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22Nd Medical & Health Research Week

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22Nd Medical & Health Research Week Med & Health Dec 2020; 15(1) (Suppl): 1-170 https://doi.org/10.17576/MH.2020.s1501 22nd Medical & Health Research Week 'Inspiring Research Towards Holistic Healthcare' 17 th August - 4th September 2020 Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre 1 Med & Health Dec 2020; 15(1) (Suppl): 1-170 https://doi.org/10.17576/MH.2020.s1501 2 Med & Health Dec 2020; 15(1) (Suppl): 1-170 https://doi.org/10.17576/MH.2020.s1501 MPP 003P Bone Resorption Markers, Antioxidant and FGF23 Gene Expression After Acute and Chronic Ethanol Treatment with Abstinence in Male Rat SYED ALHAFIZ SYED HASHIM, ISA NAINA MOHAMED, NORAZLINA MOHAMED* Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia. Introduction: In 2016, World Health Organization (WHO) reported more than 200 million males and 40 million females suffered from alcohol use disorder (AUD). Alcohol is the main modifiable risk factor for osteoporosis. Studies have shown that alcohol has deleterious effect on bone while others have reported its benefits on bone health. Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of ethanol intake and abstinence on bone resorption markers (osteopontin, OPN and tartrate resistant acid phosphatase, TRAP), antioxidant (glutathione peroxidase, GPx) and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) level in male rat. Method: Thirty male wistar rats were randomized evenly to 5 groups: baseline (Bs), normal control (Nc), acute alcohol (Ac), chronic alcohol (Ch) and alcohol withdrawal (Wd). Treatment period was 28 days. Bolus ethanol 2.5% was given to Ac group on day 28, while Ch and Wd group received modified liquid diet with gradual ethanol concentration increment over 20 days followed by bolus ethanol 2.5% on day 28. Wd group was subsequently abstinence from alcohol for 6 hours before sacrifice. Upon sacrifice, left femur was extracted and prepared for enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. Results: GPx, TRAP and FGF23 gene expression were significantly reduced after chronic ethanol intake while there was no significant change observed in OPN gene expression. Ethanol abstinence increased GPx, TRAP and FGF23 gene expression. Conclusion Ethanol intake disrupted antioxidant protection and exposed bone to oxidative stress injury and concurrently reduces ability of bone healing (FGF23). However, it also showed inhibitory effect on bone resorption process. 3 Med & Health Dec 2020; 15(1) (Suppl): 1-170 https://doi.org/10.17576/MH.2020.s1501 MPP 004K Bilateral Full-Thickness Macular Hole in Myopic Eyes: A Case Report AINA MALINDRI D, MAE-LYNN CB Department of Ophthalmology, Pusat Perubatan UKM, Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Introduction: Macular hole is the most common cause of central vision loss. It occurs due to retinal break in the macula. Objective: To report a case of bilateral full-thickness macular hole in high myopia patient. Method: Case report Results: A 62-year-old gentleman with underlying high myopia presented with metamorphopsia over his both eyes. He had undergone uneventful both eye cataract surgery 7 years prior to the current presentation. At presentation, his visual acuity was 6/36 ph 6/36 N24 over the right eye and 6/24 ph 6/24 N18 over the left eye. Examinations and investigations showed both eye full-thickness macular hole with posterior staphyloma. Pars plana vitrectomy was performed over his left eye for stage 4 macular hole with anatomical and functional success. Post-operatively, the left eye showed improvement in visual acuity and symptoms. His latest visual acuity was 6/36 ph 6/36 N24 over the right eye and 6/18 ph 6/12 N12 over the left eye. He is planned for right eye macular hole surgery. Conclusion: High myopia and axial length are known risk factors for idiopathic macular hole. Pars plana vitrectomy is indicated to improve as well as to prevent further worsening of visual acuity. 4 Med & Health Dec 2020; 15(1) (Suppl): 1-170 https://doi.org/10.17576/MH.2020.s1501 MPP 005P Association between Attributes in Multiple Mini Interviews (MMI) and Academic Performance of Medical Students at The Faculty of Medicine, UKM ABDUL RAHMAN M, MOHAMAD NURMAN Y, MOHD NASRI AB Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Introduction: Student selection is a crucial process in choosing students who can potentially succeed in their medical education and training. Multiple Mini Interview (MMI) had been introduced to counter the problem of interviewer variability and context specificity of the traditional interview. However, previous studies had reported inconclusive results of the ability of MMI to predict academic performance. Objective: To examine the relationships between five attributes in MMI i.e., critical thinking, lifelong learning, empathy, ethics and professionalism, and resilience with the academic performance during the first semester of the first year. