Introduction

32157 00252 2209 INTRODUCTION

Because_there is a substantial amount of material of historical interest in the area surounding Bergholz proper, this account will include not only Bergholz but will also make reference to events, settlements and porsons in the nearby outlying arca.

The macerial found in this volune was gathered from old history

texts, non-fiction historical novels, fanily histories, news articles and personal interviews.Due to the fact that a ceriain amount of our pioneer history was passed from generation to gencration “by word of mouth,” there may oceasionally be a discreptancy between this account and othor stories with whieh the reader is familiar. In gathering this material these differences did arise and in these instances the author hus entered intothis account what was b lieved to bo tho most accurate version. Any omissions which have oceurred in the preparation of this text

were due to oversight rather than intent. It is hoped that your enjoyment in reading this test is equal Lo the authors enjoyment in compiling il. In the words of Dr. RobertWilson Schilling, “Whatever is recomled is preserved; Whatever is remen- bered i Tost,””

DEDICATION

This book is dedicated to_the spirit of those early pioncers who oven in the midst of hardship could thankfully reflect . . .

“Grain and a mill o grind it, maple suger and o lasses - vegetables of il kinds (o satisly tho everyday wants and no thristing for luxuries - good heallh and everyhody contented and happy.” Taken from the Crabbs Family History- Written in 1883

May we renew our faith this hicentennial year and move thought- Tully inw the faure with much the samo spirit as those carly pionecr forofuthers, who seled this aren nearly 200 yoars ago. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The author wishes o especially thank Eleanor Elliott, for her work in compiling material for Chapior V' and Mary C. Crim for her help in gothering matorial so that this book could bo written. Special thanks is also duc the following persons who were particularly helpful. Elsie Crabbs Ethel Lodge Myrtle Gordon John Speicher Majorie Koscho Harland Jackman Jean Manrod Ralph and Maxine McBane Ken and Charlotte Carson Mabel Casey Esqueline Griffith Betiy Stowart Dr. A, Eileen Cozar. ‘The author also wishes Lo thank the Bergholz Junior Women's Club, who mede the publication of this hook possible.

CHAPTER |

Settling The Yellow Creek Country CHAPTER 1 Settling The Yellow Creek Country cingficld township was the first civil township carved out of the

original five and was set off by the County Commissioners on De- mber 6, 1504 It then included Brush Creek, Ross and half of Salem Township, about one-seventh of Harrison County and half of Carroll, large enough to make a small county in itself. The first clection was held al the housc of David Lyon in East Springfield, commonly called the Gillis settlement. The rugged character of the country brought settlors slowly, and e doep, dark ravines furnished conveniont. Iairs for wild animals

after they had retired rather generally from other paris of the county. John Kirk, who came here about 1813, related that wolves would approach within n few stops of the farmhouse and make night hid ous with their howlings. One cvening after dark as he was coming home he heard & noise in a thicket and started his dog in that, dir cetion. A pack of wolves stated up and tho pursuors bocame the pursucd. Tle roached his cabin, which fortunately was close by but nover found & trace of the dog. which was ovidenily devoured by ki wild progenitors. What is now Brush Creck Township, Jeflerson County, Ohio, was very slowly settled because its rough hill-land, doop, narrow valleys and scrub oak soil were nol a favorable drawing card to early ploncer farming. For some yoars, hunting, “boiling salt” and “stilling” were the main business altractions in chis uninviting region. Later wheat raising hecame a considorablo farming industry and in the early 1900°s grazing and stock raising became important. When finally settled, those south of Chesnut Ridge wore mostly rugged Irish in ancestry and those settling north of this ridge were predominently thrifty Scoteh. Both groups brought with ther: muny of their homeland customs, but socially kept as scparate as sheep and goats - having only one trail in common - & love and taste for rye whiskey. While the Scots had a regular interval between *“Nips of the jolly water,” the ruddy Irish “swigzed” on the demijohn wniil this “nectar of the Gods” was entirely gone and he could prove the fact by turning the little jug upside down and *‘not another drap come out of it.” When drink got the hest of judgnent, ho often strayod off his own clearing (o exerciso his fists, per- teetly satisficd howevor the rumpus ended. Owing to the lack of roads and sparceness of taxpaying settlers, the early tax collectors practically refused to make their aanual visits o Brush Creek because the collection was hardly worth the offort. The main and most important reason was that many of these setilors had ardent objections o taxiation, Maving lived in

Wostorn Pennsyivania during the “‘Whiskey Rebellion," they had found that often fists would speak betior for them than (ongues could ever dare. Both county officials and tax collectors awaited ) the day when they could wish the Brush Creek country off on somo other unsuspecting county. It was nearly 80 yoars howover, before Columbiana County’s prayors were answered and Brush Crook’s transfer to Jefferson County was quickly agreed to with the forvent, wishes that this wild land would permancnly jurisdietion, stay under its now Among the early Brush Creck sottlers was Martin Adams, o bache- lox who bought his farm from the government in 1803, moving there on March 25, 1806. He was a justice of the peace and also donatod the land for & school (1) “and the Ghestnut Grove Church and cem~ etery, Adams ran a mill and distillery and accumulated a large fortune which was scattered at his death among impatient and dis- satisfied legatees. Martin Adams came to Lhik aron not of his own volition, but in an effort to seck safe haven Irom being arrested by federal officers for his loo energetic participation in the Whiskey Rebellion of Western Ponnsylvania, Adams prime fault was boing on the wrong side of that historical i ssue in 1794, Ross Township, named in honor of James Ross, was laid off by the County Commissioners in 1812, The area lies to the north of Salem and cast of Springfield, the northern hall being rough and hilly, and the southern part a good farming section. Before 1800 and os late as 1805 “‘squatters™ built cabins on Yellow Creek, subsisting on game and fish and as salt was @ product of this region, these “‘squatters” had little troublo securing merchandise needed by them in barter for this mineral. These salt springs were also noticed by the very earliost settlers on Yellow Creek; and when the goverment surveys wore made Section 84 was rotained as public land, containing valuable eral. min- Among the first permanent settlers were: Thomas George, Allen Speedy, Arthur Latimer, Stephen Cue, Ludowich Hardenbrook, dosoph. Elliott, William Scott, John Larquhar, Henry Crabbs, Josoph Reed, lsaac Shane, Thomas Bay, Mordecai Moore, “Daddy Dixon, Robert Bambill, John McEliery, Alex Johnston, William Grimes and Captain Allen Henry Grege. Tho governimwnt retention of Section 54 however, did not ‘prevent the settlors from utilizing the springs in tho manufacture of salt, which was then worth $8 2 bushel in the Ohio Valley. Henry Danicls in 1802 erected a small furnace for boiling the salt water. He sunk o hollow sycamore log in an upright position at the spring, and from this the salt water was dipped into the boiling kettlos, producing about threo bushols (Msce Chapter V, Tall Tales and True “The Tndoctrination of Martin Adams” 6

Jutge Thomas George Henry Crabs per day, @ erude process certuinly, bul profitable at the then pre- vailing prices. Wood was used for fuel in these fumaces, but about 1820 coal was substituted hy Mordecai Moore, and the salt water was pumped into a_reservoir and conducted by means of wooden pipos back to the bIuf whero the fuel was obtained. Howover, the

supply from the spring was limited and the brine was weak. Con- sequently, (he product was not nearly equal Lo the demand. At this

juncture; John Peterson, an ex-torritorial constable conceived the idew of boring a well. The facilities were very poor, the work being done by hand, assisted by a spring pole. But perscverance pre- vailed and at n dopth of 500 feet a flow of salt water was struck ““strong enough (o carry an egg.” Other wells followed and 2 plenti- ful supply was obtained. In the meantime Mr. Moore substituted shallow pans for evaporating tho water, superseding the old ketlos, and carried on business for & number of years until competition al other points made it unprofitable. Mr. Moore’s works wore not all in Scction 34, he later moved o o Scction 25 where he founded what was known as Moore’s Sall Works or Moorctown, although the word “town™ must bo used hero

in @ very restricted sense. Here Stephen Coe, in 1805, erected the first grist mill in the township and Roberl George kept tho first Store in 1835, Township clections were held at the residence of Henry Crabs until 1850 and afterward at school house No. 3. Wil- liam Scoll acted as first Justice of the Peace. Robert George, a native of the (ownship, hom March 9T, 1806, not only hegan the first store in the lownship at Moorelown in 1825, butalso loft an enduring landmark to his name by erecting @ gray sandstone monument in 1871, at a cost of $700, 1o the memory of the soldiers of Ross Township who lost their lives in the war of rebollion. In addition o the grist mill, general store and salt

‘The Monument and Gannon at Mooretown ‘Carl Casey (right) and William Twaddle (left) works, Mooretown also had a sizable spring house, which the Georges made available to the community for refrigeration, a hlack- smith =hop, also owned by the Georges, which was made available o0 a rental basis to various blacksmiths, a schoolr o United Proshyterian and later Methodist Church, tho services of a photo- graphor named Owen and later a checse factory owned by the Amstuz family @ featuring Swiss Choose. Distilling formented geain into whiskey was also a very profitable business. in those carly days and Thomas George, who became & very prominent man in Jeflerson County and was elected a Judge in 1816, operated one of the largest, distilleries in Jefferson County. Mooretown remainod a small but relatively stable community into the carly 1900's. However, as the older families passed on and the young failed (o rewra hore 1o seutle, the docline of the sottlo- mont was inovitable, The original post office designation for this arew was Moore’s Salt Works, Ohio. This was later changed to Pravo and remained so until the coming of rural free delivery. The following is a more intimate account of early piorcer life in our arca taken from an original handwritten hisiory compiled in 1853 by the son of the carly pioneer, Henry Crabs. From this account one surmises thl it is easier (o recount the luxurics of carly pioncer life than the privations. Indeed, privations wore the order of the day. Money beihg scarce, all trading was done for an cquivalent in produce. Flax and tow linon were articles of trade as well as wheal and other grain. Children wore clothed in homespun and tho fect were not. always clad. In thoso days, wheat was placed on horseback in a 3 bushel sack and Useo Ghagter 111 - Schoo! Duys (20, mstut, was o » Borgholz Marshall for 21

1898 Flaod at Mooretown, George's Store in the foreground. packed 9 or 10 miles. There, one bushel of wheat would he traded for 1 pound of coffec or 1 yard of Calico. Coffee once a week for the oldor folks

hogs. The indians having forsaken their old hunting grounds were not much dreaded. Only one made his appearance. This large, frindly indian occassionally made his appearance with his dog, gun, tom. ahawk and butcher knife. He called himself Jack Helison and Mother Crabs always gave him his dinner as he passed. Ho always ate with his own knife and wiped it carefully on the back of his big, brown dog when finished. Duting this time, the couniry was being improved and neighbors were increasing.” Boring for salt had proved to be a successful venture. Adding to the comforts of the inhabitants and forming an article of irade and increasing wealth. The fame and novelty of the saluworks attracted the attention of many to Yollow Creck. Some from curiosily and others as lahorers. Meanwhile, Thomas George and Henry Crabs labored together to organize a congregation of Scceders. Early servicos were held in private homes, barns, or oceassionally in a tent erectod for that purpose. During the pastorate of John Donaldson (1823-1833) a brick church was built on a lot procured from Stewart McClave. This Church later burned and the present frame Mooretown Church 1) was U.P. erected. Proceeding downhill from the Mooretown

Mooretowm U, P. Church Wsee Chaptor IV, Foundations o

U.P. Church, the Methodist Church was founded in 1847 and the building erected in 1851, Evantually the congregation disbanded and the church was dismantled and rebuilt on Estelle Avenuo in Steubenville, Ohio, and covered with perme-stone, The cemetery however, is still evident at the site of the Methodist Church at. Mocretown. Before the days of widespread commercial manufactuting, overy woll maneged and indusirious household was a manufaoturing establishment. Flux was proparod from tho sced through all the different manipulations of plowing, sowing, pulling, Spreading for watering, lifting, threshing, breaking, scutching, hackling, spinning, weaving and making up. Weaving was not done in every house, but where it was done, it was porformed by the female members of the family and especially when that sex predominated in mumbers. The young man who found & wife in one of those manufacturing establishments generally considered himself fortunate indeed. Pioncer life, though admittedly difficult, was also not without a cortain oloment of charm, romance and humor at least when view-

ed by future generations. The following brief accounts of the first trial in Know Township, the story of the two sisters and Grand- mother’s Story are illustrative.

The Moore family, in those carly days, often accepted tho ro- sponsibility of entertaining the Methodist minister for Sunday dinner. On such an occasion, the Rey, Thomas Taylor was their guost. and he made the acquaintance of Olive Moore. As time went y, his feclings for Olive grew and evontually he asked for her hand in marriage. Olive’s father howevor, oxplained to the Rev. Taylor that Olive could not be spared.” Though greatly disap- poinied, both Olive and the Rev. Taylor accepted her father’s decision and went their separate ways in life. Olive continued to obediently care for her aging parents and somewhat fragile sister Mary and the Rov. Taylor moved on to a new ministry. Years later their paths again crossed. The Rev. Taylor, having raised a fanily, was now a widower and Olive (0o was alone, Her parents were gone and her sister Mary had also died the provious year. Again tho Rev. Taylor asked for her hand in marriage and this time his request was granted. They spent several happy years together before Olive was laid (o rest beside her sister Mary in the Mooretown Cemetery. A Socond story of romance begins in Ireland, where one John Kean (sometimes spelled Kane) son of o nobleman, fell in love with the daughter of a well-to-do peasant farmer. Due (o the opposition (0 the marriago by both familics, the young couple eloped. After some time, Jobn decided to set sall for America, loaving his wife and children in the care of his family, who had since 1 S reconciled themselves to the marriage. Only seven days out to sea, the ship was pursued, captured and plundered by the pirates. John however, was able Lo escape the ship which the pirates later sank. John eventually made his way o the colonics and to Pitts: burg. Unable o make contact with his family in his four yoar ahsence, he now wrote to a cousin in County Down and asked him o find Mary

Mary now made plans (o journey to America, taking her four ycar old" son with her and leaving her two girls in the caro of their grandparents. Upon her arival in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Mary begged the loader of n caravan of Merchani wagons going to Pittsbucg t0 take hor with them. “Impossible.”” They answered, “we're already overloaded.” Finally one answered her pleas and ngreed to take her and the child if she would agreo to walk up all the hills. Mary gladly accepted and walked up all the hills between Philadelphia and Piltshure. Upon her areival in Pittshurg, Mary was able o locate John through the Postmaster. He was now in Cannonshurg, a distanco of 33 milos. Mary slept only a few hours hefore starling her journcy 1o Cannonsburg on foot. They stopped o rost froquently and Mary sometimes had (o carry her four year old child on her back and her luggage under her arm. She arrived in Cannonsburg at dusk. After scitling in Cannonsburg for a short while, John and Mary learned thal an Associale Presbyterian Church was being or-

ganized in Jofferson County, so they decided o omigrate. John found the desired neighborhood at Mooretown with its newly organized church. He entered farm within its procincts and built a cabin with the help of his kindly neighbors. Mary eventually had_twelve children, cloven of whom grew to maturity. She died at the age of 97 and was buried in the little cometory at Scroges- field where her husband had beon buried 21 years before. More than 200 teams followed Mary’s remains to the tomb, demonstra- ting the wonderful influence her living had imported. The third story, taken from Shillings YELLOW CREEK STORIES, is a hilarious wecountof the first trial in Knox Township. In the autumn of 1795, a bald-headed, bowhiskerod Scotchman by the name of Dancan McBane brought a suit ageinst one Michacl Bannan for selling the farmer a horse guaranteed “'to be sound, safe and woll broke,” but later the Scot found the horse to be moon-cyed - ot able to sec al cerlain times - hence be brought suit for his money in Justice Wells Court. The dey of the hearing proved to be the first snow fall of the, season, and people walked and rode from all directions (o hoar the case come to trial in November, 1198, Excitomont ran high, expecially as two nationalities wera involved: a perfectly legil- imate question was up for solution, and people craved this sort 12 of mental relaxation - helped strongly to gain weight by many nips from the jugs of *“joy water.” By the time Justice Wells called his cabin court room to order, there had already been several fights and the Scotch constable

was threatenod so many times for interfering in the brawls that he was almost afraid to act. They all crowded into the cabin. The Irish being in the majorily, ok the choice locations, evon up among the log rafters. The only fueniture in his pioncer court room was o shoemakers bench and throo stools. Judge Wells sat on the middle stool, while the plainliff and defendant sai on_ the others, all facing the crowd. Bannan told his story and the whole

audicnce listened, but when McBane bogan to (ell his story his bld head was the largel (o piteh buckeyes at. About overy fivo words that his burring tongue told, o buckeye glanced from his head much fo the amusement of the crowd. Al last MeBano's temper gol. the hesL of him. Swinging his fists, he hit an innocen, by-stander, who floored him with a complimentary swing on the chin. Justice Wells ordered the constable to remove the chief Irish cul- prit from the rafters, bup the formor demanded help to pry the big Irishman from the heavy rafters, as he was the strongost man present. Four other Scoich counirymen were deputized and they pulled the troublemaker down, amid an uproar of laughter and a hail of buckeyes, when the Irishman belloved out, “I pay me taxes. T demand me rights due any sober mon who kapes the paco. Be jabbors I'll fight for me rights, thatT will sez 1" “What's that! What are you saying,” said the ruffled Judgo. “I say, I pay me tases, an have me rights like any dacent mon, so long as I kape the pace; and I'm not afearcd of any mon this coorl pecks Lo stop me.”

