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Introduction 32157 00252 2209 INTRODUCTION Because_there is a substantial amount of material of historical interest in the area surounding Bergholz proper, this account will include not only Bergholz but will also make reference to events, settlements and porsons in the nearby outlying arca. The macerial found in this volune was gathered from old history texts, non-fiction historical novels, fanily histories, news articles and personal interviews. Due to the fact that a ceriain amount of our pioneer history was passed from generation to gencration “by word of mouth,” there may oceasionally be a discreptancy between this account and othor stories with whieh the reader is familiar. In gathering this material these differences did arise and in these instances the author hus entered into this account what was b lieved to bo tho most accurate version. Any omissions which have oceurred in the preparation of this text were due to oversight rather than intent. It is hoped that your enjoyment in reading this test is equal Lo the authors enjoyment in compiling il. In the words of Dr. Robert Wilson Schilling, “Whatever is recomled is preserved; Whatever is remen- bered i Tost,”” DEDICATION to_the spirit of those early pioncers who This book is dedicated oven in the midst of hardship could thankfully reflect . “Grain and a mill o grind it, maple suger and o lasses - vegetables of il kinds (o satisly tho everyday wants and no thristing for luxuries - good heallh and everyhody contented and happy.” Taken from the Crabbs Family History- Written in 1883 May we renew our faith this hicentennial year and move thought- faure with much the samo spirit as those carly Tully inw the ago. pionecr forofuthers, who seled this aren nearly 200 yoars ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The author wishes o especially thank Eleanor Elliott, for her work in compiling material for Chapior V' and Mary C. Crim for her help in gothering matorial so that this book could bo written. Special thanks is also duc the following persons who were particularly helpful. Elsie Crabbs Ethel Lodge Myrtle Gordon John Speicher Majorie Koscho Harland Jackman Jean Manrod Ralph and Maxine McBane Ken and Charlotte Carson Mabel Casey Esqueline Griffith Betiy Stowart Dr. A, Eileen Cozar. ‘The author also wishes Lo thank the Bergholz Junior Women's Club, who mede the publication of this hook possible. CHAPTER | Settling The Yellow Creek Country CHAPTER 1 Settling The Yellow Creek Country cingficld township was the first civil township carved out of the original five and was set off by the County Commissioners on De- mber 6, 1504 It then included Brush Creek, Ross and half of Salem Township, about one-seventh of Harrison County and half of Carroll, large enough to make a small county in itself. The first clection was held al the housc of David Lyon in East Springfield, commonly called the Gillis settlement. The rugged character of the country brought settlors slowly, and e doep, dark ravines furnished conveniont. Iairs for wild animals after they had retired rather generally from other paris of the county. John Kirk, who came here about 1813, related that wolves would approach within n few stops of the farmhouse and make night hid ous with their howlings. One cvening after dark as he was coming home he heard & noise in a thicket and started his dog in that, dir cetion. A pack of wolves stated up and tho pursuors bocame the pursucd. Tle roached his cabin, which fortunately was close by but nover found & trace of the dog. which was ovidenily devoured by ki wild progenitors. What is now Brush Creck Township, Jeflerson County, Ohio, was very slowly settled because its rough hill-land, doop, narrow val- leys and scrub oak soil were nol a favorable drawing card to early ploncer farming. For some yoars, hunting, “boiling salt” and “stilling” were the main business altractions in chis uninviting region. Later wheat raising hecame a considorablo farming industry and in the early 1900°s grazing and stock raising became impor- tant. When finally settled, those south of Chesnut Ridge wore mostly rugged Irish in ancestry and those settling north of this ridge were predominently thrifty Scoteh. Both groups brought with ther: muny of their homeland customs, but socially kept as scparate as sheep and goats - having only one trail in common - & love and taste for rye whiskey. While the Scots had a regular interval between *“Nips of the jolly water,” the ruddy Irish “swigzed” on the demijohn wniil this “nectar of the Gods” was entirely gone and he could prove the fact by turning the little jug upside down and *‘not an- other drap come out of it.” When drink got the hest of judgnent, ho often strayod off his own clearing (o exerciso his fists, per- teetly satisficd howevor the rumpus ended. Owing to the lack of roads and sparceness of taxpaying settlers, the early tax