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DR. KAJAL JETHANAND SADHWANI VOLUME I ISSUE I INFINITY JOURNALS ARTICLE 4. INFINITY JOURNAL DR KAJAL JETHANAND SADHWANI ABSTRACT A tribe could also be a social division during a standard society consisting of families linked by social, economic, religious, or blood ties, with a typical culture and dialect. A tribe possesses certain qualities and characteristics that make it a singular cultural, social, and political entity. Tribes are also known by the name ‘Adivasis’ in India.I chose to research about north eastern people and their difficulties which led my study to tribal people. TRIBES IN INDIA Constitution of India has recognized tribal communities in India under ‘Schedule 5’ of the constitution. Hence the tribes recognized by the Constitution are mentioned as ‘ Scheduled Tribes’. There are around 645 distinct tribes in India. However, during this text , we concentrate only on the most names. What draws India closer to an obscure and indifferent picture are the indigenous tribes. away from the contemporary trend and economical development, they own their identity as Adivasi having their own language, religion, festivals, cuisine, dance and music. With such an enigmatic culture and hospitality they also significantly hold a contrasting patriarchal and matriarchal society. The lively tableau of the tribal community in India stretches from the remote villages tucked within the Indian Himalayan region to southern – most tip of India AND from the farthest corner of North Malay Archipelago to the dunes of Rajasthan. The tribal population in India covers approximately 15% of the country and thus the bulk is found in central India. INFINITY JOURNAL The tribes of India constitute 8.2% of the whole population. Our country has the foremost important number of tribes as compared to the opposite country. There are a selection of groups of tribes. according to the Anthropological Survey of India, there are 461 tribal communities, out of which 174 were identify as sub- groups. 212 tribes are found in several parts of India. This community is split supported geographical location, languages, and race. BASED ON GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION – under this tribe of India are divided into 3 zones. North-eastern Zone- tribes from eastern Kashmir, eastern Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Assam, Uttar Pradesh falls during this zone. The aka, the Mishmi, the naga, and chulikta comes during this zone. Central Zone- tribes from Bihar, Bengal, Southern Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa fall under this zone. The konth, the Santhal, the Gond, the muria, and thus the baiga are available this zone. Southern Zone- Andhra Pradesh , Tamil Nadu , Karnataka, and Kerala fall under this zone. The toda, the chenchu, the Kadar and thus the koraga comes during this zone. From these zones, there's another zone that comes in Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The Jarawa, the Nicobarese, and thus the Andamanese fall during this zone. BASED ON LANGUAGE- 3 main groups fall during this classification. The Sino-Tibetan- the tribes from the North-Eastern zone comes during this group. Austric linguistic group- the tribes of the central zone belongs to this group. The Dravidian linguistic group- tribes from the southern zone belongs to this group. THE BASIS OF RACE- classification of tribes under this category mainly includes. The Mongoloid- tribes living in Himalayan regions belong to this group. The Australoid- tribes living in central India fall under this group. The Negrito- tribes of Andaman Island belongs to this group. MAJOR TRIBES IN INDIA: ARRANGED STATE-WISE Andhra Pradesh: Andh, Sadhu Andh, Bhagata, Bhil, Chenchus (Chenchawar), Gadabas, Gond, Goundu, Jatapus, Kammara, Kattunayakan, Kolawar, Kolam, Konda, Manna