“Contempt of court,” shouted the Justice,” pul him in jaill”> “But we *ave no jail, yore Honor.” ““Thon take him outside! Go, him outt””

The latter course was followed, and the courl rom was coptied all expected 1o sce a fight (o the finish, but the Scotch constable s0on came cunning back saying, ET it plazes the coort, the consicoble toombled on a lomb of a. tree, and fell doon, and when he couldna get to his fate, the presoner was runnin’ likea seairt doer,”

“What, escaped from you!" shouted the Juslice. “Then sunmon a. posse comitatus and pursuc the escaped prisoner to his domicilo.” “The what. The Pussy - The Pussy come lat us Aweel! Whatovor itis, Pm for it.”

And by this time a well placed ear slug put the Scot on his back, the source not known, bul result cortain. He was temporarily out of business. Just then a travolor, also excited, stopped al this court and told of seeing a fresh bear track in the snow in a nearby hollow.As old Duncan McBane, the plaintiff, could not he found, the whole group agreed Lo go and trail the bear Lo its den and take out the price of ils hide in refreshments at a nearby tavern. Thus ended the first court trial in original territorial Knox Township.

The miners held their meetings on the second foor of Smyth's Hardware, The picture was taken at the residence located on First Street above Smyth's Hard Ware after & meeting of the Goat Hill miners, probably when the mine operated a5 2 cooperative mine in the late 1920°s. Some of the men platued: Chuck Cobum, Harve Morow, Lo Davis, Panti Watkins, Claude Green, Henry Eynon, Ray Wallaoe, Andy Nosal, Delmer Froed, John Amstutz, Sr., Jim Moore, John Eynon, “Mousie” Morgan, Evan Grffith, Walt Leake, Staniey Merin, Chuck Watkins, Del Johnson, Howard Williams, Scottic Wilson, Jim McBane “Home. stead” Jack Davis, Moris Eynon, Turk Heflin, Jim Hackithom.

11 CHAPTER Il

Bergholz Grows Up And Goes To Work

L The History Mines IV, Cormunity Inprovements V. Organizations and Anccdotes

[EARLY HISTORY

014 Ml - Nebo

Naurice and Chvistina Hess

Nebo Sta Comet Band. 16

1. THE HISTORY The hamlet of Nebo, which the indians originally c Skillet, was settlod approximately 170 years ago by James Allmon, who selected thie spot on upper Yellow Creek in Jefferson County and built a sawnill and o grist mill early in the 1800°s.) He opened a farm and in 1820 built the first brick house in the neighborhood. Ile was united in marriage to Anna Preston who boro him the following children: William, Preston, Mary and John. Allmon_continued his milling business in Nebo until his death. Following Mr. Allmons death, his wife later married Mr. Allen, o small store keoper. Allen apparently continued the mill and a Willian Ruddicks kept & small store. These in addition to a post office and three or four dwellings made up the small community. By 1876 the post office had disappearcd, and only the mill and store kept # semblance of lifo about. the place. But litile rail-

road, the Lake Erie, Alliance and Western was crecping down that. way and conl operators and speculators were at work, A large mine waz opened on the opposite side of the crook namod aftor Mrs. Bergholz, onc of the owners. The railroad after passing varied

financial stringencios was oxtonded through the torritory o Am- sterdam and Dillonvale and on October 24, 1883, James Kelly, Moreis J. Tess and Christina Hoss platied a town on the opposite side of the creek, containing 156 Tols 60 x 100 ool and called it Bergholz. The town was formed from the Allen, Hess and Dorrance Farms. The Domance addition was recorded March 1, 1904 and on August 6, 1906 the town was incorporated. Old Nebo was absorbed and the petitioners gave the number of inhabitanis in the new town at 1200, Ham Salisman started a wagon maker shop and the Berghol State Bank was organized with & capitol of $15,000. As carly as 1586, Bergholz had become o thriving litde community with a railrond, minos and tho salt works east of town. Many of

the better houses in lown wore built by the carpenters Fizher

Robbins, Sanuel M. and William Dorrance. Businesses scemed to multiply’ during the carly decades and it is roporicd that in 1910 ono could buy bread at 12 difforent locations in town. IL. THE BUSINESSES One of the curliest businesses established was the Robbins Fu- neral Tome, in 1876, on Third Strect by J. Fisher Robbins. Mr. Robbins, a carpenter by trade, look over the business in 1875 in {40 information differs from bt fousd in Dole’s HISTORY OF JEFFES COUNTY. Ttowever, since this isfomalion was Laken from the Allmon Family Histary, i is bolioved more accutate. 213 Allon was the first medicnl dactor in this area. Ile was bom in 1815, dicd in 1871 and was cducated al Keanklin Collesse, New Athens, Ohio, 17

satisfaction of a bad debt. Thus bogan 95 years of sorvice to the community by the Robbins Family. Following the death of J. Fisher Robbins(1 in 1947, the businoss was continued by his sons Herman and W, Clayton Robbins until 1970. Me. Robbins had many interesting stories (o tell about the “‘good 0ld days” when all preparation of bodies was done in the home. ““Keeping them on ioe” wasn't just a phrase then, the bodies, before embalming became mandatory, were placed in a casket on the “shelf”” with ice underncath. Embalming soon hecame mandatory and all funeral directors and embalmers had to be licensed. The eldor Robbins took the necessary schooling and received one of the earliest licenses in the state. The Robbins family, including the father, J. Fisher and his sons J. Herman and W. Clayton Robbins, also owned the first motor funeral car in this part of the state. Built in Ravenna with a wooden body, the car was callod into service for many funerals through out the arsa which were conducted by directors not lucky to have o *horseless carriage.” enough The business was closed in 1970 upon the retirement of J. Herman Robbins at tho age of 86. Othor early businesses established in the late 1800’ included the first drug store, located at the corner of Washington and Third Street by James S. Nesbitt. Mr. Nosbiti continued operation at this location from the late 1680°s until the latler.part of the 1930’s when the sales lax was starled. Mr. Nesbite then closed, stuting that he refused to be a tax collector for the stato. A second Pharmacy was oponed in 1892 on Second Street by . G. Carson, which was in operation until 1847 selling paint, and school supplies in addition to pharmacutical needs. Mr. Carson was not only a longtime Bergholz businessman, but also the Mayor for 25 yoars. During one clection in the early 1920’s ““the Carson kids" decided to do a little campaigning for Sam. Their sister Boss mado a sign which read “vote for Sam and let 'er rip”. The kids carried the sign around town and Sam was re-clected. Second Street was also the site of the town’s oldest hotol, The Eagle, operated by one Peter McBain. A livery and foed wero con- nocted with the " hotel and rates were listed as $1.00 per day. William and Mary Kelly later operated the business in 1916, which burmed William McClave also oporated & livery stablo in the late 1800’ &t the comer of Washington and Sccond Stweet which was within easy access o tho towns other two hotels, which were estab. lished at the turn of the century. The Star Hotel, whose owners {1Me. Pisher Robbins . % years collcetod hin owa 52,000 Life Insurance Policy, which had been insued in 1893, from the Mutual Rencrit lusurance Co. 18

'BERGHOLZ STREETS

Comer of Washinglon Avenue and Second Street- Emic Lodge Driv- ing Moore’s wagon.

Third Street Fourth Steoet have included Charley Johnson, Tde Jacknan McLaughlin, Charley McClave, Jennie McClave, and Elsic Russ, was located to the left and ‘somewhatbehind McClave's livery. The other hotel was @ the right of McClave’s livery in the large home currenily cupied by Myrtle Gorden. McClave continud the livory until the 1920s and tho Star Hotol, serving up (o 200 meals in ono day in its prime, was later converted into apariments and continued operation through the 1930’s. A Mr. Bergholz for whom the town is roportedly named, often stayed ai the Siar Hotel in Room 2. Burt Rush began his blacksmith shop in the late 1800 on. Jef- ferson Avenue where the Christian Chureh Parsonage is now located, continuing here until appeoximately 1930. Harry Walker, similarly ostablished a drey wagon service which ho continued for 40 years until the closing of the railroad station in the carly 30°s. A Mr. Fawcett also conducted a droy wagon service, though little else is known of him.

Two other liveries wera present in town at the turn of the century. One, Tast operated by Maurico Boyd in 1914, was on First Strect bohind the present Assembly of God Church and another was located near the comer of Sccond and Jefferson where the Allmon Store Building was latet localed, by John Thomas - brother of Mr. John Hawk. Three genoral stores and a weat market, in addition fo an insurance and real estate husiness were also bogun in tho lato 150075, Heidy's, Roscoe Smyth and the Moore Brothers went into business in the early 1890°s. The Smyth Hardware was located on § Lincoln Streot betwoen First and Second Streots. In addition o gencral merchandise, the store offered a complete line of hardware. Mr also smarc drummer in o local band and had the habit wearing & large pockel wateh, which he once creditod with saving his life. During a robbery attempt, Smyth was shol by one of the bandits and believed he would have hoen killed had it not boen for the watch. As a result of the wound howcyer, hi health was never good after the incident. The store closed in 1936. In 1895 (he Heidy Siore was opened on Fourth Strcet carrying mmocories, notions and other general merchandisc. \rs. Hoidy c tinuod the store after her husbands death in 1902, for o large number of years. The Moore Brothers, P.A. and Mord, al=o opened in the early 18905 carrying a line of general merchandise in addition to Fur- niture and groceries. The brothers operated the store from 1593 to 1903. The Moore operation ceased in 1923, though the busines: was leased to others for a few years. A Banking Company was also located within thoir same building on Third Streel until 1903 when the Berghol Bank was organiz 20

In 1896 Jim Marshall started o meat market in a small building on Washiagton Street. He also peddied meal from house to house in @ horse drawn wagon and in 1904 Mr. Marshall, known as Jim “Butch”, huilt the combined house and market on the corner of Washington Avenue and Second Sirecl. This ostablishment was known as the City Meat Market. His son Hamy Marshall joined him in the business for a timo and in 1912 he was joined by Clark MeLain. The only business established in the late 1800’ and still in operation today is the McBane Insurance Agency. McBane Brothers A. G. and James founded an insurance and real cstate business in the late 1800s. The office was originally lovated in tho A. G. McBane rosidence on Socond Streel which fater became the location of the Bergholz State Bank and is presently the residence of Jim Booth. In 1900 James McBane took over the Insurance Businoss, and tho office was moved to its prosent location whon Jamos McBane became manager of the Borgholz Telophone Company in 1910. He continued (o operate the Insurance Business along with the Tele- phone Company until the Telephone Company was sold Mr. McBane was joined in the Inswrance Business b Ralph McBane in 1935 and Ralph was later joined by bi on Jim McBane in 1962, In 1974 Dale Featheringham joined the firm and ocstablished Featheringham Realty, adding real estate to the services offored. The decades 1900 - 1910 saw another substantial crop of new businesses developed. Not until 1900 did the people of Bergholz and the vicinity have telephone service, AL that time a fow pro- grossive citizens of Mooretown constructed a line connecting James George’s store with the Bergholz Depot. In April, 1802, the organized and lines were con- Bergholz. Telephone Company was structed_connecting Borgholz, Am sterdam, East Springfield and Sulineville, and getting long distance service through East Spring- field to Steubenville and through Salineville to exchanges of the United States Telephone Company linos. In June of the = car, the company was incorporated by W. E. and L. ¥. Steinmotz, A. G. and James McBane, Dr. J. W. and 8. G. board of A. G. McBane. In 1902 the was installed in the rosidence Scroggsfield Telephane Company and the Bergbol . Telephone Com- name of the Borgholz Telephone Compuny pany merged under the with K. A. McLaughlin as gonoral manager. Soon after this con- a line was constructed to Carrollton., Carrollton ox- solidation change subseribers numbered 107 at this time and the only outside comnection was through Bergholz and Salineville. Under Mr. McLaughlin’s management, lines were extended und oxchanges established in Norristown, Augusta, Perrysville, New Harrisburg

Waynosburg and Magnolia. During 1905 a linc was built to Malvern and in 1907 extended Lo Osnaburg, comnecting with the Stark Telophone Company. This gave Carrollion direct connections with Canton and by giving long distance service Lo points north and west proved very advantageous. R. A. McLaughlin dicd in 1909. In 1910 James McBane was elected general managor. Under his caroful leadership, the business grow rapidly. By 1915 over 500 subscribers received service from the local ‘exchange. At this time company lines ran from Wintorsville to almost, Canton, covering most of Carroll County, a good portion of Jofferson and parts of Stark and Columbizna County. The businoss was sold in 1928. The Borgholz State Bank was organized and opened in 1903 on Second Skroot, in a section of the residence of A. G. McBano, which had proviously housed a clothing business fourdod in 1896. On March 1, 1957 the bank moved Lo its new quarters. The Richmond Branch office was opened May 6, 1968 and in January, 1972 tho Bergholz State Bank was absorbed by the Citizens pany of Salineville. Banking Com- During its 72 year history, the bank has been robbed only once, that incident occurring on Thursdey aftornoon, May 18, 1950 at 1:15. One Nick Mavromatis and his companion Frank Hilldore entered the bank and ordored the president, R. D. George to put monoy in a paper shopping bag. The robbers also demandod money from ‘the vault but George explained that it was controlled by & time mechanism, As the men drove away at a moderate rate of speod in a 1049 Ford, Mrs. Edith Martin, clerk of tho bank, rushed to the door and caught the license number as the car pulled away Roy Turvey, a rural mail carrier, had noted the car turning toward Salineville. Road blocks were hustily thrown up in a wide radius around Bergholz and the pair were apprehended at 1:45 on Routo 213 in New Somerset. The leot, totaling ST52 was rocovored the shopping hag. in Also organized and oponed in 1808 was the Gorden Buggy and Hamess Shop. Located on Third Street at the site of Bergholz's first school, Earnest Gordon later built, the garage near the coror of Fourth and Jefforson currently owned by Palmers, whoro he sold Studobakers and Fords. Meanwhile his brother J. C. Gorden re- modeled the school turnod buggy shop and opened a furniture store The furniture store closod with Mr. Gordons death in 1945. Potar- sons and Freeds also roportedly oporated business at this location. It is interesting to note thul the fitst Sunday papers sold in Bergholz werc said to have been sold here. Because thoy were sold on Sunday, many persons would not buy them at first, How- ever, the majority later rationalized that since the paporé wore printed on Saturday it was all right to buy them on Sunday! 22

The Robbins Hardware was opened in 1904 by Fisher Robbins on the comer of Second and_ Jofforson whero Sensibsughs Ros- taurant is currently located. Upon Mr. Robbins death in 1947, the husiness was taken over by hi sons and continued until the death of Clayton Robbins in April, 1966. Prior to the Robbins Hardware,

a William Kean had also operated a hardware store ai this location. Horo tho First Proshyterian Church servicos wero also held in the upstairs of the store. On_the opposite comer of Second and Jefferson (same side) in a building constructed by Ed Crabbs, Max Lieberman and Jacob Mandel opened the Excelsior Clothing Store in 1906. In 1916 Mr. Mandel moved to Cleveland. Mr. Licbernan continued the storo until 1924 when the husiness was sold to D. J. Carson who operated the business for several years. Mr. Lichermon also moved o Cleveland. 1907 saw the oponing of Slatos Bargain Stor on Third Stroet in the building which was later to become Robbins Casket Housc. A now store was built across the alley in 1916-17 and continued in operation until it was closed in 1954, \r. Slates died Fobru- ary 23, 1959, Bergholz also had & number of Photo Studios in those early days. One was reportedly located on Washinglon Streel called the Pic- ture Gallery in the upstairs of the Maggie Wright Juckman property. John Graham was the proprictor of the picture studio, while Connic Wright Dunlap operated & custom made hat and dress shop down. stairs. Another photo shop was reportedly located on Fourth Street. where the Telephone Company Building now stands and a third

photo studio was located on Jefferson Avenue next o the Gay Soyth property.

