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Home , Aruna (Hinduism), Bharata (Ramayana), Dasharatha, Jatayu, Kaikeyi, Kesari (Ramayana)

The International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Invention Volume 1 issue 6 2014 page no.482-489 ISSN: 2349-2031 Available Online At: http://valleyinternational.net/index.php/our-jou/theijsshi

Epic : Sociological Thought, Culture & Ancient Indian Science Dr. Gopal Bayen Assistant Professor in Bengali Language & Literature Pingla Thana Mahavidyalaya (Vidyasagar University),P.O.-MALIGRAM Dist.-Paschim Medinipur, West Bengal. , Pin-721140 email- [email protected]

Abstract: In this article We have tried to investigate the Poetical Discourse of the Indian epic Ramayana. Beside this, we have tried to justify its scientific and cultural values. The word ‘Ram Rajya’ used in ramayana implied an ideal state with good citizens and values. In Ramayana we have seen and both used Pushpaka . Point to be noted that, Ramayana is also a symbolic Epic of world brotherhood. Because it also teaches us ‘Bande Vrataram’ (universal brotherhood). We are all known that had leaved his palace for his love and service to elder brother Rama. He is also a symbol of sacrifice . , wife of Rama has also known for her genuine purity, devotion and sacrifice. Through all the episodes of Ramayana we have seen such many Philosophical item of life and scientific life-style of Ramayana Characters. For these kind of human values, Shree Aurobindo Ghosh described Ramayana as ‘Oceanic Poetry’.We had tried to prove this thought. Key Words: Epic, Ramayana, , , Rama, Ramarajya, Ravana, Sita, Hanumana, Risshyasringa, culture, Technology in Ramayana, NASA, Environment in Ramayana

Introduction: world culture and literature. These are Ramayana, According to general conception, the Ramayana , Iliad and Odyssey. In general, these has described as Epic by the western philosophers four literary genius has called as Authentic epic or and critics, but in ancient Indian point of view the Epic of growth or National epic. Beside this, Ramayana has generally known as another type of epic has found in world literature, history(‘Itihasang Puratanam’). It is the story of which had known as literary Epic. Such as Vatti famous Suryabangsa of ancient India. The king Kavyam, Kalidas’s Raghubansham, Milton’s Rama was from that ancient Indian race. In India ‘Paradise Lost’, Madhusudan Dutta’s ‘Meghnad Rama appeared in many books as national hero. Badha’etc. In Indian context of view, we may Beside this, he has also appeared in hearsays and think the famous Epic Ramayana has related in folk beliefs. His story of life has considered as wide range with our national culture. Many Epic. According to the Oxford Dictionary the term ancient poets had written Ramayana in various ‘Epic’ means – ‘a long poem narrating the deeds point of view, such as Advuta Ramayana, of heroic or legendary figures or the past history , Yogabashistha Ramayana of nation’. To discuss the symptom of the epic etc. And in later period of civilization Ramayana Aristotle has said that ‘( It) should be based on a had translated and written in all modern Indian single action, one that is a complete whole in Languages. Such as Krittibasi Ramayana in itself, with a beginning, middle, and end, so as to Bengali, ’s Ramayana in Hindi, enable to work to produce its own proper pleasure Kamban’s Ramayana in Tamil, Bhanubhaka’s with all the organic unity of a living creature’ ( Ramayana in Nepali, Madhab Kandali’s The Poetics, translation : Ingram By-water). In Ramayana in Asamiya etc. Beside these Indian this respect there are only four epics had found in versions there are so many other versions of 482

Cite as : Epic Ramayana: Sociological Thought, Culture & Ancient Indian Science; Vol.1|Issue 06|Pg:482-489 2014

