Volume XXXIV No. 1 January, 1979 INFORMATION ISSUED BY JHE ASSomnoM OF Jima KERKBS M SREAT OUTAIH
• C. Aronsfeltl So it was generally accepted that the ex termination of the Jews was to be carried out during the war, and it pleased Hitler to "re call" that he had foretold it the moment he EXTERMINATION AND WAR went to war. But actually the crime had been on his mind the moment he "decided to be Hitler's "Prophecy" in 1939 come a politician", just as war had always been on his mind and indeed the "mailed fist" wielded with the "extreme", "ultimate P This month it is 40 years that Hitler, in his (after the German neo-Nazis had done so brutality", hits out from any odd page of J'eiehstag speech of January 30, 1939, made years ago) that Hitler of all people "did not Mein Kampf. „"* the first time the solemn self-fulfilling know what was going on". Thus when at last he managed to provoke Propijecy" that the Jews would be extermin- But the intriguing thing is that while Hitler the war which he had always glorified, he ^^ in the event of war. Half-way between time and again insisted on recalling his combined it immediately with his favourite ^"6 November 1938 pogrom and the rape of "prophecy" of the Holocaust, he almost in ambition, the physical destruction of the Jews, ^choslovakia, as the model for a similar variably, by a peculiarly constant quirk, dated and after he had appeared as a "prophet" in I ^^truction of Poland, he saw that war was it back not to his speech seven months before the absence of war, his feverish, murderous ^ oming on the horizon and he tried to forge the war but to the speech of September 1. thoughts kept returning to the crime as if it jOead, "peacefully" as yet, by threatening to 1939 in which he announced the outbreak of had been "prophesied" at the outbreak of war. ^.'''^e his Final Solution to its logical conclu- war and where in fact the Jews were for „^^- The Jews, he said pointedly, would be once not mentioned at all. The error is too jj^^rtaken by a crisis of unimaginable dimen- consistent to be regarded as accidental. j^^'s". He knew what he was talking about, According to Jaeckel, the explanation is that fin if few would, could believe it. "there is an obvious link with the war. The SHADOWS OF THE PAST g^t the same time, he also hoped that extermination of the Jews was a part of the Simon Wiesenthal in Britain jQpfiasement might continue if he was known war from the start". (I "^ determined on so frightful a crime as This remark is perhaps ant to be a little During his recent visit to London, Simon L * Physical extermination of Jewry. Perhaps, misleading, in as much as it might suggest Wiesenthal, the Vienna "Nazi hunter" has 5j..^ckoned, "the Jews"—the real ones, the that the extermination, being "a part of the appealed to British Jews to write to Chancel lor Schmidt of West Germany, urging him to JJ ^cial ones or the bogeys—whom he saw war", could be considered a "war crime". It *o 1 ^^^^ °f ^^^ resistance to his schemes abolish the statute of ^imitations on prosecut was not; it had in fact nothing to do with the ing war criminals which is due to come into itiA ^^^^^ twice before defying him in arms conduct of the war except that it haopened effect on January 1, 1980. He has distributed "nri- ^^^ conquest of Europe could proceed to be carried out dtuing the war. The physical postcards depictmg a Nazi execution "taken jjj^isturbed. He always believed in the power destruction of millions of Jews was merely the from a German family album". They show an fj^^Tor and certainly all his experience went ultimate stage in a "final solution" which was unknown Nazi standing over a body with two tji to vindicate this belief. Blackmail seemed other bodies hanging from trees. Mr Wiesen part of Nazi ideology from its very beginning. thal said that this unidentified Nazi was still .[•ave paid handsomely in his career. The earliest slogan "Perish Judah" was meant free, and there should be no safe haven for u ,t fiid not this time, and when Britain was literally, and it was only an all too human these war criminals, 95 per cent of whom had pA^ubdued by the trick of the Nazi-Soviet incredulity that failed to realise the truly survived the war. "To forget the last Holocaust 'W ^® *^^ ^^^ * moment perplexed. Yet his deadly seriousness of it. The Holocaust was as is to open the door on the next one". stj.^^'^hecy" stood and he took pains to demon- muoh nart of Nazism as were all forms of ,^^6 how much he was in eamest when he violence including (and especially) war. The i^^^tiouslv repeated and recalled the Holocaust was to be perpetrated behind the Hitler auction vetoed a'""^rous threat at least a dozen times during decoy of war as the most effective screen An auction of some of Hitler's personal PfQ ^r. On January 30. 1942, for example, he ensuring that it could be thought least open to belongings which was to be held at the Paris 13^'^^y recalled having "gone on record—and challenge. Hotel Drouot, has been banned by the prefect Mh "^^^^^"^ n°t to make any hasty prophecies This idea had been explained by Hitler even of police, because according to a 19'76 law ittia -^ this war will not end as the Jews before he was in power. In June 1931 he any exhibition or auction of uniforms, insignia, tiwf.'"^ but that the result will be the des- documents or other articles owned by Nazis declared that in the event of a war the Jews during the Hitler regime is forbidden. One of the °^ Jevsry". Also, at almost each of would be "crushed by the wheels of history". the items to be auctioned was a plaque show hg. '"fiPeat performances, in February, Septem- Nor was this merelv Hitler's own idea. An ing Hitler making a speech. Its edges were IgA 'November 1942. February. March. April other Nazi leader, the one time well-known decorated with swastikas and oak leaves and \j '."January 1944, he added for good measure Willi Boerger, about the same time promised the names of the countries occupied by the "" ti!^ *° flaunt his powers of a "prophet" and Nazis. Among them, one space had been left that "when we are in power and one French open for Britain. "•^IP ^"^^ knowledge of the "prophecy's" soldier should cross the German frontier, then '•(,^''tless self-fulfilment—that those who the next day will see the death of every single '^UDU laughed" at him were "no longer Jew in Germany". Neo-Nazis in France j~iing now", In 1934 Julius Streicher was already able s^jr his reflections on "Hitler's Weltan- to "recall" that in the event of war "the A number of antisemitic publications have Jj^lJ^ng", the German historian Eberhard German people will kill every Jew in Ger repeated the allegation recently published in the weekly "L'Express" by the "French is jj^fil writes: "This monotonous insistence many", and Dr Goebbels foretold the same in Eichmann", Louis Darquier de Pellepoix, that ./^'y astounding and its motivation is not the event of an economic crisis: "Let them the Holocaust was a big lie invented by world apparent. Did Hitler want to indicate not believe (he said) that if there were a Jewry. Professor Faurisson of Lyons Univer "Is a ccomplices in murder that he backed threat to our economic situation we would sity was suspended foUowing complaints that "le fi ^th his authority? Did he want to have allow the Jews to go scotfree"; the German he denied the existence of the gas chambers %at ^^ solution put on the record in time? people would "then first of all strike at those and the authenticity of Anne Frank's Diary. Mr. Serge Klarsfeld has lodged a complaint fate ^^^'^ the reasons, it is certain, at any who are within our grip in Germany". Goring, against Mr. Jean Legay, personal assistant to V *^* ^^ acknowledged his handiwork". though not otherwise a fanatic, agreed, de the secretary-general of the French police thoy'V^Pe language was not used to conceal claring it at the time of the November pogroms during the Vichy regime, on behalf of the bog^pt, and these ostentatious, if not frantic, "a matter of course" that "in the event of a relatives of the 75,000 Jews herded together lie , are in themselves enough to give the conflict in foreign affairs we shall think about in the Velodrome d'Hiver and subsequently '° those "scholars" who now "discover" making a great reckoning of the Jews". deported in July 1942. Page 2 AJR INFORMATION January 1979
INCREASE OF GERMAN AND NEWS FROM GERMANY AUSTRIAN PENSIONS With effect from March 1, 1978- annuities under the Gennan Bundes- JEWISH INSTFTUTE AT HEIDELBERG DANGEROUS BOOKS Entschaedigungs-Gesetz (BEG) will be in; Students from all over Europe showed great The Federal Office for the examination of creased by 4-5 per cent on the average- interest in the new Jewish Institute set up at books for young people has banned three this does not apply to the minimum annu Heidelberg University. Apart from the study publications: a record entitled "Hitler speaks: ities whose increases will be 7 per cen^- of the Jewish past and the persecution, the Give me four years!" and two pamphlets. On the other hand, the maximum annmties Institute has established the training of com During 1978, 23 publications on the war and munal leaders for the new Jewish communi the Nazi regime and 25 publications praising for damage to profession, which amounteo ties in the Federal Republic as one of its the use of violence were banned for young to DM 1.821, have been increased to Dua principal tasks. people. They must not be sold to minors, and 1.888 per month, i.e. by about 3-7 per cannot be publicly advertised. cent; this lower percentage of increase appeared justified to the Govemment be; THE STUDY OF BUBER FRENCH JEWS DEMONSTRATE cause, as opposed to the civil servants More than 10,000 visitors saw the recent pensions, the compensation annuities are Buber exhibition in Worms and bought the In a demonstration in Cologne, 40 French exempted from taxation. Although tae instructive catalogue. It will now be shown in Jews demonstrated outside the house of the draft law has not yet been enacted, pay' a number of other towns, and especially in former SS leader Kurt Lischka, demanding his arrest and early trial. From 1940-1943, ments of the increases, together with tne university cities where special study circles arrears, have already started. ... on Buber have been formed. At the moment Lischka had been vice-chief of the French it is in Trier. In Strasboiu-g, a colloquium was Security Service and was one of those direct German social insurance pensions w**} held, attended by French, German and Israeli ing the deportation of Jews from France. Last be increased by approximately 4-5 l^*^ July, the Cologne public prosecutor started cent as from January 1, 1979, onwairts- scholars, and it was decided to publish Buber's proceedings agamst him, but nothing much has writings in France and to prepare scholarly happened since. The respective Govemment draft of tne translations. 21st Rentenanpassungsgesetz foresees i^' NO UNIFORM FOR DACHAU! ther increases of 4 per cent each per HEINE IN MOSCOW AND DUESSELDORF January 1, 1980, and January 1, 1981. Private Anselm Conrad, a 19-year-old mem Austrian social insurance pensions ^f^ The Soviet National Literature Museum in ber of the Bundeswehr, was sentenced by a the Petrovka convent in Moscow had a six be increased by 6-5 per cent as fro"' court martial to three days' detention for January 1, 1979. weeks' Heine exhibition which was seen by attending a trade-union organised wreath- more than 7,000 visitors. There were some 200 laying ceremony at Dachau, wearing his mili exhibits, including the watch of Mathilde tary uniform. Army regulations forbid the Heine, a Marx-Engels book from Heine's wearing of uniforms at a political function. library, and a recently discovered letter from STOP ORDER FOR L.A.G. PROCEEDUN*'*' Heine to the composer Hector Berlioz. Heine's LIFTED brother Maximilian lived in Leningrad or GERMAN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC Petersburg as it was then called, and married We are pleased to announce that o^ a dentist's widow there. For more than a cen November Pogroms Remembered December 1, 1978, the President of tn^ tury. Heine's writings have been translated The 40th anniversary of the November 1939 Bundesausgleichsamt has lifted the stop into Russian. After it closed in Moscow, the pogroms was also remembered in many parts order of March 15, 1978, which affect^ exhibition was transferred to Heine's birth of the German Democratic Republic. In the place Duesseldorf and displayed at the Hein the proceedings under the Lastenau* presence of representatives of the East-Ger gleichsgesetz (L.A.G.) for claimants in t» rich-Heine Institute. man Jewish communities and of the State authorities, wreaths were laid dovra in the U.S.A. and all Western countries. * Berlin-Weissensee cemetery, as well as on the Furthermore, it has been decided tn» CONTACTS DUESSELDORF—HAIFA memorial site of the former Sachsenhausen claimants under the LAG who had to enu' A "Freundeskreis Duesseldorf—Haifa" was concentration camp. Under the auspices of the grate as victims of Nazi persecution fi*^ recently founded in Duesseldorf under the Federation of Churches, a collection of mater places now in the territory of the Gerrn^ patronage of the Lord Mayor and Municipal ial and of the political aspects of the pogroms Democratic Republic are also entitled ^ Council members of the three parties. During was published under the heading "Als die Svnagogen brannten — Kristallnacht und the so-caUed "Entwurzelungs-Zuschlag " the short time since its foundation the 10 per cent. "Freundeskreis" has already enlisted 150 Kirche". members. One of its first tasks will be to invite former Duesseldorf citizens who now live in East Berlin Synagogue Re-opened Haifa. It is expected that a corresponding or "ALFRED DOEBLIN PLACE" ganisation of former Duesseldorf citizens will The chairman of the East Berlin Jewish be founded in Haifa shortly. community. Dr. Peter Kirchner, spoke at the A small green site opposite the ioTTH dedication of the renovated only synagogue in Dresdener Strasse market-hall and close j East Berlin (Ryckestrasse), which had been the Berlin Wall was given the name "^'M ISRAELI POLICE VISIT MUNICH closed for the last eighteen months. The build Doeblin Platz." The ceremony took pla^e 'j 16 yoimg policemen and policewomen visited ing which was not bumt down during the 1938 the presence of the author's sons, Claude ^J^j Munich as guests of the police trade union. November pogroms, was originally built on Stefan, and their wives. District Mayor Pits'^"J Head of the delegation was Major Nathan 1904 and provided room for 2,000 people. Its recalled that from 1908 to 1911 Doeblm «» Schmelzer of the Technical Police HQ of Jeru inside which had been destroyed by the Nazis, worked as a doctor quite near the place, i^LLt salem. At a reception by the City of Munich, was restored after the war, and it was there Urban Hospital and also stressed that the i'^^^ attended by leading members of the Bavarian after called "Temple of Peace". The dedica Berlin Funkturm was visible from the P'"^. police, the City Govemment and the Jewish tion was attended by more than 1,000 people, now named after Doeblin, whose most injP,je community, German speakers expressed their including high govemment officials and repre ant work was "Berlin Alexanderplatz". ClaHjy gratitude for their readiness to overcome pain sentatives of Jewish communities in East Doeblin, who had only twice visited his ^ jj ful memories and to continue the spirit of European countries. The service was conducted of birth after the war, spoke about his yo^^'j friendly co-operation which had for a long by the Hungarian Rabbi Dr. Salgo, as there in Berlin and the atmosphere in his fatne time existed between the German and the has not been a resident rabbi for several house. Israeli police. For years there had been an ex years. The East Berlin community has 366 change programme in both police forces and members. In the entrance hall of the syna this was actually the fourth such visit by gogue the Institute for German History Israeli police representatives. 