Clidemia Hirta Global Invasive Species Database (GISD)
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Biological Control of Lantana, Prickly Pear, and Hamakua Pamakani Inhawah: a Review and Update
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF LANTANA, PRICKLY PEAR, AND HAMAKUA PAMAKANI INHAWAH: A REVIEW AND UPDATE Clifton J. Davis, Ernest Yoshioka, and Dina Kageler ABSTRACT The biological control of noxious weeds in Hawai`i has been carried on intermittently since 1902, when insects and diseases of lantana (Lantana camara) were sought in Mexico by the Territorial Board of Agriculture and Forestry (now Hawai`i Department of Agriculture). This approach was subsequently employed for the control of 20 other noxious weed pests between the 1940s and 1970s. Lantana was the first weed to be controlled by this method in the U.S. Results were very dramatic in some areas of the State, especially after later introductions by Hawai`ian and Australian entomologists resulted in heavy stress on lantana. In addition to lantana, excellent results have been obtained in the biological control of cacti (Opuntia spp.), and Hamakua pamakani (Ageratina riparia). Prior to the introduction of cactus insects in 1949, 66,000 a (26,400 ha) of Parker Ranch range lands on Hawai`i Island were infested with cacti. By 1965, 7,610 a (< 3,080 ha) remained infested, the result of three introduced insects and an accidentally introduced fungus disease; the red-fruited variety of cactus is particularly susceptible to the fungus. A spineless variety of the cactus occurs in the 'Ainahou-Poliokeawe Pali sector of Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park, and biocontrol efforts are in progress. With the introduction of insects from Mexico and a foliar fungus disease from Jamaica, Hamakua pamakani is under excellent control on many ranch as well as privately owned and government lands on Hawai`i Island. -
Status, Ecology, and Management of the Invasive Plant, Miconia Calvescens DC (Melastomataceae) in the Hawaiian Islands1
Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 1996. Bishop 23 Museum Occasional Papers 48: 23-36. (1997) Status, Ecology, and Management of the Invasive Plant, Miconia calvescens DC (Melastomataceae) in the Hawaiian Islands1 A.C. MEDEIROS2, L.L. LOOPE3 (United States Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, Haleakala National Park Field Station, P.O. Box 369, Makawao, HI 96768, USA), P. CONANT (Hawaii Department of Agriculture, 1428 South King St., P.O. Box 22159, Honolulu, HI 96823, USA), & S. MCELVANEY (Hawaii Natural Heritage Program/The Nature Conservancy of Hawaii, 1116 Smith St., Suite 201, Honolulu, HI 96817, USA) Abstract Miconia calvescens (Melastomataceae), native to montane forests of the neotropics, has now invaded wet forests of both the Society and Hawaiian Islands. This tree, which grows up to 15 m tall, is potentially the most invasive and damaging weed of rainforests of Pacific islands. In moist conditions, it grows rapidly, tolerates shade, and produces abundant seed that is effectively dispersed by birds and accumulates in a large, persistent soil seed-bank. Introduced to the Hawaiian Islands in 1961, M. calvescens appears to threaten much of the biological diversity in native forests receiving 1800–2000 mm or more annual precipitation. Currently, M. calvescens is found on 4 Hawaiian islands— Hawaii, Maui, Oahu, and Kauai. Widespread awareness of this invader began in the early 1990s. Although biological control is being pursued, conventional control techniques (mechanical and chemical) to contain and eradicate it locally are underway. Introduction The effects of biological invasions are increasingly being recognized for their role in degradation of biological diversity worldwide (Usher et al., 1988; D’Antonio & Vitousek, 1992). -
HEAR HNIS Report on Miconia Calvescens