Ramayana had found in non-Indian Languages, language of the world. Ancient Indian and such as Chinis, Cambodian, Indonesian, Filipino, Mahapurans had written also in this language. Thai, Burmese and Malaysian etc. Another Ramayana has containing 24000 verses, 500 wondering thing is that, year after year and poet’s cantos(Sarga) or parichhed and 7 kandas. The after poet are describing the story of Ramayana in name of seven kandas are Bal Kanda, Ayodhya their own verse and own style till date. So there Kanda, Aranya Kanda, Kanda, are many poets of Ramayana had found in the Sundara Kanda, Kanda, Uttara Kanda. And history of Indian literature. But one thing has to be the metre, which formed the verses is called 32 remember that the poet Valmiki was the pioneer syllabic Anustubha. The Ramayana was an writer or the first collector of stories of the important influence on later poetry and Ramayana as known. Beside story telling the poet Hindu life and culture. Like the Mahabharata the also described the natural and geographical, Ramayana is not just a story: it presents the sociological, historical and cultural eliments of teachings of ancient Hindu sages (Vedas) in ancient India. So his Sanskrit Ramayana had narrative allegory, interspersing philosophical and suggested not only the story of Indian myth but devotional elements. The characters Rama, Sita, also clarified the old Indian culture philosophy Lakshman, , and Ravana are all and historical parameter. We are all known that in fundamental to the cultural consciousness of ancient period of Indian history there is a rich India, culture of our society and nation. In Valmiki Generally it has known as the story of Arya Ramayana we have seen such many facts and Vijaya. Ravana, the king of Lanka was not from wisdoms which were scientific in nature. Truely the race of Arya. He was from ‘Raksha-Bangsha’. this epic is based on ancient indian historical facts According to Indian myth God had and movements.The hero of the Ramayana is created this ‘Raksha-Bangsha’ to serve the people Rama. He is not only a character of Ramayana, as patron. Madhusudan Dutta, the great poet of but also an hero of Indian civilization. Like Bengal sketched him as Grand fellow , true patriot , Rama is also the popular and an honest king in his book “Meghnada worshipped in the Hindu religion. Badha”. But in Valmiki Ramayana, the character In Ramayana there is an evidence that how it Ravana has been described as bad fellow. In our was written. According to that information that sociological point of view, Ravana bears a bad the poet Valmiki had heared the story of Rama image till now. He had kidnaped Sita and raped from the God Brambha. And sage Narada told him Rambha, Bedabati and many other women. We to write this in the metre of Anustubha. When are known that In Dashera festival general people Valmiki had came to the beautiful river Tamasa neglect the Ravana. Because Ravana is a king of for his bath, he had seen a dead male curlew and dark. Our great writer Rabindranath Tagore the female curlew overwhelmed with sorrow. The describedRavana as a symbol of croud, greed and male curlew had haunted by a fowler. The heart of disorder.He had written in Prabasi poet gets mournful. Then he expreses his thought patrika,Baishakh,1332 Bangabda, that – “to make in Sloka and wrote ‘Ma nishad pratisthang the honour and pride of humanity, in the plot of twamagama shaashwati sama / Jat Ramayana entered the character Ravana as krounchomithunadekambadhi kammohitam’.This Danaba. Wherever this type of conflict may be is the first verse of Valmiki, generally known as shown in the mind of a single man and on the Adikabita. After this incident Valmiki has started otherside it could be shown between two classes to write Ramayana. of men.” We have to remember that it is the basic concept of moral science in indian context. Indians believed Rama was ideal son and king , Poetical Discourse of Ramayana: Lakshman was ideal brother, Sita was ideal wife The Ramayana was written by the famous Indian and Hanuman was the ideal preist. All these four sage Valmiki, who was the contemporary writer character have true sense of life,morality and of the king Rama. He had written this epic in logic.They are pride of Indian Philosophy and Sanskrit language,which is a famous classical Culture.They are also essence of Indian History.

