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February 20, 2015 A Week in the Horn 20.2.2015 News in Brief Eritrea demonstrates its intransigence yet again IGAD-led South Sudan peace negotiations to continue Ethiopia’s Armed Forces Day Celebrations An Ethio-Swedish Agro–Processing Workshop held in Addis Ababa “The Role of Finance in Defeating Al-Shabaab” News in Brief Africa and the African Union The AU Commission and the League of Arab States met in Cairo on Monday (February 16) to discuss implementation of the Africa-Arab Joint Action Plan on Agricultural Development and Food Security and the organization of the 3rd Africa- Arab Ministerial Conference on Agricultural Development and Food Security in Africa scheduled to be held in Kampala later this year. The project for “Improving Land Governance in the IGAD Region” was launched in Djibouti on Monday (February 16). The 6-year project aims to enhance the capacity of the Land Policy Initiative and IGAD to facilitate and monitor the implementation of the AU Declaration on Land in the Region, develop the capacity of regional academic institutions, promote good land governance and land policy among IGAD Member States; and improve partnerships and coordination in land governance programs in the region. Ethiopia The celebrations of the 40th anniversary of the Tigray Peoples‟ Liberation Front, held in Mekelle, the capital of the Tigray Regional State on Wednesday (February 18), were attended by President Dr. Mulatu Teshome and Prime Minister Hailemariam Desalegn as well as by President Omar Al-Bashir of Sudan, Paul Kagame of Rwanda and President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud of Somalia, Prime Minister Kamil Abdelkadir Mohamed of Djibouti, Prime Minister Ruhakana Rugunda of Uganda, and Dr. Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma, Chairperson of the African Union Commission. Prime Minister Hailemariam, President Al-Bashir and senior government officials earlier laid wreaths at the cemetery at the Martyrs‟ Monument to honor those who died in the seventeen year struggle against the former military dictatorship President Paul Kagame of Rwanda noted on Wednesday (February 18) that Ethiopia provided an exemplary model for Africa in employing African solutions for its own problems. He said Ethiopia had “maintained a principled commitment to self-reliance in all forms; economic, political and above all intellectual.” The struggle to overthrow the military dictatorship had paid off giving Ethiopia the ability to experience a stable and increasingly prosperous economy. President Hassan Sheikh Mohamed of Somalia held talks with Prime Minister Hailemariam this week, exchanging views on the role of Ethiopia in AMISOM and discussing bilateral relations. 1 He said “the role of Ethiopia in its state and nation building is a model for Africa, particularly for Somalia.” Prime Minister Hailemariam on Wednesday (February 18) laid the foundation stone of the Mekelle-Hara Gebeya–Woldia railway project, which is expected link the North and North East of the country to the new port of Tadjourah port being constructed in Djibouti. The Crown Princess of Denmark, Princess Mary, accompanying Denmark‟s Trade and Development Minister, Mogens Jensen, made a three day visit to Ethiopia this week to look at progress in improving women‟s and girls‟ health and rights issues and ways of containing gender-based violence and female genital mutilation. The Archbishop of Addis Ababa, Archbishop Berhaneyesus Demerew Souraphie, was among 20 senior members of the Roman Catholic Church, three from Africa, created Cardinals by Pope Francis, at a ceremony at the Vatican in Rome on Saturday (February 14). State Minister Dewano Kedir met Egyptian investors who have an interest in the trade and transport sector on Thursday (February 19); and later met with the Mayor of Aurora City, Steven Hogan, to discuss twinning between the Aurora City in the US and Adama. Ethiopia and Djibouti have agreed to establish a joint committee to enhance the port and customs services in order to speed up transportation of commodities to Ethiopia. The committee will be made up of experts drawn from the revenues and customs, transport, maritime and logistics services of both countries. An agreement was signed between Ethiopia and Djibouti on Saturday last week (February 7) to start construction of a 550 kms oil pipeline between Djibouti and Awash. The project which will take three years to complete will lower fuel costs. Ethiopia imports benzene from Sudan for the domestic market but 80% of its total oil imports come through Djibouti. The Norwegian company, Yara International, has announced that an independent feasibility study of its concession in the Afar Regional State has confirmed the potential for annual production of 600,000 metric tons sulfate of potash (SOP) over 23 years from the reserves in its concession. The potash will be exported through the port of Tadjourah in Djibouti. Mayor Burkhard Jung, Mayor of Leipzig, twinned with Addis Ababa, said on Saturday (February 14) that he and his 110 strong delegation had a very successful three day visit to Addis Ababa last week. Mayor Diriba Kuma of Addis Ababa thanked Leipzig for its willingness to share experiences in housing development, road construction, education, health and technical and vocational education. Djibouti The Chief of the Djibouti Defense Forces, Major General Zakaria Sheikh, visited Belet Weyne, capital of Somalia‟s Hiiraan region, on Thursday (February 19) to see the work of the Djibouti troops serving with AMISOM. 