On Second Street in the early 1900°s both Retta Griffith and Mrs. Hewitt operated Hat Shops. Mrs. Griffiths shop was located in the D. A, Griffith Yard Goods Store until about 1915 and Mrs. Hewitl operated her shop on what is now the site of the Trinity U. P. Church parking lot. Her daughter Olive also gave music les-

sons. Bello Maplo also oporated a Millinery Shop on Third Street about 1910. The D. A. Griffith Yard Goods Shop was taken over about 1920 by his nephew Thurman Critser and the store closed in the 1930°s. Katie McMasters, who had her shop at the comer of First Sireet and South Lincoln Avenue, was also a well known

dressmaker in the community. Also located on Third Street was the Geisinger Genoral Slore, opencd in the early 1900°s and closed out about 1910, This store roportedly featured unusual shopping bags for a time with a siiling face on ono sido and a frowning face on the other, giving the shop- per the opportunity to silently convey his frame of mind to all he et on the walk hom 2

Othor grocery and food shops opened in the early 1900°s included T. H. Elliolt’s at the corner of Second and Monroe featuring groceries, candy and noveltics. The store was last operated by Vora Elliowt McLaughlin and was closed in late 1950. The site is the cureent location of Gallaher's Barber Shop, Another Elliott, (W. T.) who was a cattle buyer and also later dealt in automohiles, opened a butcher shop on Jefferson Avenue betwoen Second and Third Streets. Because there were two Bill Elliolts in town at that time, W. T. was known as “Caule Bill.” Speaking of things to eat, Turvey opened a bakery in Bergholz in 1910 on the south side of Second Street. They continuod the businoss here until 1929 when John Poplin taok over the bakery. Turvey’s also later operated u swre by toeir homo on the norih sido of Second Sireet. A number of other shops, services and factories were establishod in Lhe community in those carly years including the Bai Shoe Shop, wrhere ono could receive excellentrepair service or buy new shoos. Mr. Frank Bai continued the business until three years before his death in 1967. Burl Wallace and Wesley Johnson also offered blacksmith services during this time. In addition, The Community also had the services of one John J. Watson, Attorney at Law for thirteen years, who moved (o stordam in April, 1909 Am- Two very interesting factories located in Bergholz during the oarly 1900s were the Pinnocks Glove Factory on Third Streot noar the. present sito of Claronce Elliotts home and the handle factory oporated by Sam and Clyde Wright, which was located to the loft of the railroad tracks near 164. Sam also later had a meat market on Third Street between Moore’s and Geisenger’s store which was also later run by Joe Meyers, George Carson and Ed. Allmon. Tho store burned while Allmon was the owner. The Sugar Bowl, located on Second Sireet on the east side of the Assombly of God Church has been the site of a number of businesses, “all related t good food. Soveral persons had the store bofore Pearl and Daisy Morrow opened a confectionary and grocory store about 1910. Mr. and Mrs, H. A. Carson took ovor from 1915 to 1918 and Martha Allmon operated the store during 1918-1919. James (*'Tutor”) and Alice Williams opened a grocery store and lator & confectionary and rostaurant from 1919 (o ““Tutor's Place.” 1945 known as During the 1930°s, Chancie Williams opened tho in Borgholz first IGA Grocery in the room adjoining *“Tutor’s Place™. Later in the *30's, Elmer Brown had a miscellancous store in the same don. loca- In the fall of 1045, Jack and Nellie Allmon opened the ““Sugar

Bowl,” a restaurant offoring good food, dancing and good times. They closed in 1948 and the business changed hands twice be- tweon 1948 and 1950, when Hazel and Ed Featheringhem bought it. Feathetinghams opened the business in February 1950 and con - tinuod unil 1960, adding a caleteria for lunches.The spol was a favorite mooting place for good food, dancing and after game got togethors. Entertainment came to Bergholz in o big way when the movie thetor was cstablished by Harry Marshall in the carly 1900°s. Inter took over the business and in His father, James B. Marshal] 1934 it was sold Lo Hamy Crim, who operated the theater until 1951 Many will rocall the silent movies with music provided by Mes. Harry Marshall, Mrs. Meda Robbins and Harland Jackman. Talkies and the large screen were later added, and “Bank Night”’ was held overy Saturday night, when a cash drawing took place. You had to he present or have signed up (o win and ono might say it was Bergholz” early fororunner of the current Ohio Lottery. Projectionists included Lew Jones, Reid Carson, Lowell Thomas, Bud Smyth, John Bice, Frank Bai, Kennoth Riggs and George Crim, Several new business establishments were opened in the teens, including Marshall’s grocery in 1912, located across from the original bank building on Second Street, and wost of Saltsman’s Gro- restaurant here in the cery. Sam Moore and his wile later ran a 1990°s. Juck Johnson’s father look over Burt Wallace’s blacksmith shop aboul 1914 and opened o general repair garuge. The elder Mr. Jobnson was a machinist and in 1925 Jack ook over the busines: A franchise for automobiles was Iater obtained and Jack also sold small fractors, luwnmowors and automotive parts. The building was sold to Arold Twaddle in 1966. Tour other husinesses opened their doors in 1915, Clark McLain and Harry Marshall built a new meat macket on Sccond Streel al a cost of 52,000, Thoy not ooly provided the community with “home-dressed” meat, but also peddled it to the people of the (o Eastern and Wolf Run. They continued surrounding area going in business together until 1918, At that time Juy Clark, who had roturned from World War I, joined Clark McLiin and the now parl- nership was known as ““McLain and Clark®. They continued the meat market o a Mour- business until 1944, expanding it from o Ed ishing grocery husiness. In 1041 the business was sold o again sold to Paul Livingsion and in 1948 the business was fobinxon nnd Dick George. Their partnership continued until 1960 out and continued the business when Paul Rohinson hought George until his retirement in 1969,

EARLY FLOATS, PARADES AND HOLIDAYS )‘-

Berghol Teleplione July 4th Float Company

John Custer - Parade Marshall (on horse)

Veterans Day November 11, 1915 | Asbor Duy, 1921

Memorial Day, 1910

{ ‘Bergholz Supply Company Float

Michacl Saab opened a confectionory about 1915 in a building on the south side of Sccond Street next to the parking lot on the cor- | ner of Second and Jefferson. The shop was famous for its wonderful 10¢ banana splits. Mr. Saab left town about 1919, moving to New Jersoy, and the business was sold to Roy Allmon. In 1923 Charlie Palmer bought the business from Allmon, oxpanding it to include u wide varioty of merchandise and proceries later year. in the

The upstairs of the building had been used as classroom space by the Bergholz Academy in the lale 1800°s and in 1926 Mr. Palmer opened a poolroom here. Sections of the downstairs wore also used as @ bakery ond barber shop at various times. On August 21, 1985 the stora was closed and the merchandise at auction. sold Marty “Dick” Williams also ran a pool room where Griffiths Tavern is now located. One evening after dark, Mr. Williams had gone to | gol change. While he was gono prankslers hud strelched string across the vacant lot. When Williams came back across the dark: ened lot, he encountored the string and stumbled, spilling nickols hither and yon. Determinod not o allow the culprils to profit from | thoir prank, Mr. Williams sat down and reportedly spent the night with his spilled c

Also during 1915 Emorson Fisher operated a lumber and feed store, previously conducted byMr. Stoinmetz on Washinglon Av- cnuc and Mrs. Fishor was the proprictress of a Millinery Shop on Second Streel where Sallsman Grocery now stunds. Her business continucd until 1920 and the building was later movod to First

Strect on the Harold Robhins lot. Mr. Fisher continued the lumber and foed businoss until 1946 where W. C. Elliott and #. C. Cart- wright purchased the business and oponed the Bergholz Supply | Company which ix still operated by Mr. Elliott. | Two additional groceries were also in operation during the teens on Fourth Sireol near tho proscnt_homo of Atwoll Dillon and another close by run by Joo and Ed Mycrs Edwards. and later Cluronce The building which prosently houses Saltsman’s Grocery was like- Iy the mosL notable building constructed in Bergholz during the | 1990's. I was built by Ambrose McLaughlin in 1920 for an amuso- | ment centor offering roller skating, dancing and basketball facilities. Part of tho building was once s by the Assembly of God | Church and Novotny’s, who had also had a store next. door, also | had @ store in the building. Novotnys bought their grocery from Cleve Wilson in 1929, later moving next door Lo the MeLuughlin Building. Their business was wax taken over by the Whelan Brothers ahout 1950 and Novotnys 2 | sold the building to Harry Salisman in 1958 who currently oper- atos the grocery with his son, Loroy. Sultsmans have been in business for 31 years in Bergholz, oper-

ting grocerics on both Sccond Strect and Washington Avenuo. They also ran @ varicly store where Gordens Furniture had been located, later maving this business to Second Street where Leroy Salisman now makes his home. Edward 8. Allmon, whose first business had been = feed siore on Washington Avenue which he had purchased from Mr. Stein- metz_and sold in 1919, opened a grovery on Third Strect in 1924 bouween the Geisinger and Moore Stores. This busin had previously been operated by George Carson. Within & few yeurs the store bumned and E. S. Allmon established his busine: at the comer of Jefferson and Socond Sireet, where he handled groceries and dry goods for 23 yoars. A meat market operated by Forest (Frosty) Marshall was also in

businoss hetwoon Sccond and Third Streels, near Allmons in the carly 20's. Near here, the Levine Bakery was also in operation during this time. The MeConville Gorden Grocery, later run by Mrs. Cline was established during the 20°s on Washingion Avenue and Pat Daugherty, a fine (own Marshall, voted for his bravery also ran o tavem on Washinglon Avenue in the 20°s. This business was later conducted by Mrs. Daugherty and closed in the carly 50's. Other busine apor ting in the 20's included the Myers Stor the Overland Mooro Company, the Harold Robbins Garage and Joynson’s Green Touse. The Myers Store was loca between Fourth and Fifth Streets. 1L was first run by Joseph Myers and Later by his son Edward and finally by John Myers. The

tore closed in the lato 19507, The Overland Moore Company, which reportedly had one of the first auto agencies in Jellerson County moved io Steubenville in 1922, Mord Moore went first Lo Steubenville and was lator followed oy P. A. Maore. Harold Robbins opened his garage in 1921 on Washington Avenue and continued there for 42 years offering # complete aulo repair service. Mr. Robbins also held a franchise for a Chrysler- Plymouth ageney and sold Willys and Kaizers. Before school buses were hoard-owned, Mr. Robhins owned and operated several and during W 1T Mr. Robbins did a considerable amount, of repair work on coal trucks which were supplying raw materials o the defense factories. Upon his retirement in 1965, Mr. Robbins opened a machine hop on Washington Street noxt. to his home which is Gl in operation. In 1927, Joynson’s opened a Groenhouse on North Washington * 2

THIS AND THAT G| s e o Eizabetn Nobane, Maxine. Mekam,punr e eN Tuicr,Rents, Peg Spoioncr, Gathertne Rowe, Rov, et ot Nargasl"o Rents,MoLain, Gesi Rents, Eicaner For 21 Years

W “Our Gang” at George Cassidy's ‘\ \‘H‘ Store. John Hanson, Wylle Johnson,

Alex Justus - Indian who often visitod Beighols at the tum Ethel Nay Johnston at the Cov's Hill of the century, ‘Switchboad tn 1914 when 1 was “baler”

Avenuc, They had migrated from Wales, 1o Australia to Ohio and offered complete floral services, in their shop, including FTD membership. The shop wad closed in 1964, In addition to the grocnhouse,tho Joynsons also oporatod a truck farm in the Borgholz | aron for a numbar of years. During the 50’ Arl Joynson alsoran & plumbing business on Third Stroet.

A number of additional new businesses, not previously mentioned ' wora started in the 30's and 40s. In 1932 Hansons Service Station was built on South Washington Strecl by Dwight Hanson and Don Carson from lumbor obtained from Grandma Hanson’s former home. The station was opened in 1933 and was operated by T. D. Hanson | until 1945. From that Lime fo the prosont, Mrs. Muricl Hanson has | foased the station (o a number of porsons including Mack Guoss, Ray Mallernco and Ed_Channolx, CIIT Parsons, Jim Bartimus, Edith Riggs and Leroy Howell. Othor servico stations and gacages open during this period included Wilsons, Palwers Garage, and Humphrics. In 1937 Ralph Palmer purchasod Eamost Gordon’s garage whero he sold gax and oil and

also offerod repair sorvices, He continued in business here for | 36 years. The husiness was closed in 1973, Mr. Humphries simi-

larly operated a garage on Washinglon Avanue during the 1930's and 40" until his death. This station was later operatod by Claudo

Hamby for many years and is curreally run by the Sivets Brothers. Mr. Wilson also operated a sorvico station and candy sloro further | north on 164 near the turn (o Mo

The Crim Electric Company, ownod and managed by Hary Crim has heen in operation for more than 40 years. Mr. Crim, who also oporated_the City Thoater for many years, founded tho store in 1932, TLis now run by his son George Crin.

The Geisengor Store on Third Sircel was later sold to Ernie | Ramsey who opened u business there in 1945. Ramseys carried furniture and appliances and @ line of ready Lo woar clothing was housed in one side of tho store. The business burned in the mid- fifties and Ramsoys lator built thoir prosont home on the lot tha store had occupiod. Bergholz gained a new restaurand in the late *40’s when Mike Poniski openod his husiness at the corner of Washington and | Monroo. This businoss was also lutor conducted by Ed and Mar- garet, Grimos. The Tolligan Service Station was opened in the fall of 1946 on [ the site of the old McClave Livery Stable properly. Gasoline,

motor oil and accessories were sold and minor repair scevices were of In 1960 the station was leased (o Leroy Howell who continues to oporate it at the present, time. In 1950 Mr. Hugh Holligan also founded the Saline Oil Company 31 with Paul Blackburo. Wholesale gas and oil were sold for 20 years and in 1970 this business was sold. The Georga Lumber Company was also organized in Soptember, 1945 by Thomas George. The Company made both crates and pal- lots for such companies as: Firestone, Titanium, Hudson Pulp Paper, Vanadium and Signoid. In 1966, the Company was reor- ganized, taking the name Allen Box Company. They now make products for National Sicel. The Company currently employs 32 - 35 people. The plant is presently managed by Tom Longbons and and Lary Evans. The Dillon Brothers Trucking Company was founded in 1947 by Auwoll and Leland Dillon, specializing in both domestic and commercial coal hauling and also offered moving and transfer services. Atwoll taok over tho business in 1965 when he bought Leland out and in 1971 the company was sold to Henry Sheets Jack and Nellie Allmon purchased the Allmon General Merchandise Store from E. 8. Allmon and opened for husiness in 1949, They continued here in business until the store was closed December 31, 1871, The contents were later sold at auction and Pat and Johanna Kelly bought the building, remodeling it to serve as an artists stadio and home. Othor businesses not previously mentioned which also made their appoarance in later years included My Brothers House - a restaurant opened in the old Moore Building by Sheenie Johnson and Dean Palmer when they returned from the war and the Corner Con- foctionory, operated by Wilbur and Elizabeth Cartwright, which featured home made ice cream, The Ellis George Hardwood Lum- ber Company, Denoons Sawmill, and the Brownfield Lumber Com- pany. The three last named are all currently in operation. The Ellis George Hardwood Lumbor Company, began in the fortics by Mr. George, supplied lumber to mines, plants and other lumber companies. Dick Carson assumed management of the company in 1959 following Mr. Goorges death and continues to operate the business loday. Mr. George and Fred Evereit also operated the E. & G. Trucking Company for some years. Mr. Goorge's father, Lloyd, had also been in the lumber business a number of yoars carlier in partnership with Maurice Boyd and Jesse Fulton. The DeNoon Sawmill begun in 1964 by Bill DeNoon is recognized as one of the most modern sawmills in this part of the state. The company manufactures a varioty of grades of lumbor and ships large amounts of its finor grados to the soulh for use in furnitufo manufacturing. Alo operating near Borgholz is the Brownficld Lumber Company, founded in 1947 by Marshall Brownfield. In 1950 the company moved 1o its present location and was incorporated in 1975 In 32v | addition (o selling building materials, the company also manu- factares pallets and cratos. The sixties and seventics saw the development of a large number of new businosses and services. The following is a list of businosses currontly operated in Bergholz: Howells Service Stations Sivits Brothers Service Station Harold Robbins Machine Shop Wilmer Griffith Tavern Dillon Brothers Trucking Company (Henry Shects owner) Dailey Trucking Company Culp Landscaping Boyd’s Welding Shop Booths Wateh Repair Saltsmans Grocery Everharts Varicty Sensibaughs Res McBane Insurance, Inc. Feathoringhan Realty, Tnc. Rumbaugh Logal Services Blackburn Funeral Home Kuarens Beauty Shop Jefferson Holding Corpaiy Beruholz. Supply Company Brownfield Lumber Company

Joynsons Home Repair & R nodeling Stam Trash Collection Servic Crim Eleetric Gallahers Barber Shop Citizens Banking Company Bergholz Post Office Smyth Key Shop Yator Income Tax Service Houscholder Plumbing and Heating

Bob Walker - Painting Sorv The Valley Tavern (Ivelyn Stone owner) Dailey’s Restaurant Ellis George Lumber Company DeNoon’s Sawmill Allen Box Factory In the course of its history, Berghol has been served by a substantial list of Barbers. Pore Morrow, who served the community

for 60 years must head the list and others included:

Stanley Smyth Gy Smyth John Amstut Wilbur Gorden Jesse Paige Thomas Haines

Edwin J. Parsons Montford F ced Dale Gallaher (currently Barber) 33

‘THE RAILROAD AND MINES

Flrst Tratn that came. to Borgholz

The Baster Mina

Workers at the Eastem Mine- 1915 ‘Bergholz Railtond Station Bergholz has also had sevoral beauty shops beginning with Molly Morrow, who opened her shop when 1t was popular 10 have your hair marceled. Following Molly, Lillian Amstutz operated a shop for_somo time. In the fifties Harriet Cline was located horo and during the carly sixtics Donna Jenkins conducted a beauty shop in town. Rosa Payne, Connie Boyd and Kaaren Long, our curront beaulition, have also served the communicy.

