Invasive Plants
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Biological Control of Lantana, Prickly Pear, and Hamakua Pamakani Inhawah: a Review and Update
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF LANTANA, PRICKLY PEAR, AND HAMAKUA PAMAKANI INHAWAH: A REVIEW AND UPDATE Clifton J. Davis, Ernest Yoshioka, and Dina Kageler ABSTRACT The biological control of noxious weeds in Hawai`i has been carried on intermittently since 1902, when insects and diseases of lantana (Lantana camara) were sought in Mexico by the Territorial Board of Agriculture and Forestry (now Hawai`i Department of Agriculture). This approach was subsequently employed for the control of 20 other noxious weed pests between the 1940s and 1970s. Lantana was the first weed to be controlled by this method in the U.S. Results were very dramatic in some areas of the State, especially after later introductions by Hawai`ian and Australian entomologists resulted in heavy stress on lantana. In addition to lantana, excellent results have been obtained in the biological control of cacti (Opuntia spp.), and Hamakua pamakani (Ageratina riparia). Prior to the introduction of cactus insects in 1949, 66,000 a (26,400 ha) of Parker Ranch range lands on Hawai`i Island were infested with cacti. By 1965, 7,610 a (< 3,080 ha) remained infested, the result of three introduced insects and an accidentally introduced fungus disease; the red-fruited variety of cactus is particularly susceptible to the fungus. A spineless variety of the cactus occurs in the 'Ainahou-Poliokeawe Pali sector of Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park, and biocontrol efforts are in progress. With the introduction of insects from Mexico and a foliar fungus disease from Jamaica, Hamakua pamakani is under excellent control on many ranch as well as privately owned and government lands on Hawai`i Island. -
Koster's Curse (448) Relates To: Weeds
Pacific Pests, Pathogens & Weeds - Fact Sheets https://apps.lucidcentral.org/ppp/ Koster's curse (448) Relates to: Weeds Photo 1. Mass of seedlings of Koster's curse, Clidemia Photo 2. Leaves, Koster's curse, Clidemia hirta. Note, hirta. the distinctive veins patterns. Photo 3. Flowers, Koster's curse, Clidemia hirta. Note, Photo 4. Flowers and developing fruits, Koster's curse, the five petals. Clidemia hirta. Photo 6. Flowers and fruits, Koster's curse, Clidemia Photo 5. Flowers and fruits, Koster's curse, Clidemia hirta. Note, the claw-like stamens, and hairs on the hirta. fruits. Photo 7. Fruits, Koster's curse, Clidemia hirta, showing hairs and bristles on fruits and leaf stalks. Common Name Koster's curse; it is also known as soapbush. Scientific Name Clidemia hirta. It was known previously as Clidemia elegans, Melastoma elegans. It is a member of the Melastomataceae. Distribution Widespread. Asia, East Africa, South and Southeast Asia, North, South and Central America, the Caribbean, Oceania. It is recorded from Australia, American Samoa, Fiji, Guam, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Vanuatu, and Wallis and Futuna. Koster's curse is native to much of tropical America. Invasiveness & Habitat An extremely important invasive weed, and especially a threat to Pacific islands. Koster's curse forms dense thickets that smother plantations, pastures and native vegetation, but it is also found in open grasslands, roadsides, open woodlands, banks of streams and rivers, forest margins and rainforests (Photo 1). The weed invades both disturbed and undisturbed areas, but it is especially problematic after storms, feral pig damage, landslides and fire. -
Restricted Invasive Plants of Queensland
Restricted invasive plants Restricted invasive plants of Queensland Restricted invasive plants of Queensland Hudson pear (Cylindropuntia rosea syn. Cylindropuntia pallida) Fireweed (Senecio madagascariensis) Mother-of-millions (Kalanchoe delagoense) Bunny ears (Opuntia microdasys) The new Biosecurity Act The Biosecurity Act 2014 protects Queensland’s economy, Species not listed as restricted may be listed as prohibited biodiversity and people’s lifestyles from the threats posed under the Act or may be listed by a local government level by invasive pests and diseases under local laws. Under the Act, certain species of invasive plants are listed Australian Government legislation administered by the as ‘restricted’ biosecurity matter. Australian Department of Agriculture also applies to the import of all plants into Australia. What is restricted matter? • Mexican bean tree (Cecropia pachystachya, C. palmata and C. peltata) Restricted matter is listed in the Act and includes a range • Mexican feather grass (Nassella tenuissima) of invasive plants that are present in Queensland. These invasive plants are having significant adverse impacts • miconia (M. calvescens, M. cionotricha, M. nervosa in Queensland and it is desirable to manage them and and M. racemosa) prevent their spread, thereby protecting un-infested • mikania vine (Mikania micrantha) parts of the State. • mimosa pigra (Mimosa pigra) The Act requires everyone to take all reasonable and practical measures to minimise the biosecurity risks • bunny ears (Opuntia microdasys) associated with invasive plants and animals under • riverina prickly pear (Opunita elata) their control. This is called a general biosecurity obligation (GBO). • water mimosa (Neptunia oleracea and N. plena). The specific restriction requirements also apply to a Restricted invasive plants that are person when dealing with restricted invasive matter. -
