Habitat Integrity of Selected Rivers of the North West Province
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Habitat Integrity of Selected Rivers of the North West Province Habitat Integrity Results: Groot Marico River Habitat Integrity Results: Crocodile River 1 3 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 2 Sector 52 53 50 49 56 55 54 57 58 59 60 61 45 44 43 42 39 38 37 36 48 47 42 41 40 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 202 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Sector 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 4 5 Riparian B A C A C B B A D D C B A C A A B C B C D B B C C C C C C C D E E E F E E D D C C C C C C C C C C C E E E E E D D C D E C 6 Riparian D D D D E D D D D C D E D D D D C D D C C C C D C C C C C C C C C C D D C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C B C C C C B B 7 Instream B B A A B A A A B B B A A B A A B B B B C B B C B C C C C C C D E E D D C D C C C C C C C C C C C C E E E E E D D D E E C 8 Instream C D D D D D D C C C D D D E D D C C C C C D D D C C C C C C C C C C D D C C C C C C C C C C C C C C B B C C B B B B 9 Riparian B A C A C B B A D D C B A C A A B C B C D B B C C C C C C C D E E E F E E D D C C C C C C C C C C C E E E E E D D C D E C 10 11 Riparian D D D D E D D D D C D E D D D D C D D C C C C D C C C C C C C C C C D D C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C B C C C C B B 12 14 In general, the tributaries in the Upper Groot Marico catchment (Draaifontein, Kaaloog se Loop, Rietspruit, 13 The Crocodile River system is heavily utilised and the impacts are the result of the major impoundments of Hartbeespoort and Roodekopjes Dams, which alters 15 Ribbokfontein se Loop, Van Straatensvlei, and Sterkstroom), consist of natural wetlands in the upper reaches, while 16 GROOT MARICO the flow variability and volumes downstream resulting in bed and channel modification. The river is further impacted by the abstraction of water for agricultural 17 the lower reaches flow over the plateau and are largely impacted by agricultural activities as well as invasive alien 18 20 1 1550 use and return flows from agricultural use, urban areas and mining activities. 19 21 22 vegetation. Runoff from slate mining in Kaaloog and Ribbokfontein se Loop result in increased turbidity in these 23 2 24 rivers. The rivers are generally in a good condition where they flow through gorges. 25 3 Heavy alien plant infestations in the riparian zone and Habitat destruction: Crocodile River Physical structures: Crocodile River 4 vegetation removal in the intensive irrigated areas 26 27 The Lower Groot Marico is dominated by large dams (Marico Bosveld and Molatedi Dam) that provide for domestic 5 contributes to the deterioration of habitat integrity. The 28 29 and agricultural water supply. This results in severe flow modifications that impact on both the instream and riparian 6 30 habitat integrity gradually improves in the downstream 31 zones. The erratic release of water from the Molatedi Dam for agricultural use has a high impact on the river, both in 7 Altitude CROCODILE 8 direction in the Crocodile system. 1250 32 terms of channel and flow modification. This, together with attenuation of large flood events by Molatedi Dam, has 9 800 33 0 250 34 significant impact on the instream zone of the river. Constant flow releases and the inundation of the Twasa Weir in 10 Distance (km) 35 a gentle sloping topography, result in large areas of the river channel being inundated. 11 36 37 12 38 Altitude 13 800 39 Lower Groot Marico River 14 0 300 40 Molatedi Dam, Groot Marico River Twasa weir, Lower Groot Marico River 15 Distance (km) 41 16 82 42 17 LIMPOPO 43 44 85 84 83 19 18 89 88 87 86 45 20 Habitat Integrity Results: Hex River 91 90 81 47 21 92 80 46 97 93 48 102 101 100 95 94 22 Sector 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 80 81 96 78 23 Crocodile 151 152 153 154 103 98 77 49 24 99 104 76 50 Riparian C C C C C C F F E E D D C F F C C C C E C C C C 52 25 105 75 51 26 Instream B B B B B C E D D D C D C F D D C C C D C C C C 106 74 53 107 73 54 92 27 Riparian C C C C C C F F E E D D C F F C C C C E C C C C 72 93 28 108 55 56 71 57 29 109 70 94 The Hex River is subjected to various impacts, mostly relating to the 58 95 110 69 99 98 97 96 30 67 68 impoundments and the modification of flows, with water abstraction and 111 154 100 31 112 66 101 153 HEX agricultural and mining activities adding to the increased turbidity and 113 152 65 Habitat Integrity Results: Klein Marico River 32 BOTSWANA 114 64 1500 102 151 116 103 33 35 36 erosion problems. Alien vegetation encroachment is a particular problem 115 63 37 34 38 39 62 104 40 Groot Marico downstream from the Olifantsnek Dam. 117 Sector 99 98 97 96 95 94 93 92 61 107 106 105 104 103 102 101 100 113 114 115 105 42 41 106 107 44 43 61 1600 ELANDS Riparian D D B B C C C C F D D D C C F E D C C 46 47 59 108 45 60 Below Rustenburg heavy infestations of alien 48 58 57 Temba Instream C B B B B C C D E C C C C C E D D B B KLEIN MARICO 53 vegetation and flow modification as a result of the 51 52 49 54 55 Riparian D D B B C C C C F D D D C C F E D C C 1550 50 56 Elands Mabopane Olifantsnek Dam are the major impacts on the river. Altitude 51 Intensive agricultural activities in segments 69 and Habitat integrity in the upper Klein Marico River is predominantly impacted Ga-Rankuwa 0 Distance (km) 120 Hex 70 resulted in vegetation removal and impacts on by alien vegetation in the riparian zone and agricultural activities. River Lower Klein Marico River water quality. The lower Hex River catchment is Altitude channel modification by dense stands of white poplar trees adds to the Brits Rustenburg typified by old weir structures and communal cattle Farming activities and invasive alien largely modified habitat. The integrity of the river downstream improves 800 Klein MaricGrooto grazing. 0 200 plants in the Elands River Altitude Distance (km) due to an absence of alien vegetation in the riparian zone and reduced Marico Sterkstroom indigenous riparian vegetation removal. The integrity deteriorates again 800 Molemane Klein Hex at Zeerust, with a number of obstructions and bridges occurring here, as 0 Distance (km) 100 Habitat Integrity Results: Elands River well as the discharge of treated wastewater. Mafikeng Sector 99 98 97 96 95 94 93 92 91 90 89 88 87 86 85 84 83 82 Molopo 113 112 111 110 109 108 107 106 105 104 103 102 101 100 The Klein Maricopoort Dam contributes to a deterioration of the habitat integrity to a category D GAUTENG Riparian C D C C C E D D C F E D D D C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C F F D downstream of the dam. The lower section of the Klein Marico River is severely altered as a result of Instream C C B C C D D C C E D C C C C C C C C C C C C C C B C C B E E D Lichtenburg the abstraction of water from Kromellenboog Dam.