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Alternatives to Invasive Plants Commonly Found in Central Florida Landscapes1 Gary W

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Alternatives to Invasive Plants Commonly Found in Central Florida Landscapes1 Gary W ENH1207 Alternatives to Invasive Plants Commonly Found in Central Florida Landscapes1 Gary W. Knox, Sandra B. Wilson, Zhanao Deng, and Rosanna Freyre2 Invasive plants are non-native plants that form expanding invasive plants commonly used in Florida landscapes. Only populations in natural areas and other plant communities plants considered to be generally available in the nursery with which they were not previously associated (Langeland trade are listed. Alternative plants are similar to respective 2015). Invasive plants can cause ecological impacts, such as invasive plants as much as possible in terms of size, habit, displacing native plants and associated wildlife or altering texture, and flower color. Non-native, non-invasive plants natural water flow and fire patterns. in Table 1 were determined to be non-invasive (with as- sessments of “not a problem species” or “may be used with Some ornamentals listed as invasive by the University of caution”) by the IFAS Assessment of Non-Native Plants in Florida IFAS Assessment of Non-Native Plants in Florida’s Florida’s Natural Areas (http://assessment.ifas.ufl.edu/), or Natural Areas or by the Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council have not yet been evaluated. are still in commercial production and widely found in Florida landscapes. Homeowners might replace invasive References plants if non-invasive alternatives are researched, publicized and made readily available. By shifting production and Enloe, S.F. and K.A. Langeland. 2018. “Help protect use from invasive ornamentals to native or non-invasive Florida’s natural areas from non-native invasive plants.” cultivars, the nursery and landscape industry could benefit Circular1204. Florida Cooperative Extension Service, from potential revenue while fostering greater collaboration Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of with state agencies and environmental groups. Florida. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ag108 University of Florida research and extension efforts over Lieurance, Deah, S. Luke Flory, and Doria R. Gordon. 2016. the last 20 years have focused on identifying non-invasive The UF/IFAS Assessment of Nonnative Plants in Florida’s alternatives by assessing the invasive traits of popular non- Natural Areas: History, Purpose, and Use. SS-AGR-371. native ornamentals, related genera, and their cultivars. In Gainesville: University of Florida Institute of Food and more recent years, University of Florida ornamental plant Agricultural Sciences. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ag376 breeding efforts have focused on producing and trialing new sterile, non-invasive cultivars. Table 1 lists native and non-invasive, non-native ornamentals as alternatives to 1. This document is ENH1207, one of a series of the Environmental Horticulture Department, UF/IFAS Extension. Original publication date August 2013. Revised August 2018. Reviewed August 2013. Visit the EDIS website at http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu. 2. Gary W. Knox, Extension specialist and professor, Environmental Horticulture Department, North Florida Research and Education Center, Quincy, FL; Sandra B. Wilson, professor, Environmental Horticulture Department, Gainesville, FL; Zhanao Deng, professor, Environmental Horticulture Department, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, Wimauma, FL; and Rosanna Freyre, research scientist, Environmental Horticulture Department, University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Gainesville, FL, 32611. The Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) is an Equal Opportunity Institution authorized to provide research, educational information and other services only to individuals and institutions that function with non-discrimination with respect to race, creed, color, religion, age, disability, sex, sexual orientation, marital status, national origin, political opinions or affiliations. For more information on obtaining other UF/IFAS Extension publications, contact your county’s UF/IFAS Extension office. U.S. Department of Agriculture, UF/IFAS Extension Service, University of Florida, IFAS, Florida A & M University Cooperative Extension Program, and Boards of County Commissioners Cooperating. Nick T. Place, dean for UF/IFAS Extension. Table 1. Invasive ornamentals commonly found in central Florida landscapes and commonly available native and non-native, non-invasive substitutes. Scientific names are those used by the UF/IFAS Assessment of Non-native Plants in Florida’s Natural Areas (http://assessment.ifas.ufl.edu/), the U.S. National Plant Germplasm System (https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/ taxonomysimple.aspx), and the Atlas of Florida