Brief Review on Lantana Camera
International Journal of Secondary Metabolite 2019, Vol. 6, No. 2, 205-210 https://dx.doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.577172 Published at http://ijate.net/index.php/ijsm http://dergipark.org.tr/ijsm Review Article Brief Review on Lantana camera Rohit Shankar Mane 1, Rachana Dattatray Nagarkar 2, Pragati Pramod Sonawane 3, Ankala Basappa Vedamurthy *,1 1 Department of Studies in Biotechnology and Microbiology, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka, 580003, India. 2 Sanjivani Arts, Commerce, Science College Kopargaon, Maharashtra 423603, India 3 Department of Microbiology, Access Health Care, Pune, Maharashtra, India. Abstract: Medicinal plants are widely spread in nature with their unique habitats ARTICLE HISTORY and effective medicinal properties. One of them plant is Lantana Camera. The L. Received: February 06, 2019 camera is well known invasive weed. Used to cure several diseases in Ayurvedic Accepted: June 09, 2019 preparations with different formulations. This plant has great ethnobotany and Pharmacology however it is lagging behind in the list of medicinal plants for their KEYWORDS applications in drug preparations due to mere research study and awareness. Therefore present review may help to reveal different aspects of L. camera with Lantana camera, their awareness in society. Ethnobotany, Pharmacology 1. INTRODUCTION The term "biodiversity hotspot" was coined by the British biologist Norman Myers in 1988. He described them as a biogeographic region by characterizing their exceptional levels of plant endemism and serious levels of habitat loss [1]. Further, in between 1989-1996, Conservation International (CI) adopted ‘Myers hotspots criteria’ and they made one organization for the reassessment of the hotspots concept and in 2005 they have published an revised title “Hotspots Revisited: Earth's Biologically Richest and Most Endangered Terrestrial Ecoregions” [2]. -
A Brief Review On: Therapeutical Values of Lantana Camara Plant
Review Article [Saxena et al., 3(3): Mar., 2012] ISSN: 0976-7126 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACY & LIFE SCIENCES A brief review on: Therapeutical values of Lantana camara plant Mamta Saxena*, Jyoti Saxena 1 and Sarita Khare 2 1, Department of chemistry and 2, Department of zoology Sarojini Naidu Government Girls Post Graduate (Autonomous) College, Bhopal, (M.P.) - India Abstract In view of the fact that ancient time, plants have been a tremendous source of medicine. Since very long time Lantana camara is reported to be used in traditional medicine system for the treatment of itches, cuts, ulcers, swellings, bilious fever, cataract, eczema and rheumatism. Different parts of the plants are used in the treatment of cold, headache, chicken pox, eye injuries, whooping cough, asthma, bronchitis and arterial hypertension. Lantana camara has scientifically studied for various therapeutical activities like antioxidant, antibacterial, antipyretic, larvicidal, insecticidal, antimicrobial, wound healing and anti-hyperglycemic. The present review is an effort to give a detailed survey of the literature on its, phytochemistry, traditional uses and therapeutical studies. Key-Words: Lantana camara , Phytochemistry, Traditional uses, Therapeutics Introduction Lantan camara introduced in India as an ornamental Scientific classification plant but entirely naturalized and found throughout Kingdom Plantae India. However, it is listed as one of the significant Order Lamiales medicinal plants of the world (Ross,1999).The plant Family Verbenacea Lantana camara (Verbanaceae), generally known as Genus Lantana wild or red sage is the most widespread species of this Species camara genus and it is a woody straggling plant with various flower colors, red, pink, white, yellow and violet Fig. -
Morphoanatomical Study of Clidemia Hirta (L.) D. Don. Estudo Morfoanatômico De Clidemia Hirta (L.) D