21 (Jerman arranged an exhibition "Persecution of Jews TWO MORE CHAGALL WINDOWS FOR | policemen and policewomen visited Israel sub 1933—1945". MAYENCE sequently and received an equally warm recep tion. A number of citizens of Mayence b^^ contributed large sums to enable Marc ChaS JJ BECHSTEIN STEINWAY BLUTHNER to create two more windows for St. Stephe ,, HFTLER STTLL A CITY FREEMAN Church. The first window depicting the ere e Finest selection reconditioned PIANOS ing of the world had 15,000 visitors during ^ The Public Relations Office of the city of first few months. Hameln confirmed that Hitler was still a Always interested in purchasing freeman of the city, as it was impossible to deprive people of honours bestowed on them well-preserved instruments during the Third Reich. There were another MEMORIAL IN LUENEN 180 German cities to which this applied. A JACQUES SAMUEL PIANOS LTD. if leading official of Goettingen stated that the 142 Edgware Road, W.2 Tel.: 723 8818/9 At the site of the former Synagogue^ town councU had done just this to Hitler and Luenen (Westphalia) a Memorial was con other leading Nazis in August, 1952. crated on November 9. AJR INFORMATION January 1979 Page 3 HOME NEWS ANGLOJVDAICA Largest Day Centre in the World SCROLLS FROM ALEXANDRIA 'THANK-YOU BRITAIN" FUND LECTURES The Jewish Day Centre which will move to IN LONDON a wing at the Golders Green Michael Sobell Sir Otto Kahn-Freund on Labour Relations House next spring, will cost £100,000 a year ^When Lord Segal, Deputy Speaker of the In his three lectures Sir Otto Kahn-Freund to run. Two-hundred-and-fifty elderly, blind and nf li?* **^ Lords and chairman of the council otherwise disabled people are expected to use ?* the Anglo-Israel Association, was received by dealt in an extremely concise and methodical way with the multifarious subject of Labour it every day. The Jewish Welfare Board and Resident Sadat during a visit to Egypt last year, the Jewish Blind Society have issued an ||e raised the question of eleven Torah scrolls Relations, their historical development and S"oni the Great Synagogue in Alexandria, their current problems. The fact that the appeal for helpers. '•oese scrolls have now been sent to London lecturer could base his treatise both on his past experience on the Continent and his ia ^ ^^^ ^^ Munir, a Minister at the Egypt- Central British Fund Grants ?i Embassy, in his first contact with the Lon- knowledge of the conditions in this country Qon Jewish Community, said that their release made his analysis particularly stimulating. Among other things, he reminded the audience The Central British Fund, now re-named provided great evidence of Egypt's and Presi Council of World Jewish Relief, has authorised dent Sadat's good will. The scrolls are beauti that the roots of this country's trade unions were in the guild system; this origin explains grants towards its overseas aid programme fy worked with silver headpieces and inlaid totalling £41,700. £25,000 was set aside to help y^'-a mother-of-pearl and ivory. They are be- the strict demarcation lines between skilled workers in their respective spheres. One of his Jewish communities in Eastem Europe. It in £7nn° ^^ ^^^ 100 years old and insured for cluded special equipment for an old peoples' ^0,000. Four of them were donated by mem- conclusions at the end of the lectures was that a case could be made for a new type of collec home being built in Bucharest, and welfare ^'^ of the Rolo family. Lady Segal is the only work for the elderly in Poland. Israel will re daughter of the late Mr Robert J. Rolo, for tive bargaining to which the central organisa tions on both sides, the T.U.C. and the C.B.I., ceive £10,000 for an educational centre for rf'^y years president of the Alexandria com- mentally handicapped children under the age J^^ity, and she and her husband were mar- and the Govemment are parties, "a more formal type of social contract". of six and for a child development treatment iqi!, ^° the Alexandria Great Synagogue in centre. Other grants were given to care for .?'^. Seven of the scrolls are to be shown at It would be preposterous to try and compress destitute Jewish children in Bombay, the ren ."e Wembley Sephardi Synagogue and another the wealth of material and ideas propounded ovation of an old people's home in Morocco, ^.^ at the Oxford Synagogue, but they will by Sir Otto in a brief report. Yet readers may and a clinic in Casablanca. rj* eventually be on loan to other synagogues look forward to the book in which their full ••"d will be circulated. contents will be published. All that can be said £12,500 was raised for World Jewish Relief, at this stage is that no member of the formerly the Central British Fund, by an art V, l/esident Kaunda of Zambia has also given audience could fail to admire the masterly way auction at the Royal College of Arts. ^ernussion for the transfer of Torah scrolls, in which the speaker immediately got his tu^yer books and other religious objects from listeners under his spell—no mean achieve Jewish Boys at Buckingham Palace trv ?^ndling Jewish community in his coun- ment if a most complicated subject has to be left Israel. There are only some 400 Jews explored in a scholarly way. Isra i"^^**^ funds will eventually be sent to Nine old boys of the Manchester Jewish Grammar School, accompanied by their former senior master, Mr Bemard Penn, went to Buck FRED UHLMAN'S REUNION ingham Palace to receive their Duke of Edin EL AL SECURITY MEN DEPORTED The 77-year-old painter and writer Fred Uhl burgh Gold Awards and were closely question man, has received a letter from the head ed by Prince Philip. A room at the Palace was (X Jwo Israeli security men who were testing master of his old school in Stuttgart, which put at their disposal so that they could say .6 security arrangements at Heathrow, tried is the scene of his novella "Reunion", inform their Mincha and Maariv prayers. Two of the tij j^'iter the country with a fake bomb in ing him that the book has been included in the boys are studying at an Israeli Yeshivah. the suitcase. It was promptly detected by school's syllabus of set books. The letter also authorities, and they were banned from mentions that, after 1933, the school had become «nteriig Britain. a "fortress of resistance" to Nazi antisemitism, Kosher Catering and that today, "the horror of antisemitism is told with complete, pitiless honesty so that it Trevor Chinn, chairman of the Joint Israel AIRWAYS STOP DISCRIMINATION will never happen again". Appeal officially opened the kosher catering section of the Carlton Towers Hotel in giv^tish Airways have issued instructions that Knightsbridge. in c'^ • "'^^^ travelling on BA flights landing ISRAELI AWARDS FOR BRFTONS dem^i^' ^'^ no longer have to sign forms in- The Hyde Park Hotel, which belongs to the act!r"ying BA against the possibility of legal The 1979 Jerusalem Prize was awarded to Trust Houses Forte Group, has installed kosher to p"','f they are inconvenienced and subject Sir Isaiah Berlin, professor of social and kitchens where the catering is done by Ring ^inbarrassment during such landings. political philosophy at Oxford University. The & Brymer, the City's oldest caterers. The first Prize is awarded to the author whose writings time they were asked to supply a kosher func best express the idea of the freedom of the tion, was 22 years ago, at St James's Palace S & SPENCER WILL ASSIST EGYPT individual in society. when the Duke of Edinburgh addressed a Jew ish audience. to At The Hon. Mr. Terence Prittie was inscribed red Sir iw^ 'Meeting of the Anglo-Israel Association, in the Golden Book of the Jewish National St)(.„ ^^<^us Siefl, chief executive of Marks & Fund. Uri GeUer's bluff caUed? and jvencer, said that his firm had helped Israel A Sir Henry d'Avigdor Goldsmid Chair in foQj^yelop her highly sophisticated textile and agricultural economics was inaugurated at the chef ^mp V^^^tries and was prepared to do the Hebrew University's agricultural faculty in The famous Israeli Uri Geller, who some had sigjjl tor Egypt, as soon as a peace treaty was Rehovot. Israeli-bom Professor Yoav Kislev is years ago bent spoons and revived stopped tli« watches before a large TV audience, has been its first incumbent. exposed by his manager Yasha Katz, who said )la^ that he had personally arranged many of Gel- THE NEW LORD SAMUEL RAKUSEN GROUP SAVED ler's "hoaxes". GeUer replied by offering £50,000 to anv magician who can duplicate his ca^<^f essoorr David Herbert Samuel who be- Both Bonn's and Rakusen's matzot will be trick of transmitting pictures by thought-waves. itf death third Viscount Samuel after the recent available for Passover, following the purchase The magician David Berglas, who comes from r's tiinJ' ^^ ^'^ father, has stated that he will con- by United Biscuits (UK) of the Rakusen Group a family of Jewish refugees in this country, in g, *^th his work at the Weizmann Institute assets from the company's receiver. has accepted the challenge. Vear • * • ""^^ ^^^' spend three months of every Of iJ^ Britain to attend sessions of the House Your House lor:— Lecture Course at Zion Honse FLOOR COVERINGS The subject of this year's Lecture Course ^^T HEADQUARTERS FOR LONDON CURTAINS, CARPETS, of the Theodor Herzl Society in conjunction that^^^*^ Ort Union decided at its last meeting SPECIALITY with London University will be "Israel—A Tale ^^lev headquarters should be moved from ENGLISH & CONTINENTAL of Six Cities". The details may be seen from leo ''eertZJ^to London in order to save much- the advertisement in this issue. Interested AJR ^^d funds. DOWN QUILTS, DUVETS, members and their friends are cordially ^tll« DUVET COVERS & SHEETS invited. ISRAEI.I COIN ON SALE ALSO RE-MAKES AND RE-COVERS Th ESTIMATES FREE Oosedown of Relief Society i«snpj 5739 Chanucah commemoration coin, DAWSON-LANE LIMITED After over 50 years of help for the Jewish *ori(? py the Bank of Israel and distributed (established 1946) poor in London's East End, the Society for the israpi- ,?e, was sold at the local branches of 17 BRIDGE ROAD, WEMBLEY PARK Relief of the Sick and Poor has closed. Its ? faci °anks in Britain in December. It has Telephone: 904 6671 cash balance of £3,000 is being divided among oPS^. Uinn ,^^ue of I£l-25 and depicts a Chanucah personal attention ol Mr. W. Shsekinan 35 charities in this country and Israel. *" irom Southern France. Page 4 AJR INFORMATION January 1979
SWITZERLAND NEWS FROM ABROAD £1 Million Manuscript Sale At Sotheby's sale in ZUrich, 33 UNITED STATES SOUTH AFRICA Hebrew and Samaritan manuscripts from tne Kosher Food for Troops Sassoon collection fetched about £1 million. President Carter's Holocaust Commission The collection was probably the most irop°?,' President Carter has formed a 24-member The Joint National Jewish Chaplaincy Com ant left in private hands. It was founded oy commission to study the Holocaust. Its chair mittee in Johannesburg has announced that the late David Solomon Sassoon. In 19'?' man is Mr. Elie Wiesel, a survivor of the death there are kosher kitchens for Jewish members Sotheby's sold another 38 manuscripts from ii camps; other members are Isaac Bashevis of the forces at five Army bases and dry for over £1 million. At the recent sale, one oi Singer, the Nobel Prize novelist, Mr. Bayard kosher rations in the operational area near the the highest prices paid was £160,000 for. a Rustin, a former assistant of the late Dr. border with Angola. Observant Jewish service tenth-century Bible written in Iraq or Syr^ Martin Luther King, Professor Telford Taylor, men can ask for a transfer to a unit with a A Zurich dealer paid the top price of £204,08^ a prosecutor at the Nuremberg trials, and kosher kitchen. This makes the South African on behalf of the National Library, Jerusalem- Father Theodore Hesburg, president of Notre Army the only one in the world — outside for the famous, richly illustrated De Casffo Dame University. The commission will make Israel—to provide kosher food. Pentateuch, written in Germany in 1344, Mr. recommendations for the establishment of a Teddy Kollek, the Mayor of Jerusalem, per memorial to the victims and for April 28 and sonally collected the money for the purchase 29 next year to be designated "Days of NETHERLANDS from several European and American Frienas Remembrance of Victims of the Holocaust." War Criminal Freed of the Israel Museum. Pieter Menten, the 79-year-old Dutch art No Kosher Meat Yad Vashem in Los Angeles dealer, charged with complicity in the execution of 29 Jews in Poland m 1941, has been set In a referendum on a new "Law for the Los Angeles, with 450,000 Jews, the second free by the Dutch High Court;, because he Protection of Animals", 82 per cent