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Koryś, Poland from Partitions to EU Annex Table A.1 Population of Poland (contemporary borders), thousands of people 1810 1825 1843 1857 1868 1890 1910 Prussian part 5091 6451 8083 9353 10,350 12,345 14,158 Russian part 3267 3494 4628 5168 5856 8258 12,205 Austrian part 1158 1416 1646 1853 1968 2300 2690 1931 1960 1970 1986 2000 Prussian part 5757 12,790 14,442 17,029 17,612 (14,567) Russian part 11,706 12,567 13,498 15,722 15,286 Austrian part 3766 4170 4627 5324 5358 Northern and Western territories 8810 (1939) Eastern territories of interwar 12,800 Poland (incorporated by USSR after 1945) Source: Own calculations (Główny Urząd Statystyczny 1993; Wyczański 2003; Gawryszewski 2005) Note: For year 1931, population of Prussian part in borders of Second Republic of Poland (in brackets in contemporary borders, including Northern and Western Territories), population of Northern and Western territories and population of Eastern territories (Kresy) incorporated by USSR after WWII © The Author(s) 2018 365 P. Koryś, Poland From Partitions to EU Accession, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97126-1 366 Annex Table A.2 Urbanization rates (populations of towns 5000+ as a share of total population) 1810 1825 1843 1857 1868 1890 1910 (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) Austrian part 4 4 5 6 8 13 19 Russian part 3 5 5 7 12 18 29 Prussian part 6 8 10 12 15 20 29 Poland, contemporary 5 6 7 9 13 18 27 territory 1921 1931 1950 1970 1988 2010 (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) Poland, contemporary 21 24 34 49 60 58 territory Source: Own calculations (Karpineć 1932; Jelonek 1967) and various statistical yearbooks of the Republic of Poland Note: For years 1921 and 1931, only the territory of the Second Republic of Poland Table A.3 Population of the largest cities and towns of Polish lands, 1810–1990. Thousands of people 1810 1868 1910 1931 1960 1990 Warszawa 78 Warszawa 255 Warszawa 895 Warszawa 1178 Warszawa 1171 Warszawa 1655 Wrocław 68 Wrocław 208 Wrocław 512 Wrocław 625 Łódź 723 Łódź 852 Wilno 56 Gdańsk 89 Łódź 424 Łódź 605 Kraków 490 Kraków 748 Lwów 44 Lwów 87 Szczecin 236 Lwów 316 Wrocław 443 Wrocław 642 Gdańsk 37 Szczecin 76 Lwów 210 Szczecin 269 Poznań 418 Poznań 589 Kraków 24 Wilno 60 Wilno 205 Poznań 247 Gdańsk 297 Gdańsk 465 Szczecin 21 Poznań 56 Gdańsk 170 Gdańsk 229 Szczecin 279 Szczecin 412 Elbląg 17 Kraków 50 Poznań 157 Kraków 221 Katowice 275 Bydgoszcz 380 Poznań 16 Łódź 36 Kraków 143 Wilno 196 Bydgoszcz 240 Katowice 367 Brzeg 10 Elbląg 31 Sosnowiec 99 Zabrze 130 Zabrze 194 Lublin 350 Świdnica 10 Bydgoszcz 28 Białystok 80 Katowice 127 Lublin 188 Białystok 268 Legnica 9 Legnica 23 Częstochowa 75 Bydgoszcz 118 Bytom 186 Sosnowiec 259 Głogów 8 Płock 22 Chorzów 73 Częstochowa 118 Częstochowa 168 Częstochowa 257 Grudziądz 8 Tarnów 22 Bytom 68 Lublin 113 Gdynia 153 Gdynia 251 Zielona Góra 8 Gorzów 21 Gliwice 67 Gliwice 111 Chorzów 150 Bytom 230 Wlkp. Stargard 8 Lublin 21 Legnica 67 Sosnowiec 109 Gliwice 139 Radom 226 Szczeciński Nysa 8 Chorzów 20 Lublin 65 Bytom 99 Radom 135 Gliwice 222 Przemyśl 7 Nysa 19 Zabrze 63 Białystok 91 Ruda Śląska 135 Kielce 213 Kalisz 7 Głogów 18 Elbląg 59 Chorzów 81 Sosnowiec 134 Zabrze 203 Annex Rawicz 7 Stargard 17 Bydgoszcz 58 Radom 78 Białystok 126 Toruń 200 Szczeciński Source: Own estimations (Karpineć 1932; Jelonek 1967) and various statistical yearbooks Note: In bold towns located in Western and Northern Territories (and Gdańsk). In