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i U FIELDIANA

Geology NEW SERIES, NO. 16

Literature of the Receptaculitid Algae: 1805-1980

Matthew H. Nitecki

Kristine L. Bradof

Doris V. Nitecki

November 30, 1987 Publication 1380

PUBLISHED BY FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY Information for Contributors to Fieldiana

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References should be typed in the following form:

Croat, T. B. 1978. Flora of Barro Colorado Island. Stanford University Press, Stanford, Calif., 943 pp. Grubb. P. J, J. R. Lloyd, andT. D. Pennington 1963. A comparison of montane and lowland rain forest in Ecuador. I. The forest structure, physiognomy, and floristics. Journal of Ecology, 51: 567-601. Langdon. E. J. M. 1979. the Yage among Siona: Cultural patterns in visions, pp. 63-80. In Browman, D. L., and R. A. Schwarz, eds.. Spirits, Shamans, and Stars. Mouton Publishers, The Hague, Netherlands. J. 1946. Mirra. The historic tribes of Ecuador, pp. 785-821. In Steward, J. H, ed.. Handbook of South American Indians. Vol. 2, The Andean Civilizations. Bulletin Bureau of 143, American Ethnology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC. Stolzk. R. G. 1981. Ferns and fern allies of Guatemala. Part II. Polypodiaceae. Fieldiana: Botany, n.s., 6: 1-522.

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Geology NEW SERIES, NO. 16

Literature of the Receptaculitid Algae: 1805-1980

Matthew H. Nitecki

Department of Geology Field Museum of Natural History Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496

Kristine L. Bradof

Department of Geology and Geophysics University of Minnesota Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455

Doris V. Nitecki

Department of Geology Field Museum of Natural History Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496

Accepted for publication August 15, 1985 November 30, 1987 Publication 1380

PUBLISHED BY FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY © 1987 Field Museum of Natural History Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 87-81835 ISSN 0096-2651 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Table of Contents

Abstract 1

Introduction 1 Names of Authors 2 Dates of Publications 2 Titles of Publications 2 Main Entry 3 Acknowledgments 4 Bibliography 4

in

Literature of the Receptaculitid Algae: 1805-1980

Abstract The practice of constructing synonymy lists that purport to cite all references as a step in the sys- This bibliography of 1 ,649 published references tematic description of taxa appears now to be an summarizes the progress of study and the history impossible task that has outlived its usefulness. of changing ideas and concepts about receptacu- As the present bibliography shows, to quote all the litids, a class of algae composed of Receptaculi- references to the genus Receptaculites, for exam- All tales, Cyclocrinitales, and Radiocyatales. sys- ple, would make a synonymy list longer than the tematic descriptions, and all major stratigraphic actual description or definition of the genus itself. and occurrences of are geographic receptaculitids While it is possible that synonymy lists were valu- believed to be included. is Each entry accom- able and easily compiled in the past (when the an abstract of data panied by consisting objective literature was small), at the present time (when the on discussion or of description, illustration, listing literature is enormous) they represent a custom the and receptaculitid paleontology, stratigraphy. that may merely provide assurances that the lit- erature was partially read. Ofcourse, selective syn- onymy lists offer a reasonable vehicle for redefin- and a taxon and for certain Introduction ing restricting rejecting definitions by deliberate omissions or by insertion of the Latin prefix non. The selective synonymy The purpose of this bibliography is twofold: first, list also allows for the propagation of preferred to provide for future work a synonymy list of re- published ideas. Even if complete lists ceptaculitids that is as complete as possible; sec- synonymy were to would seldom be ond, and equally important, to compile data on practical produce, they the references to all aspects of receptaculitids to help in deciphering read; therefore, listing species may as well be abolished. We that our the pattern of their geographic and stratigraphic hope bibliog- will future need for lists distribution and thus to plot the evolutionary path raphy replace synonymy in In all our future work of this problematic group of fossils. receptaculitid systematics. on we will refer to the vol- The bibliography annotates references describ- receptaculitids, present ume rather than a new ing, illustrating, discussing, or listing receptaculi- compile synonymy listing. tid morphology and occurrences. Although we are We have avoided subjective judgments as much not certain whether receptaculitids belonged with as possible. We are correcting only spelling errors the chlorophytes, we do not doubt that they were and including only published changes in taxonomy algae. We follow here a modified Nitecki and or stratigraphy. For example, "Lower Silurian" in Toomey (1979b) classification and recognize as older literature refers to the Ordovician; Gold- receptaculitid algae all the fossils placed in the fuss's 1 826 assignment of Receptaculites neptuni class Receptaculitaphyceae and including the or- to the Jurassic of Switzerland has been shown to ders Receptaculitales, Radiocyatales, and Cyclo- be in error. All changes made by us are in brackets. crinitales. Of course, perfect objectivity in works like this

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE is never possible, nor always desirable. For ex- u, which are represented by ae, oe, and ue. All ample, we had to decide which taxa to include in Russian names (and words) are transliterated as receptaculitids: while Leptopoterion mammiferum consistently as possible. is a receptaculitid taxon, L.faberi is not; the Mas- In order to avoid any future confusion, the full

lov 1 960 reference to Cretaceous cyclocrinitids is first names, when known to us, are provided, very doubtful; Permian calathids are not related whether or not the authors actually used them in to the receptaculitid Calathium. Therefore, some their publications. After prolonged usage of the references to "receptaculitid" taxa (e.g., L.faberi) middle name or initial, certain authors have dis- are excluded from the bibliography and from the continued using it in subsequent publications. index to be published soon. Again, to avoid doubts as to authorship, we have We hope that all references to the systematic included the middle name or initial in these cases. descriptions have been included, and that in this sense our bibliography is complete, at least as far as the Receptaculitales are concerned. However, Dates of Publications the references to stratigraphic and geographic dis- tribution are most likely incomplete. This is be- The attempt to determine the exact date of pub- cause the abundance of stratigraphic references in lication in order to establish priority of authorship our bibliography is proportional to our familiarity of a taxonomic name is an obsession of system- with geographic regions, and this familiarity de- atists. Perhaps much too much time has been spent creases away from the Upper Mississippi Valley on this frequently impossible task. The dates on region. covers of books or journals (even on systematic Contrary to claims usually made, "good" li- publications such as the Journal of Paleontology) braries, and particularly "good" reprint libraries, or on the title pages of reprints are notoriously are frequently limited and regional in character. inaccurate. The precise dates are particularly dif- Our departmental reprint library at Field Museum ficult to determine when the publication is dis- is such a library, and although it has initially helped tributed in advance copies, as with prepublication us with many stratigraphic references, it has also releases of "significant" results. It is often impos- skewed our presentation in favor of the midcon- sible to determine whether the date printed rep- tinent of North America. In addition, we list the resents the date of publication, public distribution, Illinois State Geological Survey Educational Series review distribution, advance distribution, bulk Guidebooks because we are familiar with them. mailing, printing, sale, or news distribution, or any We do not imply that other state survey guide- other conceivable date. After trying to solve these books do not exist, but simply that we did not find riddles, we realized that they were often unsolv- them. This further distorts our picture of recep- able and rarely important. Therefore, we have list- taculitid distribution. We thus acknowledge the ed the dates as they appear on the publication, bias in at least our pattern of distribution of re- unless there is published evidence to the contrary. ceptaculitids. Unfortunately, whether recognized In those cases, we have listed the "correct" date or not, such biases are always part ofcompilations in brackets. In the instances where the dates were of this kind. questioned but not resolved in previous publica- Our bibliographic entries consist of the name of tions, we indicated them by a question mark. For the author, the date of publication, title and as- the undated publications, we guessed the dates and sociated references of the publication, and the main placed them in brackets with a question mark. entry.

Titles of Publications Names of Authors

The titles ofarticles, books, journals, series, etc., All entries are arranged alphabetically by author are given entirely without abbreviations. In gen- and chronologically within authors. The prefixes eral, we have used abbreviations only where they Mc in Irish and Scottish names are listed alpha- were self-evident and widely accepted (e.g., pp. for betically as mc, not as mac. The spellings of family pages and n. sp. for new species). The number of names of authors (or for that matter, all other pages, figures (when numbered), maps, tables, and proper names) are unaltered except for the um- charts are always given. lauted vowels, particularly the German a, 5, and In paleontological bibliographies, the most trou-

FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY blesome problem is determining what constitutes Main Entry a paleontological publication. Although we are not concerned with the legalistic aspect, we are con- The length of our treatment of a particular ref- fronted with a question of definition. There are erence does not reflect the length or significance diverse means ofpublishing, encompassing a spec- of that reference; nor is our listing of taxa pro- trum of different purposes, origins, and produc- portional to the importance of the publication. In tions of printed matter. Books by well-known general, if a reference provides only a stratigraphic presses almost by definition must be included in and/or geographic listing of one or a few taxa, our includes all of the information any bibliography. However, the number of pages, entry we found. Of works are the book size, the printing, and how the publica- necessity, monographic proportionally more abbreviated than the tion is distributed may or may not define the pub- stratigraphic listing. We tried to this more lication. Surely a scientific society's journal is a remedy by being compre- hensive and inclusive in the index will be publication, but societies produce much published (which material; for example, in the past, abstracts pub- published separately). We the taxonomic names as lished by the Geological Society of America in its quote originally when no was made Bulletin or Proceedings series were different from given. However, assignment to a or we refer to the taxon as a the abstracts distributed at meetings. There are genus species, receptaculitid or a cyclocrinitid, etc. many field trip guidebooks, some of which form Frequently we have omitted the names and the parts of series and hence are indexed in various dates of authors of species or other taxa. We be- registers and bibliographies. Others consist ofonly came aware during our work that the idea that a few typewritten and hand-stapled pages, distrib- names of species (or other taxa) are properties of uted in small amounts at one time only. individual workers is inaccurate. For example, Re- Further complications arise when publications ceptaculites was originally described in 1827 by of such well-known writers as James Hall and El- Defrance as Receptacules, and in 1828 was rede- kanah Billings are examined. Those eminent 1 9th scribed by Deshayes as Receptaculites. The no- century paleontologists had galleys of their books menclatural custom requires that the name of De- and papers printed in large quantities and, for var- shayes 1828 be associated with Receptaculites. ious reasons, distributed prior to the time of dis- However, the name Receptaculites represents the tribution ofthe main work. Should these be treated concept of neither Defrance nor Deshayes, but as formal publications, as first editions, or should rather one that has evolved and that properly be- they be discarded as references? Equally problem- longs to all those paleontologists who refined it atic are the frequently passed out "preprints" of over the period of more than 150 years. More papers that are orally delivered at meetings. It is importantly, when the descriptions of Recepta- also difficult to define "scientific society" rigor- culites of various authors are compared, they are ously, particularly since the character and aims of so varied, and so different from each other, that many societies and institutions change, and their the question becomes not of authorship, but rather official publications become popular or public may of whether Receptaculites can be identified at all. relations organs, with no change of name, format, Like magic, Receptaculites can assume various or manner of numbering consecutive issues. Since morphologies and physiologies from algae to echi- there is no formal or accepted requirement (e.g., noderms. Therefore, little is gained by inclusion of size, content, of or shape, quality, quality paper of names and dates of original authors with taxo- ink, purpose, distribution, or publishing) forjudg- nomic names. whether a is it is difficult ing publication scientific, Stratigraphic boundaries and designations have to make such a have in- judgment. Therefore, we changed, but we quote them as in the original pub- cluded in our all bibliography printed matter we lication, providing a more modern name only when have been able to examine, with the exception of we are certain of the change; this is always done the following: (1) "unpublished" doctoral theses; in brackets. The more accurate designation is giv- (2) various editions of books, revised or not, en in the index. which were difficult for us to find; (3) various trans- Very seldom did the original authors provide lations of original reports; (4) the United States accurate and detailed geographic information. Such Geological Survey Open File Reports; and (5) The practices are relatively new in paleontological lit- Zoological Record. erature. We have given very general geographic

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE data, and those readers who may wish to visit the Bibliography localities must consult the original publications. Generally we have indicated the largest taxo- Aaloe, A., Elga Mark, Ralf M. Maennil, K. nomic unit to which individual authors assigned Mueuerisepp, and K. Orviku their taxa, thus expressing their opinion on the 1 960. Uelevaade Eesti aluspohja ja pinnakatte receptaculitid nature and affinities. stratigraafiast. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadee- We feel that it is particularly important to in- mia, Geoloogia Instituut, Tallinn, 61 pp., nu- dicate clearly whether the specimens were only merous figs, and pis. listed or fully described and figured. Of course, what constitutes description, that is, how many An alga Mastopora concava Eichwald is listed lines are required to describe the taxon properly, from the Ordovician Idavere Formation in North- is an unanswered question. We considered as "de- ern Estonia. scribed" the discussion, however brief, of any as- pect of the taxon's morphology. Adams, P. J.

See: Cowie, J. W., and P. J. Adams, 1957. Acknowledgments

Ager, Derek V. This bibliography was started about 20 years ago, and could not have been completed without 1963. Principles of Paleoecology. An Introduc- the assistance of many individuals and numerous tion to the Study of How and Where Animals institutions. However we may wish, it is impract- and Plants Lived in the Past. McGraw-Hill ical to list them all. Among the paleontologists, Book Company, Inc., New York, 37 1 pp., nu- Prof. Dr. Siegfried Rietschel, the director of the merous figs, and tables. Landessammlungen fuer Naturkunde in Karls- Devonian Receptaculites is listed from a De- ruhe, provided and checked many German ref- vonian bioherm in the Dinant basin in Belgium erences; the late Curator Dr. Eugene S. Richard- (p. 285). son, Jr., of Field Museum, guided us through the labyrinths of the semantics of nomenclature; Dr. Agnew, Allen F. Inessa Zhuravleva, of the Department of Geology and Geophysics ofthe Siberian Branch ofthe USSR 1955a. Application of geology to the discovery Academy of Sciences, helped with the Russian lit- of zinc-lead ore in the Wisconsin-Illinois-Iowa erature; and Dr. Ann Lutz-Gerrihan, of the Lunar district. Mining Engineering, vol. 7, no. 8, pp. and Planetary Institute, for weeks on end searched 781-795, 16 text-figs., 2 tables. the libraries and abstracted many a paper. Among Receptaculites occurs in the Middle Ordovician the graduate students from The University of Chi- Stewartville and Prosser Members of the Galena cago, Gerald Forney, now an independent oil ge- Dolomite in the mid-United States (p. 784, fig. 4; ologist in Denver, and Janet Anne Sherman, of p. 792). the Committee on Evolutionary Biology, dili- gently worked at the Museum and searched for 1955b. Facies of Middle and Upper Ordovician references in the local libraries. rocks of Iowa. Bulletin of the American As- Among the librarians, the staffs of the libraries sociation of Petroleum Geologists, vol. 39, of Field Museum of Natural History, The Uni- no. 9, pp. 1703-1752. versity of Chicago, Northwestern University in Evanston, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle Zones of the upper Middle Ordovician Galena in Paris, British Museum (Natural History), Sedg- Dolomite in Iowa are characterized by Receptac- wick Museum in Cambridge, Paleontologisk Mu- ulites (p. 1720). seum in Oslo, University of Leningrad, Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles in Bruxelles, Na- 1956. Facies of Platteville, Decorah, and Gal- turhistoriska Riksmuseet in Stockholm, Natur- ena rocks of the Upper Mississippi Valley re- Museum Senckenberg in Frankfurt am Main, and gion; pp. 41-54, 1 pi., text-figs. 9-10. In the John Crerar Library in Chicago lent books, Schwartz, George M. (ed.), Guidebook for made copies of rare publications, and cooperated Field Trips. Minneapolis Meeting, 1956. Field with us in most generous ways. Trip No. 2. Lower Paleozoic Geology of the

FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Upper Mississippi Valley. Geological Society nois, and Iowa. United States Geological Sur- of America, 1 1 pp. vey Professional Paper 274-K, pp. 251-312, text-figs. 31-54. Receptaculites occurs in the Stewartville and Prosser Members of the Middle Ordovician Ga- Zones of Receptaculites oweni are found in the lena Formation in the Upper Mississippi Valley Prosser and basal Stewartville Members of the (pp. 44, 48). Middle Ordovician Galena Dolomite in the Wis- consin-Illinois-Iowa zinc-lead district. Ischadites 1963. Geology of the Platteville Quadrangle, iowensis is present in the Prosser (pp. 251, 255, Wisconsin. Bulletin of the United States Geo- 257, 263, 266-268, 296-299). logical Survey, 1123-E, pp. 245-277, pi. 19,

1 table. text-figs. 38-42, Agnew, Allen 1 .. and Robert E. Sloan

Receptaculites occurs in the Ordovician Galena 1956. The Ordovician rocks of southwestern in district of Wis- Dolomite the lead-zinc mining Wisconsin and northeastern Iowa; LaCrosse, consin (p. 256). Wisconsin to Decorah, Iowa; pp. 85-95, ta- bles. In Schwartz, George M. (ed.), Guide- See also: book for Field Trips. Minneapolis Meeting, Allingham, J. W., A. E. Flint, and A. F. Ag- 1956. Field Trip No. 2. Lower Paleozoic Ge- new, 1955. ology of the Upper Mississippi Valley. Geo- Heyl, A. V., Jr., A. F. Agnew, E. J. Lyons, logical Society of America, 1 1 pp. andC. H. Behre, Jr., 1959. Heyl, A. V., Jr., E. J. Lyons, and A. F. Agnew, Receptaculites zones occur in the Prosser and 1951. Stewartville Members of the Galena Formation in

Heyl, A. V., Jr., E. J. Lyons, A. F. Agnew, Grant County, Wisconsin; Dubuque, Iowa; and andC. H. Behre, Jr., 1955. Clayton, Iowa (pp. 86-87, 90).

Agnew, Allen I .. Arthur E. Flint, and John W. Ahlfeld, Federico, and Leonardo Branisa Allingham 1960. Geologia de Bolivia. Instituto Boliviano 1953. of the U.S. Exploratory drilling program del Petroleo, La Paz, Bolivia, 245 pp., 12 pis., for evidences of zinc-lead Geological Survey 90 text-figs., 1 map. mineralization in Iowa and Wisconsin, 1950- A Lower Devonian anthozoan, Receptaculites 5 1 . United States Geological Survey Circular bolivianus Branisa, is illustrated (pi. 3, fig. 15). A 231, 37 pp., 4 pis., 4 text- figs. Receptaculites zone occurs in the Sicasica Series oweni occurs in the Prosser, Receptaculites in Belen, Bolivia (pp. 65, 71, 81). Stewartville, and Dubuque Members of the Ga- lena Dolomite in Dubuque and Jackson Counties, Aitken, J. D.

Iowa (pp. 5-7, fig. 3). See:

D. and J. D. 1971. I G., Aitken, Agnew, Allen .. Arthur E. Flint, and Rusian P. Cook, Crumpton Aitken, J. I >.. W. H. Fritz, and B. S. Norford 1954. Geology and zinc-lead-barite deposits in 1972. Cambrian and Ordovician biostratigra- an area in Lafayette County east ofCuba City, of the southern Canadian Moun- Wisconsin. United States Geological Survey phy Rocky tains. Field Excursion A 19. 24th Interna- Mineral Investigations Field Studies Map MF- tional Geological Congress, Montreal, Quebec, 1 5, map and text. 1972, 57 pp., 19 text-figs. Receptaculites oweni occurs in the Stewartville and Prosser Members of the Middle Ordovician Unspecified receptaculitids and Receptaculites are found in the Middle Ordovician Whiterock Galena Dolomite east of Cuba City, Wisconsin sp. of the southern Canadian Mountains (fig. 2). Stage Rocky (pp. 39-40). Agnew, Allen \ .. Allen V. Heyl, Jr., Charles H. Behre, Jr., and Erwin J. Lyons Alberstadt, Leonard P.

1956. Stratigraphy of Middle Ordovician rocks See: in the zinc-lead districts of Wisconsin, Illi- Walker, K. R., and L. P. Alberstadt, 1975.

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE Alberstadt, Leonard P., and Kenneth R. Walker formations. United States Geological Survey

Professional Paper 106, 356 pp., 39 pis., 21 1975. An unusual pioneer community in a patch reef in the Carters Limestone (Ordovician) in text-figs. the Central Basin of Tennessee. Abstracts Receptaculites occurs in the Ordovician Galena with of Amer- Programs, Geological Society Limestone of south-central Wisconsin (p. 85). ica, vol. 7, no. 4, p. 465.

Upright-branching calathids (algae or sponges) Alguire, Samuel L., and Bruce A. Liberty form part of a stabilization community in a patch 1968. Itinerary; pp. 6-17. In Bruce reef in the Middle Ordovician Carters Limestone Liberty, A., and Frank D. Shelden, The of Man- of Tennessee. Geology itoulin Island. Michigan Basin Geological So- 1976. A receptaculitid-echinoderm pioneer ciety. Annual Field Excursion, 1968. Michi- Basin community in a Middle Ordovician reef. Le- gan Geological Society [Michigan 101 thaia, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 261-272, 8 text-figs. Geological Survey], pp.

Calathids, now believed to be dasycladaceous Receptaculites occurs in the Ordovician Bob- algae, play a role in the substrate stabilization stage caygeon Formation [on Great Cloche Island, On- of reef development. Calathids from the Middle tario] (p. 15). Ordovician rocks near Birmingham, Alabama, and the Elk River Reef in south-central Tennessee are Allen, Victor T. discussed and figured; Calathium egerodae and 1932. Ordovician in Ischadites iowensis (Owen) are mentioned. In the altered volcanic material Lower Ordovician Fillmore Formation of Utah Iowa, Wisconsin, and Missouri. Journal of vol. 4 and in the Silurian reefs of Illinois, calathids are Geology, 40, pp. 259-269, text-figs. most abundant near the of the reefs. top Recep- Receptaculites oweni occurs in the Ordovician taculitids occur in reefs and in level-bottom mud- Kimmswick Limestone in Jefferson County, Mis- dy sediments. souri (pp. 260, 262).

Alberstadt, Leonard P., Kenneth R. Walker, and Ronald P. Zurawski Allingham, John W.

1974. Patch reefs in the Carters Limestone 1963. Geology of the Dodgeville and Mineral (Middle Ordovician) in Tennessee, and ver- Point Quadrangles, Wisconsin. Bulletin of the tical zonation in Ordovician reefs. Bulletin of United States Geological Survey 1 123-D, pp. the Geological Society of America, vol. 85, 1 69-244, pis. 12-18, text-figs. 25-37, 3 tables. no. 7, pp. 1171-1182, 10 text-figs. A Receptaculites oweni zone occurs in the Pros- Receptaculitid "thickets," which act as frame ser Member of the Ordovician Galena Dolomite builders in reefs on the Middle Ordovician Carters in the Dodgeville and Mineral Point Quadrangles Limestone in are dia- Tennessee, discussed, of southwestern Wisconsin (p. 1 96). grammed, and figured (pp. 1171, 1 176-1 178; figs. Calathium occurs in the 6; 9c, e, g; 10). Mc- See also: Kelligon Canyon "mounds" of the Lower Ordo- Agnew, A. F., A. E. Flint, and J. W. Alling- vician El Paso in Texas 1 1 Group (p. 79). ham, 1953.

Alcock, Frederick J. Allingham, John W., Arthur E. Flint, and Allen 1920. The Reed-Wekusko northern Map-area, F. Agnew Manitoba. Geological Survey of Canada Memoir 119, 47 pp., 6 pis., 2 maps. 1955. Zinc and lead deposits of the Sinsinawa River area, Grant County, Wisconsin. United Receptaculites oweni occurs in the Ordovician States Geological Survey Mineral Investiga- limestone at Wekusko Lake, Manitoba (p. 29). tion Field Studies Map MF-40, map and text. Alden, William C. Several zones containing Receptaculites occur 1918. The Quaternary geology of southeastern in the Middle Ordovician Galena Dolomite in the

Wisconsin with a chapter on the older rock Sinsinawa River area of Wisconsin (fig. 3, text).

FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Ami, Henry M. geology and natural resources of the area in- cluded in the map of the city of Ottawa and 1894. Notes of fossils from Quebec City, Que- vicinity. Geological Survey of Canada, An- bec. Ottawa Naturalist, vol. 8 (Transactions nual Report., n. sen, vol. 12, Rept. G, 77 pp. of the Ottawa Field Naturalists' Club, vol. 10), pp. 82-90. Pasceolus globosus Billings is found along the Ottawa River in Ottawa, Ontario (p. 64). A rhizopod, Nidulitesfavus Salter, from the Or- dovician Quebec Group of Canada is described 1907. Appendix. Preliminary lists of organic re- and compared to Pasceolus, Cyclocrinus, and mains from the Chazy, Black River, Trenton, Sphaerospongia (pp. 83-84). and Pleistocene formations comprised within

the area of the Pembroke sheet; pp. 49-7 1 . In 1 896. Notes on some of the fossil organic re- Ells, Robert W., Report on the geology and mains comprised in the geological formations natural resources of the area included in the and outliers of the Ottawa Paleozoic basins. northwest quarter-sheet, number 1 22, of the Proceedings and Transactions of the Royal Ontario and Quebec Series, comprising por- Society of Canada, 2nd ser., vol. 2, sect. 4, tions of the counties of Pontiac, Carleton, and pp. 151-158. Renfrew. Geological Survey of Canada Sep- Receptaculites occidentalis Salter is character- arate Report, Rept. 977. istic of the [Ordovician] Black River Formation The protozoan or protist Receptaculites is pres- at Paquette's Rapids, Ontario (p. 153). Pasceolus ent in Ordovician Trenton rocks on Allumette Is- globosus and R. iowensis from the Trenton For- land, and R. occidentalis (Salter) occurs in the Or- mation of the Ottawa Valley are listed as Protozoa dovician Black River beds at Paquette Rapids and (p. 154). Bonnechere Valley (pp. 5 1, 54, 57, 60, 63-66, 70).

1899. Appendix 2. On some Cambro-Silurian Amsden, Thomas W. and Silurian fossils from Lake Temiscaming, Lake Nipissingand Mattawa outliers; pp. 289- 1957. Catalog of fossils from the Middle and 302, 1 table. In Barlow, Alfred E., Report on Upper Ordovician of Oklahoma. Oklahoma the natural resources the area geology and of Geological Survey, Circular 43, 41 pp. included by the Nipissing and Temiscaming The Ischadites iowensis is found map-sheets comprising portions ofthe district sponge (Owen) in the Ordovician Bromide Formation in the Ar- of Nipissing, Ontario, and the county of Pon- buckle Mountain tiac, Quebec. Geological Survey of Canada region (p. 12). Annual Report, 1897, n. ser., vol. 10, Rept. I. Amsden, Thomas W., and Arthur K. Miller Receptaculites occidentalis Salter from the Mat- tawa outlier near Mattawa, Ontario, and Pasceolus 1 942. Ordovician conodonts from the Bighorn globosus Billings from the Manitou Islands ofLake Mountains of Wyoming. Journal of Paleon- Nipissing are listed as Black River [Ordovician] tology, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 301-306, pi. 41, 2 protozoans (pp. 297-298, 300). text-figs.

Receptaculites is found in the Ordovician Big- 1 900. On the geology of the principal cities in horn Formation of the southern Bighorn Moun- eastern Canada. Proceedings and Transac- tains, Wyoming (pp. 302, 304). tions of the Royal Society ofCanada, 2nd ser., vol. 6, sect. 4, pp. 125-174, 5 tables. Anderson, Thomas B. Pasceolus globosus from the Ordovician Tren- 1970. Cambrian and Ordovician stratigraphy of ton Formation near St. John, New Brunswick, and the southern Mosquito Range, Colorado. Receptaculites occidentalis from the Ordovician Mountain Geologist, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 51-64, Bird's Eye and Black River Formations near Ot- 4 text-figs. 1 tawa, Ontario, are listed (tables , 2).

The sponges (?) Receptaculites, R. oweni Hall,

1 90 1 . Appendix. Preliminary lists of organic re- R. occidentalis Salter, and Nidulites pyriformis mains; pp. 51-77. In Ells, Robert W., On the Bassler are found in the Ordovician Fremont

NITECKJ ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE Limestone in the Mosquito Range of Colorado gents of the University of the State of New (pp. 51,57). York on the Condition of the State Cabinet of Natural History. C. Van Benthuysen, Andrews, Henry N., Jr. printer to the Legislature, Albany, New York, pp. 1 1-36. 1955. Index of generic names of fossil plants, Bulletin of the States 1820-1950. United Nidulites favus (Salter) from the lower Llando- 262 Geological Survey 1013, pp. very and Nitidulus [sic] favus from the [Ordovi- cian] Llandeilo flags of Haverfordwest, England, Apidium Stolley 1896, Coelosphaeridium Roe- are housed in the State Cabinet in New mer 1885, Mastopora Eichwald 1840, Nidulites Albany, York Salter 1851, Polygonosphaerites F. Roemer 1880, (pp. 12, 17).

Receptacules Defrance 1827 (?), and Tetragonis

Eichwald 1 842 are listed as fossil plants. Anonymous [Jones, Thomas Rupert]

1 876. [Review of] Remarks on the organization 1970. Index of generic names of fossil plants, and systematic position of Receptaculites; C. 1820-1965. Bulletin of the United States W. Guembel, 1875 [1876]. Geological Mag- Geological Survey 1300, 354 pp. azine, n. ser., Dec. 2, vol. 3, pp. 127-128. Apidium Stolley 1896, Coelosphaeridium Roe- This is a review of Guembel, C. W., 1876. mer 1885, Ischadites Murchison 1839, Mastopora Eichwald 1840 (= Nidulites Salter 1851), Pasceo- Anonymous [Lindstroem, Gustaf ] lus Billings 1857, Polygonosphaerites F. Roemer 1880, Receptacules Defrance 1827 (?), and Tetra- 1885. List of the Fossils of the Upper Silurian gonis Eichwald 1 842 are listed as fossil plants. Formations of Gotland. Edited by the Pa- laeontological Department of the Swedish John M. Andrichuk, State Museum (Natural History). P. A. Nor- stedt & 20 1959. Ordovician and Silurian stratigraphy and Soener, Stockholm, pp. sedimentation in southern Cana- Manitoba, Ischadites koenigi Murchison and /. lindstroemi da. Bulletin of the American Association of Hinde are listed from the Upper Silurian of Got- Petroleum vol. no. Geologists, 43, 10, pp. land (p. 20). 2333-2398, 22 text-figs.

1888a. List of the Fossil Faunas of Sweden. I. Receptaculites occurs in the lower and inter- Cambrian and Lower Silurian. Edited the mediate beds of the Ordovician Red River For- by Palaeontological Department of the Swedish mation in southern Manitoba (pp. 2358-2359). State Museum (Natural History). P. A. Nor- stedt 24 Anonymous [Schrenk, Alexander Gustav] & Soener, Stockholm, pp.

1854. Uebersicht des obern Silurischen Schich- [Ordovician] Receptaculites orbis Eichwald from the lower Orthoceratites Limestone and tensystems Liv- und Ehstlands, vornaemlich gray Cy- clocrinus Eichwald from the ihrer Inselgruppe. Archiv fuer die Natur- spaski Chasmops Limestone are listed kunde Liv-, Ehst- und Kurlands. Herausge- (pp. 10, 16). geben von der Dorpater Naturforscher-Ge- 1888b. List of the Fossil Faunas of Sweden. II. sellschaft, als Filiaverein der livlaendischen Silurian. Edited by the Palaeontolog- gemeinnuetzigen und oekonomischen Socie- Upper ical Department of the Swedish State Mu- taet. Erste Serie. Mineralogoische Wissen- seum (Natural History). P. A. Norstedt & So- schaften, nebst Chemie, Physik und Erdbe- ener, Stockholm, 29 pp. schreibung Erster Band. Erste Lieferung, pp. 1-112. Ischadites koenigi Murchison and /. lindstroemi Hinde from the [Silurian] Wenlock Shale of Got- Receptaculites infundibulum n. sp. [nomen nu- land are listed as sponges (p. 23). dum] is listed from the Silurian H [Adavere] stage in Vaendra in Estonia (p. 51). Anonymous [Ulrich, Edward ().?| Anonymous [Hall, James] 1888c. Editorial comment. The palaeontologi- 1858. Catalogue of geological specimens from cal labors of Prof. Jos. F. James. The Amer-

England. Eleventh Annual Report of the Re- ican Geologist, vol. 1, no. 5, pp. 323-327.

FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY James' [1885] conclusion that Lepidolites and See also: Anomaloides are synonyms of Ischadites and Re- Anonymous, 1966 and 1975. ceptaculites is rejected (p. 324).

1966. British Palaeozoic Fossils, 2nd ed. British Museum (Natural History), London, 208 pp., Anonymous 69 pis. 1892a. Legende de la carte geologique de Bel- The section on receptaculitids is the same as in Bulletin de la Societe de gique. Geologique Anonymous, 1964. Belgique, Liege, tome 19, pp. 107-120.

Receptaculites neptuni is found in the Upper 1975. British Palaeozoic Fossils, 4th ed. British Devonian (Lower Frasnian, Fr Im) of Belgium (p. Museum (Natural History), London, 203 pp.,

118). 69 pis., numerous tables.

The section on is almost iden- 1892b. Researches into the organization and receptaculitids tical to 1964. systematic position of the Receptaculitidae. Anonymous, By Hermann Rauff. [Book review.] Geologi- cal Dec. vol. 518-521. Magazine, 3, 9, pp. Archiac [de Saint Simon, Etienne Jules Adolphe d*. and Edouard de Ver- Rauff [1892b] is reviewed. Receptaculites, R. Desmier], Vicompte neuil neptuni, R. occidentalis, R. orbis, Ischadites, and /. koenigii are described. Leptopterion and Sphae- 1842. On the fossils of the older deposits in the rospongia tessellata are listed. Rhenish Provinces; preceded by a general sur- vey of the fauna of the Palaeozoic rocks, and 1935. Guidebook. Third Annual Tri-State Geo- followed by a tabular list of the organic re- Field Conference in Clinton, Jackson logical mains of the Devonian System in Europe. and Dubuque Counties, Iowa. [Dubuque, Transactions of the Geological Society of Iowa?], 9 pp., 2 text-figs., 1 map. London, 2nd ser., vol. 6, pp. 303-410. Receptaculites zones in the [Ordovician] Stew- Silurian Receptaculites neptuni from the Rhen- artville and Prosser Dolomites are exposed at Ea- ish Province and Devonian and Silurian Ischadites gle Point, north of Dubuque, Iowa (p. 7). koenigii from Ludlow, England; Eifel; Belgium; and Rocquigny are listed (p. 407). 1948. Guidebook. Twelfth Annual Tri-State Geological Field Conference. Northeast Iowa. [Dubuque, Iowa?], 28 pp., 4 text-figs., maps. Armstrong, James, John Young, and David Rob- ertson Receptaculites zones in the Stewartville and Prosser Members of the Ordovician Galena For- 1876. Catalogue of the Western Scottish Fossils. are at in mation exposed several localities Iowa. Blackie & Son, Glasgow, 164 pp., 4 pis., 1 Receptaculites oweni occurs in the Prosser west of map. McGregor (pp. 10, 17, 20, 23). Nidulitesfavus Salter (an amorphozoan) and Is- chadites Murchison are found in western 1964. British Palaeozoic Fossils. British Mu- koenigii Scotland (pp. 11, 13, 22). seum (Natural History), London, 208 pp., 69 pis. Etienne A sponge, Ischadites koenigi Murchison, occurs Asselburgs, in the Ordovician Llandeilo, Caradoc, and Ashgill 1914. Observations sur le Frasnien des environs series; a specimen from the Wenlock series at Dud- d'Hatton (bord oriental du bassin de Dinant). ley, Great Britain, is figured. Another sponge, Am- Bulletin de la Societe Beige de Geologie, de phispongia oblonga Salter, is listed from the Si- Paleontologie et Hydrologie, Bruxelles (Brus- lurian Ludlow series and is figured from the sels), tome 28, pp. 47-56. Pentland Hills. The alga Mastopora fava (Salter) from the Silurian Llandovery series at Mulloch Receptaculites neptuni occurs in Middle Fras- Hill, Girvan, Ayrshire, is figured (pp. 35, 37-39, nian [Devonian] nodular shales near Hatton, Bel- 41; pi. 15, figs. 7-9). gium (pp. 48, 53).

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE Astrova, G. G. ment of Mines and Natural Resources, Mines

Branch, Publication 49-2, 72 pp., 5 pis., 6 See: text- figs., tables, 1 map. Drushchits, V. V., G. G. Astrova, R. L. Merk- lin, and V. N. Shimanskii, 1962. Sphaerospongia sp. and S. tessellata (Phillips) are listed as sponges from the Middle Devonian Ault, Curtis H. Winnipegosan Formation at numerous Manitoba lowland localities (p. 29). See: Shaver, R. H., and others, 1978. 1952. Ordovician geology of Lake Winnipeg and adjacent areas, Manitoba. Manitoba De- Ausich, William I. partment of Mines and Natural Resources, See: Mines Branch, Publication 51-6, 64 pp., 4

Shaver, R. H., and others, 1978. text-figs., tables, 1 map.

Receptaculites sp. is found in Manitoba in the Austin, Thomas Ordovician Winnipeg Formation and in sandstone 1845. Note on Mr. Bowerbank's paper on the probably equivalent to the Winnipeg (pp. 14, 18, genus Dunstervillia (Bowerbank) with re- 27, 34) and Cyclocrinites globosus Billings occurs marks on the Ischadites koenigii, the Tentac- in the sandstone. Other components of the same ulites, and the Conularia. Annals and Mag- fauna are C. spaskii of unknown phylum and the azine of Natural History, London, vol. 15, sponges R. oweni Hall and Ischadites sp. (pp. 34, no. 100, pp. 406-407. 36). The Red River Formation contains the sponges

/. iowensis, Nidulites gregarius, N. gregarius (?), Sphaeronites tessellatus and Ischadites are cal- and R. oweni (p. 28). careous sponges, based on Bowerbank's ( 1 845) de- scription and illustration of Dunstervillia. Bain, H. Foster

Awramik, Stanley M., and Barry Cameron 1905. Zinc and lead deposits of northwestern Illinois. Bulletin of the United States Geolog- 1968. Calcareous algae and algal structures of ical Survey 246, 56 pp., 5 pis., 3 text-figs. Middle Ordovician limestones in New York and Ontario. Abstracts with Programs, Geo- Two horizons marked by Receptaculites oweni logical Society of America, 1968 Annual are present in the Ordovician Galena Limestone Meeting, pp. 13-14. of Illinois (p. 21).

A well-preserved, rich algal flora, including the 1906. Zinc and lead deposits of the Upper Mis- dasyclad Receptaculites occidentalis Salter, occurs sissippi Valley. Bulletin of the United States in the Rocklandian Ordovician Coboconk, Selby, Geological Survey 294, 155 pp., 16 pis., 45 and Napanee Limestones of New York and On- text- figs. tario.

Receptaculites oweni Hall is found in the Or- See also: dovician (Trenton) Platteville Limestone near Awramik, S. M., and B. Cameron, 1969. Darlington in southern Wisconsin (p. 23). Recep- taculites oweni is present throughout the Ordo- 1969. Calcareous algae and algal structures of vician Galena Limestone of northeastern Iowa but Middle Ordovician limestones in New York is particularly abundant in upper and lower zones and Ontario. Geological Society of America (pp. 28-29). Special Paper, no. 121, pp. 13-14. See also: This is identical to Awramik, S. M., and B. Cam- Bain, H. F., 1907. eron, 1968.

1907. Zinc and lead deposits of the Upper Mis- Baillie, Andrew D. sissippi Valley. Wisconsin Geological and 1951. Devonian geology of Lake Manitoba- Natural History Survey, Bulletin 19, 155 pp.,

Lake Winnipegosis area. Manitoba Depart- 16 pis., 45 text-figs.

10 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY This is identical to Bain, H. F., 1906. longing to the Codiaceae, is figured (fig. 3-9) and described (p. 44). See also: K. I. F. Calvin, S., and H. F. Bain, 1900. Banks, Harlan P., M. Chesters, N. Hughes, G. A. L. Johnson, H. M. Johnson, and L. R. Balakrishnan, M. S. Moore 1967. 163-180. In Har- 1974. Fossil Chlorophyta and Rhodophyta; pp. Thallophyta-1; pp. land, W. B., and others (eds.), The Fossil Rec- 9-22, text-figs. 1-30. In Surange, K. R., R. ord. Society of London, London, N. Lakhanpal, and D. C. Bharadwaj (eds.), Geological 828 Aspects and Appraisal of Indian Paleobot- pp. Birbal Sahni Institute of any. Paleobotany, The tribe Cyclocrineae of family Dasycladaceae Lucknow, India, 674 pp. occurs in the Precambrian of the Kola Peninsula

(p. 166). A monostromatic cortex is the characteristic morphological feature of the dasycladacean lin- Banks, Maxwell R. eage to which Cyclocrinus belongs (p. 10). Cyclo- has features crinus porosus primitive vegetative 1957a. The stratigraphy of Tasmanian lime- (P- 9). stones. Tasmania Department of Mines, Geo- logical Survey, Mineral Resources [Publica- Baldwin, H. L., Jr. tion], no. 10, pp. 39-85, text-figs. 3-6.

See: Receptaculites (?) sp. is found in the Ordovician Brainerd, A. E., H. L. Baldwin, Jr., and I. A. Gordon Limestone of the Junee Group in the Ida Keyte, 1933. Bay, Zeehan, Railton, and Melrose areas of Tas- mania (pp. 46, 48-49, 51). Ball, John R. See also: See: Banks, M. R., 1957b. Greacen, K. F., and J. R. Ball, 1944 and 1946.

1957b. The stratigraphy of Tasmanian Lime- John and Katherine F. Greacen Ball, R., stones. University of Tasmania, Department of Publication 39-85, text- 1946. Catalog of the Egan collection of Silurian Geology 48, pp. 3-6. invertebrate fossils at the Chicago Academy figs. of Sciences. Publications of the Chi- Special This is identical to Banks, M. R., 1957a. cago Academy of Sciences, no. 7, 55 pp., 1

text-fig. See also: Corbett, K. DM and M. R. Banks, 1974. Receptaculitids (family Receptaculitidae Roe- mer), including Astraeospongia meniscus (Roe- Banks, Maxwell R., and J. Harlan Johnson mer), are sponges of uncertain position (pp. 14- 15). Receptaculites hemisphericus (Hall) from 1957. Maclurites and Girvanella in the Gordon Wisconsin, R. tessellatus (Winchell and Marcy) River Limestone (Ordovician) of Tasmania. Ischadites iowensis and (Owen) from Illinois, and 1 Journal of Paleontology, vol. 3 , no. 3, pp. Cerionites from Iowa are list- dactyloides (Owen) 632-640, pis. 73-74, 2 text-figs. ed. Receptaculites is associated with Maclurites and Girvanella in the Ordovician Gordon River Lime- Banks, Harlan P. stone near Benjamin, south central Tasmania (p. 1970. Evolution and Plants of the Past. Fun- 633). damentals of Botany Series, edited by Wil- liam A. Jensen. Wadsworth Publishing Com- Bannatyne, Barry

pany, Belmont, California, 1 70 pp., numerous See: text-figs. Kent, D. M., B. Bannatyne, and H. R. McCabe, Middle Ordovician Ischadites, a green alga be- 1972.

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 11 Bannister, Henry M. bites from the basin ranges, western United States. United States Geological Survey 1870. Geology of Kendall County. Geological Professional Paper 523-D, 43 pp. Survey of Illinois. Volume 4. Geology and Paleontology. Published by authority of the Receptaculites is found in the Aysees Member Legislature of Illinois, pp. 136-148. of the Middle Ordovician Antelope Valley Lime- stone on the west side of the Specter Range, south- Receptaculites is found in the [Ordovician] west of Mercury, Nevada (p. 34). Trenton Group in Kendall County, Illinois (pp.

144-146). See also:

Byers, F. M., Jr., H. Barnes, F. G. Poole, and Barghoorn, Elso S. R.J. Ross, Jr., 1961. See: J. A. Golubic, S., and E. S. Barghoorn, 1977. Barnes, See: Barlow, Alfred E. Langenheim, R. L., Jr., J. A. Barnes, K. C. W. A. and J. M. 1956. 1899. Report on the geology and natural re- Delise, Ross, Stanton, sources of the area included by the Nipissing E. and Temiscaming Map-sheets comprising Barnes, Virgil portions of the district of Nipissing, Ontario, See: of and the county of Pontiac, Quebec. Geo- Cloud, P. E., Jr., and V. E. Barnes, 1948. logical Survey of Canada Annual Report,

1897, n. ser., vol. 10, Rept. I, 302 pp., 5 pis., Barnes, Virgil E., Preston E. Cloud, Jr., Lane P. 6 text-figs. Dixon, Robert L. Folk, E. C. Jones, Allison Ralph Palmer, and Eugene J. Tynan Receptaculites occidentalis Salter occurs in the Lower Trenton [Ordovician] in the Mattawa out- 1959. Stratigraphy of the pre-Simpson Paleo- lier near Mattawa, Quebec (pp. 122, 297-298). zoic subsurface rocks of Texas and southeast Coscinopora (?) sp. and Pasceolus globosus Billings New Mexico. Appendix B: Description of are found on McDonald Island (pp. 121, 300). cores, core sections, core chips and cuttings from individual wells. University of Texas See also: Publication no. 5924, 294 pp.; vol. 2, pp. 295-

Barlow, A. E., 1907. 836; 65 pis., 38 text-figs., 14 tables.

Calathium (?) occurs in a core in the Kindblade 1907. Second edition of a report on the geology Formation of the Lower Ordovician Arbuckle and natural resources of the area included by group in Texas. Lenticular Receptaculites (?) sp. the Nipissing and Temiscaming Map-sheets, from another Middle Ordovician core in Texas is comprising portions of the district of Nipis- described and compared with other receptaculi- sing, Ontario, and of the county of Pontiac, tids, particularly R. mamillaris [sic] Walcott (pp. Quebec. Geological Survey of Canada Sepa- 379,651,653). rate Report 962, 303 pp., 5 pis., 3 maps. Victor H. This is identical to Barlow, A. E., 1899, except Barnett, for pagination. See: Kindle, E. M., and V. H. Barnett, 1909. Barnes, Christopher R.

See: Barr, F. T.

Workum, R. H., T. E. Bolton, and C. R. See: 1976. Barnes, Langenheim, R. L., Jr., F. T. Barr, S. E. Shank, L. J. Stensaas, and E. C. Wilson, 1960. Barnes, Harley Barrett, Simeon T. 1967. Section B. Specter Range, Nevada; pp. 34-38. In Ross, Reuben James, Jr., Some 1 878. Descriptions ofnew species of fossils, from Middle Ordovician brachiopods and trilo- the Upper Silurian rocks of Port Jervis, N.Y.;

12 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY with notes on the occurrence of the coralline Marble and associated strata of the Clinch Moun-

limestone of that locality. Annals of the New tain area, Virginia (pp. 164, 166; pi. 21, figs. 4-5). York Academy of Sciences, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. Nidulites cf. favus Salter occurs in the Chambers- 121-124. burg Formation of northwestern Virginia (p. 59).

Receptaculites lateritius n. sp. from the Upper 1911. The early Paleozoic Bryozoa of the Baltic Silurian Delthyris Shale [Lower Devonian New Provinces. Bulletin of the United States Na- Scotland Limestone] is described. tional Museum 77, 382 pp., 13 pis., 226 text-

Barrois, Charles figs.

The Ordovician fossils are listed: Re- 1877. Note sur le terrain Devonien de la rade following ceptaculites orbis Eichwald, R. eichwaldi Schmidt, de Brest. Annales de la Societe Geologique du Cyclocrinus spasski and Mastopora concava from Nord, Lille, France, tome 4, pp. 59-105. the Baltic Provinces of Russia; R. oweni from the One species of Lower Devonian Receptaculites Prosser Limestone of the Trenton Group in north- is found in shales of Fret in Brest, France (p. 84). eastern Iowa and southeastern Minnesota and from Baffin Land, Arctic Canada; and species of Recep- 1899. Sketch of the geology of central Brittany. taculites and Ischadites from the Trenton in Min- Proceedings of the Geologists Association nesota and Silliman's Fossil Mount in Baffin Land vol. 17 [London], 16, pp. 101-132, text-figs. (pp. 19, 25, 35-36).

Devonian (Frasnian) Receptaculites neptuni Defrance is found in the slates of Traouliors in 1915. Bibliographic index of American Ordo- vician and Silurian fossils. Bulletin of the central Brittany (p. 1 1 3). United States National Museum 92, 2 vols., 1521 4 Bassett, Michael ( ... and Dianne Edwards pp., pis.

1973. Fossil Plants from Wales. Amgueddfa. Literature on North American receptaculitids Bulletin of the National Museum of Wales, published prior to 1 9 1 5 is listed. The stratigraphic and and taxonom- 13, Spring 1973, 27 pp., numerous figs. geographic ranges, synonymies, ic affinities (to sponges or calcareous algae) of gen- Coelosphaeridium from the Caradoc limestones era and species are given. Nidulites pyriformis n. of the Bala district is the oldest dasycladacean in sp. is named. Wales. Mastopora fava (Salter) first occurs near the base of the Llandovery in the Gasworks Mud- 1919. Cambrian and Ordovician. Maryland stone of the Haverfordwest district in Wales. Is- Geological Survey. The Johns Hopkins Press, chadites koenigii from Wenlock and Ludlow of the Baltimore, Maryland, 424 pp., 58 pis., 27 text- Welsh area is a problematic organism that may figs., tables. even represent a separate group with sponge and algal characteristics (pp. 3-4). Mastoporafava from Nidulites pyriformis from the Ordovician Llandovery of Haverfordwest, Pembrokeshire, Chambersburg Limestone in Virginia, Maryland, Wales, is figured; the original illustration of Mur- and Pennsylvania, and Receptaculites occidentalis chison's /. koenigii is reproduced (figs, on pp. 3- from the Chambersburg in southern Pennsylvania 4). and Maryland are described and illustrated (pp.

193-195; pi. 46, figs. 1-5; pi. 45, fig. 7). Recep- Bassler, Ray Smith taculites occidentalis also occurs in the [Ordovi- cian] Black River Group of Canada, New Jersey, 1909. The cement resources of Virginia west of Kentucky, and Arctic America (p. 195). Nidulites the Blue Ridge. Bulletin ofthe Geological Sur- from the Greencastle bed, N. pyriformis from the vey of Virginia 2-A, 309 pp., 30 pis., 30 text- Nidulites bed, and R. occidentalis from the Echi- figs. nosphaerites bed, all of the Chambersburg Lime- Nidulites sp. from the Nidulites bed of the Or- stone, are found in various localities (pp. 1 32-1 33, dovician Chambersburg Formation in Virginia is 139-141, 144-154, 164, 174-175, 220). Nidulites illustrated (pi. 7, fig. 1 1). Receptaculites biconstric- and the related forms Receptaculites, Cerionites, tus n. sp. (Ulrich MS) is figured and described as and Ischadites are either sponges or calcareous a characteristic fossil of the Ordovician Holston algae (p. 1 94).

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 13 1932. The Stratigraphy of the Central Basin of Symposium International Sur les Algues Fos- Tennessee. Tennessee Division of Geology siles. Bulletin des Centres de Recherches Ex- Bulletin 38, 268 pp., 49 pis. ploration-Production Elf-Aquitaine. Societe Nationale Elf-Aquitaine (Production), Pau, The Ordovician Kimmswick Limestone is lo- France, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 429-442. cally called the Receptaculites limestone in Mis- souri (p. 70). The sponge (?) Receptaculites occi- A classification of the Dasycladales is proposed. dentalis Salter is found in the Ordovician Curdsville Cyclocrineae Pia, an Ordovician and Silurian tribe Limestone of Kentucky (p. 72). of the family Seletonellaceae Korde consisting of Cyclocrinus Eichwald, Apidium Stolley, Coelo- 1950. Faunal lists and descriptions of Paleozoic sphaeridium Roemer, and Mastopora Eichwald, is corals. Geological Society of America Mem- described. Receptaculites, Acanthochonia Hinde, oir 44, 315 pp., 20 pis. Amphispongia Salter, Anomaloides Ulrich, Cal- athella Rauff, Calathium Billings, Ischadites Mur- Tetradium is related to Receptaculites, a genus chison, and Sphaerospongia Pengelly are probably of uncertain affinities, possibly a sponge (pp. 277- sponges (pp. 430-432, 436-440). 278).

Bedford, J. See also: Schuchert, C, W. H. Dall, T. W. Stanton, and See: R. S. Bassler, 1905. Bedford, R., and J. Bedford, 1936, 1937, and 1939.

