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English Nature Research Report

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English Nature Research Report 73 NATURAL AREA: 46 Greensand I WETLAND SIGNIFICANCE: MEDIUM DES CRTPTTON: This Natural Area includes the outcrops of Gault Clay and Upper Greensand, being a largely wooded, hilly landscape. The river valleys, notably the Arun and Wey, contain considerable wet grassland, reedbed and wet woodland habitats. There are also several large, artificial ponds of high wildlife value. WETLAND SSSl COVERAGE: LYLSLSIL~C 'ONTAININC; WETIANL) IIRBITATS 26/56 (46.4%) SSSh LlOhdINA~E'l~HY A WETIAND HAI3IEIT 11 ( !9.6%) SSSI WWLAND DUMINANTLS open water - natural (2), open water - pools (1). gravel pit (l),mire (I), fen (1 ), river ( 1), swamp (1) wet woodland (2),wet grassland (2) XiSI N UUUEMI' SlA?'US 1 dystrophic, 11 oligotrophic, I6 mesotrophic, 9 eutrophic KEY WETLAND TYPES: wet heath (M16);mire (M2!); grazing meadows and ditches (no data); open water - hammer ponds and lakes (no data); wet woodland (W5,W7); LENGTH OF RIVERS: 842 km KEY WETLAND SITES: NATIONALLY RARE AND SCARCE WETLAND PLANT SPECIES: Ljwpodlcllu inundutu S Oenunrhe siluifoliu S Ihsmln iillnen S Thelypfens pal us in,^ S Alihueu oflcinulis S Chanincrneluni nohila S Cicutu virosa S C:uscuiu europaeu S Sium l&@dium S Leersiu oryzoides RLWm Snnchus palusrriv S Carex divisn S Carex vulpitiu RnR(R) Elufine hexundru S Piluluria glnhuIifra S h[vriophylluni verticillutum S 4SSOCIATED INTERESTS: 1) bryophytes, fungi and lichens of wet woodland 2) amphibian assemblage ofponds, including great crested newt and natterjack 3) breeding and wintering wildfowl and waders associated with open water anc wet grassland sites KEY ISSUES: grazing, burning, road construction, afforestation, water abstraction, sand abstraction, scrub encroachment, fragmentation, military use, recreation, air pollution, poor woodland management, eutrophication, fish introductions, angling, pollution, river management, grazing marsh and ditch management, water level control, drainage WETI.,AND SSSI ISSUES: Pollution 4 (15%) Water levels 9 (35%) Recreation 8 (31%) 74 NATURAL AREA: 47 Hampshire Chalk I WETLAND SIGNIFICANCE: MEDIUM DESCRIPTION: This Natural Area is dominated by a chalk ridge to the north. The maiu wetland sites are river valleys and chalk streams. WETLAND SSSl COVERAGE: S,S,SIs C'UNljlINlNG WETLANlI HABITATS 11/30 (36,7%) LYLYLSI.T DOhfINATfiD BY A WETIAND IIAljUAT 10 (33.3%) SSSI wfimND DOMINANT'S open water - pools (1). feu (S), canal (I), river (I), wet grassland (3) SSSI NUTRIENT' STATUS 3 oligotrophic, 5 mesotrophic, S eutrophic KEY WETLAND TYPES: river (river type 3); wet grassland (MG5, MGS); fen (M9, M22, M24b, M2Sc); swamp (S4) LENGTH OF RIVERS: 314km KEY WETLAND SITES: Ttchen Valley, Chilbolton Common, Rwer Itchen RAM 3, SAC 2 NATIONALLY RARE AND SCARCE WETLAND PLANT SPECIES: Cypenrs lonjys S T>aciylvlorhizatraunstebtwi S Gcntinnn pnrumonnnthe S ASSOCIATED INTERESTS: 1) breeding birds, fish and otter associated with river systems KEY ISSUES: river engineering, fisheries management, anghg, grazing, fish farming, recreation, abstraction, discharge, water level control, water quality, development, tree planting, ESA and stewardship take-up, poor grasslaiid management WETLAND SSSI ISSUES: Pollution 6 (55%) Water levels I (~Yo) Recreation 1 (9%) KEY CIFLTECTTVES: 1) Maintain and dancethe aurcnt nttmt, divasity and cmditim ofthe welland bahilats ulrougb appropriate mmitol-tng and mbqumt mmagcmcnt, pmticularly rivcr valleys and &atd habit&. 