Saturday, March 29, 1997 HNIS Report for Miconia calvescens Page 1 A product of the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk Project Miconia calvescens DC. Miconia calvescens, in the melastome family (Melastomataceae), is a tree 4-15 m tall with large (to 80 cm in length), strongly trinerved leaves, dark-green above and purple below. Federal Noxious Weed? N Hawaii State Noxious Weed? Y Federal Seed Act? N Hawaii State Seed Act? N [illustration source: unknown] Native to where : The native range of Miconia calvescens extends from 20 degrees N in Mexico, Guatemala, and Belize to 20 degrees S in Brazil and Argentina (Meyer 1994). The upper elevational limit of the species in its native range is 1830 m in Ecuador (Wurdack 1980). Meyer (1994) determined that the form with very large leaves with purple leaf undersides occurs only in Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, and Costa Rica; specimens examined by Meyer were collected at elevations between 45 m and 1400 m. Native climate : The climate in which Miconia calvescens occurs is tropical montane. Based on its ecology in Tahiti and its occurrence to 1830 m in Ecuador, it appears to pose a threat to all habitats below the upper forest line which receive 1800-2000 mm (75-80 inches) or more of annual precipitation. Biology and ecology : Phenology: Flowering and fruiting of mature trees in Miconia calvescens populations in Hawaii appear to be somewhat synchronized and may be triggered by weather events (drought and/or rain). A single tree can flower/fruit 2-3 times in a year. A single flowering/fruiting event is prolonged, and all stages and mature and immature fruits are often seen on a single tree. -
Koster's Curse (448) Relates To: Weeds
Pacific Pests, Pathogens & Weeds - Fact Sheets https://apps.lucidcentral.org/ppp/ Koster's curse (448) Relates to: Weeds Photo 1. Mass of seedlings of Koster's curse, Clidemia Photo 2. Leaves, Koster's curse, Clidemia hirta. Note, hirta. the distinctive veins patterns. Photo 3. Flowers, Koster's curse, Clidemia hirta. Note, Photo 4. Flowers and developing fruits, Koster's curse, the five petals. Clidemia hirta. Photo 6. Flowers and fruits, Koster's curse, Clidemia Photo 5. Flowers and fruits, Koster's curse, Clidemia hirta. Note, the claw-like stamens, and hairs on the hirta. fruits. Photo 7. Fruits, Koster's curse, Clidemia hirta, showing hairs and bristles on fruits and leaf stalks. Common Name Koster's curse; it is also known as soapbush. Scientific Name Clidemia hirta. It was known previously as Clidemia elegans, Melastoma elegans. It is a member of the Melastomataceae. Distribution Widespread. Asia, East Africa, South and Southeast Asia, North, South and Central America, the Caribbean, Oceania. It is recorded from Australia, American Samoa, Fiji, Guam, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Vanuatu, and Wallis and Futuna. Koster's curse is native to much of tropical America. Invasiveness & Habitat An extremely important invasive weed, and especially a threat to Pacific islands. Koster's curse forms dense thickets that smother plantations, pastures and native vegetation, but it is also found in open grasslands, roadsides, open woodlands, banks of streams and rivers, forest margins and rainforests (Photo 1). The weed invades both disturbed and undisturbed areas, but it is especially problematic after storms, feral pig damage, landslides and fire. -
Restricted Invasive Plants of Queensland
Restricted invasive plants Restricted invasive plants of Queensland Restricted invasive plants of Queensland Hudson pear (Cylindropuntia rosea syn. Cylindropuntia pallida) Fireweed (Senecio madagascariensis) Mother-of-millions (Kalanchoe delagoense) Bunny ears (Opuntia microdasys) The new Biosecurity Act The Biosecurity Act 2014 protects Queensland’s economy, Species not listed as restricted may be listed as prohibited biodiversity and people’s lifestyles from the threats posed under the Act or may be listed by a local government level by invasive pests and diseases under local laws. Under the Act, certain species of invasive plants are listed Australian Government legislation administered by the as ‘restricted’ biosecurity matter. Australian Department of Agriculture also applies to the import of all plants into Australia. What is restricted matter? • Mexican bean tree (Cecropia pachystachya, C. palmata and C. peltata) Restricted matter is listed in the Act and includes a range • Mexican feather grass (Nassella tenuissima) of invasive plants that are present in Queensland. These invasive plants are having significant adverse impacts • miconia (M. calvescens, M. cionotricha, M. nervosa in Queensland and it is desirable to manage them and and M. racemosa) prevent their spread, thereby protecting un-infested • mikania vine (Mikania micrantha) parts of the State. • mimosa pigra (Mimosa pigra) The Act requires everyone to take all reasonable and practical measures to minimise the biosecurity risks • bunny ears (Opuntia microdasys) associated with invasive plants and animals under • riverina prickly pear (Opunita elata) their control. This is called a general biosecurity obligation (GBO). • water mimosa (Neptunia oleracea and N. plena). The specific restriction requirements also apply to a Restricted invasive plants that are person when dealing with restricted invasive matter. -
