sustainability Article The Care Farming Sector in The Netherlands: A Reflection on Its Developments and Promising Innovations Jan Hassink 1,* , Herman Agricola 2, Esther J. Veen 3 , Roald Pijpker 3 , Simone R. de Bruin 3,4, Harold A. B. van der Meulen 5 and Lana B. Plug 3 1 Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University & Research, 6700AA Wageningen, The Netherlands 2 Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University & Research, 6700AA Wageningen, The Netherlands;
[email protected] 3 Department of Social Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, 6700 EW Wageningen, The Netherlands;
[email protected] (E.J.V.);
[email protected] (R.P.);
[email protected] (S.R.d.B.);
[email protected] (L.B.P.) 4 Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands 5 Wageningen Economic Research, Wageningen University & Research, 2502 LS The Hague, The Netherlands;
[email protected] * Correspondence:
[email protected]; Tel.: +31317480576 Received: 3 April 2020; Accepted: 4 May 2020; Published: 7 May 2020 Abstract: This paper describes the development of care farming in the Netherlands, one of the pioneering countries in this sector, where care farming has developed into a very diverse sector, with some farmers focussing primarily on agricultural production and others more specifically on providing care services. Care farms are increasingly open to a diversity of participants. The sector has become professionalised with the establishment of strong regional organisations and a steady growth increase in revenues, providing employment opportunities and boosting the economy of rural areas. In this paper, we highlight two promising innovations in care farming: education for school dropouts and the establishment of social farming activities in cities.