of those largest Jewish community in the world, has had been promised immunity by a former taking part voted for the law which bans just seen the consecration of its memorial for Dutch Minister of Justice in 1952. After his "cmel" forms of slaughter including shechita. the Holocaust victims, a replica of the Jeru arrest in 1976, the West Berlin finance authori Such a ban has existed since 1893 when " salem Yad Vashem with bronze plaques for ties appealed for the annulment of a settle was introduced from antisemitic motives. each of the 21 death camps. In addition, the ment which, 20 years ago, awarded him Kosher meat can, however, be imported from Simon Wiesenthal Center for Holocaust Studies DM 550,000 restitution for loss of property, abroad. at the Yeshivah University has just been com including works of art, during the Nazi occu pleted. pation of Poland. The West Berlin High Court has now rejected the appeal because it is Prayer-Room at Ziiricb Airport barred under the Statute of Limitation. Men- Berlin-bom Senator ten admittedly served in the Nazi forces in Swissair and the airport authorities have 1941. opened a prayer-room for Jewish passengers ai One of the two recently elected new Zurich airport. Bibles, prayer books, prayer (Republican) senators of the Federal State Menten is reported to have been promised shawls, and tefilin are available on demana. of Minnesota is Rudy Boschwitz, who was bom immunity in retum for his silence on the so- At the Terminal B transit restaurant, kosner in Berlin. The son of Ely Boschwitz, he came called Velsen affair which proved that high- food is provided. to the U.S. via Holland. He is the owner of ranking police oflBcers and Justice oflScials the Minnesota Plywood Ltd. were serving the German occupiers for pay ment. The Dutch Govemment ordered an NAZI RALLY IN MADRID inquiry into the affair, but the findings were No Arab Senator Left kept secret "in the national interest". Large numbers of neo-Nazis, .wearin| swastika armbands, were prominent in a "Js The only Senator of Arab descent, Mr. parade of extreme Right-wing supporters «* James Abourczk, retired at the recent election. Politician's Nazi-Links the centre of Madrid. In New York, Mr. Robert Abrahams, a leader Mr William Aantjes, a leading Dutch politic in the movement to support Soviet Jews, was COMMUNISTS FOIL ARAB TAKE-OVER elected State Attomey-General. ian who often spoke at Jewish demonstrations in support of Israel, has resigned all his offices In Rimini, Italy, an Arab attempt to take after disclosures that he had wartime links over Italy's top kosher hotel, the "Grand',.an" Jewish Advertisements not accepted with the SS. He declared that he was going to clear his name, as he had only been a mem make it part of a vast Arab-only Aariavi'- The "Interaational Herald Tribune" has ber of the Germanic SS, a para-military wing holiday complex, has been foiled by "^ admitted that it does not take advertisements of the Dutch Nazi Party, and that he had re Communist-mn local authorities. The Araos from Jewish companies in copies circulated in sisted attempts to press him into active ser wanted to buy a wooded hill in order to buu" the Middle East, because otherwise these vice. He had been sent to Port Natal punish 250 holiday villas for wealthy Arabs ana " copies are banned. ment camp in northern Holland as a prisoner private club. and been assigned to do administrative work and to act as an interpreter. Mr Aantjes was Protests against PLO Film the parliamentary leader of the Christian FRANCE The film "Terror in the Promised Land" Democrats, the senior party in the govemment Jewish Boxing Champion which shows the training of PLO terrorists coalition with the Liberals. and their rallies in Beimt, as well as alleged Frenchman Gilbert Cohen, a Paris antique torture of terrorists in Israel, was shown on dealer, formerly a paratrooper in the Israel the privately owned American Broadcasting array, knocked out the 23-year-old British cbaiw- Company national TV network. The company pion in the third round of their scheduled J-^ subsequently received protest calls and letters round contest at the Wembley Conferenc'; from thousands of viewers. Gorta Radiovision Centre and won the vacant European aS^'' Service middleweight title. Wamings against Oberammergau Play (Mcadxt R.T.R.A.) Jews from Arab Countries appeal to Sadat The American National Conference of Christians and Jews has wamed the Oberam The World Organisation of Jews from Arab mergau village council that it will call for a Countries, meeting in Geneva, aPPealed^ boycott of the 1980 passion play, unless the President Sadat to set an example to otne^ text is changed. In March the present council 13 Frognal Parade, Arab governments by settling the claims " reversed a decision of its predecessor to re some 80,000 Jews from Egypt. It asked for tB^ place the antisemitic play by a text written by Finchley Road, N.W.3 restitution of synagogues and compensation i" Ferdinand Rosner, a Benedictine monk, which expropriated property. had been performed between 1750 and 1850. Museum of Egyptian Jews SALES REPAIRS Sun heats mikva Jews of Egyptian origin of whom thef^ In suburban North Hollywood, the first solar- are many in France are planning to open heated mikva was dedicated by the Shaare museum to house the scrolls and manuscnp Zedek Congregation. Ten panels on the roof, We can provide a quick and brought from Egypt which reflect the COD* next to the rain cistern, collect the sun's munity's long and varied history. radiation and heat 2,000 gallons of water to efficient Coloor Television an average temperature of 32 degrees Celsius. Service. The pool is completely drained, and the water filtered and recirculated each day—tvirice a day (435 8635) With acknowledgement to the ne«B if the mikva is used by Chassidic men in the service of the Jewish Chronicle. moming. AJR INFORMATION January- 1979 Page 5
^Son Lars Germany's future, about certain damgerous features of the German national character. One of his most pungent poems said: "Wenn wir den Krieg gewonnen hatten, dann ware Deutschland nicht zu retten FIFTY YEARS AGO: WEIMAR CLIMAX und gliche einem Irrenhaus ... Zum Gltick gewannen wir ihn nicht." Another poem wamed us prophetically: . "We were rather worried about the play, been short-lived vtrithout the music by Kurt "Kennst du das Land, wo die Kanonen ^Sht until the end of the dress rehearsal. Weill, deceptively simple and ideally comple bltihn? "Personally, I was afraid the first night would mentary to the lyrics. It was that music which Du kennst es nicht? Du wirst es kennen be a complete flop, and I made arrangements made the Threepenny Opera last until today. lemen!" to put on Charley's Aunt at short notice if the Why did the sudden interest in Weimar Kurt Tucholsky, too, presented us with two Oew one had to close down", said the Drama- cidture begin at all, why has it caught on volumes in 1928/29: Mit 5 PS, meaning the ^'•p of Berlin's Theater am Schiffbauerdamm, especially among the yoimg generation of the five pen-names under which he wrote, and Jleinrich Fischer—who was to work during 1970s? In Germany itself it may be due to a Das Lacheln der Mona Lisa; he was, however, p exile for the German section of the BBC great nostalgia for a time when the country, writing in Paris where he had made his home '^ London—when I interviewed him in the though still poor after the loss of the war and two years earlier. late summer of 1928. The play we were talking a devastating inflation, experienced a cultural It was in those years that the most contro ^bout was Brecht-Weill's Threepenny Opera. blossoming as never before, in an atmosphere versial novel in modem German literature It turned out to he the greatest success of of freedom and cosmopolitanism, yet with a appeared: All Quiet on the Westem Front by ' time on the German-language stage. Within general apprehension that it all happened on Erich Maria Remarque, who had served at ^ short period before the Nazi regime top of a powder keg. Looking back, we can the front as a teenager. It had taken him put an end to what we now call Weimar say that Berlin rose to the rank of an inter nearly a decade to digest the horrible war uiture, 200 theatres produced it; even today, national capital of the arts. The comparison experiences. He wrote them down in brutal nen that period has such a vigorous renais- wtth the somewhat arid scene after the end of frankness, completely without the traditional J^** in both Germany and many other the last war may have played a major part in heroic sugar-icing of German war literature. ^ountries, the Threepenny Opera is still that renaissance. Outside Germany, it is The book swept Germany like wildfire; within u,^^T^ed as symbolic and representative of the perhaps due to a desire to see that country three months, over half a million copies were in its brightest glory before the darkness of Joh *^'tural era. Brecht had freely adapted sold. The reactionaries hated it profoundly, the Nazi age descended on it. If we want to for it debunked their cherished stab-in-the-back ^^"n Gay's Beggars' Opera, then exactly 200 celebrate an anniversary we can do so right legend: that the Gennan soldier had been tn^^ old, setting it in an undetermined period now; for the climax of that era was the time betrayed by the "November criminals". suit his basic theme: -'Erst kommt das just fifty years ago, the years 1928/29. ^n, dann kommt die Moral". Other anti-militarist war books followed— Ivr '^* songs Brecht used some earlier The first night of the Threepenny Opera like Ludwig Renn's also very successful J- '*^ of his own. One, the Kanonensong, was was only one of its many highlights; another Krieg and Emst Glaeser's Jahrgang 1902— p]g*?^Ptation of a Kipling poem; but the major was the emergence of a writer who "made while Amold Zweig's Streit um den Sergeanten IAJ^^"^"^ I»e had committed, without acknow- people read poetry again", as a literary critic Grischa had already come out in 1927. Among spoH ° ^'^ source in the programme, was put it. Erich Kastner's first two volumes of the many novels which were published in •Mfrt^*^ by Berlin's leading drama critic, poems, which virtually bowled us over, those years and have stood the test of time iy^^p Kerr: six song lyrics had been lifted, appeared in those years (almost simultaneously were Jakob Wassermann's splendid Der Fall JY^ by word, from a German translation of with his classic thriller for children, Emil and Mauritius, Franz Werfel's Abituriententag. ^^?ois VUlon's baUades, published in 1911 the Detectives). Here we had our very own Vicki Baum's Menschen im Hotel and the Brechl A"®^'^^" lieutenant, K. L. Ammer. poet with his so-called Gebrowchslj/rifc that working-class doctor Alfred Doblin's Berlin ejfnj? ^id not deny Kerr's disclosure but was an eflfective mixture of romanticism and Alexanderplatz, set among the underprivileged "prlfl^^ his piracj', unblushingly, with his neue Sachlichkeit—reminiscent in many ways of our town. By the way, in 1929 Thomas BigT^^eiZe Laxheit in Fragen des geistigen of Heinrich Heine. And like Heine a century Mann was awarded the Nobel Prize for '^^'ntums". However, the play might have before, Kastner was deeply concemed about Literature. It was also the time when Franz Kafka, who had died in 1924, began to make his powerful posthumous impact in Germany. He had jotted down his private nightmares only for himself and begged his friend Max Brod to destroy the manuscripts after his death. Fortunately, Brod disobeyed and had them RENAULT published for the first time in Berlin; from there, Kafka's work made its way across the world. Beriin's publishers did not all regard themselves as businessmen in a commercial See the Renault range trade; many considered it their duty to pre serve the classics as well as to take risks in encouraging new talent. An outstanding per at Old Oak sonality was Samuel Fischer, whose list of authors included the brothers Mann, Gerhart (Wm SPRECHEN DEUTSCH/MLUVIIVIE CESKY) Hauptmann, Hermann Hesse, Hugo von Hof mannsthal, Stefan Zweig, Carl Zuckmayer. A Where we believe that changing your car is a very special place among Berlin's publishers was important business and you deserve to be treated as an occupied by Wieland Herzfelde with his left- individual, not just a sales figure. wing Malik Verlag, who introduced new Where you can see the whole Renault range of value for generations of American and Russian novelists money cars and light vans. We try to keep most models to German readers. in stock all the time. If we haven't got it, we'll get it In that cosmopolitan atmosphere we took And where we try and make things easy by offering works of art from many countries to our sensible part exchange prices, helping with finance and hearts. Max Reinhardt, the greatest theatrical insurance where necessary and generally looking after producer Germany had ever had, put his magic you. We're a family firm, and to us our customers always touch to Shakespeare and Schiller, Shaw and come first. Hauptmann, Galsworthy and Goethe, Moli^re and Hofmannsthal alike. Erwin Piscator, who Come and see for yourself. Old Oak-Service for cars-and people had failed as an "agitprop" producer in Berlin's proletarian districts, was immensely MOTOR successful with his brilliant stage adaptation COMPANY of Jaroslav Hasek's book The Good Soldier OLD OAK LMTED 79 WINDMILL HILL. ENFIELD 01-363 2261 Continued on pa^e 6 Page 6 AJR INFORMATION January 1979 Weimar Climax Margot PoUlitzer
Continued from page 5 RESISTANCE IN NAZI GERMANY