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Cite as : Epic Ramayana: Sociological Thought, Culture & Ancient Indian Science; Vol.1|Issue 06|Pg:482-489 2014

The name of seven kandas are Bal Kanda, forest where you dwell is Ayodhya for me and Ayodhya Kanda, Aranya Kanda, Kishkindha Ayodhya without you is a veritable hell for me.’ Kanda, Sundara Kanda, Lanka Kanda, Uttara After Rama's departure, king , unable Kanda. The story of Ramayana consists in these to beared the grief and died. But Bharata refused chapters. to profit from his mother's wicked scheming and Balkanda: There was a famous kingdom in visits Rama in the forest. He had requested Rama ancient India, named Ayodhya. Dasaratha was the to return and rule. But Rama had determined to king of this state. He had three main queens. They carry out his father's order and refused to return are , and .The king was before the period of exile. So Bharata carried very brave and happy. But he was childless for a Rama's sandals, and keeped them on the throne. long time. According to Ramayana he performs a And he ruled the kingdom as Rama's agent. fire sacrifice in Ayodhya, which has known as Putra-Kameshti Yagya .After the success of this Aranya Kanda: Rama, Sita and Lakshmana had fire sacrifice, Rama was born to Kausalya, started their journey to southward along the Bharata was born to Kaikeyi, and Lakshmana and banks of river Godavari. They built cottages and was born to Sumitra. These four sons lived off the land. One day at Panchavati forest were very popular as the princes of the they are visited by Surpanakha. She was the sister realm.They received instructions from the of king Ravana. She attempted to seduce both scriptures and in warfare. When Rama was 16 brother but failed in this, she again attempted to years old, the sage Vishwamitra had come to the kill Sita. But Lakshmana stoped her. And he had court of Dasharatha in search of help against cuted her nose and ears. Hearing of this incident demons, who were disturbing sacrificial rites. He king Ravana, resolved to destroy Rama by chooses Rama, who is followed by Lakshmana, capturing her wife Sita. With the aid of the his constant companion throughout the story of Sita was forcibly carried away ramayana. Rama and Lakshmana received by the evil Ravana. But , tried to rescue Sita instructions and supernatural weapons from and brutally wounded. At Lanka Sita was kept Vishwamitra, and proceed to destroy the demons. under the heavy guard .Greedy Ravana demanded Beside Ayodhya, there was another kingdom, Sita marry him, but Sita, eternally devoted to named, . was the king of Mithila. Rama. She had refused Ravana. Rama and He was the father of Sita. But one thing has to be Lakshmana learned about Sita's abduction from remembered that Sita was not born by human Jatayu, and then immediately set out to save her. organ. She was the ‘miraculous gift of God’. King During their search, they met the demon Dashratha had founded her in the deep furrow and the ascetic . They had dug by his plough. So Sita has also known as the directed them towards and Hanuman. child of soil or the child of World(Dharitri). In swayamvara programme at Mithila Rama gets KishkindhaKanda: Rama and Lakshmana met married to Sita. Hanuman. He was an adherent of Sugriva. Rama Ayodhya Kanda: After twelve years of the maked friendship with Sugriva and helped him by marriage of Rama and Sita, Dasharatha expressed killing his elder brother . To rescue Sita, his desire to crown Rama. But Kaikeyi, with her Sugriva had sent search parties to the four corners jealousy claimed two boons that Dasharatha had of the world. The southern search party under the granted her, long ago. She demanded Rama to be leadership of and Hanumana learned from exiled into wilderness for fourteen years, while a vulture named Shampati that Sita was taken to the succession passed to her son Bharata. Lanka. Then Rama had learned this news from Dashratha, constrained by his rigid devotion to his them. given word, accedes to Kaikeyi's demands. So Rama accepted his father's reluctant decree with Sundara Kanda: Sundara Kanda is the episode of absolute submission and calm self-control. He had Hanuman's adventures. After learning the news of joined by Sita and Lakshmana. But Rama had Sita, Hanuman assumed a gargantuan form and askd Sita not to follow him, then Sita said, ‘the makes a colossal leap across the ocean to Lanka. 484