IIL THE RAILROADS AND MINES Both the railroad and the mines played substantial rolos in the development of Bergholz. Railroads were drawn (o this rogion (o service the growing coal mining industry.

In the carly 1880’s, the Lake Eric, Alliance and Western was e tended south to Nebo, later Bergholz, where it assisted in devel- oping the coal ficlds in the northern section of Jefferson County

Reportedly a Mr. Bergholz, a financier from Cleveland who also had mining interests here, was & major factor in bringing the railroud to Borgholz. In its heyday, the train offered both passenger and reight service with trains departing from the station four times daily al 8, 11, 3 and G. The passongers included students going from town in the moming (o Minerva o obtain their high school educations and salesmen coming info town who would rent horsos and huggies and go inlo the surrounding couniry to maka their calls. In Iater years when Bergholz offercd a firsi. grnde High School cducation, Students from other communities rode the trains to Berghol o obtain their cducations. Mail also came to town via the irain and the L. E. A. & W. was affectionately referred to as “Leave Early and Walk.” Plans were afoot at one point (o locate a railroad yard in Borgholz. However the land could not be obtained and this yard was oventually located in Minerva instead. The line eventually passed into the hands of the New York Central Railroud. The local station closed in the mid thirties and with the passing of the trains, the colorful kobos who had often ridden into Lown on them also pussed from our local scene. The development of the coal industry appears Lo be the single mostimportant factor in the growth of Bergholz and the surrounding area and continues to be an important economie factor today. AL the height of the mining indusiry, 1300 men reportedly left their homes day in Bergholz and Amstordam for work in the local mine: Two of the earliest mines were the Eagle (also called the Oliver) and the Jumbo mine. Both mincs closed hefore 1910. Tho Fagle was located opposite Smokey Row at the extreme north of Washingion Avenue. Many of the homes then located on Smokey

Row were huilt by the mining company. The Jumbo, also known as tho Deal Mine was a drift mine with no shaft located here and Mechanicstown. botweon The Eastern Mine (also referred to as the West Pittshurg) was opened botween 1900 - 1904 two miles south of Bergholz on the L. E. A. & U. Railroad. In those cerly years, Malthew Speicher served as superintendent with Evan Griffith as minc boss. The mine featured fan ventilation, machine mining, motor and mule hanlage, double entry system and in 1909 employed approximately 200 men. At its height, the mine roportedly employed 400 men and was closed in 1957 The Wolf Run Mine (also known as the Elizabeth) was also on the L.E. A. & K. and opened in 1905, Regarded as o model mine in its day, it boasted modem machinery, oqual to any in the state including an eleotric hoist, steel tipple and telephone service. Because the old Rico Mine down in the valley was the end of the railrond line, it was necessary to construct about two milos of railroad to roach the new tipple. Mining operations were started in lato 1905 with Joe Baker as superintendent and Jimmy Cannon as mine foreman. Wolf Run was one of the pioneer mines using all clectric haulage, for at that time most other mines used ponios or mules. The mine was mech- anized in 1940 with now oquipment including Joy loading mach- inos, Joy shultle cars, Goodman belt conveyors and shaker veyors with duckbills. con- Joe Bakor was superintendent three different times during tho life of the Wolf Run Mine and was succaeded by Bob Feathoring- har in 1920. Other carly superintendents included Preble, Val Cox, Casey Jones and Davie Thomas. The XL Mine was another carly mine in the area, operated by the Bergholz Coal and Flectric Light Company. J. $. McKeener sorved as SuperintendentandJohn Peterson was mine boss. At its height , the minc employed approximately 100 men and closed in 1925. In 1915, the Goathill Mine, a cooperative, was opened. This mine continued into the mid 30s employing approximately 120 its prime. men in The Cloverleal was a somewhat smaller mine, located slightly south of Bergholz on the L. F. A, & W., which cmployed up men at one time. to 40 Near tho Cloverleaf, James Strabley oporated the Maploshade Mine in the mid 20°s and Hackathorn and Myars operated a similar small mine on north 164 going toward Salineville in the mid 30°s. The last substantial mino to begin oporation in our area was tho Jensie Mine opened in Mareh, 1950 at East Springfield. Still in operation today, this mine was planned primarily for the production 36

from the high grade No. § sewn. This mine of domestic coal sizes was an excellent oxample of the application of modern equipment for production and safety The initial undorground development was in the northern portion to workings of the company’s. of the 3,400 acre tract, adjacent Wolf Run Mine. Many of the mines operating in the Bergholz area were known ns ountry mines or truck mines because they had 1o railroud fucil- itics. Among the other mines operating in (his area wore:

The Parsons Mine just East of the Bergholz Corparation limit Amos Wells Mine % mile East of the Bergholz Corporation limit Joe Beadnell Mine 1 mile East of Bergholz at Calhoun llollow Orville Loishman Mine on the John George Farm Charles Jenkins Mine on the Scoit Allen farm and Mardic Griffith fam Ted Haris Mine on the Mordie Griffith farm Centertown Coal Company at Mooretown by John H. Elliott and Waldon Walker Two mines in Brinstone Hollow Melvin and Al Lewis J. D. George, the Baker Brothers, William Miller and Dale Hartong also operated mines in the area and furthor down Yellow Creek Hackathorn and Meyers opened their fourth mine six miles cast of Berghelz in Sweeney Hollow. Charles Warrington and Dick George also oporated @ mine in this same area and a lile further cast John Ridzon operated @ mine on the McConnell Farm. A mine was also in operation on the Clarence Patton Farm known as the Haun Mine in the carly 40s. Mines presently operating in the area are Industrial Mining Com- pany, mannged by Chris Chengelis with Ed James as Superinten- deni and the Jefferson Holding Company founded in 1964 by Atwell Tom Williams joined the com- Dillon and Russell James. In 1966 pany when he bought James share of the business. The company iis presently siripping wost of Bergholz at the site of the old Haun Mine on the Clarence Patton farin. Othar strip mine operators formerly working in the area wore Ted Messner end Sons, Inc., 2 & J Enterprises, Tnc., Hillorist Coal Company, Elmer Reber Coal Company, Scott Wil=an Coal Company, Homer M cLuin Coal Company and Puskarick Mining Company.

1913 Berghotz Band L-R Simon Spelcher, 1921 Eastem Star LR Row 1 Virgil Siates, Hamy Marshall, Bil} Veme Marshail, Bva_(summers) Taylor, Bert ' Motiice, Bl Harbour, Robbins, el Lodge, Josic Pear ‘Morrow, Floyd Hubourt, Brick Nyers. Row 2 Nollie Brown, Bill Dommance, Wylie Johnson, Duisy Morraw, 'Morrow, Foster Amitage, Bow Crabbs, Abel Ethel Spelcher, Amitage. Drummors Jusper Poten. - Howell Lowis,

1911 Bergholz Baseball Tean. L-R Row 1 Thumon Critzer, Smyth, R Davis, C. Cobum, M. Marshall. Bert Stam, Staaley Bill Williams, Willian Row %: Charles Paisicy, Clyde Gase, AL speicher. ince (Manage), John Speicher (Umpire), Gay Smyth,

IV. GOMMUNITY IMPROVEMENTS The 1 ' brought a considerable degree of progress in the modernization of the community. The new water works system for the town was completed on June 15, 1950 at o cost of 220,000 by the Pall Construction Company of Bryon, Ohio for the co- munity’s 1,300 residents, £, A. Humpheies then announced that the water was supplied from two ariisian wells. Prior to dovel-

opmont of the water systom, which hogan in Novemher, 1949, the townspeople depended on private wells. There were 235 original taps Lo private homes and no waler meters were inslalled. The cost was $3.50 per month, allowing unlimited use of the water. In 1955, Thomas George developed a recreation arca cast of m-mlmu known as Lake George. This area, situated on a 1,500 acre tract, included the original 400 nore tract sranted o Judgo

Thomas George during the adminiscration of Thomas Jefferson. ational development included picnic facilities, an 1§ ed lake and an 80,000 gallon capacity pool. This facility was opened 1o the public during the summer season of 1935, 1957 also brought additional modernization to the community in the form of a new combination bank, post office and city building. The now municipal huilding, measuring 80 x 30 feel was con- struoted on land loascd from the village.

Under the supervision of Tom George, the building was constructed at a cost of $30,000. New furnishings and the vaul added an additional $15,000 1o the cost. On Mareh 1, 1957, the bank moved to its new location from the

MeBane property where it had been located since its founding in 1903. Similarly, the post office moved Lo its new quarters from

the Harry Finn property where it had been housed for 50 years.

The posi office, incidently, like the bank was only huglarized once. The incident oceurred in 1915 when the safe, covered wi borse blankels o mulfle the noise, was blown up with nitro gl

In the fall of 1958, work was conpleted on n new bridge outside Boreholz on 164, This new 10 fool wide structuro replaced an out- moded, 14 fool, one lanc bridge.

Finaliy, in the fall of 1986, work was begun on the new firchouse on land acquired from the’ township. The building was finiched in the spring of 1967 at a cost of S Later the lounge, kitehon and concession wrea were added. The firemon did much of their own work with almost everyone taking part including many interested townspeople. Officers at the time the building was constructed included: Dale Gallaher- President Clyde Stowart - Seeretary Wilbur Culp - Firechief 39

Red Wade surveyed the site, laid oul the building and obtained approval for the plans, all without charge. | Since the construction of tho building, all new firc equipment with | the exception of one 1961 firetruck has heen added.

A picnic and rocreational area hus been developed noar the fire- house and in 1975 the arca was further improved with the con- | sauction of & tonnis cour, o joint project of the Townships Trusl- | cos, Ruritan and Junior Womens Club, under the leadorship of Larry Crow. | The community has also been improvod by the development of & community parking lot at the comer of Socond and Jeffersan by | the Bergholz Junior Yomon's Club. | V. ORGANIZATIONS AND ANECDOTES | One cannot conclude this section without recalling at least bricfly some of the organizations and entertainments of those earlior da

Tennyson Connor recalled the pie and box socials, where young | men would bid for the pie or boxes submitted by the young lidies. | The girl was then obligated to share the conlents of her pic or lunch with the highest, bidder. Thal these were popular is atlested | by the fact that participants, particularly male, were known to walk 23 miles to take part in such events. Bergholz also had « literary socioty, the Clionians, which met once a month for competitive programs composed of dohatos, es- says and impronptu subjects. Evidence that all their efforts wero not. serious is seen in these works by Reid Carson and Mary | Hammond; Reid wroto- “If Howard George grows anymoro, when | passing through the downstairs door, he’ll bump his head on the | upstairs Moor.” \

Mary Hammon Parsons similarly quipped - “Mary had a little lamb , she kept it on the shell. Everytime it wagged its tail, it spanked | its Tittle selfl” Bergholz also sported a local band which includod Simon Speicher, Roscoe Smyth, Harry Marshall and William Dorrance, numerous | buseball teawms, Fasten Star, a W.C.T.U., with a youth lengue | known as the Loyal Temporence Legion, A K of P Lodge founded | in 1906 and of which Pobert Foatheringham became a vory prom- | inent member far beyond the local level, and even a Ku Klux Klan, |

complete with a flaming cross burned on Cox's Hill. One Reverend Cremmins,unbappy about the klan conmented “‘these organizations, like Jonah and the gourd, grow up at night and whither away by | day.” The author also thought it was interesling (o note that th meetings, roportedly, wore often opened by seripture followed by @ comet duet of “Whispering Hope”. Camp Meetings woro also popular in those carly days and n rather amusing incident oc- 10 curred during one such mecting. The group inside the tent was amesily singing “Oh, Where Is My Wandering Boy Tonight?™ at tho close of the hymn, a voice outside Toudly roplied, “Out here in the diteh!”” In wore recent limes, Booster Clubs were organized 1o support the hand and athletic offorts at the high school, a Lions Cluh was active during the fiftics, and Uhe firemen have accumulated a

lengthy record of contributions Lo the community. Berghol i pr

ently served by the following Givie Organizations The Volunteer Firemen The Bergholz Junior omen’s Club The Bergholz Ruritan Club

Fifty Year Button Recipients - United Mine Workers LR Row 1 Bl Elliolt, Simon Speichor, Hary Johnson, Charles Cobum, Joe Cannk, Frank Zinds, Lloyd Rutledge. Row - Hugh MoLaughlia, Joe Dallak, Bob Fairclough, Emie Geneiin, Joe Golden, Cyrl Gregor. Row 3: Henry Edwars, Householdor, Goorge Eastham, Nick Rapiosh, Charles Evinosky, John Spelcher, L. Geaetin. Row 4 Dick Bendle, M. Brancker, Joe Gregor, John Pisklo, Mike Kochan, Joc Brown, Joo Polen. Row 5: G, Fellan, C. Shockley, Ted Guess, Dan Davis, J. Waringlon, Oliver Savage, G. Taczak, Cicero Elliott, Mike Teichman.

CHAPTER I School Days The Northwest Ordinance established the co schaol and schools were established in the Townships in 1800. The com- of Enast Springficld built a schoolhouse soon after the munity village was laid out and John Gillis was known Lo have taught there as enrly as 1814. During this same year the first log schoolhouse was crected in the Brush Creek arca. The building was located in section 2, ahoul 20 rods east of the present site of Chestnut Grove Church. The first teacher was Samuel Clark, father of the Rev. Dr. Aloxander Clark,1) who became a prominent minister in tho Methodist Church as well as a writer and educator of wide roputation. Samuel Clark was engaged as schoolmastor ai month for four months by Matthew Russell and Moses Marshall $102 and boarded free with the laticr. Tn 1830 the school district was regularly organized. The first

election for school officers was held at the house of Martin Adams on September 6, choosing Sanuel Clack as Clerk, John Adams, Willian Kerr and Elisha Brooks, directors; Martin Adams, treasurer. AU this meeting, the building of @ new

such cnergy that the building took only one day Lo consiruct,

and it was & day of merriment, for not ofien did the thinly spread population assemble for any purposc. James Clark and Charles Marshall were the architect and boss carpenter. During the construction of the building, 23 gallons of whiskey were consumed.