collectors practically refused to make their aanual visits o Brush Creek because the collection was hardly worth the offort. The main and most important reason was that many of these setilors had ardent objections o taxiation, Maving lived in Wostorn Pennsyivania during the “‘Whiskey Rebellion," they had found that often fists would speak betior for them than (ongues could ever dare. Both county officials and tax collectors awaited ) the day when they could wish the Brush Creek country off on somo other unsuspecting county. It was nearly 80 yoars howover, before Columbiana County’s prayors were answered and Brush Crook’s transfer to Jefferson County was quickly agreed to with the forvent, wishes that this wild land would permancnly stay under its now jurisdietion, Among the early Brush Creck sottlers was Martin Adams, o bache- lox who bought his farm from the government in 1803, moving there on March 25, 1806. He was a justice of the peace and also donatod the land for & school (1) “and the Ghestnut Grove Church and cem~ etery, Adams ran a mill and distillery and accumulated a large fortune which was scattered at his death among impatient and dis- satisfied legatees. Martin Adams came to Lhik aron not of his own volition, but in an effort to seck safe haven Irom being arrested by federal officers for his loo energetic participation in the Whiskey Rebellion of Western Ponnsylvania, Adams prime fault was boing on the wrong side of that historical i ssue in 1794, Ross Township, named in honor of James Ross, was laid off by the County Commissioners in 1812, The area lies to the north of Salem and cast of Springfield, the northern hall being rough and hilly, and the southern part a good farming section. Before 1800 and os late as 1805 “‘squatters™ built cabins on Yellow Creek, subsisting on game and fish and as salt was @ prod- uct of this region, these “‘squatters” had little troublo securing merchandise needed by them in barter for this mineral. These salt springs were also noticed by the very earliost settlers on Yellow Creek; and when the goverment surveys wore made Section 84 was rotained as public land, containing valuable min- eral. Among the first permanent settlers were: Thomas George, Allen Speedy, Arthur Latimer, Stephen Cue, Ludowich Hardenbrook, dosoph. Elliott, William Scott, John Larquhar, Henry Crabbs, Josoph Reed, lsaac Shane, Thomas Bay, Mordecai Moore, “Daddy Dixon, Robert Bambill, John McEliery, Alex Johnston, William Grimes and Captain Allen Henry Grege. Tho governimwnt retention of Section 54 however, did not ‘prevent the settlors from utilizing the springs in tho manufacture of salt, which was then worth $8 Danicls in 1802 erected a small 2 bushel in the Ohio Valley. Henry furnace for boiling the salt water. He sunk o hollow sycamore log in an upright position at the spring, and from this the salt water was dipped into the boiling kettlos, producing about threo bushols (Msce Chapter V, Tall Tales and True “The Tndoctrination of Martin Adams” 6 Jutge Thomas George Henry Crabs per day, @ erude process certuinly, bul profitable at the then pre- vailing prices. Wood was used for fuel in these fumaces, but about 1820 coal was substituted hy Mordecai Moore, and the salt water was pumped into a_reservoir and conducted by means of wooden pipos back to the bIuf whero the fuel was obtained. Howover, the supply from the spring was limited and the brine was weak. Con- sequently, (he product was not nearly equal Lo the demand. At this juncture; John Peterson, an ex-torritorial constable conceived the idew of boring a well. The facilities were very poor, the work being done by hand, assisted by a spring pole. But perscverance pre- vailed and at n dopth of 500 feet a flow of salt water was struck ““strong enough (o carry an egg.” Other wells followed and 2 plenti- ful supply was obtained. In the meantime Mr. Moore substituted shallow pans for evaporating tho water, superseding the old ketlos, and carried on business for & number of years until competition al other points made it unprofitable. Mr. Moore’s works wore not all in Scction 34, he later moved o o Scction 25 where he founded what was known as Moore’s Sall Works or Moorctown, although the word “town™ must bo used hero in @ very restricted sense. Here Stephen Coe, in 1805, erected the first grist mill in the township and Roberl George kept tho first Store in 1835, Township clections were held at the residence of Henry Crabs until 1850 and afterward at school house No. 3. Wil- liam Scoll acted as first Justice of the Peace. Robert George, a native of the (ownship, hom March 9T, 1806, not only hegan the first store in the lownship at Moorelown in 1825, butalso loft an enduring landmark to his name by erecting @ gray sandstone monument in 1871, at a cost of $700, 1o the memory of the soldiers of Ross Township who lost their lives in the war of rebollion.
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