Research, Society and Development, v. 10, n. 7, e1310716159, 2021 (CC BY 4.0) | ISSN 2525-3409 | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i7.16159 Morphoanatomical study of Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don. Estudo morfoanatômico de Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don. Estudio morfoanatómico de Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don. Received: 05/16/2021 | Reviewed: 05/25/2021 | Accept: 05/26/2021 | Published: 06/11/2021 Tatiane Mendonça da Silva ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3553-901X Universidade Federal de Goiás, Brazil E-mail: [email protected] Heleno Dias Ferreira ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7763-734X Universidade Federal de Goiás, Brazil E-mail: [email protected] José Realino de Paula ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4424-7692 Universidade Federal de Goiás, Brazil E-mail: [email protected] Tatiana de Sousa Fiuza ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0135-177X Universidade Federal de Goiás, Brazil E-mail: [email protected] Abstract The aims of this study were: to carry out the morphological study of the Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don, the anatomical study of the leaves and young stem and the phytochemical screening of the powder of the leaves. The leaves were collected monthly at Bosque Auguste de Saint-Hilaire, Conservation Unit on Campus II of the Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, for 12 months. The specie was identified and a voucher specime deposited in the Herbarium of UFG (66 872- UFG). Morphoanatomical analysis was performed according to conventional techniques. It was verified at phytochemical screening, the presence de anthraquinone heterosides, starch, alkaloids, flavonoid and saponins. -
MEDICINAL POTENTIAL of LANTANA CAMARA: VERBENACEAE Sunita Verma* Assistant Professor, Department of Botany, Rakesh P.G
Verma Sunita Journal of Drug Delivery & Therapeutics. 2018; 8(4):62-64 Available online on 15.07.2018 at jddtonline.info Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics Open Access to Pharmaceutical and Medical Research © 2011-18, publisher and licensee JDDT, This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted non- commercial use, provided the original work is properly cited Open Access Review Article MEDICINAL POTENTIAL OF LANTANA CAMARA: VERBENACEAE Sunita Verma* Assistant Professor, Department of Botany, Rakesh P.G. College, Pilani, Rajasthan, India ABSTRACT Lantana camara is a shrub that belongs to the family of Verbanaceae. Lantana camara is one such notorious weed which is affecting ecosystem, and causing biodiversity loss at greater extent. It is highly invasive and currently occupies a large percentage of the vegetation cover wherever it was introduced. But, Lantana camara is well known to cure several diseases and used in various folk medicinal preparations. It used in many pharmacological activities. These studies established the therapeutic potential of Lantana camara in modern medicines and a possible candidate for the drug discovery. The present review aims to document the taxonomy, ecology, morphology and medicinal properties of L. camara. Keywords: Invasive, Ecology, Medicinal, Pharmacological, Weed. Article Info: Received 17 April, 2018; Review Completed 20 June 2018; Accepted 22 June 2018; Available online 15 July 2018 Cite this article as: Verma S, Medicinal potential of Lantana camara: verbenaceae, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2018; 8(4):62-64 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v8i4.1771 *Address for Correspondence: Sunita Verma, Assistant Professor, Department of Botany, Rakesh P.G. -
Review and Status of Biological Control of Clidemia in Hawaici
REVIEW AND STATUS OF BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF CLIDEMIA IN HAWAICI Larry M. Nakahara, Robert Me Burkhart, and George Ye Funasaki ABSTRACT Efforts to control clidemia (Clidemia hirta) in Hawai'i with phytophagous insects began in 1952. Several attempts have been made since then to introduce potential biological control agents to reduce the spread of this weed into forest areas, and other control measures have been tried by various groups and agencies. It was not until recently, however, through the enactment of significant legislation and subsequent funding, that explorations and studies were conducted specifically on clidemia insects in Trinidad, West Indies. Fourteen species of insects were evaluated, including Carposina bullata, Mompha bithalama, a midge or cecidomyiid, two Eurytoma species, Piesmopoda sp., and Compsolechia seductella, which feed on the flowers and fruits; Lius poseidon, Antiblemma acclinalis, Druentia sp., prob. inscita, Ategumia matutinalis (formerly Blepharomastix ebulealis but originally thought to be Sylepte matutinalis), Penestes n. sp., and a leaf beetle or chrysomelid, which feed on the leaves; and a long-horned cerambycid beetle, which bores into the stem. Studies indicated that several species were sufficiently host specific to warrant introduction into Hawai'i for the biological control of clidemia. INTRODUCTION In Hawai'i, clidemia or Koster's curse (Clidemia hirta) (Melastomataceae), a fast-growing, hea -seeding, tropical American shrub, has colonized forest clearings, trailsi7 es, and bum sites and intruded into the understories of forests that were formerly free of introduced, or alien, weeds (Wester and Wood 1977). The species has spread rapidly throughout the State and re resents a serious threat to our native forests. -
Biodiversity of the Campus