Dhora, Pardhan, Rona, Savaras, Dabba Yerukula, Nakkala, Dhulia, Thoti, Sugalis, Banjara, Kondareddis, Koya, Mukha Dhora, Valmiki , Yenadis, Sugalis, Lambadis. Arunachal Pradesh: Apatanis, Abor, Dafla, Galong, Momba, Sherdukpen, Singpho, Nyishi, Mishmi, Idu, Taroan, Tagin, Adi, Monpa, Wancho Assam: Chakma, Chutiya, Dimasa, Hajong, Garos, Khasis, Gangte, Karbi, Boro, Borokachari, Kachari, Sonwal, Miri, Rabha, Garo Bihar: Asur, Baiga, Birhor, Birjia, Chero, Gond, Parhaiya, Santhals, Savar, Kharwar, Banjara, Oraon, Santal, Tharu INFINITY JOURNAL Chhattisgarh: Agariya, Bhaina, Bhattra, Biar, Khond, Mawasi, Nagasia, Gond, Binjhwar, Halba, Halbi, Kawar, Sawar, Goa: Dhodia, Dubia, Naikda, Siddi,Varli, Gawda. Gujarat: Barda, Bamcha, Bhil, Charan, Dhodia, Gamta, Paradhi, Patelia, Dhanka, Dubla, Talavia, Halpati, Kokna, Naikda, Patelia, Rathawa, Siddi,Warli. Himachal Pradesh: Gaddis, Gujjars, Khas, Lamba, Lahaulas, Pangwala, Swangla, Beta, Beda Bhot, Bodh. Jammu and Kashmir: Bakarwal, Balti, Beda, Gaddi, Garra, Mon, Purigpa, Sippi, Changpa, Gujjar. Jharkhand: Birhors, Bhumij, Gonds, Kharia, Mundas, Santhals, Savar, Bedia, Ho, Kharwar, Lohra, Mahli, Parhaiya, Santal, Kol, Banjara. Karnataka: Adiyan, Barda, Gond, Bhil, Iruliga, Koraga, Patelia, Yerava, Hasalaru, Koli Dhor, Marati, Meda, Naikda, Soligaru. Kerala: Adiyan, Arandan, Eravallan, Kurumbas, Malai arayan, Moplahs, Uralis, Irular, Kanikaran, Kattunayakan, Kurichchan, Muthuvan. Madhya Pradesh: Baigas, Bhils, Bharia, Birhors, Gonds, Katkari, kharia, Khond, Kol, Murias, Korku, Mawasi, Pardhan, Sahariya. Maharashtra: Bhaina, Bhunjia, Dhodia, Katkari, Khond, Rathawa, Warlis, Dhanka, Halba, Kathodi, Kokna, Koli Mahadev, Pardhi, Thakur, Manipur: Naga, Kuki, Meitei, Aimol, Angami, Chiru, Maram, Monsang, Paite, Purum, Thadou, Anal, Mao, Tangkhul, Thadou, Poumai Naga. Meghalaya: Chakma, Garos, Hajong, Jaintias Khasis, Lakher, Pawai, Raba, Mikir. Mizoram: Chakma, Dimasa, Khasi, Kuki, Lakher, Pawi, Raba, Synteng, Lushai Nagaland: Angami, Garo, Kachari, Kuki, Mikir, Nagas, Sema, Ao, Chakhesang, Konyak, Lotha, Phom, Rengma, Sangtam, Odisha: Gadaba, Ghara, Kharia, Khond, Matya, Oraons, Rajuar, Santhals, Bathudi, Bathuri, Bhottada, Bhumij, Gond, Juang, Kisan, Kolha, Kora, Khayara, Koya, Munda, Paroja, Saora, Shabar, Lodha. Rajasthan: Bhils, Damaria, Dhanka, Meenas(Minas), Patelia, Sahariya, Naikda, Nayaka, Kathodi. Sikkim: Bhutia, Khas, Lepchas, Limboo, Tamang Tamil Nadu: Adiyan, Aranadan, Eravallan, Irular, Kadar, Kanikar, Kotas, Todas, Kurumans, Malayali, Telangana: Chenchus. Tripura: Bhil, Bhutia, Chaimal, Chakma, Halam, Khasia, Lushai, Mizel, Namte, Mag, Munda, Riang, Uttarakhand: Bhotias, Buksa, Jannsari, Khas, Raji, Tharu. Uttar Pradesh: Bhotia, Buksa, Jaunsari, Kol, Raji, Tharu, Gond, Kharwar, Saharya , Parahiya, Baiga, Agariya, Chero West Bengal: Asur, Khond, Hajong, Ho, Parhaiya, Rabha, Santhals, Savar, Bhumij, Bhutia, Chik Baraik, Kisan, Kora, Lodha, Kheria, Khariam, Mahali, Mal Pahariya, Oraon . Andaman and Nicobar: Oraons, Onges, Sentinelese, Shompens. TITLE The total population of Scheduled Tribes is 10.43 crore as per the Census 2011 which accounts for 8.6% of the whole population of the country. The share of the Scheduled Tribe population in urban areas could also be a meagre 2.8%. Madhya Pradesh, Maharastra, Orissa, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Andhra Pradesh , West Bengal , and Karnataka are the State having a much bigger number of Scheduled Tribes These states account for 83.2% of the whole Scheduled Tribe population of the country. Assam, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Jammu & Kashmir, Tripura, Mizoram, Bihar, Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu , accounting for a further 15.3% of the whole Scheduled Tribe population. The share of the remaining states / INFINITY JOURNAL Uts is