Bassoulet [Bassoullet], Jean-Paul, Paul Bernier, Raoul Deloffre, Patrick Genot, Michel Jaf- Bedford, R., and J. Bedford frezo, Alain-Francois Poignant, and Gene- 1936. Further notes on Cyathospongia (Ar- vieve Segonzac chaeocyathi) and other organisms from the 1975. Reflexions sur la systematique des Das- Lower Cambrian of Beltana, South Australia. ycladales fossiles. Geobios, no. 8, fasc. 4, pp. Memoirs of the Kyancutta Museum, Kyan- 259-290, 6 text-figs. cutta, South Australia, no. 3, pp. 21-26, pis. 21-26. Cyclocrinus is figured as a dasycladaceous alga

(pp. 269-270). The tribe Cyclocrinae [sic] was de- Lower Cambrian sponges Uranosphaeridae n. fined by Pia on the basis of endospory, the form fam., Uranosphaera, U. ramosa n. sp. and U. hex- of the branches, and other morphological char- aster; order Heterocyathina (Okulitch), Hetero- acters (pp. 278, 280, 285). Following Korde, the cyathidae (Bedford), Heterocyathus, H. tertius n. tribes Cyclocrineae and Mastoporineae are placed sp., H. minor, and H. major are described and in the family Seletonellaceae, order Dasycladales figured as Cyathospongia (Archaeocyathi) from the (p. 289). Ajax Mine, Beltana, South Australia (pp. 21-23;

pi. 21, figs. 89-90; pi. 22, figs. 91-92). 1977. Classification criteria of fossil Dasyclad- ales; pp. 1 54-1 66. In Fluegel, Erik (ed.), Fossil 1937. Further notes on Archaeos (Pleospongia) Algae. Springer-Verlag, Berlin and Heidel- from the Lower Cambrian of South Australia. berg, 375 pp. Memoirs of the Kyancutta Museum, Kyan- The criteria used to classify Dasycladales are cutta, South Australia, no. 4, pp. 27-38, pis. evaluated. Cyclocrinus (tribe Cyclocrinae [sic]) is 27-41. representative of the Dasycladales (pp. 158, 162, Pleosponge (= sponge) Uranosphaera and He- 163). tairacyathus and the orders Uranosphaerina and Hetairacyathina are described from the Lower Bassoullet, Jean-Paul, Paul Bernier, Raoul De- Cambrian of South Australia (p. 37). loffre, Patrick Genot, Michel Jaffrezo, and Daniel Vachard 1939. Development and classification of Ar- 1979. Essai de classification des Dasycladales chaeos (Pleospongia). Memoirs of the Kyan- en tribus. [Attempt to classify Dasycladales cutta Museum, Kyancutta, South Australia, in tribes.] In Oertli, H. J. (ed.), Deuxieme no. 6, pp. 67-82, pis. 42-52.

14 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Calathium Billings 1865 of doubtful affinity, C. Cliffs, New Jersey, 562 pp., numerous text- anstedi (or crassum), and C.formosum from New- figs. foundland are described and figured. C. anstedi is The sponge-like family Receptaculidae, related to the archaeo Metaldetimorpha rather than possi- bly representing a distinct phylum, consists often to Calathium (pp. 80-81, pi. 52, figs. 208, 211). Ordovician to Devonian genera (pp. 227, 230). Receptaculites (text-fig. 9-19) and Ischadites are Bedford, R., and W. R. Bedford common fossils. 1934. New species of Archaeocyathinae and other organisms from the Lower Cambrian of See also:

Beltana, South Australia. Memoirs of the Beerbower, J. R., 1968. Kyancutta Museum, Kyancutta, South Aus- no. 8 6 tralia, 1, pp., pis. 1968. Search for the Past. An Introduction to 2nd ed. Prentice En- Archaeocyathid family Heterocyathidae, Het- Paleontology, Hall, Inc., New 512 numer- erocyathus minor, H. major, and sponges Ura- glewood Cliffs, Jersey, pp., ous nosphaera polyaster and U. hexaster are described text-figs. and figured (pp. 7-8, pi. 6, figs. 32-36). The section on receptaculitids (pp. 231, 233- 234; text-fig. 9-17) is almost identical to that of 1936. Further notes on Archaeocyathi (Cyatho- Beerbower, 1960. spongia) and other organisms from the Lower Cambrian of Beltana, South Australia. Mem- Behre, Charles H., Jr. oirs of the Kyancutta Museum, Kyancutta, South Australia, no. 2, pp. 9-20, pis. 7-20. See: Agnew, A. F., A. V. Heyl, Jr., C. H. Behre, Dictyocyathus macdonnelli n. sp. [IRadiocy- Jr., and E. J. Lyons, 1956. athus minor (Bedford and Bedford)] from the Heyl, A. V., Jr., A. F. Agnew, E. J. Lyons, Lower Cambrian, Macdonnell Ranges, Central andC. H. Behre, Jr., 1959. Australia (p. 14, pi. 12, fig. 61), and Uranosphaera Heyl, A. V., Jr., and C. H. Behre, Jr., 1950. hexaster, a sponge (p. 10, pi. 7, figs. 39-41) are Heyl, A. V., Jr., E. J. Lyons, A. F. Agnew, described and figured. U. polyaster is mentioned andC. H. Behre, Jr., 1955. (P. 10).

Bekker, Hendrick Bedford, W. R. 1924. Moned uued andmed Kukruse lademe See: stratigraafiast ja faunast; pp. 1-12, 2 figs., 6 Bedford, R., and W. R. Bedford, 1934 and tables. and 1936. Stratigraphical paleontological supplements on the Kukruse Stage of the Or-

rocks 1 1 dovician of Eesti (Estonia); pp. 3-2 , Beecher, Charles Emerson 2 pis., 6 text-figs., 1 map. Acta et Commen- 1889. Brachiospongidae: a memoir on a group tationes, Universitatis Dorpatensis [Tartuen- of Silurian sponges. Peabody Museum, Yale sis]. A. Mathematica, Physica, Medica. Vol-

University Memoir, vol. 2, part 1, 28 pp., 6 ume 6. pis., 4 text-figs. Coelosphaeridium kohtlensis n. sp. is described

Calathium Billings is of uncertain taxonomic (p. 1 1) and figured (pi. 1, fig. 11) as C kohtlense position (p. 15). Receptaculites Defrance, Ischa- from Ordovician, Kukruse Stage, Coelosphaerid- dites Murchison, and Acanthoconia [sic] Hinde, ium zone (pp. 8-9) in Kohtla, Estonia, and is re- in family Receptaculitidae Hinde [sic], are Silurian lated to C. excavatum Stolley from the Ordovician [Ordovician and Silurian] and Devonian lyssacine Echinosphaerite limestone. hexactinellids (pp. 16-17). Bell, Alfred Hannam Beerbower, James R. See:

1 960. Search for the Past. An Introduction to Willman, H. B., L. E. Workman, and A. H. Paleontology. Prentice Hall, Inc., Englewood Bell, 1949.

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 15 Bell, Bruce M. Mastopora ("Nictitates" sp.) and Receptaculites sp. are found in the Ordovician Lourdes Lime- See: stone of the Long Point Group, southwestern Sprinkle, J., and B. M. Bell, 1978. Newfoundland (pp. 1629-1630).

Bell, Robert Bernard, Felix 1885 [1886]. Observations on the geology, zo- 1895. Elements de Paleontologie. J.-B. Bailiere, ology, and botany of Hudson's Strait and Paris, 1 168 pp., 606 text-figs. Bay, made in 1 885. Geological Survey ofCan- ada Annual Report, Ottawa, Ontario, n. ser., Receptaculites Defrance, Ischadites Murchison, vol. 1, 1885, Rep. DD, 27 pp., 5 text-figs. and Sphaerospongia Pengelly are poorly known

lyssacine sponges (p. 1 1 5). Devonian S. tessellata [Ordovician?] Receplaculites [sic] oweni is found is figured (p. 1 1 4, text-fig. 1 6). off Big Island in the Hudson's Strait, Canada (p.

9). Bernier, Paul

Bell, W. Charles See:

J.-P., P. Bernier, R. P. See: Bassoullet, Deloffre, Genot, M. Jaffrezo, A.-F. Poignant, and G. Weiss, M. P., and W. C. Bell, 1956. Segonzac, 1975 and 1977. Bassoullet, J.-P., P. Bernier, R. Deloffre, P. Berg, Robert R. Genot, M. Jaffrezo, and D. Vachard, 1979. 1960. Cambrian and Ordovician history of Col- orado; pp. 10-17, 4 text-figs. In Weimer, Beugnies, Alphonse Robert J., and John D. Haun (eds.), Guide to See: Geology of Colorado. Geological Society of A. A. J.-M. America, Rocky Mountain Association of Waterlot, G., Beugnies, Bonte, Charlet, and P. Corsin, 1973. Geologists, and Colorado Scientific Society, Denver, Colorado, 310 pp. Bevan, Arthur C. The sponge Receptaculites is abundant in the Upper Ordovician Lower Fremont Formation in 1953. Mt. Carroll Area, Carroll County. Guide Leaflet 5 3 Illinois State Colorado (p. 16). A. Geological Survey, Geological Science Field Trip, 9 pp., 2 pis., 3 2 Berggren, Dwain J. tables, maps.

See: Cerionites dactyloides occurs in the Cerionites bed of the Silurian Dolo- Reinertsen, D. L., D. J. Berggren, and M. M. (Niagaran) Hopkinton mite northwestern Illinois and north- Killey, 1972, 1973a, 1973b, and 1974. throughout eastern Iowa, but is absent farther east (pp. 2, 6).

Bergquist, Patricia R. Beyrich, [Heinrich] Ernst 1978. Sponges. University of California, Berke- Versteine- ley, California, 268 pp., illus. 1837. Beitraege zur Kenntniss der rungen des Rheinischen Uebergangsgebirges. Receptaculitida without pores, canal system, and Heft 1. Berlin, 44 pp., 2 pis. spicules cannot be sponges (p. 2 1 7). A new form of "Echino-Encriniten" [Sphaero- from the Middle Devonian of Villmar, Bergstroem, Stig M ., John Riva, and G. Marshall spongia] Kay Germany, is mentioned (p. 1 6).

1 974. Significance ofconodonts, graptolites, and Bierbauer, Bruno shelly faunas from the Ordovician of western and north-central Newfoundland. Canadian 1888 [1891]. A check-list of the Palaeozoic fos-

Journal of Earth Sciences, vol. 1 1, no. 12, pp. sils of Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, Dakota,

1625-1660, 10 text-figs., 10 tables. and Nebraska. Bulletin of the Minnesota

16 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Academy of Natural Sciences, vol. 3, no. 2, stone at Ottawa resemble Ischadites koenigi and paper 2, pp. 206-247. are described (pp. 342-343) as an uncertain class allied to the Tunicata. The following sponges are listed: Cerronites [sic] [This is also published in a French edition.] dactyoloides Owen from the [Silurian] Niagaran of Iowa, Receptaculites globularis Hall from the 1858. Report for the year 1857 of E. Billings, [Ordovician] Galena ofWisconsin, R. hemisphaeri- Esq., Palaeontologist, addressed to Sir W. E. cus Hall and R. infundibuliformis Hall from the Logan, F.R.S., Director of the Geological Sur- Niagaran of Wisconsin, R. iowensis Owen from vey of Canada. Geological Survey of Canada the Galena of Wisconsin and the [Ordovician] Report of Progress, 1857, pp. 147-192, 24 Hudson River of Minnesota and Iowa, R. occi- dentalis Salter from the Hudson River of Min- text-figs. nesota, R. oweni Hall from the Galena of Wis- Receptaculites occidentalis (Salter) is common consin, the [Devonian] Hamilton of Minnesota, in the Lower Silurian [Ordovician] Trenton For- and the [Ordovician] Trenton of Iowa, and R. re- mation in New York and the Black River Lime- the ticulata Owen from Niagaran of Iowa (p. 208). stone in Canada (p. 156).

John J. Bigsby, 1863a. [Descriptions of fossils]; pp. 1-935, nu-

merous figs. In William E., of 1 868. Thesaurus Siluricus. The Flora and Fauna Logan, Report from its Commencement to of the Silurian Period. With addenda (from Progress 1863; illustrated 498 woodcuts in the text, and recent acquisitions). John Van Voorst, Lon- by accompanied by an atlas of maps and sec- don, 214 pp., 1 map. tions. Geological Survey of Canada. Dawson The Silurian of the fol- [and Ordovician] species Brothers, Montreal, Quebec, 983 pp. lowing genera are listed: Amphispongia M'Coy occidentalis is found in the Lower 1846, Calathium Billings 1865, Coscinopora [of Receptaculites Silurian and Black River Owen], Ischadites Murchison 1 839, Nidulites Salter [Ordovician] Birdseye Formations in southeastern Canada 1851, Receptaculites Defrance 1827, Sphaero- (pp. 163, 165, a tunicate allied to /. spongia Salter, and Tetragonis Eichwald 1859 are 195). Ischadites, koenigi, occurs in the Middle Silurian in the An- listed as Amorphozoa under Protozoa. Cyclocri- Niagaran ticosti Ischadites canadensis nus Eichwald 1859 (= Pasceolus Billings 1857), Group (p. 327). (Bil- is A second tuni- Mastopora Eichwald 1859, and Pasceolus Billings lings) figured (p. 309, fig. 313). Pasceolus halli is 308- 1857 are listed under Crinoidea, Polyzoa, and in- cate, (Billings), figured (pp. certae sedis, respectively (pp. 3-5, 19, 85, 192, 309; fig. 312). 194). 1863b. Appendix 2. Catalogue of Lower Siluri- 1878. Thesaurus Devonico-Carboniferous. The an fossils; pp. 936-954. In Logan, William Flora and Fauna of the Devonian and Car- E., Report of Progress from its Commence- boniferous Periods. John Van Voorst, Lon- ment to 1863; illustrated by 498 woodcuts in don, 447 pp. the text, and accompanied by an atlas of maps and sections. Geological Survey of Canada. Devonian Receptaculites neptuni, R. rhombifera Dawson Brothers, Montreal, Quebec, 983 pp. [sic], R. sp., and Sphaerospongia tessellata (pp. 6- 7) and Carboniferous Receptaculites sp. from Si- The following Protozoa are listed: Receptacu- lites R. R. lesia (p. 20 1 ) are listed as Protozoa. Defrance, occidentalis Salter (= neptuni Hall) from the Birdseye, Black River, and Trenton Billings, Elkanah Formations, R. iowensis Owen from the Trenton, and R. calciferus Billings from the Calciferous For- 1857. Report for the year 1856, of E. Billings, mation (p. 937). Pasceolus Billings and P. globosus Esq., Palaeontologist, addressed to Sir Wil- Billings from the Trenton are listed under incertae liam E. Logan, Provincial Geologist. Geolog- sedis (p. 954). ical Survey of Canada Report of Progress for 1853-1854-1855-1856, pp. 247-345. 1865a. Palaeozoic Fossils. Volume 1. Contain- Pasceolus and P. halli from Gamache Bay and ing Descriptions and Figures of New or Little P. globosus from the [Ordovician] Trenton Lime- Known Species of Organic Remains from the

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 17 Silurian Rocks, 1861-1865. Geological Sur- 388 and 390-392, except that the description and vey of Canada. Dawson Brothers, Montreal, illustration of Receptaculites jonesi are omitted, Quebec, 426 pp., 401 text-figs. and the figures are renumbered.

The following are described and illustrated: Cal- See also: athium n. gen., C. formosum n. sp., C. affine n. Billings, E., 1865b. sp., C. anstedi n. sp., C. fittoni n. sp., C. (?) pan- nosum n. sp., and C. anstedi (?) (C crassum n. 1866. Catalogues of the Silurian fossils of the sp. if distinct) from the Lower Silurian [Ordovi- Island of Anticosti, with descriptions of some cian] Quebec Group of northern Newfoundland new genera and species. Geological Survey of (pp. 208-211, 335-338, text-figs. 192-196, 324- Canada Special Report, 99 pp., numerous text- 325, 416); Calathium (?) paradoxicum n. sp., Re- figs. ceptaculites calciferus n. sp. (which resembles R. occidentalis from the Black River Limestone), and Receptaculites (?) insularis n. sp. from the lower R. (?) elegantulus n. sp. from the Lower Silurian part (Div. 1 . A.G.) of the Anticosti Group at Ga- Calciferous Formation of the Min- [Ordovician] mache Bay is described. It appears congeneric with 345- gan Islands, Quebec (pp. 358-360, text-figs. Tetragonis sulcata but cannot be referred to that Calathium canadense from the 347); [Ordovician] genus unless T. murchisoni is replaced by T. sul- Limestone of the Chazy Mingan Islands, Quebec cata as the type species (pp. 29-30). Pasceolus and (pp. 377-378, text-fig. 351); Receptaculites jonesi the following species are described as incertae se- n. from the Devonian Lower sp. Helderberg Group dis: P. halli Billings; P. gregarius Billings, and P. of Genus Cape Gaspe (pp. 389-390, text-fig. 365). intermedius Billings from Anticosti, and P. glo- Receptaculites Defrance, a possible foraminifer, is bosus from the Trenton at Ottawa, Ontario. the are and described; following species discussed, Ischadites koenigi, Sphaeronites, S. tesselatus, Cy- some are illustrated: R. occidentalis, R. calciferus, clocrinus, Cyclocrinites, and Nidulites are men- R. R. canadense, R. iowensis, oweni, Tetragonis tioned (pp. 69-72). murchisonii, T. sulcata, T. parvipora, and Ischa- dites koenigii Murchison (pp. 378-388, text-figs. Bjurlykke, Knut 353-364). The structure, probable life orientation, and zoological classification of Receptaculites are 1974. Depositional history and geochemical discussed. composition of Lower Paleozoic epicontinen- Genus Pasceolus of uncertain taxonomic posi- tal sediments from the Oslo region. Norges tion is described; P. halli and P. globosus are dis- Geologiske Undersokelse No. 305, pp. 1-81, cussed and illustrated (pp. 390-392, text-figs. 366- 9 tables, 27 figs. 367). The Middle Ordovician Furuberg Formation of the Mjosa region comprises the Coelosphaeridium See also: and the Cyclocrinus beds (p. 1 8). Billings, E., 1865b and 1865c.

Blacet, Philip M. 1865b. New species of Lower Silurian fossils. Geological Survey of Canada, Pamphlet, pp. See: 169-344, text-figs. 153-331. West, W. S., and P. M. Blacet, 1971.

This is identical to Billings, E., 1865a, pp. 1 69— Robert Gordon 344. Blackadar,

1956. Geological reconnaissance of Admiralty See also: Inlet, Baffin Island, Arctic Archipelago, Billings, E., 1865c. Northwest Territories. Geological Survey of Canada, Paper 55-6, 25 pp., 2 text-figs., 1 1865c. Notes on some of the more remarkable map. genera of Silurian and Devonian fossils. Ca- Receptaculites cf. arcticus Etheridge is listed from nadian Naturalist and Geologist, n. ser., vol. the Ordovician Ship Point and Baillarge Bay For- 2, pp. 184-198, 14 text-figs. mations of Admiralty Inlet, Baffin Island (pp. 18- This is identical to Billings, E., 1865a, pp. 378- 19).

FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY 1963. Additional notes to accompany Map letin de la Societe Geologique de France, Paris, e 3-1958 (Fury and Hecla Strait Map-area) and France, 7 ser., tome 13, nos. 3-4, pp. 420- Map 4-1958 (Foxe Basin North Map-area). 429, pi. 28, 5 text-figs. Geological Survey of Canada, Paper 62-35, Receptaculites neptuni occurs in rocks of Fras- 24 pp. nian [Devonian] age in the Sadmarda Mountains Receptaculites sp. is part of the Arctic Ordovi- of Afghanistan (p. 424). cian fauna from Mogg Bay, Arctic Canada (p. 1 6). Blake, Donald Alan Wright 1967. Geological reconnaissance, southern Baf- fin Island, District of Franklin. Geological See: T. and D. A. W. 1952. Survey ofCanada, Paper 66-47, 32 pp., 1 text- Clark, H., Blake,

fig., 3 maps. Blanford, Henry Francis Receptaculites spp. are found at a number of localities of Lake Wilderness, Barneveld, and See: post-Barneveld ages [Ordovician] on southern Baf- Salter, J. W., and H. F. Blanford, 1865. fin Island, Arctic Canada (pp. 20-21, 23-29). Blusson, S. L. See also: Lemon, R. H. H., and R. G. Blackadar, 1963. See: Gabrielse, H., S. L. Blusson, and J. A. Rod- Blackadar, Robert Gordon, and Robert L. Christie dick, 1973.

1963. Geological reconnaissance, Boothia Pen- Bold, Harold C, and Michael J. insula and Somerset, King William, and Prince Wynne District of Franklin. of Wales Islands, Geo- 1978. Introduction to the Algae. Structure and of 15 logical Survey Canada, Paper 63-19, pp., Reproduction. Prentice Hall, Inc., Englewood 2 maps. Cliffs, New Jersey, 706 pp., numerous text-

Receptaculites sp. on Somerset Island, North- figs. west is of the Arctic Ordovician Territories, part There is some doubt that members of the re- fauna, which is equivalent to the Cornwallis and ceptaculitid family Receptaculitaceae are true das- Allen Bay faunas of Cornwallis Island and to the yclads (p. 219). Ordovician Ischadites iowensis faunas in the Upper Ordovician Head For- Dog Owen and Cyclocrinus porosus Stolley are figured mation of southern Manitoba (p. 10). as dasycladaceans (p. 22, figs. 1.9, 1.10a).

Blainville, Henri Marie Ducrotay de Bolton, Thomas E. 1830. Receptaculite, Receptaculites. Diction- 1960. Catalogue of Invertebrate Fossils of naire des Sciences Naturelles. Tome 60, pp. Type the Geological Survey of Canada. Volume 1. 534-535. F. G. Levrault, Strasbourg and Paris, Survey of Canada, 215 pp. 631 pp. Geological of Ordovician Calathium Bil- Receptaculites is a genus of lithozoaires (polyps) Holotypes affine C. anstedi C. crassum C. of uncertain taxonomic position. Receptaculites lings, Billings, Billings, C. C. neptunii Defrance is described (pp. 534-535). fittoni Billings, formosum Billings, (?) par- adoxicum Billings (= Nipterella paradoxica Hinde), 1834-1837. Manuel d'Actinologie ou de Zoo- and hypotypes of Whiteaves' Devonian Sphae- phytologie. Levrault, Paris, 694 pp. rospongia tessellata Phillips are in the collection of the Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa (pp. Devonian Receptaculites and R. neptuni (taxo- 8-10). nomic position uncertain) from Chimay are de- scribed (p. 572). 1961. Ordovician and Silurian formations of Blaise, Jacques, Raymond Desparmet, and Albert Anticosti Island, Quebec. Geological Survey F. de Lapparent of Canada, Paper 61-26, 18 pp.

1971. Stratigraphie et structure du Paleozoique The alga Cyclocrinus occurs in the Silurian Bec- de la region de Wardak, en Afghanistan. Bul- scie Formation on Anticosti Island (p. 9).

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 19 1965. Ordovician and Silurian tabulate corals Geological Survey of Canada, 269, pp. 1-5, 1 Labyrinthites, Arcturia, Troedssonites, Mul- table. tisolenia, and Boreaster. Bulletin of the Geo- Receptaculites sp. occurs in the late Middle Or- logical Survey of Canada, 1 34, part 2, pp. 1 5- dovician Bad Cache Rapids Formation on Mel- 33, pis. 4-10. ville Peninsula, District of Franklin (pp. 3-5). Receptaculites occurs in Middle Ordovician Wilderness Stage Limestone near Lake Mani- 1977b. Ordovician megafauna. Melville Pen- in couagan, eastern Canada, and the upper part of insula, southeastern District of Franklin. Bul- the Upper Ordovician Cornwallis Formation on letin of the Geological Survey ofCanada, 269, Ellesmere Island (pp. 21-22, 25). pp. 23-75, 18 pis.

The aff. 1966. Catalogue of Type Invertebrate Fossils of alga Cyclocrinites globosus (Billings), aff. biconstrictus and Re- the Geological Survey of Canada. Volume 3. Receptaculites Bassler, are in the Middle Ordo- Geological Survey of Canada, 203 pp. ceptaculites sp. present vician Bad Cache Rapids Limestone on Melville of intermedins Type specimens Cyclocrinites Peninsula (pp. 24, 26-27, 30). Cyclocrinites is Ischadites canadensis /. otta- (Billings), Billings, present in younger beds of the formation, while waensis Pasceolus P. Wilson, globosus Billings, Receptaculites is abundant throughout. Receptac- gregarius Billings (= Cyclocrinites gregarius is 1 ulites sp. figured (pi. , fig. 2) and described (p. P. halli halli Twenhofel), Billings (= Cyclocrinites 26). Receptaculites biconstrictus (?) Bassler is listed Twenhofel), P. intermedins Billings, Receptacu- from the Porterfield-Wilderness beds of Tennes- lites cf. arcticus R. Etheridge, calciferus Billings, see. The Arctic Ordovician fauna containing Re- R. R. insularis (?) elegantulus Billings, (?) Billings ceptaculites is also present in the basal Cape Cal- (= Ischadites (?) insularis Twenhofel), R. iowensis houn beds of upper Gonioceras Bay Formation of (Owen), R. jonesi Billings, R. occidentalis Salter, northwestern Greenland. R. oweni Hall, and Receptaculites sp. are in the collection of the of Canada in Geological Survey See also: Ottawa. All are of uncertain taxonomic position Copeland, M. J., and T. E. Bolton, 1975. except the algae Cyclocrinites and Pasceolus (pp. Norford, B. S., T. E. Bolton, M. J. Copeland, 142-144). L. M. Cumming, and G. W. Sinclair, 1970. Workum, R. H., T. E. Bolton, and C. R. 1968. Catalogue of Invertebrate Fossils of Type Barnes, 1976. the Geological Survey of Canada. Volume 4. Geological Survey of Canada, 22 1 pp. Bolton, Thomas E., and Bruce A. Liberty Sinclair's (1964) syntype of Receptaculites oc- 1954. Description of stops. The stratigraphy of cidentalis Salter, of uncertain taxonomic position, Manitoulin Island, Ontario, Canada. Michi- is in the Canadian Geological Survey collection gan Geological Society Annual Field Trip. (p. 220). June 19-20, 1954. Michigan Geological So- ciety [Ann Arbor, Michigan], pp. 27-30. 1972. Geological maps and notes on the Or- dovician and Silurian litho- and biostratig- Receptaculites occidentalis is characteristic of the raphy, Anticosti Island, Quebec. Geological higher strata of the Ordovician Cloche Island beds Survey of Canada, Paper 71-19, 45 pp., 12 on Great Cloche Island, Ontario (p. 28). pis., 16 text-figs., 1 map. Antoine The algae Cyclocrinites halli (Billings) and C Bonte, occur in the gregarius (Billings) Late Ordovician See: Ellis Formation and the Lower Bay Niagaran (Si- Waterlot, G., A. Beugnies, A. Bonte, J.-M. lurian) Becscie Formation, on Anti- respectively, Charlet, and P. Corsin, 1973. costi Island, Quebec (pp. 8, 12).

Born, Kendall, E. 1977a. Introduction. Geology of Ordovician rocks, Melville Peninsula and region, south- 1937. Kimmswick horizon in south-central eastern District of Franklin. Bulletin of the Tennessee (abstr.). Proceedings of the Geo-

20 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY logical Society of America, 1936, pp. 370- "Receptaculites" are mentioned from the Or-

371. dovician Kimmswick (Trenton) Limestone (p. 20).

Receptaculites oweni is found near Aspen Hill, John Adams Tennessee, in an Ordovician Kimmswick-age Bownocker, limestone (p. 371). 1898. The paleontology and stratigraphy of the Corniferous rocks ofOhio. Bulletin of the Sci- Bornemann, Johann Georg entific Laboratories of Denison University, 1886. Die des Cambrischen Versteinerungen vol. 1 1, art. 2, pp. 1 1-40, 8 pis. Schichtensystems der Insel Sardinien nebst A Devonian devonicus vergleichenden Untersuchungen ueber ana- sponge, Receptaculites Whitfield, is found beneath the bone bed in Co- loge Vorkommnisse aus andern Laendern. Ohio Acte (Verhandlungen) der Kaiserliche Leo- lumbus, (p. 20, pi. 6). poldinisch-Carolinischen Deutschen Akade- Arthur L. mie der Naturforscher. Halle, Band 5 1 , no. 1 , Bowsher,

148 pp., 33 pis. 1967. The Devonian System of New Mexico. Ischadites, Cyclocrinus, Receptaculites, Pasceo- Tulsa Geological Society Digest, vol. 35, pp. lus, Tetragonis, and Polygonosphaerites are or- 259-267, 7 text-figs. ganisms of uncertain taxonomic position. Cala- Latest Middle Devonian in Sacramento and San thium (?) paradoxicum Billings (p. 33) and Andres Mountains of New Mexico contains Receptaculites (p. 35) are mentioned. Sphaerospongia (p. 261), which is also reported Boule, Marcellin, and Jean Piveteau from Onate Formation in Mud Spring Mountains (p. 266). 1935. Les Fossiles, Elements de Paleontologie. Masson and Cie, Paris, 899 pp., 1330 text- Bowyer, Ben figs. See: Enigmatic Silurian and Devonian Receptacu- C. R., E. H. B. lites is probably a sponge (p. 89). Longwell, Pampeyan, Bowyer, and R.J. Roberts, 1965. Boutiere, Andre, and Denise Brice Frank H. 1966. La serie devonienne de Ghaghana-Oud- Bradley, jerak (Province de Ghazni, Afghanistan). 1870. Geology of Grundy County. Geological Comptes Rendu Hebdomadaire des Seances Survey of Illinois. Volume 4. Geology and de l'Academie des Sciences, Paris, France, vol. Paleontology. Published by authority of the 263, ser. D, no. 25, pp. 1940-1942. Legislature of Illinois, Springfield, Illinois, Abundant Receptaculites occur with tabulate pp. 190-206. corals in the Devonian of the Ghazni Province, Receptaculites occurs in the [Ordovician] Tren- Afghanistan (pp. 1940-1942). ton Limestone ofGrundy County, Illinois (p. 20 1 ). Bowerbank, James Scott Bradley, John II .. Jr. 1845. Description of a new genus of calcareous sponge. Annals and Magazine of Natural 1925. Stratigraphy of the Kimmswick Lime- History; including Zoology, Botany and Ge- stone of Missouri and Illinois. Journal of Ge-

ology, London, vol. 15, no. 99, pp. 297-300, ology, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 49-74. pi. 17. The Ordovician Kimmswick Limestone (= Re- tessellatus resembles a calcareous Sphaeronites ceptaculite limestone) of Missouri and Illinois Dunstervillia n. sponge, gen. contains Receptaculites cornutiformis n. sp., Is- chadites iowensis, and R. oweni, an important ho- Bowman, Isaiah, and C. A. Reeds rizon marker (pp. 50, 52-54, 56, 58-59). Ischa- 1907. Water resources of the East St. Louis dis- dites iowensis and R. oweni from the Kimmswick trict. Illinois State Geological Survey Bulletin, and Prosser Formations and Nidulites favus and no. 5, 128 pp., 4 pis., 1 1 text-figs. Receptaculites from the Chambersburg Limestone

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 21 of the Appalachian Valley are listed (pp. 62-64, The Ordovician Kimmswick Limestone was 71). known as the Receptaculite Limestone (p. 54). Re-

ceptaculites oweni is illustrated and described (p. 1930. Fauna of the Kimmswick Limestone of 98, pi. 2, fig. 11). Missouri and Illinois. Contributions from the Walker Museum ofthe University ofChicago, 1944. The geology of Missouri. University of vol. 2, no. 6, pp. 219-290, pis. 23-30. Missouri Studies, vol. 19, no. 3, 535 pp., 49 Receptaculites cornutiformis n. sp. (class Spon- pis., 51 text-figs. giae, incertae sedis ) from the [Ordovician] Calathium (?) [probably not Calathium] from Kimmswick Limestone of Missouri is described, the Ordovician Jefferson City Formation and Re- figured, and compared to R. oweni Hall (pp. 221— ceptaculites cornutiformis Bradley and R. oweni 222). (Hall) from the Middle Ordovician Kimmswick Limestone are listed as Brady, Henry Bowman (Receptaculite) sponges (pp. 54, 85-86). 1876. A monograph of Carboniferous and Permian Foraminifera (the genus Fusulina Branson, Edwin Bayer, and Virgil B. Cole excepted). Palaeontographical Society [Monographs], 161 pp., 12 pis., 8 tables. 1941. [Road log]. Third day of field conference, Friday, August 29, 1941, Columbia to St. Receptaculites oceani Eichwald is a Carbonif- Louis, Missouri. Guide Book. Fifteenth An- erous foraminifer (p. 151 ). nual Field Conference. The Kansas Geologi- cal Central and northeastern Mis- Brainerd, A. I .. H. L. Baldwin, Jr., and I. A. Keyte Society. souri and adjoining area in Illinois. August 1933. Pre-Pennsylvanian stratigraphy of the 27 to 31, 1941. Kansas Geological Society, Front Range in Colorado. Bulletin of the [Wichita, Kansas?], pp. 41-48. American Association of Petroleum Geolo-

gists, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 375-396, 10 text-figs., Receptaculites oweni is present at the top of the 4 tables. Ordovician Kimmswick Limestone in the Castle-

wood section, St. Louis County, Missouri (p. 47). The coral Receptaculites owenii [sic] is common in the Ordovician Fremont Limestone near Canon Brasier, M. D. City, Colorado (p. 387).

1976. Early Cambrian intergrowths of archaeo- Braithwaite, L. F. cyathids, Renalcis, and pseudo-stromatolites See: from South Australia. Palaeontology, vol. 19, L. L. F. L. Hintze, F., Braithwaite, D. Clark, part 2, pp. 223-245, pis. 35-37, 6 text-figs. R. L. Ethington, and R. H. Flower, 1969. Zhuravleva (1974) proposed a new Kingdom, Branisa, Leonardo Archaeata, to include archaeocyathids, aphrosal- pingoids, soanitids, and receptaculitids (p. 235). 1965. Los fosiles guias de Bolivia. Index fossils of Bolivia. Servicio Geologico de Bolivia, Bretz, J Harlen Boletin, La Paz, Bolivia, no. 6, 282 pp., 80 pis. 1923. Geology and mineral resources of the Receptaculites bolivianus Branisa from the Re- Kings Quadrangle. Illinois State Geological ceptaculites zone of the Lower Devonian at Belen, Survey, Bulletin 43, pp. 205-304, pis. 4-6, table 7. Quebrada Jacha Chili, Bolivia, is figured (pi. 49). text-figs. 44-77,

See also: Receptaculites, of uncertain systematic position, Ahlfeld, F., and L. Branisa, 1960. is figured as a characteristic fossil of the Ordovi- cian Galena Formation in the Kings Quadrangle Edwin Branson, Bayer area of Illinois (pp. 228-230, fig. 50). 1918. Geology of Missouri. University of Mis- souri Bulletin, vol. 19, no. 15, 172 pp., 5 pis., 1939. Geology of the Chicago region. Illinois 59 text-figs. State Geological Survey, Bulletin 65, part 1,

22 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY 1 1 8 pp., 7 pis., 9 1 text-figs. [Reprinted in 1 953 Limestone of Illinois and Iowa, occurs in ten Mis- and 1964.] souri counties (p. 28).

Calathium sp. from the Silurian of the Chicago Brock, Maurice R. region is figured as a sponge (p. 76, pi. 6, fig. 1). See:

Brice, Denise Heyl, A. V., Jr., J. W. Hosterman, and M. R. Brock, 1964. 1970. Etude paleontologique et stratigraphique du Devonien de P Contribution Afghanistan. Broderip, W. J. a la connaissance des brachiopods et des po- 1 835. 1 64. In De La lypiers nigueux. Notes et Memoires sur le [Footnote]; p. Beche, Henry Thomas, On the of Tor and Bab- Moyen-Orient, Paris, France, vol. 1 1, 364 pp., Geology bacombe Bays, Devon. Transactions of the 20 pis., 65 text-figs., 5 tables. Geological Society [London], 2nd ser., vol. 3, Receptaculites sp. is listed from two Devonian pp. 161-170. localities in Afghanistan (pp. 309, 311). [Devonian Sphaerospongia tessellata] from Devon is described as a tunicate in a footnote See also: [signed W. J. B.]. Boutiere, A., and D. Brice, 1966.

See also: Bridge, Josiah De La Beche, H. T., 1835. 1930. Geology of the Eminence and Cardareva Quadrangles. Missouri Bureau of Geology and Brogger, Waldemar Christofer Mines 2nd ser., vol. 24, 228 22 [Report], pp., 1884. Spaltenverwerfungen in der Gegend Lan- 10 2 tables. pis., text-figs., gesund-Skien. Nyt Magazin for Naturviden- skaberne, Kristiania Bind 253- The sponge Calathium sp. [probably not Ca- [Oslo], 28, pp. 30 1 tables. lathium] is characteristic of the Ordovician Jef- 419, text-figs., map, ferson Formation in the Ozark of Mis- City region Upper Ordovician Mastopora concava Eich- souri (p. 128). wald, Cyclocrinites spaskii Eichwald, and recep- taculitids occur in the Oslo region of Norway (pp. See also: 26 1-265). Mastopora concava is also found in Es- Dake, C. L., and J. Bridge, 1932. tonia (p. 263).

Bridges, Luther W. (Dan) 1887. Geologisk kart over oerne ved Kristiania. P. T. Mailings Boghandel, Kristiania [Oslo], 1964. Stratigraphy of Mina Plomosas-Placer de 36 pp. Guadalupe area. Geology of Mina Plomosas- Placer de Guadalupe area, Chihuahua, Mex- Cyclocrinites spaskii Eichwald occurs in the [Or- ico. West Texas Geological Society Publica- dovician, Caradocian] 4b Zone in Norway (p. 23). tion, Midland, Texas, 64-50 [Field Trip Guidebook, 1964], pp. 50-59. See also: Brogger, W. C, 1890. Receptaculites is present in the Ordovician Sos- tenes Formation in Mexico (pp. 50-51). 1890. Geologisk kart over oerne ved Kristiania. Nyt Magazin for Naturvidenskaberne, Kris- Broadhead, Garland C. tiania [Oslo], vol. 31, pp. 162-195, 1 map, 1 table. 1 874. General geology. Report of the Geological Survey ofthe State of Missouri, Including Field This is identical to Brogger, W. C, 1887. Work of 1873-1874. Regan and Carter, Jef- ferson City, Missouri, pp. 18-34. Bronn, Heinrich Georg

The Lower Silurian [Ordovician] Receptaculite 1850-1856. Systematische Uebersicht der fos- Limestone, which is correlated with the Galena silen Pflanzen und Thiere nach ihrer geolo-

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 23 gischen Verbreitung; Erster Band. In Bronn, and C spaskii Eichwald are listed and their strati- Heinrich Georg and [Carl] Ferdinand von graphic positions given (pp. 85, 181). Roemer, H. G. Bronn's Lethaea Geognostica, oder Abbildung und Beschreibung der fuer die Bronn, Heinrich Georg, and [Carl] Ferdinand von Gebirgs-Formationen bezeichnendsten Ver- Roemer steinerungen. Dritte Auflage [3rd ed.], 1850-1856. Atlas zu H. G. Bronn's Lethaea Schweitzerbart'sche Verlagshandlung, Stutt- Geognostica oder Abbildung und Beschrei- gart. 204 pp. [The first edition of Band 1 and bung der fuer die Gebirgs-Formationen Be- Atlas was published in Stuttgart, 1834-1837; zeichnendsten Versteinerungen. Schweizer- Band 2 in Stuttgart, 1838. The second edition bart'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart, 123 pp., of Band 1 was published in Stuttgart in 1837.] 63 pis. Silurian [Ordovician] Mastopora Eichwald and Defrance from the De- Tetragonis Eichwald, and [Ordovician], Silurian, Receptaculites neptuni vonian of and and Devonian Receptaculites Defrance are listed Chimay, Belgium (pi. VI, fig. 5a), from the limestone in Eifel (pi. VI, figs. 5b and 5c) as Amorphozoa (p. 11). Cyclocrinus Eichwald is is figured. listed as a Silurian [Ordovician] cystidean (p. 23).

Bronn, Heinrich Georg, H. R. Goeppert, and H. Broughton, W. A. V. Meyer See: 1848. Index Palaeontologicus oder Uebersicht Heyl, A. V., Jr., W. A. Broughton, and W. S. der bis jetzt Bekannten fossilen Organismen. West, 1970. Part 1. Nomenclator palaeontologicus in al-

phabetischer ordnung. Vol. 1, A-M, pp. 1- Brown, C. Ervin 776; Vol. 2, N-Z, pp. 777-1381. In Bronn, See: Heinrich Georg, Handbuch einer Geschichte Flint, A. E., and C. E. Brown, 1955. der Natur. 3 Band. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart. West, W. S., J. W. Whitlow, C. E. Brown, and [This may have been published under more A. V. Heyl, Jr., 1971. than one title.] Whitlow, J. W., and C. E. Brown, 1963. The following are listed: the crinoids Cyclocri- nites Eichwald, Cyclocrinus Eichwald, C. dubium Brown, C. Ervin, Lorence G. Collins, and Percy Eichwald, C. spaskii Eichwald; the polyps Mas- Crosby topora Eichwald, M. concava Eichwald, Tettra- 1955. and zinc-lead deposits in the gonis (= Tetragonis) Eichwald, T. murchisoni Geology Couler Valley area, County, Iowa. Eichwald, Ischadites Murchison, /. koenigii Mur- Dubuque United States Survey Mineral In- chison, Receptaculites (= Ischadites), R. bronni Geological Field Studies Eichwald, R. neptuni Defrance; and the stelleroids vestigations Map, MF-42, map and text. Sphaeronites and S. tessellatus (pp. 373, 614, 708, 1079, 1164, 1262). Receptaculites zones are important stratigraphic markers for lead deposits in the Stewartville and 1849. Index Palaeontologicus oder Uebersicht Prosser members of the Middle Ordovician Ga- der bis jetzt Bekannten fossilen Organismen. lena Dolomite in Dubuque County, Iowa (fig. 2, Part 2. Enumerator 1 106 pp. palaeontologicus; table 3, text). In Bronn, Heinrich Georg, Handbuch einer Geschichte der Natur. 3 Band. Schweitzer- Brown, C. Ervin, and Jesse W. Whitlow bart, Stuttgart. [This may have been pub-

lished under more than one title.] 1960. Geology of the Dubuque South Quadran- gle, Iowa-Illinois. Bulletin of the United States Amorphozoans Mastopora Eichwald, M. con- Geological Survey, 1 123-A, 93 pp., 7 pis., 18 cava Eichwald, Tetragonis Eichwald, T. murchi- text-figs., 1 table. soni Eichwald, Tetragonis (Sphaeronites), T tes- sellatus Phillips, Receptaculites Defrance, R. orbis Receptaculites oweni Hall is common in the Eichwald, R. bronnii Eichwald, R. neptuni De- Prosser and Stewartville Members of the Ordo- france, and the cystoideans Cyclocrinus Eichwald vician Galena Dolomite (pp. 17-21, pi. 3). Ce-

24 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY rionites occurs in the Silurian Hopkinton Dolo- is compared with the Receptaculites type. The po- mite in Dubuque County, Iowa (p. 33). sition of soft parts in and the life orientation of receptaculitids are discussed. Arguments are made Brown, C. Ervin, Jesse W. Whitlow, and Percy against an apex-down orientation. An analysis of Crosby the systematic position of receptaculitids indicates that they constitute an order, Receptaculitales, of 1957. Geology and zinc-lead deposits in the Cat- calcareous algae separate from Dasycladales. fish Creek area, Dubuque County, Iowa. United States Geological Survey Mineral In- Buckley, Ernest Robertson vestigations Field Studies Map MF-1 16, map and text. 1 909. Geology ofthe disseminated lead deposits of St. Francois and Counties Receptaculites occurs in the Middle Ordovician Washington Missouri of Stewartville and Prosser Members of the Galena [Missouri]. Bureau Geology and Mines [Report], vol. 9, part 1, 259 pp., 39 Dolomite in the Catfish Creek area of Iowa (fig. pis., 10 text-figs., 3 tables. 2). The Stewartville Member contains an upper Receptaculites zone; a lower Receptaculites zone The Ordovician Kimmswick Formation of Mis- in the Prosser Member is not in the area. exposed souri is characterized by abundant remains of the "sunflower coral" in the Receptaculites horizon (p. Howard E. Brown, 64). See:

Stovall, J. W., and H. E. Brown, 1954. Burbank, Wilbur Swett

1932. Geology and ore deposits of the Bonanza Browne, W. R. mining district, Colorado. United States Geo- See: logical Survey Professional Paper 169, 166 David, T. W. E., and W. R. Browne, 1950. pp., 35 pis., 47 text-figs.

Receptaculites sp. and R. oweni Hall are found Bruce, Everend Lester in the Upper Ordovician upper limestone member 1918. Amisk-Athapapuskow lake district. Geo- of the Tomichi Limestone in the Kerber Creek

logical Survey ofCanada Memoir 105, 91 pp., region of Colorado (p. 11, fig. 2). 7 pis., 4 text-figs., 1 map. Burchard, Ernest F. Pasceolus (Cyclocrinus) spaskii (?) Eichwald and Receptaculites cf. oweni are found in Middle Or- See: dovician Trenton in (?) dolomite northern Man- Grant, U. S., and E. F. Burchard, 1907. itoba and Saskatchewan, Canada (p. 49). Bureau, M. E. [Edouard?] Brummer, G. J. A. 1861. Observations sur le terrain devonien de 1979. of sulcata Paleobiology Tetragonis la Basse-Loire. Bulletin de la Societe Geolo- d'Eichwald, 1860, an Ordovician receptacu- gique de France, Paris, 2nd ser., vol. 1 8, pp. lite in erratics from the Northern Nether- 337-341. lands. Scripta Geologica. Rijksmuseum van Geologie en Mineralogie, Leyden, Nether- Lower Devonian Receptaculites neptuni from shales in the Basse-Loire lands, no. 53, pp. 1-40, 16 text-figs. argillaceous (Maine-et- Loire) is listed (p. 338). Tetragonis sulcata d'Eichwald 1860 from Up- per Ordovician erratics in the northern Nether- Burhenne, H. lands is described. Eichwald's original description of this taxon is reviewed. Tetragonis sulcata and 1 899. Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Fauna der Ten- Lepidolites dickhauti Ulrich 1879 are placed in taculitenschiefer im Lahngebiet mit beson- family Tetragonaceae Rietschel 1 969 (nomen cor- derer Beruecksichtigung der Schiefer von Leun rectum). The functional morphology, growth, and unweit Braunfels. Herausgegeben von der merom calcification of receptaculitids are dis- Koeniglich Preussischen geologischen Lan- cussed. The Tetragonis type merom arrangement desantalt. Neue Folge, Heft 29, 56 pp., 5 pis.

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 25 Devonian Receptaculites is described as a pro- America. Gebrueder Borntraeger, Berlin, 643 tozoan from Eifel, and from Leun, Oberbiel (pp. pp. 44-45). Ordovician Receptaculites oweni is abundant in the Galena (Trenton) of Michigan, in the Recep- Burns, Cecil Albert taculites beds of the Dubuque Dolomite, in two 1952. Geological notes on localities in James horizons of the Galena in Wisconsin, Illinois, Iowa, Bay, Hudson Bay, and Foxe Basin visited dur- and Minnesota, and in the Trenton-age Stewart- ing an exploration cruise, 1949. Geological ville Formation (Maclurea beds) in southwestern Survey ofCanada, Paper 52-25, 16 pp., 1 map Minnesota (pp. 339-340). Receptaculites occiden- [fossils identified by Alice E. Wilson]. talis is found in the Middle Ordovician (Mohawk- ian) Curdsville Limestone in Frankfort, Kentucky Ordovician, Richmond Receptaculites cf. arc- (p. 343). Calathium sp. [probably not Calathium] ticus Etheridge is found on Prince Charles and Air occurs in the Ordovician Jefferson City Dolomite Force Islands in the Northwest Territories (pp. 7- in Missouri and Arkansas (p. 325). The Trenton- 8). age Clitambonites beds of the Prosser Limestone in southeastern Minnesota contain Ischadites Buschbach, Thomas C. iowensis, Pasceolus globosus, and R. oweni (p. 340). See:

Odom, I. E., G. M. Wilson, G. Dow, T. C. 1 940. Geology of the Appalachian Valley in Vir-

Buschbach, W. C. Smith, and P. B. Du ginia. Part 1 . Geologic text and illustrations. Montelle, 1964. Bulletin ofthe Virginia Geological Survey, 52, Willman, H. B., and T. C. Buschbach, 1975. 568 pp., 63 pis., 10 text-figs., 10 tables.

The following Ordovician sponges from Virgin- Butts, Charles ia are listed: Nidulites [not cyclocrinitid] ovoides 1926. The Paleozoic rocks; pp. 41-230, pis. 3- n. sp. in the Lenoir Limestone; N. cf. pyriformis

76, text-figs. 2-4. In Adams, George I., Charles Bassler in the Ottosee and Chambersburg Lime- Butts, L. W. Stephenson, and Wythe Cooke, stones; Receptaculites sp. in the Lenoir, Whites- Geology of Alabama. Geological Survey of burg, Ottosee, and Chambersburg Limestones and Alabama, Special Report, no. 14, 312 pp. the Athens Formation; and R. cf. elegantulus in the Ottosee Limestone (pp. 142, 144, 156, 166, A Calathium-Mke sponge characteristic of the 171, 175, 184, 198-199). Lower Ordovician from the Odenville Limestone in Cohaba Valley, Alabama, is listed and illus- 1 94 1 . Geology of the Appalachian Valley in Vir- trated (pp. 99, 102; pi. 19, figs. 17-1 8). Ordovician ginia. Part 2. Fossil plates and explanations. Nidulites cf. favus from the Little Oak Limestone Bulletin ofthe Virginia Geological Survey, 52, in Shelby County, Alabama, is figured (p. 102; pi. 271 pp., pis. 64-135. 1 9, figs. 1 3-14). Nidulites also occurs in the Lenoir

Limestone (p. 1 1 4). Nidulites [not cyclocrinitid] ovoides n. sp. from the Lenoir Limestone near Blacksburg, Virginia, 1933. Geologic map of the Appalachian Valley is illustrated, described, and compared to N pyri- of Virginia with explanatory text. Bulletin of formis Bassler (pi. 76, figs. 8-10). Nidulites pyri- the Virginia Geological Survey, 42, 56 pp., 1 formis from the Chambersburg Limestone (pi. 95,

table, 1 map. figs. 35-38) and Receptaculites sp. and two sponges [receptaculitids] from the Ottosee Limestone of Receptaculites is reported from the Ordovician Virginia are figured (pi. 84, figs. 1-2, 6-8). Nidulites Ottosee Limestone and Receptaculites and Nidu- pyriformis also occurs in the Ottosee Limestone lites sp. from the Ordovician Chambersburg (pp. 52-53,80-81, 108, 110). Limestone of the Black River Group in Virginia (PP. 17,20). Byers, F. M., Jr., Harley Barnes, F. G. Poole, and Reuben James Ross, Jr. 1939. The Appalachian Plateau and Mississippi

Valley; pp. 312-462, tables, 1 map. In Rue- 1 96 1 . Revised subdivision of Ordovician sys- demann, Rudolf, and Robert Balk (eds.), Geo- tem at the Nevada Test Site and vicinity, Ne-

logie der Erde. Volume 1 . Geology of North vada. Short papers in the geologic and hydro-

26 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY logic sciences. Articles 147-292. United States the class Squamuliferi Suschkin and the families Geological Survey Professional Paper 424-C, comprised by these orders are described. art. 189, pp. 106-110. See also: Receptaculites sp. is listed from the Lower Or- Semeniuk, V., and J. G. Byrnes, 1971. dovician Aysees Member of the Antelope Valley Limestone at the Nevada Test Site (p. 108). Cailleux, Andre

Byrd, William J. See: Chavan, A., and A. Cailleux, 1957. 1 970. Geology ofthe Ely Springs Range, Lincoln Nevada. As- County, Wyoming Geological Caldwell, W. G. E. sociation, Earth Science Bulletin, Casper, Wy- See: oming, June 1970, pp. 23-32, 5 text-figs. Lee, D. G., and W. G. E. Caldwell, 1977. Receptaculites sp. is abundant in the Lower Or- dovician Yellow Hill Limestone, Lehman For- Caley, John Fletcher mation, and Ely Springs Dolomite in the Ely 1936. The Ordovician of Manitoulin Springs Range, Nevada (pp. 29-30). Island, Ontario. Contributions to the study of the Or- dovician of Ontario and Quebec. Geological Byrnes, John G. Survey of Canada, Memoir 202, pp. 21-92, 1968. Notes on the nature and environmental 6 pis., 3 text-figs. significance ofthe Receptaculitaceae. Lethaia, Receptaculites is listed from the uppermost beds vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 368-381, 5 text-figs. of the Ordovician Blake River Formation on

The Receptaculitaceae, a family of uncertain Cloche Island, Ontario (p. 26). taxonomic position probably related to the dasy- cladaceous algae, inhabited warm, shallow seas 1940. Palaeozoic geology of the Toronto-Ham- primarily within 1 5 degrees of the paleoequator. ilton area, Ontario. Geological Survey ofCan- Ischadites (Neoischadites) n. subgen., and /. (N.) ada, Memoir 224, 284 pp., 2 maps, numerous struszi n. sp., from the Lower Devonian Garra tables. Formation of central western New South Wales, A sponge, Receptaculites canadensis Billings, Australia, are described and illustrated. The mor- occurs in the Cabot Head Member of the Lower phology, orientation, and ontogeny of receptacu- Silurian Medina Formation in southern Ontario litids are described. (p. 35).

