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Information to Users INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, begnning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6” x 9” black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI A Bell fe Howell Infonnaticn Company 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor MI 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 INSULAR SELF-DETERMINATION; THE KYKLADES UNDER THE SECOND ATHENIAN LEAGUE DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Brian J. Rutishauser, M.A. The Ohio State University 1998 Dissertation Committee: Approved by Professor J.M. Balcer, Adviser Professor Stephen Tracy Adviser Professor Timothy Gregory iepartmentwf History UMI Number : 9834056 UMI Microform 9834056 Copyright 1998, by UMI Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. UMI 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, MI 48103 Copyright by Brian J. Rutishauser 1998 ABSTRACT This dissertation addresses the possibility that the islands of the Kyklades enjoyed a high degree of economic prosperity during the period of the Second Athenian League (378-338 B.C.E.). This prosperity was directly linked to the membership of the islands in this League, as well as other political and commercial connections between Athens and individual island communities. Loans to these islands from the Temple of Apollo on Delos, that are usually interpreted as the result of a need to pay high levels of tribute to Athens in the fifth century B.C.E., may instead have been the result of Spartan financial exactions from the island states at various times between the end of the Peloponnesian War and the beginning of the Second Athenian League. Sparta may also have contributed to economic hardship in the Kyklades due to her inability to mount regular naval escorts for merchant shipping or to provide an economic marketplace comparable to the Peiraeus at Athens. In contrast, the Athenians appear to have taken steps to increase the economic potential of their Kykladic allies. Athenian control of the Delian loan accounts appears to have resulted in a system of collection that allowed certain islands to remain in airears of u payment of interest. Inscriptional evidence shows that commanders of Athenian garrisons in the Kyklades were often honored by island communities for economic assistance. The existence of decrees such as symbolai and proxenia. both between Athens and certain islands, as well as between the Kyklades themselves, indicate political ties that may have had economic components as well. Additionally, several islands of the Kyklades minted coins during the Second Athenian League whose weight standards could have allowed easy exchange between Greek cities of the mainland and of cities in Asia Minor. Several islands had local mineral products that may have been exploited at this time, and these islands were situated along well- attested ancient trading routes. Recent archaeological surveys on several of the islands appear to also show a high level of agricultural exploitation during this period. Overall the evidence strongly suggests that the Second Athenian League provided a strong economic stimulus to this region. Ill Dedicated to my parents, J. Kurt and Eleanor Rutishauser, without whose love and support this project would never have been completed. IV ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I wish to thank my adviser. Jack Martin Balcer, for his support and encouragement both for this project as well as throughout my graduate career, and also for his patience in reviewing various drafts of this manuscript. I am grateful to the other members of my dissertation committee, Stephen Tracy and Timothy Gregory, for their expertise and invaluable advice. I thank the faculty and staff of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens, in particular Ronald Stroud and William Coulson, for their assistance and.stimulating discussions during my time of research and study in Greece. I am also indebted to Ken Sheedy, H. Papageorgiadou- Banis, Lina Mendoni, Patrice Brun, M B. Wallace, and Gary Reger for many helpful suggestions. Any errors, of course, are the responsibility of the author. VITA Januai-y 3, 1968 ........................................Born - Cincinnati, Ohio 1990...........................................................B.A. History, University of Dayton 1990-present.............................................Graduate Teaching Assistant, Ohio State University 1993...........................................................M.A. History, Ohio State University FIELD OF SIUDÏ Major Field: History VI TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract...............................................................................................................ii Dedication .......................................................................................................... iv Acknowledgments ..............................................................................................v Vita......................................................................................................................vi List of Abbreviations .........................................................................................ix Chapters: Introduction ......................................................................................................1 Geography and Sources for tlie Region ............................................... 8 1. Historical Background .......................................................................... 19 3. Keos........................................................................................................ 68 4. Paros.......................................................................................................114 5. Andros and Amorgos ............................................................................146 Andros ...................................................................................146 Amorgos............................................................................... 170 6. Additional Islands of the Region .........................................................183 6.1 Siphnos ...................................................................................183 6.2 Naxos......................................................................................194 vu 6.3 Tenos ......................................................................................203 6.4 Ikaria.......................................................................................208 6.5 los........................................................................................... 214 6.6 Seriphos..................................................................................216 6.7 Mykonos .................................................................................218 6.8 Syros ....................................................................................... 220 7. Conclusion and Analysis ....................................................................... 222 Bibliography................................................................................................... 245 V lll LIST OF ARBREVIATIONS Accame Lega = Accame, S. La lega ateniense del sec.IV. a.c.. Rome 1941. Beloch Geschichte = Beloch, J. Griechische Geschichte. 3 vol. Strasbourg 1893- 1904. Bogaert Banques = Bogaert, R. Banques et banquiers dans les cites grecques. Leiden 1968. Brun Archipels = Brun, P. Les Archipels egeens dans l’antiquité grecque rV-n" siècles av. notre erel. Paris 1996. Busolt Bund = Busolt, G. Per Zweite Athenische Bund. In Neue Jahrbucher fur Classiche Philologie suppl. band VU (1873-5), 641-866. Busolt Staats. = Busolt, G. Die Griechischen Staats-und Rechts-altertumer. Munich 1892. Cargill League = Cargill, J. The Second Athenian League. Empire or Free Alliance? Berkelev 1981. Cawkwell “Eubulus” = Cawkwell, G. “Eubulus,” JH& 83 (1963), 47-67. “Social” = “Notes on the Social War,” CM 23 (1962), 34-49. “Naval” = “Athenian Naval Power in the Fourth Century B.C.,” CO 34 (1984), 334-45. “Failure” = “Notes on the Failure of the Second Athenian Confederacy,” JHS 101 (1981), 40-55. “Imperialism ’ = “The Imperialism of Thrasybulus,” CO 26 (1976), 270-77. “Foundation” = “The Foundation of the Second Athenian Confederacy,” £Q 23 (1973), 47-60. “Peace” = “Notes
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