Cite as : Epic Ramayana: Sociological Thought, Culture & Ancient Indian Science; Vol.1|Issue 06|Pg:482-489 2014

Then Hanuman explored the city of Lanka. He grievous, and Valmiki produced Sita. Sita called also located Sita in Ashoka grove. He reassured upon the Earth, her mother, to receive her and as her and gave Rama's signet ring as a sign of good the ground opens, she vanished into it. Rama then faith. At that time Hanuman offered to carry Sita learned that and are his children. back to Rama. But Sita refused. Because she Later a messenger from the Gods appeared and would not like to allow herself to be touched by a informs Rama that the mission of his incarnation male other than her husband. She told Hanumana, was over. Then Rama returned to his heavenly that Rama himself must come and avenge the abode. insult of her abduction. Hanuman wreaked havoc in Lanka by destroying trees and buildings. He Characterization: also killed Ravana's warriors. He gave a bold lecture to Ravana to release Sita. And when he DASHARATHA: Dasharatha was the king of was condemned and his tail is set on fire, but he Ayodhya and the father of Rama. He had three escaped his bonds and, leaping from roof to roof, queens, Kausalya, Kaikeyi and Sumitra, and three sets fire to Ravana's citadel and maked the giant other sons: Bharata, Lakshmana andShatrugna. leap back from the island. Kaikeyi, Dasharatha's favourite queen, forced him to make his son Bharata crown prince and send Lanka Kanda: This chapter described the battle Rama into exile. Dasharatha died heartbroken between the army of Rama and Ravana. after Rama goes into exile. According to Hanuman's report on Sita, Rama and Lakshmana proceed with their allies towards the RAMA: Rama, the main character of the tale of shore of the southern sea. There they joined by Ramayana, had Portrayed as the seventh of Ravana's renegade brother .’Nal’ and the God . All kind of human beauty ‘Neel’ had constructed a floating bridge (known appeared on him. He was the eldest and favorite as Rama Setu) across the ocean. By the help of son of the King Dasharatha, and his Queen this bridge Rama and his army crossed over to Kauslya. He had portrayed as the epitome of Lanka. At the end of battle Rama killed Ravana virtue and ideal son. He was the accomplished and installed Vibhishana as the king of Lanka. king of ancient India. Rama returned to Ayodhya with Sita and Lakshmana, where the coronation is performed. SITA: Sita, the beloved wife of Rama was the This was the beginning of Ram Rajya, which daughter of king Janaka. Rama went to Mithila implied an ideal state with good citizens and (current day Janakpur, Nepal), and got a chance to values. marry her by lifting a heavy Bow in a competition organized by King Janaka. The competition was Uttara Kanda: After being crowned king Rama to find the most suitable husband for Sita and was pleasantly living with Sita. One day suddenly many princes from different states competed to The king Rama heared bad comments on Sita win her. Sita was the avatar of Goddess , from some Ayodhya people. Rama yielded to the consort of Vishnu. Sita had portrayed as the public opinion and reluctantly leaved Sita to the epitome of female purity and virtue. She followed forest. Valmiki provided her shelter in his her husband into exile and is abducted by Ravana. ashrama (hermitage). Here she gave birth twin She was imprisoned on the island of Lanka until boys. They are Kusha and Lava. They become Rama rescued her by defeating the demon king pupils of sage Valmiki. Valmiki composed the Ravana. Kusha and Lava ware the sons of her. Ramayana and teached Lava and Kusha to sing it. Later, Rama holded a ceremony during LAKSHMANA: Lakshmana was the younger Ashwamedha yagna. Valmiki attended this brother of Rama. He had chosen to go into exile ceremony with Kusha and Lava. There Lava and with Rama and Sita. He was the son of King Kusha sang the Ramayana in the presence of Dasaratha and Queen Sumitra, and twin of Rama and his vast audience. When Lava and Shatrughna. Lakshmana has portrayed as ideal Kusha recited about Sita's exile, Rama becames brother. He spended his time protecting Sita and 485