1979. Receptaculitoids; pp. 684-690, 7 text-figs. Calvin, Samuel In Fairbridge, Rhodes W., and David Ja- blonski (eds.), The Encyclopedia of Paleon- 1893a. On the structure and probable affinities tology. Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences. Vol- of Cerionites dactylioides [sic] Owen. Amer- ume VII. Dowden, Hutchinson, and Ross, ican Geologist, vol. 12, pp. 53-57, 1 text-fig. Inc., Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania, 886 pp., nu- The structure and affinities of the protozoan merous text-figs. Cerionites dactylioides [sic] Owen from the Nia- Ordovician through Devonian receptaculitoids garan of Iowa are discussed and figured. Cerio- are poorly known fossils. The photosynthetic na- nites, Pasceolus, and Lunulites (?) dactioloides are ture of these organisms is presently favored (pp. mentioned. 684-685). Their structure, systematics, and geo- graphic and stratigraphic distribution are dis- See also: cussed. Ischadites, I. iowensis, Receptaculites, Calvin, S., 1893b. Sphaerospongia, Hexabactron, Amphispongia, and Tettragonis are described. Some of RaufTs (1892) 1893b. On the structure and probable affinities

figures of Ischadites murchisoni, I. koenigi, and of Cerionites dactylioides [sic] Owen. Pro- Receptaculites neptuni are reproduced. The orders ceedings of the Iowa Academy of Sciences,

Dasycladales and Receptaculitales are placed in vol. 1, part 3, pp. 13-15, 1 text-fig.

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 27 This is identical to Calvin, S., 1893a. sibly aberrant sponges (p. 163). Ordovician Re- ceptaculites sp. [R. camacho Nitecki & Forney] 1896. Geology of Jones County. Iowa Geolog- from Argentina and R. occidentalis Salter from ical Survey. Volume 5. Annual Report, 1895, Canada are figured (figs. VIII, 2, n-p, on p. 1 56). with Accompanying Papers. Iowa Geological Receptaculites bolivianus Branisa is known from Survey, pp. 33-1 12, 2 pis., 8 text-figs., 1 map. the Devonian of Bolivia.

Cerionites Owen is listed from dactylioides [sic] Cameron, Barry the Niagara series at various localities in Jones See: 7 1 County, Iowa (pp. , 74, 79). Awramik, S. M., and B. Cameron, 1968 and 1969. 1898. Geology of Delaware County. Iowa Geo- logical Survey. Volume 8. Annual Report, Campbell, Gregg T. 1897, with Accompanying Papers. Iowa Geo- See: logical Survey, pp. 1 19-192, pis. 7-13, 1 map. Johnson, M. E., and G. T. Campbell, 1980. Cerionites dactylioides [sic] is an index fossil for part of the Silurian Niagara Limestone in Dela- Campbell, Kenton S. W., D. J. Holloway, and W. ware County, Iowa (pp. 149-150). D. Smith

1 974. A new receptaculitid genus, Hexabactron, 1906. Geology of Winneshiek County. Iowa and the relationships of the Receptaculita- Geological Survey. Volume 16. Annual Re- ceae. Palaeontographica, Abt. A, Band 146, port, 1905, with Accompanying Papers. Iowa Lfg. 1-3, pp. 52-77, pis. 12-17, text-figs. 1- Geological Survey, pp. 37-146, text-figs. 1- 12. 18, 2 maps. Hexabactron n. gen. and H. borenorense n. sp. oweni Hall is associated with a Receptaculites from the Middle Silurian of New South Wales are gastropod faunal zone and also forms two persis- described and illustrated. The mode of preserva- tent Receptaculites faunal zones in the Galena tion makes it clear that the apertural pole was the Limestone at several localities in Winneshiek lower one, which during life was buried in the County, Iowa (pp. 90-91, 93-94, 141-142). Is- sediment. Interpretations of the orientation and chadites iowensis Owen occurs between the two mode of growth of some previously described re- Receptaculites zones (p. 94). ceptaculitids are reassessed, and the lower pole can be consistently interpreted as generative. Recep- Calvin, and H. Foster Bain Samuel, taculitids are not related to the Porifera, but no conclusive evidence a relationship with the 1 900. Geology of Dubuque County. Iowa Geo- against has so far been Rietschel's view logical Survey. Volume 10. Annual Report, algae produced. that are a order of is 1899, with Accompanying Papers. Iowa Geo- they separate Thallophytes

logical Survey, pp. 379-622, pis. 4-1 1, text- supported.

figs. 45-102, 4 maps. Carlson, John E. The problematic fossil Receptaculites oweni Hall, 1961. Geology of the Montfort and Linden found throughout the Ordovician Galena Lime- Quadrangles, Wisconsin. Bulletin of the stone in Dubuque County, Iowa, is particularly United States Geological Survey 1 123-B, pp. abundant in the Receptaculites zone (pp. 409-4 10, 95-138, pis. 8-9, text-figs. 19-21. 424-425, 427, 429, 433). Cerionites dactylioides R. oweni Hall of [sic] is a typical fossil ofthe Silurian Niagara Lime- Receptaculites, Ischadites, and in the stone in Dubuque County (pp. 454-456). the lower Receptaculites zone are found Prosser Member of the Ordovician Galena Do- Camacho, Horacio H. lomite in the lead-zinc district of Wisconsin (pp. 114-115, pi. 9). 1966. Invertebrados Fosiles. Eudeba Editorial Universitaria de Buenos Aires, Argentina, 707 Carozzi, Albert V. pp., 121 pis., 8 tables. See: Receptaculitidae Eichwald is a family of pos- Strieker, G. D., and A. V. Carozzi, 1973.

28 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Carrier, John B. Wisconsin], pp. 365-571, pis. 8-1 1, 63 text-

figs., maps. See: Miller, A. K., and J. B. Carrier, 1942. Receptaculites oweni is listed from the [Ordo- vician] Galena Limestone of southwestern Wis- Carss, B. W. consin (p. 410).

See: 1883. General geology. Geology of Wisconsin. Langenheim, R. L., Jr., B. W. Carss, J. B. Survey of 1873-1879. Volume 1. Published Kennerly, V. A. McCutcheon, and R. H. by the Commissioners of Public Waines, 1962. Printing [Madison, Wisconsin], pp. 3-300, 10 pis., 102 text-figs. Cebull, S. E. Receptaculites oweni Hall, which is character- 1970. Bedrock geology and orogenic succession istic of the Lower Silurian [Ordovician] Galena in southern Grant Range, Nye County, Ne- Limestone, is discussed and figured (pp. 166-167, vada. Bulletin of the American Association 169; fig. 38). Its taxonomic position is unknown, of Petroleum Geologists, vol. 54, no. 10, pp. but it may be a gigantic foraminifer. Two small 1828-1842, 8 text-figs. species of Receptaculites occur in the Silurian Ra- Receptaculites is abundant in beds of the Or- cine beds (p. 189). dovician upper Pogonip Group south of Scofield Canyon in the Grant Range, Nye County, Nevada Chamberlin, Thomas Chrowder, and Rollin D. (p. 1839). Salisbury

1 1 905 [ 907]. Geology. Volume 2. Earth History, Chamberlin, Thomas Chrowder 2nd ed. Henry Holt and Company, New York, 1878. Geology of eastern Wisconsin. Geology 692 pp., 306 text-figs. of Wisconsin. Survey of 1873-1877. Volume The Ordovician sponges Receptaculites occiden- 2. Accompanied by an Atlas of Maps, 2nd ed. talis Salter and Ischadites sp., sometimes regarded (revised). Published by the Commissioners of as foraminifers, are illustrated (text-fig. 168). In Public Printing, Madison, Wisconsin, pp. 91- the Silurian, the Receptaculites family, ofdoubtful 405, pis. 2-1 3A, 48 text-figs. zoological affinities, was chiefly represented by Is- Receptaculites oweni, R. globosus, R. iowensis, chadites (p. 408). and R. globularis from the Lower Silurian [Or- dovician] Galena Limestone and R. hemisphericus 1909. A College Text-book of Geology. Henry and R. infundibuliformis from the Racine beds of Holt and Co., New York, 978 pp., 608 text- the Silurian Niagara Group are found in various figs. eastern Wisconsin localities (pp. 307-314, 320, The Ordovician sponges Receptaculites occiden- 372). talis Salter and Ischadites sp., sometimes regarded as foraminifers, are illustrated (text-fig. 395). Re- 1 880. Catalogue A. List of the names and spec- ceptaculites oweni is figured as a Silurian [Ordo- imen numbers of fossils distributed during the vician] sponge (text-fig. 405). The problematical present year. Annual report of the Wisconsin Receptaculites family had passed its climax by the Geological Survey for the year 1879. D. At- Silurian period (p. 553). wood, printer, Madison, Wisconsin, pp. 9-24.

The following [receptaculitids] are listed: Re- Chapman, Frederick ceptaculites globularis Hall, R. iowensis Owen, R. 1905. New or little-known Victorian fossils in oweni Hall, R. occidentalis Hall, R. hemisphericus the National Museum, Melbourne. Part 5. On Hall, and R. infundibuliformis (pp. 11, 16-17). the genus Receptaculites. With a note on R. australis from Queensland. Proceedings of the 1 882. The ore deposits of southwestern Wis- Royal Society of Victoria, n. ser., vol. 18, consin. Geology of Wisconsin. Survey of part 1, pp. 5-15, pis. 2-4. 1873-1879. Volume 4. Published by the Commissioners of Public Printing [Madison, Silurian Receptaculites fergusoni n. sp. from

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 29 Victoria; Middle Devonian R. australis from New Memoires du Comite geologique, Sanktpe-

South Wales and Victoria and Carboniferous [?] terburg & Paris. Vol. 4, no. 3, et dernier, pp. R. australis from Queensland are described and 1-139 [Russian], and 140-221 [German], 14 figured. Receptaculites, R. neptuni, and Sphaero- pis., 6 text-figs. spongia are mentioned. Lower Devonian hydrozoan Receptaculites sp. from Gosudarnyi Lai, near highway from Kushwa 1929. Illustrated Guide to the Collection of to lye factory, is described and compared with R. Fossils Exhibited in the National Museum of infundibuliformis Eaton (pp. 1 02- 1 03). Lower De- Victoria. H. J. Green, Melbourne, 55 pp., 2 vonian hydrozoan Pasceolus Billings is described pis., 48 text-figs. (pp. 103-104) and compared with Cyclocrinus, C.

The Carboniferous [?] Receptaculites, Ordovi- spasskii, C. exilis, Receptaculites, P. claudii, P. cian Receptaculites sp., and the Silurian Ischadites darwini, P. globosus, P. gregarius, P. halli, P. in- are sponges in the National Museum of Victoria termedius, and Sphaerospongia. Pasceolus exilis (P. 22). Eichwald (= Cyclocrinus exilis Eichwald 1860), from limestone of River Talty, below mouth of Chappars, Michael Stephen Bobrovka River near Bogoslovsk, is described and figured (pp. 104-105, pi. 12, figs. 17-21), and com- 1936. Catalog of the type specimens of fossils pared with Receptaculites and P. halli. in the University of Cincinnati Museum. Ohio [In German the name of the author is Thomas Journal of Science, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 1-45. Tschernyschew.] Cotypes of Ordovician Pasceolus claudei Miller and P. darwini Miller are housed in the University Chesters, K. I. M. of Cincinnati Museum (p. 32). See:

Banks, H. P., K. I. M. Chesters, N. F. Hughes, Jean-Marie Charlet, G. A. L. Johnson, H. M. Johnson, and L. See: R. Moore, 1967. Waterlot, G., A. Beugnies, A. Bonte, J.-M. Charlet, and P. Corsin, 1973. China, W. E.

See: Brian D. E. Chatterton, Melville, R. V., and W. E. China, 1970.

1 975. A commensal relationship between a small Robert L. filter feeding organism and Australian De- Christie, vonian spiriferid brachiopods. Paleobiology, 1964. Geological reconnaissance of northeast- vol. no. 2 1, 4, pp. 371-378, text-figs. ern Ellesmere Island, District of Franklin. of Canada, Memoir 331, The Receptaculites Limestone Member of the Geological Survey 79 18 1 1 Taemas Formation in New South Wales is men- pp., pis., text-fig., map. tioned (pp. 371-373). Late Ordovician Receptaculites cf arcticus is

listed from northeastern Ellesmere Island (p. 20). Chavan, Andre, and Andre Cailleux 1967a. Bache Peninsula, Ellesmere Island, Arc- 1957. Determination Pratique des Fossiles. tic Archipelago. Geological Survey ofCanada, Masson et Cie, Paris, 387 pp., 586 text-figs. Memoir 347, 63 pp., 18 pis., 4 text-figs., 2

Receptaculites, which resembles a sponge, is de- tables, 1 map. scribed as a Silurian to Devonian "Cyathozoaire" The upper Cornwallis Formation of the Cana- (p. 173). dian Arctic Archipelago contains Receptaculites as part of the Arctic Ordovician fauna (p. 49). Re- Chernuishev, Theodosiy Nikolaevich ceptaculites occurs throughout the Cornwallis For- 1893. Fauna nizhnyago devona vostachnego mation at Copes Bay, Ellesmere Island, Canada, sklona Urala. Trudy geologicheskago komi- and R. arcticus is found in the Ordovician Troeds-

teta, torn iv, no. 3 i posljadni. Die fauna des son Cliffs Formation in Washington Land and In-

unteren Devon am Ostabhange des Ural. glefield Land, Greenland (fig. 4).

30 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY 1 967b. Stratigraphic sections of Paleozoic rocks posium on Lower and Middle Paleozoic Rocks on Prince ofWales and Somerset Islands, Dis- ofColorado. Twelfth Field Conference. South trict of Franklin, Northwest Territories. Geo- Central Colorado. Rocky Mountain Associ- logical Survey ofCanada, Paper 67-24, 2 1 pp., ation of Geologists, Denver, Colorado, 236 text-figs. 1-2F. PP.

Upper Ordovician (Edenian) Receptaculites sp. Ischadites cf. iowensis (Owen) and Receptacu- is found on Somerset Island in the Northwest Ter- lites cf. oweni Hall are listed as Ordovician Po- ritories (pp. 7, 12). rifera from the Ferris outlier in Albany County, Wyoming (p. 145). 1973. Three New Lower Paleozoic formations of the Boothia Peninsula region, Canadian 1 963. Two Early Paleozoic outliers in the south- Arctic Archipelago. Geological Survey of ern Laramie Range, Wyoming; pp. 23-26, 5 31 3 1 text- Canada, Paper 73-10, pp., pis., text-figs. In Bolyard, Dudley W., and Philip 2 tables. fig., J. Katich (eds.), Guidebook to the Geology of the Northern Denver Basin and Adjacent Receptaculites sp. is found in the Franklin Strait Uplifts. Fourteenth Field Conference. Colo- Formation (Middle and Upper Ordovician, in part) rado, Wyoming, Nebraska, and South Da- of the Boothia Peninsula region (p. 26). Receptac- kota. Rocky Mountain Association of Geol- ulites belongs to the Arctic Ordovician fauna of ogists, Denver, Colorado, 295 pp. the Thumb Mountain, Irene Bay, and Allen Bay Formations of Cornwallis and Ellesmere Islands Receptaculites sp. is listed from the Upper Or- (P. 27). dovician Ferris outlier in southeastern Wyoming (P. 25). 1977. Stratigraphic reconnaissance of Lower Paleozoic rocks, eastern Devon Island, Arctic Chronic, John, Malcolm E. McCallum, Clinton S. of activities. Part B. Archipelago. Report Ferris, Jr., and David H. Eggler 1 Geological Survey of Canada, Paper 77- , pp. 1969. Lower Paleozoic rocks in 217-225, 3 text-figs., 2 tables. diatremes, southern Wyoming and northern Colorado. arcticus is found in the Middle Receptaculites Bulletin of the Geological Society ofAmerica, Ordovician Croker Formation Bay (tentatively vol. 80, pp. 149-156, 3 text-figs. correlated with the Cornwallis Group) west of cf. oweni Hall and Calathrium Dundas Harbour on Devon Island (p. 225). Receptaculites [sic] (?) sp. are listed as Porifera from Late Or- See also: dovician diatremes on the Colorado-Wyoming border Blackadar, R. G., and R. L. Christie, 1963. (p. 153).

Chronic, John Church, Stephen B.

1974a. reefs in 1 96 1 . Early and Middle Paleozoic index fossils Lower Ordovician patch western of Colorado; pp. 91-100, 3 pis. In Berg, Rob- Utah. Brigham Young University Geological vol. ert R., and John W. Rold (eds.), Symposium Studies, 21, part 3, pp. 41-62, 3 pis., 8 on Lower and Middle Paleozoic Rocks ofCol- text-figs. orado. Twelfth Field Conference. South Cen- Calathium, a possible frame-building receptac- tral Colorado. Rocky Mountain Association ulitid alga, is figured from the Lower Ordovician of Geologists, Denver, Colorado, 236 pp. reefs in the Fillmore Formation of western Utah. A spongelike Receptaculites oweni Hall from the The classification, life orientation, form, and Late Ordovician Fremont Formation is illustrated structure of Calathium are discussed.

(pp. 92, 96; pi. 1, figs. 20-21). 1974b. Sponge-algal patch reefs in the Lower Chronic, John, and Clinton S. Ferris, Jr. Ordovician Pogonip Group, western Utah. Abstracts with Programs, Geological Society 1961. Early Paleozoic outlier in southeastern of America, vol. 6, no. 3, p. 155. Wyoming; pp. 143-146, 4 text-figs. In Berg, Robert R., and John W. Rold (eds.), Sym- Calathium, a possible receptaculitid alga, forms

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 31 patch reefs in the Lower Ordovician Fillmore Receptaculites oweni Hall is found in Rich-

Limestone in the House Range of western Utah mondian (?) Ordovician limestone near Waswan- (p. 155). ipi Lake, Quebec (p. 1 1 9).

Boris Ivanovich Chuvashov, Clarke, John Mason

1967. Vodorosli Devona, Karbona i nishnei 1885a. A brief outline of the geological succes- Permi i Urala, ih srednego jushnogo ekologia sion in Ontario Co., N.Y., to accompany a i stratigraficheskoje znachenie; pp. 125-130, map. New York State Geologist, [4th] Rept., 2 In Vozzhenikova, T. F., Z. I. Gle- text-figs. 1884, pp. 9-22. zer, A. P. Zhuze (chief ed.), V. N. Saks, V. S. is listed from the Zhezhukova-Poretzkaya (eds.), Iskopaemie Receptaculites sp. youngest Vodorosli SSSR. Akademija Nauk SSSR. Si- Devonian strata of the Chemung Group at the summit of Point in Ontario New birskoe Otdelenie. Institut Geologii i Geofi- High County, York ziki, Nauka, Moskva, 147 pp. (p. 22).

Ischadites from a Lower Devonian association See also: of reef-forming algae in the Ural region of the Clarke, J. M., 1885b. USSR is mentioned (p. 126).

1885b. On the Devonian faunas of On- See also: higher tario County, New York. Bulletin ofthe United Chuvashov, B. I., 1969. States Geological Survey, 16, pp. 39-120, 3 1969. Algae from the Devonian, Carboniferous pis. and Lower Permian of the middle and south- Receptaculites sp. occurs in the Devonian Che- ern Urals, their ecology and stratigraphic val- mung Beds at High Point, Naples, New York (p. ue; pp. 206-214. In Sarjeant, William A. S. 106). (ed.), Fossil Algae of the USSR. Translated G. K. Beedle. National by Lending Library See also: for Science and Technology, Boston Spa, En- Clarke, J. M. 1885a. gland, 243 pp.

This is an English translation of Chuvashov, B. 1892a. Catalogue of the collection of geological

I., 1967. and palaeontological specimens donated by the Albany Institute to the State Museum. Clark, David L. New York State Geologist Eleventh Annual See: Report, pp. 31-53.

Hintze, L. F., L. F. Braithwaite, D. L. Clark, Coscinopora macropora [Receptaculites sp.] is R. L. and R. H. 1969. Ethington, Flower, listed from the second graywacke on Becroft Mt., near Hudson (p. 34). Clark, Thomas Henry

1959. Presidential address— stratigraphy of the 1892b. Catalogue of the collection of geological Trenton Group, St. Lawrence Lowland, Que- and palaeontological specimens donated by bec. Proceedings of the Geological Associa- the Albany Institute to the State Museum. tion of Canada, Toronto, Canada, vol. 1 1, pp. New York State Museum 45th Annual Report 13-21, 1 text-fig. of the Regents for the Year 1891, pp. 347- 371. Trenton [Ordovician] Receptaculites is found in the St. Casimir Formation the St. along Lawrence This is identical to Clarke, J. M., 1892a. River in Quebec (pp. 16-17).

1 903. Index to descriptions of genera and species Clark, Thomas Henry, and Donald Alan Wright of fossils; pp. 527-653. In Ellis, Mary, Index Blake to publications of the New York State Natural 1952. Ordovician fossils from Waswanipi Lake, History Survey and New York State Museum Quebec. Canadian Field Naturalist, vol. 66, (1837-1902). Bulletin of the New York State no. 5, pp. 119-121, 1 text-fig. Museum, 66, Misc. Ser. 2, 653 pp.

32 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Ischadites bursiformis, 1. squamifer, Receptac- 1904. Catalogue of type specimens of Paleozoic ulites bursiformis, R. infundibuliformis, R. mon- fossils in New York State Museum. New York ticu/atus, R. neptunii?, R. oweni, and R. subtur- State Museum, 56th Ann. Rep., 1902, vol. 2, binatus have appeared in publications of the New 847 pp. York State Natural History Survey and New York This is identical to Clarke, J. M., and R. Rue- State Museum (pp. 581, 627). demann, 1903.

1908. Early Devonic history of New York and Clarke, William Branwhite eastern North America. New York State Mu- in seum Memoir, 9, 366 pp., 48 pis., numerous 1860. Researches the Southern Gold Fields text-figs. of New South Wales. Reading and Wellbank, Sydney, 305 pp., 1 text-fig., 1 map. The sponge Receptaculites jonesi Billings is re- ported from Cape Gaspe in the upper part of the Receptaculites clarkii (Salter) from the Silurian Lower Helderberg Group and the Forillon of the of the southern districts of New South Wales is listed as an echinoderm Grande Greve beds (pp. 46, 225, 249). Billings' (p. 286). (1865) description is given. 1 867a. Remarks on the sedimentary formations of New South Wales, illustrated references 1920. Seventeenth report of the director of the by to other of Australasia. State Museum and Science Department. Bul- provinces Catalogue of the Natural and Industrial Products of New letin of the New York State Museum, nos. South Wales, for the Paris Universal Exhi- 239-240, 63 pp., 12 pis, 1 map. bition of 1 867, Addenda— Appendix, Sydney, Receptaculites [Ischadites planoconvexus Ni- 19 pp. tecki 1972] from the Clinton at Verona Station, Upper Silurian Receptaculites is found in the Oneida County, New York, is illustrated (facing Southern Gold Fields of New South Wales. P. 24).

See also: See also: Clarke, W. B., 1867b, 1868, 1870, 1875a, and Hall, J., and J. M. Clarke, 1898a, 1898b, 1875b. 1898c, and 1899.

1 867b. Remarks on the sedimentary formations Clarke, John Mason, and D. Dana Luther of New South Wales, illustrated by references to other of Australasia. Official 1904. Stratigraphic and paleontologic map of provinces ofthe Intercolonial Exhibition of Canandaigua and Naples Quadrangles. Bul- Record Aus- letin of the New York State Museum, 63, Pa- tralasia, Melbourne, 19 pp.

leontology 7, 76 pp., 1 map. This is identical to Clarke, W. B., 1867a.

Receptaculites sp. is listed from the Devonian See also: High Point Sandstone of the Naples Quadrangle, Clarke, W. B., 1868, 1870, 1875a, and 1875b. Ontario County, New York (p. 64).

1868. Remarks on the sedimentary formations Clarke, John Mason, and Rudolph Ruedemann of New South Wales, illustrated by references 1903. Catalogue of type specimens of Paleozoic to other provinces of Australasia. American fossils in New York State Museum. Bulletin Journal of Science, 2nd ser., vol. 45, no. 135, of the New York State Museum, 65, Paleon- pp. 334-353. tology 8, 847 pp. This is identical to Clarke, W. B., 1867a. The types of the protozoan ? Receptaculitidae: Devonian Ischadites bursiformis Hall 1883 and /. See also: squamifer (Hall 1859) from New York State, and Clarke, W.B., 1867b, 1870, 1875a, and 1875b. Silurian Receptaculites sacculus Hall 1879 from Indiana are housed in the New York State Mu- 1870. Remarks on the sedimentary formations seum in Albany (pp. 1 1-12). of New South Wales, illustrated by references

NITECK1 ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 33 to other provinces of Australasia, 2nd ed. The Cloud, Preston E., Jr., and Virgil E. Barnes Industrial Progress of New South Wales, 27 1948. The Ellenburger Group of central Texas. pp. [Prepared for the Intercolonial Exhibition University of Texas Publication 4621, 473 of 1870 at Sydney.] pp., 45 pis., 8 text-figs., 3 tables.

This is almost identical to Clarke, W. B., 1 867a. Calathium is found in central Texas in the Mon- ument Springs Dolomite and the El Paso and Hon- See also: eycut Formations of the Lower Ordovician Ellen- Clarke, W. B., 1867b, 1868, 1875a, and 1875b. burger Group (pp. 66, 72, 292, 295, 356, 365- 366). 1 875a. Remarks on the sedimentary formations of New South Wales, illustrated by references Cloud, Preston E., Jr., and Allison R. Palmer to other provinces of Australasia, 3rd ed. Mines and Mineral Statistics of New South 1959. Paleontologic data and age evaluation for Wales, and Notes on the Geological Collec- individual wells, pre-Simpson Paleozoic rocks; tion of the Department of Mines, Sydney, 27 pp. 73-85; text-fig. 9. In Barnes, V. E., P. E. pp. [Prepared for the New South Wales In- Cloud, Jr., L. P. Dixon, R. L. Folk, E. C. tercolonial Exhibition at Sydney in 1875 and Jones, A. R. Palmer, and E. J. Tynan, Stra- for the Philadelphia International Exhibition tigraphy of the Pre-Simpson Paleozoic Sub- of 1876.] surface Rocks of Texas and Southeast New Mexico. University of Texas Publication This is almost identical to Clarke, W. B., 1867a. 5924, vol. 1, 836 pp.

See also: Lithistid sponges resembling Archaeoscyphia or Calathium are in Texas in several Clarke, W. B., 1867b, 1868, 1870, and 1875b. present zones, probably high in the Lower Ordovician, in rocks similar to the Arbuckle Group. Receptaculites is 1 875b. Remarks on the sedimentary formations found in a Ordovician but of New South Wales, illustrated by references post-Lower pre-Car- boniferous core from Texas to the other provinces of Australasia, 3rd ed. (pp. 79, 83).

Sydney, 61 pp., 2 pis., 1 map. Clough, C. T. This is almost identical to Clarke, W. B., 1867a. See: B. and 1907. See also: Peach, N., others,

Clarke, W. B., 1867b, 1868, 1870, and 1875a. Cocks, Leonard R. M., and Peter Toghill

1878. Remarks on the sedimentary formations 1973. The biostratigraphy of the Silurian rocks of New South Wales, illustrated by references of the Girvan District, Scotland. Journal of to other provinces of Australasia, 4th ed. the Geological Society [of London], vol. 129, 165 5 5 Richards, Sydney, pp., pis., maps. part 3, pp. 209-243, 9 figs., 3 pis.

Receptaculites neptuni and R. clarkei [R. aus- Dasyclad alga Mastopora is listed from the base are tralisl] listed (pp. 16, 151). of the Silurian, and M. fava (Salter) from the Si- lurian Glenwells Shale and Newlands Farm For- Cline, Lewis M. mations in the Girvan District in Scotland (pp. 214-215,221). See:

Ostrom, M. E., R. A. Davis, Jr., and L. M. Coen-Aubert, Marie, Eric Groessens, and Robert Cline, 1970. Legrand

Cloud, Preston E., Jr. 1 980. Les formations paleozoiques des sondages de Tournai et de Leuze. Bulletin de la Societe See: Beige de Geologie, Paris, France, tome 69, Barnes, V. E., P. E. Cloud, Jr., L. P. Dixon, fasc. 4, pp. 241-275, 9 figs. R. L. Folk, E. C. Jones, A. R. Palmer, and E.J. Tynan, 1959. Receptaculites from the Upper Devonian, Fras-

34 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY nian, Bovesse Formation in Tournai, Belgium, is relles. Series A., L. Bourgeon, Brest, France, listed (pp. 248, 259-260, fig. 6). 444 pp., pis.

The hexactinellid sponges Receptaculites sp. and Cohenour, Robert E. R. neptuni are discussed, and R. seunesi n. sp. 1959. Sheeprock Mountains, Tooele and Juab from the Devonian of Finistere, France, is de- Counties— Precambrian and Paleozoic stra- scribed and illustrated (pp. 442-444, pi. 1). tigraphy, igneous rocks, structure, geomor- phology, and economic geology. Bulletin of Collins, Lorence G. Utah Mineral 201 Geological Survey, 63, pp., See: 25 pis., 6 text-figs., 3 tables. Brown, C. E., L. G. Collins, and P. Crosby, The Lower Ordovician Pogonip Group in the 1955. Sheeprock Mountains of northwestern Utah con- Charles W. tains Receptaculites sp. in the Juab Formation and Collinson, the Kanosh Shale and R. in the Juab ellipticus 1959. Guide for beginning fossil hunters. Illinois Formation 74-75, 156, 158, 183, (pp. 185). State Geological Survey Educational Series, 4, 39 pp., illus. Colbert, Edwin H. Sphaerospongia sp., Ischadites sp., and Recep- See: taculites sp. from Illinois are illustrated as sponges G. and E. H. 1965. Kay, M., Colbert, (pp. 10, 12, pi. 1).

Cole, Virgil B. See also: Koenig, J. W., J. A. Martin, and C. W. Col- See: linson, 1961. Branson, E. B., and V. B. Cole, 1941. Miller, A. K., W. Youngquist, and C. W. Col- linson, 1954. Collier, Arthur J.

1902. A reconnaissance of the northwestern Collinson, Charles W., D. H. Swann, and Harold portion of Seward Peninsula, Alaska. United Bowen Willman States Geological Survey Professional Paper 1 954. Guide to the Structure and Paleozoic Stra- 2, 70 pp., 12 pis. tigraphy along the Lincoln Fold in Western Illinois. Book for the Field Conference A lithistid sponge similar to Calathium is found Guide in the Lower Silurian [Ordovician] Port Clarence Held in Connection with the 39th Annual Convention of the American Association of Limestone in the western part of the Seward Pen- Petroleum at St. insula (p. 20). Geologists Louis, Missouri, April 16, 1954. Illinois State Geological Sur- vey, Urbana, Illinois, 75 pp., 17 text-figs., ta- 1908. Geography and geology; pp. 40-1 10, pi. bles. 1, text-figs. 2-5. In Collier, Arthur J., Frank L. S. and Alfred H. Hess, Philip Smith, Brooks, Receptaculites oweni, an index fossil for the Or- of of The gold placers parts Seward Peninsula, dovician Kimmswick Limestone, is common in Alaska. Bulletin of the United States Geolog- Pere Marquette State Park, Illinois (p. 39). ical Survey, 328, 343 pp. Colquhoun, Donald J. The Silurian [Ordovician?] Port Clarence Lime- stone north of Port contains a Clarence, Alaska, 1 958. Stratigraphy and paleontology of the Nip- lithistid sponge similar to Calathium (p. 75). issing-Deux Rivieres outliers. Proceedings of the Geological Association of Canada, vol. Collin, L. [Leon?] 10, pp. 83-93.

1912. Etude de la region devonienne occidentale The sponge Receptaculites occidentalis Salter du Finistere. Theses presentees a la faculte occurs in the Rocklandian Ordovician near Deux des sciences de l'Universite de Paris pour ob- Rivieres on the Ottawa River, the Ottawa For- tenir le grade de Docteur es-Sciences Natu- mation, the Rockland beds of the Ottawa Valley

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 35 and Paquette Rapids, Ontario, the Coboconk and and R. biconstrictus from Wardell Formation are Kirkfield Formations of the Lake Simcoe area, and found in several localities in the Burkes Garden the Cloche Island Formation on Manitoulin Is- Quadrangle, Virginia (pp. 43-45, 50, 52-53, 70- land, Ontario (pp. 90-91). 71, 84-85; pis. 5, 8).

Cone, George C. 1945 [1951]. Industrial limestones and dolo- mites in Virginia: Clinch Valley district. Bul- See: letin of the Virginia Geological Survey, 66, Hayes, P. T., and G. C. Cone, 1975. 259 pp., 24 pis., 18 text-figs., 5 tables.

Conrad, Timothy A. The following Ordovician fossils from the Clinch Valley district of western Virginia are listed: Re-

1 84 1 . on the Reports Palaeontological Depart- ceptaculites and Nidulites from the Ward Cove ment of the doc. no. 1 50, Survey; Assembly and Rockdell Limestones; N. pyriformis from the 25-57, In New York State Natural pp. pi. Rockdell Limestone; Receptaculites, R. biconstric- Communication from the History Survey, tus, and R. occidentalis from the Wardell For- Governor several rela- transmitting reports mation; and Receptaculites and Ischadites from tive to the Geological of the State, Survey the Benbolt Formation (pp. 47, 90, 137, 140, 146- 1836-1840. New York. Albany, 147, 156, 163, 166, 169-171, 180, 209, 213, 215- 231, 233, Dictuocrinites Conrad is figured (fig. 22 on pi.). 217, 239, 241, 247).

and G. Arthur See also: Cooper, Byron N., Cooper

Hall, J., 1862a. 1946. Lower Middle Ordovician stratigraphy of the Shenandoah Valley, Virginia. Bulletin of Cook, Donald G., and James D. Aitken the Geological Society of America, vol. 57,

pp. 35-1 14, 3 pis., 9 text-figs. 1971. Geology, Colville Lake Map-area and part of Coppermine Map-area, Northwest Terri- Nidulites sp., N. pyriformis, Receptaculites sp., tories. Geological Survey ofCanada Paper 70- and R. cf. occidentalis are present in various Mid- 12, 42 pp., 2 text-figs., 1 map. dle Ordovician formations at several localities in the Shenandoah Valley, Virginia. Nidulites ovoides The Middle Devonian Hume Formation of the is found in the Middle Ordovician Lincolnshire Northwest Territories, Canada, contains Sphae- Limestone and Nidulites sp., N. pyriformis, and rospongia tessellata (pp. 28-29). Receptaculites cf. occidentalis are found in the Edinburg Formation. Nidulites pyriformis is fig- Cooper, Byron N. ured (pi. 2, figs. 3-4) and its value as an index 1939. Geology of the Draper Mountain area, fossil is discussed. Virginia. Bulletin of the Virginia Geological and Chilton E. Survey, 55, 98 pp., 23 pis., 4 text-figs. Cooper, Byron N., Prouty 1943. of the Lower Middle Ordo- Receptaculites occidentalis Salter and Nidulites Stratigraphy vician of Tazewell Bulletin pyriformis Bassler are found in the Ordovician County, Virginia. of the of vol. (Black River) Chambersburg Limestone in the Geological Society America, 54, 5 3 3 tables. Draper Mountain area of Virginia (p. 33). A sim- pp. 819-886, pis., text-figs., ilar if not form of Nidulites occurs with conspecific Nidulites sp., N. pyriformis Bassler, Receptac- in the Ottosee Formation Receptaculites (p. 33). ulites sp., and R. biconstrictus Ulrich from various Lower Middle Ordovician formations in Tazewell 1944. and mineral resources of the Geology County, Virginia, are reported as sponges (pp. 828- Burkes Garden Quadrangle, Virginia. Bulletin 830, 838-839, 841, 850, 853, 856-858, 863, 866, ofthe 299 Virginia Geological Survey, 60, pp., 868, 873-874, 883-885). 21 pis., 11 text-figs., 5 tables. Cooper, G. Arthur The Middle Ordovician sponges Nidulites, N. pyriformis, and Receptaculites from the Ward Cove 1956. Chazyan and related brachiopods. Smith- Member of the Cliffield Formation, N. pyriformis sonian Miscellaneous Collections, Smithson- from the Athens Formation, and Receptaculites ian Institution, vol. 127, part 1, 1024 pp.

36 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Nidulites zones containing N. pyriformis are The dasycladacean algae Cyclocrinites and Is- present in the Edinburg Formation of west-central chadites are reported from the Ordovician-Silu- and northern Virginia (pp. 46, 59-60, 65, 71, 89). rian of Anticosti Island, Quebec (p. 274). Nidulites also occurs in the Rockdell Formation of Virginia and the Quebec City Formation near 1978. Paleoenvironments and paleocommuni- Quebec; N. pyriformis characterizes the Ward Cove ties in the Ordovician-Silurian sequence of Formation in Virginia (pp. 87, 95). Receptacuities Manitoulin Island. Michigan Basin Geologi- from the Pogonip Group of Nevada and the Or- cal Society, Special Paper no. 3, pp. 47-61, anda Formation of the Appalachian Valley, R. oc- 14 pis., 10 text-figs., 4 tables. cidentalis from the Jacksonburg Formation of Receptaculitids dominated the Receptaculites- northwestern New Jersey and Pennsylvania, and Gonioceras community of the upper member of R. oweni from the Kimmswick Limestone of Mis- the Ordovician Cloche Island Formation on Man- souri and Tennessee are listed (pp. 70, 103, 127). itoulin Island. Receptaculites sp. is figured (pp. 47, All are Ordovician. 49, 53; text-fig. 4; pi. 1, fig. 5).

1976. Early Middle Ordovician of the United Corbett, K. D„ and Maxwell R. Banks States; pp. 171-194, 5 text-figs. In Bassett, Michael G. The Ordovician (ed.), System. 1974. Ordovician stratigraphy of the Florentine ofa Association Proceedings Palaeontological Synclinorium, Southwest Tasmania. Papers 1974. Symposium, Birmingham, September and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tas- University of Wales Press and National Mu- mania, vol. 107, pp. 207-238, 5 figs., 4 pis. seum of Wales, Cardiff, 696 pp. Dasycladacean Ischadites, "Receptaculites"''' of Receptaculitids are uncommon and poorly earlier reports, is listed from the Ordovician Gor- known in the early Middle Ordovician of the don Sub-group in southwest Tasmania (pp. 222- United States (p. 181). 223).

See also: Cornwall, Henry R., and Frank J. Kleinhampl Cooper, B. N., and G. A. Cooper, 1946. 1961. Geology of the Bare Mountain Quadran- Cooper, G. Arthur, and James Stewart Williams gle, Nevada. United States Geological Survey, 1935. Tully Formation of New York. Bulletin Geological Quadrangle Map GQ-157, with of the Geological Society of America, vol. 46, text. pp. 781-868, pis. 54-60, 7 text-figs. The spongelike Receptaculites elongatus Wal- Receptaculites sp. from the Upper Devonian cott is found in the Early and Middle Ordovician Tully Formation of New York is listed (p. 855). Pogonip Group in the Bare Mountain Quadrangle of Nevada (text). Copeland, M. J.

See: Corsin, Paul Norford, B. S., T. E. Bolton, M. J. Copeland, See: L. M. Cumming, and G. W. Sinclair, 1970. Waterlot, G., A. Beugnies, A. Bonte, J.-M. and P. 1973. Copeland, M . J., and Thomas E. Bolton Charlet, Corsin,

1975. Geology of the central part of Anticosti Cote, William E. Island, Quebec. Geological Survey of Canada Paper 75-1, part A, pp. 519-523, 3 text-figs. See: Wilson, G. M., D. L. Reinertsen, and W. E. Cyclocrinites sp. from the Silurian Gun River Cote, 1965. Formation along the Shallop River of central An- ticosti Island, Quebec, is listed as an alga (p. 521). Cote, William I '... David L. Reinertsen, and Myrna Copper, Paul M. Killey

1976. The cyanophyte Wetheredella in Ordo- 1968. Thebes area. Alexander County. Jones- vician reefs and off-reef sediments. Lethaia, boro and Thebes Quadrangles. Guide Leaflet

vol. 9, pp. 273-281, 3 figs. 1968A & F. Illinois State Geological Survey,

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 37 Geological Science Field Trip, 32 pp., 1 7 text- State Geological Survey, Geological Science

figs., pis., maps. Field Trip, 23 pp., 7 text-figs., pis., maps.

Receptaculites is found in the Middle Ordovi- Ordovician Receptaculites [oweni] and Ischa- cian Kimmswick Limestone in the Thebes area of dites [iowensis] are figured (unnumbered pi.). Illinois (p. 30). See also:

1970. Freeport area. Stephenson County. Free- Cote, W. E., D. L. Reinertsen, and G. M. port, Lena, and Pecatonica Quadrangles. Wilson, 1968. Guide Leaflet 1970C. Illinois State Geological Survey, Geological Science Field Trip, 22 pp., 1968. Dixon area. Lee and Ogle Counties. Dix- 4 text-figs., pis., tables. on Quadrangle. Guide Leaflet 1968C. Illinois State Geological Survey, Geological Science The sponge Receptaculites is abundant in the Field Trip, 23 pp., 7 text-figs., pis., maps. upper Wise Lake Formation and in the middle and upper Dunleith Formation near Freeport, Il- This is identical to Cote, W. E., D. L. Reinertsen, linois (p. 10). Ordovician Ischadites [iowensis] and andG. M. Wilson, 1967b. Receptaculites [oweni] are figured.

Cote, William E., David L. Reinertsen, George M. 1971. Galena area. Daviess Jo County, Illinois, Wilson, and Myrna M. Killey and Lafayette County, Wisconsin. Guide Leaf- 1 969. Mt. Carroll area. Carroll Savanna let 1971C. Illinois State Geological Survey, County. and Mt. Carroll Quadrangles. Guide Leaflet Geological Science Field Trip, 20 pp., 1 1 text- 1 969D. Illinois State Geological Survey, Geo- figs., pis., maps. logical Science Field Trip, 26 pp., 14 text-figs., Ordovician Ischadites and [iowensis] Receptac- pis., maps. ulites [oweni] from Wisconsin and Illinois are fig- Receptaculites, an unknown animal, is abundant ured (unnumbered pi.). Receptaculites zones are in the Ordovician Galena Dolomite in the Mt. found in the Dunleith and Wise Lake Formations Carroll area of Illinois (p. 10). Ordovician Recep- in the Galena area (fig. 2). Receptaculites, of un- taculites and Ischadites are known taxonomic status, occurs in the Dunleith [oweni] [iowensis] fig- ured (unnumbered pi.). Formation in Wisconsin (p. 6) and in the Wise

Lake Formation in Illinois (p. 9). See also:

W. E., D. L. Reinertsen, G. M. Wilson, Cote, William E., David L. Reinertsen, and George Cote, M. Wilson andM. M. Killey, 1970.

1966. area. and Coun- Byron Ogle Winnebago 1970. Mt. Carroll area. Carroll County. Savan- ties. and Guide Oregon Kings Quadrangles. na and Mt. Carroll Quadrangles. Guide Leaf- Leaflet 1966C. Illinois State Sur- Geological let 1970D. Illinois State Geological Survey, vey, Geological Science Field Trip, 16 pp., 4 Geological Science Field Trip, 26 pp., 14 text- text-figs., pis., maps. figs., pis., maps.

Ordovician Ischadites [iowensis] and Receptac- This is identical to Cote, W. E., D. L. Reinertsen, ulites [oweni] are figured (unnumbered pi.). G. M. Wilson, and M. M. Killey, 1969.

1967a. Bourbonnais area. Kankakee and Will Courtright, T. R. Counties. Kankakee and Herscher Quadran- gles. Guide Leaflet 1967C. Illinois State Geo- See: logical Survey, Geological Science Field Trip, Pierce, R. W., R. W. Ely, R. D. Stieglitz, T. L. 17 pp., 2 text-figs., pis., maps. R. Courtright, and R. Langenheim, Jr., 1969. Ordovician Ischadites [iowensis] and Receptac- ulites [oweni] are figured (unnumbered pi.). Cowie, J. W.

1 967b. Dixon area. Lee and Ogle Counties. Dix- 1 96 1 . The Lower Paleozoic geology of Green- on Quadrangle. Guide Leaflet 1967D. Illinois land; pp. 160-169, 1 text-fig. In Raasch, Gil-

38 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY bert O. (ed.), Geology of the Arctic. Proceed- Crawford, Ralph Dixon ings of the First International Symposium on 1913. Geology and ore deposits of the Monarch Arctic Geology held in Calgary, Alberta, Jan- and Tomichi Districts, Colorado. Bulletin of uary 1 1-13, 1960, under the auspices of the the Colorado Geological Survey, vol. 4, 3 1 7 Alberta Society of Petroleum Geologists. pp., 25 pis., 15 text-figs. Volume 1 . University of Toronto Press, To- 732 ronto, Ontario, pp. Ordovician Receptaculites oweni Hall is found in the Tomichi Limestone and in the Fremont Receptaculites arcticus Etheridge is found in the Limestone of Colorado Middle Ordovician Heimbjerge Formation in East (pp. 60-61). Greenland (p. 163). Crawford, Ralph Dixon, and Philip George 1963. Cambrian-Ordovician geology of East Worcester Greenland. Experientia, monatsschrift fuer das 1916. Geology and ore deposits ofthe Gold Brick geosampte gebiet der naturwissenschaft, Ba- district, Colorado. Bulletin of the Colorado sel, Switzerland, vol. 19, pp. 281-284. Geological Survey, vol. 10, 116 pp., 9 pis., 4 Ordovician (Mohawkian) Receptaculites from text-figs. the Heimbjerge Formation of East Greenland is Receptaculites oweni occurs in the Upper Or- listed (p. 283). dovician upper Yule [now Fremont] Limestone of the Gold Brick district, Colorado 56). Cowie, J. W., and P. J. Adams (p.

1957. The of the geology Cambro-Ordovician Crickmay, Colin Hayter rocks of central east Greenland. Meddelelser 1954. correlation of Elk Point om Gronland, Bind 153, no. 1, 193 pp., 13 Paleontological and 3 2 text- pis., 78 text-figs. equivalents; pp. 143-158, pis., figs. In Clark, Leslie M. (ed.), Western Canada Receptaculites arcticus from the Etheridge Sedimentary Basin. A Symposium sponsored Heimbjerge Formation of Greenland is listed. Re- by the Alberta Society of Petroleum Geolo- ceptaculites arcticus Etheridge represents a num- gists and the Saskatchewan Society of Petro- ber of species; its presence has been used to cor- leum Geologists. American Association of relate and date rocks from Baffin Land and Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, Oklahoma, 521 Northwest Greenland. It indicate a Trenton may pp. age (pp. 40-42, 71-72). Sphaerospongia tessellata Phillips is found in Cox, Guy Henry the Middle Devonian Winnipegosan Formation (Member 3 of the Elk Point Formation) in Man- 1914. Lead and zinc deposits of northwestern itoba (pp. 1 50, 1 54). Illinois. Bulletin of the Illinois State Geolog- ical Survey, 21, 120 pp., 22 pis., 13 text-figs. 1 960. The Older Devonian Faunas ofthe North- Receptaculites oweni is abundant throughout the west Territories. Published by the author, [Ordovician] Galena Dolomite of the northwest- Calgary, Alberta, 20 pp., 1 1 pis. ern Illinois lead and zinc district (pp. 26, 104). Sphaerospongia tessellata (Phillips) occurs in the Atrypa arctica fauna of the Devonian Hare Indian Craig, James, Jack Devine, Peter McGill, and Northwest Territories Robert Memeley Shale, (p. 2).

1967. Chinchaga and Keg River Formations of Croneis, Carey Slave River area, northern Alberta. Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology, vol. 15, no. 1930. Geology of the Arkansas Paleozoic area 2, pp. 125-137, 1 pi., 8 text-figs. with especial reference to oil and gas possi- bilities. Bulletin of the Arkansas Geological The receptaculitid Sphaerospongia tessellata Survey, 3, 457 pp., 45 pis., 30 text-figs., 6 (Phillips) is diagnostic of the Middle Devonian tables. (Givetian) Keg River Formation of northern Al- berta (p. 1 34). Ordovician Receptaculites oweni is less com-

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 39 mon in the upper Kimmswick Formation in Ar- 18, 23, 25, 29, 35, 37, 45, 56). Cyclocrinites sp. kansas than it is farther north (p. 31). (= Pasceolus Billings 1 857, or Nidulites Salter 1851) and Cyclocrinites^) sp. occur in the Richmondian Croneis, Carey, and William C. Krumbein Churchill River Group along Gods River, west of Hudson Bay. Cyclocrinites is also found in the 1936. Down to Earth. An Introduction to Ge- Upper Ordovician (?) Jupiter Formation on An- ology. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, ticosti Island (pp. 43-44). Illinois, 501 pp., 64 pis., numerous text-figs.

The Middle Ordovician index fossil Receptac- See also: ulites, a sponge or coral, is found in the Trenton Norford, B. S., T. E. Bolton, M. J. Copeland, limestones of the north-central United States (pi. L. M. Cumming, and G. W. Sinclair, 1970. 42).

Currie, Ethel I )., and Wilfred Norman Edwards Crosby, Percy 1943. Dasycladaceous algae from the Girvan See: area. Quarterly Journal of the Geological So- Brown, C. E., L. G. Collins, and P. Crosby, ciety [London], vol. 98, parts 3-4, pp. 235- 1955. 240, pi. 11, 1 text-fig. Brown, C. E., J. W. Whitlow, and P. Crosby, Ordovician Mastopora parva (Nicholson and 1957. Etheridge) and Silurian M. fava (Salter) from the Girvan district in Great Britain, are described and Crumpton, Rusian P. illustrated as dasycladaceous algae. Mastopora See: Eichwald (= Nidulites Salter 1851) of sub-family Agnew, A. F., A. E. Flint, and R. P. Crump- Cyclocrineae is discussed and compared with Coe- ton, 1954. losphaeridium, Cyclocrinites (= Cyclocrinus Eich- wald and Pasceolus Billings), and Apidium. Three Cullison, James S. additional species of Mastopora are recognized: M. concava Eichwald 1860,M. odini Stolley 1898, 1944. The stratigraphy of some Lower Ordo- and M. pyriformis Bassler 1909. Cyclocrinites hos- vician formations of the Ozark Uplift. Mis- pitalis (Salter) and Apidium rotundum Hoeg are souri School of Mines Technical Series Bul- mentioned. letin, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 1-1 12, 35 pis.

(Calathium) Archaeoscyphia (Dake & Bridge Currie, K. L. 1932) from the Lower Ordovician Ellenburger 1972. Geology and petrology of the Manicoua- Limestone of Texas is reported (p. 23). gan resurgent caldera, Quebec. Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Canada, 198, 153 pp., Cumings, Edgar R., and Robert R. Shrock 54 text-figs., 19 tables.