Had the seulers looked forward 15 years, it is intorosting to note that this schoolhouse requiring §32 of cash and 23 gallons of whiskey to build would also be the sile of the first lemperence. meeting in this aren. Teachers came and went for half o century and at least until 1947 the old log school house stood perched on its comer of barren, yellow soil as in carly times. The first schoolhouse in Ross Township was also built about 1514 and was located about half wmile southcast of Stophen Coc’s mill noar Moorelown. James Ewing was the first teacher with a threo month term. A Mr. Shane wriles that carly schools were often not 50 fortunate as to have a schoolhouse. They ‘“were often taught on subseription and a teacher would gol the usc of some cabin outhuilding or a farmer’s kilchen in which (o hold his schooi. He would seat it in a very primstive way, but it sceved his purposo; the children loarned 1o road, write and eyphor, and all were pleas’ ed.” Tho early teachers were all persons of very common scholar- Wiev. Ale . Clark started the “Sehool Day Visitor,” the first ehild’s pup i tho countzy, shich aflersurds grow it the St Nicholas Nagazine andpunlished at hin death v editorof the Methodist Recordr, 13 ship and included Mr. Dixon, Thomas Riley, Mr. Baker Henry Crabs and Samuol MeCuteheon. The schools were held somotimes one month, sometimos three, according to the money raised. They were kepl in wintor, but seldom in summer; nor were they kepl every wintor. Tho predominating religious influence being Presbylerian, the parents were_encournged by the ministers to educate their children. Abou 1820, under a then new law, townships wore dis- tricted and school houses built; but still the distillerics outnum- bered the schoolhouses four to one. (no pun intended) Dr. Shilling, in the first chapter of his buok, YELLOW CREEK STORIES provides a description of what many of the early log schoolhouses must have looked like. Inside was an area approximately 18 foot square with @ low, rough coiling and six small windows. Along two sides of the room, with one edge fastencd to the wall, ran the writing desks, fronted by long benches of oak wood without @ back. Lower benches were also provided, gradu- ated o the physical dovelopment of the boys and irls. A huge fireplace faced the schoolmaster. Outside, the doorway was small and deop, due o the thickness of the oaken and mortar walls. At the appointed time, the schoolmaster would rap on the window distinetly three times o call the children. Once inside, the boys would sit on one side, the girls on the other: the tallest al the writing dosks and the trundle-bod size on benches with their faces toward cach other. When all was quiet, the master opened wih prayer. Following this the children were called to the master - cach bringing his schoolbooks (brought from home and almost all different). The childron were assigned lessons for the day which ineluded reading, writing and arithmetic. Had the carly schools of Ross Township produced no other visible fruit_than the Hon. William Johnston, they would have more than justified the expeatations of their founders, in that it was mainly through his offorts that Ohio secured her first common school law. Judge Johnston was the author of another law quite as imporiant and far reaching as that in rogard to education. Being in Steubon- ville at the time of the Wells & Dickenson failure he discovored the honest founder of Stebenville imprisoncd for dobt. The in- justice of the proceeding so affocted him that ho then resolvod that should he ever become a member of the legislature he would securo the topeal of the law. He kept his word and imprisonment for dobt in Ohio when unaccompanied by fraud was abolishod.

The first general school law of Obio, pussed in 1821 established school districts within the townships. Tn 1838 the Ohio Legislature further provided that the township clerk should serve as township superintendont. The first sichool in Bergholz, Ohio was located on Third Strect in the red stare building near Charles Gervoson's home. 1t was later 44

A1890° Motz ClassGinl, atA MetsBerghols Gil, FirstLauns School Kelly, on GeorgeThird Streat.Mormy, RowRalph 1: IvaAllison, Hackathom, Feari Normow, Harly Marshall, Clyde MoCullough, Joe Hess, Heman Robbins. Row 2 Lex Allison, Myule Gordon, Clara Nesbitt, Prof, Brogas, Unknown, Wayne Gotéon, Tow 3 An Allison G, Anaie Barley, Lizsie Wright, Cors Moore, Wolly Morow, Sadie Robbias, An Altison Gl

‘The Second Street School bult 1902 “Mazching out at naon’” 45

remadeled by Gordon’s for o buggy shop and still later became a | furniture store. Classes wore also reportedly held in the building | next door which burned. Due to the increase in school population i at both Amsterdam and Bergholz, the two communities wore sel off as special school districts, and a four room building costing 51,000 was erected on Second Street in 1902. This school housed grades 1 - 8. Two additional rooms were later added Lo accommo- date the increasing number of pupils. In 1909, a third grade high school wax established, offering students’ the opporiunity 10 acquire the [roshmen and Sophomore years of high school in their home community.One professor Calder- head was in chargo of this high school, with the first class graduating in 1911 In order w gain the junior and senior yoars of high school, students took the train to Mincrva, Salineville or Jewett. Somewhat later,a first grade high school wag developed, occupying both back upstaits rooms in the sehool. Now studonts came from | Amstordam and other area communities Lo obtain their four year high school diplomas at Bergholz.

Bergholz First Graduating Class - 1911 L-R Row 1: Thuman Crtser, Mary Hackathom, Gay Smpth, Row 2 Noman Summars, Arlie Calderhead, Guy Allen, Forest Henderson. Dean Carson, 6 |

As Uhis school population continued to expand, tho firsl grade, tnught by Ethel Lodge, took up residence in the oom above the old jail. The second grade with Elsic Stoller Smith was located in the K of P Hall and the third grade taught by Olive Poplin Miller'was pluced in the portablo building added behind the school. In 1924 the brick high school building located on Schoolhouse Road was comploted and dedicated.

1017 High School - Shortly after completion in 1924, Before the tum of the century, we should also note that Bergholz had an Academy which provided a means of higher education hefore the third and first grade high schools were esiablished. The fol- Towing is a reproduction of the Prospectus put out by the Bergholy domy for the fall and winter Lerms of 1595- 1596,

PROSPECTUS BERGHOLZ ACADEMY Fall and Winter

... TERMS... Aug. 27 Nov.1,1895 Nov. 19, 1895, Mar. 14, 1596,

BERGHOLZ ACADEMY The Fall Term of Bergholz Acadomy opencd Tuesday, Aug. 27, 1895, and closes Friday, Nov. 1, 1895. The Winter Term opens Tucsday, Nov. 19, 1895 and closes

Friday, March 14, 1896, wilh a holiday vacation of two

wecks. Horcafter the Academic Year will begin on the last Tuesday in August and close on the Monday pre- ceeding. The number of students enrolled the past year including the Spring Term of 1891, was sixty-two. During the next Academic Year it is the dosire of the principal and patrons of the school Lo surpass the initial record both in point of numbers and work accomplished. AlL formor students and others desiring a practical pre-

paration for toaching or entering colloge are invited to identify themselves with the Acadomy. The localion is healthy; the communily, moral; the instruction thor- ough and in accordance with the principles of the New Education. The discipline of the school stimulates self respect and strongthens self govornment by the development of personal honor. LITERARY WORK Close attention is given Lo the literary training of studonts. Special drills in doclamation’ and composition are givon students without extra. charge. The Emerson- idn Litorary Society will convena every other week during the Fall and Winter Terms, affording students an opportunily of performing in public and obtaining a knowledge of parliamentary practico. BOARDING AND ROOMS Owing (o the kindness of cilizens opening their doars to students from a distance, we are pleased to announce that accommodations can be sccured for a limited number; and we suggost thal Lhose thinking of atlending the’ Academy during the Fall and Winter muke arra ments for boarding and rooms at an early date. Those rooms have choice of location. who are first to secure A limited nunber of studonts can secure the following 12¢ cach.... Boarding, including ratos:-Regular moals, furnished room, .00 to §3.50 per week.... Furnished rooms for hoarders, 50¢ to T5¢ per weck....Unfurnished rooms for sell hoarders, 25¢ to 35¢ per wock

TUITION The rate of tuition is 80¢ per week, one-hall payable upon entering school, the remainder the middle of th term. When not paid in advance the rate of Lilion is 90¢ per week, payable on the last day of the term. No deduction will be made for dismissal, absence or lossons lost, after a student has boen enrolled, except. in case of protracted and severe sickness. In case of sickness protracted through a longer period than one wook, advance tuition will be credited Lo the student for the next term. REMARK: In ordor to be classified properly students should be prosont on the first day of the lerm. No student should pursue fower than two studies or more than four. Students who think of attending through the winter wonths will find it quite an advaniageto attend the fall term, and the work for the winter term will be detor- mined 1o @ great extent by the work of the fall torm. The managoment wishes Lo thank the patrons of the sichool and the people of Bergholz and vicinity for their Kindness in the past and asks their further support in the future. Your honest approval is a wonderful in-

centive Lo better action; arid your honest oriticism is a sharp instrument by means of which we fashion our mistakes into things of beauty. We therelore invilo not only your approval but also your criticism. Citizens willing to take boarders or roomers please report to the Principal. Chapel at §:30 a.m., Tuesday, August 27. J. M. TELFER, PRINCIPAL Bergholz, Ohio

The school term at the turn of the century was nine months. There were no cafeterias, drinking fountains or indoor plumbing. Everyone

brought theirown lunchand a drinking cup for drinks from the pump. Each classroom was cquipped with & ol belly stove and the teachers did their own firing. Thore wero no telephones al first and iges were sent by way of the school children. Classes wer large in the early years, 55 was nol unusual and lico were qui a problem. The pupils came cquipped with a slate 19

and slate peneil. Work was copied from the board, Bible vers were memorized and the Lord’s Prayor learned. For reading class, the children sal on recitation benches. Charls and the McGufy Reaier were used hero and later a change was made to the Elson Roader. Discipline appears not o have been Loo great a problom. Students were expected o be serious ahout their work and thoy generally are roported to have displayed a rospoctful attitude.

Berghols First Basketball Teum. LR Hamy Marshall, Charles Mar shall, - Ralph Chambers, Pearl Morraw, Aleo Yates.

1921 Gifls Basketball Team. L-R Fow 1 Kate Speicher, Leta Carson, Grace Householder, ary Hanmond. Row 2 Florenco McMaster, Mrs. Champion (Coach), Jennic May Gugleman, Rk Robson.

Berghola First Football Team - 1923 L-R Row 1: Dave Eynon, Gharles Wyeulr, Dan Eynon, Jim Mottice, Jack Edwards. Row 2 Roy Lash (Principal), Hurold Davis, Guiilen Jones, Hube Carroll, B Carroll, Donald McBane (Coach). Row 3 Wallian Robson, Afec Anbrosic, Russ Daughery, Frank Grifith, Roy Turvcy. £

School activities usually took place on Friday evenings. Athletic ovents, dances, parties and theatrical productions woro held not. only in the school, but also in the roller rink and dance hall (prosently Saltsman’s ‘Gracery) local movie theater or the churches For a poriod of time, it was the custom for the whole school to hold a breakfast picnic before school on the last day of the term

in Spring. This required an carly rising, but all who aitended seem-

ed to think it was worth the offort. The first school paper was started by a Roy Ferguson who taught here in the early 20's. The first cdition was reportedly printed by lantorn light. In later yoars

PTA luncheons and school fairs were held which included entertainment, pic throwing contosts and even prize fights!

1923 Production at the theater “Choosing A May Queen’” The Jolferson County School Board was created in July, 1914. Springficld Township as represented on that bourd included: Eastorn Circle Green Amsterdam Davidson Bergholz Watson No. 1 Chesnut Ridge Wolf Run On January 26, 1945, the Springfield Local Disiriet was formed. The following wore appointed the first board members on Novem-

ber 7, 1945: Paul Sweeney Dave Eynon Mary Frame Roy McLain J.L. Fellows Springficld and Ross Township, Amsterdam and Bergholz Villago District were placed in District 6 of the Jefferson County Schools. The first slops toward revamping the school system were taken 51 in October, 1947. Edgar F. Buchanan was president of the Board‘!? and T. C. Bailey was Supecintendent when the proposal lo erect a now high school building was made. It was agreed that tho build-- ing should be centrally located. Tho building was comploted and opened for us in the fall of 1954. John E. Gregg was then Super- intendent. Donna George of Bergholz and Ronald Stowart of R.D. No. 1, Trondale were Valedictorian and Salutatorian, respoctively, of the first graduating class. On September 11, 1967, the Jefferson County School Board proposed that a new school district he formed by combining tho Springfield Local, Jefferson Union and Stanton Local schools. This was done and the present Edison Local School District was formed. In the fall of 1967 the John E. Gregg Elementary School was comploted and the elementary school fook up residence at this now location in Eastorn. Notable graduates of the Bergholz Schools have included: Ronald Webet current President of Mt. Union College, Allianco, Ohio. Scott Sutton, Ph.D. Member of th Hall of Fame for his work in Animal Nutrition. Gerald Wilson President of the Wost Virginia Gas Company. Chester Buxion President of Paul Smith Colloge, Paul Smith, New York (retired). Jim Rawers West Point Graduate. Carl Wilson Former President of Asbury College, Asbury, Kentucky.

The following is a list of teachers who sarved in our schools from 1914- 1867, These wero taken from the county records. No records were available prior o 1914 when the counly board of education was formed. The dates indicate tho yoar these teachers names appeared in the county records. The names before 1914 were obtained from Mrs. Lodge and Jean Manrod. A LIST OF TEACHERS PRIOR TO 1914 1910- 1914 Bithel Lodge . U. Calderhoad Helle Miller Mary Bigger Sory Bdgerley E. E. Smelts idna Shotwell 3.6, Shoperd Rov Martin iaey Hucknchorn Mtlie MeClurg Mary Keffler Harrict Buckanan (Diohn Speicher, who served a tolal of 18 years on the school bourd was 4 mom- ber af the hourd when both the Hergholz High School buildings wers built. School and the Springlield High

T P A i 1914- 1916 1925 Blsic Staller Leta M. Carson 193 Kudrey Busby Niary . Houghn Charlotte R. Smoats Zola L. Wighar, Beriha Deope Lona Shany New. 1. J. Clack 1937 Estella Patterson Margarot MeLain Roy Syt 1927 Jdoseph A. Rich Willa C. Roof Mary Clyhomn Crin IL L. Jones D. Bugene Nelts Frances Bluser Wilma M, Melsac Alice Tarr Huzel dackmn Keanelh ¥, Tobbis 1938 1917 - 1915 Qscar 1. Pollard Greteien Plum - Agnos Allnon 1B, Specr James W. Schiefor e Suttan 1928 1959 Agnes L. Thompson Morgarot A, Cramor Foy Tanaahan Julin MeKibben Elizabeth Boyd Mary C. Stton Rolet G, Folletie Estella Potterson 1929 1940 1919 Veda Tedrow larold Nichols Lloyd Dlake Mayme A, Huckothorn Melvin Sest Morlha Allaon Eileen Voorhees Lovella Doreasce Emaline Griffoy Risher 1941 Wilbur . Gartrell Nujorie Wi Bess Carsan. Saru Daraldson Clarice Buchanan Ruth Sehumacher Mahel M. Kazh 1942 1920 1930 Mabelle Geisingor C. Linsenmager Ruth Worknen 3. A, Noedy, Jr. Louise Marray MaryE. dones Ronald W. Pecting Flora M, Petersan Gladgs 1., Norrons 1921 T, Gorvell 1943 Ula Nne Chasmpion Geriruie A, Kuupp Harret Holeonts Harlnan C. B Dunn Elizabeth It MoAuley Hastha Bowen Jéan Carson Jack Goe K. E. Ferguson 1951 1944 Blodwen M. Jones Basel L. Newhold Elsio Jano Russ 1952 Ny 1. Trown 1922 G . Sucton, Betiy E. Howorh 2. 0. Heatty Violot N, Jancs. W. Roud Carson Rabert Metallun 1945 Blizalie, VeKinley Freda Pettit I . Dombush Oiive E. Poplin Ik ¥, Tlelfrich 1933 1923 Claronce Eiliott 1945 Mary R, Metts, Kleanos Elloll lizabeth Shrigles lary Wilbur Carturight 1924 Barbara Finney Thelna 1. Baenos 1934 Mariha M. Helen Jacknan Wilsan E. Dale Vincont L. Coopes L. R Lash Robert Bigler Ouen C. Noill 1988 1925 1935 Dorothy B, Noore Carl Manrod Maxine How Willian P, Moore Ruth Mser David Weber Helon R. Swifl Nary AL Merrymuo Eleanor Staffari o Manson

1949 1955 1961 Letore Seott Williaun Y. Ractd Carole Invine 1956 Goorgia Suyih 1950 urreut Hamition 1962 Gicoly Wolhiagion Hemice Baker Nirs. 1. W, laffe 1957 Fred Sponholz 1951 No new tenchers listed o0 Stora 1963, 1954, 1965 1958 Nonens teachers listed 1952 Elizabeth Slates. Nonew Leachors listed Nina Griffith 1966 Me. Delancy 1953 1959 Graharm Nonew toachors listed 1967 Lucillo Rath Ao Sponlolz 1954 1960 Norgo J. Santin Waltor 1, Wolte The following men are among those who have headed our schools Jarett Narsitton Quta . Kress B. L. Buchanon N. Lioyd Goorge Caldorhead ot Sponholz Pl 1. Wright Koy Feruson Carl Manrod Dun Nelts Superintendents, 3.D. Heatty Thamas Goerell 7. C. Bailey Haeold 1. Speer D. V. Hafer o 6. Groge D. . oitic Jnck Goo I

Busby, Zela Whigham, Ethel Lodge, Berghol Teachers 1914-1915 L-R: Audroy Busby. Pro. D. Eugenc Melts, Roy Smya, Mary Fdgerly, Bessie 5

CHAPTER IV

Foundations Of Faith

FOUNDATIONS OF FAITH The failh of the carly pioneers was as ruggod as their bodies. They had descended from families that had fled to this country because of persccution and they were undoubledly anxiously looking ward (o the time when for. God would send somcone to them to conduct public religious services, and if the HISTORY OF THE UPPER OHIO VALLEY is corroct, their first preaching services wore conducted by the Rev. George Buchanan, about the year 1810. Rov. Buchanan went on horseback once & your from Steubenville up through Columbiana County and Carroll County, Jofferson and back through Counly, proaching at difforent seitiements and baptiz- ing the last yoar's crop of babies. Thus, the spark of living faith was kopt alive by the visits of these pioneer preachers. The Rev. E. N. Scroggs, organized a congregation on Yellow in 1814 which subsequently Creck hecamo the Yellow Creck United byterian Church. Rey. John Walker and Dr. Ramsey were among the carly ministers. Farly services were often held in the home of Thomas George (later a station on the underground railway). [n 1528 @ brick building (30 x 10 feot) was erected. The clders First elected and ordained were Thomas George and Henry Crabs. Tho first_sacramont was dispensed by the Reverend Ramsey. Scroggs and Dr. A fire consumed the original brick building and in 1838 & frame building 40 x 60 was erected and still stands (oday. Eaely men- bers of the Church were: Henry and Anna Crabs (Krobs), Hamillon and-Mary Walker, William and Christine Kelly, Nathan and Marguret Barr, Samuel and Mary Dorrance, John and Mary Ann Jordan, Thomas and Jane George, John and Mary Kean and Sarah Story.