2 Eritrea The United Nations Commission of Inquiry on Human Rights in Eritrea will visit Djibouti and Ethiopia between February 16 and 27, to hold meetings and collect testimonies and accounts of the human rights situation in Eritrea. The Commission is due to present a written report of its findings and recommendations to the Human Rights Council in June as well as report to the UN General Assembly in September. Eritrea attended last week‟s Ministerial Meeting on Maritime Safety and Security held in the Seychelles (February 8-9). The meeting was attended by representatives of the UN, COMESA, the Indian Ocean Commission, and ECOWAS as well as of the UK and the US, France, Greece, Australia, India, Germany, Spain and United Arab Emirates. Kenya Kenya is hosting the 16th Ordinary Summit of East African Community on Friday (February 20) attended by the leaders of Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda. The Summit is expected to approve the initiation of a constitution-making process and a road map for the regional bloc political federation as well as discuss negotiations for the admission of South Sudan and verify the application of Somalia for membership in the EAC. Somalia President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud returned to Mogadishu on Tuesday (February 17) after six days in Germany where he had been for medical check-up. He also had meetings with senior German officials during his visit. Two Somali regional airlines, Daallo Airlines and Jubba Airways, on Thursday (February 19) launched the African Airways Alliance which will be owned equally by the two organizations. They will continue to use their Jubba and Daallo brands names. The new airline plans to increase the number of destinations from 13 to 21 and expects to start flights to Addis Ababa, Kampala and airports in Yemen as well as Europe. South Sudan The IGAD-mediated talks between the warring parties are due to continue at the end of this week (February 20). This round is for the warring parties to agree on the outstanding issues for the formation of a Transitional Government of National Unity and power-sharing. The talks, following the signing of the agreement on “Areas of Agreement on the Establishment of the Transitional Government of National Unity (TGoNU) in the Republic of South Sudan” are expected to achieve finalization of a comprehensive peace agreement no later than March 5. (See article) Dr. Dlamini-Zuma, Chairperson of the African Union Commission, on Monday (February 16) called on the Governments of Sudan and South Sudan “to make renewed efforts to establish the Abyei Police Service, and Abyei administrative bodies” in line with the framework of the 20 3 June 2011 agreement. She looked forward to the early convening of the Abyei Joint Oversight Committee and reaffirmed the AU commitment to the work of the AU High-Level Implementation Panel (AUHIP). The Head of the UN Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) said on Tuesday that United Nations peacekeepers must continue to provide critical protection for civilians in South Sudan. Ms. Ellen Margrethe Løj, who is also the Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General for South Sudan, commended the efforts of the Second Ethiopian Battalion and UN civilian and military staff in maintaining the UNMISS mandate to protect civilians, both inside the UN camps and outside. The new Head of the United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA), Haile Tilahun Gebremariam, said on Tuesday (February 17), that he would encourage dialogue to move forward the still unimplemented agreement between Sudan and South Sudan signed on 20 June 2011 providing for the establishment of a new administration, a joint police force and withdrawal of armed forces by both sides. He also said he would encourage the Abyei Joint Oversight Committee (AJOC) to resume discussions. Information Minister, Michael Makuei Lueth, announced in Friday (February 13) that the Government would cancel the presidential elections scheduled for June 30 and extend the term of the government and parliament by two years, to July 9, 2017. (See article) Three rival factions of the ruling party of the Sudan Peoples‟ Liberation Movement (SPLM), the SPLM-in-Government, SPLM-in-Opposition and the SPLM-former detainees, signed another roadmap agreement last week, providing a timeframe for implementation of the agreement on reunification of the party signed in Arusha on January 21. Sudan President Omer Hassan al-Bashir of Sudan said on Wednesday (February 18) that Sudan was keen to lift existing bilateral relations, and most importantly its economic ties with Ethiopia, to a higher level.
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