EVDJR1212 Ex-Post I-2 7
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Thailand Ex-Post Evaluation of Japanese ODA Loan “Second Bangkok International Airport Development Project (I)(II)(III)(IV)(V)(VI)(VII)” External Evaluator: Keishi Miyazaki, OPMAC Corporation 0. Summary The objective of this project was to accommodate increasing passenger and cargo demands by constructing the Second Bangkok International Airport, including a passenger terminal with a capacity of 45 million passengers/year, a cargo terminal with a capacity of 2.12 million tons/year and two runways, at Nong Ngu Hao, Samut Prakan Province which was located 30 km east of Bangkok, thereby contributing to the economic development of Thailand. The project was highly relevant to Thailand’s development plan and development needs, as well as to Japan’s ODA policy, and therefore its relevance is high. The operation of the Second Bangkok International Airport (Survarnabhumi Airport) is generally good. The key performance indicators such as the number of passengers, cargo volume and the number of takeoffs and landings have mostly achieved their targets, and they have been increasing constantly. The expected project effects such as improvements in airport convenience and efficiency, improvements in airport safety and in the capacity and function of the airport as an international hub-airport have been achieved. Also, the project positively contributed to commercial development near the airport, the development of transport networks between the airport and the city center of Bangkok, and the promotion of tourism sector development in Thailand. Noise issues near the airport have been a pending issue, but mitigation measures have been carried out by the Airport of Thailand Public Company Limited (AOT) and the Thai government. Thus, the effectiveness of the project is high. The project cost exceeded the plan, and the project period exceeded it significantly, therefore the efficiency of the project is low. Project sustainability is deemed high in the structural, technical and financial aspects, the O&M condition of project facilities and equipment is good. In light of the above, the project is evaluated to be satisfactory. 1. Project Description Project Location Passenger Terminal Building of Survarnabhumi Airport 1.1 Background In 1996, there were five international airports (Bangkok, Chiang Mai, Hat Yai, Phuket, and Chiang Rai) and 21 airports in Thailand. The airport sector of the country had been developed first thorough expanding flight networks within the main five international airports with the 1 central focus on Bangkok, then between the five international airports and other domestic airports. As there was economic development as well as tourism sector development in Thailand, the demand for airport passengers through Bangkok was expected to increase from over 35 million in 2000 to 55 million in 2010. However, the existing passenger handling capacity of the Bangkok International Airport (Don Muang International Airport) was 30 million and expansion of Don Muang International Airport was difficult because the airport was located in a populated residential area. Therefore, the development of a new international airport in Bangkok was necessary in order to meet the future air passenger demand and to secure smooth air transportation. 1.2 Project Outline The objective of this project was to accommodate increasing passenger and cargo demands by constructing the Second Bangkok International Airport including a passenger terminal with a capacity of 45 million passengers/year, a cargo terminal with a capacity of 2.12 million tons/year and two runways, at Nong Ngu Hao, Samut Prakan Province which was located at 30km east of Bangkok, thereby contributing to the economic development of Thailand. Loan Approved Amount / 199,243 million yen / 194,410 million yen Disbursed Amount (Total amount from Phase I to Phase VII) (Phase I) Sep. 1996 / Sep. 1996 (Phase II) Sep. 1997 / Sep. 1997 Exchange of Notes Date / (Phase III) Sep. 1999 / Sep. 1999 (Phase IV) Sep. 2000 / Sep. 2000 Loan Agreement Signing (Phase V) Sep. 2002 / Sep. 2002 (Phase VI) Apr. 2004 / Apr. 2004 Date (Phase VII) May 2005 / May 2005 (Phase I) IR: 2.70%, RP: 25 years (GP: 7 years), General Untied (for consulting services: IR: 2.30%, RP: 25 years (GP: 7 years), General Untied) (Phase II) IR: 0.75%, RP: 40 years, (GP: 10 years), General Untied (Phase III) IR: 2.20%, RP: 25 years, (GP: 7 years), General Untied (for consulting services: IR: 0.75%, RP: 40 years (GP: 10 years), General Untied) Terms and Conditions (Phase IV) IR: 2.20%, RP: 25 years, (GP: 7 years), General Untied Interest rate (for consulting services: IR: 0.75%, RP: 40 years, (GP: 10 years), Repayment period General Untied) (Grace period) (Phase V) IR: 2.02%, RP: 25 