2) Meet allthcrcquiruncnts of mtmaticnaltreaties relatiug to wdand cmscrvatibim, namely the Rams rxnvmtim, Birds Dirrxcivc and Habitats and Spc~iesDiredive. 3) Kcszore aod mhmcr. the hydrology, water quality admanagement of wetland sites that mrre currently 1 suhqtimum rxnditim. 4) SdcpportUnities fw habh creation uf'wdland habitats. 5) Maintain and dance importaut pupulatiazs of wdland plms' and animrrls and carry out appropriate mmitoring to ddcrminc thcir wus. 6) Liasc with thc hvircarncnt Agmcy and caha govanmunt bodics ovcr policy kesand pl&& paticubrly Ilotxl dd~mm. 75 NATURAL AREA: 48 South Coast Plain 1 WETLAND SIGNIFICANCE: HIGH - DESCRIPTION: The South Coast Plain is an area of low-lying land dominated by extensive coastal habitats. This includes the freshwater wetland interest of lagoons, grazing marsh and floodplain grasslands. WETLAND SSSI COVERAGE: SLY,YIx CYINTAINING WK1'W.NO HAIWY TS 14/31 (452%) ,Y,Y,Yh LICIMIIvATfiD BY A WETLAND HABITAT' 3 (9.7%) SSSI WETMNLI IKIMINAN75 fen (1 ), gazing marsh (2), swamp (1) XYSI NIJTRIENI' STA TlJX 2 oligotrophic, 3 mesotrophic, 8 eutrophic, 3 unknown KEY WETLAND TWES: wet grassland (MG6, M23); fen (M22); brackish lagoons (no data) LENGTH OF RIVERS: 512 ktn KEY WETLAND SITES: NATIONALLY RARE AND SCARCE WETLAND PLANT SPECIES: ('arex divisa S Ilrrcfylorhiza trauristcincri S Carex punciuta S C'rassulatillaeu S Sonchus palustris S Ruppin cirrhosa S &vdruni wrticillatum S Thclypf eris palustris S Juncus ucutus S Violu lacrea S Mcntha pult@ni RDBfl) AIopecuncs bulhosus S Champemehm nobilr S F'er,xicaria lari#oru s Puccincllia rupestris s Althmw ojicincrlis s Myriophylluni verticillatum S Potamogeton trichoides S cjiperus lonps s Potaniogeton ncutifolius RflWflj ASSOCIATED INTERESTS: I) breeding and wintering wildfowl and waders associated with coastal wetlands t KEY ISSUES: coastal protection, recreation, agricultural improvement, wildfowhg, water level control, river engineering, sewage, development, dredging, water quality, grassland management IWETLAND SSSI ISSUES: Pollution 4 (29%) Water levels 2 (14%) Recreation 0 I 76 NATURAL AREA: 49 Isle of Wight I WETLAND SIGNIFICANCE: LOW DESCRIPTION: This Natural Area has a varied range of habitat types largely based on the chalk bedrock and coastal influences. The wetland interest is largely found in wet grassland, lagoon and swamp habitats. YETLAND SSSl COVERAGE: S‘SSYv C‘ONTAINING WIXL/lNLI IIARITAT,C; 9/40 (22.5”/0> SSSIs DIIMINATEL;, BY A WETIANI;,lIABITAT 6 (15.0%) SSSI WETLANLI LI0MINANTLY mire (I), wet woodland (2), flood meadow (l), grazing marsh (I), open water - lagoon (l), sprmg fEdflUSh (I), swamp (I ) Sssl M I YYRIENT STA T IS 2 oligotrophic, 4 mesatrophic, 4 eutrophic, 2 bracktsh, 1 unknown LEY WETLAND TYPES: coastal lagoondswamp (no data) ,ENGTH OF RIVERS: 309 km ;EY WETLAND SITES: Brading Marshes RAM 1, SPA 1, SAC 1 4ATIONALLY RARE AND SCARCE WETLAND PLANT SPECIES: Carex divisa s Alopecunrs