now joined by a new partner, a 24-year-old 1978 was the year when poignant memories Schwejk in the West End in 1928. Max Pallen girl with beautiful legs and a huslQ', sexy were revived by the 45th anniversary of the berg played Schwejk, and the highly original voice: Marlene Dietrich. This was her first Nazis' seizure of power and the 40th anni stage designs were done by George Grosz, the chance to display her "inimitable mixture of versary of the November pogroms. Memonal leading political cartoonist, and John Heart- elegance and vulgar smartness", as the critics meetings were held in Germany and in many field, the inventor of photomontage as a called it, right in the limelight. countries to remind the world of the suffer weapon of political propaganda. Friedrich Hollaender, the other leading ex ing and persecution that followed and to Foreign films had as much success and in ponent of the cabaret-revue, was his own one- warn against the dangers of similar happen fluence in the Weimar era as the best German man team of writer and composer. He aimed ings. Yet, there are other things which have ones by Fritz Lang and G. W. Pabst. 1928 not just at providing superb entertainment but an equal claim to be remembered, and i* brought us Pudovkin's Storm over Asia, at a high political and ideological standard in is good to know that this has been done: Dreyer's The Passion of Joan of Arc, Chaplin's the cabaret, which he regarded as "a battle it must never be forgotten that there were Circus, and the strange surrealist experiments field where the clean weapons of sharpened many German men and women who risked by some young Paris film-makers such as words and loaded music can beat those of their own lives to save those of the pe^' Rene Clair and Jean Renoir, Bunuel and Caval- murderous steel". In 1928, he was nearing the cuted and to resist a barbarous regime. Not canti, all still unknown in those last years of zenith of his artistic powers with the satirical all of them have been "unsung heroes"; books the silent screen. And so were two "immi revue, Bei uns—um die Geddchtniskirche rum. have been written about the Munich "White grants", Robert Siodmak and Billy Wilder, who And that was also the heading of an article in Rose" students group and particulariy about captured the peculiar fiavour of their host which Goebbels, in January, 1928, attacked the its heroes Hans and Sophie Scholl who went city Berlin, with its robust pleasures and erotic whole Weimar-Berlin culture as a purely to their deaths for their convictions, a^o aura, in a charming semi-documentary, Jewish "canker" on the otherwise healthy there is a vast literature about the 1944 plot Menschen am Sonntag. In 1929, we saw Elisa body of the German people in his Angriff. He to overthrow Hitler. Much less is known abou beth Bergner in the film version of Arthur made a poisonous pun: "This is not the elite the people whom the Jerusalem Yad Vashem Schnitzler's Fraulein Else. of the nation. ... It is merely the Israelite". honours in the "Avenue of the Righteous--; A "foreigner' from Vienna, Emst Krenek, people who sheltered and fed Jews and helpeu brought his highly original musical work to A Jewish Culture ? them to hide or to leave the country. Germany, the first jazz opera, Jonny spielt auf. In 1966, the late Rev. H. D. Leuner told The hero was an American black as the com The cultural miracle of the Weimar era, their story in his book "When Compassion poser-librettist imagined him, and the some which is today admired as an unique achieve was a Crime", in which he described tli what na'ive message was: jazz will conquer the ment, was never a cause of pride for the background against which such actions nJU^ world and make people love one another. Still, majority of the German people while it hap be seen and judged, and the many instance the premiere was a sensation. pened; in fact, one of the most effective arrows of individual heroism which succeeded i in the quiver of Nazi propaganda was that it saving lives. His book has long been out o Marlene's Debut was largely a Jewish affair. print, but the demand for it has never ceasej^ There was some tmth in this. But what we and it is therefore to be welcomed that Oswai Perhaps the most indigenous art form of then witnessed was not simply a "Jewish cul Wolff, publishers, have just brought out the Weimar era was the "literary" cabaret— ture"—it was a natural symbiosis of Jewish well-produced second edition with a new f^' without a leg-show, elaborate decors, costumes, and non-Jewish talents, inspiring, fertilizing, word by the Hon. Terence Prittie*. JJ^^ or an orchestra. As a rule, it was a small hall, complementing each other. This was most Prittie draws attention to the fact that tn often a former cafe; there were just a bare obvious on a personal level where Jews and outside world did very little to encourag podium and a piano, but plenty of Weltan Gentiles either worked together or competed German resistance and that at the l""* schauung, Left-wing of course. The public sat with each other as professional colleagues: Evian Conference "so-called civilised coim at tables. Lyrics and dialogues, satirical and Brecht and Weill, Pabst and Lang, the tries vied with each other in finding reason often hard-hitting, were frequently contributed physicists Einstein and Planck, Reinhardt and for not accepting Jewish refugees." He PO"i by well-known writers like "Tucholsky, Kastner, Piscator, Kastner and Tucholsky, the Bauhaus out that it will never be known how "^T^. Mehring, and Brecht. Berlin had about two architects Gropius and Mendelsohn, to mention Germans took grave risks to save Jews P dozen such cabarets in 1928/29, and the young just a few "couples". It was a chemistry of cause much of the documentation has o generation flocked to them. We had many personalities which seems to have begun, un appeared, but he is sure that the sum marvellous cabarettists: Claire Waldoff, noticed, decades earlier; we had, for instance, human kindness and decency in Nazi Germany Wilhelm Bendow, Joachim Ringelnatz, Fritz still the two grand old men of German im was greater than the outside world supposeo^ Griinbaum, Rosa Valetti, Trude Hesterberg, pressionism amongst us, the Bavarian-bom The case histories told by the author suppo' Paul Graetz, Annemarie Hase, Max Ehrlich, Max Slevogt and his counterpart, the plain- such an assumption. . ^ Oskar Karlweis—to name but a few. Wemer speaking Berlin Jew Max Liebermann. Another book, dealing vnth the wider ^f^^ Finck, who opened his Katakombe in 1929, Let us, therefore, be frank: there is no of resistance inside Germany against ^itl was the wittiest and most courageous among doubt that Jewish flair, imagination, lightness and his henchmen, has appeared in Belgiu/nv the outspoken anti-Nazi cabarettists. Storm- of touch, sense of taste and—last not least- This is in itself surprising, because Belgi" tropers came often and heckled him; he humour were responsible for a good deal of was foremost amongst Westem countries floored them vvith his repartees. Once they our Weimar culture. have harboured deep resentments ^^'j'd shouted at him: "Judenjungel" He smiled dis- anything German ever since the First ^^^g armingly: "You are mistaken. I just look so War and long before the emergence of <• intelligent". Then there was Erich Carow, a Nazis. Real and alleged atrocities had becow working-class Berliner and genuine clown, THEODOR HERZL SOCIETY part of the national consciousness, and ^^^y known only locally in his crummy hall in In conjunction with London University against the Germans flared up vehemen North Berlin until Heinrich Mann wrote about when the country was again occupied ^^^^ him—and the whole West End came to see invite you to the the last war. However, Professor Bern^^ him. Spring 79 Lecture Course who belonged to the Belgian Resistance a^^j Max Reinhardt had started a more elaborate Expert, mostly Israeii University Lecturers subsequently occupied a Chair at the ^^^^ug type of cabaret, which he called Schall und will speak on Royal Military Academy, explains that Rau<:h; it needed a proper theatre and actors First World War had been a war of ^^^^ who could also sing. But the most distinctive ISRAEL—A TALE OF SIX CITIES alities, whereas the second one represen form of the Kabarettrevue was developed in PAST—PRESENT—FUTURE a clash of ideologies. The book gives *.^ gjit the late 1920s, flrst by the team of Marcellus of these ideologies in a number of ^ fLed Schiffer, the lyricist, and Mischa Spoliansky, on Tuesdays at 8.15 p.m. at fields: the basic Nazi philosophy was ^PP^^go the composer. In 1928, they scored their 57 Eton Avenue, N.W.3. by groups of varying size in the ^e^n j._ greatest success with the revue Es liegt in der Army, in the various Churches, in the ^} IQ. Luft. It was remarkable not only because of The first 3 lectures will take place on sities, and among the population as a ^"^p Schiffer's sure-fire lyrics and Spoliansky's in January 23, February 6 and 20. That there was not more and more op^^ ventive and catching music; Margo Lion, Detailed leaflets from Mr. Herbert M. Hirsch opposition is explained, if not condoned, Schiffer's FrancoGerman, tall and thin wife Tel.: 435 7221. who had been the star of these revues, was Continaed on page 7 AJR INFORMATION January 1979 Page 7
RESISTANCE IN NAZI GERMANY Era G. Reichmann Continued from page 6 ^ vital diflerence in the situation that faced "TO BE OR NOT TO BE" fesistance workers in Germany and in the ?<^upied countries of Western Europe. The Reflections on an Inspiring Discussion latter were able to rely on the sympathies ^'id assistance of most of their fellow- "To be or not to be, that is the question". on a high level of intellectual integrity. There countrymen, in Germany they had to fear It sounds both classical and familiar, but the are—on both sides—honest convictions, but no enunciation from almost eveo'one. Professor familiarity quickly recedes when it is put into prejudices, firm beliefs, but no rigidity. While Bernard's book is extremely well-researched the terminology in which we find it in a book the letters of the American correspondent are ^i assembles a wealth of material which dealing with the ultimate question of Jewish only given in extracts and those of the Israeli [las never before been presented as a whole, existence and destiny. (Hillel Halkin, Letters in full, this does not lead to any unfair one- '" a scholarly and detached manner. to an American Jewish friend. A Zionist's sidedness. The extracts are expressive and The persecution of Jews did not come into Polemic. The Jewish Publication Society of comprehensive. The reader is not left guessing '"6 author's terms of reference, and where America. Philadelphia 1977). There it reads: what he may have lost in the missing pages of ''^ws are referred to, they appear as members "It is natural for a Jew who is committed to the American's arguments. The points he ?' political pai-ties or groups. Albert Einstein his Jewishness to seek to perpetuate Jewish makes become as clear as might be desired. 1^ nientioned as an "intellectual emigr6" who life in himself and in his people" (p 24). Hillel came from a strictly Orthodox Ameri ^ 1933, stayed in Belgium for some time When, on the following page, it is stated can family to Israel. He came after the Six- °^d had a number of long conversations with categorically: "Diaspora Jewry, I am con Day War. Not surprisingly, his Orthodox l^'ig Albert and Queen Elizabeth, whom he vinced, is (loomed; Jewish life has a future, upbringing did not withstand the Israeli I'wonned about the political situation. Accord- if at all, only in Israel" we prick up our ears; secularism for long. He has totally abandoned "S to records of these conversations, Einstein we realise what in this special case the his dogmatic Judaism and replaced it by what ^"pressed his concern at the attitude of question of "to be or not to be" is all about. he calls the 'Jewishness" which penetrates !^ent socialists Uke Emile Vandervelde, It is the question of Jewish survival—no more every feature of Israeli life, which, he feels, Jj^on Blum and Ramsay MacDonald, who did no less. has found its last and lasting abode in the j°t take Hitler seriously and saw a greater Two friends are discussing its dangers and state of Israel. His friend, on the other hand, ??^8er in Mussolini. Subsequently, a con- its chances. One of them sees its only hopes does not cease to point out that this so-called Jlued correspondence between Einstein and the in Israel, the other one, a deeply committed ••Jewishness" is not enough. His is a profound royal couple enlarged on this point. On American Jew, believes in the persistence not Jewish conviction, not primarily religious He occasion Einstein wrote that he had been only, but in the enduring productivity of the either but indicating impressive signs ecused of being a conscientious objector but this Diaspora. The question is not restricted to of his constant search for new religious Was not true. "Ftee people, and Belgium the mere survival of the Jews as human beings experiences. Above all, his belief in the l^particular, can never do enough to ensure but to their survival as Jews—however much necessary preservation of the Diaspora is ^ir own safety and contribute to the safety the concept "Jew" may be changing during founded on the certainty of his opinion that the world the exchange of the letters. Judaism has been ascribed to play an irre "Jewish life in the Diaspora is doomed" placeable part in the world. He opposes the H. D. Leuner. When Compassion was a Crime. Ger- retreat into a secular nation-state just as W,\ul^'^l silent Heroes 1939-1945. Oswald WolH London (p 23). To whom of us has the apprehension ••irst soft cover edition 1978, 164 pp. E3-95. seriously and solemnly as he praises the i|,,,^°'essof Henri Bernard, L'Autre Allamagm. La r«- that this may be a serious foreboding never Ou II •"emande i Hitler 1933-1945. La Renaissance yet caused some grievous trepidation? Looking eminent achievements resulting from the '•'"e. Brussels. 