Plants by the Institute for Systematic Biology (http://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/ Default.aspx). Invasive ornamentalz Native substitute Non-native, non-invasive substitutez Scientific name Common name Albizia julibrissin Mimosa, Silk tree Ardisia escallonioides, Marlberry (cold Aloysia virgata, Sweet almondshrub tender) Callistemon citrinus, Red bottlebrush, crimson Cercis canadensis, Eastern redbud bottlebrush Chionanthus virginicus, Fringe tree Calliandra haematocephala, Powderpuff Hamelia patens, Firebush Handroanthus heptaphyllus (formerly Tabebuia Prunus umbellata, Chickasaw plum, heptaphylla), Pink trumpet tree flatwoods plum Jatropha integerrima, Peregrina (cold tender) Vachellia farnesiana, Sweet acacia Lagerstroemia spp., Crapemyrtle Tabebuia impetiginosa, Purple tabebuia, purple trumpet tree Ardisia crenata Coral ardisia Ilex glabra, Gallberry, inkberry Ilex cornuta, Chinese holly Ilex vomitoria (dwarf cultivars), Dwarf Osmanthus heterophyllus, False holly yaupon holly Psychotria nervosa, Wild coffee Casuarina equisetifolia Australian pine, Juniperus virginiana, Red cedar Juniperus chinensis ‘Torulosa’, Torulosa juniper, Horsetail casuarina Pinus spp. (native species), Pine Chinese juniper Quercus geminata, Sand live oak Platycladus orientalis, Arborvitae, Oriental Taxodium distichum var. distichum, Bald- arborvitae cypress Podocarpus macrophyllus, Podocarpus, Taxodium distichum var. imbricarium, Japanese yew Pond-cypress Cinnamomum camphora Camphor tree Ilex cassine, Dahoon holly, dahoon Ulmus parvifolia, Chinese elm, lacebark elm Magnolia grandiflora, Southern magnolia Magnolia virginiana, Sweet bay, swamp bay Persea borbonia, Red bay Quercus virginiana, Live oak Ulmus alata, Winged elm Colocasia esculenta Elephant ear, Wild Canna flaccida, Golden canna Alocasia spp., Elephant ear taro Pontederia cordata, Pickerelweed Alpinia spp., Shell ginger, shell flower Sagittaria spp. (native species), Begonia nelumbiifolia, Lotus-leaf begonia Arrowhead Caladium × hortulanum, Caladium Canna × generalis, Canna lily Hedychium spp., Butterfly ginger Heliconia spp., Heliconia Philodendron bipinnatifidum, Selloum philodendron Strelitzia reginae, Bird-of-paradise Zingiber zerumbet, Pine cone ginger, pine cone lily Dioscorea bulbifera Air-potato Ipomoea alba, Moonflower Aristolochia maxima, Florida Dutchman’s pipe Passiflora spp. (native species), (See Flowering Vines for Florida (http://edis.ifas. Passionvine ufl.edu/mg097 ) for additional vines) Alternatives to Invasive Plants Commonly Found in Central Florida Landscapes 2 Lantana camara Lantana, Shrub Helianthus debilis, Beach sunflower Argyranthemum frutescens, Marguerite Daisy Verbena Lantana depressa, Pineland lantana Cuphea ignea, cigar flower (short lived), rockland shrubverbena Euryops chrysanthemoides, E. pectinatus Lantana involucrata, Wild sage and related species (formerly in the genus, Salvia coccinea, Tropical sage, red salvia Gamolepis), African bush daisy, daisy bush Stachytarpheta jamaicensis, Blue Evolvulus glomeratus subsp. grandiflorus, Blue porterweed, Jamaican snakeweed daze Lantana camara ‘UF-1011-2’x, Bloomify™ Rose lantana (sterile) Lantana camara ‘UF-1013A-2A’x, Bloomify™ Red lantana (sterile) Lantana camara ‘UF-T3’x, UF-T3 lantana (sterile) Lantana camara ‘UF-T4’x, UF-T4 lantana (sterile) Rosa spp., Rose Salvia greggii, Autumn sage Ligustrum sinense Chinese privet Agarista populifolia, Florida leucothoe Aloysia virgata, Sweet almondshrub Citharexylum spinosum, Fiddlewood, Camellia japonica, Japanese camellia Florida fiddlewood Camellia sasanqua, Sasanqua camellia Hamelia patens, Firebush Feijoa sellowiana, Feijoa, pineapple guava Ilex glabra, Gallberry, inkberry Gardenia jasminoides, Gardenia Illicium floridanum, Florida anise Ilex × ‘Nellie R. Stevens’, Nellie R. Stevens holly Illicium parviflorum, Star anise Ilex cornuta, Chinese holly Itea virginica, Virginia sweetspire Leucophyllum frutescens, Texas sage Viburnum obovatum, Walter’s viburnum Viburnum odoratissimum, Sweet viburnum Viburnum odoratissimum var. awabuki, Awabuki viburnum Viburnum suspensum, Sandankwa viburnum Lonicera japonica Japanese Gelsemium sempervirens, Carolina Callerya reticulata, Evergreen wisteria honeysuckle jessamine Jasminum polyanthum, Pink jasmine Lonicera sempervirens, Coral Trachelospermum jasminoides, Confederate honeysuckle, trumpet honeysuckle jasmine (See Flowering Vines for Florida (http://edis.ifas. ufl.edu/mg097) for additional vines) Nandina domestica Nandina, Heavenly Agarista populifolia, Florida leucothoe Nandina domestica ‘Firepower’y, ‘Firepower’ (species type or wild bamboo Itea virginica, Virginia sweetspire nandina (non-fruiting) type) Nandina domestica ‘Gulfstream’y, ‘Gulfstream’ nandina (non-invasive) Nandina domestica ‘Harbour Dwarf’y, ‘Harbour Dwarf’ nandina (non-invasive) Alternatives to Invasive Plants Commonly Found in Central Florida Landscapes 3 Ruellia simplex Mexican petunia Silphium asteriscus,
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