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Rama.. Lakshmana was married to Sita's younger in finding Sita. Sugriva ultimately ascended the sister . He had two son, named Angad and throne of Kishkindha after the slaying of Bali, and Chandraketu. fulfiled his promise by putting the forceed at Rama's disposal. JATAYU: Jatayu was the son of and nephew of . A demi-god who had in the RAVANA: Ravanaa was the king of Lanka (Sri form of an vulture that tried to rescue Sita from Lanka). After performing severe penance for ten the evil Ravana. Jatayu was very old, Ravana soon thousand years he received a boon from the got the better of him. As Rama and Lakshmana creator-God Brahma: he could henceforth not be chanced upon the stricken and dying Jatayu in killed by Gods, demons, or spirits. He was their search for Sita, he informed them the portrayed as a powerful demon king who direction in which Ravana had gone. disturbed the penances of segas. Vishnu incarnated as the human Rama to defeat him. His BHARATA: Bharata was the son of Dasharatha wife was . and Queen Kaikeyi. When he learned that his mother Kaikeyi had forced Rama into exile and : Indrajit, famous heroic son of caused Dasharatha to die brokenhearted, he Ravana, who had defeated God . He had stormed out of the palace and goes in search of defeated Lakshmana twice in battle, before Rama in the forest. When Rama refused to return succumbing to him the third time. An adept of the from his exile to assume the throne, Bharata magical arts, he coupled his supreme fighting obtained Rama's sandals, and placed them on the skills with various stratagems to inflict heavy throne as a gesture that Rama , the true king. losses on the Vanara army before his death. He Bharata then ruled Ayodhya as the regent of Rama was vigorous character. for the next fourteen years. He was married to . He had two son,named Taksha and : Kumbhakarna a brother of Puskal. Ravana,was famous for his eating and sleeping. He would sleep for months at a time and would be SATRUGHNA: Satrughna was the son of extremely ravenous upon waking up, consumed Dasharatha and Sumitra. He was the youngest anything set before him. His monstrous size and brother of Rama and also the twin brother of loyalty made him an important part of Ravana's Lakshmana. He had married to .He had army. During the war, he decimated the Vanara two son, named and Shatrughati. army before Rama cut off his limbs and head.

HANUMANA: Hanuman was the chief among SURPANAKHA: Surpanakha was Ravana's devotees of the world. According to the story of sister. She has fallen in love with Rama. She had Ramayana Hanumana was the famous Vanara the magical power to take any form she wanted. belonging to the kingdom of Kishkindha. In some Her husband Biddyutjiuha was killed by Ravana. versions, (other than Valmiki's) he was portrayed as the eleventh avatar of God (He is also VIBHISHANA: Vibhishana was younger brother called Rudra) and an ideal devout of Rama. He wa of Ravana. He was against the kidnapping of Sita, born as the son of , a vanara king, and the and joined the forces of Rama when Ravana Goddess Anjana. He played an important part in refused to return her. His intricate knowledge of locating Sita and in the ensuing battle. He Lanka was vital in the war. He was crowned king believed to live until our modern world. after the fall of Ravana. He has humble character.

SUGRIVA: Sugriva was a vanara king. He helped Rama regain Sita from Ravana. He had an The Concept of Ramarajya and Sociological agreement with Rama through which Bali – Thought: Sugriva's brother and king of Kishkindha-would We have to remember that this Epic is not only a be killed by Rama in exchange for Sugriva's help story but also connected with our country’s 486