The Mooretown U.P. Church 46

The Rev. H. Y. Leeper began a period of leadership in January, 1870 that was o firmly establish the Prosbyterian Ideal in the Upper Ohio Valley, During Mr. Leepers pastorate, the Yellow Creek Church reached its senith of prosperity, establishing @ Mis- sion Station av Bergholz, the Womens Missionary Society wis foundod due o the zoal and untiring efforts of Mrs. Leeper and wgether the Rev. and Mrs. Leeper's dedicated loadership, as well a that of the elected officers and women’s groups, led the Yellow Creck Congregation to great sirength and it became known then that the Mission Giving was onc of the highest in the Presbytery in proportion o its memhorship. The Mission Station, was founded in 1886, Tis members came from transfers from the Mooretown - Yellow Creek congregation. A building was erected on the corer of Second and Jefferson in 1886 and on December 1, 1886, Reverend Lecper began serving the Yoliow Creek Mission. The Bergholz United Prosbytorian Church Building was dedicated in 1893 and 1909 saw the Mission Station formally organized into a congregation. e —

The Mooretoum 125th Anniversary Picic 1943 In 1947, tho official merzer of the Yellow Creek United Presby- terian Church and its Mission Station, Bergholz United Proshy- terian Church took place, and the congregation seitled into life at the Bergholz Church Building. The newly formed congrogation labored together o remodel tho original building and in 1952 they held u formal dedication ceremony for the new sanctuar A shorteloven years later this nowly formed church ngregation

merged with the First Presbyterian Church{® on April 12, 1959 to form the now existing Trinity United Prosbyterian Church, located at Socond and Lincoln Streets. Again the members of the congre- gation_labored together in the Glory of God, and the work began on a Christian Education unit which was completed and dedicalod on May 29, 1966, The Church Life has continued to flourish and grow through the continual dedication of our serving ministers and the uified services of our congregation members. The Trinity United Presby- terian Chureh bell faithfully rings out its message ..."*Como Hither and Hoar the Words of the Lord Your God.” Young men of the Yollow Creek who enterod the ministry were: Honry Wilson Crahs Jobn Dorrance R. Leeper Stevenson MINISTERS Mooretown - Yellow Creck U.P. Charch R. N. Seroggs John Walker Dr. Ramsey 1814 - 1893 | John Donaldson 1823 - 1835 James Patterson 1837 - 1855 | John Easton 1855 - 1856 Thomas Sirpson 1856 - 1861 Janes Golden 1864 - 1869 H. Y. Lecpor 1870 - 1902 ‘ Bergholz Church Esteblished H. Y. Leoper 1886 - 1902 J. Walter Liggitt 1904 - 1908 W. C. Work 1908 - 1909 L. R. . Greenlee 1910- 1914 D. . Porterfield 1916 - 1918 L. Roy Lash 1920- 1994 E. G. McKibben 1926- 1929 \ Virgil A. Barns 1930- 1944 Jay M. Campbell 1946 - 1947 Petor Van Liorop (Stated Supply) 1945 - 1949 Dale K. Milligan (Stated Supply) 1949 - 1950 Mark H. Caldwell 1950 - 1953 Thomas Prosser (Student) 1954 - 1955 Edwin E. Liddell 1956 - 1959 (The Birst. Preshyterian Church was organizod abost a year after the town as laid out. The frst services wero in the upstairs of Will Keans Store, where Sensibaugh's now have @ rostauenal, They later built hoir Church dirccily acronn | the sireet at the comer of Second nnd Jelfernon, Isracl Price was the first pantor, 58

Fiest Presbyterian Church Israel Price 1884 James Kirkbride 1893 - 1895 Tomer Shooloy 1896 A MeLean 1897 - 1899 N. K. Crowe 1901 - 1904 win Nesbitl 1904 - 1908

Frank Cozad 1910 - 1915 Georze W. Applegate 1916 Thomas Younger 1923 Floyd S. Mecker 1925 J. 7. Alexander 1927 Roy B. Conner. 1934 William: Kadel 1957 R. W. Nickolson 1939 R. W, Penick 1947 M. Leroy Antrim 1949 Fred . Eastman 1951 Edwin E. Liddell 1956 “Trinity United Presbyterian Chureh - Union April 12, 1950 Edwin E. Liddell 1959 - 1959 Geno G. Phlcgar 1960 - 1063 Allen W. Callum 1964 - 1969 KdwinCarl EngstromA. Hilbert, Jr. 19731970 - 1972 Iistory submitted by Bd Tilbert. Those contributing to this history: Ross Ceabs History of Yellow Creck U.P. Church (Supplied by Martha McLain) Mr. Kennetl Carson Present membor of Trinity U.P. Church Mrs. Ethel Lodge Prosont member of Trinity U.P. Church History compiled and edited by Judy Hilbert.

The Bergholz Chureh of Christ The congregation was organized February 15, 1904 by A. O. Henery, Minister and members of Lhe Augusta Church of Christ. The charter of this New Testament Church listed sixty-six persons who identified themselves with the organization. ‘This organizing took place in the Old Town Hall and services were. conducted in a room above Robbins Hardware Store. The site on the il where the church now stands was donated by W. F. Stein- otz The members “had o mind 10 work” and therofore the building was conpleted and dedicatod on July 9, 1905 . . .

‘Bergholz Church of Chrlst 60 The Lake Erie, Alliance and Wheeling Railroad ran a spocial train on dedication day and many of the folks from Alliance, Minerva, and Augusta Church of Christ came that day. The Salineville Church of Christ brought their delogation via ““hay wagon”. It was a greal day for all in attendance and S. 1. Barilett gave the dedi- catory message. W. F. Steinmetz was our first Bible School Superintendent. Pearl A. Morrow was Bible School Suporintendent here for over 25 years. The largest Bible School attendance on record is 177, while Brothor Henery was the minister. In January 1906, Brothor Henery held & sivweek evangolistic meeting and 110 membors wore added to the Church. These in addition to the charter members made our membership well over 200... The Ministers who havo served this church aro: A. 0. Henery; James Pogrum: C. Virgil Drunn; G. W. Foley; W. G. Parry; GL.

Messanger; William Blakely; F.' M. Cummings; C. C. Maple; Dan Eynon; James Ridgley; Clayton Goe; Bro. Porkins; C. M. Myers: Albort A, Applegarth; Clarence “Rusty” Morris; Bob Hanze;

Terry Wolls. Our present Minister is Larry L. don. Brother Applegarth served tho longost ministry mumbering eleven years. 100 members were added (o the Church during his ministry. He passed from this life in October 1953 . . Four young men have gone from this congregation inlo the ministry. "Brother W. G. Parry, who has gone to his reward. Brother Dan Eynon, who is teaching in the Cincinnati Bible Semin plans Lo retire after the T5-76 school year. Brother John Eynon who s minister of the Russellville Church of Christ inSt. Stephen, South Carolina. Brather Gene J. Carter who is now minister of the Wintersville Chureh of Christ in Wintersville, Ohio. The incerest and best wishos will always follow these boys who received their inspiration from the Borgholz Congregation . . . The first music of the Chureh was supplied by an old fashioned reed organ with various mombers of the Church serving as organ- ists. During the ensuing yoars, & piano was purchased. In 1951 the Church was presented a boautiful Hammond Organ and chimes by Mr. and Mrs. James L. Amerman, of the First Christian Church of Canton. This has added much to our worship service. The church has always enjoyed good music supplicd by the many choirs through the years. We have a good working Ladies Aid Society which is the oldest organization within the congrogation. IL was organized in tho summer of 1904 one year before the dedication of this building at the home of Mrs. Nina Steinmetz Hissem. Mrs. Albort Ellioit was clected first President and served until the Church was buill and dedicated. Tho society has nover censed (o be helpful, and 61 has bo one of those faithful groups that render nocded most. help where it is In 1953 the Church purchased the Rush property to be used as the Church Parsonage, and with this property, owns a half of block. a square In the records of the heginning days of the congregation, wo find ch names ns (he Sl 05’ Morrows"; Froeds’; Griffiths’; Myer. % Prices’; thorns . | . Hacka- The oldest member of the Bergholz Church of Christ by years is Mollie Morrow. She is in her 93rd vear, and lives at the Hanover Convalescent Home in Massillon, Ohio. She is the oldest in years and also the oldest chartered member still living, Besides Mollie there are still three other living who were also Charter Members of the Bergholz Church of Clirist, and they are: Margaret, Llewellyn; Grace Gergason; and John Gues “ACCOMPLISHMENTS” We would like (o share these with you both the physical and spiritual: During the many years the Church has staod 15 a Light- house Deacon (o guide individuals to the foot of the cross. The spiritunl aitainments of the congrogation are many and too numerous 1o mention. We just Give God Praise for what He has dona and will do through Ilis peaple

nce 1953 many physical changes have been made and we wish to mention somo here. purchased (Rush property). Front & Ceiling done in the church, later sides cry roor, windows, and bath rooms were donc. A new front door was given by a church family, carpet in Church (by Youtk Group) new Garage added, church and parsonage painted sveral times. Parsonage romodeled along with two Sunday sehool rooms, new pows purchased by different merbers and families of the congregation. Tho Ladies Aid purchased & new refrigerator, cupboards and hot water heaer, plus a new awning over the windows on the East Side of the Charch. A new bapistery has been installed, plus purchuse of new lypo- wriler, and egquipment for the office. Started o Church Library, Missionary giving cach month, (now supporting four difforont missionary progrars) in addition (o the Ladies Aid and Sunday School class missionary work. The congregation now has its own Daily Vacation Bible School each year, “plus the congregation helped bring Elkhom Valloy Cheistian Service Camp into existence. Plus many other accom. plishmonts that God has given that we can't Incking space. mention because of

Wo are proud 10 set forth the fact that s nce the beginning of tho Bergholz Church of Clirist, nol once ha the congregation failed 1o sproad the Lord’s Table on the Lord’s Day. History Submitted by Larry Iden.

Berghol Methodist Church The Methodist. Episcopal Church The land for the Methodist Episcopal Church on Second Strcet was purchased from R. E. Taylor in 1890. Lumbor for the building was sawed locally and the sandstone used in the foundation came from tke quarry on the hill just south of town. Heal came from pot-belly stoves and light was fumnished by kerosene lamp in the carly church. Local residents carried lanterns (o night services and a hitching rail behind the church served as a “‘parking lot” for those who drove. The ehureh was formally dedicated on January 17, 1896. Trustees involved in this transaction were E. S. Moore, J. C. Thomas, . A Wilson, Joseph Peterson, T. I Faweeit and R. E. Taylor.

he Bergholz Church was a ““station” on a circuil which was composed of as many as five churches at onc time served by the same winister. The Circle Groon Church burned in 1935 and in 1946 the Mooretown Chureh was sold 1o a congrogalion in Steubenville who used the lumber to build thoir church. The large flal slone which bad been in front of the chureh was mover to the Bergholz Cemetery and became the platform in which school children presented Memorial Day programs. Other churches which were at one a part of the circuit included Mechanicstown, Simmons Ridge (near 63

Amsterdam) and Reilly’s (near Salinoville). The Mt. Zion Church in Ross Township and the Chestmut Ridge Church up the circuit. presontly make A “pipeless™ furnace eventually replaced the stoves turn was und it in succeeded by two gas Turnacoss Oil lights gave way to ceiling lights before the church was wired for electricity. In 1946 the original ouk floors wore sanded and refinished along with the pews and pulpit from the Mooretown Church. The original pows were dismantled, out up and used for framing when tho one large rom was partitioned to provide Sunday School classrooms. Later, an addition was added (o the rear of the Church and the sanctuary was paneled and the ceiling lowered. Visitors roturning for the first time since about 1940 remark that although the outside of the church looks much the same, only the windows and the light fixtures are familiar inside in church.,

In June, 1920 the present church parsonage was purchased from Mary E. Moore. In April, 1921 the church paid §520 for ment for the paving of Second Strcet in front of the par=onage and the two lots where the church stands. From 1905 Lo 1975 the church has been served by forty different ministers. In comnon with all ‘Methodist Churchos, this church has experienced unification, making it first The Methodist Church and later The United Methodist Church, History Subnitted by Elizabeth Slates.

Assembly of God Church 61

sembly of God Church The Assembly of God Church was founded on February 7, 1931, when the Rev. H. Ettinger of Salineville held rovival services in the Knight of Pythiaos Hall assisted by the Rev. Fred Boadle. The Church was *‘set in order’ on January 26, 1932, in the Heidy Building on Fourth Streel. Services were later held in the Robbins Feed Store on Fourth Street, the Novatny Store Building and in the upstairs of Roscoe Smyths Hardware bofore moving to our presont location at 15 K 552 Second Street. Lund for our Church was purchased from Andy Bobby by Elmer Brown who donated it for the church. On Decomber 29, 1951, the church was granted a loan to build our Church for §1,850. Con- struction was begun in 1952 and the Church was dedicated on Sunday, October 7, 1956.

Ethel Marshall - Assembly of God Misslonary- with hor stadents. In 1932, Bamest and Ethel Marshall were sent as missionaries to Glove, Arizonu Lo tench the Indians there. The Church his also donated 2500 (o build a chapel in Upper Valta, Africa. In July, 1975, the Church was granted a construction loan for 530,000 Tor the uddition of Sunday School clasrooms. Charter membors of our Churoh included: Earnest, Ethel and Lucy Marshall John and Grace Marshall Dwane and Alice Marshall Henry and Maud Powell Jumes and EdithMeCollugh Lindley and Mary Marshall John and Lovella Goodwell Frunk and Hazel Daughtery

Berghol Baptist Church left this position in August. of 1975 to teach in a Christian High School in Alabama. The Chrch is currently pastored by Rev. Lamy Toner who bocame pustor in September of 1975,

History Submitted by Larry Toner.