1 928. The geology of the Silurian rocks of north- Receptaculites is part of a Middle Ordovician ern Indiana. Indiana Department of Conser- Wilderness assemblage in limestone outliers near vation, Division of Geology, Publication 75, the Manicouagan resurgent caldera ofQuebec. Re- 226 pp., 78 text-figs. ceptaculites chidlensis [nomen nudum] occurs in Receptaculites sp. from the Silurian Huntington parting planes in rocks overlying the limestone (p. Dolomite at Ridgeville, Indiana, is listed as a 32). sponge (pp. 97, 189). Cygan, Norbert E., and Frank L. Koucky ( 'illuming, L. M. 1963. The Cambrian and Ordovician rocks of 1975. Ordovician strata of the Hudson Bay the east flank of the Big Horn Mountains, Lowlands. Geological Survey of Canada, Pa- Wyoming. Wyoming Geological Association per 74-28, 93 pp., 10 pis., 15 text-figs. and Billings Geological Society, Northern Powder River Basin, Wyoming and Montana, Receptaculites sp. is found in the Upper Ordo- Guidebook, pp. 26-37, 3 figs., 1 pi. vician Portage Chute Formation of the Bad Cache Rapids Group, southwest of Hudson Bay (pp. 15, The Ordovician pleosponge Receptaculites and

40 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY R. cf. oweni are listed from the Lander Sandstone Dames, W. [Wilhelm Barnim ?| and from the Bighorn Dolomite on the east side 1868. Ueber die in der Umgebung Freiburgs in of the Big Horn Mountains in Wyoming (pp. 29, Nieder-Schlesien auftretenden devonischen 31-33). Ablagerungen. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft, Band 20, Heft 3, Dacque, Edgar pp. 469-508, pis. 10-11.

1 92 1 . Vergleichende Biologische Formenkunde Devonian Receptaculites neptuni Defrance from der Fossilen Niederen Tiere. Gebrueder Ober-Kunzendorf in Lower Silesia is described and Borntraeger, Berlin, 777 pp., 345 text-figs. illustrated (pp. 483-488, pi. 10, fig. 1). No simi- Receptaculitids, usually placed among sponges, larities exist between Receptaculites and the gem- are described. Figures of Sphaeronites tessellatus mulae of Spongilla. (from Phillips 1841) and Receptaculites neptuni Receptaculites, Tetragonis, and Ischadites form (from Rauff 1892) are reproduced (pp. 597-598; the family Receptaculitidae within the Forami- fig. 281). nifera. Receptaculites also occurs in shales of Car- boniferous age at Rothwaltersdorf Dake, Charles Laurence, and Josiah Bridge Dana, James Dwight 1932. Faunal correlation of the Ellenburger

Limestone of Texas. Bulletin of the Geolog- 1 846. Zoophytes. Narrative of the United States ical Society of America, vol. 43, pp. 725-748, Exploring Expedition during the Years 1838, pi. 12, 2 text-figs. 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842. Under the Com- mand of Charles Wilkes, U.S.N. Lea & Blan- Calathium sp., conspecific with an undescribed chard, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, vol. 7, 740 sponge from the Jefferson City Dolomite of Mis- pp. [with 61 pis. in an atlas— not seen]. souri, is found in the [Ordovician] Ellenburger

Limestone of the central mineral region of Texas Coscinopora Goldfuss [Fisherites ?], restricted (p. 738; pi. 1 2, fig. 1 5). Similar sponges are found by Blainville to species with characteristics similar in the Monument Spring Dolomite and the El Paso to C. infundibuliformis, is described in the Madre- Limestone of Texas (p. 741). pore tribe. Receptaculites Defrance (included by Blainville in R. neptunii) from Chimay is de- Dall, William Healey scribed. The classification of Receptaculites is un- certain because it differs from Recent corals. Some See: of Goldfuss's Coscinopora [Receptaculites neptu- Schuchert, C, W. H. Dall, T. W. Stanton, and nii] species are included with Receptaculites. Te- R. S. Bassler, 1905. tradium is similar to Receptaculites (pp. 693, 700- 701). Dalve, Elizabeth

1 948. The Fossil Fauna of the Ordovician in the 1863. Manual of Geology: Treating of the Prin- Cincinnati Region. University of Cincinnati, ciples of the Science with Special Reference 56 pp. to American Geological History, for the Use of Colleges, Academies, and Schools of Sci- The following Ordovician (Richmond) taxa are ence. Theodore Bliss & Co., Philadelphia, listed: Ischadites circularis (Emmons), of uncertain Pennsylvania, 798 pp., 984 text-figs., numer- taxonomic position, from the Fairmount, Corry- ous tables, 1 map. ville, and Mt. Auburn Formations ofthe Maysville Group (pp. 23, 31, 34); Pasceolus claudei Miller Receptaculites neptuni Defrance occurs in the and P. darwini Miller from the Bellevue Forma- Lower Silurian [Ordovician] Trenton or Hudson tion of the Maysville Group (p. 26); P. camden- in the United States, Canada (Lake Winnipeg), and ensis Foerste from the Sunset and Oregonia Mem- Europe. Receptaculites neptuni is found in the Up- bers of the Arnheim Formation (p. 37), the Liberty per Silurian of the American Arctic and in Great Formation (p. 46), the Lower Whitewater, Saluda, Britain, Belgium, Eifel, and the United States. The and Upper Whitewater Members of the White- "Receptaculite" limestone of the Lower Silurian water Formation (p. 52), and the Elkhorn For- [Ordovician] Trenton beds in Missouri is men- mation (p. 55). tioned (pp. 224, 262, 383).

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 41 See also: 1880. Manual of Geology: Treating of the Prin-

Dana, J. D., 1 864[?], 1871,1 875[?], 1 880, and ciples of the Science with Special Reference 1895. to American Geological History, 3rd ed. American Book Co., New York, New York,

911 12 1162 1 1864 [?]. Manual of Geology: Treating of the pp., pis., text-figs., map. Principles of the Science with Special Refer- The following sponges are listed: Lower Silurian ence to American Geological History, for the [Ordovician] Calathium (?) pannosum Billings and Use of Colleges, Academies, and Schools of C. anstedi (?) Billings from Point Levis and New- Science, revised ed. Ivison, Blakeman, Taylor foundland; Receptaculites spp. from east Tennes- and Co., New York, New York, and Chicago, see; R. globularis and R. oweni from the [Ordo- Illinois, 800 pp. vician] Galena Limestone of Wisconsin and This is almost identical to Dana, J. D., 1863. Illinois; and Upper Silurian R. neptuni from the United States, Lake Winnipeg, the American Arc- See also: tic, Great Britain, Eifel, and Belgium (pp. 1 90, 202, R. from the Dana, J. D., 1871, 1875[?], 1880, and 1895. 209, 249). [Ordovician] calciferus Mingan Islands of Quebec is a possible rhizopod The lime- 1871. Manual of Geology: Treating of the Prin- (p. 189). [Ordovician] "Receptaculite stone" from Missouri is mentioned (pp. 196, 378). ciples of the Science with Special Reference to American Geological History, for the Use of Colleges, Academies, and Schools of Sci- See also: ence, revised ed. Ivison, Blakeman, Taylor Dana, J. D., 1 863, 1 864[?], 1871,1 875[?], and and Co., New York, New York, and Chicago, 1895. Illinois, 800 pp. 1895. Manual of Geology: Treating of the Prin- This is almost identical to Dana, J. D., 1863. ciples of the Science with Special Reference to American Geological History, 4th ed. See also: American Book Co., New York, New York, Dana, J. D., 1863, 1864[?], 1875[?], 1880, and 1088 pp., 1575 text-figs., 2 maps. 1895. Receptaculites elegantulus is described and il- and R. and 1875 [?]. Manual of Geology: Treating of the lustrated, calciferus Sphaewspongia Principles of the Science with Special Refer- tesselata are illustrated (pp. 497, 500, 597; text- distribution of the ence to American Geological History, for the figs. 597-598, 902a, b, c). The doubtful is Use of Colleges, Academies, and Schools of following sponges given: Receptacu- R. R. R. R. Science, 2nd ed. Ivison, Blakeman, Taylor and lites, elegantulus, calciferus, oweni, R. R. R. Co., New York, New York, 828 pp., 1122 neptuni, globularis, iowensis, infundibu- Pasceolus Ischa- text-figs., 1 map. liformis, Receptaculites sp., sp., dites, I. bursiformis, and Sphaewspongia tessellata This is almost identical to Dana, J. D., 1863. (pp. 513, 515-517, 524, 560, 562, 569, 584, 590, 596-597, 601). See also:

J. and Dana, D., 1863, 1864[?], 1871, 1880, See also: 1895. Dana, J. D., 1863, 1864[?], 1871, 1875[?],and 1880. 1879. On the Hudson River age of the Taconic schists, and on the dependent relations of the Daniels, Edward Dutchess County and western Connecticut limestone belts. American Journal of Science, 1854. First Annual Report on the Geological

vol. 17, 3rd ser., pp. 375-388, 3 text-figs., 1 Survey of the State of Wisconsin, Madison, map. Wisconsin, 84 pp., 2 cross sections.

Receptaculites occurs in the Ordovician (Tren- Coscinopora sulcata, the sun-flower coral, char- ton) Wappinger Valley (or Barnegat) Limestone acterizes the [Ordovician] gray limestone in the near Poughkeepsie, New York (p. 381). lead-zinc region of Wisconsin (p. 1 5).

42 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Dapples, Charles C. gordo (pp. 11, 185, 200). Receptaculites sp. is found in the upper member of the Upper Ordovician See: Montoya Limestone in the Sacramento Mountains Nitecki, M. H., and C. C. Dapples, 1975. (p. 200).

D'Archiac, Vicomte David, Tannatt William Edgeworth

See: 1 932. Explanatory Notes to Accompany a New Archiac, Vicomte d\ Geological Map of the Commonwealth of Australia. Commonwealth Council for Sci- Darton, Nelson Horatio entific and Industrial Research, Sydney, 177

pp., 10 text-figs., 1 1 tables, maps, sections. 1906. Fish remains in Ordovician rocks in Big- horn Mountains, Wyoming, with a resume of The sponge Receptaculites australis is abundant Ordovician geology of the northwest. Bulletin in the Middle Devonian of the Murrumbidgee area, of the Geological Society of America, vol. 17, New South Wales (p. 51). It also occurs in Middle pp. 541-566, pis. 73-79. Devonian of Capertee, New South Wales, the Buchan and Bindi Formations in Victoria, and Ordovician Receptaculites oweni occurs in the Middle-Upper Devonian Mt. Wyatt Series in Fremont Limestone near Canon City, Colorado, Queensland (Table C, p. 51). in a fauna equivalent to the Lower Trenton of York New (p. 563). David, Tannatt William Edgeworth, and W. R. Browne 1908. Paleozoic and Mesozoic of central Wyo- 1950. The Geology of the Commonwealth of ming. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Australia. Volume 1 . Edward Arnold & Co., America, vol. 19, pp. 403-474, pis. 21-30. London, 747 pp., 58 pis., 197 text-figs., 28 Receptaculites oweni Hall occurs in the basal tables. calcareous sandstone of the Ordovician Bighorn Silurian Receptaculites sp. and R. fergusoni and Limestone in the Wind River Mountains, Wyo- Devonian Receptaculites sp., R. australis, and ming (p. 411). Sphaerospongia from numerous localities in Aus- tralia are listed; R. australis is figured (pp. 193, 1917. A comparison of Paleozoic sections in 197, 231-236, 241, 257-258; pi. 25, fig. f). southern New Mexico. United States Geo- Professional logical Survey Paper 108-C, pp. Davis, Richard A., Jr. 31-55, pis. 13-21, text-figs. 2-15. See: listed Calathium anstedi and C. cf. anstedi are Ostrom, M. E., R. A. Davis, Jr., and L. M. from the Lower Ordovician El Paso Limestone of Cline, 1970. the Silver City region and the Sacramento and San Andres Mountains, respectively (p. 36). Receptac- Dawes, Peter R. ulites sp. from Dog Canyon and R. cf. oweni Hall 1976. Precambrian to Tertiary of northern from the Sacramento Mountains and the Franklin Greenland; pp. 248-303, text-figs. 221-268. Mountains near El Paso are found in the Ordo- In Escher, Arthur, and W. Stuart Watt (eds.), vician (Richmond) Montoya Limestone (pp. 39- Geology of Greenland. Geological Survey of 40). Greenland, Copenhagen, Denmark, 603 pp.

Middle Ordovician is found 1928. "Red beds" and associated formations in A alga Receptaculites in the Gonioceras Formation in New Mexico, with an outline of the geology Bay Washington Land and the River Formation in of the state. Bulletin of the United States Geo- Borglum Peary Land, northern Greenland. It also occurs in an logical Survey 794, 356 pp., 62 pis., 173 text- unnamed Upper Ordovician formation in Hall figs. Land-Wulff Land (pp. 270-272). Calathium anstedi Billings and C. cf. anstedi Billings are present in the Lower Ordovician El See also: Paso Limestone in New Mexico near Silver City, Peel, J. S., P. R. Dawes, and J. C. Troelsen, in the San Andres Mountains and near Alamo- 1974.

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 43 Dawson, John William 1973, Sciences de la Terre 33, pp. 195-258,

39 figs., 3 tables. 1865a. On the structure of certain organic re- mains in the Laurentian limestones of Can- [Radiocyathid] "Dictyocyathus" macdonnelli ada. Quarterly Journal of the Geological So- Bedford and Bedford is described and figured as ciety [London], vol. 21, pp. 51-59, pis. 6-7. an uncertain genus of archeocyathids from Lower Cambrian, Ajax Mine in South Australia (p. 196, Receptaculites is a foraminifer (p. 52). fig. 4).

See also: 1977. Archeocyathes du Jbel Irhoud (Jebilets- Dawson, J. W., 1865b. Maroc). Bulletin Societe Geologique et Mi- neralogique de Bretagne, Ser. C, vol. 7, fasc. 1865b. On the structure of certain organic re- 2, pp. 93-136, 14 pis., 8 text-figs., 3 tables. mains in the Laurentian limestones of Can- Girphanovella Zhuravleva and IGirvanovella sp. ada. Canadian Naturalist and Geologist and are described and figured as Radiocyatha, family Proceedings of the Natural History Society of Girphanovellidae, from Cambrian, Lenian in Jbel Montreal, n. ser., vol. 2, pp. 99-111, 127— Irhoud in Morocco (p. 128, pi. 5, fig. 2). 128, 2 pis.

This is identical to Dawson, J. W., 1865a. See also: Nitecki, M. H., and F. Debrenne, 1979.

1875. The Dawn of Life; Being the History of Henri and Gene- the Oldest Known Fossil Remains, and Their Debrenne, Francoise, Termier, vieve Termier Relations to Geological Time and to the De- of the Animal Hodder velopment Kingdom. 1970. Radiocyatha. Une novelle classe d'orga- and London, 239 pp., 8 pis., 49 Stoughton, nismes primitifs du Cambrien inferieur. Bul- text-figs. letin de la Societe geologique de France, 7

serie, tome 12, no. 1, pp. 120-125, pis. 4-6. Receptaculites, possibly allied to archaeocy- is described as an athids, figured and probably The Lower Cambrian family Heterocyathidae, intermediate between foraminifers and sponges (pp. Radiocyathus, R. minor, R. major, and R. tertius 162-164, figs. 46-48). are described and figured, and a new class Radio- cyatha is established. The tendency of Radiocy- 1888. Specimens of Eozoon canadense and their athus to form skeletal plates similar to the struc- geological and other relations. Peter Redpath tural plan of archaeocyathids represents a Museum Notes on Specimens, McGill Uni- specialization in rapport with archaeos. However, versity, Montreal, Quebec, 106 pp., 16 text- the mesenchymatous character of its skeleton also figs. evokes a pattern similar to that of echinoderms.

Receptaculites is probably a protozoan (p. 58). 1971. Sur de nouveaux representants de la classe des Radiocyatha. Essai sur 1'evolution des 1897. Note on and other ancient Cryptozoan Metazoaires primitifs. Bulletin de la Societe fossils. Canadian Record of Science, vol. 7, geologique de France, 7 serie, tome 13, nos. no. 4, pp. 203-219, 3 text-figs. 3_4, pp. 439-444, pi s . 29-30, 2 tables. Lower Ordovician to Carboniferous Receptac- Radiocyathids represent animals more primi- ulites has been with foraminifers and placed tive than sponges, and are possibly close to a pro- sponges, but may be a survivor of an ancient type tozoan source of metazoa. They are without de- of protozoan (pp. 214-215). scendants, and are limited to the explosive period of archaeos. Their classification is as follows: Debrenne, Francoise class Radiocyatha Debrenne, Termier and Ter- 1973. LesArcheocyathesIrreguliersd'Ajax Mine mier 1971 (Cambrien inferieur, Australie du Sud). Bul- Uranosphaeridae Bedford and Bedford 1936 letin du Museum National d'Histoire Natu- Kuraya Romanenko 1968 relle. 3e serie, no. 195, Septembre-Octobre K. sphaerica Romanenko 1968

44 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY K. hexaster (Bedford and Bedford 1934) the Simpson Group of Oklahoma: Receptaculites Uranosphaera Bedford and Bedford 1934 in the Oil Creek Formation; R. occidentalis Salter, U. polyaster Bedford and Bedford 1934 Ischadites iowensis (Owen) and /. cf. iowensis in U. ramosa Bedford and Bedford 1936 the Bromide Formation; and Ischadites sp. in the Gonamispongia Korshunov 1968 middle Viola Formation (pp. 21, 46, 48, 54, 59- G. ignorabilis Korshunov 1968 60, 68, 83-84). Receptaculites ranges from Oil Girphanovellidae fam. nov. Creek to the Viola Formation. Blastasteria nov. gen. B. bedfordorum sp. nov. Deecke, W. (Johannes Ernst Wilhelm ?J Girphanovella Zhuravleva 1967 1 90 1 . Ueber Hexagonaria v. Hag. und Gonio- G. girphanovae Zhuravleva 1967 lina Roem. Centralblatt fuer Mineralogie, All these lower Cambrian taxa are described and Geologie, und Palaeontologie in Verbindung mit fuer figured. dem Neuen Jahrbuch Mineralogie,

1 1 Geologie, und Palaeontologie 90 , pp. 469- Dechen, (Ernst] Heinrich [Carl] von 473, 2 text-figs. and 1 832. Handbuch der Geognosie von De la Beche. Cyclocrinus, Mastopora Coelosphaeridium are Nach der zweiten Auflage des Englische Ori- green algae (pp. 470, 473). ginals bearbeitet von H. von Dechen. Berlin, Defrance, J. L. M. 612 pp., 23 text-figs. 1827. Receptaculite. Dictionnaire des Sciences Scyphia [Sphaerospongia] cornu copiae Gold- Naturelles. Volume 45. F. G. Levrault, Stras- fuss is listed as a sponge (p. 5 1 7). bourg and Paris, pp. 5-7, pi. 68, figs, la- Id.

1884. Geologische und Palaeontologische [Devonian] Receptacules n. gen. neptuni n. sp. Uebersicht der Rheinprovinz und der Provinz from Chimay, Belgium, is described and figured Westfalen. Bonn, 933 pp. as a polyp.

Lower Middle Devonian Receptaculites sp. and De la Beche, Henry Thomas lower Upper Devonian R. neptuni from Germany are listed (pp. 139, 182-185). 1834. On the geology of Tor and Babbacombe Bays, Devon. Proceedings of the Geological

Decker, Charles E. Society [London], vol. 1, pp. 31-35.

1931. Detailed section ofSimpson Groups I and "A very singular fossil" [Sphaerospongia tes-

II, Wichita, Arbuckle, and Ouachita Moun- sellata] is figured. It appears to have been attached tains of Oklahoma and the Ouachita Moun- in the manner of the Alcyonia; but whether it is a tains of Arkansas, with Geologic Cross Sec- coral or an intermediate between the Crinoidea tions. Guide Book. Fifth Annual Field and Echinodermata, has not yet been determined Conference. Kansas Geological Society, (P. 32). Wichita, Kansas, pp. 56-63. 1835. On the geology of Tor and Babbacombe Receptaculites occurs in the Ordovician Bro- Bays, Devon. Transactions of the Geological mide Formation of the Simpson Group in Okla- Society [London], 2nd sen, vol. 3, pp. 161- homa (pp. 56, 58). 170, pis. 18-20.

See also: [Devonian Sphaerospongia tessellata] from Devon is Gould, C. N., and C. E. Decker, 1925. figured (pi. 20, figs. 1-2).

See also: Decker, Charles E., and Clifford A. Merritt Broderip, W. J., 1835. 1931. The stratigraphy and physical character- istics of the Simpson Group. Oklahoma Geo- Delise, Knoxie Carlton logical Survey Bulletin, vol. 55, 112 pp., 15 See: pis., 2 text-figs. Langenheim, R. L., Jr., J. A. Barnes, K. C. The following Ordovician sponges are found in Delise, W. A. Ross, and J. M. Stanton, 1 956.

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 45 Deloffre, Raoul Receptaculites occurs in the Devonian of Spina Kada, Afghanistan. See: Bassoullet, J.-P., P. Bernier, R. Deloffre, P. Devine, Jack Genot, M. Jaffrezo, A.-F. Poignant, and G. Segonzac, 1975 and 1977. See: Bassoullet, J.-P., P. Bernier, R. Deloffre, P. Craig, J., J. Devine, P. McGill, and R. Me- Genot, M. Jaffrezo, and D. Vachard, 1979. meley, 1967.

Gustave Delury, Justin S. Dewalque,

1926. Wapawekka and Deschambault Lakes 1874. Compte rendu de la reunion extraordi- naire de 1874 tenure a Marche du 4 ou 6 area, Saskatchewan. Geological Survey of Octobre. Annales de la Societe de Canada Summary Report, 1924, part B, pp. Geologique 23-50. Belgique, vol. 1, 1874, pp. LXXVII-XCV, 1 text-fig. Receptaculites oweni is found in Ordovician Receptaculites neptuni Defr. from the Devonian limestone near Bigstone and Limestone Lakes in Frasnian stage at Givet, near Marche, Belgium, is Saskatchewan (p. 44). listed (p. LXXXIV).

Demanet, Felix Diemberger-Sironi, M. A. See: See: Maillieux, E., and F. Demanet, 1929. Vogeltanz, R., and M. A. Diemberger-Sironi, 1968. Denis, Theophile C.

See: Dings, McClelland G., and Charles S. Robinson

Dresser, J. A., and T. C. Denis, 1944. 1957. Geology and ore deposits of the Garfield Quadrangle, Colorado. United States Geolog- Charles DeRance, Eugene ical Survey Professional Paper 289, 1 10 pp.,

1 5 8 See: pis., text-figs.

Feilden, H. W., and C. E. DeRance, 1878. Receptaculites oweni is found in the Middle to Late Ordovician Fremont Dolomite in the Gar-

Deshayes, Gerard Paul field Quadrangle of Colorado (p. 1 3).

1828. Receptaculite. Dictionnaire Classique Dixon, Lane P. d'Histoire Naturelle. Volume 14: PLA-ROY. Rey et Gravier, Paris, p. 486. See: Barnes, V. E., P. E. Cloud, Jr., L. P. Dixon, Receptaculites is a polyp from Chimay, Belgium R. L. Folk, E. C. Jones, A. R. Palmer, and marks the in in (p. 486). [This change spelling E.J. Tynan, 1959. Receptacules Defrance 1827, to Receptaculites.]

Dorr, M. E. Desparmet, Raymond See: See: Johnson, J. H., and M. E. Door, 1942. Blaise, J., R. Desparmet, and A. F. de Lap- parent, 1971. Dow, Guy

See: Desparmet, Raymond, and Christian Montenat Odom, I. E., G. M. Wilson, and G. Dow, 1972. Les transgressions du Paleozoique en Ha- 1961a and 1961b. zarajat (Afghanistan central). Revue de Geo- Odom, I. E., G. M. Wilson, G. Dow, T. C. graphic Physique et de Geologie Dynamique, Buschbach, W. C. Smith, and P. B. Du Paris, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 397-414, 8 text-figs. Montelle, 1964.

46 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Odom, I. E., G. M. Wilson, G. Dow, J. Kemp- Drevermann, Fritz ton, and G. Emrich, 1963. 1900. Die Fauna der oberdevonischen Tuff- breccie von Langenaubach bei Haiger. Jahr- Donaldson Bogart Dowling, buch der Koeniglich Preussischen geologisch- en Landesanstalt und zu Berlin 1900. General Index to the Reports of Progress, Bergakademie fuer das Jahr vol. 1863 to 1884. Geological Survey of Canada, 1900, 21, pp. 99-207, pis. 12-16, numerous tables. Ottawa, Ontario (S. E. Dawson, printer), 475

pp. The protozoan Receptaculites Neptuni Defr. is described and listed from Upper Devonian tuff- Ischadites canadensis Billings and Pasceolus halli breccias in Langenaubach, Iberger Kalk, in Prussia Billings are listed (pp. 233, 336). (pp. 182, 184, 196, 206).

1898 [1901]. Report on the geology of the west Drewes, Harald shore and islands of Lake Winnipeg. Geolog- ical Survey of Canada Annual Report, 1898, 1963. Geology of the Funeral Peak Quadrangle, n. ser., vol. 11, Rep. F, 100 pp., numerous California, on the east flank of Death Valley. text-figs. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 413, 78 pp., 2 pis., 14 text-figs., 12 oweni Hall, Ischadites iowensis Receptaculites tables. (Owen), and Pasceolus gregarius Billings are found in the Trenton (Galena) around Lake Winnipeg, A sponge resembling Receptaculites is found in Manitoba (pp. 38, 40, 45, 48, 64, 68-70, 72-73, the Funeral Peak Quadrangle of Death Valley, in- 76, 78, 81,86). dicating a probable Ordovician age (pp. 12-13).

John B. Doyle, Frank Larry Droste,

See: 1965. Geology of the Freeport Quadrangle, Il- R. and 1978. linois. Illinois State Geological Survey Cir- Shaver, H., others,

cular 395, 24 pp., 1 pi. (map), 5 text-figs., 8 sects. Drushchits, Vladimir Vasilyevich

1962. Klass (?) Receptaculida. Receptaculity; pp. The sponge Receptaculites is found in the Ga- 109-1 10, 66. In Orlov, U. A., Paleonto- lena Ordovician Buckhorn, Fairplay, Mortimer, fig. Moskovskii Uni- Rivoli, and Sherwood Members of the Dunleith logia Besposvonochnych. 468 421 Formation and the Stewartville Member of the versitet, Moskva, pp., figs. Wise Lake Formation (pp. 4-5, 9-13). Upper Cambrian to Lower Carboniferous class Receptaculida is described in an addenda to Dresser, John A., and Theophile C. Denis sponges; Ordovician Ischadites murchisoni from the Baltic region and Devonian Receptaculites 1944. Geology of Quebec. Volume 2. Descrip- neptuni from the South Urals are figured. tive geology. Quebec [Province] Department of Mines. Geological Report 20, 544 pp., 44 1974. Paleontologia Besposvonochnych. Mos- pis., 41 text-figs., 4 maps. [Published also in kovskii Universitet, Moskva, 528 pp., 312 French.] text-figs. The following are listed: Receptaculites neptuni Class (?) Receptaculita and family (?) Soanitidae and R. occidentalis from the Lake St. Jean- (?) are described as Metazoa of uncertain taxonomic Saguenay area; R. occidentalis from the Ordovi- position (pp. 163-164). cian Trenton Limestone in Quebec; R.jonesi from the Lower Devonian Grand Greve Formation of Drushchits, Vladimir Vasilyevich, G. G. Astrova, Gaspe Peninsula; and Ischadites cf. squamifer from R. L. Merklin, and V. N. Shimanskii the Middle (?) Devonian Gaspe Sandstone of east- ern Gaspe (pp. 211, 213, 264, 325, 328). Cyclo- 1962. Paleontologia Besposvonochnych. Mos- crinites intermedius from the Gun River Forma- kovskii Universitet, Moskva, 468 pp., 421

tion of Anticosti is figured (pi. 39, fig. 8). figs.

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 47 The sponge, Class (?) Receptaculida is described from the Richmond [Ordovician] of Alaska and (pp. 109-1 10). Ordovician Ischadites murchisoni the western states, is mentioned (p. 262). Eichwald from the Baltic region and Receptaculites neptuni Defrance from the Urals are figured (fig. Dwight, William B. 66). 1879. On some recent explorations in the Wap- pinger Valley Limestone of Dutchess County, Dujardin, Felix New York. American Journal of Science, 3rd

1849. Receptaculites. Dictionnaire Universel ser., vol. 17, pp. 389-392. d'Histoire Naturelle. Volume 10: PHO-REP. Receptaculites from the Ordovician Trentonian Martinet et Cie, Paris, p. 741. Wappinger Valley ("Barnegat") Limestone near Receptaculites is a polyp. Poughkeepsie, New York, is described (pp. 389- 390, 392). Du Montelle, Paul B. Dyer, William Spafford See: Odom, I. E., G. M. Wilson, G. Dow, T. C. 1925. The paleontology of the Credit River sec- Buschbach, W. C. Smith, and P. B. Du tion. Ontario Department of Mines 32nd An- Montelle, 1964. nual Report, vol. 32, part 7, 1923, pp. 47-88,

7 pis. Dun, William Sutherland Pasceolus cf. camdenensis Foerste from the Er- See: indale or Streetsville Member of the Ordovician

Etheridge, R., Jr., and W. S. Dun, 1898. Richmond Formation, near Streetsville, Ontario, is described (p. 61). Dunbar, Carl O. Eardley, Armand John See: Schuchert, C, and C. O. Dunbar, 1934. 1965. General College Geology. Harper and Row, New York, New York, 499 pp., 5 pis., Duncan, Donald 547 text-figs.

See: The sponge-like Receptaculites is an Ordovician Lochman, C, and D. Duncan, 1944. index fossil (pp. 276-277, text-fig. 14-14).

Durkoop, A., H. Mensink, and G. Plodowski Earp, J. R.

1967. Central and western Afghanistan and See: southern Iran; pp. 529-544, 4 text-figs., 2 ta- Mitchell, G. H., and others, 1962. bles. In Oswald, D. H. (ed.), International Symposium on the Devonian System. Vol- East, Edwin H.

ume 1 . Alberta Society of Petroleum Geolo- 1966. Structure and stratigraphy of San Fran- gists, Calgary, Alberta, 1055 pp., numerous cisco Mountains, western Utah. Bulletin of text- figs. the American Association of Petroleum Ge-

Upper Devonian Receptaculites neptuni from ologists, vol. 50, no. 5, pp. 901-920, 10 text-

Doni Jarschi, Afghanistan, and Tabas, South Iran, figs. is listed (pp. 541, 543). Receptaculites mammillaris Walcott from the Middle Ordovician Pogonip Group in the San Dutro, J. Thomas, Jr. Francisco Mountains of west-central Utah is listed

1956. Annotated bibliography of Alaskan Pa- (p. 911). leozoic paleontology. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey, 1021-H, pp. 253- Eastman, Charles R.

287, 1 pi. See:

Receptaculites sp., which resembles R. oweni Hall Zittel, K. A., 1896-1900 and 1913.

48 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Easton, William Heyden ocladales, Siphonales, and Dasycladales of Hawaii. University of California Publications 1960. Invertebrate Paleontology. Harper and in Botany, vol. 25, pp. 325-454, 42 pis., 23 Brothers, New York, New York, 701 pp., nu- text-figs. text-figs. tmerous Ordovician Cyclocrinus belongs to the Dasy- Receptaculitids are placed with sponges of un- cladales. Its phylogeny is discussed, and C. porosus certain taxonomic position but may belong to is illustrated (pp. 340-341; pi. 39, fig. h). another phylum. Receptaculites and Ischadites are discussed, and R. occidentalis, R. mammillaris, R. Eggler, David H. oweni, R. neptuni, and /. iowensis are illustrated (pp. 116-118, text-fig. 38). See:

Chronic, J., M. E. McCallum, C. S. Ferris, Jr., Eaton, Amos and D. H. Eggler, 1969.

1832 [1833]. Geological Text-Book for Aiding Kurt the Study of North American Geology: Being Ehrenberg, a of Facts, Collected Systematic Arrangement 1960. Palaeozoologie. Springer-Verlag, Wien, the Author and His Pupils, under the Pa- by 408 pp., 175 text-figs. tronage of the Hon. Stephen van Rensselaer, 2nd ed. Websters and Skinners, Albany, New The Ordovician to Carboniferous Receptaculi- and are York, 134 pp., 5 pis., 3 text-figs. tida, including Receptaculites Ischadites, sponges of uncertain taxonomic position. Coscinopora from New York State [the first fig- ured North American receptaculitid] and C. mac- Eichwald, Edouard ropora, C. infundibuliformis (p. 132; pi. 5; text-

figs. 64-65), and C. sulcata are described; they 1 840a. Ueber das silurische Schichtensystem in belong to the Reteporite family of the Radiata (pp. Esthland. Aus dem ersten und Zweiten Hefte 43-44). der "Zeitschrift fuer Natur- und Heilkunde" der medizinischen Akademie zu St. Peters-

See also: burg besonders abgedrukt. St. Petersburg, 2 1 Wells, J. W., 1963. pp.

This is identical to Eichwald, E., 1840c. Edwards, Dianne

See: 1 840b. O siluriskoi sisteme plastov v Estlandii

Bassett, M. G., and D. Edwards, 1973. sochinienie akademika Eichvalda. Iz 1 -i i 2-i

knigi zhurnala vrachebnych i estestvennych Edwards, H. Milne nauk, Meditzinskoi Akademii, Osobenno na- pechatano. Sanktpeterburg, 243 pp. See:

Milne-Edwards, H. This is the Russian version of Eichwald, E., 1840c. Edwards, Wilfred Norman

1 840c. Ueber das silurische in See: Schichtensystem Estland. Zeitschrift fuer Natur- und Heil- Currie, E. D., and W. N. Edwards, 1943. kunde. Hefte 1 und 2. Medizinischen Aka- demie zu St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, 210 Eftekhar-Nezhad, J. pp. See: Mastopora concava n. sp. (pp. 204-205) and Re- Stoecklin, J., J. Eftekhar-Nezhad, and A. ceptaculites orbis n. sp. (pp. 203-204) are de- Hushmand-Zadeh, 1969. scribed as corals. Cyclocrinites spaskii n. sp. (pp.

1 92-193), is described as a crinoid. Receptaculites Egerod, Lois Eubank orbis is compared with R. neptuni and Ischadites 1952. An analysis of the siphonous Chlorophy- koenigii. All are from Estonia or the surrounding cophyta with special reference to the Siphon- Baltic area.

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 49 1 840d. Die Urwelt Russlands, durch Abbildun- 1842a. Neuer Beitrag zur Geognosie Estlands gen erlaeutert. Heft 1. St. Petersburg, 106 pp., und Finlands. Die Urwelt Russlands, durch 4 pis. Abbildungen Erlaeutert. Zweites Heft. Aka-

demie der Wissenschaften, St. Petersburg, 1 84 Coscinopora orbis Eichwald, Mastopora con- pp. cava, and Cyclocrinites spaskii Eichwald from the Ordovician of Estonia are mentioned (p. 13). Cyclocrinites spaskii from the "Kalkstein" of Dagoe, Munelas, and Birkas in Estonia is de-

1 840e. Ueber das silurische Schichtensystem in scribed and figured and is compared with lscha- Estland. Journal fuer Natur- und Heilkunde, dites Murch. Receptaculites bronnii from Reval is herausgegeben von der Kaiserlich mediko- compared with Receptaculites Defrance and 1s- chirurgischen Akademie zu St. Petersburg. chadites from the Ludlow Limestone. The zoo-

Heft I, pp. 1-114. phyte Tettragonis n. gen. murchisonii n. sp. is de- scribed and figured and is placed in the same family This is identical to Eichwald, E., 1840c, Part I. as the problematic Ischadites. Receptaculites orbis is listed. All are [Ordovician] probable corals (pp. 1 840f. O siluriskoi sisteme plastov v Estlandii. 10, 32, 48-49, 80-83; pi. 1, figs. 8-9; pi. 3, fig. 18). Zhurnal vrachebnych i estestvennych nauk.

Kniga I, pp. 1-134. 1 842b. Die Urwelt Russlands, durch Abbildun- This is Part I of Eichwald, E., 1840c. gen erlaeutert. Zweites Heft. St. Petersburg. Gedruck bei der Kaisebl. Akademie der Wis-

1 840g. Sur le systeme silurien de l'Esthonie. St. senschaften, 184 pp., 4 pis. Petersbourg, 222 pp. The following Ordovician [receptaculitids] from This is the French version ofEichwald, E., 1 840c. Estonia are described and figured: Cyclocrinites

spaskii, pp. 48-49, pi. 1, fig. 8, Receptaculites

1840h. Sur le systeme Silurien de l'Esthonie.— Bronnii, pp. 80-81, pi. 1, fig. 9, and Tettragonis

Journal de medicine et d'histoire naturelle Murchisonii, pp. 81-83, pi. 3, fig. 18. publie par l'Academie Imperiale medicochir- urgicole de St. Petersbourg, I cahier, pp. 1- 1842c. Die Urwelt Russlands, durch Abbildun- 124. gen erlaeutert. Zweites Heft. St. Petersburg, 183 pp. This is the French version of Part I of Eichwald, E., 1840c. This is almost identical to Eichwald, E., 1842b.

1841a. O siluriskoi sisteme plastov v Estlandii. 1842d. Neuer Beitrag zur Geognosie Estlands

Zhurnal vrachebnych i estestvennych nauk. und Finlands. Die Urwelt Russlands, Heft II, Kniga II, pp. 1-109. pp. 1-138.

This is Part II of Eichwald, E., 1840c. This is almost identical to Eichwald, E., 1842a.

1841b. Sur le systeme Silurien de l'Esthonie.— 1842e. Oefver det siluriska lagersystemets re- Journal de medicine et d'histoire naturelle lativa alder i Esthland och Sverige. Foerhand- publie par l'Academie Imperiale medicochir- lingar vid de Skandinaviske Naturforskarnes

urgicole de St. Petersbourg, II cahier, pp. 1- tredje Moete, i Stockholm den 13-19 Juli 98. 1842, pp. 537-540.

This is Part II of the French version of Eich- "Plant-animal" Receptaculites orbis and Mas- wald, E., 1840c. topora concava are listed from the Lower Silurian [Ordovician] of Estonia (p. 540). 1841c. Ueber das silurische Schichtensystem in

Estland. Journal fuer Natur- und Heilkunde, 1 843. Neuer Beitrag zur Geognosie Estlands und herausgegeben von der Kaiserlich mediko- Finlands. Beitraege zur Kenntnis des Rus- chirurgischen Akademie zu St. Petersburg. sischen Reiches und der angrenzenden Laen- Heft II, pp. 1-96. der Asiens. St. Petersburg, Bd. 8, pp. 1-138.

This is identical to Eichwald, E., 1840c, Part II. Receptaculites bronnii is described.

50 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY 1846. Geognozia. Preimushchestvenno v' ot- Russie. Volume I, partie 1. Ancienne periode. noshenii k' Rossii. Sanktpeterburg: Vingever, Stuttgart, 268 pp. 572 pp., 2 pis. This is part of Eichwald, E., 1860. The following are listed: Receptaculites, R. Bronnii, R. orbis, R. neptuni, Mastopora concava, 1855d. Lethaea Rossica ou Paleontologie de la Tettragonis Murchisonii, Cyclocrinites Spaskii, Is- Russie. Volume 1. Ancienne periode. Atlas. chadites altaicus. and Zamia (pp. 354, 359-360, Stuttgart. 23 Lithographic plates. 370, 375, 384). This is part of Eichwald, E., 1855a.

1850. Atlas k paleontologii Rossii. Novyi pe- 1856. Beitrag zur geographischen Verbreitung riod. St. Petersburg [14 lithographic plates]. der fossilen Thiere Russlands. Alte periode. Receptaculites orbis and Cyclocrinites spaskii are Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Natural- istes vol. no. figured. de Moscou [Moscow], 29, 1, pp. 88-127.

1854. Rossii. Paleontologia Dvernyi period. [Echinosphaerites] and Cyclocrinus are placed Ja. 245 Sanktpeterburg. Tipografia Jonson, pp. with Cystidea, and the following Russian species from the Grauwackenkalke are described: Echi- Kutorga's 1842 Zamia rossica from the grey- tessellatus Phill. from Altai and the wacke limestone of the Altai Mountains is not a nosphaerites Northern Urals, and Cyclocrinus spaskii Eichwald plant but a coral similar to Tettragonis from the from Russia (pp. 122, 124). greywacke limestone of Estonia (p. 168).

1857. Beitrag zur geographischen Verbreitung 1855a. Lethaea Rossica ou Paleontologie de la der fossilen Thiere Russlands. Alte periode, Russie decrite et figuree. Atlas. Ancienne pe- 242 pp. riode. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, 59 pis., with

vol. 1 explanations. [The accompanying text, , This is the same as Eichwald, E., 1855b, 1856, was published in 1 860.] and others, bound in one volume.

Receptaculites orbis, R. bronnii, Ischadites eich- 1860. Lethaea Rossica ou Paleontologie de la waldi, I. altaicus, Tetragonis sulcata, T. parvipora, Russie, decrite et figuree. Volume 1 . Premiere Mastopora concava, Escharipora recta, Cyclocri- section de l'ancienne Periode, contenant la nus exilis, and C. spaskii are figured (pi. 27, figs. Flore de l'ancienne Periode et la Faune 1-8; pi. 32, figs. 20-21). jusqu'aux Mollusques. E. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, 68 1 pp. [The accompanying atlas of See also: 59 pis. was published in 1855.] Eichwald, E., 1860 and 1861. The following Ordovician corals, the family Re- n. from Russia are described: 1855b. Beitrag zur geographischen Verbreitung ceptaculitidae fam., R. orbis Eichwald Es- der fossilen Thiere Russlands. Alte periode. Receptaculites Defrance, (= charites R. bronnii Eich- Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Natura- forniculosus Schloth.), T murchisonii Eich- listes de Moscou [Moscow], vol. 28, no. 4, pp. wald, Tetragonis Eichwald, 433-466. wald, T sulcata Eichwald, T parvipora Eichwald, Mastopora Eichwald, M. concava Eichwald, Es- The its anthozoan family Receptaculitidae and charipora Hall, E. recta Hall, Ischadites Koenig Hall non genera Escharipora d'Orb., Receptacu- [sic], /. eichwaldi Schmidt, and /. altaicus Eich- and are lites, Ischadites, Tetragonis, Mastopora wald (pp. 427-439). Ordovician Cyclocrinus Eich- described. are de- The following Russian species wald, C spaskii Eichwald, and C exilis Eichwald scribed: Escharipora clathrata, Receptaculites or- from Russia are described as crinoids (pp. 637- R. Ischadites I. Tet- bis, bronnii, koenigii, altaicus, 640). Receptaculites neptuni, Coscinopora, C pla- T. T. and ragonis murchisonii, sulcata, parvipora, centa, C sulcata, Ischadites koenigi, and Tetra- concava Mastopora (pp. 463-466). gonis danbyi are mentioned. Synonymies, geo- graphic distributions, and stratigraphic ranges are 1855c. Lethaea Rossica ou Paleontologie de la given for all described taxa.

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 51 See also: of the British Museum (Natural History), Ge-

Eichwald, E., 1855a. ology, Supplement 4, 1 1 1 pp., 16 figs., 24 pis. Eichwald, Eduard, 1861. Cyclocrineae Pia 1920 is listed as a dasyclada- cean tribe Eichwald, Eduard [Edouard] (p. 14).

1861. Paleontologia Rossii. Dvernyi Period. II. 1971. A new fossil alga from the English Silu- Fauna grauvakkovoi, gornoisvestkovoi i rian. Paleontology, vol. 14, part 4, pp. 637- m'distosladevatoi formacii Rossii. R. Golik, 641, pis. 120-121, 1 text-fig. Byvshein, [and] Johnson, Sanktpeterburg, 521 Older Palaeozoic is a pp. [With atlas of 38 pis.] Mastopora highly orga- nized and calcified dasycladacean (p. 641). The following [Ordovician] corals from Russia are described and some are figured: Receptaculit- 1 972. Lower Palaeozoic green algae from South- idae n. fam., Receptaculites Defrance, R. orbis ern Scotland, and their evolutionary signifi- Eichwald (= Escharites forniculosus Schlotth.) (pi. cance. Bulletin of the British Museum (Nat- 6, fig. 1), R. bronnii Eichwald (pi. 6, fig. 2), Is- ural History), Geology Series, London, vol. chadites Koenig [sic], /. eichwaldi Schmidt (pi. 6, 22, no. 4, pp. 358-377, 10 pis., 17 text-figs. fig. 3), /. altaicus Eichwald (pi. 6, fig. 4), Escha-

ripora Hall, E. recta Hall (pi. 6, fig. 8), Tetragonis Rietschel ( 1 969) believes that receptaculitids are

n. gen., T. murchisoni Eichwald (pi. 3, fig. 18), T. an order of green algae, the Receptaculitales, dis-

sulcata Eichwald (pi. 6, fig. 5), T. parvipora Eich- tinct from dasyclads. Ischadites sp. is illustrated

wald (pi. 6, fig. 6), Mastopora n. gen., M. concava and its plate orientation is compared to that of a

Eichwald (pi. 6, fig. 7). The following [Ordovician] modern non-calcified green alga, Dictyosphaeria. crinoids from Russia are described and figured: Dasycladaceous Mastopora (tribe Cyclocrineae)

Cyclocrinus n. gen., C. exilis Eichwald (pi. 1 1, fig. and Upper Ordovician M. parva and Lower Si-

20), and C. spaskii Eichwald (pi. 11, fig. 21). Re- lurian M. fava are described and figured. The al- ceptaculites neptuni Defrance, Ischadites koenigi leged reproductive structures of M. parva are con- Lonsd. [sic], Coscinopora, C. placenta, C. sulcata, sidered inorganic. An early non-calcified growth Tetragonis danbyi, and Zamia are mentioned (pp. stage of M. fava is described. All are from the 81-87, 181-182). Girvan area of southern Scotland.

See also: Ellis, Mary Eichwald, E., 1855a and 1860. 1903. Index to publications of the New York Einasto, R. F. State Natural History Survey and New York State Museum 1 837-1 902. Bulletin ofthe New See: York State Museum (of Natural History), 66, Miagkova, E. I., H. E. Nestor, and R. F. Ei- Misc. 2, 653 pp. nasto, 1977. Ischadites bursiformis, I. squamifer, Receptac- Elias, Maxim K. ulites bursiformis, R. infundibuliformis, R. mon- ticulatus, R. neptuniP., R. oweni and R. subturbi- 1947. Permopora keenae, a new Late Permian natus, which appear in the publications of the New alga from Texas. Journal of Paleontology, York State Natural History Survey and New York vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 46-58, pi. 18, 8 text-figs., State Museum, are listed (pp. 581, 627). 1 table.

Nidulites, Pasciolus and Cerionites are [sic], Ells, Robert Wheelock mentioned (p. 55). Ordovician Mastopora {Nidu- 1902. The district around lites) pyriformis (Bassler) is figured and compared Kingston, Ontario; 172-185. In Bell, re- with Permopora (p. 55; pi. 18, figs. 12-14). All pp. Robert, Summary belong to family Dasycladaceae. port on the operations of the Geological Sur- vey for the year 1 90 1 . Geological Survey of Elliott, Graham Francis Canada Annual Report, n. ser., vol. 14, 1901, Rep. A, 271 pp. 1968. Permian to Palaeocene calcareous algae (Dasycladaceae) of the Middle East. Bulletin Receptaculites is found in basal beds of the [Or-

52 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY dovician] Trenton Limestone near Kingston, On- to the Straits of Fury and Hecla and to King tario (p. 179). William's Land. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 644 pp. 1907. Report on the geology and natural re- A new species of Receptaculites unlike R. occi- sources of the area included in the northwest dentalis or the species from the Galena Limestone, quarter-sheet, number 122, of the Ontario and occurs in Silliman's Fossil Mount, Baffin Island. Quebec series, comprising portions of the Receptaculites neptuni is found in King William's counties of Pontiac, Carleton, and Renfrew. Land (pp. 553, 576). Geological Survey of Canada Separate Re- 977, 71 pp., 1 map. port, Emmons, Ebenezer The Receptaculites beds represent either the 1855. American Geology, Containing a State- lowest part of the [Ordovician] Trenton Forma- ment of the Principles of the Science, with tion or beds below and transitional to the Trenton. Full Illustrations of the Characteristic Amer- Receptaculites occidentalis Salter occurs in these ican Fossils. Volume 1, Part 2. Sprague and beds and in the [Ordovician] Black River For- Co., Albany, New York, 251 pp., 18 pis., 84 mation near the Ottawa River in Canada (pp. 33, text-figs. 36). Receptaculites circularis n. sp. from the Loraine Elwes, Major E. V. [Lorraine] Shale and R. neptuni Defrance are de- scribed, illustrated, and placed with the zoophytes, 1919. Sphaerospongia tessalata Phillips. Jour- or corals (p. 230; pi. 14, fig. 1; text-fig. 82). nal of the Torquay Natural History Society, vol.2, 1915-1920, p. 291. I in rich. Grover The sponge Sphaerospongia tessalata Phillips is See: described from Lummaton and Wolborough [En- Odom, I. E., G. M. Wilson, G. Dow, J. Kemp- gland]. ton, and G. Emrich, 1963.

Ely, R. W. Endo, Riuji See: 1932. The Canadian and Ordovician formations Pierce, R. W., R. W. Ely, R. D. Stieglitz, T. and fossils of South Manchuria. Bulletin of R. Courtright, and R. L. Langenheim, Jr., the United States National Museum, 1 64, 1 52 1969. pp., 40 pis.

Emberger, Louis Calathiumfrechi n. sp., a sponge from the Upper Canadian Santao Formation in Manchuria, is de- 1 944. Les Plantes Fossiles dans Leur Rapports scribed and illustrated and compared with C ca- avec les Vegetaux Vivants. Masson et Cie, nadense Billings (pp. 18, 38; pi. 30, fig. 9; pi. 31, Paris, 492 pp., 457 text-figs. figs. 5-6). Ordovician Apidium, Coelosphaeridium, and Mastopora, and Upper Ordovician Cyclocrinus 1953. A summary of the geologic section in belong to the dasycladaceous Tribe Cyclocrineae. Manchuria. The Science Reports of the Sai- General characters of the Cyclocrineae are listed tama University, Urawa, Japan, ser. B, vol. (pp. 68, 74-75). Silurian Cyclocrinus and Masto- l,no. 2, pp. 105-114. pora are also listed (p. 440). Ordovician Cyclocri- Calathium frechi Endo is a characteristic fossil nus porosus is figured (fig. 42, p. 69). of the Lower Ordovician Santao Formation in southern Manchuria. Emerson, Benjamin Kendall

1879. Appendix 3. On the geology of Frobisher 1961. Phylogenetic relationships among the cal- Bay and Field Bay; pp. 553-583. In Nourse, careous algae; 53 pp., 17 pis., 7 tables. The Joseph Everett (ed.), Narrative of the Second Science Reports of the Saitama University. Arctic Expedition Made by Charles F. Hall: Series B (Biology and Earth Sciences), Com- His Voyage to Repulse Bay, Sledge Journeys memorative Volume Dedicated to Professor

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 53 Riuji Endo. Saitama University, Urawa, Ja- which Silurian Nidulites favus Salter occurs, are pan. listed (pp. 29-31, 33).

The Ordovician of the tribe following algae Cy- Etheridge, Robert, Jr. clocrineae are described, figured, and their strati- 1878a. A Catalogue of Australian Fossils (in- graphic distribution given: Apidium, A. pygmacwn cluding Tasmania and the Island of Timor) [sic] from Estonia; Cyclocrinus, C. spasskii from Stratigraphically and Zoologically the Baltic region; Coelosphaeridium, C. cyclocri- Arranged. 232 nophilum, Mastopora, and M. concava from Es- Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. tonia; and M. pyriformis (pp. 18-19, 22, 40; pi. 4, fig. 7; pi. 5, fig. 7; pi. 7, figs. 3, 9). The algae Gold- The foraminifers Receptaculites australis Salter sonia, G. burntensis from the Clinton Pike Ann and R. clarkii Salter occur in the Upper Silurian Formation, and Mastopora pyriformis are figured [Devonian?] at Yarradong, near Yass Plains, New and described (p. 40; pi. 7, fig. 3; pi. 16, fig. 1). South Wales (p. 3). Phylogenies of all these taxa are given (table 2). 1 878b. Palaeontology of the coasts of the Arctic Engler, [Heinrich Gustav] Adolf lands (visited by the late British expedition under Captain Sir George Nares R.N., K.C.B., 1954. Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien mit beson- F.R.S.). Quarterly Journal of the Geological derer Beruecksichtigung der Nutzpflanzen Society [London], vol. 34, pp. 568-639, pis. nebst einer Uebersicht ueber die Florenreiche 25-29. und Florengebiete der Erde, 12th ed. Mel- The arcticus n. from chior, Hans, and Erich Werdermann (eds.), sponge Receptaculites sp. the Lower Silurian at Louis Gebrueder Borntraeger, Berlin, 367 pp., 140 [Ordovician] Cape and Frazer in the Arctic Archi- text-figs. Napoleon Cape pelago, Grinnell Land, is described and compared The with six Palaeozoic "Cyclocrineae," genera, with R. occidentalis and R. neptuni. Receptaculites and including Cyclocrinus, Coelosphaeridium, occidentalis Salter from the same beds at Cape Mastopora (p. 104) are listed as fossil dasyclada- Louis Napoleon is described (pp. 571, 575-577). cean algae. 1888. Fossils of the British Islands Stratigraph- and Dennis R. Prez- Erdtmann, Bernd-Dietrich, ically and Zoologically Arranged. Volume 1 . bindowski Palaeozoic. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 468 pp.