negligible. The Scheduled Tribes in India form the foremost important proportion of the whole population in Lakshadweep and Mizoram followed by Nagaland and Meghalaya. Madhya Pradesh has the foremost important number of scheduled Tribes followed by Orissa. Bastar district of Chattisgarh consists of the foremost important number of Scheduled Tribes. There aren't any Scheduled Tribes in Punjab, Delhi, Chandigarh, Pondicherry, Haryana. In Lok Sabha, there is a reservation of seats for Scheduled Tribes. Here also census figures are taken into account . Allocation of seats for Scheduled Tribes within the Lok Sabha are made on the thought of the proportion of Scheduled Tribes within the State concerned thereto of the whole population, vide provision contained in Article 330 of the Constitution of India read with Section 3 of the R. P. Act, 1950. For Scheduled Tribes, 47 seats are reserved in Lok Sabha. the primary schedule to R. P. Act, 1950 as amended vide Representation of people (Amendment) Act, 2008 gives the Statewise hack Scheduled Tribes Article 366 (25) defined scheduled tribes as “such tribes or tribal communities or parts of or groups within such tribes or tribal communities as are deemed under Article 342 to be Scheduled Tribes for the requirements of this constitution”. Article 342 within the Constitution Of India 1949 Scheduled Tribes The President may with regard to any State or Union territory, and where it is a State, after consultation with the Governor thereof, by public notification, specify the tribes or tribal communities or parts of or groups within tribes or tribal communities which shall for the requirements of this Constitution be deemed to be Scheduled Traibes in regard to that State or Union territory, because the case could even be Parliament may by law include in or exclude from the list of Scheduled Tribes laid call at a notification issued under clause ( 1 ) any tribe or tribal community or a neighborhood of or group within any tribe or tribal community, but save as aforesaid
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  • Glossary on Scheduled Tribes Of

    Glossary on Scheduled Tribes Of

    CENSUS OF INDIA~ 1961 MADHYA PRADESH GLOSSARY ON SCHEDULED TRIBES OF MADHYA PRADESH Hy K. C. DUBEY, Deputy Superintendent, Census Operations, Madhya Pradesh. 1969 In ,the '1961 Census it was origina11y proposed to prepare ethnographic notes on all the principal Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes of Madhya Pradesh. Some work had been done in this direction and notes on some tribes were also prepared. However, for various reasons the project on ethnographic notes could not be completed. We in the State Census Office thought that whether or not the ethnographic notes are prepared, compilation of a glossary on Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes would be" very useful to all concerned. It 'will' show the population for all Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and synonymous groups li'sted in the Sche.duled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Li.sts (Modification) Order, 1956 which information is not available in the Census publications and it will help to briefly introduce all such Scheduled Caste s, Scpeduled Tribe s and synonymous groups. 'l'he glossary, it was thought, would be more welcome to general administration thrul the detailed ethnographic note s. Thus, the preparation of glossary on Scheduled Tribes was taken in hand in 1963 ~~d it was eompleted in 1964. Because of various other·pre-occupations a similar glossary on Scheduled Castes could not be prepared. 'The g1.ossar~' prepared at the State Census Office was submitted to the Social Studies Section of the ~1Jin- cl . Registrar General. It was scrutinised there and the suggestions received from the Registrar General were incorporated in the glossary.