Cite as : Epic Ramayana: Sociological Thought, Culture & Ancient Indian Science; Vol.1|Issue 06|Pg:482-489 2014 history, science and philosophy. Many people of for its important to understanding. All are known our country had believed till now that the story of that “Sailee Vigyan” is a new kind of system to the Ramayana happend trully. When common verify the knowledge of writer,which has people of our society used the word – Ramarajya, launched before a few decade. Apart that, Science it carried the meaning of all kind of peace, Fictions, another branch of literature are mainly beauty, joy and richness of advanced society. based on science.It is very popular branch of From we had taken the concept of literature. Another popular literature of our Ramarajya as - country is the Epic. There are two Epics in our country. First one is the Ramayana and the ‘Prohristamudito lokostustah pusto sudharmikah/ second is the Mahabharata. This type of rich Niramoyo hyarogascha durvikshabhayabarjitah/ kingdom of Ramayana is always our dream. But Na putramaranang kechiddrakshanti purushah one thing is to be beared in mind that,this can be kwachid/ possible only by the help of science. But it Narjyaschabidhaba nityang bhabishyanti happened in the period of Rama. Our technology patibrataha/ 1/90-91 was very strong in that period. We know that there ..…. ……. are many types of vimana in ancient India, such Ramarayamupasitwa Bramhalokong prajasyati/ as Vimana, Rukma Vimana, Shakuna Edang pabitrang papghnang punyang Vimana, Pushpak Vimana. In Ramayana we have bedoischasammitam’ seen Rama and Ravana both used Pushpaka Vimana. Rama rescued his wife Sita and returned It’s meaning Ramaraya was such kingdom that by flying in Pushpak Vimana. Rama told it where ther is no human or natural crisis, where all “Vimana-shrestha Pushpuk“. So it was the best the people of society lived together with happy Vimana of the age Rama. But originally the owner mind, where there is no violence, where there is of this Vimana was Kuber. He had served this no natural disaster like famine, where there is no type of communication.This Vimana has been premature death,where females were always described as an “aerial and excellent going faithful to there husband, where there is no everywhere at will”. Another interesting thing that sin.This kind of kingdom established by the king the Vimana had human voice like modern robot. Rama. It was the best model of public In Uttar-Kanda this Puspak Vimana told Rama administration of our world civilization as known. to receive and use him. So we may told that, we are all wanting this type NASA – a renowned institution of American of kingdom in our state or country.If this type of space research and science had newly discovered practices should done by our leaders then all the ancient setu or bridge of Ramayana which was world will peaceful. founded by the great king Rama for the Lanka- war to rescue his wife Sita.It is a good kind of Science & Technology in Ramayana: scientific approch to discover the history. That Now-a-days we believe in true sense that the term mysterious ancient bridge is located in the Palk – ‘science’ is not only an area of laboratory and Strait between India and Sri Lanka. That bridge technologybut also in broad sense of nature, was discovered currently named as Adam’s science has intense relation with our society, Bridge, which is 30 km long. , an artist of culture, art , history and invention. So there are ‘Kapi-Bangsha’ and technologist of Ramayana many branches of in science, like – natural made it. The bridge has unique curvature and science, applied seience, moral science, social composition by revealing age evidence. So it had science, political science, pure science, bio- proved that the said ancient bridge was man- science etc. According to Oxford Dictionary the made. The legends as well as Archeological meaning of word ‘science’ is – “a branch of studies reveal that the first signs of human knowledge requiring systematic study and inhabitants in Sri Lanka date back to the primitive method, especially dealing with substances, life age, about 1,750,000 years ago and the bridge’s and natural laws.” In literary point of view science age is also almost equivalent or nearer to the said is also an essential eliment to discuss the literature period. It has no doubt that the Ramayana had