italicized towns from the eastern territories of the Second Republic of Poland (Kresy). In this table, only contemporary Polish names are used 367 368 Table A.4 Regional shares of GDP (contemporary borders) GDP 1790 1810 1830 1850 1870 1890 1910 1930 1960 1970 1986 2000 Prussian partition 58.2 61.7 65.0 65.4 64.0 59.8 53.6 49.0 40.4 39.2 40.8 43.6 – Of which 35.0 23.4 23.3 24.9 25.5 Annex Western and Nortern territories Austrian partition 12.5 10.5 10.0 8.8 8.2 7.4 6.5 8.0 12.5 14.1 11.7 12.2 Russian partition 29.2 27.9 25.0 25.9 27.8 32.7 39.9 41.0 46.9 46.7 47.5 44.2 Source: Own calculations (Zieliński 1974; Główny Urząd Statystyczny 1989; Bukowski et al. 2018) Note: Calculations for the communist period based on corrected estimations of National Income (Material Product System). Methods of correction, like in Fallenbuchl (1985), Główny Urząd Statystyczny (1989) Table A.5 Regional GDP per capita in Poland (contemporary borders, G-K dollars 2011) GDP 1790 1810 1830 1850 1870 1890 1910 1930 1960 1970 1986 2000 Prussian partition 1625 1727 1931 2237 2644 3358 4479 5832 7621 10,286 13,384 Austrian partition 1359 1289 1358 1492 1787 2234 2882 5534 8547 9434 12,310 Russian partition 1217 1217 1370 1574 2033 2746 3868 6891 9705 12,970 15,633 (Kingdom of Poland) Poland 1431 1491 1687 1954 2348 3006 4065 3879 6253 8613 11,275 14,132 Source: Own calculations (Zieliński 1974; Główny Urząd Statystyczny 1989; Bukowski et al. 2018; Inklaar et al. 2018) Note: See comments for Table A.4. For years 1790–1910 GDP per capita estimations from Bukowski et al. (2018), since 1921 from Inklaar et al. (2018) Annex 369 Table A.6 Occupational structure Russian part 1810 (%) 1830 (%) 1860 (%) 1897 (%) 1921 (%) 1936 (%) I 78 73 74 68 74 52 II 9 9 13 12 17 25 III 13 18 13 20 9 23 Prussian Part 1810 (%) 1867 (%) 1895 (%) 1921 (%) 1936 (%) I 70 X 66 55 68 38 II 13 X 16 26 14 32 III 17 X 18 19 18 29 Austrian part 1810 (%) 1880 (%) 1900 (%) 1921 (%) 1936 (%) I 81 X 80 82 82 64 II 9 X 6 6 7 15 III 10 X 14 12 10 20 Western and Northern Territories 1936 (%) 1950 (%) 1988 (%) I 28 50 23 II 32 25 36 III 40 25 41 1810 1859/1867/ 1895/1897/ 1921 1931 1950 1970 1988 1995 Poland (%) 1869 (%) 1900 (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) I 76 71 64 76 70 57 38 27 28 II 10 13 18 10 13 23 35 36 30 III 14 16 18 14 17 20 27 37 42 Source: Sobieszczański (1860), Załęski (1876, 1901), Grossmann (1925), Tipton (1976), Kociszewski (1999), Szuman (1999) and Koryś and Tymiński (2015) and various statistical yearbooks of Russia, Prussia, Germany, and Austria in the nineteenth century and the Republic of Poland in the twentieth century Note: Year 1810—data for Duchy of Warsaw (Russian, Prussian and Austrian parts). Year 1921 and 1931, see note for Table A.1 in Annex. Territories of partitions included only in the contemporary territory of Poland, cf. Map 11.1 Bibliography Bukowski, M., Koryś, P., Leszczyńska, C., et al. (2018). Urban population and economic development: Urbanization and approximation of GDP per capita in history—The case of the Polish lands in the 19th century. Mimeo. Fallenbuchl, Z. M. (1985). National income statistics for Poland, 1970–1980. Washington, DC: World Bank. Gawryszewski, A. (2005). Ludność Polski w XX wieku. Warszawa: Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania im. Stanisława Leszczyckiego PAN. Główny Urząd Statystyczny. (1989). Dochód narodowy Polski według województw w 1986 r. Warszawa: Zakład Badań Statystyczno-Ekonomicznych Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego i Polskiej Akademii Nauk. Główny Urząd Statystyczny. (1993). Historia Polski w liczbach: ludność, teryto- rium. Główny Urząd Statystyczny. Grossmann, H. (1925). Struktura społeczna i gospodarcza Ksiestwa̧ Warszawskiego na podstawie spisów ludności 1808–1810. Warszawa: Główny Urząd Statystyczny. Inklaar, R., de Jong, H., Bolt, J., & van Zanden, J. (2018). Rebasing “Maddison”: New income comparisons and the shape of long-run economic development. Groningen Growth and Development Centre, University of Groningen. Jelonek, A. (1967). Ludność miast i osiedli typu miejskiego na ziemiach Polski od 1810 do 1960 r. Warszawa: Instytut Geografii Polskiej Akademii Nauk. © The Author(s) 2018 371 P. Koryś, Poland From Partitions to EU Accession, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97126-1 372 Bibliography Karpineć, Ì. (1932). Ilość osad miejskich byłej Galicji i podział ich na miasta i miasteczka. Lwów: asa im. J. Mianowskiego, Instytut Popierania Polskiej Twórczości Naukowej. Kociszewski, J. (1999). Proces integracji gospodarczej ziem zachodnich i północnych z Polską. Wrocław: Wydawnictwo Akademii Ekonomicznej. Koryś, P., & Tymiński, M. (2015). Occupational structure in the Polish territories at the turn of the 20th (1895–1900) century. Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw. Sobieszczański, F. M. (1860). Kalendarz wydawany przez Obserwatoryum Astronomiczne Warszawskie na rok zwyczajny 1861. Warszawa: Obserwatoryum Astronomiczne Warszawskie. Szuman, A. (1999). Przeobrażenia struktury społeczno-zawodowej ludności Polski w XX wieku. Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny, LXI, 187–202. Tipton, F. B. (1976). Regional variations in the economic development of Germany during the nineteenth century. Wesleyan University Press. Various Statistical Yearbooks of Austria, Prussia, Germany, Russia (until 1918) and Republic of Poland (after 1918). Wyczański, A. (Ed.). (2003). Historia Polski w liczbach. T. 1: Państwo, społeczeństwo. Warszawa: Zakład Wydawnictw Statystycznych. Załęski, W. (1876). Statystyka porównawcza Królestwa Polskiego: ludność i stosunki ekonomiczne. Warszawa: Gebethner i Wolff. Załęski, W. (1901). Królestwo Polskie pod względem statystycznym. Cz. 2: Statystyka zajęć i przemysłu. Warszawa: Sklad Glowny w Ksiegarni Jana Fiszera. Zieliński, M. (1974). Próba określenia rozmiarów dysproporcji międzyregionalnych w stopie życiowej ludności i sposobów ich zmniejszenia. Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, 8, 123–134. Index A Annexation of Austria (Anschluss), Abramovitz, Moses, 9 212 Accumulation, 298 Annexation of Czechoslovakia, 212 Acemoglu, Daron, 3, 13 Anti-communist resistance in Agrarian reform, 24, 95, 107, 116, Poland, 268 123, 132, 140, 143, 156, 168, Anti-Jewish measures, 261 177 Anti-Jewish violence, 261, 263 Agricultural output, 306 Anti-Semitism, 162 Agriculture, 138, 140, 240, 241, Apparatus of control and repression, 292, 305 293 Agroindustry, 137, 140, 141 Arciszewski, Tomasz, 256 Akamatsu, Kanamu, 11, 13 Army, 36, 44, 46, 47, 50, 52, 63, 64, Aldcroft, Derek, 2, 4 68, 78, 80–82, 84, 85, 94, 98, Alexander I Romanov, 82, 357 101, 107, 196–200, 209, 222, Alexander II Romanov, 130 230, 238, 240, 255, 257, 259, Amoral familism, 263 261, 262, 268, 269, 272, 273, Amsden, Alice, 9, 13 289, 293, 311, 322 Anglo-Polish Agreement of Mutual Assembly, 120 Assistance (1939), 212 Augustus II Wettin, 43 © The Author(s) 2018 373 P.
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