299 pp. around we are aware of ominous signs of Jewish-Gentile encounters, past and present. increasing gravity: the irretrievable secularisa To the Israeli friend these do not mean tion, religious indifference, the ethnological much. To mention one example for many weakening through inter-marriage and other others he goes out of his way to blame Yehuda THE JEWS OF HAMPSTEAD latent perils. Jewish existence has never been Halevi and Maimonides for writing their Exhibition in Library secure existence, neither during the period philosophical and poetical works in Arabic of its antique statehood, nor during the and not in Hebrew. "Why didn't they write in S\^ November. Hampstead Central Library, millennia of its Dispersion. Very probably, the Hebrew then? . . . Because they sensed or JeS^- Cottage, showed an exhibition on the constant insecurity necessitating powerful knew, despite their protestations to the con bv fv,"^ Hampstead since 1800. It was launched measures of resistance has even been one of trary, that their infatuation was a form of Jew Hampstead Council of Christians and j„*^ and documented the long association of the factors contributing to the miracle of its infidelity, alien to the rabbinic tradition to tion *^*^ Hampstead, including the contribu- survival. If this has been so it would be only which they were wed And in the end medi 4,, "pade by the refugees from Germany and one of the innumerable paradoxes of Jewish eval Jewish philosophy as an influence disap Isaa r • '^t the official opening, the Rev. Dr. history. peared with so little trace that you might think Svn ^ Levy, a former Minister of the Hampstead In the correspondence we are dealing with, all its books had been burned . . ." (pp 107/8.) stgl^Sogue, said the character of the Hamp- our attention is being vigorously directed to True, he feels compelled to admit the "stupend fesirf "^^^'^ ^^^ ^ special quality. Among its ous intellectual achievement" of modern Dias Isra i"^' Hampstead numbered men like the new safeguard against the dangers threat schr.1 ^t>rahams, the noted Anglo-Jewish ening Jewry from all sides: the state of Israel. pora Jewry (p 101) and even steels himself to Si'°'ar, the Bentwich family, and Sir Leon Hillel, the Israeli correspondent, is every describe Uie results of the meeting between hioK "' a classics scholar who once held a thing but a fanatic. In spite of his firm belief emancipated Jewry and European civilization to^iJ^st at the General Post OfiBce. From 1892 in the saving power of Israel, he does not as "an intellectual explosion" of a kind the •nini^' the Rev. A. A. Green had been the preach salvation; nor is he so cock-sure of his world has never witnessed before "among a hgj'^er of the Hampstead Synagogue. Hfe single people" or "ever will again" (p 101). It) 3 oeen the subject of many controversies. stance that any doubt uttered by his disputant \vu^PPearance he was a typical English parson would at once recoil from his deaf ears. On "And this is so unique", he adds, "that not tlig^ven wore a fiat parson's hat. He tau|ht the contrary: the attraction of this disputation only has it no parallel on this planet of ours, a nJ^e* Testament to senior Jewish pupils, lies in the fact that it is conducted throughout but even if . . . there are other worlds in the Lg\^<^tice he had to cease after pressure. Rev. universe with creatures who think like our fefn ^^ mentioned the influx of German selves, its like vrill not be found in them Sq^ees who later on founded the Belsize either" (p 102). But all this is to him without ingj,, ^e New Liberal Synagogue. The exhibition THIKKING OF RETIREMENT? Jewish significance. "It has been suggested", refi,„ ^*^ references to several well-known fef, I would like to participate and he says, "that Marx, Freud and Einstein ''gees who had settled in Hampstead invest in an established and pro fitable manufacturing concern Continued on page 8 with a view to gradually taking CAMPS over. Ideally the company shouid generate £10,000-£50,000 pre-tax BELSIZE SQUARE SYNAGOGUE INTERNMENT—P.O.W.— profit and have proprietary pro 51 Belsize Square, London, N.WJ FORCED LABOUR—KZ ducts with export potential. S.E. OLjr new communal hall Is available for iiark^'^
J' J. MtddU hands of Polish, East-European Jewry. In addition to the wide-spread rabbinic leaming, a prolific and multifarious Yiddish folk-litera ture thrived among the mass of the people, JEWRY IN EASTERN EUROPE so laying the foimdation for the rise of a rich and highly diversified Yiddish literature in the Salo Baron's latest Historical Work nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Among the outstanding features of East It has already become a truism that each over the Jewish world. European Jewry were the communal organisa Seneration of historians re-examines and re Although the few extant demographic tions, providing education and help for the writes history from a different vantage point, a records scarcely suffice for an assessment of sick and poor. A further, truly unique, achieve changed perspective, and in a new light. As new the continuous growth of the Jewish popula ment was the establishment of a semi-independ "material is discovered, it calls for fresh assess- tion in Eastern Europe, we can observe a ent social and communal autonomous body, the •Oent and reappraisal of previously unknown or rapid increase in the number of Jewish official representation of the Jews of t4ie ^heeded facts and events of the past. This in settlers who arrived in the early centuries from country. This was the Council of the four ^J'Oie measure also applies to the history of the West. It can thus be estimated that by the (sometimes five) Lands which dealt with East European Jewry. Jewish historians of the year 1500 some 50,000 Jews lived in the vast extemal and intemal affairs conceming the •nineteenth century, for example, under the lands of Poland, but trebled by the year 1576 Jews. influence of the prevalent Hegelian philosophy to a figure of 150,000, rising again in the next However, even in this period of relative J'f history, have not paid enough attention to seventy-five years to a total of 450,000 in 1648 peace and politico-religious tolerance the way "le phenomenal rise of creative force in the in a total population of some ten million. In of East European Jewry in Poland was not ^ynaraic life of East European Jews throughout this period of 150 years the proportion of Jews always easy. The Catholic Church and its '"e past centuries. increased from 0-6 per cent to a full 4-5 per adherents, the various Christian guilds and . A radical change in dealing with this cent. other factors from time to time brought about foportant chapter of history came about with Jewish settiers from the West were greatly a great deal of suffering. Frequently, political '•^ great Jewish historian Simon Dubnow and welcomed by the Polish monarchy and import upheaval, combined with social and economic ^'16 galaxy of scholars who followed him. One ant segments of the dominant nobility. As in anarchy, caused a decline of the country's ^' them is the noted historian Salo Baron who, many other countries, Jews did not arrive religious tolerance. Nevertheless, the founda ?y his cumulative research and reassessment of empty-handed. They were an important tions of a strong, well-organised traditional life ''Cerent changes in Jewish fortunes, has greaUy pioneering and civilising factor for the back with a culture deeply imbedded in the in enhanced modem Jewish historical writing. ward, underpopulated Slav lands. Apart from herent and vital Jewish values, stood up fn the recently published 16th volume of his capital, they brought along a great deal of gallanUy to the vicissitudes and challenges of comprehensive history* Professor Baron deals technical know-how, mercantile expertise and time. As Baron tells us, even after the tragic eloquently and in extenso with a variety of useful intemational contacts, serving trade period of the Cossack uprising with its "Oblems, national and political, socio between nations and providing a profitable merciless slaughter and vast devastation of economic and cultural, conceming Jews in the exchange of goods with neighbouring countries whole communities, the Jews in Eastem lav lands. It is a highly interesting chapter in and their homeland. An export-import trade Europe continued in their old-established way ^ne history of East European Jewry, covering flourished. Jews were engaged in the lucrative of life, and "progressively deepened their arly settlements and integration, dynamic rise, export of cattle, grain and timber to the West, peculiar brand of East European Jewish cul conomic advancement and cultural creativity and in exchange imported Westem textiles, ture". ^roughout the centuries until the catastrophe precious stones and metals for the nobility Baron concludes his comprehensive and i^il this Jewn' in the bloodv Cossack and clergy, spices, wines and other commodi scholarly volume with the following character "Prising in the dreadful years 1648/49. Like ties. istic words: "Polish-Lithuanian Jewry, and its j^ predecessors, the present volume offers a descendants in the post-partition states, 5^^at deal of material, amplified from Diversified Structure became the main reservoir of Jewish man ^ditional evidence and primary sources, fully In a community with a diversified socio power and intellectual dynamism for many ^iscussed and quoted in long annotations and economic structure like that in Eastern lands." It sent out its vital offshoots to "tensive bibliographical entries, Europe, we find not only financiers, mint- Westem and Central Europe and the New int particular interest is Professor Baron's masters, tax and toll collectors, merchants and World. With its vigorous and creative forces troductory note in the opening chapter of sizable land-owners, but also a great many it eventually brought about the renascence of /je volume. Here he defines the decisive role ordinary working people, artisans and crafts the Jewish people and an over-all revival of nich East European Jewry played in modern men, small merchants and farm workers and Jewish culture with its inherent, national ewish life. "During the crucial era of all sorts of people in lower-status occupations. values and its etemal craving for redemption, Ijl^'nanism and Reformation (Baron states) Jews penetrated into many socio-economic which ultimately led to the establishment of jT^re developed on the Eastern periphery of spheres of life, developing new areas along the Jewish State in Israel. nian Catholicism a new centre of Judaism, the Vistula, Dnieper and Niemen, and thus * A Social and Religious iSlstory of the Jews by Saio became a dominant factor in the life of the Wittmayer Baron. Vol. XVi. Columbia University Press, em*^^ was destined to play a vital role in the New Yorit and London 1976. $25. lire subsequent history of the Jewish country. And as Baron states, all this was ,, ople. While the lamps were going out in "frequently the raison d'etre for the Jews' the Jewish quarters all over Western and entire socio-political and legal status". At the IJ Se parts of Central Europe, new lights were same time, there was also a significant dispersal of Jews into all parts of the land. o'ng kindled in the less developed valleys of GREEK RIGHTEOUS GENTILES e Vistula, Dniester, Dnieper and Niemen". It New communities sprang up all over the vast im^ .^he period when increasing waves of country. For the first time Jews penetrated The Yad Vashem has awarded a number of ntnigrants from the West "gradually trans- deeply into rural districts, so that by 1648 a "Righteous Gentile" medals and certificates to ^, nied the vast area between the Baltic and substantial portion of the Jewish population Greeks who helped Jews to escape deportation lived on the land and by the land. from Nazi-occupied Greece. One award was cuft ^^^^^ S^a into a major focus of Jewish made posthumously to Archbishop Chrysos- lure". It was a challenge and response in Side by side with the biological growth and tomos of the island of Zante, who achieved Vai*^^ history! A deep awareness of Jewish economic advancement, an intense and the cancellation of a deportation order against Juri"^^' ^ °^^ religious fervour and a vigorous vigorous Jewish culture flourished. Studies and the 275 Jewish men, women and children of * rn^^ ^ S^''^^^ came afresh into being, scholarship progressed, based, as Baron under the island. He had told the Nazis: "If the depor ^odel for later generations. lines, on a broad plateau of mass education, tation order is carried out, I vow that I will spreading learning to all classes of the popula join the Jews and share their fate." The entire With ^^'"°° deals effectively and in detaU community was saved. in p Prions aspects and facets of Jewish life tion, combined with a variegated, rich litera Val Europe, emphasizing its intrinsic ture in Talmud, rabbinic decisions, Kabbalah and moral philosophy. "By the end of the six the^^^ and reminding us at the same time of A MASTERMIND bet ^''^^'•iiiS correlation and interrelation teenth century (Baron states) the most glorious jj^Ween the Jews and the world around them. chapters in Polish Jewish leaming had already Mr. Mordechai Meirovitz, an Israeli tele Sgg ^oes on to stress the fact that the unfore- been written". In this great epoch we find communications engineer among whose many Part expansion to the eastem and southem such halakhic giants as Solomon Luria, Moses inventions is the Israeli public payphone, but *nd T •'^^ ^^^ ^^'^^ Commonwealth of Poland Isserless and Mordechai Yaffe among those who is mostly interested in educational games, "who revived rabbinic scholarship for all of has recently visited Britain to launch his latest ^Vol .'•^nania opened a new road to a dynamic game, logic puzzler called "Perception". A SQjj.'^^ion which, in the end, determined the Ashkenazic, indeed of world, Jewry". The few years ago, his "Mastermind" swept the - **-economic structure and evolved the ecclesiastical and spiritual hegemony of the toy markets of the world. He is now planning ''^odem image of East European Jewry all Jewish people over the world passed into the to stage a "Mental Olympics" in Israel in 1979. Page 10 AJR INFORMATION January 1979