1 974. Niagaran (Middle Silurian) interreef fossil The following British Silurian [Ordovician to burial environments in Indiana. Neues Jahr- Devonian] sponges are listed: Amphispongia ob- buch fuer Geologie und Palaeontologie, Ab- longa Salter, Ischadites antiquus Salter, /. grind- handlungen, Stuttgart, Germany, Band 144, rodi Salter, /. koenigii Murchison, /. lindstroemi

Heft 3, pp. 342-372, 1 1 text-figs. Hinde, /. tessellatus Salter, Nidulites favus Salter, Pasceolus goughii Salter, Receptaculites neptuni Receptaculites sp. from the Middle Silurian Mis- Defrance, Sphaerospongia hospitalis Salter, and sissinewa Shale near Huntington in northern In- Tetragonis danbyi McCoy; and Middle Devonian diana is listed and illustrated as a dasycladaceous Sphaerospongia tesselata Phillips and Receptacu- alga (pp. 353, 358, 372, fig. 10.8). lites neptuni (pp. 2-3, 136, 390, 427).

Robert Etheridge, See also:

See: Etheridge, R., [John?] Young, and R. Ether- 1873. Huxley, T. H., and R. Etheridge, 1865. idge, Jr., Jack, R. L., and R. Etheridge, Jr., 1892.

H. and R. 1 878- Etheridge, Robert, [John?] Young, and Robert Nicholson, A., Etheridge, Jr., 1880. Etheridge, Jr.

1873. List of fossils. Explanations of sheet 3, Etheridge, Robert, Jr., and William Sutherland Western Wigtownshire. Geological Survey of Dun Scotland Memoir, pp. 29-34. 1898. On the structure and mode of preserva- Seven localities in southwestern Ayrshire, at tion of Receptaculites australis Salter. Record

54 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY ofthe Geological Survey of New South Wales, Feilden, Henry Wemyss, and Charles Eugene Sydney, Australia, vol. 6, part 1, pp. 62-75, DeRanee pis. 8-10. 1878. Geology of the coasts of the Arctic lands Devonian Receptaculites australis Salter from visited by the late British expedition under ten Australian localities is described and illustrat- Captain Sir George Nares, R.N., K.C.B., ed. Ischadites, Acanthochonia, Receptaculites, R. F.R.S. Quarterly Journal ofthe Geological So- clarkei Salter, R. neptuni Defrance, R. mammil- ciety [London], vol. 34, pp. 556-567, pi. 24. laris (Newberry) Walcott, R. elongatus Walcott, The Lower Silurian [Ordovician] of Norman- R. ellipticus Walcott, R. infundibuliformis, R. oc- Lockyer Island, Grinnell Land, contains Recep- cidentalis Salter, R. oweni Hall, and R. orbis are taculites occidentalis and R. arctica (p. 558). discussed.

Fenton, Carroll Lane, and Mildred Adams Fenton Ethington, Raymond L. 1958. The Fossil Book. A Record of Prehistoric See: Life. Doubleday and Co., Inc., New York, Hintze, L. F., L. F. Braithwaite, D. L. Clark, New York, 482 pp., numerous text-figs. R. L. Ethington, and R. H. Flower, 1969. Middle to Late Ordovician Receptaculites oweni

Evans, Thomas A., Jr. Hall from the central United States and Wyoming and Ordovician Trentonian Ischadites iowensis See: (Owen) from central North America are illustrated Grosh, W. A., and T. A. Evans, Jr., 1959. (p. 65). Receptaculites is a problematic organism (P. 69). Everett, Oliver

See: Fenton, Mildred Adams 1890. Ulrich, E. O., and O. Everett, See:

Fenton, C. L., and M. A. Fenton, 1958. Fagerstrom, John Alfred Ferguson, Henry Gardner 1 96 1 . The fauna of the Middle Devonian For- mosa Reef Limestone of southwestern On- 1933. Geology of the Tybo District, Nevada. tario. of vol. 1- Journal Paleontology, 35, pp. University of Nevada Bulletin, Mining and 14 1 48, pis., text-fig. Geology Series, vol. 27, no. 3, 61 pp., 3 pis., 8 text-figs., 1 map. Receptaculites sp. and Ehlersospongia n. gen. stellata n. sp. from a middle Devonian bioherm Receptaculites mammillaris is found in the Or- in southwestern Ontario are described and illus- dovician Pogonip Formation in Nevada (p. 1 9). trated as Receptaculitidae of uncertain phylum, order class, and (pp. 5, 22; pi. 3, figs. 21-24). Ferris, Clinton S., Jr.

See: Fairchild, Herman LeRoy Chronic, J., and C. S. Ferris, Jr., 1961 and See: 1963.

LeConte, J., 1877. Chronic, J., M. E. McCallum, C. S. Ferris, Jr., LeConte, J., and H. L. Fairchild, 1903. and D. H. Eggler, 1969.

Fearnsides, William George Field, Richard M.

1905. On the geology of Arenig Fawr and Moel 1919. The Middle Ordovician of central and Llyfnant. Quarterly Journal of the Geological south central Pennsylvania. American Jour- Society [London], vol. 61, pp. 608-640, pi. nal of Science, 4th ser., vol. 48, art. 27, pp.

41,2 text-figs. 403-428, 3 text-figs., tables.

Ischadites micropora Hall [Salter] is listed from Nidulites favus from the Chambersburg For- the Ordovician Derfel Limestone at Garn, east of mation at Marion, Pennsylvania, and Receptac- Arenig, North Wales (p. 627). ulites occidentalis from the Rodman and Cham-

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 55 bersburg Formations of Pennsylvania and the Receptaculitida, which may be algae rather than Stones River and Trenton Formations are listed sponges, range from the Ordovician Arenig (ear- (p. 424). A Nidulites zone is mentioned. liest species Receptaculites calciferus Billings) to the Devonian Eifel (last species Sphaerospongia Fillman, Louise (Chairman, Lexicon Committee) tesselata (Phillips) and Receptaculites neptuni Defrance) (pp. 334, 339-340). Ischadites iowensis 1958. Lexicon of Pre-Pennsylvanian Strati- (Owen) is included in the group, and its analysis graphic Names of West Texas and South- as an alga by Kesling and Graham (1962) is cited. eastern New Mexico. West Texas Geological Calathium Billings, Amphispongia Salter, and Pi- Society, Midland, Texas, 153 pp., 6 maps. rania Walcott resemble receptaculitids and may A sponge, Calathium, is common in the Lower also be algae. Ordovician El Paso Formation (p. 50). 1970. The evolution and ecologic history of Palaeozoic Finks, Robert M. sponges during times; pp. 3-22, 1 5 text-figs. In Fry, W. G. (ed.), The Biology 1 960. Late Paleozoic faunas of the Texas sponge of the Porifera. Symposia of the Zoological The siliceous Bulletin of the region. sponges. Society of London, no. 25, 512 pp. American National Museum of Natural His- The Receptaculitida are shallow-water sponges tory, vol. 120, art. 1, 160 pp., 50 pis., 77 text- or algae that occur with algae and in reefs as con- figs. stituents of the Ordovician, Silurian, and Devo- to Silurian A Cambrian Calathium Billings 1865 nian shelly facies and as Ordovician reef builders; of uncertain affinities is excluded from the family they disappear after the Devonian (pp. 1 8-20, figs. Anthaspidellidae (p. 59). 13-15). Ordovician Nipterella Hinde 1889 and Aphrosalpingoidea Miagkova 1955 are listed (pp. 1967a. S. A. Miller's Paleozoic families sponge 7, 14). of 1889. Journal of Paleontology, vol. 41, no. 3, pp. 803-807. Finney, Stanley C, and Matthew H. Nitecki

1 979a. Galena oweni from S. A. Miller (1889) placed Pasceolus Billings in Receptaculites Upper family Pasceolidae Miller 1889, Cerionites Meek Mississippi River Valley. Abstracts with Pro- of vol. and Worthen and Receptaculites Defrance (= Se- grams, Geological Society America, lenoides Owen) in family Receptaculitidae Eich- 11, no. 5, p. 229. wald and Calathium in As- 1860, Billings family The distribution and description of a green alga, Zittel thus Miller tylospongiidae 1877; places Receptaculites oweni Hall, is given. Pasceolus, Cerionites, and Receptaculites with the Receptaculitida and Calathium with the Porifera 1 979b. Fisherites n. gen. reticulatus (Owen 1 844), (pp. 804-805). a new name for Receptaculites oweni Hall 1861. Journal of Paleontology, vol. 53, no. 3, 1967b. The structure of Saccospongia laxata pp. 750-753, 1 text-fig. Bassler and the of the (Ordovician) phylogeny Ordovician Orbitulitesl reticulata Owen 1844, Demospongea. Journal of Paleontology, vol. and Receptaculites oweni Hall 1861, are a single 41, no. 5, pp. 1 137-1 149, pis. 145-146, 5 text- species. Owen's name has priority. Since Orbitu- figs. lites was applied to a Jurassic coelenterate, Fish- F. Lower Ordovician Nipterella, which was re- erites n. gen. is erected to encompass reticulata ferred to the lithistid group Rhizomorina by Hinde (Owen 1844), F. occidental'is (Salter 1859), F. orbis (1889), is probably an anthaspidellid related to (Eichwald 1860), F. arcticus (Etheridge 1878), and F. and Fisherites Archaeoscyphia (p. 1145). camacho (Nitecki Forney 1978). is defined and compared with other receptaculi- 1967c. Porifera; pp. 333-341. In Harland, Wal- tids. ter B., and others (eds.), The Fossil Record. Fischer, Alfred G. A Symposium with Documentation Jointly Sponsored by the Geological Society of Lon- See: don and the Palaeontological Association. Moore, R. C, C. G. Lalicker, and A. G. Fi- Geological Society of London, 827 pp. scher, 1952.

56 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Osgood, R. G., Jr., and A. G. Fischer, 1960. dovician Cobourg (now Denley) Limestone in New York State (p. 57). Fisher, Daniel C, and Matthew H. Nitecki H. O. 1977. Life orientation and morphogenesis of re- Fletcher, Abstracts with Geo- ceptaculitids. Programs, 1971. Catalogue of type specimens of fossils in of vol. no. logical Society America, 9, 7, pp. the Australian Museum, Sydney. Memoirs of 974-975. the Australian Museum, 13, 167 pp.

New skeletal elements in are receptaculitids Hypotypes of Middle Devonian Receptaculites lacuna. In the added near the apical living posi- australis Salter from New South Wales are housed tion, the lacuna is uppermost and the nearly closed in the Australian Museum (p. 1 7). end is lowermost.

Flint, Arthur E. 1978. Morphology and arrangement of me- romes in Ischadites dixonensis, an Ordovician See: receptaculitid. Fieldiana: Geology, Field Mu- Agnew, A. F., A. E. Flint, and J. W. Ailing- seum of Natural History, vol. 39, no. 2, pp. ham, 1953. 17-31,4 text-figs. Agnew, A. F., A. E. Flint, and R. P. Crump- ton, 1954. Ischadites dixonensis (Miller and Gurley 1 896) Allingham, J. W., A. E. Flint, and A. F. Ag- from the Ordovician Galena Group of Illinois is new, 1955. described and illustrated. Ischadites iowensis, I. koenigii, I. barrandei, I. tenuis, and Receptaculites Flint, Arthur 1 .. and C. Ervin Brown neptuni are discussed and are compared with /. dixonensis. are believed to be al- Receptaculitids 1955. Geology and zinc-lead deposits in the Du- gae. rango area, Dubuque County, Iowa. United States Geological Survey Mineral Investiga- Daniel Jerome Fisher, tions Field Studies Map, MF-33, map and 1925. Geology and mineral resources of the Jo- text. liet Quadrangle. Illinois State Geological Sur- Receptaculites zones occur in the Middle Or- Bulletin 160 6 47 vey 51, pp., pis., text-figs., dovician Galena Dolomite in Dubuque County, 9 tables, 2 maps. Iowa (fig. 2, table 3, and text).

Calathium sp. is figured as a sponge from the

Silurian Niagaran Dolomite of Illinois (pi. 5, fig. Florin, Rudolf

1). 1929. Ueber einige Algen und Koniferen aus dem mittleren und oberen Zechstein. Sen- Fisher, Donald W. ckenbergiana, Band 11, no. 4, pp. 241-266,

1962. Correlation of the Ordovician rocks in 5 pis., 6 text-figs. New York State. New York State Museum The Permian alga Calathella n. gen. and C. and Science Service. Geological Survey Map kraeuseli n. sp. are figured and described from and Chart Series, no. 3, map with text. Germany (pp. 254-255, pi. 3, figs. 8-10; pi. 4, figs. Ordovician, Mohawkian Receptaculites in New 6-9). [This is not Calathella, nor a receptaculitid.] York State ranges from middle Wilderness to mid- dle Barneveld and Pasceolus occurs in globosus Flower, Rousseau H. the middle-upper Barneveld. 1953a. Road log for pre-field trip excursion 1977. Correlation of the Hadrynian, Cambrian, (Franklin Mountains and vicinity). Guide- and Ordovician rocks in New York State. New book of Southwestern New Mexico. Fourth York State Museum and Science Service. Field Conference. October 15-18, 1953. New Geological Survey Map and Chart Series, no. Mexico Geological Society, pp. 11-14. 25, 75 pp., 5 pis., 76 text-figs. Receptaculites from the Ordovician Montoya Pasceolus globosus is listed from the Middle Or- Group of New Mexico is reported (p. 1 3).

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 57 1953b. Franklin Mountains section. Guidebook Range, Nevada, is a stratigraphic marker. Several of Southwestern New Mexico. Fourth Field sponge horizons have also been called Receptac- Conference. October 15-18, 1953. New Mex- ulites horizons (pp. 106, 117-118, 145). ico Geological Society, pp. 15-17. 1965. Early Paleozoic of New Mexico; pp. 1 12- The Ordovician, Trentonian (?) Montoya Lime- 131,5 text-figs. In Fitzsimmons, J. Paul, and stone and Dolomite in southwestern New Mexico Christina Lochman-Balk (eds.), Guidebook of contains conspicuous Receptaculites (p. 1 6). Southwestern New Mexico II. New Mexico Geological Society. Sixteenth Field Confer- 1953c. Paleozoic sedimentary rocks of south- ence. October 1965. New Mexico Bureau of western New Mexico. Guidebook of South- Mines and Mineral Resources, 244 pp. western New Mexico. Fourth Field Confer- ence. October 15-18, 1953. New Mexico The Ordovician Red River fauna in the Upham Geological Society, pp. 106-1 12. Dolomite of the Second Value Formation (Mon- toya Group) in New Mexico contains large Re- Receptaculites is reported from the Ordovician ceptaculites. Similar faunas occur from New Mex- (late Trenton?) Upham Dolomite of the Montoya ico to Greenland, but the species differ (pp. 125- Group in New Mexico (p. 108). 1 26). Sphaerospongia (formerly ""Receptaculites")

occurs in the late Middle (?) Devonian Onate For- 1955. Pre-Pennsylvanian stratigraphy of south- mation of the Mud Springs Mountains, New Mex- ern New Mexico. Guidebook of South-Cen- ico (p. 128). tral New Mexico. Sixth Field Conference. No-

vember 1 1-13, 1955. New Mexico Geological 1968. Silurian cephalopods of James Bay low- Society, pp. 65-70. land, with a revision of the family Narthe- Receptaculites from a Red River fauna in the coceratidae. Geological Survey of Canada Ordovician Upham Dolomite of the Montoya Bulletin, 164, 88 pp., 34 pis. Group in southern New Mexico is reported (p. 68). Receptaculites from the Ordovician of King

William Island, Arctic Canada, is reported (p. 1 1 ). 1957. Studies of the Actinoceratida. New Mex- ico State Bureau of Mines and Mineral Re- 1969. Early Paleozoic of New Mexico and El sources Memoir, 2, 101 pp., 13 pis., 5 text- Paso region; pp. 31-103, 5 text-figs. In figs. LeMone, David V. (ed.), The Ordovician Receptaculites is common in the Middle Or- Symposium. Third Annual Field Trip. El Paso dovician Second Value Formation of the Montoya Geological Society, 1 26 pp. Group in New Mexico (p. 21) and in the Tren- Ordovician Receptaculites from the Upham Do- tonian Ordovician of Quebec (p. 40). lomite of the Montoya Group (p. 74) and the Sec- ond Value Formation (p. 80) of New Mexico, is 1 96 1 . Part I— Montoya and related colonial cor- listed. The receptaculitid Sphaerospongia is listed als; Part II— Organisms attached to Montoya from the Devonian Onate Formation of New corals. New Mexico State Bureau of Mines Mexico (p. 90). and Mineral Resources Memoir, 17, 124 pp., 10 text-figs. See also:

Receptaculites, a "real or supposed sponge," oc- Hintze, L. F., L. F. Braithwaite, D. L. Clark, curs in the Ordovician Second Value Formation R. L. Ethington, and R. H. Flower, 1969. of the Montoya Group in New Mexico (pp. 1 1- Kottlowski, F. E., R. H. Flower, M. L. 1 2). Arctic Receptaculites is mentioned (p. 43). Thompson, and R. W. Foster, 1956.

1964. The nautiloid order Ellesmeroceratida Fluegel, Helmut (Cephalopoda). New Mexico Bureau of Mines 1959. Zeapora Penecke 1894: Eine Dasyclada- and Mineral Resources Memoir, 12, 234 pp., ceen-Gattung aus dem Mittel-Devon von 32 pis., 53 text-figs. Graz. Neues Jahrbuch fuer Geologie und Pa- A Receptaculites horizon in the Ordovician lontologie Monatshefte Jahrgang 1959, no. 4, (Cassinian?) Pogonip Limestone in the Ely Springs pp. 145-152, 2 text-figs.

58 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY The dasycladacean Cyclocrininae are listed (p. Ontario and Manitoulin Island. Geological 150). Survey of Canada, pp. 84-89.

Receptaculites occidentalis Salter is reported from 1961. Receptaculites neptuni Defr. 1827 from the Ordovician Black River Limestones of Cloche the Upper Devonian of Kuh-i-Shotori, East- Island, Ontario, but is absent in the Trenton of Iran. Bulletin of the Iranian Petroleum Insti- Goat Island (pp. 86-87). tute, no. 4, pp. 75-81, 3 text-figs.

Upper Devonian Receptaculites neptuni from 1914. Notes on the Lorraine faunas of New York the Kuh-i-Shotori, East-Iran, is described and il- and the Province of Quebec. Bulletin of the lustrated and its distribution given (p. 78, figs. 1- Scientific Laboratories of Denison Universi-

3). ty, vol. 17, pp. 247-340, pis. 1-5.

Pasceolus globosus Billings from the Ordovician Foerste, August F. Point Pleasant Limestone of Ohio is illustrated (p.

1904. The Ordovician-Silurian contact in the 336; pi. 4, fig. 4). Ripley Island area of southern Indiana, with notes on the age of the Cincinnati geanticline. 1916. Notes on Cincinnatian fossil types. Bul- American Journal of Science, 4th sen, vol. 18, letin of the Scientific Laboratories of Denison

no. 107, pp. 321-342, pi. 17, 1 text-fig. University, vol. 18, pp. 285-355, pis. 1-8. = Pasceolus darwini Miller (? Astylospongia Pasceolus claudei Miller and P. tumidus James tumidus James) from the Bellevue bed of the Or- from the Cincinnatian Ordovician formations are dovician Maysville Formation in Kentucky is de- figured and described; they may be conspecific with scribed, illustrated, and compared with P. inter- P. darwini. Plate structures and markings of P. medins (pp. 303, 305; pi. 8, fig. 1). globosus suggest a closer relationship to P. halli than to P. darwini. Pasceolus globosus is removed 1910. Preliminary notes on Cincinnatian and from the list of fossils from Kentucky and Ohio Lexington fossils of Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky (pp. 287-290; pi. 3, figs. 1-2). Leptopoterion mam- and Tennessee. Bulletin of the Scientific Lab- miferum Ulrich from the Ordovician Maysville at

oratories of Denison University, vol. 1 6, pp. Cincinnati, Ohio, is described as a sponge (pp. 17-87, 6 pis. 291-292).

Pasceolus camdenensis n. sp. from Ohio is de- 1 920. The Kimmswick and Plattin Limestones scribed, figured, and compared with P. halli and of northeastern Missouri. Bulletin of the Sci- P. globosus (pp. 85-86; pi. 2, fig. 6). Pasceolus entific Laboratories of Denison University, darwini, P. gregarius, P. claudei, and P. interme- vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 175-224, pis. 21-23. dius are mentioned. Pasceolus may consist of two distinct genera. Receptaculites oweni is listed from the Ordo- vician Kimmswick Limestone south of Thebes, 1912. The Ordovician section in the Manitoulin Illinois, and from Ralls and northern Pike Coun-

area of Lake Huron. Ohio Naturalist, vol. 13, ties, Missouri (pp. 177, 186-187, 190). no. 2, pp. 37-48. 1921. Notes on Arctic Ordovician and Silurian Ordovician Receptaculites occidentalis is pres- cephalopods chiefly from Boothia Felix-King ent in the Black River Cloche Island beds but not William Land, Bache Peninsula, and Bear Is- in the overlying Trenton on Cloche and Goat Is- land. Bulletin of the Scientific Laboratories of lands in Lake Huron (pp. 40-41). Receptaculites Denison University, vol. 1 9, pp. 247-306, pis. occidentalis occurs in the Lower Trenton Curds- 27-35, 1 text-fig. ville of Kentucky. Receptaculites oweni Hall, Calathium sp., and 1913. The Mohawkian (Middle Ordovician) C. cf. pannosum Billings are listed from the Or- strata northeast of Manitoulin Island. Twelfth dovician of the North American Arctic and Bear International Geological Congress. Toronto, Island (pp. 247, 253). 1912. Guide Books of Excursions in Canada, no. 5, Excursions in the Western Peninsula of 1924. Upper Ordovician faunas of Ontario and

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 59 Quebec. Geological Survey of Canada, Mem- of the Scientific Laboratories of Denison oir 138, 255 pp., 46 pis., 14 text-figs. University, vol. 30, pp. 1-96, 22 pis.

Receptaculites oweni Hall, R. cf. oweni Hall, and Receptaculites cf. oweni is reported from the Or- Ischadites iowensis (Owen) from the Ordovician dovician Whitewood Formation near Medicine Black River Limestone are listed from various lo- Mountain, Wyoming (p. 10). calities on the Precambrian Shield (pp. 14-15). Receptaculites oweni, R. occidentalis, and R. cf. Foerste, August F., and Thomas E. Savage oweni Hall are mentioned in a discussion of the equivalency of Receptaculites-bearing formations 1927. Ordovician and Silurian cephalopods of in North America (pp. 17, 21). Calathium sp. and the Hudson Bay area. Bulletin of the Scientific C. cf. pannosum Billings are listed from Bear Is- Laboratories of Denison University, vol. 22, land (p. 18). pp. 1-107, pis. 1-24.

Receptaculites cf. oweni is listed from Ordovi- 1928. The cephalopods of Putnam Highland; cian Nelson-age (?) limestone north and northwest pp. 25-69, 1 1 pis. In Gould, Laurence M., of Gypsum Point, Great Slave Lake, Canada (p. August F. Foerste, and Russell C. Hussey, 20). Contributions to the geology of Foxe Land, Baffin Island. Contributions from the Mu- Robert Louis seum of Paleontology, University of Michi- Folk,

vol. no. 17 1 text- gan, 3, 3, pp. 19-76, pis., See: fig., 1 map. Barnes, V. E., P. E. Cloud, Jr., L. P. Dixon,

Receptaculites sp. from the Ordovician (Tren- R. L. Folk, E. C. Jones, A. R. Palmer, and ton?) Red River Formation has been identified E. J. Tynan, 1959. with R. neptuni Hall, R. occidentalis Salter, and R. R. oweni Hall but may be related to arcticus. Follmann, O. [Otto ?] Receptaculites pearyi from Cape Harrison and R. 1 885. G. J. Hinde: On the structure arcticus from Cape Louis Napoleon and Cape Fra- [Review of] and affinities of the of the Receptac- zer are mentioned (pp. 30-32). family ulitidae, including therein the genera Ischad- ites, Murchison; Tetragonis 1 929a. The Ordovician and Silurian of Amer- (= Eichwald) Pengelly; Acanthochonia gen. ican Arctic and sub-Arctic regions. Bulletin Sphaerospongia, nov. and Defrance the of the Scientific Laboratories of Denison Receptaculites, (From quarterly Journal ofgeol. soc. for Nov. 1884). University, vol. 24, pp. 27-79, pis. 2-3. Sitzungsberichte der niederrheinischen Ge- Receptaculites oweni from the Black River Fau- sellschaft fuer Natur- und Heilkunde in Bonn. na of Boothia Felix and Calathium sp. and C. cf. Verhandlungen des naturhistorischen Ver- from Canadian on Bear Is- pannosum exposures eines der preussischen Rheinlande, Westfa- land are listed (pp. 34, 58). lens und des Reg.-Bezirks Osnabrueck, 42 Jahrgang, pp. 16-28. 1929b. The cephalopods of the Red River For- mation of southern Manitoba. Bulletin of the This is a German summary of Hinde, G. J., Scientific Laboratories of Denison Universi- 1884.

ty, vol. 24, pp. 129-235, pis. 1 1-39. Fonin, Victor D. Ordovician Pasceolus gregarius, Receptaculites oweni, and Ischadites iowensis are listed from See: southern Manitoba 131 (p. ). Receptaculites oweni Zhuravleva, I. T., N. M. Zadorozhnaja, D. V. and /. iowensis occur in the Stewartville Forma- Osadchaja, N. V. Pokrovskaja, N. M. Ro- tion of Minnesota, the Red River Formation in dionova, and V. D. Fonin, 1967. Southern Manitoba and in Arctic and sub-Arctic

areas, which also may contain Ischadites sp. and Forney, Gerald G. R. arcticus (pp. 126-127). See: 1935. Bighorn and related cephalopods. Bulletin Nitecki, M. H., and G. G. Forney, 1978.

60 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Foster, Merrill Frederickson, E. A.

1973. Ordovician receptaculitids from Califor- 1 96 1 . Pre-Pennsylvanian rocks ofthe Canon City nia and their significance. Lethaia, vol. 6, no. area; pp. 133-142, 2 text-figs. In Berg, Robert 1, pp. 35-65, 13 text-figs. R., and John W. Rold (eds.), Symposium on Lower and Middle Paleozoic Rocks of Col- Middle Ordovician from the receptaculitids orado. Twelfth Field Conference. South Cen- Grapevine Mountains of Eastern California are tral Colorado. Rocky Mountain Association highly variable intrapopulational variants of a sin- of Geologists. 236 pp. gle species and are tentatively assigned to Ischad- ites mammillaris (Walcott 1884). The variation is The Upper Ordovician Fremont Formation in due to differences in the microenvironment and the Canon City area of Colorado contains Recep- to the presence of several ontogenetic stages. Re- taculites (?) and R. oweni Hall (pp. 138-139). cent interpretations that regard the closed extrem- ity of the receptaculitid as the growing end are Freeman, Tom incorrect. Ischadites mammillaris and other re- [1966?]. Fossils of Arkansas: An Introduction ceptaculitids are described and tentatively consid- to Paleontology Illustrated with Common ered sponges. Fossils of Arkansas. Arkansas Geological Commission, 53 pp., 12 pis., numerous text- Foster, Roy W. figs., map. See: Receptaculites is illustrated as a sponge from Kottlowski, F. E., R. H. Flower, M. L. Kimmswick Limestone of northern Arkansas (p. Thompson, and R. W. Foster, 1956. 22; pi. 2, fig. 1).

Fraas, Eberhard Fritsch, F. E. 1910. Der Petrefactensammler. Ein Leitfaden 1948. The Structure and Reproduction of the zum Sammeln und Bestimmen der Verstei- Algae. Volume 1. Introduction, Chlorophy- Deutschlands. K. G. Lutz' nerungen Verlag, ceae, Xanthophyceae, Chrysophyceae, Bac- 249 72 139 Stuttgart, pp., pis., text-figs. cilariophyceae, Cryptophyceae, Dinophy- ceae, Silurian and Devonian Receptaculitidae are de- Chloromonadineae, Euglenineae, Colourless scribed as corals. Upper Devonian Receptaculites Flagellata. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 791 pp., 245 text-figs. neptuni from Silesia is figured (p. 61, fig. 38).

Ordovician Coelosphaeridium is a dasyclada- Fraunfelter, G. H. ceous alga, and C. cyclocrinophilum Roemer is

figured (pp. 398-399, 439, fig. 128). See:

Unfer, L., Jr., and G. H. Fraunfelter, 1973. Fritz, W. H.

Freeh, Fritz See: Aitken, J. D., W. H. Fritz, and B. S. Norford, 1897. Lethaea oder geognostica Beschreibung 1972. und Abbildung der fuer die Gebirgs-Forma- tionen bezeichnendsten Versteinerungen. I. Furnish, William M. Theil. Lethaea Palaeozoica. Z. Band. 1. Lie- ferung. E. Schweitzer-bart'sche Verlagshand- See: lung (E. Koch), Stuttgart, 256 pp., 13 pis., 31 Miller, A. K., and W. M. Furnish, 1937 and text-figs., 3 maps, tables. 1954.

Receptaculites occurs in the Lower Silurian [Or- Gabrielse, Hubert, S. L. Blusson, and J. A. Rod- dovician] Eureka Formation of Nevada and the dick lower Upper Devonian Frasnian, Fr2 of Belgium (pp. 43, 176). The Lower Silurian [Ordovician] 1973. Geology of Flat River, Glacier Lake, and Receptaculites limestone of Missouri is mentioned Wrigley Lake Map-areas, District of Mac- (pp. 82, 87, table 5). Kenzie and Yukon Territory. Geological Sur-

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 61 vey of Canada, Memoir 366; part I: 153 pp., taculites is a well-known Devonian (?) fossil (p. 45 pis., 18 text-figs., 4 tables, 3 maps; part II: 696). 268 pp. See also: Receptaculites sp. is listed from the basal mem- Geikie, A., 1885 and 1893. ber of the Middle Ordovician Sunblood formation in the District of MacKenzie and the Yukon Ter- 1 885. Text-book ofGeology, 2nd ed. Macmillan ritory (pt. I, pp. 52-53, 57, fig. 16; pt. II, pp. 130, and Co., London, 992 pp., 439 text-figs. 138). This is similar to Geikie, A., 1 883. [In addition] occurs in the Lower Silurian Galloway, J. J. Sphaerospongia [Or- dovician] Bala Limestone and Nidulites favus in 1957. Structure and classification of the Stro- the Silurian Lower Llandovery Group of England matoporoidea. Bulletin of American Paleon- (pp. 661,668, 695). tology, vol. 37, no. 164, pp. 339-480, 37 pis.,

1 table. See also: Geikie, A., 1882 and 1893. Ordovician or doubtfully Lower Silurian Re- ceptaculites is listed from Gornaya Shoria, west 1893. Textbook of Geology, 3rd ed. Macmillan Siberia [from Radugin 1936] (p. 427). and Co., London, 1 147 pp., 471 text-figs.

Gans, William T. The entry on receptaculitids (pp. 741, 779) is similar to Geikie, A., 1882 and 1885. 1974. Correlation and redefinition of the Good- southern Nevada and springs Dolomite, Geinitz, [Franz] Eugen eastern California. Bulletin of the Geological 1888. Receptaculitidae und andere Spongien der Society of America, vol. 85, pp. 189-200, 9 mecklenburgischen Silurgeschiebe. Zeit- text-figs. schrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesell- R. Receptaculites, oweni, and the pleosponge schaft. Berlin, Band 40, pp. 17-23, 3 text-figs. Calathium (?) from the Mountain Springs For- Lower Silurian [Ordovician through Devonian] mation of Red Rock Canyon, Nevada, are listed receptaculitids from the glacial erratics of Ger- (pp. 196-198). The formational name "Mountain many and Poland are discussed. Ischadites is iden- Springs" is new; the postulated Middle to Upper tical to Receptaculites. Receptaculites aff. Ischa- Ordovician age of the formation is based, in part, dites koenigi Murchison is illustrated and compared on the receptaculitid specimens found therein. with R. neptuni Defrance, R. jonesi Billings, R. bronni Eichwald, /. koenigi Murchison, and /. tes- Garwood, E. J. selatus Winchell and Marcy. Cyclocrinus spaski 1913. On the important part played by calcar- Eichwald and Coelosphaeridium cyclocrinophilum eous algae at certain geological horizons, with Roemer are described as sponges. Hinde's (1884) special reference to the Palaeozoic rocks. Geo- interpretation that receptaculitids are sponges is logical Magazine, n. ser., Dec. 5, vol. 10, upheld. no. 11, pp. 490-498; no. 12, pp. 545-553, table 2. Genot, Patrick

Ordovician Cyclocrinus and Apidium are listed See: as members of Dasycladaceae from the Baltic Bassoullet, J.-P., P. Bernier, R. Deloffre, P. M. A.-F. and G. Provinces (p. 494, table 2). Genot, Jaffrezo, Poignant, Segonzac, 1975 and 1977. P. R. P. Geikie, Archibald Bassoullet, J.-P., Bernier, Deloffre, Genot, M. Jaffrezo, and D. Vachard, 1979. 1882. Text-book of Geology. Macmillan and Co., London, 971 pp., 435 text-figs. Gerhard, Lee C.

Silurian [and Ordovician] Ischadites, Receptac- 1968. Pre-Pennsylvanian sediments, Canon City ulites, and Nidulites may be foraminifers. Am- embayment, Colorado. Mountain Geologist, phispongia is a Silurian sponge (p. 663). Recep- vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 109-1 14, 2 text-figs.

62 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY The Ordovician, Cincinnatian Fremont Lime- of the Royal Society of Victoria, Melbourne,

stone in the Canon City embayment of Colorado n. ser., vol. 54, no. 1, art. 3, pp. 21-52, pis. contains a shallow marine benthic (subtropical?) 4-6.

fauna, including Receptaculites and Ischadites (?) A Lower Devonian hexactinellid sponge, Re- (p. 113). ceptaculites australis Salter, from Mooroolbark, New is described and illustrated Gerk, Arthur J. Zealand, (p. 35; pi. 5, figs. 2, 4-5). See: Levorson, C. O., and A. J. Gerk, 1972 and Girty, George Herbert 1975. 1895 [1897]a. A revision of the sponges and Gerk, Arthur J., and Calvin O. Levorson coelenterates of the Lower Helderberg Group of New York. New York State Museum, 48th 1972. Revision of Galena stratigraphy. Geolog- Annual Report of the Regents, 1894. Volume ical Society of Iowa. Field Trip. 10 pp., 1 text- 2. University of the State of New York, Al- fig., 1 map. bany, New York, pp. 259-321, 7 pis., 1 table. The Ordovician Galena Group in Winneshiek RaufTs 1888 discussion of Is- County, Iowa, contains Receptaculites oweni zones Receptaculites, in the Sinsinawa and Stewartville Members of the chadites, and Polygonosphaerites as summarized Nicholson and is Wise Lake Formation and in the Fairplay and by Lydekker (1889) reprinted. Mortimer Members of the Dunleith Formation. Receptaculites infundibuliformis (= R. monticu- An Ischadites iowensis zone occurs in the Rivoli latus Hall) from the Lower Helderberg Group of and Sherwood Members of the Dunleith Forma- the Helderberg Mountains, New York, is de- scribed and illustrated. and Ischa- tion (pp. 3, 8, text-fig.). Receptaculites dites are subspherical and inclosed. Receptaculites Giebel, Christoph [Gottfried Andreas] was originally calcareous, probably aragonitic. Re-

ceptaculites oweni (pi. 6, figs. 1-4) and R. neptuni 1866. Petrefacta Germaniae, tarn ea, quae in are described and compared with R. infundibuli- Museo Universitatis regiae borussicae Fri- formis (pp. 284-287). The characteristics dericiae Wilhelmiae rhenanae servantur quam generic of Receptaculites and Ischadites, sponges of un- alia quaecunque in museis hoeninghusiano certain position, are discussed (pp. 270-287; pi. muensteriano aliisque extant, iconibus et des- 2, figs. 4-6; pi. 3, figs. 1-7; pi. 6, figs. 1-4). criptionibus illustrata. Repertorium zu Gold- fuss' Petrefacten Deutschlands. Ein Ver- See also: zeichniss aller Synonymen und literavirschen Girty, G. H., 1895 [1897]b. Nachweise zu den von Goldfuss obgebildeten Arten. Leipzig, 122 pp. 1895 [1897]b. A revision of the sponges and sulcata Goldfuss and C. Coscinopora placenta coelenterates of the Lower Helderberg Group Goldfuss are of synonyms Receptaculites neptuni of New York. Fourteenth Annual Report of Bronn and Heliolites M. re- placenta Edwards, the State Geologist for the Year 1894. James spectively. B. Lyon, State Printers, Albany, New York,

pp. 259-321, 7 pis., 1 table. Giles, Albert W. This is identical to Girty, G. H., 1895 [1897]a. 1927. The geology of Little North Mountain in northern Virginia and West Virginia. Journal Glenister, Brian F. of Geology, vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 32-57, 5 text-

figs. 1963a. Burnett Inlet; pp. 179-184, columnar sects. 17-18. In Yves Oscar Ge- Nidulites characterizes one faunal division ofthe Fortier, (ed.), of the north-central of the Arctic Ordovician Chambersburg Limestone in northern ology part Archipelago, Northwest Territories (Opera- Virginia (p. 44). tion Franklin). Geological Survey of Canada, Gill, Edmund D. Memoir 320, 671 pp.

1942. On the thickness and age of the type Yer- Middle Ordovician Receptaculites sp. is listed ingian strata, Lilydale, Victoria. Proceedings from the upper limestone member of the Corn-

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 63 wallis Formation at Burnett Inlet south of Devon go ordovika vostochnogo Kazakhstana (128- Island, Northwest Territories (p. 183). paleontologija i stratigrafija). Avtoreferat dissertatsii, predstavlennoi na soiskanie uche- 1963b. Sydkap Fiord; pp. 284-292, text-fig. 15, noi stepeni kandidata geologo-mineralogi- 1 table. In Fortier, Yves Oscar (ed.), Geology cheskih nauk. Novosibirskii gosudarstvennyi of the north-central part of the Arctic Archi- Universitet. Novosibirsk, 32 pp., 1 table. pelago, Northwest Territories (Operation Ordovician, Carboniferous, and Permian Franklin). Geological Survey of Canada, sphaerical dasycladaceous algae of tribe Cyclocri- Memoir 320, 671 pp. neae are described and listed from Ordovician Receptaculites sp. is listed from the Ordovician Lower Upper Caradoc of West Kazakhstan and Cornwallis Formation at Sydkap Fiord along the from the Ordovician of the Baltic area. Apidium south coast of Ellesmere Island, Northwest Ter- Stolley 1896, A. parvulum n. sp., Mastopora Eich- ritories (p. 290). wald 1840, and M. nana n. sp. are listed. Apidium parvum n. sp. and Mastopora nana are listed from See also: the Upper Ordovician (Upper Caradocian) of Ka- and B. F. 1963. Thorsteinsson, R., Glenister, zakhstan (pp. 7, 9-10, 18, 27, 30, table 1).

Glenister, Brian F., and Raymond Thorsteinsson 1969. Calcareous algae from the Middle and 1963. Herschel Bay and Rigby Bay; pp. 195— Upper Ordovician of east Kazakhstan; pp. 187-193. In William A. S. 201, text-fig. 5, 1 table, columnar sect. 19. In Sarjeant, (ed.), Fossil of the USSR. Translated G. Fortier, Yves Oscar (ed.), Geology ofthe north- Algae by central part of the Arctic Archipelago, North- K. Beedle. National Lending Library for Sci- west Territories (Operation Franklin). Geo- ence and Technology, Boston Spa, Yorkshire, logical Survey of Canada, Memoir 320, 671 England, 243 pp. pp. This is an English translation of Gnilovskaya, Receptaculites sp. is listed from the Ordovician M. B., 1967. Cornwallis Formation on the south coast ofDevon

Island, Northwest Territories (p. 198). 1972. Izvestkovye vodorosli srednego i pozdne- go ordovika vostochnogo Kazakhstana [The Gnilovskaja, Marina Borisovna calcareous algae of the Middle and the Late Ordovician of eastern Akade- See: Kazakhstan]. mia Nauk SSSR. Institut Geologii i Geo- Gnilovskaya, Marina Borisovna. khronologii Dokembria Leningrad, 195 pp., 15 58 numerous tables. Gnilovskaya, Marina Borisovna pis., text-figs.,

The following Ordovician Dasycladales (family 1967. Izvestkovye vodorosli srednego i pozd- Cyclocrineae) from the Baltic region are discussed: ordovika Kazakhstana; nego vostochnogo pp. Coelosphaeridium Roemer, C. cyclocrinophilum 1 14-117. /« Vozzhennikova, T. F., Z. I. Gle- Roemer, C. excavatum Stolley, C. wesenbergense zer, A. P. Zhuze (chief ed.), V. N. Saks, V. S. Stolley, C. conwentzianum Kiesov, C. kohtlense Zhezhukova-Poretzkaya (eds.), Iskopaemye Bekker, Mastopora Eichwald, M. fava Salter, M. Vodorosli SSSR. Akademia Nauk SSSR, Si- parva Nicholson & Etheridge, M. pyriformis Bas- birskoe Otdelenie Instituta Geologii i Geofi- sler, M. odini Stolley, M. concava Eichwald, Cy- ziki, Nauka, Moskva, 147 pp. clocrinus Eichwald, C. spaskii Eichwald, C. jev- C. C. Mastopora n. sp. and Apidium n. sp. are found ensis Moskalenko, porosus Stolley, planus in the lower part of the Upper Ordovician Upper Stolley, C. roemeri Stolley, C. balticus Stolley, C. Caradoc in east Kazakhstan. Their stratigraphic mickwitzi Stolley, C. schmidti Stolley, Apidium and geographic distributions are discussed. Stolley, A. krausei (Kiesov), A. sororis Stolley, A. pygmaeum Stolley, A. indicum Reed, and A. ro- See also: tundum Hoeg; Ischadites Murchison and /. iowen- Gnilovskaya, M. B., 1969. sis (Owen) (Dasycladaceae according to other au- thors) are discussed (pp. 9-1 1, 13-14, 26-28, 34- 1968. Izvestkovye vodorosli srednego i pozdne- 35, 38, 67-72, 145-146, 159, 165, 167). Coelo-

64 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY sphaeridium Roemer (text-fig. 8), Cyclocrinus chreibungen der Petrefacten Deutschlands und Eichwald (text-fig. 9), Mastopora Eichwald (text- der angraenzenden Laender, unter Mitwir- figs. 10, 31), M. nana n. sp. (text-fig. 30, pi. 4, fig. kung des Herrn grafen Georg zu Muenster,

3), Apidium Stolley, and A. parvulum n. sp. (text- hrsg. von August Goldfuss. Zweite Auflage, fig. 29, pi. 4, fig. 2) from Kazakhstan are described Erster Theil, List und Franche, Leipzig, 3 vol. and figured. in 1, 234 pp., Atlas, 199 pis.

The section on Coscinopora is identical to Gold- See also: fuss, G. A., 1826. Nikitin, I. F., M. B. Gnilovskaja, I. T. Zhu- ravleva, V. A. Luchinina, and E. I. Miag- kova, 1974. Goldring, Winifred

1931. Handbook of Paleontology for Beginners Gobbett, D. J. and Amateurs. Part 2. The Formations. New See: York State Museum Handbook 10, 488 pp., Jones, C. R., D. J. Gobbett, and T. Kobayashi, 62 text-figs. 1966. The Ordovician plant Receptaculites is de- scribed from the Silurian Clinton beds of New Goeppert, H. R. York (pp. 259, 309). See: H. H. R. and H. V. Bronn, G., Goeppert, 1935. Geology of the Berne Quadrangle. Bul- 1848 and 1849. Meyer, letin of the New York State Museum (of Nat- ural History), Albany, New York, 303, 238 Goldfuss, [Georg] August pp.

1 826-1 833. Petrefacta Germaniae, tarn ea, quae Species of calcareous algae Receptaculites and in Museo Universitatis borussicae Fri- regiae Ischadites are present in the Lower Devonian New dericiae Wilhelmiae rhenanae servantur quam Scotland Limestone near Clarksville, New York alia quaecunque in museis hoeninghusiano (p. 109). muensteriano aliisque extant, iconibus et des- criptionibus illustrata. Abbildungen und Bes- 1943. Geology of the Coxsackie Quadrangle, chreibungen der Petrefacten Deutschlands und New York. Bulletin of the New York State der angraenzenden Laender, unter Mitwir- Museum (of Natural History), 332, 374 pp., kung des Herrn grafen Georg zu Muenster, 71 text-figs., 3 maps. hrsg. von August Goldfuss. Band I, Lieferung I. Arns & Comp., Duesseldorf, 76 pp., 25 pis. Ischadites bursiformis Hall from the Devonian Schoharie Grit of the Schoharie-Helderberg area Coscinopora placenta n. sp. [Receptaculites nep- is listed as a plant (p. 213). "Receptaculites" in- tuni ?] from the Uebergangskalke, probably from fundibuliformis (Eaton) Hall from the upper shaly Eifel, and C. sulcata [Receptaculites neptuni ?] from limestone member of the Devonian New Scotland the Jurassic [sic], probably from Switzerland [sic] Formation in the Catskill area is listed as a sea- are described and figured as sponges or corals. Oth- weed (p. 165). er species of Coscinopora, including the lectotype, C. infundibuliformis, are described, but they are and Elso S. not receptaculitids. Golubic, Stjepko, Barghoorn

1977. Interpretation of microbial fossils with See also: special reference to the Precambrian; pp. 1- Goldfuss, G. A., 1862. 14, 5 text-figs. In Fluegel, Erik (ed.), Fossil Algae: Recent Results and Developments. 1862. Petrefacta Germaniae, tarn ea, quae in Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 375 pp., numerous Museo Universitatis regiae borussicae Fri- figs. dericiae Wilhelmiae rhenanae servantur quam alia quaecunque in museis hoeninghusiano Cell division may result in the formation of muensteriano aliisque extant, iconibus et des- hollow balls as in the cyanophyte [sic] Coelosphae-

criptionibus illustrata. Abbildungen und Bes- ridium (p. 9).

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 65 Gosselet, Jules Auguste Alexandre buckle and Wichita Mountains of Oklahoma (p. 14). 1880. Esquisse Geologique de Departement du Nord de la France et des Contrees Voisines. Gould, Stephen Jay, and Michael Katz Fascicule 1 . Terrains Primaires [2nd ed.]. So- ciete Geologique du Nord, Lille, 168 pp., 22 1 975. Disruption of ideal geometry in the growth pis. [The first edition published in Lille, 1 87 1- of receptaculitids: a natural experiment in

theoretical vol. 1 1876, was not seen.] morphology. Paleobiology, ,

no. 1, pp. 1-20, 12 text-figs., 4 tables. Receptaculites neptuni is a guide fossil for the life intercalation of lower Upper Devonian Frasnian (pp. 96-98, pi. Morphogenesis, orientation, and taxonomic affinities of re- 4, fig. 24). facets, morphology ceptaculitids, particularly Ischadites barrandei, are described. Ischadites mammalians Gothan, Walther, and Hermann Weyland [sic] (Ordovi- cian, California), /. abbottae, and /. koenigi are 1954. Lehrbuch der Palaeobotanik. Akademie- mentioned. Ischadites barrandei and /. hemi- Verlag, Berlin, 535 pp., 450 text-figs. sphaericus are figured.

Cyclocrineae from the Baltic region, consisting Grabau, Amadeus W. of Silurian [Ordovician] Cyclocrinus and Coelo- sphaeridium, are described and Cyclocrinus is fig- 1906. Guide to the geology and paleontology of ured (pp. 48-49, fig. 31). the Schoharie Valley in eastern New York. Bulletin of the New York State Museum (of Gottsche, Carl Natural History), 92 (Paleontology 13), pp. 77-386, 24 pis., 225 text-figs. 1883. Die Sedimentaer-Geschiebe der Provinz Ischadites Hall from the Schleswig-Holstein. Yokohama, 66 pp., 2 squamifer [Devonian] Lower Series of the Schoharie maps. Helderberg region, New York, and /. bursiformis Hall from the Scho- Receptaculites orbis, R. cf. bronnii, Mastopora harie Grit in Albany County, New York, are listed concava, Cyclocrinus spasskii, and Ischadites cf. as bryozoans (pp. 324-325). koenigi are found in Ordovician glacial erratics in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany (pp. 15, 19, 21). 1913. Preliminary report on the fauna of the Dundee Limestone of southern Michigan. 1886. [Review of] Ferd. Roemer: Lethaea er- Michigan Geological and Biological Survey ratica oder Aufzaehlung und Beschreibung der Publications, 12 (Geological Series 9), Lan- in der norddeutschen Ebene vorkommenden sing, Michigan, pp. 327-378, 1 text-fig., 2 ta- Diluvialgeschiebe nordischer Sedimentaer- bles. geschiebe. (Dames und Kayser, Palaeontolog. Receptaculites devonicus Whitfield is listed from Abhandl. 2. Band Heft 5. Berlin 1885. 4°, 173 the Middle Devonian Columbus Limestone of p. c. 11 Taf. und 3 Holzschn.). Neues Jahr- Ohio (p. 328). buch fuer Mineralogie, Geologie und Pa- laeontologie. Jahrgang 1 886, 1 Band, pp. 457- 1916. Comparison of American and European 460. Lower Ordovicic formations. Bulletin of the Coelosphaeridium cyclocrinophilum from the Geological Society of America, vol. 27, pp. Backsteinkalk in Holstein is compared with Cy- 555-622, 10 text-figs. clocrinus and Receptaculites (p. 458). Canadian Calathium anstedti [sic] Billings, C.

(?) pannosum Billings, Receptaculites calciferus Charles and Charles E. Decker Gould, N., Billings, and R. elegantulus Billings from the Dur- ness Limestone of Scotland are listed as sponges 1925. Index to the stratigraphy of Oklahoma. (p. 566). Nidulites favus (Salter) is listed from the Oklahoma Geological Survey Bulletin 35, 115 Ordovician of North America 577). pp. (p.

Ischadites iowensis is listed from the upper part 1920. A Comprehensive Geology. Part II. His- of the Ordovician Simpson Formation in the Ar- torical Geology. D. C. Heath and Co., Boston,

66 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY New York, and Chicago, 976 pp., text-figs. 1937. Palaeozoic Formations in the Light of the 735-1980, pis. and charts. Pulsation Theory. Volume 3. Cambrovician Pulsation. Part 2. Appalachian, Palaeocordil- Receptaculites, an Ordovician sponge of doubt- lerian, Pre-Andean, Himalayan and Cathay- 1 ful affinity, is described (pp. 30 , 548). Receptac- sian Geosynclines. National University of ulites oweni from the Galena Limestone and a gen- Peking Press, Peking, 850 pp., 58 text-figs., eralized Receptaculites are figured (fig. 1126, p. numerous plates and charts. 300; fig. 1478, p. 546). The following Ordovician sponges are listed: See also: Calathium from the Roubidoux and Jefferson City Grabau, A. W., 1921. Formations in Missouri and from the Sarbach For- mation in the Clearwater Canyon section of Can- 1921. A Textbook of Part II. Histori- Geology. ada; C. frechi Endo from the Fengtien Wolungian cal Geology. D. C. Heath and Co., Boston, (Canadian) in Manchuria; Calathium sp. from the New York, 976 735- Chicago, pp., text-figs. Canadian Odenville in Appalachia, the Jefferson 1980, and charts. pis. City and Cotter Limestones in Missouri, and the This is identical to Grabau, A. W., 1920. Sarbach Formation in the Canadian Rockies; Re- ceptaculites (?) and a Receptaculites-Mke form from 1936. Palaeozoic Formations in the Light of the the Sarbach Formation in the Clearwater Canyon Pulsation Theory. Volume 2. Cambrovician section, Canada; Receptaculites sp. from the Sar- Pulsation. Part 1. Caledonian and St. Law- bach Formation in the Sinclair Canyon section, rence Geosynclines. National University of Canada; and Pasceolus mellijluus from the Cam-

Peking Press, Peking, 751 pp., 1 pi., 42 text- brovician [Ordovician] Spiti region, Himalaya (pp.

figs. 142, 222-223, 260, 395, 571, 644, 672).