Biodiversity of the Campus ABV- Indian Institute of Information Technology & Management Gwalior January 2018 Biodiversity of ABV-IIITMG Page 1 of 16 Contents Prologue ................................................................................................................................3 The campus ...........................................................................................................................3 Bio-diversity at a glance .........................................................................................................4 Biodiversity Park ....................................................................................................................4 Appendix A: Variety of Plants/Trees ......................................................................................6 Appendix B: Variety of Flowers on the campus .....................................................................9 Appendix C:Variety of Birds ...................................................................................................9 Appendix D: Variety of Butterflies ........................................................................................ 11 Appendix E: Variety of Reptiles ........................................................................................... 12 Appendix F: Variety of Snakes ............................................................................................ 12 Appendix G: Variety of Mammals ....................................................................................... -
Invasive Plants: Changing the Landscape of America
Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository) Depository) 1998 Invasive Plants: Changing the Landscape of America Federal Interagency Committee for the Management of Noxious and Exotic Weeds Randy G. Westbrooks Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/govdocs Part of the Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment Commons Recommended Citation Federal Interagency Committee for the Management of Noxious and Exotic Weeds and Westbrooks, Randy G., "Invasive Plants: Changing the Landscape of America" (1998). All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository). Paper 490. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/govdocs/490 This Report is brought to you for free and open access by the U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository) at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository) by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DISCLAIMER This document COlltains . tone-on-tone or color graphs, charts and/or pictuTes Wllicll l1ave been reproduced in black and white. disk 1 cvrtone. FC'defn I In tcra ~'i('n('v Comlnitt(>C' for the { .' Mlln;H',cment of (lnd Exotic t 1 I), PROTECTED UNDER INTERNATIONAL COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. NATIONAL TECHNICAL INFORMATION SERVICE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Cataloging-in-Publication Data Westbrooks, Randy G., 1953- Invasive plants: changing the landscape of America: fact book! [senior author, Randy Westbrooks]. -- Washington, D.C.: Federal Interagency Committee for the Management of Noxious and Exotic Weeds, 1998. [vi], 107 p.: col. Ill.; 28 cm. -
Clidemia Hirta (L.) D
Crop Protection Compendium - Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don Pierre Binggeli 2005 NAMES AND TAXONOMY Preferred scientific name Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don Taxonomic position Other scientific names Domain: Eukaryota Melastoma hirta sensu Miller Kingdom: Viridiplantae Melastoma hirtum L. Phylum: Spermatophyta Clidemia crenata DC. Subphylum: Angiospermae Melastoma elegans Aublet Class: Dicotyledonae Clidemia elegans (Aublet) D. Don Order: Myrtales Melastoma hirta L. Family: Melastomataceae BAYER code CXAHI (Clidemia hirta) Common names English: Belau: Madagascar: Koster's curse kui manzana soap bush kúi mazambôdy curse Fiji: Martinique: Spanish: Koster's curse bonbon bleu camasey bona na bulamakau herbe à cré cré camasey peludo kaurasinga Portugal: nigua kauresinga caiuia sietecueros mara na bulumakau pixirica French: mbona na mbulamakau Samoa: canot-macaque ndraunisinga la'au lau mamoe herbe-côtelletes roinisinga Singapore: herbecrécré vuti hairy Clidemia Mélastome élégant Haiti: Mélastome poilu guéri vite Notes on taxonomy and nomenclature Varieties of C. hirta have been described. Var. hirta and var. elegans were introduced to Hawaii and the Seychelles, respectively. Binggeli 2005 Crop Protection Compendium - Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don 1 HOST RANGE Major hosts Cocos nucifera (coconut), Hevea brasiliensis (rubber), Theobroma cacao (cocoa) Minor hosts pastures HABITAT Most tropical island forest areas appear to be susceptible to C. hirta invasion regardless of their floristic composition, as long as some form of disturbance affects them. In Hawaii all new instances of C. hirta occur in disturbed areas such as roadsides and landslides and following disturbance by windstorm, pigs, landslides and fire. In the East Usambaras (Tanzania) the shrub is found not only along roadsides but also in many parts of the undisturbed montane forest (Binggeli, 2003). -
Moths and Butterflies
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