CHAPTER V Tale Tales And True

The Indoctrination of Martin Adams

I The Legend of Standing Rock L. Whits v. The Underground Railway Morgan’s Raid VL The Home Guard il Johany Appleseed VIIL Oporation Skywatch

The following stories are u combination and are about people, of both logend and fact places and general aroa. ovents which took place in this The material for pews articlos, those storics was obtained through DOYLE'S HISTORY OF JEFFERSON COUNTY and Dr. B. W. Shillings two volumes of YELLOW CREEK STORLIS and TALES OF YELLOW CREEK. Because those books aro out of print, it was decided to include these now tales relating to our stories o that, those time. area would not. be lost with the pa age of I The Indoctrination of Martin Adams

As vas proviously mentionod in Chapter 1, among the vory first selilers of Brush Creek Township, was an ccoentric bayhola named Martin Adams, who located on Chestmut camo to this new land not of Grove Ridge, Ha effort his own volition, but in & suecocsfu] to sock a safe haven from arrest by federal officors for his foo energetic participation in the Whiskey Rebellion Pennsylvania. Adams prime of Westor on the wrong fuult was that he had heon oo satin side of that historical issue in 1794, For Adame. i 1 case of gelting up and moving quickly, or staying i ome spot il his tine was and remaining Martin left for servod hotween four walle, Thue: the *“Northwest Torritory™, bpon reaching the forks of the Ohio, Adams made Pedoral Land Office whero he his way (o the Northwest Territory. purchised a soction of lang 1o the Mams prospered at his now home. Though known (o be as tight s doaling s the chestnut bures that grew so Chostut Ridge - he was 1150 ahundantly aroind business ability a man of houndless enetey and god and his product was such as noeded no. seound introduction, Martin Adams became widely known and collectod unto himself all the petty offices in the Brush Creek Country. Not elected Justice of the Peace only was he s00n beeame and Township Trustoe, hut he aleg the Township Authority on law and its banker. He soon became the I land owner in the township and everything fhe turned his hands to proved a gold mine for him. As years along, Adams was known as an important wont as these two assels and wealthy man - but dependent increased, he also hecamo more solfish, int and narrow minded. He so had the people undor his thumb by bis many loans of monoy, that they dared not vote bim for any offite - so he became the againet Brush. Creck Country. political loador of il (he Among Martin Adams® near by neighbors were Samuel Joames Kerr, a soll-cducatod blind Clark and nicknamed “old Socrates.” school toacher whom Adsme The *'stillers™ dislike for hoth theos 69

Ira Littlo William Morrow David Gordon Plati Rosa and Edon Palmer Bertha Din Betty Daughery Louise Walkins Pauline Tilfer Flora Beadnoll Jonnie Griffith Bessie Grimn Emnma Gugleman Mary Marshall Jr. Pastars who have sorved our Chureh include: Rev. Charles Hirst Rev, Fred Beadle Rev. Fannic and Ethel Lawrence Rev. Burgess Rev. Harry Thompson Rev. Carl McConnell Rev. Campbell Rov. Griffin Rov. James Phillyss Rev. Willian Hammook Rev. Leroy Hayes Rev. Geraldine Bonty, Rev. James Warden Rev. Ruth Swith (Johanna and Rossmun) Rev. Melvin Hort Rev. Meyors Rov. Meir Rev. Robert Moffat Our present Pastor is the Rev. Delcie Stewart who camo here in Octoher, 1972. History Submitted by Katherine Edwards

The Borgholz Baptist. Church The Berghols Baplist Chureh held its first service on March 4, 1973 under the leadership of Rev. John J. Matoy. Mocting in what was once the Borgholz High School, the Church became incorporated on October, 1973

Rov. Matey left Berghol on April 3, 1974 and the church functioned without @' pastor until Rev. Edwwrd J. Mooney hecame pustor on AUgust 11, 1974, After serving as pastor for one year, Rev. Moonoy 66

neighbors was intense, becauso they favored two institutions Adams heartily disapproved of and did nol want esiablished in the Brush

Crock Country while he lived - the schoothouse and the church. Clark and Kerr, however, had other ideas, and by a ruse, planned t0 perauado Adams to change his mind. It was in Kerr's cabin that the time, strategy and method of attack were_planned, The stage was set for Eleotion Day and when it arrived, the stillmastor was in a particularly good humor, in fact 50 jovial that he froquontly st up the drinks Lo thoso he hoped would vote for him and drank & larger portion himself to show his good will. By noon Adams was only able to occupy a chair and by cvening he was laying, snoring loudly on an old bench near the stillhouse fireplace. Avaking sometine later that evoning, the bleary eyed Adams found all were gone except faithful old Samuel Clark, who had all election returns made out in due form for Adams to deliver to the County Seat. “Well how did it go, Sam?”” asked Adams. Knowing that Adams was a men of litcle education, Glark ovasivoly answerad *‘Figure it out for yoursolf, Mart.” - and &l these words Adums angrily grabbed the package of returns, ballot box and all, and east them into tho furnace fire. Clark protosted that this was serious offense against the state and (hata penalty could be asse: sed against hin. Adams snappod back like a wounded bear, “I'm the law in these sticks. Lei any Brush Creek Irishman try to broak Mart Adams, and by the Etornal Il skin and hang him for the buz- sards Lo pock!”” Toward morning, Adan’s mental horizon cloared and he knew his duty was to take the eleetion returns to the county seat, realizing

the penalty for failure (o do

seat. The Logisluturo had made @ mistake, setting the transfor of the township from Columbiana to Jefferson County for noon election day. They were now in 1 new township and count In spite of this new revelation, Adams was determined Lo bocomo a better pan and he kept his word. During his romaining days, he huill. one schoolhouse and two churches on his own, land, and provided the necessary space for a model “God’s Acre.’” Here he hinself hus now lain for ovor a century within a stone’s throw of where he was once small as a sel-made ruler, and became great by hecoming a servant of the people. (1)

Standing Kook - Bathers - Sarah Carson, Tke Carson, Mary Garson (in the waten). Lois I The Legend of Standing Rock Countless ages #0, the Great Spirit of the Universe for some unknown reason grow angry and in his wrath cuused a Loreible carthe quake to shake the rock ribbed hillsand deep valleys of the Yollow Creck Country. A owmwoth houldor, which staod proudly and majestically atop tho highest hill on the south side of Yellow Creek became ox- ceedingly alarmed and suid to the small rocks near it, “It must bo 1 who have caused the Greal Spirit

m White Eyes In the early days of the revolutionary war, White Eyes, a Deloware Indian Chief became very loyal to the Americans and with a few of his chosen warriors served in the Continental Ammy where he was held in high esteem by the army officials. Within this tribo of Delaware Indians were two antagonistic groups; the larger group - eager to attack the Americans during the Revo- lution 'was led by OId Pipe. The second smaller group was led by

White Eyes. The Chiefs were totally opposite in their disposition Pipe was jealous, vicious, easily misled and war-minded against the Whites, wherons, White Eyes was influenced by his favori missionary, Rev. David Jones and surounded himsell with like minded [adians who had accepted Christianity when that way of life was not popular among Indians wesL of the Ohio River. An incident arose carly in the year of 1778 when ten soldiers from the American garrison at Fori Pitt doserted and on examination they were found to be the most degraded, feared and hated spect mons of white humanity in the history of the Lerritory west of( Ohio River. OF the ten hoartless ruffians Matthow Elliott, Alexander

McKee and the three Girty brothers stopped in the Tuscarawns Valley to insist that the Indians go Lo war against the Americans. As expected, Pipe offered a willing oar and heard these invetorate liars tells how George Washington was killed, Congress hanged and the American army destroyed. Declaring that Lhe war was over, the Indians were encouraged Lo stop in and help themselvos. The scoundrels Turther implied hat the Whites were so furious over the loss of the war Lhat they were now preparingto kill all indian burn their crops and destroy their towns and wigwams. Pipe was ready (o act, but White Eyes was not. Tho later called an Indian powwow and requosted thal before any action was taken a committce should be sent (o Fort Pitt to find out if what Elliott and McKee were telling was the truth. When the committee returned they emphatically stated that the story of the deserters was untrue in every statement! This gave White Eyes a betler standing with his people and caused the jealous Pipo (o receive a severo sotback in his grasp on this tribe, much to his chagrin and

It was on this journey and in the neighborhood of Standing Rock that White Eyos was killed on November 10, 1778. Accordingto logend, the Indian known as Pipe murdered White Eyes as he was standing atop the Standing Rock in Yellow Creek. Other rumors however, placed blame for the illing on the treachery of an areri- can_ soldier. General Melntosh’s own account of the killing wi hazy, (the supposition being that this was done to avoid iritation of either the army or the Indians) and he let the idea gain pre- valence that this red patriol dicd of small pox. We do know, howover, that the government Indian agent had the son of White Eyes, George White Eyes sent o Princoton College at government, exponse, though **Colonol” While Eyes the father had been @ man of considerable wealth.

The Stone House - Mootelown, v The Underground Railroad The term ““Underground Railroad”” reportedly came about in 1831, when a slave named David Tice successfully eluded his pursuing master who exclainied *“Thal slave must have gone off on an underground railrond!” The underground railroad, roportedly hegun in the 1820°s and continued until the civil war, took in 2,800 to 3,000 miles of rouds and trails n Ohio - 117 of which were in Jefferson County. Th total number of slaves rescued chrough this effort has been est mated 1o be betwoon 40,000 and §0,000. James George, grandson of Judge Thomas George, reported that the Mooretown stations were located about hall way on the line from Cadiz to M. Pleasant to Salinesville. Here Henry Crabs kept & station on the hill overlaoking the George station in the valley. The line on which Moore’s Salt Works was lacated, reportedly be- 7

gan operations around 1827. Station agents rarely know beforshand when flecing slaves were o arrive, however, because thoy were conveyed by known friends the strangers were accepted. Due to its hiddon ““slave coller,” the George’s Stone House was o par ticularly good havon for the runaways. This gray stone house, with walls 18-to 20 inches thick, was built in 1818 of sandstono taken from the adjacent hills (o’ the north. The station harbored a8 many as 21 fugatives at one time, hiding them in the secret basement. compartnent. ‘This room, moasuring approximately 12 X 14, was separated from the main bascment by a stone wall. A trap door from the room above was the only evidonce of its existence and & lounge or col was kept over this trap door. One had to look very closoly to sce the trap door even pushed away. if the col, was Slaves traveling on this underground railroad were hidden during the day by Lheir benefactors and traveled during the night. Thoso who harbored slaves also took a_substantial risk. The penalty in Ohio at this time was a $1,000 fine and possible imprisonment. In an old diary, James Georgo found mention of many Slaves pas- sing_through.” During one such passage in 1857 a woman was hroughl Lo Georges and hidden in the bam covered with straw. liere the unfortunate woman was jabbed pitch fork by an unsuspecting hired man. In another incident, 1 gang of 20 slaves were heing conveyed from the Crabs Station. A laborer passing by reported sceing the slavos, stating that “the hills wore cover. od with then.” Judge Georgo taking in the situation, gave the laborer employment, joked with him and assured him it was all imagination. During thal day the slaves were hidden in Crabbs barn whero they were fed by Mrs. Annic Crabbs and that night thoy wore conveyed to Salineville and thon to Salom. Tho Underground Railrond wos considered a vicinily we're success and in certain the the Goorges and Crabbs are proud of the part their families played in this effort. v Morgan’s Rsid ““He wont that away” . .. For almost 92 years residents, of noarby Jofferson and Columbiana_Counties have pointed to thoir woods and hills in roply to questions from tourists. The man who “wont that, away” wes confederate Gonoral John H. Morgan, who came {o this region as an cnemy and deparied a colorful rencgade later lauded in Togond, poem and son. On July 25th, 1883, Lhe raiders rode across the thickly forosted hills of Jefferson County, reaching East Springfield in the after- noon. That community had been warned of Lheir approach and many families took theirmost valuable possessions and flod to the woods.

At the Mothodist Church where & choir rehearsal was in progress, Morgan’s men stolo the horses tied to the hitching rail. Continuing thoir journey, tha rebols raced through Circle Groen with the pursuing troops not fac behind them. It was dusk when thoy rorched the edge of Bergholz, thon called Nebo. Stopping at the farms of D. G. Allen, Herdman Taylor and Thomas McConaughy, they decided to make camp for the night. At the Allen farm, Mrs. Sara Allen was requested to feed the men. She later reported that they ato 14 loaves of bread, 2 pounds of butter, several crocks of honoy and drank 10 gallons of milk. Though tired, dirty and hungry, Mrs. Allen snid the men were courteous and considerate. Morgan himself spent his last camp on that memorable raid at the Taylor farm (a family coportod to be sympathelic Lo the south and therofore rogarded as “copperheads™) and dined on chicken. This site is the present residence of Mrs. Clarence Patton. Long béfore dawn the raiders broke camp, riding in the darkn toward Monroeville. After crossing Yellow Creek at the Taylor farm_the men bumed the covered bridge (at what was known as the Selisky proporty in later years) to delny the pursuing troops who had camped on Resingor Hill near the small mining sottle- ment known as Eastorn. The Raiders continuod toward Monroeville, frightening all on their path, requesting food, and oxchanging horses (It is interesting {0 note that the horses loft by Morgan were often roportedly superi- or Lo thse taken aftor thoy had rested). The Michigan Cavalry overtook the southerners heyond Bergholz and cight mon were Kill- ed before the raiders continued their dash and woro finally captured at approximately 2 p.m., July 26, 1863. AL the time of his surtender to George W. Rue, Morgan was carrying several thousand dollars in cash and his raiders had cost the state and federal government, over a million dollars, Although the ride ended in capture for Morgan, he knew bis mission had been sucoossful. His feats of daring had changed the aspoct and results of military operations in Kentucky and Ton- nessce that season. By diverting and delaying Union troops, ho was instrumental in the victory of the Confederates at the battle of Chickamauga. After the surrender near Lisbon, Morgan was imprisoned in the ponitentiary at Columbus, but escaped four months later, Cn a rainy night in September, 1864 he was shot by the Fedorals in a garden at Greenville, Tonnessee. Although his visit Lo Jofferson and Columbiana Counties had been brief, ii. was unforgettablo . . . 50 unforgottabla that far down into the future the people around East Springfield, Bergholz, Salinc- i ville and Monracvillo will continue to point to their woods and say “‘He went that way . . ." This account was taken from a story written by Mary Poobles, formerly of Amsterdam, Ohio, for the *“Canton Repository™. VI Tho Home Guard e folloving is a rather anusing story related to Morgan's Raid. s material is taken from R. W. Shillings first book TALES YELLOW CRE! OF During tho summer of 1863 whon General John Morgan was reported in tho arca near New Somerset, a group called the “‘Home Guards” was organized consisting mostly of boys and a few men 100 old to enlist in the amy, but able (o ride a horse Lo protect their homes from the invader Morgan. The whole assembly rode to Town Fork on Yellow Crock with the firm belicf that this would be the route Morgan would take. Armed rusty old muzzle-loadors, squirrel rifles and shot guns, they reached the Yellow Creck Valley and cach one tested his ariillery to be suro it was in proper condition to combat the enomy in this grave cause and invariably reloaded it with a heavier chargo of powder. Dotermined that the home fires must be kept burning no matter what the cost, the echo and reverboration of the rifles in the Yellow Creek hills sounded much like *“tho charge of the Light Brigade™ and was rare music Lo these defenders of liberty. The Home Guards numbering almost a hundred men mounted and anequal number afoot met, (o witness this “Battle of Yellow Creek.” Some were mounted on good horses, more were astride dunb, old, plow horses, and a few had wheezy wind-broken old crow baits that could hardly be clubbed out of o walk. All the Home Guards wore oxercising thoir rights of froe speech during this time on the Lopic of what ireatment they proposed to give {he horse-stealing genoral should he dare to come in sight and (o get the proper background we must remem ber that in th days there were almost no bridgos ovor Yellow Crock. In addition newspapors were few and news Lravelod very slowly, espocially to those farmers living on off-road locations. On the hilltop flanking the right side of Yallow Creck lived Adam Culp, & man generally known as a church loader. Ho practiced his religion with the same eanestness he workod his fertile acros and tionored the Sabbath Dy by rigorously obsorving it. Hearing the shooling in the valloy below he came Lo the brow of the hill to inquire into this desecration of the Holy Day. Ono of the Home Guard spied this devout gentleman as he moved down the hill among the trees. Culp callod down to him asking the cause of the commotion. The guard, however, helieved Culp i was General Morgan himself and thoughl he hud said, “Hell, watch them going.” Instantly the Home Guards had one thought and one objective in common - to get out, get on top of tho hill, and ge home. The first horses crossed the creok with one jump. The wheezy, string. halt ones fell quickly into the rear, their hanving ribs belabored by swinging goads, and their extra reserve cnergy quickenad by the wicked yells of their ridors urging them Lo do ot dic. The flight was so rapid that a guard placed at the far end of the nar- sows was loft standing. The unnoticed guard came along the road later and met Culp. Togother they walked io New Somerset to learn the cause of the hasty exil. Whal Adam Culp had actually said was, “Hello, what is wrong?”’ Vit Johony Appleseed Because Johnny Appleseed is known to have traveled through Knoxville, Hammondsyille and Lisbon, it is very possible that he also passed our way. For this reason the following account is included. The matorial for this story was largely taken from R.W. Shillings YELLOW CREEK STORIES. John Chapman, later Jobnny Appleseed, was born near Bunker Ill, on September 26, 1774. At the age of Lwenty-one, Chapman roceived a kick from o horse which fractured his skull and from that Limo on his bohavior was often not considered normal. At the age of twenty-eight, Chapman who had been a bright boy until the accident, induced his fourteen year old brother to run away with him. On foot the two made their way to Fort Duquesne, now Pittsburgh. Hore, they wore later joined by their family and all floated down the' Ohio River in *‘peroguc’ which had been dug from a poplar irce. The family made their way to Marietta and it was here that Jobnny Appleseed embarked upon the business of planting nurseries. Chapman traveled from Marietta to Sandusky, plahting trees all the way. He also made several trips down the Ohio River, and reporiedly had a nursery a few miles below the present town of Mingo, 1L is likely that from this nursery treos wero sold to those in the Yellow Creck territory, many of which were reportedly bear- ing almost a contury lator, Like all cccentrio people, Johnny Applescod was surroundod by 2 halo of mystery and wisdom. Though ho proferred buckskin and moceasins in wintor, Chapinan was also somewhat given Lo strange clothing. He would often be scen in pantaloons with one leg of one_color of cloth and the othor an entirely different kind and color - shoos he abborred. At one Lime he also used a coffee sack for a suil of clothing by cutting boles in it for his limbs and head. 8