The following Ordovician sponges are listed: 1938. Palaeozoic Formations in the Light of the Nipterella paradoxica Billings from the Canadian Pulsation Theory. Volume IV. Ordovician Romaine in the Mingan Islands; Calathium affine Pulsation. Part I. Ordovician Formations of Billings from the Canadian Beekmantown in the Caledonian Geosyncline, with a Review Western Newfoundland; C. (?) passuosum [sic] Bil- and Summary of the Skiddavian Pulsation lings from the Trematodian; C. (?) pannosum Bil- System. Henri Vetch, Peking, 941 pp., 67 text- lings from the Skye in Scotland, Point Lewis, Ca- figs., 13 tables. nadian in Newfoundland, Lewis Beds in the St. Lawrence area and on Bear Island; C. anstedi Bil- The following Ordovician fossils are listed among lings from the Canadian Beekmantown in New- sponges from various British, Norwegian and Es- foundland and from the Durness Limestone in tonian localities: Cyclocrinites spasskii (= C roe- northwestern Scotland; C. anstedti [sic] Billings meri), Ischadites micropora (bryozoan), Masto- from the Balnakiel and Skye Groups in Scotland pora concava, Nidulites favus, Receptaculites and from the Ordovician in Newfoundland; C eichwaldi and R. orbis (pp. 269, 301, 337, 681, formosum Billings from the Beekmantown (Ca- 722-724, 726, 734, 741, 796). nadian) in Western Newfoundland; C. cf. panno- sum Billings and Calathium sp. from the Hecla- Grabau, Amadeus W .. and Hervey W. Shimer hook Series on Bear Island; Receptaculites calciferus 1906a. North American index fossils. Columbia Billings from the Canadian Romaine on Mingan University School of Mines Quarterly, vol. Island, from the Skye and the Durness Limestone 27, pp. 138-243, 175 text-figs. in Scotland, and from the Beekmantown in the St. Lawrence area; R. elegantulus Billings from the This is identical to the first section of Grabau, Canadian Romaine on Mingan Island, from the A. W., and H. W. Shimer, 1909, except for pagi- Beekmantown in the St. Lawrence area and from nation. the Skye and Durness in southwestern Scotland; Receptaculites sp. from Table Head and the Ca- See also: nadian Beekmantown in western Newfoundland; Grabau, A. W., and H. W. Shimer, 1906b. and Nidulites from the Trenton in northern Ap- palachia (pp. 376, 497, 500, 549, 555, 575, 639, 1906b. North American Index Fossils. Part 1. 670). Protozoa, Porifera, Hydrozoa, and Anthozoa.

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 67 New Era Printing Co., Lancaster, Pennsyl- Wisconsin with an atlas of detailed maps. vania, 106 pp., 175 text-figs. Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey Bulletin, 14 (Economic ser. 9), 100 This is identical to the first section of Grabau, pp., 26 pis., 10 text-figs. A. W., and H. W. Shimer, 1909, except for pagi- nation. The coral Receptaculites oweni is reported from the Ordovician Platteville (Trenton) and is par- See also: ticularly abundant in two zones of the Galena Grabau, A. W., and H. W. Shimer, 1906a. Limestone of Wisconsin (pp. 37, 43-44).

1909. North American Index Fossils. Inverte- Grant, Ulysses Sherman, and Ernest F. Burchard brates. Volume 1 . A. G. Seiler and Co., New 1907. of the Lancaster and Mineral York, New York, 853 pp., 1210 text-figs. Description Point Quadrangles. Geological Atlas of the The following are described: Ordovi- sponges United States, United States Geological Sur- cian oweni Hall 28) from the Receptaculites (fig. vey, Lancaster-Mineral Point Folio, no. 145, Galena Limestone of Illinois, Iowa, and Wiscon- 14 pp., 1 1 text-figs., 2 maps. sin; R. matnmillaris Walcott from the Pogonip Group (= Chazy) in Nevada; and R. (Ischadites) Receptaculites oweni, present throughout the Ordovician Galena Limestone but iowensis (Owen) (fig. 30) from the Galena Lime- particularly stone of Iowa, Wisconsin, and Minnesota; and Si- abundant in upper and lower zones, is reported lurian Niagaran R. hemisphaericus Hall from Wis- from the Lancaster and Mineral Point Quadran- of extreme southwestern Wisconsin consin and R. ohioensis Hall and Whitfield (fig. gles (pp. 5-7). 29) from Ohio (pp. 18-19). Grant, Ulysses Sherman, and M. J. Perdue See also: 1908. Milbrig sheet of the lead and zinc district Grabau, A. W., and H. W. Shimer, 1 906a and of northwestern Illinois. Illinois State Geo- 1906b. logical Survey Bulletin 8, pp. 335-343, 1 pi.,

1 1 1910. North American Index Fossils. Inverte- text-fig., map.

brates. Volume 2. A. G. Seiler and Co., New Receptaculites oweni is a common fossil in the 909 1211- York, New York, pp., text-figs. Ordovician Galena Limestone (p. 339). 1937.

Upper Ordovician Receptaculites iowensis and Gray, John Edward R. oweni of the Upper Mississippi Valley, Lower 1867. Notes on the arrangement of sponges, with Ordovician R. mammillaris of the Pacific prov- the description of some new genera. Proceed- ince, and Lower Silurian R. hemisphaericus and ings of the Zoological Society of London, pp. R. ohioensis from the Michigan Basin are listed as 492-558, pis. 27-28. Porifera (pp. 667, 674). Sphaerospongia is within an order of siliceous Graham, Alan sponges (Geodiadae and Placospongiadae) (p. 504).

See: 1872. Notes on the classification of the sponges. Kesling, R. V., and A. Graham, 1962. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, in- Botany, and Geology, vol. Grant, Ulysses Sherman cluding Zoology, 9, 4th ser., xlviii, Taylor and Francis, London, 1905. Zinc and lead deposits of southwestern pp. 442-461. Wisconsin. Bulletin of the United States Geo- Order is described as a sponge logical Survey, 260, pp. 304-310. Sphaerospongia (pp. 443-444, 459). The coral Receptaculites oweni Hall occurs in the Ordovician Galena Limestone of the lead and Gray, Robert, [and J. Young] zinc region of Wisconsin (p. 307). 1869. Specimens exhibited, January 7th, 1868. 1906. Report on the lead and zinc deposits of Proceedings (and Transactions) of the Natural

68 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY History Society of Glasgow, vol. 1, part 1, pp. Greiner, H. R. 197-198. 1963a. Haughton Dome and area southwest of

A rare cystidean, Ischadites kanigii [sic], from Thomas Lee Inlet; pp. 208-216, text-fig. 7, the Silurian of the Girvan district in Ayrshire, columnar sect. 21. In Fortier, Yves Oscar (ed.), Scotland, is exhibited. Geology of the north-central part ofthe Arctic Archipelago, Northwest Territories (Opera- tion of Greacen, Katherine F. Franklin). Geological Survey Canada, Memoir 320, 671 pp. See: Receptaculites cf. arcticus from the upper car- Ball, J. R., and K. F. Greacen, 1946. bonate member of the Ordovician Cornwallis For-

mation and Receptaculites sp. from the Arctic Or- Greacen, Katherine I .. and John R. Ball dovician fauna of the upper Cornwallis or lower 1944. Studies of Silurian fossils in the Thomas Allen Bay Formation are found on northern Dev- A. Greene Collection at Milwaukee-Downer on Island (pp. 211-212, columnar sect. 21). College. Transactions of the Wisconsin Acad- 1963b. Boat co- emy of Sciences, Arts and Letters, vol. 36, pp. Point; pp. 216-219, text-fig. 8, 415-419. lumnar sect. 22. In Fortier, Yves Oscar (ed.), Geology of the north-central part of the Arctic The and Ce- sponges Receptaculites, Ischadites, Archipelago, Northwest Territories (Opera- rionites are in rocks of present Silurian, Niagaran tion Franklin). Geological Survey of Canada, Cook Illinois County, (p. 418). Memoir 320, 67 1 pp.

Receptaculites sp. is listed from the upper do- 1946. Silurian invertebrate fossils from Illinois lomite member of the Upper Ordovician Allen in the Thomas A. Greene Memorial Museum Bay Formation near Boat Point on the north coast at Milwaukee-Downer College. Milwaukee- of Devon Island, Northwest Territories (p. 218, Downer College Bulletin, 6 1 pp. columnar sect 22). The following Silurian sponges, Receptaculiti- dae, of uncertain systematic position, are housed Gripp, Karl at Milwaukee-Downer College: Receptaculites sp., 1964. Erdgeschichte von Schleswig-Holstein. R. hemisphericus (Hall), R. tesselatus (Winchell Karl Wachholtz, Neumuenster, 412 pp., 57 and Marcy), Ischadites sp. (or Receptaculites"?), pis., 1 map, numerous tables, 63 text-figs. Cerionites sp., C. dactyloides (Owen), and genus and species undetermined. Most of these are from Silurian Receptaculide [sic] is figured from the Bridgeport and Hawthorne, Illinois, and from Ra- erratic kaolin sand of the Sylt Island (pi. 25, fig. cine, Wisconsin (p. 1 1). lc).

Groessens, Eric Greife, John L., and Ralph L. Langenheim, Jr. See: 1963. Sponges and brachiopods from the Mid- Coen-Aubert, M., E. Groessens, and R. Le- dle Ordovician Mazourka Formation, Inde- grand, 1980. pendence Quadrangle, California. Journal of Paleontology, vol. 37, no. 3, pp. 564-574, pis. Grosh, Wesley A., and Thomas A. Evans, Jr. 63-65, 2 text-figs.

1 959. Zinc-ore mining and milling methods, Pi- Mastopora (?) sp. [now Cyclocriniles welleri Ni- quette Mining and Milling Co., Tennyson, tecki 1970b], a dasycladacean alga from the Mid- Wisconsin. United States Bureau of Mines In- dle Ordovician Mazourka Formation of Inyo formation Circular, 7877, 16 pp., 5 text-figs., County, California, is described and figured and 2 tables. is compared with M. pyriformis and M. ovoides from the Middle Ordovician Chambersburg and Receptaculites occurs in zones in the Prosser and Lenoir Limestones in Tennessee; Mastopora and Stewartville Members of the Middle Ordovician

Nidulites are discussed (pp. 566-567; pi. 63, fig. Galena Formation in the lead-zinc district of

4). Wisconsin (p. 4, fig. 2).

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 69 Guembel, Carl Wilhelm von 1970. The Swiebodzice Depression; pp. 364-

366, 1 text-fig. In Sokolowski, Stanislaw, Ste- 1 876. Beitraege zur Kenntniss der Organisation fan Cieslinski, and Jan Czerminski (eds.), Ge- und systematischen Stellung von Receptacu- ology of Poland. Volume 1. Stratigraphy. Part lites. Abhandlungen der Mathematisch-Phy- I. Pre-Cambrian and Palaeozoic. Translated sikalischen Klasse der Koeniglich Bayerisch- by Christina Kozlowska. Wydawnictwa Geo- en Akademie der Wissenschaften, Munchen logiczne, Warszawa, 65 1 pp. [This is a trans- [Munich], vol. 12, part 1, pp. 167-215, 1 pi. lation of Sokolowski, Stanislaw, Barbara Slo- The microscopic structures of Receptaculites are wahska, and Wanda Ruhle (eds.), 1968, illustrated. Receptaculites is more closely related Budowa Geologiczna Polski. Wyd. 1. Instytut to Foraminifera (Rhizopoda) than to Spongozoa. Geologiczny, Wydawnictwa Geologiczne, Receptaculites neptuni Defrance, R. forniculosus Warszawa— not seen.] Schlotheim, and Ischadites koenigi are figured. A The sponge (?) Receptaculites neptuni Defrance bibliography and a history of study are provided. is present in Upper Devonian nodules in the Swie- Localities, ranges, and synonymies are given for: bodzice Depression of Poland (p. 365). R. australis, R. bronni, R. calciferous, R. cana- densis, R. carbonarius, R. elegantulus, R. fornic- Gunn, William ulosus, R. fungosus, R. globularis, R. hemisphae- ricus, R. infundibuliformis, R. insularis, R. jonesi, See:

R. jowensis [sic], R. occidentalis, R. orbicularis, R. Peach, B. N., and others, 1907. orbis, R. oweni, R. subturbinatus, Ischadites al- taicus, I. bohemica, I. eichwaldi, I. grindrodi, I. Gurley, William F. E. koenigi, I. occidentalis, I. tessellatus, Tetragonis See: sulcata, T. parvipora, T. danbyi, Escharites for- Miller, S. A., and W. F. E. Gurley, 1896. niculatus, Coscinopora placenta, C. sulcata, Es- charipora recta, and Scyphia cornucopiae. Ischa- Gusic, I. dites and Tetragonis are closely related to Receptaculites on a specific if not a sub-specific See: level. Protospongia is a related form. Herak, M., V. Kochansky-Devide, and I. Gusic, 1977. See also: Anonymous, 1876. Gutschick, Raymond C.

See: Guerich, Georg Julius Ernst Rigby, J. K., and R. C. Gutschick, 1976. 1900. Geologischer Fuehrer in das Riesenge- birge. Gebrueder Borntraeger, Berlin, 301 pp., Haas, Hippolyt Julius

3 tables (pis.), 24 text-figs. 1887. Die Leitfossilien. Synopsis der geologisch A problematic Upper Devonian fossil, Recep- Wichtigsten Formen des Vorweltlichen Tier- taculites neptuni, from the Mittelsudeten is figured und Pflanzenreichs. Veit, Leipzig, 328 pp., 582

(pp. 42-43, fig. 4). text-figs.

Receptaculites and R. neptuni Defrance, De- Gunia, Tadeusz vonian Receptaculitidae from Chimay, are de- 1968. Fauna, stratygrafia i warunki sedymen- scribed as problematic organisms. Receptaculites

tacji gornego dewonu depresji Swiebodzic. neptuni is figured (p. 15, fig. 26). Geologia Sudetica, Polska Akademia Nauk, Zaklad Nauk Geologicznych, Warszawa, vol. Hacht, Elke von, and Hans Joachim von Hacht 4, pp. 115-220, pis. 1-11. 1974. Sylt: Lavendelblauer ordovizisch-silu- Receptaculites neptuni Defrance (phylum Porif- rischer Hornstein Pfenniggeroelle aus der era, class Squamiferida, family Receptaculitidae) Kreide. Der Geschiebe-Sammler, Mitteilung- from the upper Devonian in the Swiebodzice sheft der Sammlergruppe fuer Geschiebe- Depression, Middle Sudetes, Poland, is described kunde. Jahrgang 8, Heft 3-4, pp. 19-28, 3 and illustrated (p. 144; pi. 2, figs. 2-5). figs., 1 text- fig.

70 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Receptaculites is listed and Coelosphaeridium Receptaculites ellipticus Walcott, R. elongatus figured from the Ordovician erratics of Sylt (p. 19, Walcott, and R. mammillaris Newberry [in Wal- pi. on p. 21). cott, 1884] from the Ordovician Pogonip Lime- stone are found in various localities in the Eureka Hacht, Hans Joachim von area (pp. 51-54, 60, 109, 115, 131, 134, 191, 195, 197, 322). These species are excellent Pogonip in- See: dex fossils because of their abundance and re- Hacht, E. von, and H. J. von Hacht, 1974. stricted vertical range (pp. 120, 123-124, 127).

Hadding, Assar Haime, Jules

1 933. The rocks of Pre-Quaternary sedimentary See: Sweden. V. On the organic remains of lime- Milne-Edwards, H, and J. Haime, 1850. stones. A short review of the limestone form- Lunds Universitets Aarsskrift ing organisms. Hall, C. W., and Frederick W. Sardeson (Acta Universitatis Lundensis). N.F., Bind 29, 1892. Paleozoic formations of southeastern Avd. 2, no. 4. Kungl Fysiografiska Saellskapet Minnesota. Bulletin of the Handlingar, N.F., Bind 44, no. 4, 93 pp., 53 Geological Society of America, vol. 3, 331-368, pis. 10-12. figs. pp. iowensis Owen and R. oweni Hall Cyclocrinus and related Coelosphaeridium, Receptaculites from the Orthisina bed and R. oweni from the Mastopora, and other dasycladaceans are a marked Maclurea bed of the Lower Silurian component of the Cambro-Silurian algal flora. [Ordovician] These are known from abundant erratic boulders Galena Limestone in Minnesota are listed (pp. 364- in East Balticum, particularly in the Wesenberg 365). beds and in Sweden from the Leptaena limestone Hall, James in Dalecarlia (p. 20). Cyclocrinus from an erratic boulder on the Island of Sylt is figured (fig. 6 on 1847. Palaeontology of New York. Volume 1. p. 18). Containing Descriptions of the Organic Re- mains of the Lower Division of the New York Hague, Arnold System (Equivalent of the Lower Silurian Rocks of Europe). Natural History of New 1882. Administrative report of Mr. Arnold York. Part 6, Volume 1. [Published by au- Hague. 2nd Annual Report of the United thority of the State of New York], C. van States Geological Survey to the Secretary of Benthuysen (printer), Albany, New York, 338 the Interior, 1880-1881, pp. 21-35. pp., 87 pis. Three species of Receptaculites, including R. Receptaculites neptunii (?) and a new species cy- gumbeli [nomen nudum] from the Pogonip Lime- athiformis of undetermined genus are described stone, are present in the Cambrian [Ordovician] and illustrated as corals from the [Ordovician] of the Eureka mining district, Nevada (p. 30). Trenton Limestone at Carlisle, Pennsylvania (pp.

68-69, 72, 323; pi. 24, figs. 3a, b, c, d; pi. 25, figs. 1883. Abstract of report on the geology of the 6a, b, c). Receptaculites neptuni is compared with Eureka district. 3rd Annual Report of the the figures of the original Coscinopora sulcata United States Geological Survey to the Sec- Goldfuss and C sulcata from the lead-bearing retary of the Interior, 1881-1882, pp. 237- limestones of the West (footnote, p. 69). 290, pis. 24-25.

Three species of Receptaculites, including abun- 1851. Lower Silurian System— continued; pp. dant R. mammillaris Newberry [in Walcott, 1884], 140-151. In Foster, John Wells, and Josiah are reported from the Silurian [Ordovician] Po- Dwight Whitney, Report on the Geology of gonip Group of the Eureka district, Nevada (p. the Lake Superior Land District. Part 2. The 261). Iron Region, Together with the General Ge- ology. United States 32nd Congress. Special 1 892. Geology of the Eureka district, Nevada. Session. March 1851. Senate Executive Doc- Monographs of the United States Geological ument no. 4. Printed by A. Boyd Hamilton, Survey, vol. 20, 419 pp., 8 pis., 9 text-figs. Washington, [D.C.], 406 pp.

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 71 The principal fossil in the Lower Silurian [Or- fossil described and illustrated by Hall (1847, p.

dovician] Galena Limestone of Wisconsin, Iowa, 74). "Genus (?) cyathiformis" described and il- and Illinois resembles a Coscinopora, but is prob- lustrated by Hall 1847, if proven distinct from ably a Receptaculites (p. 147). Receptaculites, is assigned to Selenoides cyathi- formis. Receptaculites is discussed (p. 76). 1858. Geology of Iowa: general reconnaissance;

pp. 45-146, text-figs. 4-1 1, 3 maps. In Hall, 1 86 1 a. Report of the superintendent of the Geo- James, and Josiah Dwight Whitney, Report logical Survey [of Wisconsin], Exhibiting the on the Geological Survey of the State of Iowa: Progress of the Work. January 1, 1861. E. A. Embracing the Results of Investigations Made Calkins & Co., State Printers, Madison, Wis- During Portions of the Years 1855, 56 and consin, 52 pp. 57. Volume 1. Part 1. Geology. Published by Receptaculites [Selenoides Owen] and the fol- authority of the Legislature of Iowa, [Albany, lowing species are described: R. iowene [sic] Owen New York], 472 pp. [Orbitolites reticulata Owen], R. oweni n. sp. [Cos- cinopora sulcata Owen], R. fungosum n. sp., and Receptaculites occurs in the [Ordovician] Tren- R. globulare n. sp., all from the [Ordovician] Ga- ton Limestone at Gutenberg and Elkader Mills, lena Limestone of the lead region of Wisconsin, Iowa (pp. 58-59, 61). Iowa, and Illinois, and R. infundibulum n. sp. and R. hemisphericum n. sp. from the [Silurian] Nia- 1859a. Palaeontology. Volume 3. Containing garan of Racine, Wisconsin (pp. 11-17). Owen's Descriptions and Figures of the Organic Re- (1852) descriptions of Selenoides and S. iowensis mains of the Lower Helderberg Group and are included. European Receptaculites neptuni and the Oriskany Sandstone. 1855-1859. Part 1. the similar American form R. occidentalis are Text. Natural History of New York. Part 6, mentioned. Volume 3. [Published by authority of the State of New York], C. van Benthuysen (printer), See also: Albany, New York, 532 pp., numerous text- Whitfield, R. P., 1895. figs.

1861b. Palaeontology. Volume 3. Containing Dictyocrinus n. gen. (= Dictuocrinites Conrad) Descriptions and Figures of the Organic Re- squamifer n. sp. from the [Devonian] Lower Hel- mains of the Lower and derberg Group at Schoharie, New York, are de- Helderberg Group the Sandstone. 1855-1859. Part 2. scribed. Their relations with the Crinoideae or Oriskany Plates. [Published by authority of the State of Cystidae are doubtful, but satisfactory determi- New York], C. van (printer), Al- nation of their affinities cannot be made. Recep- Benthuysen bany, New York, 120 pis. taculites (Sphaeronites) rhombifer Roemer is men- tioned as a similar form (p. 135). Dictyocrinus squamifer is figured (pi. 7A, figs. 11, 13). See also:

Hall, J., 1861b. See also:

Hall, J., 1859a.

1859b. Catalogue of the species of fossils, de-

scribed in volumes I, II, and III of the Pa- 1862a. Appendix D. Contributions to palaeon- laeontology of New York; with the correc- tology; comprising descriptions ofnew species tions in nomenclature, as far as determined of fossils, from the Upper Helderberg, Ham- to the present time. Twelfth Annual Report ilton, and Chemung Groups. Fifteenth An- of the Regents of the University of the State nual Report of the Regents of the University of New York, on the Condition of the State of the State of New York, on the Condition Cabinet ofNatural History, and the Historical of the State Cabinet of Natural History, and and Antiquarian Collection Annexed Thereto. the Historical and Antiquarian Collection Charles van Benthuysen, printer to the Leg- Annexed Thereto. [Published by authority of islature, Albany, New York, pp. 63-96. the State of New York], Charles van Ben- thuysen (printer), Albany, New York, pp. 27- Receptaculites neptunii is a valid name for the 193, 11 pis.

72 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY 1 1 State Cabinet of Natural Conrad's 1 84 1 figure of Dictuocrinites (pi. , of the History, and in Historical fig. 22) is reproduced, but not referred to the the Antiquarian and Collection text. Annexed Thereto. [Published by authority of the State of New York], Comstock and Cas- New 67-69. 1 862b. Physical geography and general geology; sidy (printers), Albany, York, pp. pp. 1-72, numerous text-figs. In Hall, James, The following species of Receptaculites are listed and Josiah Whitney, Report on the Dwight and their geographic ranges discussed: Devonian Geological Survey of the State of Wisconsin. Receptaculites sp. from the Schoharie Grit; Upper Volume 1 . Printed by authority of the Leg- Silurian [Devonian] R. infundibuliformis Eaton islature of Wisconsin, [Albany, New York], from the Lower Helderberg Group; [Silurian] R. 455 pp. infundibulum Hall, R. hemisphericus Hall, and R. subturbinatus Hall from the Low- Receptaculites oweni, a "lead coral" character- Niagara Group; er Silurian R. oweni R. iowensis istic of the [Ordovician] Galena Limestone in Wis- [Ordovician] Hall, R. Hall, and R. orbicularis Hall consin, is illustrated (p. 46, fig. 2). Owen, fungosus from the Galena Limestone; and R. occidentalis Salter R. from the Trenton Lime- 1862c. Palaeontology of Wisconsin. Remarks (= (?) neptuni) stone. Eaton's of upon the condition of the fossils in the rocks description Coscinopora infun- is from the of the several formations. Catalogue of fossils dibuliformis given. Receptaculites sp. Schoharie Grit is described and with known in the Palaeozoic formations of Wis- compared sulcata it is similar to R. consin, with observations upon some of the Coscinopora Eaton; nep- tuni Defrance, as described British known species, and descriptions of several new by palaeontol- forms; pp. 425-442. In Hall, James, and Jo- ogists. siah Dwight Whitney, Report on the Geolog- 1 864. Notice of some new species of fossils from ical Survey of the State of Wisconsin. Vol- a locality of the Niagara Group, in Indiana; ume 1 . Printed by authority of the Legislature with a list of identified species from the same of Wisconsin, [Albany, New York], 455 pp. place. Transactions of the Albany Institute, Receptaculitesfungosus, R. globularis, R. iowen- vol. 4, art. 12, pp. 195-228. sis, and R. oweni from the [Ordovician] Galena This is identical to Hall, J., 1863a, but with Limestone and R. hemisphericus and R. infundib- different pagination (Receptaculites on pp. 224- ulus from the [Silurian] Racine Limestone of Wis- 225). consin are listed as Foraminifera or alcyonoid cor- als (?) of uncertain taxonomic position (pp. 428- 1867 [1868]. Appendix K. Article 19. Account 429). of some new or little known species of fossils from rocks of the age of the Niagara Group. 1863a. Notice of some new species of fossils Twentieth Annual Report of the Regents of from a locality of the Niagara Group, in In- the University of the State of New York, on diana; with a list of identified from species the Condition of the State Cabinet of Natural the same place. Transactions of the Albany History, and the Historical and Antiquarian Institute, vol. 4, art. 1 2, 34 pp. Advance sheets. Collection Annexed Thereto. [Published by State of C. van Receptaculites subturbinatus n. sp. from the [Si- authority of the New York], Sons Al- lurian] Niagaran at Waldron, Indiana, is described Benthuysen and Printing House, 10-25. as a foraminifer (?). It resembles R. hemisphericus bany, New York, pp. 305-401, pis. of the Niagara in Wisconsin (pp. 30-31). Receptaculites hemisphaericus Hall and R. in- fundibulus Hall (= Ischadites tessellatus Winchell See also: and Marcy) from the [Silurian] Niagaran in Wis- 1864. Hall, J., consin, Iowa, and Illinois are listed as foraminifers

(p. 395). 1863b. Appendix D. Article 4. Note on the geo- logical range of the genus Receptaculites in See also:

American Palaeozoic strata. Sixteenth An- Hall, J., 1868a and 1871. nual Report of the Regents of the University of the State of New York, on the Condition 1868a [1870]. Appendix M. Article 3. List of

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 73 fossils of the Niagara Group, occurring in the This is identical to plates in Hall, J., 1879b. Wisconsin, Illinois and Iowa limestones.

Twentieth Annual Report of the Regents of 1879a. Descriptions of New Species of Fossils, the University of the State of New York, on from the Niagara Formation at Waldron, In- the Condition of the State Cabinet of Natural diana. J. Munsell, Printer, Albany, New York, History, and the Historical and Antiquarian 20 pp. [Advance sheets of Hall, 1882a.] Collection Annexed Thereto, Revised edi- sacculus n. a from tion. Printed by order of the Assembly. C. van Receptaculites sp., protozoan the [Silurian] Niagara Formation at Waldron, In- Benthuysen and Sons (printers), Albany, New diana, is described (pp. York, pp. 435-438. 1-2).

This is identical to 1867 Hall, J., [1868], except See also: for pagination. Hall, J., 1882a.

See also: 1879b. The fauna of the Niagara Group, in cen- Hall, J., 1871. tral Indiana. Twenty-eighth Annual Report of the New York State Museum of Natural His- 1868b [1870]. Descriptions of new or little- tory, by the Regents of the University of the known species of fossils from rocks of the age State of New York. State Museum Edition. of the Niagara Group. Twentieth Annual Re- [Published by authority of the State of New port of the Regents of the University of the York], Weed, Parsons and (print- State of New York, on the Condition of the Company ers), Albany, New York, pp. 99-203, pis. 3- State Cabinet of Natural History, and the 34, 6 Historical and Antiquarian Collection An- text-figs. nexed Revised Thereto, edition, appendix M, A Niagaran [Silurian] protozoan, Receptaculites pp. 347-438, pis. 10-25. subturbinatus, from Conn's Creek at Waldron, De- catur Indiana, is described and illustrated Receptaculites hemisphaericus Hall and R. in- County, sub- fundibulus Hall (= Ischadites tessellatus Winchell (pp. 99, 103; pi. 3, figs. 1-3). Receptaculites turbinatus is similar to R. hemisphericus of the and Marcy) from limestones of the [Silurian] Ni- Formation in Wisconsin. agara Group in Wisconsin, Iowa, and Illinois are Niagara listed with foraminifers (p. 435). See also:

1871. List of fossils of the Niagara Group, oc- Hall, J., 1875. curring in the Wisconsin, Illinois, and Iowa limestones. Organic Remains of the Niagara 1882a [1883]. Descriptions of new species of Group and Associated Limestones. Geologi- fossils from the Niagara Formation at Wal- cal Survey of the State of Wisconsin, 1859— dron, Indiana. Transactions of the Albany In- 1 863. Palaeontology. Part Third. [C. van Ben- stitute, vol. 10, pp. 57-76, 1 text-fig.

thuysen and Sons (?), Albany, New York], pp. This is identical to for 91-94. Hall, J., 1879a, except pagination; Receptaculites is on pp. 57-58. This is identical to Hall, J., 1867 [1868], except for pagination. 1882b. Descriptions of the species of fossils found in the Niagara Group at Waldron, In- See also: diana. Indiana Department of Geology and Hall, J., 1868a [1870]. Natural History. Eleventh Annual Report, 1881. Indianapolis, Indiana, pp. 217-345, 36 1875. The fauna of the Niagara Group in central pis. Indiana. Twenty-eighth Annual Report of the New York State Museum of Natural History, The protozoans Receptaculites subturbinatus by the Regents of the University of the State Hall and R. sacculus Hall are described and illus- of New York. Documentary Edition. With- trated from the Niagaran [Silurian] at Waldron,

out text. [Published by authority of the State Indiana (pp. 221-222; pi. 1, fig. 5; pi. 2, figs. 1- of New York], Weed, Parsons and Company, 3). Receptaculites subturbinatus is similar to R. Albany, New York, 32 pis. and explanations. hemisphericus of the Niagara of Wisconsin.

74 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY 1 883a. Fossil corals and bryozoans of the Lower ologist for the Year 1894. James B. Lyon, Helderberg Group and fossil bryozoans of the State Printer, Albany, New York, pp. 9-29. Upper Helderberg Group. State of New York. This is identical to Hall, J., 1895a. Report of the State Geologist for the Year 1882. Weed, Parsons and Company, Legis- Hall, James, and John Mason Clarke lative Printers, Albany, New York, 17 pp., 61

pis. 1898a [1899]. A Memoir on the Palaeozoic Re- ticulate Constituting the Family Dic- Receptaculites squamifer Hall, R. monticulatus Sponges tyospongidae. [New York State Museum n. sp., and R. infundibuliformis Eaton from the Memoir 2. University of the State of New Lower Helderberg Group and R. bursiformis n. sp. Hallenbeck Crawford Co., from the Schoharie Grit, all of New York, are York.] Wynkoop State Printers, New York and Albany, 350 figured (pis. 23-24). pp., 70 pis., 45 text-figs.

1883b. Van Cleve's fossil corals. Palaeontology. Tetragonis Eichwald is closely related to Is- Indiana of and Natural Department Geology chadites Murchison. Tetragonis danbyi, T. mur- Twelfth Annual Report, 1882. W. B. History. chisonii, and T. eifeliensis are mentioned in an Burford, State Printer, Indianapolis, Indiana, annotated bibliography ofthe Dictyospongidae (pp. 1-14, pp. 239-270, pis. text-figs. 41,43,45,48, 72).

The original descriptions and figures of Recep- taculites (of Billings 1865c) and R. oweni (of Hall See also: 1861) are given (pp. 243-246). Receptaculites ow- Hall, J., and J. M. Clarke, 1898b, 1898c, and

is 1 1899. eni from the Trenton of Iowa figured (pi. , fig.

1).

1898b [1 899]. A Memoir on the Palaeozoic Re- 1883c. Appendix A. List of Niagara fossils from ticulate Sponges Constituting the Family Dic- Waldron, Indiana, arranged in table cases in tyospongidae. Part I. University of the State the State Museum of Natural History, Sep- of New York. Memoir no. 2. New York State tember 1882. Thirty-sixth Annual Report on Museum. 49th Annual Report of the Regents, the New York State Museum of Natural His- 1895. Volume 3. Report of State Geologist tory, by the Regents of the University of the and Field Assistants. Albany, New York, pp. State of New York. [Published by authority 741-984, pis. 1-47. of the State of New York], Weed, Parsons and This is identical to part 1 of Hall, J., and J. M. Company, Albany, New York, pp. 21-25. Clarke, 1898a. Receptaculites subturbinatus Hall and the type of R. sacculus Hall from the Niagaran [Silurian] 1898c [1899]. A Memoir on the Palaeozoic Re- at are in the New York State Waldron, Indiana, ticulate Sponges Constituting the Family Dic- Museum of Natural History (p. 21). tyospongidae. Part I. 1 5th Annual Report of the State Geologist for the year 1895. Albany, 1 895a 1 ofthe State New [ 897]. Report Geologist. New York, pp. 741-984, pis. 1-47. York State Museum. Forty-eighth Annual This is identical to 1 of and J. M. Report of the Regents, 1894. Volume 2. Uni- part Hall, J., 1898b. versity of the State of New York, Albany, Clarke, New York, pp. 9-29. 1899. A Memoir on the Paleozoic Reticulate Ischadites squamifer Hall and Receptaculites in- Sponges Constituting the Family Dictyospon- fundibuliformis Eaton are listed as sponges from gidae. Part II. University of the State of New the Lower of New York 1 Helderberg (p. 6). York. New York State Museum. 50th Annual Report of the Regents, 1896. Volume 2. Al- See also: bany, University of the State of New York, Hall, J. 1895b. pp. 341-448, pis. 48-70, figs. 18-45.

1895b [1897]. Report of the State Geologist. This is identical to part 2 of Hall, J., and J. M. Fourteenth Annual Report of the State Ge- Clarke, 1898a.

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 75 Hall, James, and George B. Simpson United States Geological Survey, 1 299, 67 pp.,

1 pi., 14 text-figs., 4 tables. 1887. Palaeontology. Volume 6. Corals and Bryozoa: Text and Plates Containing Descrip- Receptaculites cf. elongatus Walcott is found in of the tions and Figures Species from Lower the Early and Middle Ordovician Pogonip Group and Hamilton Helderberg, Upper Helderberg of central Inyo County, California (p. 1 5). Groups. Natural History of New York. [Pub- lished by authority of the State of New York], Hall, Wayne E., and E. M. Mackevett, Jr. Charles van Benthuysen and Sons, Albany, 1962. and ore the New York, 298 pp., 66 pis. Geology deposits of Darwin Quadrangle, Inyo County, California. United The following Devonian sponges from New York States Geological Survey Professional Paper are described and illustrated: Receptaculites in- 368, 87 pp., 10 pis., 34 text-figs., 10 tables. fundibuliformis (Eaton) Hall (= R. monticulatus Hall) from the Lower Helderberg near Clarksville; "Receptaculites" (?) sp. is reported from the Ischadites squamifer (= Dictyocrinus squamifer Lower to Middle Ordovician Pogonip Group of = Hall, Receptaculites squamifer Hall) from the Inyo County, California (p. 8). Lower Helderberg at Schoharie; and /. bursiformis (= R. bursiformis Hall) from the Schoharie Grit Halle, T. G. in Albany and Schoharie Counties (pp. 290-292; 1954. De utdoeda vaexterna. Vaexternas Liv pi. 24, figs. 1-14). Populaervetenskaplig handbok. Foerlagshu- Hall, James, and Robert Parr Whitfield set Norden AB, Malmoe, pp. 200-308, text- figs. 101-170. 1875a. Descriptions of invertebrate fossils, mainly from the Silurian System. Report of The Ordovician to Silurian dasycladacean Cy- the Geological Survey of Ohio. Volume 2. clocrinites is described (p. 235) and Ordovician C.

Geology and Palaeontology. Part 2. Palaeon- porosus is figured (fig. 123). tology. Published by authority of the Legis- lature ofOhio. Nevins and Myers, State Print- Ham, William E. ers, Columbus, Ohio, pp. 65-179, pis. 1-9, 11-13. See: Toomey, D. F., and W. E. Ham, 1967. A foraminifer Receptaculites ohioensis n. sp. from the Silurian Niagara Group at Yellow Springs, Ham, William E., and Donald Francis Toomey Ohio, is described, illustrated, and compared to

R. hemisphericus Hall (p. 123; pi. 6, fig. 1). The 1966. Carbonate mounds in the Lower Ordo- young R. ohioensis resembles R. globularis from vician of West Texas and southern Oklahoma the [Ordovician] Galena Limestone. [abstr.]. Program. 1966 Annual Meetings. November 14-16, 1966. San Francisco, Cal- See also: ifornia. Geological Society of America, Boul- Hall, J., and R. P. Whitfield, 1875b. der, Colorado, pp. 83-84.

1875b. Beschreibung von fossilen wirbellosen The quasi-sponge Calathium is listed from Low- Thieren, vorwiegend aus dem silurischen Sys- er Ordovician carbonate mounds in western Texas tem. Bericht ueber die Geologisehe Auf- and southern Oklahoma. nahme von Ohio. 2. Band. Geologie und Pa- laeontologie. II. Theil. Palaeontologie. Brand See also: and Co., Columbus, Ohio, pp. 65-160, pis. Ham, W. E., and D. F. Toomey, 1968. 1-9, 11-13. 1968. Carbonate mounds in the Lower Ordo- This is a German translation of Hall, J., and R. vician of West Texas and southern Oklahoma P.Whitfield, 1875a. [abstr.]. Geological Society of America Spe- Hall, Wayne E. cial Papers, no. 101, pp. 83-84.

197 1 . Geology of the Panamint Butte Quadran- This is identical to Ham, W. E., and D. F. gle, Inyo County, California. Bulletin of the Toomey, 1966.

76 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY I lansman. Robert H .. and Harold W. Scott Receptaculites of Russell County, Virginia, is related to sponges. 1967. Catalog of Worthen type and figured specimens at the University of Illinois. Jour- Harrington, M. W. nal of Paleontology, vol. 41, no. 4, pp. 101 3— 1028. 1884. The geology of Dodge County; pp. 367- 375. In Winchell, Newton H., and Warren Paceolus (?) [sic] dactyliodes (Owen), Receptac- Upham, The Geology of Minnesota. Volume ulites formosus Meek and Worthen, R. globularis 1 of the Final Report. Geological and Natural (Hall ?) and Receptaculites sp., described and il- History Survey of Minnesota. Published by lustrated by Meek and Worthen, are housed at the authority of the State of Minnesota, St. Paul, University of Illinois in Urbana. Minnesota, 697 pp.

Him smaii. Robert II.. Frederick C. Shaw, and Receptaculites is abundant in the Lower Silurian Wayne A. Pettyjohn [Ordovician] Trenton Limestone of Dodge Coun- ty, Minnesota (pp. 371, 374). 1962. Supplement to the Catalog of the Type Specimens of Fossils in the University of Harrison, James Merritt Cincinnati Museum. University of Cincin- nati, Cincinnati, Ohio, 131 pp. 1949. Geology and mineral deposits of File- Tramping Lakes Area, Manitoba. Geological A plasto-hypotype of Receptaculites australis Survey of Canada Memoir 250, 92 pp., 4 pis., Salter from the Devonian Baton River beds of 7 text-figs., 3 maps. New Zealand is housed in the University of Cin- cinnati Museum (p. 107). Receptaculites sp. is listed from the Ordovician, Richmondian (?) Red River Formation of Hanson, George F. Tramping Lake in Manitoba (p. 21).

1 956. Guidebook for the Twentieth Annual Tri- Haughton, Samuel State Geological Field Conference. Upper Mississippi Zinc-Lead District. [Wisconsin 1860. On the fossils brought home from the Geological Survey, Madison, Wisconsin ?], 22 Arctic regions in 1859, by Captain Sir F. L. pp., 6 text-figs. M'Clintock. Journal of the Royal Dublin So- ciety, vol. 3, no. 18, pp. 53-58, 4 pis. The Middle Ordovician Galena Formation con- tains a lower Receptaculites oweni zone and an Receptaculites neptuni (Defrance) from the Si-

Ischadites zone in the Prosser Member and an lurian [Ordovician ?] on the west coast of King upper Receptaculites oweni zone in the Stewart- William's Island is figured (pi. 3, fig. 3). Recep- ville Member (pp. 2, 4, 6, 12, 20). taculites neptuni is also reported from Kunzen- dorf, Germany, and from Pauquette's [sic] Rapids Harbour, Robert L. in Canada (pp. 56-58).

1972. Geology of the northern Franklin Moun- Hawkins, Edward J. tains, Texas and New Mexico. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 1298, 129 See:

pp., 3 pis., 6 text-figs., 12 tables. Squires, D. F., and E. J. Hawkins, 1958.

Receptaculites oweni is listed from the Upham Hayden, H. H. Member of the Ordovician Montoya Dolomite in the Franklin Mountains of Texas and New Mexico 1904. The Geology of Spiti, with parts of Bas- (pp. 28, 89). hahr and Rupshu. Memoir of the Geological Survey of India, vol. 36, part 1, 129 pp., 18 Harrington, John W. pis., numerous tables.

1 940. Some new features of the internal struc- A cystoid Pyrocystites pirum Barr. [= Apidium ture of Receptaculites [abstr.]. Virginia Jour- indicum Reed 1912] is listed from the Silurian

nal of Science, vol. 1, pp. 244-245. [Ordovician] in the Spiti area of India (p. 26).

NITECKJ ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 77 Hayes, Philip T., and George C. Cone Heckel, Philip II.. and Brian J. Witzke

1975. Cambrian and Ordovician rocks of south- 1979. Devonian world palaeogeography deter- ern Arizona and New Mexico and western- mined from distribution of carbonates and most Texas. United States Geological Survey related lithic palaeoclimatic indicators; pp. 99- 8 In M. C. T. Scrut- Professional Paper 873, 98 pp., 51 text-figs., 123, text-figs. House, R., and M. G. Bassett The Devonian 1 pi., 1 table. ton, (eds.), System. A Palaeontological Association In- Calathium a fittoni Billings, receptaculitid (?) ternational Symposium. Special Papers in Pa- occurs in the Ordovician sponge, McKelligon laeontology, vol. 23, 353 pp. Limestone in San Andres Canyon, New Mexico Most receptaculitids, which are probably an ex- (p. 87). Calathium is present in shallow subtidal tinct of were confined to warm mounds in the same formation in the Franklin group green algae, climatic zones in the Devonian (p. 1 16, text-fig. Mountains, Texas (p. 40). 6).

William C. Hayes, Hector, James

See: 1861. On the geology of the country between Martin, J. A., R. D. Knight, and W. C. Hayes, Lake Superior and the Pacific Ocean (between 1961. the 48th and 54th parallels of latitude), vis- ited by the government exploring expedition Hazzard, John C. under the command of Captain J. Palliser (1857-60). Quarterly Journal of Geological 1937. Paleozoic section in the Nopah and Rest- Society [London], vol. 17, pp. 388-445, pi. ing Springs Mountains, Inyo County, Cali- 13, 13 text-figs. fornia. California Journal of Mines and Ge- Lower Silurian oc- ology, Report 33 of the State Mineralogist, [Ordovician] Receptaculites cidentalis Salter is listed from the Hudson River pp. 273-339, 15 text-figs., 2 tables. Group at Lower Fort Garry, Manitoba (p. 439). Receptaculites sp. is listed from the Lower Or- dovician Pogonip (?) Dolomite along the west front 1863. Geological report; pp. 216-245. In Pal- of the Nopah Range, Nevada (pp. 276, 323). liser, John, The Journals, Detailed Reports, and Observations Relative to the Exploration Head, William R. by Captain Palliser of that Portion of British North America, which, in Latitude, Lies Be- 1895. Palaeozoic of North America. Sponges tween the British Boundary Line and the Published by the author, Chicago, Illinois, 1 1 Height of Land or Watershed of the Northern pp. (unnumbered). or Frozen Ocean Respectively, and in Lon- Between the Western Shore of Lake North American Paleozoic sponges, including gitude, and the Pacific Ocean. the receptaculitids, are listed. Calathium bridgeport- Superior During ensis, C cornu-copiae, C obconicalis, and Mar- years 1857, 1858, 1859 and 1860. Eyre and ceivia chicagoensis are new names introduced Spottiswood, London, 325 pp. without descriptions or figures for Receptaculiti- Receptaculites occidentalis is found in the Si- dae from Chicago, Illinois. lurian [Ordovician] Magnesium Limestone, Hud- son River Group at Lower Fort Garry in the Win- Heckel, Philip H. nipeg basin [Manitoba] (pp. 238, 245).

1974. Carbonate in the rec- buildups geologic Heider, Karl ord: a review; pp. 90-154, 9 text-figs. In La- See: porte, Leo F. (ed.), Reefs in Time and Space. Schulze, F. E., W. Kuekenthal, K. Heider, and Society of Economic Paleontologists and R. Hesse, 1926-1954. Mineralogists Special Publication no. 18, 256 pp. Heintz, Anatol, and Leif Stdrmer

The quasi-sponge Calathium is a major biotic [1937?]. Nokkel til planchen om Dyrelivets Ut- constituent of Lower Ordovician carbonate build- vikling. (Oslo?), Oluf Norlis Forlag, 24 pp., 1 ups in Texas and Oklahoma (p. 105). wall chart.

78 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY The Ordovician to Carboniferous glass-sponge Herbert, Paul, Jr. Receptaculites is described (p. 7) and R. [neptuni] See: figured (chart, fig. 14). Willman, H. B., R. R. Reynolds, and P. Her- bert, Jr., 1946. Henderson, Gerald Gordon Lewis

See: Hesse, Richard North, F. K., and G. G. L. Henderson, 1954. See: Schulze, F. E.,W. Kuekenthal, K. Heider, and Hennig, Edwin R. Hesse, 1926-1954.

1 932. Wesen und Wege der Palaeontologie. Eine Einfuehrung in die Versteinerungslehre als Heyl, Allen V., Jr. Wissenschaft. Gebrueder Borntraeger, Berlin, 1968. The Upper Mississippi Valley base-metal 512 pp., 198 text-figs. district; pp. 431-459, 14 text-figs., 2 tables. Silurian [Ordovician] to Carboniferous Recep- In Ridge, John D. (ed.), Ore Deposits of the taculitidae are described as addenda to Cnidaria. United States, 1933-1967. American Insti-

It consists of 2 1 species of Receptaculites, Pha- tute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum seolus [sic], Ischadites, Cyclocrinus, Polygono- Engineers, Inc., New York, New York, 2 vols., sphaerites, and Leptopterion [sic]. Devonian Re- 1880 pp. (reprinted in 1970). ceptaculites neptuni from Silesia is figured (pp. 74, Receptaculites occurs near the base of the lower 129, 149-150, fig. 28). cherty member and in the middle of the upper non-cherty member of the Middle Ordovician Henningsmoen, Gunnar Galena Dolomite in the Upper Mississippi Valley

1 960. Cambro-Silurian deposits of the Oslo re- district (p. 436). gion. Norges Geologiske Undersokelse No. 208, pp. 130-150, text-figs. 40-44, 1 table. See also: Agnew, A. F., A. V. Heyl, Jr., C. H. Behre, Cyclocrinus, Coelosphaeridium, and Coelo- Jr., and E. J. Lyons, 1956. sphaeridium-Mastopora beds occur in the upper West, W. S., J. W. Whitlow, C. E. Brown, and Middle Ordovician of the Oslo region (p. 143, pi. A. V. Heyl, Jr., 1971. 7).

Heyl, Allen V., Jr., Allen F. Agnew, Erwin J. Lyons, Henriksen, Niels, and A. K. Higgins and Charles H. Behre, Jr. 1976. East Greenland Caledonian fold belt; pp. 1959. The geology of Upper Mississippi Valley 182-246, text-figs. 171-220. In Escher, Ar- zinc-lead district. United States Geological thur, and W. Stuart Watt (eds.), Geology of Survey Professional Paper 309, 310 pp., 24 Greenland. Geological Survey of Greenland, pis., 101 text-figs., 8 tables. Copenhagen [Gronlands Geologiske Under- sokelse, Kobenhavn], 603 pp. The Stewartville and Prosser Members of the Middle Ordovician Galena Dolomite in the Upper Receptaculites from the Middle Ordovician Mississippi Valley lead-zinc district contain Re- Heim Bjerge Formation in East Greenland is listed ceptaculites (pp. 8, 11, 17, 168-169). (P- 195).

Heyl, Allen V., Jr., and Charles H. Behre, Jr. Herak, M ., V. Kochansky-Devide, and I. Gusic 1950. Upper Mississippi Valley district; pp. 61- 1977. The development of the dasyclad algae 69, text-figs. 12-17. In Dunham, Kingsley through the ages; pp. 143-153, 2 text-figs. In Charles (ed.), Symposium and Proceedings of Fluegel, Erik (ed.), Fossil Algae. Springer-Ver- Section F. The Geology, Paragenesis, and Re- lag, Berlin and Heidelberg, 375 pp. serves of the Ores of Lead and Zinc. Inter- Cyclocrinites and Mastopora of the tribe Cyclo- national Geological Congress. Eighteenth crineae are listed as dasycladaceous algae (pp. 1 44- Session. London, 1948. Part 7. 400 pp., 99 147). text-figs.

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 79 Receptaculites oweni is reported from the Or- Hibbard, Donald E. dovician Galena Dolomite in Wisconsin, Illinois, See: and Iowa (p. 62). Johnson, Mike S., and D. E. Hibbard, 1957.

Heyl, Allen V., Jr., W. A. Broughton, and Walter A. K. S. West Higgins, See: 1970. Guidebook to the Upper Mississippi Val- Henriksen, N., and A. K. Higgins, 1976. ley base-metal district. Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey Information Cir- cular 16, 49 pp., 15 text-figs., 1 table. Hill, Dorothy

Receptaculites occurs in the Prosser and Stew- 1953. The Middle Ordovician of the Oslo Re- artville Members of the Ordovician Galena For- gion. 2. Some rugose and tabulate corals. mation in the Upper Mississippi Valley (pp. 8, 20). Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift, vol. 31, pp. 143— 168, 5 pis. Allen and Heyl, V., Jr., John W. Hosterman, Cyclocrinus and Mastopora are listed from the Maurice R. Brock Middle Ordovician of the Oslo region (pp. 1 43- 144, 154). 1 964. Clay-mineral alteration in the Upper Mis- sissippi Valley zinc-lead district; pp. 445^453, 1955. Ordovician corals from Ida Bay, Queens- 5 text-figs. In Bradley, W. F. (ed.), Clays and town and Zeehan, Tasmania. Papers and Pro- Clay Minerals. 1 2th National Conference, At- ceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania, lanta, Georgia, 1963. Proceedings. Macmillan vol. 89, 237-254, pis. 1-3. and Co., New York. pp.

[Ordovician] Trentonian (?) Receptaculites is Receptaculites occurs in the Prosser Member of listed from the coral zone in a mine in the Middle Ordovician Galena Dolomite in the Zeehan, Tasmania (pp. 237-238). Upper Mississippi Valley (p. 447).

1965. Archaeocyatha from Antarctica and a Heyl, Allen V., Jr., Erwin J. Lyons, and Allen F. review of the phylum. Trans-Antarctic Ex- Agnew pedition 1955-1958. Scientific Report 10, Trans-Antarctic Com- 1951. Exploratory drilling in the Prairie du Chien Geology 3, Expedition Group of the Wisconsin zinc-lead district by mittee, London, 151 pp., 25 figs., 12 pis. the U.S. Geological Survey in 1949-1950. Lower Cambrian order Heterocyathida Oku- United States Geological Survey Circular 131, litch 1935, family Heterocyathidae Bedford and 35 pp., 10 text-figs. Bedford 1 934, genus Radiocyathus Okulitch 1 937, are and minor Receptaculites occurs in the Prosser (cherty) and described, Radiocyathus (Bedford and Bedford 1 1 4 1 1 from Stewartville (massive) Members of the Middle Or- 934) (p. , pi. 2, fig. 4) Ajax dovician Galena Dolomite in the Upper Missis- Mine, South Australia, is figured. All are probably not archaeos. sippi Valley zinc-lead district (p. 3, fig. 2).