BEN GURION ARCHIVES THE ISRAELI SCENE A Ben Gurion Heritage Institute will be built at the Negev settlement of Sde Boker where David Ben Gurion, Israel's first Prime Minister ISRAEL EXCLUDED FROM ASIAN GAMES AUTOMATIC CITIZENSHIP FOR SOVIET and his wife spent the last years of their lives EMIGRANTS? and where they are buried. It will house all The organising committee of the Asian his archives. Mr Tekon, president of the Beer Games in Bangkok refused Israel permission In order to counteract the high drop-out rate in Vienna, where more than 60 per cent sheba Ben Gurion University, has announced to participate, allegedly because it would be that, as soon as there are diplomatic relations impossible to guarantee the safety of an Israeli of Jews from the Soviet Union apply to settle in Westem Europe and the United States, a with Egypt, annual scholarships for te" team. The Dutch President of the Inter Egyptian students will be made available. national Light Athletics League has protested Knesset sub-committee is considering a pro against the decision, and threatened not to posal that Jews leaving the Soviet Union recognise the Games. should automatically be granted Israeli citizen ship as soon as they receive their exit permits. FIRST B'NAI B'RITH SYNAGOGUE At present they become stateless when they GROWING INFLATION leave the U.S.S.R. Lodge members from Britain, Canada, Anie- rica, Australia and New Zealand attended the Busy supermarkets were empty and lar^e dedication of the first B'nai B'rith synagogue stores were deserted when Israeli shoppers in JAIL FOR SOLDIER WHO KILLED ARAB in Israel, buUt south of Bethlehem in the vil Jerusalem, Tel Aviv and Haifa staged a three lage of Tekoa, the birthplace of the proPj?- hours' buyers' strike to protest against the A day after an Israeli reserve soldier was Amos. The service was conducted by R^bbi country's high inflation rate. A new I£1,000 killed in an ambush, another reservist, Israel Avraham Rosenfeld who was reader at th^ (about £27-50) has just been introduced by the Ledermann, sought revenge by shooting an Finchley Synagogue until 1970 when he fol Bank of Israel. It bears the likeness of Jabot Arab in East Jerusalem "simply because he lowed a call to Wellington, New Zealand. He insky, the founder of Revisionist Zionism and was an Arab". A military court sentenced him now lives in Israel. The Canadian Eglington Begin's mentor. to 20 years' jail. Synagogue, and the Albert Einstein Lodge founded by English-speaking immigrants in PUPILS SEEK EMPLOYMENT HOSPITAL'S £25 MILLION CENTRE Jerusalem, provided the funds to build tne synagogue. As there are no signs of an early end to the teachers' strike which has been going on Hundreds of foreign friends of the Orthodox for over a month, many of Israel's 300,000 Shaare Zedek Hospital in Jerusalem attended schoolchildren are looking for jobs. Many of the dedication of its new £25 million medical PRIZE FOR GERMAN-BORN ACTRESS them are already employed picking citrus centre when plaques honouring all donors were fruit or doing guard duty, others work in unveiled. Owing to building delays, however, Together with Raphael Klatzkin, a member industry. Many of the teachers have also taken the hospital will only move from its original of the world-famous Habima Theatre suice on jobs as builders labourers, but teachers of Jaffa Road buildings, erected in 1902, some 1928, Oma Porat, bom Irene Klein, in Get- science and mathematics have often found time next summer. Eventually the centre will many, received the Israel Prize for the Art work in industry where they are eaming three have 700 beds. Six donors, each of whom con of the Theatre for 1978. Her career started » times as much as when they are teaching. tributed the equivalent of $1 million, will be Eutin, Schleswig and Cologne. After tne honoured by a landscaped garden dedicated to Second World War she and her husband emi them. grated to Israel where she joined the Tei PARTY OF COURTESY Aviv Hebrew Chamber Theatre. In 1969, she At the Hadassah Hospital a new intensive Mr. Freedman, head of a Ramat Gan kitchen founded its Children's and Youth Theatre care unit for new-born babies was opened which has played in many theatres all over equipment firm has founded a non-political which is equal to the best in the world. Many Israel. "Courtesy Party" which has already over Arab children receive treatment there. 1,000 members. One of its initial aims is to make people say "please" and "thank you". IMMIGRATION LEVELS RISE The Central Bureau of Statistics reports that the Jewish year of 5738 saw 25,700 immi grants into israei, as against 21,000 in 5737. The number of Soviet immigrants rose by one-third to 10,000, while 2,000 of the new arrivals came from Argentina. Also included in the total figure were some 3,000 Israelis who, having left the country, had decided not to Dorton emigrate after all and returned to Israel. wKh the compliments ol CLUB 1943 Vortraege jeden Montag um 8 p.m. im Hannah Karminsld House Qhocolates 9 Adamson Road, N.W.S 1 Jan. Bank Holiday. 8 Jan. Kurt Stein: "Erinnerung an Gustav Stresemann". 15 Jan. Albert Levy, B.A.: "Overland to Katmandu" (with colour slides). 22 Jan. Dr Else Meidner: "Martin Buber, ein einfaches Bild". make 29 Jan. Dr. W. Rosenstock: "Juedisches Pafra aus Heines Werken". 5 Feb. Dr. Kurt Pflueger: "Erinnerungen very special gifts und Bekenntnisse". synthetic adhesives 12 Feb. Dr. M. M. Goldberger: "My impressions of a joumey to China" adhesive applicators (with colour slides). 19 Feb. Paul Friedmann: "France- Selected Beauty Spots" (with colour slides). 26 Feb. P. Schoenwald (Botschaftsrat): Pafra Limited "Ferdinand FreUigrath (1810-1876), Caxton Giocolate Co. Ltd. Schicksalsjahre eines deutschen Bentalls * Basildon Dichters im Londoner Exil". Essex • SS14 3BU 5 March Dr. E. Seligmann: "(Jerson von London N22 6UN Bleichroeder, der letzte Hofjude. Bismarck und der Antisemitismus in Deutschland". Der Mitgliedsbeitrag ist auf £4 00 per annum erhoeht worden. Gaeste zahlen 40p per Abend. AJR INFORMATION January 1979 Page 11
PROFESSOR A. L. GOODHART IN MEMORIAM American-bom Professor Arthur Lehmann Goodhart, who has died, aged 87, had an DR. MAX KREUTZBERGER iating his occasional stringency by an admix exceptionally brilliant career in the legal and ture of his brilliant sense of humour. academic fields. In 1948, he was appointed an Another grievous loss has struck the circle Above all, Mackie Kreutzberger, with his honorary Knight Commander of the Order of ot our friends. Dr Max Kreutzberger, or as he contrasts, sometimes intractable and enigmatic, the British Empire "for outstanding services )*as to us: Mackie, our Mackie, died suddenly was a thoroughly good man. The difficulties in the common interests of our two countries". }n Locarno on the 26th of November. Among against which he had to stmggle, both in his He was the first Jew to be appointed head of ine older generation of the creative minds in own self and among his fellow-men, lay without ^ur midst he was one of the youngest in years; exception on the surface of his being. Together an Oxford or Cambridge College and the first 'o IS in our time not an age to leave our ailing with his—and my—beloved Lisa he was in non-Englishman to hold such a post since the world. We just cannot dispense with our in- trinsically a tower of human reliability, help Reformation, when he was made Master of senious spirits. And Mackie's intellectual ful and affectionate when he was needed— University College Oxford. He always took a rJ'Wers were even of a kind that gave the lie a brilliant mind and a tender heart. profound interest in Jewish problems. He ° lis years. They emitted flying sparks where- The heart has stopped beating. The spark resigned his post as senior tmstee of the •^?r he put in an appearance. When Mackie ling mind has found rest. A man, still full of Oxford Union in protest against a debate on a joined a meeting that had hitherto dealt with life and capable of lavishing life around him J^.^Senda in systematic calm, he immediately motion "that this House would not fight for self, has left us. All that remains to us is to Queen and country", held when Tariq Ali was fj?! an end to the danger that subsequently honour his memory in abiding affection and Jp i"6 might arise any dull moment. Much too loyalty. president. As an authority on intemational tntP^ was he involved in our Jewish affairs EVA G. REICHMANN law, he did much to counter propaganda dis 0 be a meek and easy-going fellow-worker. He seminated by Israel's adversaries and advoca sui? ^ severe critic, not given to indifferent ted stem measures against terrorism and air jii?P<*rt of matters which he saw in another LILLY KANN y^nt than his companions. But by his at times piracy. One of his sons, Mr. Philip Goodhart, One does not often remember a theatre is Conservative MP for Beckenham. j^n^inent strictures he became an incisive performance one enjoyed more than 50 years "raulus, by no means always a convenient one, ago as a teenager; but Schiller's "Maria Stuart" ll unfailingly original, imaginative, fertile. at the Diisseldorf Schauspielhaus of Dumont- HERBERT LAWTON thp ^T Kreutzberger devoted his entire life to Lindemann, directed by Berthold Viertel in the Dr. Herbert Lawton, who died on November adv ^*ish cause. In Germany, before the late 'twenties, is one of such rare occasions, ep ?t of the great eviL he was a social work- and the role of Elizabeth of England was 15 at the age of 76, was an active member of 2' lor many years the Director of the played by Lilly Kann. On November 2, 1978, the AJR Board, as long as his health enabled ^j^^^^^lwohlfahrtstelle der Deutschen Juden she died at the age of 85, only a few years him to attend its meetings. During his student f. ° the editor of its monthly joumal. As a after her retirement from the stage. years, he joined the K.C. and, while he lived in gi^^nt Zionist from his early youth, he emi- From Dilsseldorf Lilly Kann went to the Edgware, remained in close touch especially ^'^ted to Palestine soon after the onset of the Dresden State Theatre where she appeared vig i"^gime and worked there with all his with those members of the fratemity who inter alia as Lady Macbeth and then to Berlin lived in his neighbourhood. He was a judge in thpm"^ for his fellow-immigrants. He helped where she played the role of Mrs Peachum in to^i *° overcome the initial difficulties of the Brecht/Wefll's "Dreigroschenoper" for some Upper Silesia until he was forced to give up jjiauy changed circumstances of their lives, time. When the Nazis came to power her his work in 1937. In 1939 he succeeded in duth'^n ii.stnimental in establishing the Hitach- career on the German stage came to an abrapt to h 1 -i Germania, the first centre destined getting admission to this country. He joined end, but for some years she was still able to the British army in 1940 but was invalided ferp t ^i^em to come to terms with the dif- play in the Jiidische Kulturbund Theatre in aUn u 'conditions of their new existence. He Berlin (a role on which she was only recently out. However, with the help of his wife, Hilde, thp S^came the first editor of the journal of interviewed by West German Television) until he began a new and successful career and, L Hitachduth, the Mitteilungsblatt, which, she was forced to emigrate in 1939 and found due to his reliability and conscientiousness, a u^^iaining the German language, served as refuge in England. For a while she appeared VV" i^ge between past and present. After the obtained a position of trust with a well-known in the small refugee theatres in Hampstead metal firm. The last period of his life was Jewi K ^^s appointed representative of the which were then flourishing, like the Free som ^ Agency in Germany and entrusted with German League of Culture and the Latemdl, marred by his suffering from severe the °^ '^^ "^"^^ important tasks that paved but soon she became one of the few refugee arthritis. He had an artificial hip replacement tmj *3y to the great legislative work of resti- actors who made their way to the English several years ago, but was always in pain, and lon and compensation of the Nazi victims. stage. To name only a few examples: As early when a second operation was performed last as 1942 she appeared with Richard Atten November, he did not recover from it. He will stin J ^^^ Kreutzberger's greatest days were borough in Clifford Odet's "Awake and Sing" at Of f.'° follow. As one of the founding fathers the Arts Theatre, and subsequenUy she played be sadly missed by his friends who feel united to ^^ Leo Baeck Institute he was called upon in their sense of loss with his wife and the take the Mother Prioress at the Playhouse under bri over the directorship of the New York the direction of Sir John Gielgud and the other members of his family. iftent TT °* our Mackie was truly in his ele- Nurse in Strindberg's "Father" where she jQj 1- He had always been a passionate lover appeared with Sir Michael Redgrave. She also SALKA VIERTEL a ytj^^ollector of books. His private library is took part in numerous films some of which *hat k^^ to his mastery. Now he could pursue are still shown on TV from time to time and Salome (Salka) Viertel, who has died in sional been an expert hobby in a profes- worked for B.B.C. Radio. Klosters aged 88, was a celebrated actress in UD H! position. What he achieved in building Vienna and Berlm, who later became equally his fif-n'^^^'Library, the way he achieved it, Already in her Dusseldorf days she was famous as a film writer. She was bom Salome topip I" and his inventive proficiency are well known for her Heine recitals in the Sun Steuermann in Sambor, a small town in denpj for an essay on a mastermind, not sad- day matin6es at the Schauspielhaus, and it Galicia, where her father, a solicitor, was the ^athp ^ ^^^ tragic lament of its physical end. was fitting that her last public performance first Jewish mayor, and became the second *hiph u^ould we proclaim with a pride to was at the unforgettable Heine Memorial wife of Berthold Viertel, the film director and nion, would have been entitlea: Exegi Meeting at Westfield College under the aus dramatic critic. With the growth of Nazism, he ^'"Ifntum aere perennius. When, in 1970, pices of London's Goethe Institute in Feb they left Germany in 1928 for Hollywood, Fop-n .fished in co-operation with Irmgard ruary, 1973, which many readers of this where Salka turned to writing scripts, which tihf° ine first volume of the Catalogue of the joumal will still recall. include the scripts for Greta Garbo's Queen ^iin ^"*^ Archives he introduced the 600 Christina and Nmotchka and also for "Maria lent P^Ses-strong tome not only with an excel- Devoted to her daughter and to her two Walevska". Whilst living in Holywood the alsQ ^Ketch of the German-Jewish history, but grandchildren, Lilly Kann will be sadly missed Viertels used all their energy and limited Dagjj P*ned up insights into his own encyclo- not only by them but by her many friends financial resources to help a great many in *L.^2i knowledge and the fruits it had bome and admirers. F.H, persecuted writers and artists to escape from lis gigantic collection. Nazi occupied Europe. Their house became a WILLI FRISCHAUER meeting point of the intellectual emigration as giftg^^ Kreutzberger was a man of abundant 72-year-old joumalist and biographer Willi described by Carl Zuckmayer in his introduc Be MiZ^^ admirable achievements. But it would tion to Salka's autobiography "Das unbelehr- What ^"^ to praise only what he did and not Frischauer, who was found dead in his St. able • ^ *^^- Because he was a very remark- John's Wood home, was a well-known bare Herz" (in English "The Kindness of he ^^^ niany respects a unique personality, Viennese-born anti-Nazi. He came to London Strangers"). an ••r, —^^ all who loved him knew it—not in the mid-30s as an Austrian goverament the ^^3f fc%eZf Buch", he was—to talk with observer. Later he joined Odhams publications MRS. ALICE WOLFF ^idpr ^'^ words—"etn Mensch mit seinem and became a contributor to the Daily Herald. Mrs. Alice Wolff, who until recently ran a couiJ^'T*ch". He was a man of contrasts. He On humanitarian grounds he campaigned for boarding house at Hemstal Road in North-West he fpi/'® severe, rigorous, hot-headed when the release of Rudolf Hess from Spandau on London, died on November 26 at the age of *hic)i *clialleneed by controversial matters condition that neither he nor his family subse 94. In the course of almost 39 years, she pro couji^ aroused his strong feelings. And he quently profited by publishing memoirs. He vided a real Home for many people of our frie^j 0® gentle and kind, the most loyal of contributed to a number of British and foreign background, and her devoted work will be evoijeJ Jjhen the warmth of his heart was newspapers and wrote the biographies of gratefully remembered by her former guests ^- He was fond of laughing and of allev Himmler, (Jeering, and Brigitte Bardot. and their relatives. Page 12 AJR INFORMATION January 1979