He was also fond of wearing a tin kettle on bis head, in lieu of a hat, which he used to boil mush - his favorite dish. Chapman preferred o eat by himself and only ate one food at a meal, and if possible he did all his eating out of doors - be it black walnuts, apples or corn mush. Johnny Appleseed was never without money, was kind to every- body and gave freely Lo benevolent purposes. He would never beg. and"would often travel long distances barefoot. through the snow. Quite a web of suporstition was woven about this strange man, much of it plain imagination. Chapman also gave the pioncos tlements more than_ applosceds. Because the Indians were his friends, he often used his influence to keep peace herween them and the sctelers. The rumor thal he died penniless was nonsens for records show that be owned 1721 acres of land on file at Fori Wayne, whore he was buricd at the ago of 71. Like many men of great valuo, kis worth was appreciated 100 lnte; but like the truly great, his name lives on. VIl Operation Skywatch During the Korean War an air defonse system was developed in Bergholz in_cooperation with a nationwide Air Force Sky Watch Progran, which was designod to provide adequate waming in case of enemy ait attack. The local walch was organized by Dwight Hanson and went into operation in late June, 1952, Thirty-nine womon, fifty-five men, sixtcen girls and eightecn hoys were involved in the program and were trained to identify vario alreraft. “Folks seem W enjoy doing the observations™ Mr. Hanson reporied and a total of §4 man hours a week was required to keep the post going with the women chipping in another 54 hours. Jimay Stone, then age 12, was one of the youngest members of Skywateh and Gerald Champion, then 66, and Mrs. Earl Crabbs who admited (o being over 21 and # grandmother also stood regular tours of duty. Mickey Finn, Richard Featheringham, Dalo Parsons and Joyco Neel were among the first in the group o re- coive special recognivion for amassing more than 30 hours of watch. Otker volunteers included Eleanor Elliott, The Rev. Mark Cald- well, and Jamos and John Whalon. The watchtower was located about 30 feel in the air atop the Bergholz Civic Club. When the skywaich program was organized, Clarence Elliott and William Cartwright of the Bergholz Lumber Company saw that Dwight Hanson meant business and signed the bill for the lumber for construction of the tower. Twenty mon work- ed on the construction with Bill Elliott and Hack Carson donating their lime as ohief carpenters. The job was comploted in two deys 79 at a cost of 3211, Lumber for the control room was oblained by tearing down he fonce surrounding the high school athletic fiold (with the permission of sehool authorities, of course) and instal- lation of the phone was paid for by City Council with Mr. Hanson signing for calls mede at loast in the oarly weeks of the conter. Stanley Sumkowski served as chief observor with Ed Daugherty and Stanley May, Assistant Chicf Observors. While Mr. Daugherty was on duly in those early weeks, a mysterious object, similar to a flying saucer was sighted throughout the state, and appoared in the Borgholz sky flying southwest. The Canton Filler Conter was notiied but no trace of the object was found. Fighter jets hasod in Clevoland, Columbus and Youngstown aitempled to intercopt the mysterious object but without success. The people in Bergholz received no pay for their tiresome work in the Skywalch Program. However, they were proud o be a part of this nationwide Air Force defense program.

CHAPTER VI

Epilogue

Community Description 1L Former Postmasters, Bankers, Doctors, Dentists, Mayors L. Local Points of Historic Interest v, Current Bergholz. Famili listod Bibliography,

The Village of Bergholz is located in a picturesque valley of Yellow Crock in the northwest part of Jefferson County, Ohio, on State Route 164, 25 miles northwost of Steubenville (the county seat) 45 miles southwest of Canton, 95 miles south of Cleveland and 65 miles west of Pittsburgh. Currently, approximatoly 950 persons make their home in Berghol: These rosidents are largoly omployed as miners, steel worke plant employees, railroad and highway employees and as omploy. ees of various business places in the communily. Schools and Churches in the aron include the now John Gregg

Elementary School and the newly expanded Springfield High School, both loeaied approximately 2 miles from Bergholz in the Eastern Arca.

Five religious denominations have houses of worship in Bergholz, these include: The Mothodist Church, The Church of Christ, The Assembly of God, the Bergholz Baptist Church and The Unitod Presbyterian Church. The following lists include Postmasters, Mayors, Bankors, Doctors and Dentists known to have served the community. POSTMASTERS John G, Kitk Mrs. Mollie M. Morrow James M. McClave Stanley Sumkowski Charles A. Johnson Helen L. Griffith Howard W. Allison Lewis James Dyo John M. McBain Gay Wosley Smith Henty D. Eynon Emest Ramsoy Edward Peterson Williar Allmon - Nebo Harry E. Marshall Johin McFaley - Nebo Arlean Spoicher William K. Hoobler - Nebo ‘ Harold A. Carson John Wright- Nebo Donald J. Carson David M. Dickson - Nebo John M. Poplin

MAYORS Charles Johnson Keith Felton S, G. Carson John Amstutz Ed. Wallace Soars Edwards D. C. Jones Orville Sivits Ben Lloyd Ralph Sensibaugh John Speicher Dick Carson Sam Humphries Charles (Sheenie) Johnson Jack Johnson Sam Boyd Robert Maple Verda Starn Tioward S}

BERGIOLZ BANKERS John George Thomas Crabs A G. MeBane D. C. MeLain Waldon Walker Kennoth Carson Arta Allonsworth Larey Crow Robert George DOCTORS John Allmon (Nebo) Dr. Henry Hammond Dr. . R. Malone Dr. Clarence B. Ruwors Dr. Hatiery Dr. Machuriak Dr. John W. Carson Dr. R. Dean Dowling DENTISTS Dr. Josse Y. Walker Dr. Rogers. Dr. John Do Christefora

Plac and Points of Intorest

THE OLD BRICK HOUS in Nebo, built in 1820 by Jumes Allmon, founder of the community. THE HESS HOUSE - also known ns the Fulton llouse, located on Fifth Streot. Built in 1836 of handmade bricks fashioned from clay on the premiscs, by Willian Kelly, who according to legond dreiumed of a town here. The Kellys had no children of their own, but did raise his brother’s throo orphan children, one of whom was Christiana who later married Morris Hess and was responsible for platting the lown of Bergholz. Currently occupied by the Tom Danicls aily. THE MORGAN BRIDGE - located at Nebo - tha southern eatrance to Bergholz. PIONEER BRICK - located on 161 south of Bergholz. Originally the Peter MeBane property, this farm and home was bought in the carly 1900°s by Paul Blasko. At one timo this 1842 rosidence was used for a holel. People going to Steubenville Lo pay their taxes often stayed horo, The property was later sold Lo Elizaboth Blasko Evanosky who oporated The Midway Restaurant from March, 1955 May, 1972, The Women's World Beauty Salon ix currently located on'the property. Thirleen acres of Mr. Blasko's land was also sold to the Springficld Township Board of Education. THE STONE HOUSE - located cast of Berghol at Mooretown. Buill in 1818 by Judge Thomas George. The hor o was also a link in the Underground Railway. THE GRAY SANDSTONE MONUMENT - orected in 1871y Robert 53

George in memory of the soldiers of Ross Township who lost their livos in the war of rebellion, Located oast of Borgholz at Moore- town near the stone house.

THE MOORETOWN U. P. CHURCH, built in 1858 . Located at- Mooretown. STANDING ROCK - located onst of Borgholz in Yellow Creek, where the stream passes through the Christen Farm. THE CLARENCE PATTON HOME - located on Taylor Crock Roud - whore Morgan spent his last night bofore capture near Monroeville. ament Residents of Bergholz possessing a Bergholz Mailing Address listed with the U. 5. Post Office. Fdna Mebier Glonn Moore June Herderson Walter Monigold Janes Sione ar. Damin Johsson Willian Wilkins aihel Lodge 2ubeth Bovd William Evanosy vl Jotnson Willinm Furbec Dradley Houschalder Ray Mallemco Clyde Tucker Paul Vade Dale Palmer Joseph Howers Rev. Doleie Stewart Nary Massh. Koy dasnston Fex Grafton Willian Rowley Ed Dailoy Tarald Stewart Stanley Staten Ronald Reed MG, Vandenmullen Astunt Cheuvrant Jessio Evancsky Tom Longhon Mry Dallison John Allmon Jumos Bray Jack Mar: Dillon Brothers Hallic Walker David k. Taglor Ermost Riley William Tompkins Charles MeLaughlia Robert C. Campbell James Wiandl John Slatesgeorge Felion . C. Stewar Willian Teuby Stophen Young. Konneth Kemuee Join R, Carson Lery Saltsman Lorog Howoll Touna Wagner Stanley Smyth Charles Cizioon George Paterson Hary Lou Maple Charlos Puisley Howard Shephord Emest Ramsey William Cooper Floyd Vorgan Koiih Hanson Roy Huckathar Johanna Kolley Alex V. Furhee Grover Ovens Litta Stam Hortka Wise Grace Jenking James Smith Chirles J. Grinn, Karen Long Loura Grin. Basil Bvans Pat Elliott Donald Lyons Hazold Kemmor Lera Palmer Carl Randalson Robers Mackey Donald Kowe Florence eClintach Larry Crow Grace Marohull Joseph Payna Rosa Palner Bon Maple Payne Mory Horkey Jerry Iutehison SamRichard MeCoy George Crin Nanie Adams George Gardner Kay Blosser Earl Elliott Gorald Slates Jusse Linp Mndeline Porsons Anthony Kowal John Bico Tsabelle Johnson Trma Hackathorn Clydo Hovd Joe Boath Joseph Cunpbell Joe Christic Butch Hackathor George Gardner Michael Koscho Herman Morrow

John Ater Hogh Tolligan Georgo Davis Louie Po Laweence Wagner Joseph Keanedy Koy Gotse Mefane Insurarce Acvell Dillon 84

Clydo Evans Pautine Deberarding Thomas Hulehison Jerey Workan Freomnn Grinm John . Miller Norua Dason liott Lela George ohn W, Elioll Mo win Noel Froneis B. Baker Don Wilioms. Charles Dray Edwin Palmer David Snith Jake Randalson il Connor Jr. Goorgo Dalrsmple Williun: Stam Mury Maple Fank Evanosky Charles Huzby Leland Dillon William Alexander Lilliam Daugherty Tsabolle Harris Alma Wallace Nordie Hoadnell James MeConnoll Roy Cvengrons Pot Vincenizo Lloyd Custor Russell Ricor Richurd Hutchison Churles Kemmer Idella Amstutz it Morcor Roy Puckott Luura Wilson, Howard Rhodes Jdohn . Daviss Rohert lazelip Jin Dillon Sallsman Lawrence Leake William Dinger ses Georgo Se. Flor MeGorle Dean Shophord Shorman Stout Willian Grecn Joo Berrdinelli Jumes Myers Gillert Turvey ‘Andrew Gubanez: Gory Sutes. Lloyd Sunmors Wai, T, Willey Willa Ellioit Nes. Banmotl, Grimes John Uieich Jr. Virginia Dullison Luwronce Wagner Jr. Rov. Fred. Joans Mollie Hackathom Trene Parsons Mike Croman Devid Eynon Jr. 05 ¥. Culp Simon Speicher Charlos Spaar Don Morria Poarl Fontheringhon Peg. Amstaty Charlea Scont Vords Starn Robert Leake Alex Furbee S, Jon Tirden Lawrence Connor John Spoicher Rosu Turvey Mildred Grinm Paul Crov Goorg Guots Dilton Woods John Gersna Sr. Thomans Duniols Clyde Dowmard Thomas Stropki Robert Toddle. David W. Fiaer Olive Fian Danny Koterba Poa Hannen Willian Gordon John Brown Wilner Griffith Willian Nurphy Joseph Beaduell Myron Lonkey George Reed Horald Robbins: Richard Myers Dean Morell Myrle Gordon Hazel Featheringhan Muriel Hanso Oliver Henderson Edwin Slates Ravmond Bovd Alva Grirom Vivian Morelln Boons Beadnell Richurd Allen Beridenida Heflin Don HeComnaughy Wayne Bverbar William Jognson Noru Baker Willian Truby Jr. Jinunie Eynon Harold Shates Helon Grifith Jncob Randalsan Rev. Fd. Hilbert Charles Evanosky Kol ¥. Hoyd Douglas Campboll Chostr K. Snith Bert chols Nelson Rhodos. Nargaret liackathom Bruce Kalina Hazold Leake William Mosgen Clus. Joyuson Gingor Eckenrode William Schmitt Wallor Norgan Saul Mick Willin I Myers Charles Higgins Jr. Jr. Detchon Heelor Shepherd Gail Ash Paul Robinsan Loster Howell Puul Talkington Ronald Berurd Ray Rovdobush A, W. Hulchizon Hary Finn Jr. Murgaiet Church oo Patrisko Dale Fealhoringham: Chatlos Gervason Jr. Gilbert Rowan ¥. C. Elliolt Moo Evans Perry Stout Vilds Rowley Put, Sanber Edith Higgin. John L. Roudebush Richard Poppler Tim Freoman Harry Tioflin Mabel Fing. Willin Rowe Russ & Groham Evelyn Stone Loy Sivots Elizaboth Cartwright Lawrunce Wagner Sr. Baplist Chureh Ciizens Banking 85

Honry Bdwards Hovard Frank Evanosky Fired Bondle Altred Sara Davis. Deris Elliott Laey ldon Dunes Conl James NeKee a Griffth Jeflrey Plute

Temard Fvanosky Danie! Clarc Jeffeey Hutehison Richurd Runbrgh Harvey Kdgoll Michateen Pictrzak James Hale

BIBLIOGRAPHY HISTORY & BIOGRAPHY OF JEFFERSON COUNTY Doyle (1910) HISTORY OF THE UPPER OHIO VALLEY Brant & Fuller (1890) TALES OF YELLOW CREEK Shilling (1943) YELLOW CREEK STORIES Shilling (1947) GRANDMOTIER'S STORY Kean Crabbs Family History Allmon Family History Goorge Pamily History Welght Family History Serapbook - Eihel Lodge Additional News Articl Personal Intorviews

3 s Lis 320 528 86

TABLE OF CONTENTS Inttoduction Dodicalion 1 Acknowledgononts . CUAPTER 1 3 Seltling The Yellow Creek Countey 5 CHAPTER 1t Berghol. Grows Up And Goor Ta Work .. 1 The History. 15 I The Busineses 17 L The Raileonds and Yinas 7 IV. Conmunity Improvemonts 5 3 V." Organizations and Anccdoies T4 CHAPTER 10 School Days Teachers pr RV Foundations Ministors - of Faih .. 5 .. Maoretown~ Yollow 5 Borghol Church o First Presbyloriun Chareh % o Teinity U. b. Church 5 Tho Bergholy Church of Christ 30 The Mothodist Episcopal Churcl e The Assombly of God Church - e The Berghols Baptist Church . & CHAPTERv Tale Talos and True ... 6 1. The Indoctrinatinn of Mariin Aduins 1L The Logend of Slanding Rock 60 I hite Tyee 7 IV, The Undergro n V. Morgan's Raid 7 VI The Home Guard 75 VI Johnny Applesced 7 VL Oporution Skywatch - Las CHAPTER VI Epilogue L. Commnicy Doseription 82 1L Fomer Postnastera, Baniers, oc & L Local Points of Historic (niorest B3 IV, Cutrent Benghalz Fumilios 81 V. Bibliogeaphy Fy

Puol o Libraryof Steubenvilla 407 5. and4th JeffersonStroot County Steubenville, Ohio 43952

The Bergholz Story a history of Bergholz and the surrounding aren 1805 - 1976 R 977.13 Be

The Bergholz story

Compiled by Marianne W. Featheringham

THIS IS A REFERENCE BOOK TO BE USED IN THE LIBRARY. T CANNOT BE CHECKED A Bicentennial ProjdiBf For othexr The Bergholz Junior Women's Club books that can be checksd out on this subject, consult the librarian.