  • Molecular Phylogenetics of the Superfamily Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera)

    Molecular Phylogenetics of the Superfamily Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera)

    Molecular Phylogenetics of the Superfamily Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) Conrad Paulus Dias Trafford Gillett A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of East Anglia Norwich, Norfolk, England March 2014 © This copy of the thesis has been supplied on condition that anyone who consults it is understood to recognise that its copyright rests with the author and that use of any information derived there-from must be in accordance with current UK Copyright Law. In addition, any quotation or extract must include full attribution. 1 Molecular Phylogenetics of the Superfamily Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) Conrad Paulus Dias Trafford Gillett March 2014 Thesis abstract This thesis examines higher-level evolutionary history within the superfamily Curculionoidea, the most speciose family-level taxon, which includes beetles commonly known as weevils. This is achieved using a phylogenetic approach incorporating the largest datamatrix yet employed for weevil molecular systematics, and includes an investigation into the prospect of obtaining short phylogenetically informative amplicons from archival museum specimens. Newly obtained DNA sequence data is analysed from a variety of mitochondrial and nuclear loci, including 92 mitogenomes assembled through the approach of next-generation sequencing of pooled genomic DNA. The resulting trees are used to test previous morphological- and molecular-based hypotheses of weevil relationships and classification schemes. Mitogenomic-derived trees reveal topologies that are highly congruent with previous molecular studies, but that conflict with some morphological hypotheses. Strong nodal support strengthens inferences into the relationships amongst most weevil families and suggests that the largest family, the Curculionidae, is monophyletic, if the subfamily Platypodinae is excluded.