Phylogeny and Classification of the Melastomataceae and Memecylaceae
Nord. J. Bot. - Section of tropical taxonomy Phylogeny and classification of the Melastomataceae and Memecy laceae Susanne S. Renner Renner, S. S. 1993. Phylogeny and classification of the Melastomataceae and Memecy- laceae. - Nord. J. Bot. 13: 519-540. Copenhagen. ISSN 0107-055X. A systematic analysis of the Melastomataceae, a pantropical family of about 4200- 4500 species in c. 166 genera, and their traditional allies, the Memecylaceae, with c. 430 species in six genera, suggests a phylogeny in which there are two major lineages in the Melastomataceae and a clearly distinct Memecylaceae. Melastomataceae have close affinities with Crypteroniaceae and Lythraceae, while Memecylaceae seem closer to Myrtaceae, all of which were considered as possible outgroups, but sister group relationships in this plexus could not be resolved. Based on an analysis of all morph- ological and anatomical characters useful for higher level grouping in the Melastoma- taceae and Memecylaceae a cladistic analysis of the evolutionary relationships of the tribes of the Melastomataceae was performed, employing part of the ingroup as outgroup. Using 7 of the 21 characters scored for all genera, the maximum parsimony program PAUP in an exhaustive search found four 8-step trees with a consistency index of 0.86. Because of the limited number of characters used and the uncertain monophyly of some of the tribes, however, all presented phylogenetic hypotheses are weak. A synapomorphy of the Memecylaceae is the presence of a dorsal terpenoid-producing connective gland, a synapomorphy of the Melastomataceae is the perfectly acrodro- mous leaf venation. Within the Melastomataceae, a basal monophyletic group consists of the Kibessioideae (Prernandra) characterized by fiber tracheids, radially and axially included phloem, and median-parietal placentation (placentas along the mid-veins of the locule walls). -
Brief Review on Lantana Camera
International Journal of Secondary Metabolite 2019, Vol. 6, No. 2, 205-210 https://dx.doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.577172 Published at http://ijate.net/index.php/ijsm http://dergipark.org.tr/ijsm Review Article Brief Review on Lantana camera Rohit Shankar Mane 1, Rachana Dattatray Nagarkar 2, Pragati Pramod Sonawane 3, Ankala Basappa Vedamurthy *,1 1 Department of Studies in Biotechnology and Microbiology, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka, 580003, India. 2 Sanjivani Arts, Commerce, Science College Kopargaon, Maharashtra 423603, India 3 Department of Microbiology, Access Health Care, Pune, Maharashtra, India. Abstract: Medicinal plants are widely spread in nature with their unique habitats ARTICLE HISTORY and effective medicinal properties. One of them plant is Lantana Camera. The L. Received: February 06, 2019 camera is well known invasive weed. Used to cure several diseases in Ayurvedic Accepted: June 09, 2019 preparations with different formulations. This plant has great ethnobotany and Pharmacology however it is lagging behind in the list of medicinal plants for their KEYWORDS applications in drug preparations due to mere research study and awareness. Therefore present review may help to reveal different aspects of L. camera with Lantana camera, their awareness in society. Ethnobotany, Pharmacology 1. INTRODUCTION The term "biodiversity hotspot" was coined by the British biologist Norman Myers in 1988. He described them as a biogeographic region by characterizing their exceptional levels of plant endemism and serious levels of habitat loss [1]. Further, in between 1989-1996, Conservation International (CI) adopted ‘Myers hotspots criteria’ and they made one organization for the reassessment of the hotspots concept and in 2005 they have published an revised title “Hotspots Revisited: Earth's Biologically Richest and Most Endangered Terrestrial Ecoregions” [2]. -
MELASTOMATACEAE 野牡丹科 Ye Mu Dan Ke Chen Jie (陈介 Chen Cheih)1; Susanne S