The spate of present interest in German Art is shown by the number of exhibitions that THEATRE AND CULTURE have recently been held, including Ernst Neuschul alias Emst Norland (1895-1968) at A Jewish Author remembered. The BBC than S. Fischer Verlag, one of Germany's best- CampbeU & Franks, Arthur Segal (1875-19W honoured Georg Kaiser with a Radio 3 broad known publishing houses. Impossible to at Fischer Fine Art and Karl Araold (18&J cast of his drama "The Burghers of Calais". enumerate all the names: there is "Onkel" 1953) at the same gallery. .._ (Jeorg Kaiser, bora in Magdeburg 100 years (Jerhart Hauptmann together with Schnitzler, ALICE SCHWAB ago, belonged to the much-performed drama Felix Salten and Altenberg; emigration to tists of this century- ("Gas", "Kolportage", Vienna and founding of the Berman-Fischer "Der gerettete Alkibiades"), and even a war Verlag is followed by further "enforced" PRESS PHOTOGRAPHER'S BOOK time German encyclopaedia listed him as repre journeying to Stockholm and then to the REPRINTED sentative of modera expressionism. United States, with Werfel and Thomas Mann in the foreground. After the war, the new Erich Salomon's book "Bemehmte Zeitgen(«- London. Lea Seidl, Diva of Viennese publishing houses in Germany and Switzerland, sen in unbewachten Augenblicken", first put^ operetta, who sang "Friederike" in London personalities like Zuckmayer and Pastemak, lished in 1931 in Berlin, has been reprinteo and created the star role of "Roesslwirtin" the first "voice from Russia". All this is not in 1978 in Munich (Verlag Schirmer-Mpsei) ("White Horse Inn") in this country is still only story-telling, it amounts almost to a Dr. Salomon, who perished in Auschwitz in actively engaged in stage life, and full of record of modera history. 1944, was originally a lawyer but, forced b^ plans. Actor Fritz Becker, 77, for years chief S.B. the economic situation after the First World comedian of the "Blue Danube Club" is home War, took a job with the propaganda depart again after an operation, and as jocular as ment of the Ullstein publishers. Eventually ever. EXHIBITION AT HAYWARD GALLERY he developed a new method of photo report age, producing snapshots of German ana Curd Juergens—not always successful?, thus The Neue Sachlichkeit exhibition at the international public personalities, sometimes runs the review of French papers, reporting Ha.vward GaUery, (open until January 14) while hiding behind curtains in conference about the actor's Paris one-man show. "France is something not to be missed. The exhi rooms. His outstanding and unique achieve Soir" remarks about the closing of the show bition mainly concentrates on the major ments are also recorded in the collection -^ after four weeks that "one has to marvel at the figures in (Jerman representational art of the "Portrait einer Epoche", compiled by his son i courage to play theatre as if one were an 1920s and early 1930s, including Otto Dix, Max Peter Hunter-Salomon (London) and pub empty-handed beginner". Beckmann, Georg Grosz, Christian Schad, Karl lished by Ullstein in 1968. The Deutsche Gesellschaft fuer Photographic (Koeln) has Birthdays. Kammersanger Hans Hotter, dis Hubbuch, August Sander and Karl Blossfeldt. The Nazis objected to this art form and so for some years awarded an annual Dr. Ericn tinguished Wagner baritone, who has been Salomon Prize for outstanding work in tW , called an "intellectual" singer, is 70 years old; the movement came to an untimely close. The exhibition also contains important photographs. field of picture reportage. As early as 195*, j he repeatedly appeared at London's Covent on the 70th anniversary of Salomon's birtn, , Garden Opera House, and held well-attended Particularly striking was the work of Erich Salomon who worked for the Ullstein Press. the Royal Photographical Society in London Master classes.—Actor Martin Held, one of arranged an exhibition in his memory. E.G.L- the pillars of strength of Berlin's Schiller He emigrated to Holland in 1933, had an exhi theater (he has been a member since 1951) bition at the Royal Photographic Society in is also 70. One of his best-known films "Rosen London but was later deported to Auschwitz "THE MACHINE WRECKERS " IN STEPNEV fuer den Staatsanwalt" was shown in London with his wife and son and killed there by the in the 'sixties: his latest film "Der Pfingstaus- Nazis in 1944. It was also interesting to see again the work of John Heartfield (Helmut Ernst Toller's "Maschinenstiirmer" which flug" has Elisabeth Bergner in the cast. deals with the 1815 Luddite riots in Notting Johannes Heesters, Dutch born actor and Herzfeld); he changed his name as a protest against anti-British propaganda in the First ham, is being revived at the Half Moon singer, one of the most popular stars of Theatre, Alie Street, Stepney. German operetta, celebrated his 75th birthday. World War. His eventful career included collaboration with Georg Grosz and work for the Malik Verlag. He fled to Prague in 1933 YIDDISH ROCK OPERA IN RUSSLV Obituary. The German theatre has lost a very and later came to London. In 1950 he returned famous character, Theo Lingen, often called to Leipzig and later settled in Berlin, becom The newly-formed State-subsidised Jewish the "Professor of humour", who died in ing a member of the German Academy of Arts. Chamber Music Theatre Company has flown Vienna at the age of 75. Lingen is remembered A retrospective exhibition of his work was to the so-called Jewish autonomous region ot for his straight-faced acting, often appearing held in London in 1967. Birobidjan to present the rock opera "BlacK jointly with comedians of contrasting humour, Bride for the White Mare", written and directed actors like Heinz Ruehmann or Hans Moser. by the Theatre's managing director Yuri Shef- Lingen, the author (his play "Theophanes" ling. There are some 11,000 Jews living in this was performed all over Europe) was perhaps region near the Chinese border, i.e. less than less known than Lingen, the film comedian, 7 per cent of the total population. As Staim who appeared in innumerable films over a The work of Yehuda Bacon, recently shown closed all the Jewish and Yiddish schools soon period of well over 50 years. The recent deaths at the home of Mrs. Henny Haendler, demon after the last war, most Yiddish-speaking Jews of Lingen and Werner Finck have left a gap strated both his maturity as an artist and his in the USSR are in their late fifties and older which it will not be easy to fill. increasing reputation. Born in Mahrisch-Ostrau Next year, the opera is also to be performeo in 1929, Bacon went to Palestine in 1945 with in Leningrad, Minsk and Riga. "Sie sclirieben mir" is the tiUe of a note the help of Youth Aliyah as the only surviving worthy book, published by Classen, Ziirich, in member of his family. He studied art in Jeru which the authoress. Brigitte B. Fischer, salem, London, Florence and New York and recollects the story of her family, none other since 1959 has been a member of the academic staff of the Bezalel Academy in Jerusalem. When we first knew him during his first London visit. Bacon specialised in drawings, especially portraits of exceptional delicacy and firmness of line. His recent exhibition covered a much wider field and, especially remark able, were his colourful and boldly executed oils. But it is still his pen and ink drawings and ZINC colour washes that give the most satisfaction since they demonstrate the acuteness of his vision and his ability to transfer an instant 182 feeling or fleeting movement to paper. Bacon must be counted amongst the leaders of the Israeli art scene today. I5OP0NJ FightsRust An exhibition of the masterly woodcuts by Newly developed. Zinc compounds Jacob Pins was held at the Ben Uri Art Gallery. Pins was born in Hoexter, Westphalia are some of the finest rust inhibitors.The in 1917 and went to Palestine as a chalutz in synthetic resin base forms a tough skin, 1936. He left the kibbutz in 1941 to study art which seals the surface from moisture. under Jacob Steinhardt. He has been awarded From all good hardware and accessory stores. numerous prizes and has exhibited all over Free literature from David's ISOPON, FREEPOST the world. He is a leading expert on Japanese Northway House, London N20 9BR. art and possesses an important collection which is now being catalogued. The next exhibition at the Ben Uri Art Gallery com prised the work of George Him, the well- known designer and illustrator. -^JR INFORMATION January 1979 Page 13
what misleading. The book does not deal with the bumt poets of whom, as the author admits, A BANKERS' FAMILY there were hundreds nor is the book confined to poets, but extends to writers of all kinds. Memoirs of Hermann and Paul Wallich Serke selects 32 of them rather arbitrarily (of whom about one-third were of Jewish Under the titie "Zwei (Jenerationen im born in Berlin in 1914, has been resident in origin). Some of those selected were famous, oeutschen Bankwesen" the memoirs of the United States since 1935. He was Pro like Klabund, Ernst Toller, Alfred Doblin and ^rmann Wallich (1833-1928) and some fessor of Economics at Yale University tmtil Erich MUhsam, others are probably hardly J;?Jiniscences of his son. Dr. Paul Wallich 1974 and, as an intemationally renowned known to today's generation. It is not clear ^1882-1938) were published by the Fritz Knapp expert in currency questions, later became a on what basis this selection has taken /«rlag (Frankfurt/M 1978). The introduction Board member of the Federal Reserve System place, possibly the 32 were chosen because ^ been written by Henry C. Wallich, the in Washington. A member of the third Wallich the author was able to interview their rela thsJ*^ Paul and thus a member of the family's generation, he has thus kept up the tradition tives or literary executors, or in some rare r^ generation. Hermann Wallich belonged of his family. ^we first "Direktorium" of the Deutsche cases, like those of Armin T. Wegner—who S^k and played a decisive role in the rise of The publication of the memoirs of the two died after the publication of this book—Irm ^ leading banking institute. Paul Wallich important bankers, which deal not only with gard Keun and Walter Mehring, could meet !^ first partner of the Berliner Handels- subjects of interest to the history of the bank the writers themselves. ^sellschaft and, from 1919 onwards, an ing trade, is due to the Institut fuer bankhis Nevertheless, the book is a praiseworthy S!^iate of the Frankfurt private banking torische Forschung e.V. in Frankfurt and its attempt to popularise a branch of German .^ J. Drevfus & Co. and head of its Berlin research board, headed by Dr. Manfred Pohl. literature which the Nazis tried to destroy. "ranch. E.G.L. The biographies of the writers selected by Serke give a glimpse of the destructive effect tisS^ fate of Paul Wallich was tragic. Bap- Nazism had on German literature, an effect . ^ as a child and feeling entirely integrated BURNT POETS from which it will take a long time to recover. WtK ^^ environment, he was unable to cope The Hamburg mass circulation weekly The biographies of the 32 selected j^th the change of circumstances after the "Stem" which recentiy published a pictorial by Serke are lively, to the point and well azis had come to power and committed history of German Jewry (*) has now brought illustrated vidth photographs and cartoons *«icide in November 1938. Yet his name has out in an enlarged form another series of arti from the period he describes. A detailed to ^^1 into oblivion, especially because, cles throwing further light on what Nazism des bibliography of their works and of secondary gether with Hugo Rachel and Johann troyed in Germany, "the burnt poets". Under literature on them will help those whose in , apntz, he wrote the three volume work this title the "Stem" has published short illus terest in this largely forgotten subject may fr^^^ner Grosskaufleute und Kapitalisten" trated biographies of 32 German-speaking have been stimulated by this well-written book j^pni the 16th to the 19th century). It first writers and poets whose work the Nazis en to study more closely and thoroughly this Ppeared, "printed as a private manuscript", deavoured to eradicate and largely succeeded tragic period of German-speaking literature. lis?"^ the years 1934/9, but in 1967 was pub- in doing, so that the author (**) has to state F. HeUendall ned in an enlarged edition by Walter de in his introduction: "What was written in the th Y*"" *^ ^°- ^°*^ *^"^ ™^*^® available through 'twenties remains forgotten to a large extent * See AJR Information. August 1978. to the present day". ** Jurgen Serke, Die verbranntsn DIcMer, with photo ,6 book trade. The introduction to this book Unfortunately the title of the book is some- graphs by Wilfried Bauer, 1977. Beltz & Gelberg, *s also been written by Henry C, Wallich who. Weinheim. D.fi/I. 48.— "ROYAL MINT" "^ been advertised in AJR for many LEON JESSEL LIMITED DUNBEE-COMBEX-MARX years. Have you tasted it or the other Royals? Manufacturers of LTD.