1972. Archaeocyatha. In Teichert, Curt (ed.), Heyl, Allen V., Jr., Erwin J. Lyons, Allen F. Ag- Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Part E, new, and Charles H. Behre, Jr. Volume 1 (of 2), Second edition (revised and 1955. Zinc-lead-copper resources and general enlarged). The Geological Society ofAmerica, geology of the Upper Mississippi Valley dis- Inc., and the University of Kansas, Boulder, trict. Bulletin of the United States Geological Colorado, and Lawrence, Kansas, 1 58 pp., 107 Survey 1 1 5-G, pp. 227-245, pis. 25-26, text- text-figs., 3 tables.

figs. 33-34, 1 table. Class Radiocyatha Debrenne, H. Termier and Receptaculites is found in the Prosser and Stew- G. Termier 1971, containing order Hetairacy- artville Members of the Middle Ordovician Ga- athida R. Bedford and J. Bedford 1937, with fam-

lena Dolomite in the Upper Mississippi Valley ily Hetairacyathidae R. Bedford and J. Bedford lead-zinc district (p. 230). 1934, genus Radiocyathus Okulitch 1937, are de-

80 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY scribed as organisms of uncertain phylum, prob- of the Pentland Hills near Edinburgh is described ably not archaeocyatha (p. 141). The oldest ar- and illustrated as a lyssacine hexactinellid sponge chaeocyathid from Europe was thought by Roemer of uncertain position (pp. 16, 154-156; pi. 33, figs. (1878) to be allied to the Receptaculitidae (p. 43). 1 2a-e). Calathium from the Quebec series in Can- ada has been referred to sponges, but its true char- acter remains doubtful Hinchey, Norman S. (p. 10).

1946. Missouri Marble. Missouri Geological 1 884. On the structure and affinities of the fam- Survey and Water Resources Report of In- ily of the Receptaculitidae, including therein vestigations no. 3, 47 pp., 6 pis., 2 text-figs., the genera Ischadites, Murchison (= Tetra- map. gonis, Eichwald); Sphaerospongia, Pengelly; A sponge, Receptaculites, is found in the Or- Acanthochonia, gen. nov.; and Receptaculites, dovician Kimmswick Limestone in Ste. Gene- Defrance. Quarterly Journal of the Geological vol. vieve County, Missouri (p. 1 1). Society [London], 40, pp. 795-849, pis. 36-37.

See also: The receptaculitid siliceous hexactinellid sponges McQueen, H. S., and N. S. Hinchey, 1941. are described and the taxa comprising the family are revised; their stratigraphic and geographic dis- Youle Hind, Henry tributions and history are reviewed and amended.

Acanthochonia n. gen., A. barrandei n. sp., and 1859. Geological Report. Reports of Progress: Ischadites lindstroemi n. are described and Together With a Preliminary and General Re- sp. fig- ured. Ischadites tessel- port on the Assiniboine and Saskatchewan koenigii, Sphaerospongia lata and Receptaculites are Several Exploring Expedition, Made under Instruc- figured. genera previously considered receptaculitids are removed tions from the Provincial Secretary, Canada. from the family. [This is a major paper on recep- John Lovell, Toronto, pp. 165-194. taculitids, and it is here greatly abbreviated.] Receptaculites neptuni occurs in the [Ordovi- cian] Bird's Eye Formation of the Trenton Group See also: at Pine Island Lake [Manitoba] (p. 173). [Ordo- Follman, O., 1885. vician] Coscinospora sulcata is found in the Hud- son River near Stone Red River Group Fort, 1887. A Monograph of the British Fossil [Manitoba] (p. 173). Sponges. Volume I, Part I. Sponges of Pa- laeozoic and Jurassic Strata. Palaeontolo- 1860. Narrative of the Canadian Red River Ex- graphical Society [Monographs], vol. 80, pp. ploring Expedition of 1857 and of the Assin- 1-92, pis. 1-8, 7 text-figs. iboine and Saskatchewan Exploring Expedi- tion of 1858. Volume 2. Longman, Green, Family Receptaculitidae Eichwald is amended Longman, and Roberts, London, 472 pp., nu- and placed in group Lyssakina Zittel, sub-order

merous figs., woodcuts, 6 maps. Hexactinellidae, and order Silicispongiae (p. 9 1 ). The following are illustrated and described: [Si- Receptaculites neptuni from the Silurian [Or- lurian] Wenlock and Lower Ludlow Ischadites ko- dovician] Bird's Eye and Trenton Formations at enigii Murchison from Dudley and Ludlow; [Si- Pine Island Lake [Manitoba] (p. 289) and Cosci- lurian] Wenlock /. lindstroemi from Malvern; nospora sulcata from the Hudson River Forma- [Silurian] Wenlock Receptaculites neptuni De- tion at Stone Fort [Manitoba] (p. 290) are listed. france from Malvern; Devonian R. neptuni and Middle Devonian Sphaerospongia tessellata Phil- Hinde, George Jennings lips from Devonshire; and [Silurian] Upper Lud- low Amphispongia oblonga Salter from the Pent- 1883. Catalogue of the Fossil Sponges in the land Hills near Edinburgh (pi. 2, figs. 1-3; pi. 3, Geological Department of the British Mu- fig. 3; pi. 4, figs. 1-2). An annotated bibliography seum (Natural History) with Descriptions of and discussions of the ecology, anatomy, and pres- New and Little-known Species. Taylor and ervation of sponges, including receptaculitids, are Francis, London, 248 pp., 38 pis. given. Receptaculites occidentalis Salter is figured

Amphispongia oblonga Salter from the Silurian (fig. 6d) and described (p. 75).

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 81 See also: 1 889b. On Archaeocyathus, Billings, and on oth- Hinde, G. J., 1888. er genera allied thereto, or associated there- with from the Cambrian strata of North 1888. A Monograph of the British Fossil America, Spain, Sardinia, and Scotland Sponges. Volume 1, Part II. Sponges of the [abstr.]. Canadian Record of Science, vol. 3, Palaeozoic Group. Palaeontolographical So- no. 6, pp. 373-374. ciety [Monographs], vol. 80, pp. 93-188, 9 The lithistid sponge Nipterella n. gen. (= Cal- pis., 2 tables. athium (?) paradoxicum Billings) and the siliceous The following sponges are described: Ordovi- sponge Calathium Billings are found in the highest cian and Silurian Ischadites Murchison and /. ko- Cambrian [Ordovician] Calciferous Formation in enigii Murchison; Silurian /. lindstroemi Hinde, the Mingan Islands, Newfoundland, and the Dur- Amphispongia Salter, and A. oblonga Salter; De- ness Limestone in Scotland (p. 374). They are not vonian Sphaerospongia Pengelly and S. tessellata related to Archaeocyathus. Phillips; Ordovician to Devonian Receptaculites and Silurian to Devonian R. Defrance, neptuni Hinman, Eugene E. Defrance(pp. 119-122, 126-132, 135-140; pi. 2, 1968. biohermal facies in the Silurian of east- figs. 1-3; pi. 3, fig. 3; pi. 4, figs. 1-2). The following A are listed: Ischadites, Receptaculites, Acantho- ern Iowa. Iowa Geological Survey Report of chonia, and Sphaerospongia; Ischadites koenigii, Investigation 6, 52 pp., 13 text-figs., 1 table. I. antiquus, I. tessellatus, I. lindstroemi, and /. A receptaculitid and an ischaditid are found in grindrodi; Sphaerospongia (= Sphaeronites Phil- the Silurian Niagaran Gower Dolomite in Brady lips), Pasceolus and Polygonosphaerites; Scyphia Quarry, Cedar County, Iowa (pp. 33, 47). cornucopiae Goldfuss; Pasceolus rathi Kayser, and Dictyophyton gerolsteinense F. Roemer [probably Hints, Linda Sphaerospongia]; Sphaerospongia sculpta, S. vichtensis, and S. megarhaphis; Receptaculites See: neptuni and R. occidentalis. Dictyophyton danbyi, Polma, L., L. Sarv, and L. Hints, 1977. formerly referred to Receptaculites and Tetragonis (= Ischadites), differs markedly from those genera. Hintze, Lehi F. Ischadites micropora Salter and Sphaerospongia hospitalis Salter are doubtful species (pp. 179, 182, 195 la. Lower Ordovician detailed stratigraphic 187). Ischadites makes its first appearance in the sections for western Utah. Utah Geological Lower Llandeilo at Garn, Arenig, Wales (p. 97). and Mineralogical Survey Bulletin 39, 99 pp.,

Amphispongia is limited to a horizon of the Upper 1 1 text-figs. Ludlow at a single locality in the Pentland Hills Receptaculites sp. and R. mammillaris Walcott of Edinburgh (p. 96). Sphaerospongia occurs in the are reported from the Lower Ordovician Kanosh Devonian in Devonshire (p. 97). Shale of the Pogonip Group in western Utah. Re- Walcott occurs in the Lower See also: ceptaculites elongatus Ordovician Fillmore Limestone of the Pogonip Hinde, G.J. , 1887. Group and in the Garden City Formation (pp. 1 9, 52, 56, 62, 66, 76-77, 92, 94). 1 889a. On Archaeocyathus, Billings, and on oth-

er genera, allied to or associated with it, from the Cambrian strata of North America, Spain, 1951b. Ordovician stratigraphy of central Utah. Sardinia, and Scotland. Quarterly Journal of [Utah Geological Society.] Guidebook to the the Geological Society [London], vol. 45, pp. Geology of Utah. Number 6. Geology of the Confusion Mil- 125-148, pi. 5. Canyon, House and Ranges, lard County, Utah. Intermountain Associa- The siliceous sponge Calathium is compared to tion of Petroleum Geologists, Salt Lake City, Archaeocyathus. Calathium, C.formosum, and C. Utah (distributed by Utah Geological and anstedi Billings, are described (pp. 126, 141-142, Mineralogical Survey), pp. 38-43, text-figs. The lithistid n. 144). sponge Nipterella gen. (= 8-9. Calathium paradoxicum Billings) is described (pp.

144-145, pi. 5, fig. 15). Receptaculitids occur in unit V of the Ordovi-

82 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY cian Pogonip Group, within the Chazyan ofcentral 1951) forms a 10-foot reef at the base of the Cal- Utah (p. 40). athium calcisiltite member of the Lower Ordo- vician Fillmore Limestone in the Ibex area, Utah 1952. Lower Ordovician trilobites from western (pp. 3, 6, 10-11, 22, 26). Ischadites and receptac- Utah and eastern Nevada. Utah Geological ulitids occur in the Lower Ordovician Kanosh Shale and Mineralogical Survey Bulletin 48, 249 pp., of the same area (pp. 6, 31).

28 pis., 2 text-figs., 12 tables. 1979. Preliminary zonations of Lower Ordo- The stratigraphic and geographic distributions vician of western Utah by various taxa. Brig- of the Ordovician sponges Receptaculites mam- ham Young University. Geology Studies, vol. millaris Walcott and R. elongatus Walcott in Utah 26, part 2, pp. 13-19, 14 text-figs. and Nevada are given. Calathium occurs in four members of the Fill- 1960. Ordovician of the Utah-Nevada Great more Formation and in the Wah Wah Limestone,

Basin; pp. 59-62, 1 text-fig. In Boettcher, Jer- and Receptaculites occurs in the Kanosh Shale. All ome W., and William W. Sloan, Jr. (eds.), are Lower Ordovician sponges of the Ibex area of Guidebook to the Geology of East Central western Utah (p. 1 6). Nevada, 1960. Eleventh Annual Field Con-

ference. Intermountain Association of Petro- Hintze, Lehi F., L. F. Braithwaite, David L. Clark, leum Geologists, Salt Lake City, Utah, 278 Raymond L. Ethington, and Rousseau H. pp. Flower

Receptaculites sp. is found in the Ordovician 1969. A fossiliferous Lower Ordovician refer- Shale of the in the south- Kanosh Pogonip Group ence section from western United States; pp. ern eastern Nevada Egan Range, (p. 59). 8-30. In LeMone, David V. (ed.), The Or- dovician Symposium. Third Annual Field 1973a. Geologic road logs of western Utah and Trip. El Paso Geological Society, El Paso, eastern Nevada. Brigham Young University. Texas, 162 pp. Geology Studies, vol. 20, part 2, 66 pp., 34 Sponge-like Calathium characterizes the upper text-figs. two-thirds of the Fillmore Limestone in Utah. Re- In in the Ordovician Pogonip Group the Ibex ceptaculites mammillaris Walcott and related area of Utah, a Calathium reef occurs in the Fossil species occur in the Kanosh Shale of the Ibex area, Zone I at the base of the Calathium calcisiltite Utah, and are useful zonal forms for much of the member of the Fillmore Formation. Receptacu- Great Basin (pp. 23-24). lites is found in Fossil Zone M, 100 feet above the base of the lower member of the Kanosh Shale (p. H i n \ man. L. W. 51). See: Peach, B. N., and others, 1907. 1 973b. Geologic history of Utah. Brigham Young University. Geology Studies, vol. 20, part 3, 181 pp., 83 text-figs., 46 charts. Hisinger, W. [Wilhelm, von]

Receptaculites is found in the Middle Ordovi- 1823. Anteckningar i Physik och Geognosi un- cian Kanosh Shale and Swan Peak Formation, and der resor uti Sverige och Norrige. Tredje haef- Calathium in the Lower Ordovician Garden City tet [Volume 3]. Palmblad & C. Upsala [issued and Fillmore Limestones of northwestern Utah in 5 volumes, 1819-1840], 103 pp., 2 tables, (pp. 121-123, 133, 135). 1 map, 5 pis.

Alcyonium sp. [Coelosphaeridium sphaericum 1973c. Lower and Middle Ordovician strati- (Kjerulf 1 865)] is described and figured as a bryo- graphic sections in the Ibex area, Millard zoan (pp. 87-89, pi. 3) from [Ordovician, Fang- County, Utah. Brigham Young University. berg Formation] shale in Mjosa district, Norway. Geology Studies, vol. 20, part 4, pp. 3-36, 6 text-figs., 2 tables. 1837. Lethaea Svecica seu Petrificata Sveciae, Calathium ^Receptaculites elongatus" of Hintze, Iconibus et Characteribus Illustrata. Norsted

NITECK1 ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 83 and Sons, Stockholm, 124 + 11 + 6 pp., 42 Coelosphaeridium (fig. 8a), Cyclocrinus (figs. 7, 8b),

pis. and Mastopora (fig. 8c) are figured.

A polyparium [Ischadites] from Gotland is de- See also: scribed and figured as a form of Prionotus Nilss. Hoeg, O. A., 1936b and 1966. Graptolithus Linn. (p. 1 15; pi. 36, fig. 2).

1936b. Norges fossile flora. Naturen, 60 aar- Hochstetter, Ferdinand Christian von gang, 1936, pp. 7-21, 47-61, 84-94, 34 text-

1859. Notizen ueber einige fossile thierreste und figs. deren in Neu-Holland, Lagerstaetten gesam- This is identical to Hoeg, 1936a, except for pag- melt daselbst waehrend des Aufenthaltes Sr. ination. Majestaet Fregatte Novara im Monate De- cember 1858. Sitzungsberichte der Kaiser- See also: lichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Ma- Hoeg, O. A., 1966. thematisch-Natur-Wissenschaftliche Classe,

vol. 35, pp. 349-358. 1961. Ordovician algae in Norway. Studies of Ordovician Algae. Colorado School of Mines Silurian Receptaculites clarkii is listed from Port Quarterly, vol. 56, no. 2, pp. 103-116. [The Stephens, Australia (p. 355). plates referred to by Hoeg appear in Johnson, J. H., 1961a.] 1 1 Hi». Ove Arbo

Four Ordovician dasycladaceous algae, Cyclo- 1927. Dimorphosiphon rectangulare. Prelimi- crinus, Mastopora, Coelosphaeridium, and Apid- nary note on a new Codiacea from the Or- ium (= Pasceolus) are described. Cyclocrinus and dovician of Norway. Avhandlinger utgitt av Coelosphaeridium are characteristic of the upper Det Norske Videnskaps-Akademi i Oslo. I. Middle Ordovician of the Oslo region (Hadeland Matem.-Naturvid. Klasse, 1927, no. 4, 15 pp., and the Mjosa area). Mastopora concava Eichwald 3 pis., 3 text-figs. occurs in the Middle Ordovician, although the ge- Middle Ordovician Cyclocrinus is listed from nus is chiefly Silurian. The ecology of these algae the Mjosa District in Norway (p. 3). is discussed (pp. 107-108).

1933. Ordovician algae from the Trondheim 1966. Norges Fossile Flora. Universitetsforla- 95 38 area; pp. 63-96, pis. 1-1 1, text-figs. 7-13. In get, Oslo, pp., text-figs. Kiaer, Johan (ed.), The Hovin Group in the Cyclocrinus, Coelosphaeridium, and Mastopora, Trondheim area. Skrifter utgitt av det Norske Ordovician dasycladaceous algae from Norway, Videnskaps-Akademi i Oslo, I: Matematisk- are illustrated and discussed (pp. 26-28, 88, figs. Naturvidenskapelig Klasse, 1932, vol. 1, no. 7-8). Apidium is mentioned (p. 26). 4, 175 pp.

See also: Apidium rotundum n. sp. from the Ordovician O. 1936a and 1936b. Holandet Limestone in Norway is described and Hoeg, A., figured as a probable dasycladacean alga (pp. 76- Hoelder, H. 77, 90; pi. 7, figs. 4-6, text-fig. 9, table 3). It has branched tubes and its cortical cells have some 1972. Nomenklatorischer Kurzbericht. Pa- resemblance to those of Cyclocrinus. The shape laeontologische Zeitschrift. Organ der and internal anatomy differ considerably from the Deutschen Palaeontologischen Gesellschaft, four previously described species of Apidium. Band 46, Nr. 3-4, pp. 251-255.

The opinion of the International Commission 1936a. Norges fossile flora. Paleontologisk Mu- on Zoological Nomenclature concerning the name seum Smaskrifter no. 2, Oslo, A. S. John Receptacules is summarized. Receptaculites De- Griegs, Bergen, 43 pp., 34 text-figs. france 1828 [sic] is considered a plant. Coelosphaeridium, Cyclocrinus, Apidium, and Mastopora, Middle Ordovician dasycladaceous al- See also: gae from Norway, are described (pp. 17-19), and Melville, R. V., and W. E. China, 1970.

84 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Hoernes, Rudolf States Bureau of Mines Report of Investiga- tions 4350, 36 pp., 7 text-figs. 1884. Elemente der Palaeontologie (Palaeo- zoologie). Verlag von Veit & Co., Leipzig, 570 An upper Receptaculites zone occurs at the base pp., 672 text-figs. of the Middle Ordovician Stewartville Member of

the Galena Formation near Galena, Illinois (p. 1 2, Silurian [and Ordovician] lschadites Murchi- table 2). son, Cyclocrinus Eichwald, Pasceolus Billings, and Devonian Polygonosphaerites Roemer belong to 1 948b. Investigation of Royal Princess zinc-lead the Receptaculitidae (pp. 43-44). deposit, Jo Daviess County, Illinois. United States Bureau of Mines Report of Investiga- 1886. Manuel de Paleontologie. Librairie F. tions 4386, 13 pp., 5 text-figs. Savy, Paris, 741 pp., 672 text-figs. An upper Receptaculites zone occurs at the base The Receptaculitidae, a problematic group (for- of the Stewartville Member of the Middle Ordo- aminifers?), are united with Dactyloporidae by F. vician Galena Formation near Galena, Illinois Roemer and Zittel. Receptaculites Defrance from (p. 5, table the Silurian [Ordovician] and Devonian of Europe 1). and North America is described. Silurian [and Or- Olaf dovician] lschadites Murchison, Cyclocrinus Holtedahl, Pasceolus and Devonian Po- Eichwald, Billings, 1909 [1910]. Studien ueber die Etage 4. Des Roemer to the lygonosphaerites belong Recepta- norwegischen Silursystems beim Mjosen. Vi- culitidae Calathium and Am- (pp. 43-44). Billings denskaps-selskapets Skrifter. I. Matematisk- Salter are phispongia sponges (Dictyonina, Naturvidenskapelig Klasse, 1909, no. 7, 76 (p. 77). Euretidae) pp., 15 text-figs.

Hogberg, Rudolph Coelosphaeridium cyclocrinophilum F. Roem., Mastopora concava Eichwald, Cyclocrinus sp., C. See: schmidti Stolley, C. oelandicus Stolley, C. van- Tufford, S., and R. 1965. Hogberg, hoeffeni Stolley and C. balticus Stolley characterize a Chasmops-Siphoneen-stratum and other zones Holland, C. H. in the Mjosa Ordovician Stage 4. Coelosphaerid- ium and are abundant. 1971. Silurian faunal provinces; pp. 61-76, 2 Cyclocrinus locally very This area is with other in south- text-figs., 5 tables. In Middlemiss, F. A., P. compared regions ern and the British Isles. F. Rawson, and G. Newall (eds.), Faunal Norway, Estonia, Recep- taculites is listed as a Provinces in Space and Time. Proceedings of sp. bryozoan; Cyclocrinus and occur in the 17th Inter-University Geological Con- sp., Coelosphaeridium, Mastopora the Oslo and and Nidulites gress held in Queen Mary College (Univer- region Cyclocrinus fa- vus in the British Isles 11, 15-18, 23-27, 30- sity of London)— 17, 18, 19 December 1969. (pp. Geological Journal Special Issue No. 4. Seal 38, 42, 50, 57, 61-62, 64-70, 75). House Press, Liverpool, 236 pp. 1912. On some Ordovician fossils from Boothia The paleoequatorial distribution of receptacu- Felix and King William Land collected during litid algae from the Ordovician through the De- the Norwegian expedition of the Gjoa, Cap- vonian appears more restricted than of other ben- tain Amundsen, through the Northwest Pas- thonic groups of equivalent age. sage. Videnskaps-selskapets Skrifter. I. Ma- tematisk-Naturvidenskapelig Klasse, 1912, Holloway, D. J. no. 9, 1 1 pp., 4 pis., 1 map. See: A typical Trenton (Galena) Receptaculites oweni Campbell, K. S. W., D. J. Holloway, and W. Hall from King William Land is described, fig- D.Smith, 1974. ured, and compared with R. occidentalis Salter and R. arcticus Etheridge (pp. 4, 6, 1 1; pi. 1, figs. 1-2; Holt, Stephen P. pi. 4, fig. 3).

1 948a. Investigation ofthe Blewett zinc-lead de- posit, Jo Daviess County, Illinois. United 1913. The Cambro-Ordovician beds of Bache

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 85 Peninsula and the neighbouring regions of Proceedings of the Geologists Association Ellesmere Land; 14 pp., 4 pis., 1 map. In Wille, [London], vol. 45, part 3, pp. 324-329, pi. 26. Nordal (ed.), Report ofthe Second Norwegian Coelosphaeridium and Mastopora occur in the Arctic Expedition in the "Fram" 1898-1902. lower part of Zone 4b in the Mjosen district of Volume 4, no. 28. Videnskaps-selskapets i Norway. Cyclocrinus is found in the upper part of Kristiania [later Norske Videnskaps-akademi the zone in the same area. These are typical Middle i Oslo], Kristiania. Ordovician algae of Estonia (p. 326). Receptaculites occurs in Niagaran or Clinton [Silurian] limestones at Cape Harrison, Arctic 1953. Norges Geologi. Norges Geologiske Un-

Canada (p. 1 2). dersekelse, no. 164, 2 vols., 1118 pp., 24 pis.,

485 text- figs., numerous 'tables. 1919. On the Paleozoic formations of Finmar- Coelosphaeridium cyclocrinophilum (fig. 74.8) ken in northern Norway. American Journal and Mastopora concava (fig. 74. 14) from the Mid- of Science, 4th ser., vol. 47, no. 278, art. 5, dle Ordovician Chasmops-series of the Oslo re- pp. 85-107, 10 text-figs. gion are figured. These calcareous algae occur in Calathium occurs in the Canadian Ordovician Cyclocrinus, Cyclocrinus-Coelosphaeridium, Coe-

Heclahook System on Bear Island (p. 100, foot- losphaeridium, Mastopora, and Coelosphaerid- note). ium-Mastopora beds in which Cyclocrinus is a

characteristic fossil (p. 198; fig. 75, pi. 5).

1920. On the Paleozoic series of Bear Island, Richard H. especially on the Heclahook System. Norsk Hopper,

Bind hefte 1 2 1- Geologisk Tidsskrift, 5, 2, pp. 1947. Geologic section from the Sierra Nevada 148, pis. 12-15, 6 text-figs. to Death Valley, California. Bulletin of the of vol. The sponges Calathium cf. pannosum and Ca- Geological Society America, 58, pp. 393-432. lathium sp. (similar to C. canadense) from the Middle Ordovician Heclahook of Bear Is- System Sponges of the genus Receptaculites are the only land are described and 127; pi. 12, figured (p. figs. fossils found in an (upper Ordovician?) Ely Springs? 4-5). dolomite in the Panamint Range of California. Receptaculites sp. has also been identified from

192 1 . the occurrence of structures like Wal- On near the top of a Cambrian and Lower Ordovician cott's in the Permian of En- Algonkian algae dolomitic series, just below the Eureka quartzite American Journal of ser. gland. Science, 5, (p. 407). vol. 1, pp. 195-206, 8 text-figs. Home, John Newlandia is possibly like Receptaculites (p. 204). See: 1924. On the rock formations of Novaya Zem- Peach, B. N., and J. Home, 1899 and 1930. lya with notes on the Paleozoic stratigraphy Peach, B. N., and others, 1907. of other Arctic lands. Report of the Scientific Results of the Norwegian Expedition to No- Horowitz, Alan S. vaya Zemlya, 1921, no. 22. Videnskaps-sel- See: skapets i Kristiania [later Norske Videnskaps- Shaver, R. H., and others, 1978. akademi i Oslo], Kristiania, 183 pp., 44 pis.

The following Ordovician fossils are listed: Ca- Hosterman, John W. lathium sp. and C. cf. pannosum from the Hecla- See: hook System on Bear Island, Receptaculites oweni Heyl, A. V., Jr., J. W. Hosterman, and M. R. from Boothia and King William Land, Receptac- Brock, 1964. ulites spp. from Cape Louis Napoleon in the Arctic Archipelago, and Receptaculites (R. oweni) from House, M. R. Greenland (pp. 1 13, 1 19-121). 1975. Faunas and time in the marine Devonian. 1934. The Lower Paleozoic sedimentary series. Proceedings of the Yorkshire Geological So-

86 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY ciety, Leeds, U.K., vol. 40, part 4, pp. 459- 1 943. New records of Receptaculitidae from the 490, pis. 30-31. Mississippi Valley. Bulletin ofthe Wagner Free Institute of Science, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 35-42, The sponges Receptaculitidae became extinct in lpl. the Devonian (p. 462). Ischadites infundibulum Hall, /. ohioensis (Hall Hovey, Edmund O. and Whitfield), /. reticulatus (Owen), and Cerio- nites dactioloides (Owen) are described and illus- See: trated. Name priorities are established for /. re- Whitfield, R. P., and E. O. Hovey, 1898, 1899, ticulatus and C. dactioloides. The following are and 1900. mentioned: Ischadites, I. canadensis, I. koenigi, Receptaculites, R. infundibulum, R. neptuni, R. oc- Howe, Herbert J. cidentalis, R. oweni, R. fungosum, R. globulare, L. 1959. Montoya Group stratigraphy (Ordovi- Lunulites, dactioloides, Pasceolus, Apidium, S. cian) of Trans-Pecos, Texas. Bulletin of the Cerionites, Cyclocrinus, Selenoides, iowensis, American Association of Petroleum Geolo- Orbitulites, and O. reticulata.

gists, vol. 43, no. 10, pp. 2285-2332, 30 text- 1956. A new Devonian from figs. Sphaerospongia western Australia. Bulletin of the Wagner Free Receptaculites is listed from the basal Upham Institute of Science, vol. 31, no. 1,4 pp., 1 pi. Limestone and the Cable Canyon Sandstone of the Ordovician Montoya Group in several West Texas Sphaerospongia teicherti n. sp. from the late Middle or Late Devonian in Western Aus- localities (pp. 2290, 2294, 2299-2302, 2321-2323, early tralia is and in 2327-2329). described, illustrated, placed family Receptaculitidae of lyssacine hexactinellid sponges. similar S. tessellata is men- 1965. Dalmanellidae from the Montoya Group A species, (Phillips), tioned from the Middle Devonian of and (Ordovician) of Trans-Pecos, Texas. Journal England possibly Ontario and Manitoba. of Paleontology, vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 235-247,

pi. 36, 7 text-figs. Hucke, Kurt, and Ehrhard Voigt Receptaculites is found in the Upham Dolomite 1967. in die of the Ordovician Montoya Group in the Florida Einfuehrung Geschiebeforschung (Sedimentaergeschiebe). Nederlandse Geolo- Mountains, New Mexico (p. 237, text-fig. 2). gische Vereniging, Oldenzaal, 1 32 pp., 50 pis., 24 text-figs. Howe, Wallace B., and John W. Koenig (eds.) The problematic Receptaculites and Ischadites 1961. The stratigraphic succession in Missouri. are sponges (p. 55). Cyclocrinus, Coelosphaerid- Missouri Geological Survey and Water Re- ium, and Mastopora are Ordovician calcareous al- sources [Report], 2nd ser., vol. 40, 185 pp., gae (p. 58). Mastopora concava Eichwald, Coelos- 1 pi., 27 text-figs., 4 tables. phaeridium cyclocrinophilum Roemer, Cyclocrinus Receptaculites oweni characterizes the Ordovi- porosus Stolley, and Ischadites koenigii Murchison cian in Missouri Kimmswick Formation (p. 28). are listed and figured (pi. 8, figs. 2-3; pi. 9, figs.

1-3; pi. 10, fig. 8). Most specimens are Baltic gla- Howell, Benjamin F. cial erratics of Middle Ordovician from the sili- ceous Backsteinkalk in Holland and are housed in 1 94 1 . Receptaculites mammillaris from the Or- the museum in Denekamp, Holland. dovician Tank Hill Formation of Nevada. Bulletin of the Wagner Free Institute of Sci- Huepsch, Johann Wilhelm Carl Adolph von ence, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 35-38, 2 pis. 1805. Naturgeschichte des Niederdeutschlands Receptaculites mammillaris Walcott, which re- und anderer Gegenden. Teil 2. Gabriel Ni- sembles R. occidentalis Salter, is described and colaus Raspe, Neurnberg, 1 p., pis. 8-15. [The illustrated from the Ordovician Tank Hill and Po- text of this part was never published.] gonip Formations in the Ely Springs Range and Eureka district of Nevada. Possible modes of life The [earliest known] figures of unnamed fossils for these problematic organisms are discussed. [now identified as Receptaculites neptuni Defrance

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 87 and Tettragonis murchisoni Eichwald] are given of Mines Bulletin, 57, 119 pp., 2 pis., 25 text-

(pi. 13, fig. 65; pi. 14, figs. 67-68; pi. 15, figs. 69- figs. 72). Receptaculites mammillaris and R. elongatus occur in member 4 of the Lower Ordovician Po- Huffman, George Garrett gonip Formation in the Eureka area, Nevada. 1945. Middle Ordovician limestones from Lee Abundant R. mammillaris forms a Receptaculites Virginia, to Central Kentucky. Jour- County, zone (pp. 18, 20-21, 23). nal of Geology, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 145-174, 9 17 tables. text-figs., Hunt, Charles B. Receptaculites sp. is found in the upper shaly 1975. Death Valley: Geology, Ecology, Archae- "Ottosee" Formation at Rye Cove in Scott Coun- ology. University of California Press, Berke- ty, Virginia (p. 1 54). ley, California, 234 pp., 161 text-figs., 5 ta- bles. Hughes, N. F.

See: Receptaculites is associated with Palliseria and Maclurites in Lower and Middle Ordovician lime- Banks, H. P., K. I. M. Chesters, N. F. Hughes, G. A. L. Johnson, H. M. Johnson, and L. stones of the Pogonip Group in Death Valley, Cal- R. Moore, 1967. ifornia (p. 91).

Hume, George S. Hunt, Charles B., and Don R. Mabey

1 920. and relations of The stratigraphy geologic 1966. Stratigraphy and structure, Death Valley, the Paleozoic outlier of Lake Timiskaming. California. United States Geological Survey American Journal of 4th vol. Science, ser., 50, Professional Paper 494-A, 162 pp., 3 pis., 120 2 pp. 293-309, text-figs. text-figs., 26 tables.

Receptaculites oweni occurs in the Middle Or- Receptaculites occurs in the Lower and Middle dovician Formation in the Lake Ti- Haileybury Ordovician Pogonip Group in Death Valley, Cal- district of Ontario, Canada (p. 302). miskaming ifornia (pp. 10, 34-35). Its occurrence in the Upper Ordovician Ely Springs Dolomite may be in a fault 1925. The Paleozoic outlier of Lake Timiska- block from the upper part of the Pogonip Group ming, Ontario and Quebec. Geological Survey (P. 38). of Canada Memoir 145, 129 pp., 16 pis., 7 text-figs., maps. Hurst, J. M. Receptaculites oweni from the Ordovician Lis- See: keard Formation around Lake Timiskaming, On- Peel, J. S., and J. M. Hurst, 1980. tario and Quebec, is figured (pp. 18, 20-21; pi. 4, fig. 1). This hydrozoan is also found in the Galena A. Formation of Minnesota and the Galena-equiva- Hushmand-Zadeh, lents of Baffin Island and Manitoba (p. 24). See:

Stoecklin, J., J. Eftekhar-Nezhad, and A. 1 926. Ordovician and Silurian fossils from Great Hushmand-Zadeh, 1965. Slave Lake. Contributions to Canadian Pa- leontology. Geological Survey of Canada, Hussey, Russell C. Museum Bulletin, no. 44 (Geol. Ser. no. 46), pp. 59-64, 122-125, pis. 12-13. 1928. Corals, brachiopods, gastropods and os- tracods from Putnam Highland; pp. 71-75, 4 Ordovician Receptaculites sp. resembling R. ow- In Gould, Laurence M., F. Foerste, eni is described and illustrated from the north arm pis. August and Russell C. Contributions to the of Great Slave Lake in the Northwest Territories Hussey, geology of Foxe Land, Baffin Island. Contri- (pp. 60-62; pi. 12, pp. 122-123). butions from the Museum of Paleontology, Humphrey, Fred L. University of Michigan, vol. 3, no. 3, part 3.

1 960. Geology ofthe White Pine mining district, Ordovician Receptaculites sp. from Putnam White Pine County, Nevada. Nevada Bureau Highland, Baffin Land, is listed (p. 75).

88 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY 1950. The Ordovician Rocks of the Escanaba- Hyde, Jack II., and Gerald W. Huttrer Stonington Area. The Annual Geological Ex- 1 970. Geology ofCentral Grant Range, Nevada. cursion of the Michigan Geological Society, Bulletin of the American Association of Pe- June 1950. [Michigan Geological Society, Ann troleum Geologists, vol. 54, no. 3, pp. 503- Arbor, Michigan?], 24 pp., 3 pis., 1 map. 521, 8 text-figs., 1 table. Receptaculites oweni Hall, an Ordovician sponge, Receptaculites sp. is listed from the Ordovician occurs in the Chandler Falls section on the Esca- Pogonip Group of east-central Nevada (p. 506). naba River in Delta County, Michigan (p. 8).

Ingels, Jerome J. C. 1952. The Middle and Upper Ordovician rocks of Michigan. Michigan Department of Con- 1 963. Geometry, paleontology, and petrography servation, Geological Survey Division Pub- of Thornton reef complex, Silurian of north-

lication 46, Geol. Ser. 39, 89 pp., 10 pis., 1 1 eastern Illinois. Bulletin of the American As-

text- figs. sociation of Petroleum Geologists, vol. 47,

no. 3, pp. 405-440, 2 pis., 1 6 text-figs., 1 table. Receptaculites oweni (Hall) is listed from the Middle Ordovician Chandler Falls Member of the A Silurian sponge, Calathium (?) sp., from flank Trenton Formation at Chandler Falls, Michigan. deposits of the Thornton reef complex in north- eastern is Receptaculites sp. is figured (pp. 26, 86-87; pi. 10, Illinois figured (p. 417; pi. 2, fig. 3). fig. 16). See also:

Huttrer, Gerald W. Ingels, J. J. C, 1975.

See: 1975. Geometry, paleontology, and petrography J. and G. W. 1970. Hyde, H., Huttrer, of Thornton reef complex, Silurian of north- eastern Illinois. Silurian Reefs of Great Lakes Thomas and Robert Huxley, Henry, Etheridge Region of North America. American Asso- ciation of Petroleum Se- 1865. A Catalogue of the Collection of Fossils Geologists. Reprint ries no. 2 16 1 in the Museum of Practical Geology with an 14, pp. 45-80, pis., text-figs., table. Explanatory Introduction. George E. Eyre and

William 38 1 Spottiswoode, London, pp. This is identical to Ingels, J. J. C, 1963.

The following are housed in the Museum of See also: Practical Geology in London: Ischadites from the D. and C. 1964. Woolhope Beds in Malvern and from the Wenlock Toomey, F., J. J. Ingels, in Dudley; /. antiquus from the Llandeilo flags in Ingham, J. Keith Cam Arenig; /. koenigii from the Lower Ludlow in Ledbury, from the Woolhope Beds in Buildwas See: and from the Ludlow in Upper Ludlow; Sphae- Ross, R. J., Jr., and J. K. Ingham, 1970. rospongia from the Caradoc in Onny, Cheney, and Acton S. tessellata the Longville Scot; from Irish, E. J. W. Middle Devonian in Newton Bushell; and Nidu- 1964. Preliminary account of the Lower Paleo- litesfavus from the Lower Llandovery in Haver- zoic strata of a part of northeastern British ford West, Mullocks Hill, Ayrshire (pp. 24, 27, 34, Columbia. Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum 57, 64, 69, 76, 96). Geology, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 808-830, 3 text-

figs., 1 table, map. Hyatt, Alpheus

Receptaculites sp. occurs in the late Llandovery 1885. Cruise of the Arethusa. (Letters to the (Early Silurian) or earliest Wenlock (Middle Si- editor.) Science, vol. 6, no. 143, pp. 384-386. lurian) of northeastern British Columbia (p. 818). Calathium, a probable sponge, is found in the Quebec Group near Port au Port, Newfoundland. 1970. Halfway River Map-area, British Colum- It is believed to have given rise to Lower Silurian bia. Geological Survey of Canada Paper 69-

[Ordovician] forms. 11, 154 pp., 9 pis., 6 text-figs., 1 map.

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 89 Silurian Receptaculites sp. is listed from north- Jack, Robert Logan, and Robert Etheridge, Jr. eastern British Columbia (p. 29). 1892. The Geology and Paleontology of Queensland and New Guinea with Sixty-eight Isbister, A. K. Plates and a Geological Map of Queensland. 1855. On the geology of the Hudson's Bay ter- Published under the authority of the Hon. W. ritories, and of portions of the Arctic and O. Hodgkinson, Minister of Mines and Public northwestern regions of America; with a col- Instruction, Queensland. James Charles Beal, oured geological map. Quarterly Journal of Government Printer, Brisbane; Dulau and Co.,

the Geological Society [London], vol. 1 1, pp. London, 768 pp., 69 pis., maps. 497-520, 1 map. The Upper Silurian to Devonian? Gympie Beds Receptaculites neptunii is found in the Lower in Queensland contain Receptaculites (p. 95). Silurian [Ordovician] of Lake Winnipeg, Canada. A coral of uncertain age, possibly Receptaculites, Jackson, Margie occurs northern Hudson's along Bay (Igloolik, See: Melville Peninsula, and Amherst Island) (pp. SOT- Rogers, W. S., M. Jackson, and [F.] K. SOS). McKinney, 1964.

See also: Jaffrezo, Michel Isbister, A. K., 1856.

See :

1856. On the geology of the Hudson's Bay ter- Bassoullet, J.-P., P. Bernier, R. Deloffre, P. M. A.-F. G. Se- ritories, and of portions of the Arctic and Genot, Jaffrezo, Poignant, 1975 and 1977. northwestern regions of America. American gonzac, P. R. P. Journal of Science and Arts, 2nd ser., vol. 21, Bassoullet, J.-P., Bernier, Deloffre, pp. 313-338. Genot, M. Jaffrezo, and D. Vachard, 1979.

This is identical to A. Isbister, K., 1855, except James, Jack A. for pagination. See:

G. and J. A. 1949. Ivanov, Alexei Nikolajevich, and Elizaveta Iva- Muilenburg, A., James, novna Miagkova James, Joseph F. 1950. Opredelitel fauny Ordovika zapadnogo 1881. of the Fossils of the Cincinnati sklona srednego Urala. Akademia Nauk SSSR, Catalogue Group. [Published by the author], James Bar- Uralskii filial. Trudy gorno-geologischeskogo clay, Cincinnati, Ohio, 27 pp. instituta. Vypusk 18, 32 pp., 19 pis. Uralskii Filial Akademii SSSR. Sverdlovsk. Nauk The following species of uncertain taxonomic position from the Cincinnati Ordovician to Carboniferous Receptaculites [Ordovician] Group are listed: Anomaloides reticulatus Ulrich, Lepi- Defrance is described, and R. meandriformis Iva- dolites dickhauti L. Pas- nov from the Middle Ordovician of River Kosva Ulrich, elongatus Ulrich, ceolus claudi S. A. Miller, P. darwini S. A. Miller, in the Urals is described and figured as belonging and P. globosus Billings (pp. 26-27). Calathium to Porifera 1 1 (?) (p. 9, pi. , fig. , text-figs. A and obliquum Ulrich is listed with sponges (p. 6). B).

1885. Remarks of the genera Lepidolites, Jaanusson, Valdar Anomaloides, Ischadites and Receptaculites 1945. Ueber die Stratigraphie der Viru-resp. from the Cincinnati Group. Journal of the Chasmops-Serie in Estland. Geologiska Foe- Cincinnati Society of Natural History, vol. 8, reningens i Stockholm Foerhandlingar, vol. no. 3, pp. 163-166. 67, no. 2, pp. 212-224. The sponge order Receptaculitidae consists of In Estonia the Ordovician Mastopora concava Ischadites Murchison, Sphaerospongia Pengelly, is a characteristic element of Idavere rather than Acanthochonia Hinde, and Receptaculites De- Kukruse beds (p. 221). france. Pasceolus, Ischadites (= Lepidolites) dick-

90 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY hauti, I. (= Lepidolites) elongatus, Receptaculites Astylospongia sp. and Pasceolus sp. from the (= Anomaloides) reticulatus, and R. occidentalis Lower Silurian [Ordovician] Cincinnati Group are are mentioned. listed.

1887. Protozoa of the Cincinnati Group. Jour- nal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural His- 1875. Catalogue of Lower Silurian fossils of the tory, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 244-252. Cincinnati Group, found at Cincinnati and vicinity— within a circuit of 40 or 50 miles. The following sponges from the [Ordovician] New edition, much enlarged. Palaeontology. Cincinnati Group are described: Astylospongia Published by the author, Cincinnati, Ohio, 8 tumida U. P. James [Cyclocrinites darwini], Pas- PP. ceolus Billings, P. globosus Billings, P. darwinii S. A. Miller (= P. claudii S. A. Miller), Ischadites Pasceolus sp. (?), P. claudei S. A. Miller, and P. Murchison (= Lepidolites Ulrich), /. dickhauti (\J\- = darwini S. A. Miller of uncertain class from the rich) (= Lepidolites dickhauti Ulrich L. elon- Lower Silurian Cincinnati are gatus Ulrich), Receptaculites Defrance (= Anom- [Ordovician] Group aloides Ulrich) and R. reticulatus Ulrich (= listed (p. 8). Anomaloides reticulatus Ulrich) (pp. 244, 248- 250). 1878. Descriptions of newly discovered species of fossils from the Lower Silurian forma- 1 89 1 . Manual of the paleontology of the Cin- cinnati Group. Journal of the Cincinnati So- tion—Cincinnati Group. Palaeontologist, no. 1-7. Published the Cincin- ciety of Natural History, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 1, pp. by author, 45-72, 6 text-figs. nati, Ohio.

The following problematic sponges are de- A sponge, Astylospongia tumidus James [= Cy- scribed: Pasceolus Billings, P. globosus Billings, P. clocrinites darwini (Miller)], from the Lower Si- darwinii Miller, /*.(?) tumidus U. P. James (= lurian [Ordovician] Cincinnati Group is described Astylospongia tumidus), Receptaculites Defrance, (p. 1). R. reticulatus Ulrich, R. circularis Emmons, R. dickhauti Ulrich (= Lepidolites dickhauti = L. elongatus), and Leptopoterion Ulrich (pp. 53-54, 1879. Supplement to catalogue of Lower Silu- 58-63). Pasceolus claudii and Cyclocrinus are rian fossils of the Cincinnati Group, found at mentioned. Anomaloides and Lepidolites are con- Cincinnati and within a radius of forty or fifty generic with Receptaculites. Leptopoterion Ulrich miles. new and about 1 50 from Cincinnati, Ohio, is described as an unrec- Containing genera new described since the publication ognizable genus or species. species, of the catalogue, April 1875, and other iden- tified species, synonyms, etc. Palaeontologist, Published the James, Uriah Pierson no. 4, pp. 29-32. by author, Cincinnati, Ohio. 1871. Catalogue of the Lower Silurian fossils, Cincinnati found at Cincinnati and Group, A sponge, Astylospongia tumidus James [= Cy- vicinity— within a range of forty or fifty miles. clocrinites darwini (Miller)], and Lepidolites Palaeontology. Published by the author, Cin- dickhauti Ulrich and L. elongatus Ulrich (class cinnati, Ohio, 14 pp. uncertain) are listed from the Lower Silurian [Or- CyclocrinitesO, a cystidean from the Lower Si- dovician] Cincinnati Group (pp. 29, 32). lurian [Ordovician] Cincinnati Group, is listed (p. 6).

W. Calvin 1873. Additions to catalogue of Lower Silurian James, fossils, Cincinnati Group. Palaeontology. Published by the author, Cincinnati, Ohio, See: pp. 15-17. Shaver, R. H., and others, 1978.

NITECKJ ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 91 Jameson, Robert Johnsen, John H.

1971. The limestones (Middle Ordovician) of 1 826. Appendix. Notes on the geology of the Jefferson County, New York. New York State countries discovered during Captain Parry's Museum and Science Service. Geological Sur- Second Expedition, A.D. 1821-1822-1823; vey Map and Chart Series no. 13, 88 pp., 2 Sir pp. 210-224. In Parry, William Edward, text-figs., 1 map. Journal of a Third Voyage for the Discovery Cyclocrinites (= Pasceolus) globosus (Billings) of a Northwest Passage from the Atlantic to has been reported from the upper limit of the Den- the Pacific, Performed in the Years 1824- mark Formation and the base of the Hallowell 1825, in His Majesty's Ships Hecla and Fury. Member of the Cobourg Formation in Jefferson H. C. Carey and I. Lea, Philadelphia, Penn- County, New York (pp. 26, 28). sylvania, 232 pp., 1 map, appendices. [Pub- lished in Great Britain as: Voyages for the Johnson, G. A. L. Discovery ofa Northwest Passage, 1 8 1 9-1 825.

Volume 7.] See:

Banks, H. P., K. I. M. Chesters, N. F. Hughes, [This is the first description of receptaculitids G. A. L. Johnson, H. M. Johnson, and L. from North America.] R. Moore, 1967. "A species ofa new genus [Fisheries reticulatus]

of coral was found in a piece of limestone by . . . Johnson, H. M. Mr. Stokes who communicated the following ac- count of it: - The new fossil coral is a flat lobe, See: covered on both sides with pores, which are ob- Banks, H. P., K. I. M. Chesters, N. F. Hughes, scurely laminated, and each pore or cell is contin- G. A. L. Johnson, H. M. Johnson, and L. ued through the substance of the coral. The cells R. Moore, 1967. are arranged in curved radii from a centre, like the lines upon an engine-turned watchcase, and (which Johnson, J. Harlan is unusual in increase in size as are corals) they 1936. Paleozoic formations of the Mosquito more distant from the centre. On one surface the Range, Colorado. United States Geological cells appear to be all four-sided, in which respect Survey Professional Paper 185-B, pp. 15-43, also they differ from all other corals." [Ordovi- pis. 1-7, text-fig. 2, tables. cian], Mountain Limestone, Igloolik Island (p. 222). Receptaculites sp. is listed from the Ordovician Fremont Limestone in the Mosquito Range, Col- Jell, J. S. orado (p. 23). See: 1943. of calcareous Wyatt, D. H., and J. S. Jell, 1967. Geologic importance algae with annotated bibliography. Colorado School

of Mines Quarterly, vol. 38, no. 1, 102 pp., Jicha, Henry L., Jr. 23 text- figs., 2 tables. 1954. and mineral of Lake Geology deposits The annotated bibliography of calcareous algae and Sierra Valley Quadrangle, Grant, Luna, includes references to certain receptaculitids. Counties, New Mexico. New Mexico State Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources Bul- See also: letin 93 5 13 8 tables. 37, pp., pis., text-figs., Johnson, J. H., 1957 and 1967.

The sponge Calathium is abundant in the Bat 1944. Paleozoic stratigraphy of the Sawatch Cave Formation of the Lower Ordovician El Paso Range, Colorado. Bulletin of the Geological Group in the Cooks Range, New Mexico. Recep- Society of America, vol. 55, pp. 303-378, 1 1 taculites, a characteristic fossil of the Upham Do- pis., 7 text-figs. lomite, is found in the same region in the upper part of the Cable Canyon Sandstone of the late Receptaculites sp. and R. oweni are reported from Middle and Upper Ordovician Montoya Group the Upper Ordovician Fremont Limestone of the (pp. 10, 12, 14). Sawatch Range, central Colorado (pp. 324, 364).

92 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY 1945. A resume of the Paleozoic stratigraphy of Colorado School of Mines Quarterly, vol. 52, Colorado. Colorado School of Mines Quar- no. 2, 92 pp.

terly, vol. 40, no. 3, 109 pp., 2 pis., 17 text- This is a supplement to J. H. Johnson 1943, figs., 10 tables. listing selected published references to the Ordo- The Ordovician Fremont Formation in Colo- vician Apidium, Coelosphaeridium, Cyclocrinus, rado contains Receptaculites oweni Hall near Can- Mastopora and Nidulites (pp. 4, 14, 36, 44). on City and Receptaculites sp. in the Bonanza Dis- trict and in Gunnison County (pp. 26, 29). See also: Johnson, J. H., 1943 and 1967. 1952. Ordovician rock-building algae. Studies of organic limestones and limestone-building 1961a. Review of Ordovician algae. Studies of organisms. Colorado School of Mines Quar- Ordovician algae. Colorado School of Mines

terly, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 29-56, 12 pis., 3 Quarterly, vol. 56, no. 2, pp. 1-101, 39 pis., tables. 5 maps, 2 tables.