MELASTOMATACEAE 野牡丹科 ye mu dan ke Chen Jie (陈介 Chen Cheih)1; Susanne S. Renner2 Herbs, shrubs, or trees (to 20 m tall), erect, climbing, or rarely epiphytic. Stipules lacking. Leaves simple, commonly opposite and decussate with one of a pair slightly smaller than other, rarely verticillate or alternate by abortion of one of a pair, usually 1–4(or 5) secondary veins on each side of midvein, originating at or near base and anastomosing apically, tertiary veins numerous, parallel, and connecting secondary veins and midvein but in Memecylon secondary veins pinnate and tertiary veins reticulate. Inflorescences cymose, umbellate, corymbose, in paniculate clusters, or a cincinnus, rarely flowers single, fascicled, or born on a spike; bracts sometimes conspicuous and persistent. Flowers bisexual, actinomorphic but androecium often slightly zygomorphic, usually (3 or)4- or 5(or 6)-merous, perianth biseriate, perigynous; bracteoles opposite, usually caducous. Hypanthium funnel-shaped, campanulate, cyathiform, or urceolate. Calyx lobes (3–)5(or 6), valvate (rarely connate, but not in Chinese species). Petals (3–)5(or 6), equal to number of sepals, distinct, imbricate. Stamens usually twice as many as petals and in 2 whorls, rarely as many as petals by loss of 1 whorl, isomorphic or dimorphic; filaments distinct, often geniculate, inflexed in bud; anthers typically 2-celled, introrse, basifixed, dehiscent by 1 or 2 apical pores or by short longitudinal slits (Astronia, Memecylon); connective often variously appendaged. Pistil and style 1; stigma minute, capitate or truncate. Ovary commonly inferior or semi-inferior, locules usually (3 or)4 or 5(or 6) with numerous anatropous ovules, rarely 1-loculed and ovules ca. -
Optimization of the Antioxidant Activities of Mixtures of Melastomataceae Leaves Species (M
applied sciences Article Optimization of the Antioxidant Activities of Mixtures of Melastomataceae Leaves Species (M. malabathricum Linn Smith, M. decemfidum, and M. hirta) Using a Simplex Centroid Design and Their Anti-Collagenase and Elastase Properties Nur Fauwizah Azahar 1, Siti Salwa Abd Gani 2,* , Uswatun Hasanah Zaidan 3, Paiman Bawon 4 and Mohd Izuan Effendi Halmi 5 1 Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Putra Infoport, Serdang 43400 UPM, Malaysia; [email protected] 2 Department of Agriculture Technology,Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Malaysia 3 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Malaysia; [email protected] 4 Department of Forest Production, Faculty of Forestry,Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Malaysia; [email protected] 5 Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia; m_izuaneff[email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] or [email protected]; Tel.: +60-389-474-945; Fax: +60-389-381-015 Received: 19 August 2020; Accepted: 15 September 2020; Published: 8 October 2020 Abstract: In this study, a simplex-centroid mixture design (SCMD) approach was used to select the optimal proportions of three different Melastomataceae leaves species (M. malabathricum, M. decemfidum, and M. hirta) extracts to determine the optimum antioxidant activities of total phenolic compound (TPC) and ABTS (2, 20-azino-bis (ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) radical-scavenging activities. Twelve experimental designs were set up, consisting of points that were equally weighted mixtures of 0 to 1 components, which were pure blends (1, 0, ::: , 0), binary blends (1/2, 1/2, 0, ::: , 0), tertiary blends (1/3, 1/3, 1/3, 0, ::: , 0), and a control point. -
A Brief Review On: Therapeutical Values of Lantana Camara Plant
Review Article [Saxena et al., 3(3): Mar., 2012] ISSN: 0976-7126 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACY & LIFE SCIENCES A brief review on: Therapeutical values of Lantana camara plant Mamta Saxena*, Jyoti Saxena 1 and Sarita Khare 2 1, Department of chemistry and 2, Department of zoology Sarojini Naidu Government Girls Post Graduate (Autonomous) College, Bhopal, (M.P.) - India Abstract In view of the fact that ancient time, plants have been a tremendous source of medicine. Since very long time Lantana camara is reported to be used in traditional medicine system for the treatment of itches, cuts, ulcers, swellings, bilious fever, cataract, eczema and rheumatism. Different parts of the plants are used in the treatment of cold, headache, chicken pox, eye injuries, whooping cough, asthma, bronchitis and arterial hypertension. Lantana camara has scientifically studied for various therapeutical activities like antioxidant, antibacterial, antipyretic, larvicidal, insecticidal, antimicrobial, wound healing and anti-hyperglycemic. The present review is an effort to give a detailed survey of the literature on