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Cite as : Epic Ramayana: Sociological Thought, Culture & Ancient Indian Science; Vol.1|Issue 06|Pg:482-489 2014 written in pre-Buddha age. Famous writer and of Ramayana has regulated many areas of art, historian A. Berriedale Keith had written in his literature, sociology and culture in India as well as book ‘History of Sanskrit Literature’ that – in many south-east Asean country still now. “Valmiki and those who improved on him, Beside this we may found this influence also in probably in the period 400 – 200 B.C., are clearly Indian Folk-lore. Many Folklorist has described the legitimate anccestors of the court epic.”Jacoby this in many articles and in many books. In many and Macdonal,both famous historian told that the villages of India the story of Ramayana has sang Ramayana was written in the period 800-500 B.C. by preaist kathak in the ‘Gajan utsaba’( The God . Another subject, we have to remember that the Shiba).Chitrakar or Patua artist of India are also poet Valmiki was contemporary of Rama. As making various Pata in based on various story of Narada told Valmiki that Rama was the famous Ramayana till now. Rama is the best king. Rama king of ‘Ikshaku- Bangsha’,who had revealed all is the best son and Rama is a man of power, Rama kinds of beauty of man. In mind he is like the sea is man of wisdom. According to Hindu myth and and in patience he is like the Himalaya. tradition, king Rama is an incarnation of the famous God Vishnu. The main purpose of this Environment in Ramayana: incarnation is to destroy evils and sin. He has also Environment is one of the important parts of our demonstrated the righteous path for all kind of society. In History and also in science no one can living man and woman on . And Sita, his single ignore the environment. It has been polluted by wife is the ideal woman of Indian culture. Sin has time after time. But one thing is wondering that not able to touch her body and mind. But now-a- we have seen in ancient period that the days we have seen that Modern Indian culture as environment was so beautiful. We have seen those well as world culture has suffering from bad forests, rivers, mountains, seas, animals in practices, which has must come from western Ramayana who had made friendship with man. civilization. So there are many crueality, many The bird Jatayu, monkey, squirrels had solved type of corruptions has happened in India through many problems of Rama and his society. We want out the past decades of 20th century as well as till to say that these non-human beings were well now. Our politician had not taken the lessons of traind in nature by science. Is this type of society Rama. In the time of freedom movement of India wanted or not ? This is a big question of our only Mahatma Gandhi had taken this lesson. We society and culture. In our point of view can remember his famous song ‘Raghupati Rishyashringa muni, Moy danaba, Sita, Raghaba raja Ram / Patita pabana Sita rama’. It is Ravana, Hanuman – all were scientist in nature. also very unfortunate that the brutal rape incidents They changed many impossible facts to possible. are also increasing in India. We had not taken the It happened only by the use of science. We have suggestions from the noble epic Ramayana. seen such many facts in Ramayana which were Finally, we want to say that ancient India has scientific in nature. Such as – 1. Birth of Rama by many pride areas of science-culture.. According the fertlization adviser Risshyashringa muni 2. to vedic conception it is an important part of the Birth of Sita from non-human kinds 3. Ten Indian literature of Smriti. In broad sense it has headed Ravana`s technology 4. Fire Examination considered as itihāasa. It portraying ideal of Sita 5. Impression of the Character Hanumana characters like the ideal father, the ideal son , the as scientist, researcher and detective 6. Making ideal brother, the ideal friend, the ideal wife, the of Lanka-Bridge etc. ideal servant and the ideal king. Beside this it has also depicts the duties of all kind human Conclusion: relationships, which are very important to the Famous literary critic Hudson said that ‘…the epic purpose of meaningful life. of growth is fresh, spontaneous, racy, the epic of We are all known about the works of famous art is learned, antiquarian, bookish, imitative’. In ancient scientist Bramhagupta, Aryabhatta, Ramayana we have seen these features, which had Lilabotee, Konad, Budhayan and many other made this epic as literary genious of India. For inventors . Zero, the most important and miracle these reasons we must have seen that the influence number of numerology was invented also by our

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Cite as : Epic Ramayana: Sociological Thought, Culture & Ancient Indian Science; Vol.1|Issue 06|Pg:482-489 2014 great thinkers. In the epic Ramayana this type of science-culture had been included in deep root. Most of all we want to say that the culture ,science and technology used by the king Ravana and the famous kings, sheers and worriors of Ramayana has wondering us till now.

Modern painting by , Ravana kidnapped Sita and gave fight with Jatayu.

Sculpture based on the story of Ramayana

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