hulbosus s Viola lacteen s TIielypteh palusiris S C‘hamaemelum nohile S Cyperus longus S Ocnanthe silaifolin S AIfhaea ojlicitialis s is SOCIATED INTERESTS : 1) breeding and wintering waders and wildfowl associated with wet grassland KEY ISSUES: coastal defence, recreation, agricultural improvement, gazing, wildfowhg, water level control, river enpeering, sewage, development, dredging, water quality I WETLAND SSSI ISSUES: Pollution I (1 I %) Water levels 3 (33%) Recreation 2 (22%) 77 NATURAL AREA: SO New Forest I WEnANQ SIGNIFICANCE: OUTSTANDTNG I I DES CRZPTION : The New Forest is me of the most important areas of remainkg semi-natural vegetation in England. This includes three main habitat types, namely lowland heath, valley mire and ancient wood pasture. There is considerable wetland interest associated with the wet heath and valley mirelfen (c. 3300 ha), rivers, and permanent and temporary ponds. NETLAND SSSl COVERAGE: SSLYIs C'ONTAINING WETI,AND HAU(I;/11S 16/22 (72 7%) A'XYIs DCIMINATED BY A WETIANII IlAljrTAT 7 (3 I .S%) LKSLSI WETIAND DUMINAN7:S open water - natural (l), mire (I), wet heath (I), river (3), swamp (I), unknown (1) XSSI NiURIEWl' SII'A TTJLS 5 oligotrophic, 5 rnesotrophic, 1 brackish, 6 unknown iEY WETLAND TYPES: wet woodland (W4, WS, W7); wet heath (M16a, b, c); bracktsh lagooii (no data): wet grassland (MGGb, MGX, MG13, M23a); swamp (S21a); river (river type 3): fen @6d, M9a, MI Oa, M14,h424c, M25b); mire (M1, M2a); reedbed (no data): spring fed flush (M29, M30) ,ENGTH OF RIVERS: 472 km CEY WETLAND SITES: Avon Valley, Lymington River Reedbeds, The New Forest, Landford Bog RAM 3, SPA 2, NCR 1 gATIONALLY RARE AND SCARCE WETLAND PLANT SPECIES: Mcntha pulcgiurn RlIB(73) Genriana pneumonanthc S Ruppin cirrhosa S Cidium constrictum RDR(R) Thelypteris palusiris s Lycopodiella inundatu S Ludwigia pdustris RDRPj Crassula tillaeu S Rhynchospnra fuuscu S C:huninemecum nobile S Pu'ulicana vulgaris RwvI Eola lactea S Ciccndiufaiformis S c'yperus fuscus RI)R(E) Althaea aflcinalis S Piluluria gluhulifkru S Liniosellrr aquutica S Carex clungum s Eriuphorur gracile RDUm Alopecums bulbosus S Unctylorhiza rraunsteinevi S Ilarttntnrlyi paludoscr S Sonchus palustns S Elniine hexundra S Deschomprio ,wraceu S lllecebruni veriicillulum S Persicanu luxijlora S Carex divisa S Carex punctaicr S Puccincllia rupeslris s IS SOCIATED INTERESTS: 1) bryophytes, fungi and lichens associated with wet woodland 2) invertebrates of permanent and temporary pools, river systems and mires 3) breeding and wintering birds of river valleys, mires and wet heath 4) fish assemblage associated with the river systems KEY ISSUE3 recreation, tree planting lack of data, strategic policies, air pollution, drainage, burning, agricultural improvement, grazing, recreation, development, horse riding, dogs, road construction, gavel extraction, afforestation, lack of management, habitat restoration, habitat loss, water level control, succession, fish introductions, river engineering, management mechanism implementation, water pollution, fisheries, abstraction, discharge, flood defence, salmation, industrial pollution, dredging WETLAND SSST ISSUES: Pollution 3 (19%) Water levels 3 (19%) Recreation
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