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Afro-Lineal Organized Crime

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If you have issues viewing or accessing this file, please contact us at NCJRS.gov. State of New Jersey Commission of Investigation AFRO-LINEAL ORGANIZED CRIME March 1991 /8'd.300 State of New Jersey Commission of Investigation AFRO-LINEAL ORGANIZED CRIME 132300 U.S. Department of Justice Nalionallnst/l!Jte of Justice This document has been reproduced exactly as received from the pers?n or organization originating it. Points of view or opinions stated In this document. ~re th~se of the ~uthors and do not necessarily repr~sent the official position or policies of the National Institute of Justice. Permission to reproduce this copyrighted material has been granted by • State of New Jersey/Commission on Tnvestigation to the National Criminal Justice Reference Service (NCJRS). March 1991 ~urther reproduc.tlon outside of the NCJRS system requires permis­ sion of the cOPYright owner. ~tatr of NrUt ~rr.a2!J COMMISSION OF INVESTIGATION .JAMES R. ZAZZALI 28 WEST STATE STREET .JAMES .J. MORLEY CHAIRMAN CN 045 EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR _ARRY H. EVENCHICK TRENTO~J. N.J. 08625 ROBERT.J.CLARK W. HUNT DUMONT (609) 292-6767 DEPUTY DIRECTOR KENNETH D. MERIN TELECOPIER HELEN K. GARDINER COMMISSIONERS (609) 633-7366 ASSISTANT DIRECTOR THOMAS W. CANNON EXECUTIVE ASSISTANT COUNSEL CHARLOTTE K. GAAL CAROL L. HOEK.JE ILEANA N. SAROS .JAMES F. VILLERE~ .JR. March 1991 Governor James J. Florio The President and Members of the Senate The Speaker and Members of the General Assembly The State Commission of Investigation herewith formally submits, pursuant to N.J.S.A. 52:9M, a report on its investigation into matters relating to Afro-lineal organized crime, including its public hearing held on November 29, 1990. Respectfully, ~. .. Barry H. Evenchick ;,(~~ ~~!: D. Herin New Jersey Is An Equal Opportunity Employer TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... ,.. 1 AFRICAN-AMERICANS.............................................................................................. 2 THE FAMILY (NORTH)................................................................................................. 3 NEIGHBORHOOD CRIME GROUPS IN NEWARK...................................................... 4 Paterson Group .................... ...................................................... ..... ..................... 4 Ratchford Family ................................. ,.............................................................. 4 Brown Family ................................................................... ............................... 4 Williams Group ....... .......................................................... ................... ............. 4 Lee Group ........................................................................................................ 4 THE FAMILY (SOUTH)................................................................................................. 4 nJNIOR BLACK MAFIA................................................................................................ 5 CAMDEN "SETS"........................................................................................................... 5 GAMBLING RINGS........................................................................................................ 6 Leonard Jones Group ....................................................................................... 6 Gilbert Young Group ....................................................................................... 7 Lewis Tyler Group ........................................................................................... 7 Eugene Terry Group .......... ...................................... .................... .................... 7 Wayne Pack Group ............................... ..... ............................................ .......... 7 E'PORT POSSE............................................................................................................... 7 ISAAC WRIGHT GROUP............................................................................................... 9 FIVE PERCENTERS....................................................................................................... 12 GANGS............................................................................................................................ 16 JAMAICAN POSSES ................................................................................................... 18 SHOWER POSSE....................................... ................ ..... ....... ......... ....... .................. ....... 19 SPANGLER POSSE........................................................................................................ 19 DUNKIRK BOYS POSSE............ ............................ ...... .... ......... .... ............ ............. ....... 20 TEL AVIV POSSE......... .................................... .... ... ..... ............... .... ............... ......... ...... 20 'WATERHOUSE POSSE.................................................................................................. 20 NIGERIANS.................................................................................................................... 23 COMMON CONCERNS ABOUT AFRO·LINEAL CRIMINAL GROUPS............. 27 BREEDING GROUNDS FOR DURABLE SyNDICATES............................................. 27 VIOLENCE..................................................................................................................... 28 DESTRUCTION OF NEIGHBORHOODS...................................................................... 31 BROAD IMPACT AND CONNECTIONS....................................................................... 33 CONCEALMENT (HIDING THE WEALTH, CORRUPTION, AURA OF RESPECTABILITy)..... .......................... ...... .... ... ...... .............................. ....... 34 RECOMMENDATIONS................................................................................................ 36 EMPHASIZE REDUCTION OF DRUG DEMAND......................................................... 37 INCREASE LOCAL LAW ENFORCEMENT ASSISTANCE AND ENCOURAGE COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION............................................... 39 INCREASE INTELLIGENCE GATHERING AND SHARING....................................... 41 TARGET, EXPOSE AND ISOLATE LEADERS............................................................ 43 RETAIN AND EXPAND ORGANIZED CRIME FIGHTING TOOLS............................ 46 AFRO-LINEAL ORGANIZED CRIME The Commission shall have the duty and power to conduct investigations in connection with ... organized crime and racketeering .... (N.J.S.A. 52:9M-2) ... [TJhe Commission shall keep the public informed as to the operations of organized crime .... (N.J.S.A.52:9M-ll) INTRODUCTION terrorized neighborhoods, corrupted youth and fanned violence in urban areas. The public, media, and even most law enforce­ mentofficials, have traditionally associated the term Afro-lineal criminal groups are particularly "organized crime" with Italian ethnic criminal syn­ threatening because they are heavily engaged in dicates, commonly called La CosaNostra (LCN) or narcotics trafficking, a scourge against all of society theMafia. Tocounterthis narrow point of view, the and a severe impediment to urban revitalization. State Commission of Investigation (SCI or Com­ They also promote significant frauds, high-volume mission) has, for some time, emphasized that LCN, illicit gambling, murder, extortion, official corrup­ while a serious problem, represents only part of the tion and other criminal activities. organized underworld which preys on New Jersey and the rest of the country. For several years, the SCI has developed intelli­ gence on Afro-lineal mobs. These efforts culmi­ Among the criminal groups which should re­ nated in a public hearing on November 29, 1990. ceive more attention than they have in the past are This report summarizes the public hearing and those of African ethnic background. Such Afro­ provides additional information in order to give a lineal organized crime -- composed exclusively or comprehensive review of the problem and recom­ predominantly of persons of African ancestry -­ mendations for dealing with it. In addition, some includes criminal syndicates of African-Americans, successful law enforcement efforts to curtail Afro­ Jamaicans, Nigerians and others. lineal organized crime will be highlighted in antici­ pation that they will be imitated elsewhere in New The neglect of this problem stems, in part, from Jersey. the erroneous stereotype that African ethnic groups lack the stability to organize and are not capable of A survey of New Jersey law enforcement agen­ structuring a syndicate of any consequence. In cies conducted by the Commission concentrated on addition, law enforcement resources are limited, reported activity by African-American, Jamaican and they have been devoted to dealing with more and Nigerian criminal groups in New Jersey. As familiar groups which receive greater media atten­ reported at the Commission's public hearing by SCI tion, probably because they are perceived to threaten Intelligence Analyst Debra A. Sowney, African­ suburban interests. American groups have been identified as active in thirteen counties: Passaic, Bergen, Hudson, Essex, Whatever the cause of the neglect, it has led, in Union, Middlesex, Monmouth, Ocean, Atlantic, many areas, to a serious shortage of information Camden, Mercer, Somerset and Morris. They par­ concerning the activities, membership and
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