years, (GP: 7 years), General Untied Condition of procurement (for consulting services: IR: 0.75%, RP: 40 years (GP: 10 years), General Untied) (Phase VI) IR: 1.05%, RP: 20 years (GP: 6 years), General Untied (for consulting services: same as above) (Phase VII) IR: 0.90%, RP: 15 years (GP: 5 years), General Untied (for consulting services: same as above) Note: IR: Interest Rate, RP: Repayment Period, GP: Grace Period Borrower / Airport of Thailand Public Company Limited (AOT) / Executing Agency Airport of Thailand Public Company Limited (AOT) (Phase I) January 2004, (Phase II) January 2005, (Phase III) January 2008 Final Disbursement Date (Phase IV) January 2008, (Phase V) January 2010, (Phase VI) August 2010 (Phase VII) August 2010 Trad Construction Ltd., Part. (Thailand) Krung Thon Engineers Co., Ltd.(Thailand) / Vichitbhan Construction Co., Ltd. (Thailand) Italian-Thai Development Public Company Limited (Thailand) Main Contractors Obayashi Corporation (Japan) / Takenaka Corporation (Japan) / Italian-Thai (Over 1 billion yen) Development Public Company Limited (Thailand) Krung Thon Engineers Co., Ltd.(Thailand) / Vichitbhan Construction Co., Ltd. (Thailand) / Prayoonvisava Engineering Co., Ltd. (Thailand) Bina Puri Holdings Berhad (Malaysia) / Kampangphetviwat Construction Co., Ltd. (Thailand) 2 Kampangphetviwat Construction Co., Ltd. (Thailand) / P.P.D. Construction Co. Ltd. (Thailand) Shimizu Corporation (Japan) / Vichitbhan Construction Co., Ltd. (Thailand) Nishimatsu Construction Co., Ltd. (Japan) / The Nippon Road Co. Ltd. (Japan) / Krung Thon Engineers Co., Ltd.(Thailand) Pacific Consultants International (Japan) / C&C International Venture Co., Ltd. (Thailand) Oriental Consultants Co., Ltd. (Japan) / Asian Engineering Consultants Co., Ltd. (Thailand) / Epsilon Co., Ltd. (Thailand) / Roge and Associates Co., Ltd. (Thailand) Nippon Koei Co., Ltd. (Japan) / Thai Engineering Consultants Co., Ltd. (Thailand) / MAA Consultants Co., Ltd. (Thailand) Norconsult International AS (Norway) / Southeast Asia Technology Co., Ltd. Main Consultants (Thailand) / MAA Consultants Co., Ltd. (Thailand) / Scott Wilson Kirkpatrick (Over 100 million yen) (Thailand) Ltd. (Thailand) / Span Co., Ltd. (Thailand) Dorsch Consult Ingenieurgesellschaft Mbh (Germany) / Japan Transportation Consultants (Japan) / JAL Aviation Consultant (Japan) / Southeast Asia Technology Co., Ltd. (Thailand) / TEAM Consulting Engineering and Management Co., Ltd. (Thailand) / Project Planning Services Co., Ltd. (Thailand) / Santhaya & Associates Co., Ltd. (Thailand) Nippon Koei Co., Ltd. (Japan) / Tesco Ltd. (Thailand) / MAA Consultants Co., Ltd. (Thailand) Quatrotec Inc. (USA) Master Plan was prepared in 1993 by a consortium: name of General Engineering Feasibility Studies, etc. Consultant consists of NACO (Netherlands), Louis Berger International (USA) and other Thai consulting firms. Dispatch of JICA experts (Airport construction) (1997) JICA technical cooperation “The Project on Capacity Building for Environmental Management and Airside paved Area Maintenance of Suvarnabhumi Airport” Related Projects (2004- 2006) Special Assistance for Project Implementation on the Second Bangkok International Airport Development Project (I)(II) (1998) by JICA 2. Outline of Evaluation Study 2.1 External Evaluator Keishi Miyazaki, OPMAC Corporation 2.2 Duration of Evaluation Study Duration of the Study: August 2011 – August 2012 Duration of the Field Study: January 8 – 21, 2012 and April 1 – 7, 2012 2.3 Constraints during the Evaluation Study None 3 3. Results of the Evaluation (Overall Rating: B1) 3.1 Relevance (Rating: ③2) 3.1.1 Relevance with the Development Plan of Thailand At the time of the Phase I appraisal, the Thai Government’s Seventh National Economic and Social Development Plan (NESDP) (1992-1996) set out its main development objectives as: (i) to maintain economic growth rates at appropriate levels to ensure sustainability, (ii) to redistribute income and decentralize development to the regions and rural areas more widely, and (iii) to accelerate the development of human resources, the upgrading quality of life, the environment and natural resource management. In order to achieve the above main development objectives, the promotion of the development of the Bangkok Figure 1: Project Site Map Metropolitan Region in order to ensure better connections and integration between the Bangkok Metropolis and the Eastern Seaboard area was highlighted as one of the principal development guidelines in the plan. This addressed the strengthening of the metropolitan region as a regional center for finance, tourism, air transport and telecommunication in the Southeast Asian region. The airport sector of the country had been developed through the establishment of flight networks between the main five