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on three cohorts of medical students’ analyzing their performance scores in MMI and their academic performance using PLS-SEM analysis. Results: The assessment of the model revealed that critical thinking and lifelong learning significantly predicted academic performance, compared to empathy, ethics and professionalism, and resilience. The measures of critical thinking and lifelong learning were related to the aspect of cognitive performance which, in agreement with the predictability of past academic performance and aptitude test. Conclusion: This study justified the importance of non-cognitive dispositions to academic success and provided information regarding the qualities of MMI practiced at the Faculty of Medicine, UKM. 5 Med & Health Dec 2020; 15(1) (Suppl): 1-170 https://doi.org/10.17576/MH.2020.s1501 MPP 006P Metabolic Landscape of Brain at Middle Age TAN JK, SAKINAH HUSNA AR, NAZIRAH AR, NUR HALEEDA H, MOHD HANAFI AD, SUZANA M, WAN ZURINAH WN Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Introduction: Metabolic drift is a hallmark of aging brain, which reflects functional state of brain. However, little is known about metabolic reprogramming in the brain at midlife. Understanding such changes could provide insights for preventing neurodegenerative lesions in later life. Objective: This study aimed to determine the metabolic networks in brain of middle-aged rats. Methods: Metabolome in whole brain tissue of adult male rats (Sprague Dawley, 15 months old) was compared with young counterparts (6 months old). Metabolites were extracted by methanol and detected using liquid chromatography mass spectrometer. Data analysis was performed by MetaboAnalyst 4.0. Results: Levels of docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid were lower in adult brain, suggesting perturbed membrane fluidity in neurons. In adult brain, elevated pyroglutamic acid level indicates impaired glutathione metabolism, while upraised levels of neuroprotectants (ergothioneine, spermine, and cholecalciferol) imply cellular compensatory mechanism against defective antioxidant defence system. Dopamine level was higher, but its precursor (tyrosine) level was lower in adult brain, indicating active dopamine biosynthesis. Other neurotransmitters include oleamide and N-acetyl-1-aspartylglutamic acid were lower, while acetylcholine was higher in adult brain. Conclusion: Disrupted polyunsaturated fatty acids metabolism, redox imbalance, and altered neurotransmitter systems were observed in middle-aged brain. Association of these metabolic changes with cognitive performance warrants further investigation. 6 Med & Health Dec 2020; 15(1) (Suppl): 1-170 https://doi.org/10.17576/MH.2020.s1501 MPP 007K Sex Determination from Measurements of The First Lumbar Vertebra by Computed Tomography in the Malaysian Population AFIANA R1,2, M.SWARHIB S1, NIK AZUAN NI3, HELMI H4, FARIDAH MN1 1Forensic Unit, Department of Pathology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur Malaysia. 2Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang, Indonesia. 3Department of Radiology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 4School of Health Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia. Introduction: Sex determination is one of the main steps in the identification of human skeletal remains. The vertebrae are weight-bearing structures in the human body, that may provide a variety of information from an individual. Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess the sexual dimorphism of the first lumbar (L1) vertebra using three-dimensional computed tomography (3D CT) imaging to develop population-specific equations for sex identification in the Malaysian population. Methods: Thirteen linear measurements of the first lumbar (L1) vertebra were taken from 50 males and 50 females patients in the Radiology Department of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, using images of the Computed Tomography (CT) scan. Independent T-test and discriminant function analysis (DFA) were performed for analysis. Results: By using independent T-test, there were eight measurements showing statistically significant differences between men and women (p<0.001). Using the stepwise method of discriminant analysis, three measurements for sex prediction showed an accuracy of 93%, i.e.
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