its, phytochemistry, traditional uses and therapeutical studies. Key-Words: Lantana camara , Phytochemistry, Traditional uses, Therapeutics Introduction Lantan camara introduced in India as an ornamental Scientific classification plant but entirely naturalized and found throughout Kingdom Plantae India. However, it is listed as one of the significant Order Lamiales medicinal plants of the world (Ross,1999).The plant Family Verbenacea Lantana camara (Verbanaceae), generally known as Genus Lantana wild or red sage is the most widespread species of this Species camara genus and it is a woody straggling plant with various flower colors, red, pink, white, yellow and violet Fig. -
Morphoanatomical Study of Clidemia Hirta (L.) D. Don. Estudo Morfoanatômico De Clidemia Hirta (L.) D
Research, Society and Development, v. 10, n. 7, e1310716159, 2021 (CC BY 4.0) | ISSN 2525-3409 | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i7.16159 Morphoanatomical study of Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don. Estudo morfoanatômico de Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don. Estudio morfoanatómico de Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don. Received: 05/16/2021 | Reviewed: 05/25/2021 | Accept: 05/26/2021 | Published: 06/11/2021 Tatiane Mendonça da Silva ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3553-901X Universidade Federal de Goiás, Brazil E-mail: [email protected] Heleno Dias Ferreira ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7763-734X Universidade Federal de Goiás, Brazil E-mail: [email protected] José Realino de Paula ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4424-7692 Universidade Federal de Goiás, Brazil E-mail: [email protected] Tatiana de Sousa Fiuza ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0135-177X Universidade Federal de Goiás, Brazil E-mail: [email protected] Abstract The aims of this study were: to carry out the morphological study of the Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don, the anatomical study of the leaves and young stem and the phytochemical screening of the powder of the leaves. The leaves were collected monthly at Bosque Auguste de Saint-Hilaire, Conservation Unit on Campus II of the Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, for 12 months. The specie was identified and a voucher specime deposited in the Herbarium of UFG (66 872- UFG). Morphoanatomical analysis was performed according to conventional techniques. It was verified at phytochemical screening, the presence de anthraquinone heterosides, starch, alkaloids, flavonoid and saponins. -
MEDICINAL POTENTIAL of LANTANA CAMARA: VERBENACEAE Sunita Verma* Assistant Professor, Department of Botany, Rakesh P.G
Verma Sunita Journal of Drug Delivery & Therapeutics. 2018; 8(4):62-64 Available online on 15.07.2018 at jddtonline.info Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics Open Access to Pharmaceutical and Medical Research © 2011-18, publisher and licensee JDDT, This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted non- commercial use, provided the original work is properly cited Open Access Review Article MEDICINAL POTENTIAL OF LANTANA CAMARA: VERBENACEAE Sunita Verma* Assistant Professor, Department of Botany, Rakesh P.G. College, Pilani, Rajasthan, India ABSTRACT Lantana camara is a shrub that belongs to the family of Verbanaceae. Lantana camara is one such notorious weed which is affecting ecosystem, and causing biodiversity loss at greater extent. It is highly invasive and currently occupies a large percentage of the vegetation cover wherever it was introduced. But, Lantana camara is well known to cure several diseases and used in various folk medicinal preparations. It used in many pharmacological activities. These studies established the therapeutic potential of Lantana camara in modern medicines and a possible candidate for the drug discovery. The present review aims to document the taxonomy, ecology, morphology and medicinal properties of L. camara. Keywords: Invasive, Ecology, Medicinal, Pharmacological, Weed. Article Info: Received 17 April, 2018; Review Completed 20 June 2018; Accepted 22 June 2018; Available online 15 July 2018 Cite this article as: Verma S, Medicinal potential of Lantana camara: verbenaceae, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2018; 8(4):62-64 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v8i4.1771 *Address for Correspondence: Sunita Verma, Assistant Professor, Department of Botany, Rakesh P.G.