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AWARD FOR REFUGEE SERVICES UNBALANCED DOCUMENTARY Dr. Arthur Emsheimer (Zuerich) was awarded the Honorary Doctorate of Law by tne University of Zuerich "in recognition of his Jewish Sport Movement in Pre-War Germany outstanding services for the improvement oi the position of refugees and his work m tne Under the heading "Domen am Lorbeer" is an outright misnomer, especially if one field of refugees and asylum legislation,. Dr. the Third Programme of the German T.V., on considers the fact that the Jews in the Weimar Emsheimer, who was bom in Pforzheim U" November 13, broadcast a documentary which Republic (and also before) were adherents of 1900, was a judge in Loerrach until 1933. ne was meant to be not an enumeration of Jewish the democratic parties and certainly did not fled to Switzerland in 1938 and was internea achievements in the field of sport but a critical vote for the "Deutschnationale Volkspartei". in the Canton of Wallis where, as Professor evaluation of the subject. The author was The words "deutschjuedisch" and "deutsch Wemer Kaegi wrote in the "Neue Zuercher , Itzchak Pmschnowski. national" cannot and definitely must not be his effective work for his fellow intemees soon The show mainly consisted of references to interchanged. became noticeable. He was appointed editor the history of the Zionist sector of the Jewish E. G. LOWENTHAL of the information service of the "Schwei sport movement, beginning with the founda zerische Zentralstelle fuer Fluechtiingshufe • tion of the first Jewish Turnverein Bar KLEIST SCHULE IN BERLIN-MOABIT Later, he became legal adviser and, from 19o^<- Kochba in Berlin and leading up to the end 1970, head of that organisation. On tne of 1938. In 1900, it was stated, there were "We can never behave as if they had never occasion of the 35th anniversary of tlie more than 50 Jewish sport organisations in existed and as if it was not our concem what "Zentralstelle" in 1971, Dr. Emsheimer puo- Germany with different Jewish outlooks has happened to them". These words refer to lished a report, which deals with the org^^^' including those which stressed their identifi the expelled Jewish pupils of the Kleist- tion's work for the Nazi persecutees (1933-4oJ, cation with the German nation. In 1921, Ber Lyzeum (later Hansaschule and now Heinrich- as well as for about 10,000 refugees from lin became the centre of the newly founded von-Kleist Gymnasium). They are quoted from Hungary (1956) and 12,000 fugitives from Makkabi World Organisation and the climax of a recently published brochure about the his Hungary (1968). EGL. this development was the first Makkabiade, in tory of the school, written by its Director, Tel Aviv, in 1932, Horst Haeker. The illustrated and well docu The film conveyed many interesting details, mented booklet records that during the school including the position of Jewish sportsmen at year 1934/5 there were still 68 Jewish girls POPE'S JEWISH FRIEND the time of the llth Olympiad in Berlin among the 680 pupils, and an earlier list car (1936). In preparation for the Games, selected ries the names of 252 Jewish pupils. The Dr Joseph Lichten, the Polish-bom repre Jewish sportsmen were trained in a special brochure states that in 1933, of the 160,000 sentative of the American B'nai B'rith Anti- camp in Ettlingen (Badenia) but eventually Jewish citizens of Berlin, about 12,000 had defamation League, said that the present Pope none of them were admitted to the Games. lived in the Tiergarten district, where the had been active in the Polish Undergrouna After Makkabi representatives, now resident school is situated, not far from the Levetzow during the war and belonged to an organisa in Israel, had been given the opportunity of strasse Synagogue. Later, the booklet recalls, tion which helped Jews. For this reason he haa detailed descriptions of this so far unknown teachers and pupils, who passed this house of been put on the Nazi blacklist. After the war, episode and other subjects, only one minute prayer, witnessed its use as an assembly centre he helped the 500 Jews remaining in Cracow was allocated to the former Jugenddezernent for Jews due to be deported. to organise permanent maintenance of. tne of the "Reichsbund juedischer Frontsoldaten", In his preface, the author writes: "All con cemetery. He had been to school and univer Paul Yogi Mayer, though the "Sportbund des tributions to this publication (they include sity with Jews and his closest friend was hw RJF" was by no means an unimportant organ an article 'Totalitarianism in the school 1933/ former schoolmate, Mr Jer^y Kluger, whose isation and comprised about 21,000 members. father was chairman of the Wadowice com 45') are meant to show, where the Heinrich munity. During his time as Archbishop <» The one-sidedness of the film was also von Kleist Gymnasium stood and stands, when Cracow, Pope John Paul II used to hold a weeK evident by certain terms used at the beginning it concerns the confrontation with Germany's of prayers for Christian unity, at the end.oi of the show. Those Jews who before 1933 were National Socialist past and the fight against which he invited representatives of the Jewisn not in favour of the Bar Kochba/Makkabi antisemitic and neo-Nazi trends in the present". community to a "brotherly supper". movement, were called "deutschnational". This EGL
FAMILY EVENTS FRANKLIN.—Lewis Henry Frank CLASSIFIED INFORMATION REQUIRED lin died peacefully at his home on Entries in the column Family December 13, 1978. Sadly missed The charge in these columns is AJR Enquiries Events are free of charge; any by his wife, son and many friends. SOp for five words plws 25p for advertisements under a Box No. voluntary donation would, how DRESEL.—Mr. Richard J. Dresel ever, be appreciated. Texts should —last known address, 54 The HIRSCHBERG.—Hanna Hirschberg Situations Vacant Drive, Gosforth, Newcastle 3. be sent in by 15th of the month. passed away on November 20, aged 81. She bore her many difliculties WE WOULD WELCOME to hear bravely and was an example to her from more ladies who would be Birthdays daughter and family who will miss willing to shop and cook for an LFTTEN.—Dr. Kurt Litten of 86 her sadly. Marianne Snowman, 129 elderly person in their neighbour HIGHEST PRICES Carlton Avenue East, Wemblev hood on a temporary or permanent Brim HLU, London, N.2, will be HAO 2AB. basis. Current rate of pay £1-40 paM lor celebrating his 80th birthday on per hour. Please ring Mrs. Matus January 31. 01-624 4449, AJR Employment, for SEIDLER.—Mr. David Seidler, 5 KANTOROWICZ.—Aaron Kantoro appointment. Gentlemen's cast-off Clothing Yorath Road, Whitchurch, Cardiff wicz, Montreal (formerly Berlin) (formerly Vienna and Bmo) cele died suddenly on November 21 in WE GO ANYWHERE, ANY TIME brated his 85th birthday on his 80th year. Deeply moumed and Accommodation Available December 21. fondly remembered by his brother, Manfred Kay and family in Lon HOLIDAY IN PARIS. To let fully S. DIENSTAG don and all old friends. equipped flat. All mod. cons. Also SUMMERFIELD. — Con^atula- suitable for elderly counle without (01-272 4484) tions and best wishes on his SOth car. £260 00 monthly all incl. (mini birthday on December 24, 1978, to mum 2 weeks). For further de Frank Summerfield of 81 Holme- MEYER.—Mrs. Lily Meyer n€e tails write Box 759, field Court, Belsize Grove, N.W.3, Marx (formerly Mainz/Berlin) of from his loving wife Margot, twin 9 Kenilworth Court, Watford, sons, daughters-in-law and grand Herts,, widow of Ferdinand Meyer, Miscellaneons children. died peacefully on November 18, REVLON MANICURIST, WUl visit DISPLAY ADVERTISEMENTS 1978, m her 81st year. She is sur your home. Phone 01-445 2915. Deaths vived by devoted children and grandchildren. Personal in "AJR Information" BASS.—On Sunday, November 19, 1978, our dear friend. Dr. Lucie CONTINENTAL GENTLEMAN, Bass, 4 Duncan Close, New Bamet, VOGEL. — Helene Vogel (nee new to London, speaks English, has Charges per Inch single column passed away peacefully. Sadly Kosses) of Morris Feinmann own very nice apartment and missed by many friends at home House West Didsbury, Manchester, established business, seeks refined and abroad. passed away on November 22 in Continental lady over 40. Object £3 00 In editorial columns her 91st year. Sadly missed and matrimony. Box 760. BING. — Franz Bing (formerly always remembered with deep (i width of page) Nuemberg) died peacefully on affection by her nephew Hans COUPLE NEARING RETIRING November 29, aged 67. Much loved Kosses (U.S.A.), her nieces Hilde AGE, living North-west London, £2 00 in advertising columns brother and brother-in-law of Mrs. Kleingmb (Israel), Lotti Wyler wish to meet similar couple in Lilli and Dr. Emst Sommer and (Switzerland) and their families terested in outings, social events, (1 width of page) their family. and by her many friends. theatre and concerts. Box 758. ^JR INFORMATION January 1979 Page 15
DR. WALTER DUX 90 RETIREMENT OF MARION CASSON PERSONAL READERSHIP APPOINTMENT .On January 8, our friend Dr, Walter Dux A lot of people will be very sad to leam of Dr. Gerhard D. Wassermann of the "Ul celebrate his 90th birthday. For those of the retirement of Marion Casson from AJR at Department of Applied Mathematics at ^s who know him it is hard to believe that he the end of 1978. For the past nine years since Newcastle University was appointed to a ^3s become a nonagenarian. His mind is as she took over the Social Services Department Personal Readership in the Theory and *Jcrt as it always was. Whilst by profession a she has become a real friend to countless Philosophy of Biology. Dr. Wassermann was pJ'J'niical scientist, his other great love is the people—those with whom she has worked and bom in Leipzig, where he attended the Jewish culture of the classics as manifested in their those she has served. Her office had a magnet Oberrealschule. After graduating with first "terature and in archaeology. ism of its own which drew jpeople in to pour class honours from Queen Mary College , ine AJR has special reason for being grate- out their problems or merely to think aloud. (London University), he first worked as a ";" to him. When Otto Hirsch House in Kew Everyone came out a little richer—not neces Research Assistant to (now) Professor H. *as founded in 1958, he became the first chair- sarily in having problems solved but in seeing Froehlich at Bristol University. He continued "gn of the House Committee. He held this them in proportion. Hers is the gift of listening working in Mathematical Physics at Newcastle "nice for manv years. By his widespread and of pointing to the cmx of the matter and University and later turned to Theoretical practical experience and, above all, by his setting aside all extraneous details with which Biology. These various activities resulted in anrf^^" understanding of the residents' hopes it was surrounded. Her assessment is therefore three monographs and several publications in ??
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DUNERA INTERNEES' TRANSPORT Letters to the Editor Sir,—I am writing the history of the 2,700 German and Austrian refugees who were sent EVALUATION OF THE "FRONTBUND" created if all was known about other Jevnsh to Australia in the Dunera from England w organisations. I remember when I ceiled at July 1940 and would be glad to hear from Sir,—As the former Jugend-Dezement of the Reichs jugendfuehrung in regard to the anyone who participated in the infamous the RJF, I feel bound to correct some of Dr. "Gleichtracht-Verbot" for Jewish youth voyage which subsequently led to the court- Reichmann's observations in her review of organisations, I was told by the Head of the martial of the officer-in-charge of the escort Ulrich Dunker's book (your November, 1978 Department, a von Nabersberg, that there issue). were special reasons to exempt the right-wing troops. „r It is incorrect to describe the Frontbund as Zionist organisation "Betar". CYRIL PEARL "marginal" and "small". The RJF with a mem c/o National Bank of Australasia, bership of 35,000 to 40,000 plus its Sportbund It is also incorrect to proclaim "that the 11 Albemarle Street, "Schild" with over 20,000 members must surely break ivith the Jeunsh community ... became London WIX have been one of the largest Jewish organisa unavoidable". Fact is that the RJF iocs an active member of the Reichsvertretung and THE LATE ELLEN WILKINSON, M.P. tions in pre-war Germany. even signed an agreement vnth the Zionist It is further incorrect to state that the RJF Sir,—I am uniting a book about the lotf was a "lamentable German speciality". On the Federation in 1937 in relation to Palestine. very page of Dr. Reichmann's review, there Last but not least I must object to a state Ellen Wilkinson, M.P., who helped many antt- appeared a paragraph on the Monash Branch ment that Dr. Loewenstein's efforts were Fascist refugees to escape to Britain. If onv of the Jeunsh Ex-Servicemen in Great Britain "unscrupulous". He sincerely hoped and be of your readers had personal contact with her which proves that Jeunsh Ex-Servicemen lieved that the respite for Frontkaempfer through family or friends, I should be deeply organisations exist in many countries—even would also benefit German Jewry as a whole, thus gaining some breathing space for those grateful to hear from them. „., in Israel! Readers ought to be reminded that (Mrs.) BETTY VERNON the Frontbund started its "Umschichtung" in search of a country willing to take refugees. farms and nurseries long before Hachscharah Hauptmann Loewenstein is not alive any 43 The Crescent, and that it was involved from its outset in more and thus unable to explain his actions Belmont, physical education and extensive social work and motivations. I shall remember him as one Sutton, Surrey. for "Kriegsopfer". of those Jewish officers, so masterly portrayed I know only too well from personal experi by Marius Goring in the "Holocaust", a soldier BELGIAN COMMEMORATION STAMP ences that Hauptmann Dr. Leo Loewenstein who believed in his generals and finally dies, To mark the centenary of the inauguration feeling betrayed, vnth the Iron Cross on his UMS a stiff-necked and opinionated Prussian of the Synagogue in Brussels, rue de la officer, not given to long consultations unth chest. others. He would discuss his "Eirigaben" unth One ought to be more careful vnth brandish Regence, the Belgian postal authorities have a small selected group of his staff, and I still ing charges like "lack of dignity", and it is with issued a memorial stamp, depicting t"^ remember those weary and strained faces of the memory of those tragic years that I felt interior of the building. The stamp is part of a my senior colleagues after confidential meet compelled to correct Dr. Eva Reichmann, for series, which also commemorates the 50tn ings. whom I have an admiration dating back to anniversary of the Catholic Women Students Still, one should tread softly. Like many pre-Nazi Germany. hindsight writers, Dunker has access to PAUL YOGI MAYER Organisation and the 20th anniversary of the material so far not known to us. I am con 11A Priory Road, award of the Nobel Peace Prize to Pete vinced that some embarrassment would be London, N,W,6. Dominique Pire.
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