Cyclocrinus Eichwald (= Pasceolus), Coelo- Apidium Stolley, Coelosphaeridium Roemer, sphaeridium Roemer, Apidium Stolley and Mas- Cyclocrinus Eichwald, and Mastopora Eichwald topora Eichwald (= Nidulites Salter) of tribe Cy- are described. Stratigraphic and geographic ranges clocrineae of the Dasycladaceae are described. The and Ordovician species of each genus are listed following Ordovician species are listed: Cyclocri- (pp. 36, 39-40, 43, 45-46, 48). Apidium indicum nus spasskii Eichwald, C. roemeri Stolley, C. plan- from India, A. rotundum from Norway, Coelo- us Stolley, C. membranaceus Stolley, C. balticus sphaeridium sphaericum from Wales, C. cyclocri-

Stolley, C. porosus Stolley (pi. 5, figs. 1-2), C. oe- nophilum from Norway, Cyclocrinus porosus, landicus Stolley, C. vanhoffeni Stolley, C. pyrifor- Mastopora pyriformis, and Nidulites are figured mis Stolley (pi. 4, fig. 6), C. multicavus Stolley, C. (pis. 14, 16-18). mickvitzi Stolley, C. schmidti Stolley (all Euro- pean); C. billingsi Roemer, C. claudei Miller, C. 1961b. Limestone-building Algae and Algal darwini Miller, C. globosus Billings, C. hospitalis Limestones. Colorado School of Mines,

Salter, C. mellifluus Salter (all American); Mas- Golden, Colorado, 297 pp., 139 pis. topora concava Eichwald, M.fava Salter, M. parva Coelosphaeridium Roemer, Cyclocrinus Eich- Nicholson and Etheridge, M. pyriformis Bassler wald, and Apidium Stolley, the Ordovician mem- (pi. 12, figs. 1-5), Coelosphaeridium cyclocrino- bers of the tribe Cyclocrineae, are described (pp. philum Roemer (pi. 6; pi. 8, fig. 1) (Ordovician 125-128). Coelosphaeridium cyclocrinophilum, from Norway); C. excavatum Stolley, C wesen- Cyclocrinus pyriformis, C porosus, Apidium ro- bergense Stolley and C. (Pasceolus) shianensis tundum, Mastopora pyriformis, and Nidulites are Reed, Apidium krausei Kiesow (from the Baltic figured. Provinces); A. indicum Reed (from India); A. pyg- maceum Stolley (from Estonia); A. rotundum Hoeg 1 964. Lower Devonian algae and encrusting Fo- (figured from Norway), and A. sorosis Stolley (from raminifera from New South Wales. Journal the Baltic region). of Paleontology, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 98-108, pis. 25-29, 1 text-fig. 1954. An introduction to the study of rock building algae and algal limestones. Colorado Receptaculites australis is listed from the Lower School of Mines Quarterly, vol. 49, no. 2, 1 17 to Middle Devonian Nubrigyn Formation in New pp., 62 pis., 10 tables. South Wales, Australia (p. 98).

Dasycladaceous algae of tribe Cyclocrineae are 1967. Bibliography of fossil algae, algal lime- discussed. Ordovician Cyclocrinus pyriformis stones, and the geological work of algae, 1956— Stolley, C. porosus Stolley, Coelosphaeridium cy- 1965. Colorado School of Mines Quarterly, clocrinophilum Roemer from Norway, and Mas- vol. 62, no. 4, 148 pp. 1 topora pyriformis Bassler are figured (pp. 70-7 ; pi. 31, fig. 6; pi. 32, figs. 1-2; pis. 33-34). The annotated bibliography of fossil algae, 1 956-

1 965, includes references to certain receptaculitids 1957. Bibliography of fossil algae: 1942-1955. and cyclocrinitids.

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 93 See also: 1 980. Paleoecological structure in Early Silurian Johnson, J. H., 1943 and 1957. platform seas of the North American mid- Banks, M. R., and J. H. Johnson, 1957. continent. Paleogeography, Paleoclimatolo-

gy, Paleoecology, vol. 30, pp. 191-216, 6 figs., Johnson, J. Harlan, and M. E. Dorr 7 tables.

1942. The Permian algal genus Mizzia. Journal Calcareous green algae Cyclocrinites dactio-

1 1 loides is listed from Silurian Llandoverian of Paleontology, vol. 6, no. , pp. 63-77, pis. Early in eastern 9-12, 1 text-fig., tables. Cyclocrinites beds Iowa (pp. 197, 201- 206, 209). Silurian [Ordovician] dasycladaceans of sub- tribe Cyclocrinineae, tribe Cyclocrineae, Coelo- See also: F. Roemer and are sphaeridium Apidium Stolley, Nitecki, M. H., and M. E. Johnson, 1978. described (pp. 64, 68). Johnson, Markes E., and Gregg T. Campbell Johnson, J. Harlan, and Kenji Konishi 1 980. Recurrent carbonate environments in the

1959. A review of Silurian (Gotlandian) algae. Lower Silurian of northern Michigan and their Studies of Silurian (Gotlandian) algae. Colo- inter-regional correlation. Journal of Paleon-

rado School of Mines Quarterly, vol. 54, no. tology, vol. 54, no. 5, pp. 1041-1057, 3 pis.,

1, pp. 1-114, 29 pis., 1 text-fig., 9 maps, 8 3 text-figs. tables. The green alga Cyclocrinites is reported from Ordovician to Silurian Mastopora of tribe Cy- the Lower Laminated Beds of the Silurian School- clocrineae is described and its Silurian distribution craft Formation in Michigan (p. 1045). Cyclocri- is given (pp. 5 1-52). Mastoporafava and M. parva nites occurs in the Silurian Hopkinton Formation of are figured (pi. 6, figs. 1-9). Cyclocrinus (= Pas- Iowa (p. 1053). ceolus halli Billings) is the only Silurian member Johnson, Meredith I .. and Bradford Willard of that genus (p. 1 1). Mastopora (= Nidulites), Ap- idium and Pia form sub- Stolley, Epimastopora 1957. Field Trip No. 4. Delaware Valley Paleo- tribe Mastoporinae. Lower Silurian Mastopora sp. zoics; 25 pp., figs. 2-3. In Dorf, Erling (ed.), Kiaer from M. from Scot- Norway, fava Wales, Guidebook for Field Trips. Atlantic City and Ordovician land, Norway, (?) Coelosphaeri- Meeting, 1957. Prepared for the Annual dium and C. from cyclocrinophilum [sic] spasskii Meeting of the Geological Society ofAmerica, the Netherlands and Goldsonia burntensis are list- Atlantic City, New Jersey. ed (pp. 13-15, 24, 26, 28). Receptaculites occidentalis Salter occurs in the lowest beds of the Ordovician Jacksonburg Lime- Johnson, Markes E. stone at several localities in New Jersey and Penn-

1975. Recurrent community patterns in epeiric sylvania (p. 1 1). seas: the Lower Silurian of eastern Iowa. Pro- ceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science, vol. Johnson, Mike S., and Donald E. Hibbard 82, no. 2, pp. 130-139, 2 pis., 1 text-fig. 1957. Geology of the Atomic Energy Commis- Cyclocrinites dactioloides (Owen), a dasyclada- sion Nevada proving grounds area, Nevada. ceous alga from the Cyclocrinites beds ofthe Lower Bulletin of the United States Geological Sur- Silurian Hopkinton Dolomite in eastern Iowa, is vey, 1021-K, pp. 333-384, pis. 32-33, text- 57. figured and listed (pi. 2, fig. 4; pp. 132, 135-136, fig.

138). Receptaculites elongatus Walcott and R. mam- millaris Walcott are present in the Early to Middle 1977. Succession and in the de- replacement Ordovician Pogonip Group at the Atomic Energy of Silurian velopment brachiopod popula- Commission proving grounds, Nevada (p. 348). tions. Lethaia, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 83-93. Johnson, R. D. The Cyclocrinites beds of the Lower Silurian Hopkinton Dolomite in eastern Iowa are men- See: tioned (pp. 84-85). Nelson, S. J., and R. D. Johnson, 1966.

94 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Johnston, William Alfred Nidulites favus is characteristic of the Lower Llandoverian (Silurian) Gasworks Mudstone near 1912. Geology of Lake Simcoe area, Ontario, Narberth and Haverfordwest, South Wales (p. 94). Brechin and Kirkfield sheets. Geological Sur- vey of Canada Summary Report, 1911, pp. Jones, Thomas Rupert 253-261. 1882. Catalogue of the Fossil Foraminifera in Receptaculites occidentalis Salter is listed from the Collection of the British Museum (Natural the [Ordovician] Coboconk and Kirkfield Lime- History). Taylor and Francis, London, 100 stones at Carden, Ontario, and the Kirkfield Lime- pp. stone at Fenelon Falls, Ontario (pp. 256-259). Is- chadites sp. occurs in the Prasopora beds of the The following [receptaculitids] from the British

Kirkfield Limestone near Brechin, Ontario (p. 26 1). Isles, Gotland, Estonia, Bohemia, North America, Northern India, and Belgium are housed with Fo- Jones, C. R., D. J. Gobbett, and Teiichi Kobayashi raminifera at the British Museum (Natural His- tory): Silurian Sphaerospongia (Nidulites), S. (Nid- 1966. of fossil record in Malaya and Summary ulites) favus, S. hospitalis, S. (Ischadites), S. Singapore, 1900-1965; pp. 309-359, 1 map. inosculans, S. mellijlua, Ischadites koenigi, Re- In Teiichi, and Ryuzo Toriyama Kobayashi, ceptaculites, R. orbis, R. occidentalis, R. arctica, and of South- (eds.), Geology Palaeontology R. neptunil, R. oweni, and Sphaeronites; Devo- east Asia. Volume 2. University of Tokyo nian Sphaeronites tessellatus and Receptaculites Press, 359 pp. Tokyo, neptuni. Notes on the Receptaculitidae, particu- Receptaculites, are included 2-4, Mastopora sp. from Ordovician rocks in Pulau larly (pp. 83). Langkawi in Malaya is listed (p. 311). See also: 1876. Jones, E. C. Anonymous,

See: Jonker, H. G. Barnes, V. E., P. E. Cloud, Jr., L. P. Dixon, 1904. tot de kenntnis der Sedimen- R. L. Folk, E. C. Jones, A. R. Palmer, and Bijdragen taire Zwerfsteenen in Nederland. E.J.Tynan, 1959. Groningen, G. A., Evers, pp. 1-91 + LV pp.

Jones, Herbert Llewelyn The following [Ordovician] fossils are listed from the erratic rocks ofGermany and the Netherlands: 1965. The Middle Devonian Winnepegosis For- Coelosphaeridium sp., C. cyclocrinophilum, C. cy- mation of Saskatchewan. Department of clocrinophilum var. conwentzianum, Cyclocrinus Mineral Resources, Province of Saskatche- sp., C. spaskii, C. porosus, Mastopora concava, and wan. Report 98, 101 pp., 20 pis., 15 text-figs., Apidium ? sp. (pp. 51, 53-58, 62, 66-67, 74-76). maps.

Sphaerospongia cornucopiae Goldfuss occurs in K a I jo. D. L. the upper member of the Middle Devonian Win- 1970. Raznye melkie gruppy; pp. 172-174. In nepegosis Formation ofSaskatchewan (pp. 22, 26- Kaljo, D. L. (ed.), Silur Estonii [The Silurian 27; pi. 18, fig. i, text-fig. 14). The stratigraphic and of Estonia]. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia geographic distributions of S. cornucopiae, S. tes- Geoloogia Instituut (Institut Geologii Nauk sellata, S. cf. burtini, and Sphaerospongia sp. are Estonskoi SSR), Tallinn, 344 pp., 50 tables. discussed (p. 27). Receptaculites infundibulum Schrenk from the Jones, Owen Thomas Llandoverian (Silurian) of Estonia is listed with Squamiferida (p. 173, table 20). 1929. Silurian System. Sedimentary and vol- canic rocks; pp. 88-121, text-figs. 15-19, 1 Kamptner, Erwin table. In Evans, John William, and Cyril James Stubblefield (eds.), Handbook of the Geol- 1958. Ueber das System und die Stammesge- ogy of Great Britain. A Compilative Work. schichte der Dasycladaceen (Siphoneae ver- Thomas Murby and Co., London, 556 pp. ticillatae). Annalen des Naturhistorischen

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 95 Museums in Wien. Wien. Band 62. Geologie 1935b. Ordovician Stewartville-Dubuque prob- und Palaeontologie, pp. 95-122, 1 table. lems. Journal of Geology, vol. 43, no. 6, pp. 561-590, 10 text-figs., 8 tables. The dasycladacean tribe Cyclocrineae ranges from Ordovician to Permian and consists of two Receptaculites zones of R. oweni Hall occur in subtribes: Cyclocrinae and Mastoporinae. Cyclo- the Ordovician Prosser and Stewartville Forma- crinae consists of Ordovician Coelosphaeridium tions in the Upper Mississippi Valley; Ischadites Roemer 1883, Permian Mizzia Schubert 1907, and cf. iowensis (Owen) is listed from the Stewartville Ordovician Cyclocrinus Eichwald 1860. Masto- (pp. 563, 565, 567-569, 571-572, 574-577, 580). porinae consists of Ordovician Mastopora Eich- Receptaculites oweni is listed from the Ordovician wald 1840, Ordovician Apidium Stolley 1896, Lower Cobourg Formation in New York (p. 580). Lower Carboniferous Konickopora Lee 1912, and Permian Epimastopora Pia 1922. All these taxa 1935c. Ordovician System in the Upper Mis- are described (pp. 97, 102, 104, 107-108, and ta- sissippi Valley. Guidebook. Ninth Annual ble). Field Conference. The Kansas Geological So- ciety. Upper Mississippi Valley. Iowa City, Karsten, Gustav Iowa to Duluth, Minnesota. August 25th to September 1st, 1935. Kansas Geological So- 1869. Die Versteinerungen des Uebergangsge- ciety, Wichita, Kansas, pp. 281-295, 1 text- birges in den Geroellen der Herzogthuemer fig- Schleswig und Holstein. Betraege zur Lan- deskunde der Herzogthuemer Schleswig und Receptaculites oweni Hall and Ischadites iowen- sis occur in the Prosser in the Holstein. I Reihe, mineralogischen Inhaltes. (Owen) Formation

Heft 1, 85 pp., 25 pis. Upper Mississippi Valley (p. 291).

The following Silurian [Ordovician] fossils from 1937. Stratigraphy of the Trenton Group. Bul- the Baltic erratics are described: Receptaculites letin of the Geological Society of America, Defrance, of such unknown affinities that it cannot vol. 48, no. 2, pp. 233-302, pis. 1-10, 13 text- be decided whether it is a plant or an animal (p. figs. 8); R. bronnii Eichw. (pp. 8-9, pi. 1, figs. 4a-c); Pasceolus occi- Receptaculites sp. a (pp. 8-9; pi. 2, figs. 6a-e; pi. globosus Billings, Receptaculites dentalis and R. oweni Hall are listed from 25, fig. 21); Receptaculites sp. b (p. 10, pi. 25, figs. Salter, 20a-b); Cyclocrinus Eichw. (pp. 20-21) of un- various Trenton Ordovician localities (pp. 256- Pasceolus known affinities; C. spaskii Eichw. (pp. 21-23, pi. 259, 261-263, 278, 281, 300; pi. 9). glo-

bosus is 1 7, figs. lOa-e; pi. 25, figs. 22a-b); C. exilis Eichw. figured (pi. 0).

(p. 22, pi. 7, figs. 1 la-b); Cyclocrinus sp. (p. 22); and Ischadites koenigii (p. 9). 1939a. Wisconsin-Illinois district; pp. 25-28. In Bastin, Edson S. (ed.), Contributions to a the lead zinc of the Katz, Michael knowledge of and deposits Mississippi Valley region. Geological Society See: of America Special Papers, no. 24, 1 56 pp. Gould, S. J., and M. Katz, 1975. The Ordovician Galena Group in the Upper Mississippi Valley lead and zinc district (Wiscon- Kay, G. Marshall sin-Illinois) contains an upper Receptaculites zone 1935a. Distribution of Ordovician altered vol- at the base of the Stewartville Formation and a

canic materials and related clays. Bulletin of lower Receptaculites zone in the Prosser Forma- the Geological Society of America, vol. 46, tion (pp. 27-28). no. 2, pp. 225-244, pis. 20-22, 14 text-figs. 1939b. Ordovician system in Ontario; pp. 589- [Ordovician] Ischadites sp. occurs at the Sher- 593, text-figs. 4-6. In Ruedemann, Rudolf, man Fall-Lower Cobourg contact at Lowville, New and Robert Balk (eds.), Geologie der Erde. York, and near Ameliasburg, Ontario (p. 229). Volume 1 . Geology of North America. Ge- Nidulites pyriformis Bassler characterizes the up- brueder Borntraeger, Berlin, 643 pp. per members of the [Ordovician] Chambersburg Formation (p. 232). Ordovician Receptaculites occidentalis Salter is

96 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY found in the Rocklandian Cloche Island Lime- 1968. Discussion: stratigraphy and sedimentary stone in the Manitoulin district, Ontario (p. 590). environments of some Wilderness (Ordovi- cian) limestones, Ottawa Valley, Ontario, by

1 942. Ottawa-Bonnechere graben and Lake On- C. R. Barnes. Canadian Journal of Earth Sci- tario homocline. Bulletin of the Geological ences, vol. 5, pp. 166-169, 1 text-fig. Society of America, vol. 53, pp. 585-646, 7 Receptaculites is listed from the Ordovician, pis., 7 text-figs., 13 tables. Rocklandian Chaumontian Limestone at Pack-

Receptaculites occidentalis Salter is listed from enham Quarry, Ottawa Valley, Ontario (p. 167). the Rockland Limestone at several eastern Ca- nadian localities and below the Sherman Fall See also: Limestone in the Ameliasburg inlier (pp. 595, 598, Bergstroem, S. M., J. Riva, and G. M. Kay, 601-602,631). 1974.

1944. Middle Ordovician of central Pennsyl- Kay, G. Marshall, and Edwin H. Colbert vania. Part 2. Later Mohawkian (Trenton) 1 965. Stratigraphy and Life History. John Wiley formations. Journal of Geology, vol. 52, no. and Sons, Inc., New York, New York, 736 2, pp. 97-1 16, text-figs. 1 1-18, tables 7-1 1. pp., numerous illus. Ordovician Nidulites is common in the Mer- Middle Ordovician Mastopora or Nidulites from cersburg Limestone ofthe Cumberland Valley, but Virginia is figured as green alga (pp. 664, 666, fig. relatively rare in the Nealmont Formation of 26-35). Pennsylvania. Receptaculites occidentalis Salter, typical of the Rockland Formation, is not found Kayser, [Friedrich Heinrich] Emanuel in the Nealmont (pp. 106-108). 1875. Ueber die Billings'sche Gattung Pasceolus 1956. Ordovician limestones in the western an- und ihre verbreitung in palaeozoischen Abla- ticlines of the Appalachians in West Virginia gerungen. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geolo- and Virginia, northeast ofthe New River. Bul- gischen Gesellschaft, Band 27, pp. 776-783,

letin of the Geological Society of America, pi. 20. vol. 67, no. 1, pp. 55-106, 2 pis., 8 text-figs. Pasceolus Billings, of uncertain taxonomic po- The stratigraphic and geographic distributions sition, is discussed and compared with Receptac- of Ordovician Receptaculites and the sponge Nid- ulites, Cyclocrinus, and Lunulites dactylioides. Eu- ulites in Virginia and West Virginia are given (pp. ropean Middle Devonian P. (Sphaerospongia) 65-66, 69, 73-75, 78-79, 81, 91-93). tessellatus Phillips and P. rothi n. sp. are described and illustrated. Pasceolus Billings includes: P. glo- 1958. Ordovician Highgate Springs Sequence of bosus Billings, P. halli Billings, P. gregarius Bil- Vermont and Quebec and Ordovician clas- lings, P. intermedius Billings, Pasceolus sp. Bil- sification. American Journal of Science, vol. lings, P. goughii Salter, P. sedgwickii Salter, P. 256, pp. 65-96, 1 1 text-figs., 3 tables. tesselatus Phillips, P. rathi n. sp., and (?) sp. (tes- selatus Verneuil). Receptaculites occurs in the Isle la Motte Lime- stone of the Ordovician Highgate Springs Se- Keefer, William R., and J. A. Van Lieu quence in Vermont (p. 86). 1966. Paleozoic formations in the Wind River 1962. Classification of Ordovician Chazyan Basin, Wyoming; Geology of the Wind River shelly and graptolite sequences from central Basin, central Wyoming. United Sates Geo- Nevada. Bulletin of the Geological Society of logical Survey Professional Paper 495-B, 60 America, vol. 73, no. 11, pp. 1421-1429, 2 pp., 6 pis., 23 text-figs., 8 tables. text-figs. The Ordovician Bighorn Dolomite in the central Nidulites (?) sp. is listed from the sponge beds Wind River Mountains of Wyoming contains Re- of the Ordovician Antelope Valley Limestone in ceptaculites sp. and Cyclocrinites sp. in the Lander Ikes Canyon and Yellow Gulch in Nevada (p. Sandstone Member and R. arcticus in the Leigh 1424). Dolomite Member (p. 25). Receptaculites sp. oc-

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 97 curs in the Bighorn in the Sweetwater Canyon and International Geological Congress. Twenty- Windy Gap sections. fourth Session. Montreal, 1972. Excursion C23. International Geological Congress, Ot- Vincent and Caswell Silver Kelley, C, tawa, Ontario, 39 pp., 6 text-figs. 1952. Geology of the Caballo Mountains. Uni- Receptaculites is found in the Selkirk member of New Mexico Publications in Ge- versity of the Upper Ordovician Red River Formation at ology, no. 4, 286 pp., 19 pis., 26 text-figs. Garson, Manitoba (p. 1 1). Calathium anstedi occurs in the Ordovician Bat Cave Formation and Receptaculites sp. in the De- Keroher, Grace C. vonian Sly Gap Formation of southern New Mex- 1 967. Some uses of fossil names in the evolution ico (pp. 50, 75). of stratigraphic nomenclature in the midcon- Kellogg, Harold E. tinent; pp. 21—48, 8 text-figs. In Teichert, Curt, and Ellis L. Yochelson (eds.), Essays in pa- 1963. Paleozoic stratigraphy of the Southern leontology and stratigraphy. University of Egan Range, Nevada. Bulletin of the Geolog- Kansas Department of Geology, Special Pub- ical Society of America, vol. 74, pp. 685-708, lication 2, 626 pp. 4 pis., 3 text-figs., 12 tables. The Lower Silurian The Ordovician Pogonip Group in the Egan (Ordovician) Receptaculite Limestone of Shumard in Missouri now consti- Range of eastern Nevada contains Receptaculites tutes the Kimmswick of the Galena n. sp. and R. elongatus Walcott in the Canadian Subgroup 23, Shingle Limestone, and R. elongatus and R. mam- Group (pp. 36-37). millaris Newberry in the Chazyan lower Kanosh Grace and others Shale (pp. 693-694, pi. 1). Keroher, C,

1966a. Lexicon of names of the United Kempen, Th. M. G. Van geologic States for 1936-1960. Part 2: G-O. Bulletin 1978. from the Anthaspidellid sponges Early of the United States Geological Survey 1200, Paleozoic of and Australia. Neues Europe pp. 1449-2886. Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaeontologie, zones occur in the Prosser and Abhandlungen, Band 156, Lfg. 3, pp. 305- Receptaculites Stewartville of the Middle Ordovician 337, 7 text-figs. Members Galena Dolomite in the lead-zinc district [of Wis- Calathium sp. of Dake and Bridge (1932) from consin-Illinois-Iowa] (p. 1453). the Canadian Ordovician in Texas, and the Cal- athium of Weller and St. Clair (1928) from the 1966b. Lexicon of geologic names of the United Lower Ordovician Jefferson City Formation in States 1936-1960. Part 3: P-Z. Bulletin of the Missouri are probably the sponge Archaeoscyphia United States Geological Survey 1200, pp. (p. 315). 2887-4341. Kempton, John Receptaculites occurs in the upper Prosser and See: lower Stewartville Members of the Middle Or-

Odom, I. E., G. M. Wilson, G. Dow, J. Kemp- dovician Galena Dolomite in Fillmore County, ton, and G. Emrich, 1963. Minnesota, and the zinc-lead district [Iowa-Illi- nois-Wisconsin], respectively (pp. 3144, 3722). Kennerly, J. B.

See: Kerr, J. William Langenheim, R. L., Jr., B. W. Carss, J. B. 1962. Paleozoic sequences and thrust slices of Kennerly, V. A. McCutcheon, and R. H. the Seetoya Mountains, Independence Range, Waines, 1962. Elko County, Nevada. Bulletin of the Geo- of vol. no. Kent, Donald M., Barry Bannatyne, and Hugh R. logical Society America, 73, 4, pp. McCabe 439-460, 4 pis., 5 text-figs.

1972. Industrial and non-metallic minerals of Ordovician Receptaculites sp. is found in the Manitoba and Saskatchewan (Central Plains). Smith Creek and Burns Creek Sequences of the

98 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Eureka Quartzite in the Seetoya Mountains, Ne- The hexactinellid sponge Receptaculites oweni vada (p. 445). Hall from the Silurian [Ordovician] Trenton Limestone of Jefferson, Pike, and St. Louis Coun- 1967. nomenclature for Ordovician rock New ties, Missouri, is described and illustrated. Part of the eastern Eliz- units of and southern Queen 1 is 1 Whitfield's ( 882) description reprinted (pp. 9 , abeth Islands, Arctic Canada. Bulletin of Ca- 103; pi. 12, figs. 2a-b). nadian Petroleum Geology, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 91-113, 5 text-figs. 1937. First geographic designation of Receptac- Ordovician Receptacuities sp. is reported from ulites limestone in Upper Mississippi Valley. the Cornwallis, Thumb Mountain, and Irene Bay Pan American Geologist, vol. 67, no. 1, pp. Formations in the Cornwallis Group on Ellesmere 61-65, 1 text-fig. Island. Receptaculites is common in the Ordovician from Cape Girardeau to Kimmswick and along 1968. Stratigraphy of central and eastern Elles- the Missouri River nearly to Jefferson City, Mis- mere Island, Arctic Canada. Part 2. Ordovi- souri cian. Geological Survey of Canada Paper 67- (p. 61).

27, 92 pp., 5 pis., 10 text-figs., 2 tables. Keyserling, Alexandre de Receptaculites sp. from the Thumb Mountain and Irene Bay Formations, R. arcticus from the See: Croker Bay Limestone, and Cyclocrinites sp. from Murchison, R. I., E. de Verneuil, and A. de the Irene Bay Formation are found in the Ordo- Keyserling, 1845. vician of the Canadian Arctic (pp. 47, 49, 53-55, 74). Keyte, I. A.

1974. Geology of Bathurst Island Group and See: A. H. L. and I. A. Byam Martin Island, Arctic Canada. Geolog- Brainerd, E., Baldwin, Jr., 1933. ical Survey of Canada Memoir 378, 152 pp., Keyte, 19 pis., 15 text-figs., 2 tables, 1 map. Kiaer, Johan [Aschehoug] Receptaculitids are part of the Arctic Ordovi- cian fauna in the Upper Ordovician (Edenian and 1897a. Faunistische Uebersicht der Etage 5 des Maysvillian?) Irene Bay Formation ofthe Bathurst Norwegischen Silursystems. Inaugural-Dis- Island Group, Arctic Canada. Receptaculites sp. is sertation zur Erlangung der Doctorwuerde der found in the Lower Devonian (early Emsian?) Hohen Philosophische Facultat sect. 2. Koe- Stuart Bay Formation (pp. 18-19, 136). niglich Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet zu Muenchen, Muenchen, 76 pp., 7 text-figs., ta- also: See bles. Morrow, D. W., and J. W. Kerr, 1977. The Ordovician algae Apidium Stolley, A. so- Kesling, Robert V., and Alan Graham roris Stolley, and Nidulites n. sp. are listed from Stage 5 of the Oslo region (pp. 9, 71). 1 962. Ischadites is a dasycladacean alga. Journal of Paleontology, vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 943-952, See also: pis. 135-136, 2 text-figs. Kiaer, J., 1897b. Ischadites is described as a dasycladacean alga. Ischadites iowensis (Owen) is described and illus- 1897b. Faunistische Uebersicht der Etage 5 des trated (text-figs. 1-2; pis. 135-136). A history of Norwegischen Silursystems. Videnskaps-sel- classification of Ischadites is given. The presence skapets Skrifter. I. Matematisk-Naturviden- ofgametocysts dispels all questions of the affinities skapelig Klasse, 1897, Nr. 3, 76 pp., 7 text- of receptaculitids. figs., tables. Charles Rollin Keyes, This is identical to Kiaer, J., 1897a.

1 894. Paleontology of Missouri. Geological Sur- vey of Missouri [Report], vol. 4, part 1, 271 1901. Etage 5 i Asker ved Kristiania. Studier pp., 32 pis. over den norske Mellemsilur. Norges Geo-

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 99 logiske Undersokelse. Aarbog. 1902, no. 1, Gauldalen; pp. 9-60, text-figs. 1-6. In Kiaer,

1 1 1 pp., 6 text-figs., charts and tables. Johan (ed.), The Hovin Group in the Trond- heim area. Skrifter utgitt av det Norske Vi- Ischadites sp. and Apidiwn sororis Stolley are denskaps-Akademi i Oslo. I. Matematisk-Na- found in [the Upper Ordovician] stages 5a and 5b turvidenskapelig Klasse, 1932, Nr. 4. in the Oslo region (pp. 12, 57, 82, 89-90). Ordovician (Caradocian?) Ischadites from be- 1908. Das Obersilur im Kristianiagebiete. Eine low the Kalstad Limestone but above the Hovin Vi- stratigraphischfaunistische untersuchung. sandstone in Meldalen (p. 24); Apidium rotundum denskaps-selskapets Skrifter. I. Matematisk- Hoeg from the Holandet shale and limestone in Nr. 595 Naturvidenskapelig Klasse, 1906, 2, the Trondheim area (p. 36); and Nidulites and pp., 3 pis., 102 text-figs., 6 maps. Mastopora from the Hovin sandstone in Trond- heim are listed (p. 49). Mastopora sp., M. fava Salter, and two species of Receptaculites are listed as plants from the Up- per Silurian of Christiania [Oslo] in Norway (p. 1933b. The coral fauna of the Kalstad Lime- 583). stone in Meldalen, also with description of a Lingula from the Langeland slate-quarry and [1920] 1922. Oversigt over Kalkalgefloraene i an Ischadites from Meldalen; pp. 103-113, Norges Ordovicium og Silur. Norsk Geolo- pis. 12-17, text-figs. 14-15. In Kiaer, Johan gisk Tidsskrift, Bind 6, pp. 1 13-142. (ed.), The Hovin Group in the Trondheim area. Skrifter utgitt av det Norske Viden- Floras of calcareous algae from the Ordovician skaps-Akademi i Oslo, I: Matematisk-Na- and Silurian of Norway are described. The Middle turvidenskapelig Klasse, 1932, Nr. 4. Ordovician Cyclocrinus flora in the Mjosen dis- trict consists of Coelosphaeridium, Cyclocrinus, and Ischadites sp. A, resembling the /. iowensis Owen The Lower Silurian flora Mastopora. Mastopora from the [Ordovician] Galena-Trenton in Iowa, contains Mastopora. Apidiwn, which occurs in the Wisconsin and Minnesota, is described and fig- Oslo district, belongs to the Upper Ordovician ured from the Ordovician Kalstad Limestone west Isotelus group. The following "Verticellate Sipho- of Meldalen in the Trondheim area ofNorway (pp. neer" and their zonations are listed: Middle Or- 103-105; pi. 12, figs. 1-2). It also resembles Re- dovician concava Coelo- Mastopora Eichwald, ceptaculites hadelandiae (Kjerulf 1865) from F. sphaeridium cyclocrinophilum Roemer, southern Norway, the holotype of which is miss- Cyclocrinus schmidtii Stolley, C. oelandicus Stol- ing. Receptaculites hadelandiae is probably an Is- C. C. balticus and ley, vanhoeffeni Stolley, Stolley, chadites, and it is found in the Cyclocrinus shale, Cyclocrinus sp.; Ordovician Apidium sp. Upper together with Ischadites sp. A. Ischadites sp. B is and and Lower Silurian Masto- Cyclocrinus sp.; found in the Upper Ordovician Lower Chasmops pora sp. and M. fava Salter. Shale in Ringerike. Ischadites sp. C is reported from the Upper Ordovician of Baerum and Rin- 1921a. [Untitled.] I. Geologiska Foereningens gerike. Ischadites, a calcareous alga (?), occurs over Stockholm. Foerhandlingar, Band 43, haeft 5, much of the northern hemisphere throughout no. 499-502. 346, pp. Middle and Upper Ordovician from Chazy to "high up in the Silurian" (p. 104). Stratigraphy of Ordovician siphonous algae Coelosphaeridium and Cyclocrinus in Norway is discussed. Kielan-Jaworowska, Zofia (ed.)

1963. Slownik Wiedza 1921b. [1922]. En ny zone i Norges midtre Or- Maly paleontologiczny. 216 numerous dovicium. Geologiska Foereningens I. Stock- Powszechna, Warszawa, pp., holm. Foerhandlingar, Band 43, haeft 5, no. text-figs. 346, pp. 499-502. Receptaculitids (Receptaculitidae) are described This is identical to Kiaer, J., 1921a. and [E. Billings' 1865 figure] illustrated as Ordo- vician to Carboniferous cosmopolitan problem- 1933a. Stratigraphical researches on the fossil- atic organisms which may belong with sponges

iferous horizons in Meldalen, Holandet and (pp. 160-161, fig. on p. 160).

100 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Kiesow, J. letin of the New York State Museum (of Nat- ural History), 348, 719 pp. 1894. Die Coelosphaeridien-Gesteine und Backsteinkalke des westpreussischen Dilu- The sponge Ischadites squamifer (Hall) from the viums, ihre Versteinerungen und ihr geolo- New Scotland beds of Clarksville, New York, is gisches Alter. Schriften der Naturforschenden housed in the New York State Museum in Albany Gesellschaft in Danzig, N.F., Band 8, Lfg. 3- (p. 50). 4, pp. 67-96, pis. 1-2. Killey, Myrna M. The cyclocrinitids Coelosphaeridium cyclocri- nophilum Roemer, C conwentzianum n. sp., Pas- See:

ceolus krausei n. sp., Cyclocrinus spaskii Eichwald, Cote, W. E., D. L. Reinertsen, and M. M. and C. concavus Eichwald [Mastopora concava] Killey, 1968, 1970, and 1971. erratics are described from Ordovician glacial and Cote, W. E., D. L. Reinertsen, G. M. Wilson, figured as cystoids (pp. 74-81; pi. 1, figs. 1-12; pi. and M. M. Killey, 1969 and 1970. 2, figs. 1-4). Reinertsen, D. L., D. J. Berggren, and M. M. Killey, 1972, 1973a, 1973b, and 1974. 1 896. Das geologische Alter der im westpreus- Reinertsen, D. L., and M. M. Killey, 1972. sischen Diluvium gefundenen Coelosphaerid- iengesteine un Backsteinkalke. Schriften der Kindle, Edward M. Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Danzig, 1898. A of the fossils of Indiana, ac- N.F., Bd. IX, Heft 2, pp. 20-40, 1 pi. catalogue companied by a bibliography of the literature The of the Ordovician stratigraphies following relating to them. Indiana Department of Ge- fossils from the various Baltoscandian localities ology and Natural Resources, 22nd Annual are C. given: Coelosphaeridium, cyclocrinophilum, Report, pp. 407-514. C. conwentzianum, Cyclocrinus, C. concavus (= The coelenterates from Indiana are Mastopora concava), C. aff. spaskii, and Pasceolus following listed: elrodi Miller from the De- krausei (pp. 20-28). Receptaculites vonian Corniferous and Hamilton Formations, and R. hemisphericus Hall, R. sacculus Hall, and R. 1899. Bemerkungen zu den Gattungen Cyclo- subturbinatus Hall from the Silurian and crinus, Coelosphaeridium und Apidium. Niagara Waterlime Formations 4 1 Schriften der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft (p. 8).

in Danzig, N.F., Bd. X, pp. 77-93, 5 figs. 1914. The Silurian and Devonian section of Re- Cyclocrinus, Coelosphaeridium, Mastopora, western Manitoba. Geological Survey ofCan- Pasceolus and are not si- ceptaculites, Apidium ada Summary Report, 1912, pp. 247-261. phonous algae. Coelosphaeridium is related to Cy- tessellata occurs in the clocrinus, which may be related to cystoids. The Sphaerospongia (Phillips) Devonian Dolomite north of Whi- following are described and figured: Coelosphae- Winnipegosan teaves in Dawson Lake Manitoba ridium cyclocrinophilum (fig. 5), C. conwentzia- point Bay, (pp. num, Apidium krausei, A. sororis, Pasceolus krau- 252-253). sei, Mastopora concava, M. odini, Cyclocrinus fau- concavus, C. odini, C spaskii, C roemeri (fig. 1 ), 1938. The correlation of certain Devonian

C. roemeri var. mutabilis n.var (figs. 2-3), C. sub- nas of eastern and western Gaspe. Bulletin of tilis, C. subtilis var. roemeri, C planus (= C. roe- American Paleontology, vol. 24, no. 82, 52 meri), C membranaceus (= C roemeri), C bal- pp., 2 pis. ticus (= C roemeri), C. porosus (fig. 4), C. A coelenterate, Ischadites cf. squamifer (Hall), oelandicus (= C porosus), C. vanhoeffeni (= C. occurs in the Devonian Gaspe Sandstone on the porosus), C schmidti, C. pyriformis, C multicavus, eastern Gaspe Peninsula (pp. 31, 35, 41). and C. mickwitzi.

1939. Geology of the Arctic archipelago and the Kilfoyle, Clinton F. Interior Plains of Canada; pp. 176-231, 12

1 954. Catalog of type specimens of fossils in the text-figs. In Ruedemann, Rudolf, and Robert

New York State Museum. Supplement 4. Bul- Balk (eds.), Geologie der Erde. Volume 1 . Ge-

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 101 ology of North America. Gebrueder Born- Kirk, Edwin Berlin, 643 pp. traeger, 1930. The Harding Sandstone of Colorado. of 5th vol. Ordovician Receptaculites oweni Hall is found American Journal Science, ser., 20, no. 456-466. in the Trenton of Baffin Land (p. 188) and in the 120, pp. River Limestone the Nelson River Nelson along Receptaculites occurs in the basal sandstone of in the Hudson 200). Devonian Bay region (p. the Ordovician Bighorn Dolomite in Wyoming (p. tessellata is found in the Sphaerospongia (Phillips) 461). Winnipegosan Dolomite (Stringocephalus Dolo- mite) at Salt Point at the mouth of Steeprock River 1 934. The Lower Ordovician El Paso Limestone on the east shore of Lake Manitoba, Manitoba (p. of Texas and its correlatives. American Jour-

212). nal of Science, 5th ser., vol. 28, no. 168, pp. 443_463. Edward and Victor H. Barnett Kindle, M., Calathium cf. C anstedi Billings is listed from the Piloceras-Calathium zone of the lower El Paso 1909. The stratigraphic and faunal relations of Limestone in El Texas Ca- the Waldron fauna in southern Indiana. In- Paso, (pp. 450-451). lathium is found in the Ordovician El Paso diana Department of Geology and Natural sp. Formation of New Mexico, the Yellow Hill Lime- Resources, 33rd Annual Report, pp. 393-4 1 6. stone of southern Nevada, the Garden City Lime- Receptaculites subturbinatus Hall and R. sac- stone of Utah, and in Newfoundland and Scotland culus Hall are listed as sponges from the Silurian (pp. 452, 454, 456, 460). An Ordovician "Recep- Waldron of southern Indiana (p. 404). taculites''' fauna occurs in the Pioche and Eureka districts and the Las Vegas Quadrangle of Nevada King, Phillip B. and in British Columbia (pp. 454-456). Cala- thium sp. identified by Dake and Bridge (1932) 1931. Pre-Carboniferous of Mara- stratigraphy from the Ellenburger Limestone of Texas is be- thon Uplift, West Texas. Bulletin of the lieved to be Archaeoscyphia (p. 457). American Association of Petroleum Geolo-

gists, vol. 15, pp. 1059-1085, 3 text-figs., 4 Kjerulf, Theodor tables. 1865. Veiviser ved Geologiske Excursioner i The sponge Calathium cf. formosum is found Christiania Omegn. Med et farvetrykt kart og in the Monument Spring Dolomite Member of the flere traesnit. Universitetsprogram for andet Ordovician Marathon Limestone in the Marathon halvaar 1865. Brogger and Christie's Bog-

Region of West Texas (p. 1069). trykkeri, Christiania, 43 pp., 45 text-figs., 1 map, tables, figs.

1937. Geology of the Marathon region, Texas. The following Norwegian fossils from Stage 4 States United Geological Survey Professional are listed and figured: the [Middle or Upper Or- 148 24 33 Paper 187, pp., pis., text-figs. dovician] sponge Receptaculites hadelandiae [n.

sp.] from the Hadeland District (p. 11, fig. 25 on A sponge, Calathium cf. formosum, is found in p. 14); the zoophyte Chaetetes (?) sphaericus [Coe- the Monument Spring Dolomite Member of the losphaeridium sphaericum] from the [Middle Or- Lower Ordovician Marathon Limestone in Mon- dovician, Hovindsholm Formation] of Hovind- ument Spring Quadrangle, Texas (p. 30). sholm (p. 11, fig. 24 on p. 1 4); and Chaetetes petropolitanus var. hemisphericus [growing on Cy- 1965. Geology of the Sierra Diablo region, Tex- clocrinus sp. from the middle Ordovician Furu- as. United States Geological Survey Profes- berg Formation] in Furuberg (fig. 23 on p. 14). sional Paper 480, 185 pp., 16 pis., 8 text-figs., The bryozoan Nidulites favus from Stage 5 [basal 14 tables. Silurian] on Malmo Island is also listed and figured 30 on The sponges Calathium and Receptaculites are (p. 15, fig. p. 21). found in the Sierra Diablo region of Texas in the Kleinhampl, Frank J. Lower Ordovician El Paso Limestone and the Upham Member of the Montoya Dolomite, re- See: spectively (pp. 32-33, 37, pi. 3). Cornwall, H. R., and F. J. Kleinhampl, 1961.

102 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Klement, Karl W. Kobayashi, Teiichi

See: 1 944. The zoopalaeogeographic province in the Toomey, D. F., and K. W. Klement, 1966. Upper Cambrian and Lower Ordovician Pe- riods. Japanese Journal of Geology and Ge- Klemic, Harry, and Walter S. West ography, vol. 14, pp. 19-26.

1964. Geology of the Belmont and Calamine A lower Piloceras-Calacium [sic] zone is present Quadrangles, Wisconsin. Bulletin of the in the Canadian [Ordovician] (p. 22). United States Geological Survey 1 1 23-G, pp. 361-435, pis. 22-24, text-figs. 47-50. 1959. On some Ordovician fossils from North- ern Malaya and her adjacence. Journal of the The sponge Receptaculites oweni Hall from the Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo, sect. Ordovician Galena Dolomite in Wisconsin is de- 2, vol. 1 1, part 4, pp. 387-408, pis. 24-27, 3 scribed (pp. 379-381). text-figs., 1 table.

F. Kloeden, K. A lower Ordovician (?) Archaeoscyphia-like sponge [calathid] from a small island off the west 1834. Die Versteinerungen der Mark Branden- coast of Northern Malaya is illustrated (figs. 2a- burg, insonderheit diejenigen, welche sich in den Rollsteinen und Bloecken der suedbal- b). tischen Ebene finden. C. G. Luederitz, Berlin, 1 960. Some Ordovician fossils from East Ton- 378 pp., 10 pis., numerous tables. kin, Viet Nam. Japanese Journal of Geology Problematic fossils [Coelosphaeridium sphae- and Geography, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 39-48, pi. the inner of ricum], possibly representing parts 5, 2 text-figs. Echinosphaerites pomum, from the Silurian [Or- The external mold of Receptaculites (?) sp. (for- dovician] erratics of Mark Brandenburg and from merly called Dictyonema (?) sp.) from Cho Bo, east Norway, are described and figured (pp. 285-286, 1 Tonkin, Viet Nam, is described and figured (p. 4 ; pi. 6, figs. 6a-b). pi. 5, fig. 8).

Knechtel, Maxwell M. See also: 1959. of the Little Moun- Stratigraphy Rocky Jones, C. R., D. J. Gobbett, and T. Kobayashi, tains and encircling foothills, Montana. Bul- 1966. letin of the United States Geological Survey 1072-N, pp. 722-752, pis. 52-53, text-figs. Koch, Lauge 32-33. 1923. Preliminary report upon the geology of is from the Spongelike Receptaculites reported Peary Land, Arctic Greenland. American Upper Ordovician lower half of the Bighorn Do- Journal of Science, 5th ser., vol. 5, no. 27, pp. lomite in the northern part of the Little Rocky 189-199, 2 text-figs. Mountains in Montana (p. 729). Ordovician Receptaculites and R. oweni are Knight, Robert D. common in Peary Land, Arctic Greenland (pp. 192, 195-197). See:

Martin, J. A., R. D. Knight, and W. C. Hayes, 1925. The geology of North Greenland. Amer- 1961. ican Journal of Science, 5th ser., vol. 9, no. 52, pp. 271-285, 5 text-figs. Knopf, Adolph Ordovician Receptaculites is found along the See: north coast of Greenland (p. 280). Westgate, L. G., and A. Knopf, 1932.

1929a. The geology of the south coast of Wash- Knox, J. ington Land. Meddelelser om Gronland, Bind

See: 73, Iste Afdeling, Nr. 1, 39 pp., 3 pis., 15 text-

Mitchell, G. H., and others, 1962. figs.

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 103 The following Ordovician sponges or algae are Kolata, Dennis R. found on the south coast of Washington Land, See: Greenland: Receptaculites in the Gonioceras Bay Willman, H. B., and D. R. Kolata, 1978. Formation; R. arcticus in the Troedsson Cliff For- mation; and R. arcticus, Ischadites (2 spp.), Cy- Koltun, V. M. clocrinites cf. darwini Miller, and C. cf. claudei Miller in the Cape Calhoun Formation (pp. 6, 25- See: 28, 30, 37). Rezvoi, P. D., I. T. Zhuravleva, and V. M. Koltun, 1962. 1929b. Stratigraphy of Greenland. Meddelelser om Gronland, Bind 73, Anden Afdeling, Nr. Konishi, Kenji

2, 320 pp., 6 pis., text-figs. 54-61. See:

Receptaculites occurs in the Trenton (?) Ordo- Johnson, J. H., and K. Konishi, 1959. vician Troedsson Cliff Formation and the Upper Ordovician Cape Calhoun Formation in North Konjuschkov, Konstantin N. Greenland (pp. 235-236). See: Zhuravleva, I. T., K. N. Konjuschkov, and V. Kochansky-Devide, A. Yu. Rozanov, 1964.

See: Kira Borisovna Herak, M., V. Kochansky-Devide, and I. Korde, Gusic, 1977. 1 968. Kembriiskie vodorosli [Cambrian Algae]. Bulleten Moskovskogo Obshestva Ispytatelei Dietrich Eberhard Koenig, Carl prirody. Novaja serija. Tom 73. Otdel Geo- logicheskii.Tom 43, Vyp. 5 [Bulletin of the 1825. Icones Fossilium Sectiles. Regent Street Moscow Society of Naturalists. New series, Centuria Prima, London, 4 pp., 19 pis. (with vol. 73, Geological series, vol. 43, part 5], pp. 248 figs.). [The descriptive letterpress refers 153-154. only to pis. I-VIII (figs. 1-100).] Seletonellaceae n. fam. differs from family Das- Blumenbachium n. gen. globosum n. sp., [which ycladaceae and consists of tribes: Cambroporel- may be a receptaculitid] is described and figured leae, Amgaelleae, Seletonelleae, Rhabdoporelleae (p. 3; pi. 5, fig. 69). Leucophthalmus n. gen. strang- n. nom., Cyclocrineae, and Primicorallineae. waysii n. sp. [a cyclocrinitid] is described and fig- ured (p. 1; pi. 1, fig. 1). 1 97 1 . K sistematike i evolucii vodoroslei iz por- jadka Dasycladales (Chlorophyta) [System- Koenig, John W. atics and evolution of dasycladaceous algae]. See: Bulleten Moskovskogo Obshestva Ispytatelei Tom 76. Otdel Geo- Howe, W. B., and J. W. Koenig, 1961. prirody. Novaja serija. logicheskii. Tom 46, Vyp. 2 [Bulletin of the Moscow Society of Naturalists. New series, Koenig, John W., James A. Martin, and Charles vol. series, vol. 46, part 2], pp. W. Collinson 76, Geological 134-135.

1 96 1 . Guide Book. Twenty-sixth Regional Field All Paleozoic tribes of algae which have been Conference. The Kansas Geological Society. assigned to Dasycladaceae are now placed in the Northeastern Missouri and West-Central Il- new family Seletonellaceae. They are: Cambro- linois. Missouri Geological Survey and Water porelleae, Amgaelleae, Seletonelleae, Rhabdopo- Resources Report of Investigations, 27, 186 relleae n. nom., Cyclocrineae, Primicorallineae, and pp., illus. Macroporelleae n. trib. Receptaculites is common in the upper part and rare in the lower part of the Ordovician Kimms- 1973. Vodorosli Kembrija [Cambrian Algae]. wick Limestone in the Hannibal Quadrangle, Ralls Nauka, Moskva [issued as vol. 1 39 of Trudy County, Missouri (p. 14). of the Paleontological Institute of the USSR

104 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Academy of Sciences], 349 pp., 69 pis., 65 Hatchet Mountains and the Cooks Range- text-figs. Florida Mountain Areas. Grant, Hidalgo, and Luna Counties, southwestern New Mexico. The history of study and the stratigraphic and Eleventh Field Conference. May 14, 15, and geographic distribution of cyclocrinitids is given 16, 1958. [Roswell Geological Society, Ros- (pp. 49-52). The tribe Cyclocrineae Pia 1 927, with well, New Mexico], pp. 25-41, illus. subtribes Cyclocrinae Pia 1927 and Mastoporinae Pia 1 927, ranges from Ordovician to Upper Per- Receptaculites is listed from the Ordovician Ca- mian. Cyclocrinae consists of Cyclocrinus Eich- ble Canyon Formation of the Montoya Group in wald Roemer 1860, Coelosphaeridium 1883, Ap- New Mexico (fig. 2, p. 27). idium Stolley 1896, and Mizzia Schubert 1908. Mastoporinae consists of Mastopora Eichwald Koucky, Frank L. 1840, Ajakmalajsoria Korde 1957, Koninkopora See: Lee 1912, Unjella Korde 1951, Epimastopora Pia Cygan, N. E., and F. L. Koucky, 1963. 1922, and Eogoniolina Endo 1953. Cyclocrineae, together with seven other tribes, are placed in the Krause, Paul Gustaf Lower Cambrian to Middle Triassic family Sele- tonellaceae on and 1971 on Korde [1972 p. 51, p. 1896. Ueber einige Sedimentaergeschiebe aus is described and 239]. The family (p. 239) assigned Holland. Zeitschrift der Deutschen geolo- to Dasycladales of class Chlorophyceae. Various gischen Gesellschaft, 48 Band, pp. 363-371. receptaculitid genera are listed (p. 50) but are not The Silurian [Ordovician] Coelosphaeridium considered to belong among Dasycladales. cyclocrinophilum F. Roemer and Mastopora con- Korshunov, V. I. cava Eichwald are listed from the Cyclocrinus Limestone in the glacial erratics of Holland (pp. 1968. Gonamispongia— no\y'\ rod gubok se- 365, meistva Chancelloriidae [Gonamispongia, a 367-369). new genus of sponges of family Chancellori- Krey, Frank idae]. Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal, 1968, no.

3, pp. 127-129, 1 fig. 1924. Structural reconnaissance of the Missis- area from Old [Radiocyathid] Gonamispongia ignorabilis n. sippi Valley Monroe, Missouri, to Illinois. Missouri Bureau of Ge- gen. and n. sp. is described and figured (figs, la- Nauvoo, and Mines 2nd vol. 86 d) as a sponge from the [Cambrian] upper Tom- ology Report, ser., 18, motian Aldai of the Siberian Platform, in the ba- pp., 18 pis., 1 table. sins of rivers Uchur, Gonam, and in Algoma The typical index fossil Receptaculites is most southwest Siberia. abundant in the upper part of the Ordovician Kimmswick Limestone in Illinois and Missouri Kottlowski, Frank I .. Rousseau H. Flower, Mar- the River cus L. Thompson, and Roy W. Foster immediately adjoining Mississippi (p. 22). 1956. Stratigraphic studies of the San Andres Mountains, New Mexico. New Mexico State Krishtofovich, Afrikan Nikolaevich Bureau of Mines, Memoir 1, 132 pp., 5 pis., 1941. Paleobotanika. 3-e izdanie. 15 text-figs., 6 tables. dopolnennoe Gosudarstvennoe izdatelstvo geologicheskoi The sponge Calathium is found in the Lower literatury komiteto po delam geologii PRI Ordovician, Upper Canadian El Paso Group in SNK SSSR. Leningrad, Moskva, 495 pp., 3 1 7 the San Andres Mountains (p. 20). The Middle figs., 1 2 tables. [First edition, ofunknown date, Ordovician Upham Dolomite of the Montoya and second edition, 1934— not seen.] Group in the same area contains Receptaculites, which also occurs in the Middle Ordovician Cable Silurian [Ordovician] siphonous dasyclad algae Canyon Sandstone in southwestern New Mexico Coelosphaeridium, Cyclocrinus, Mastopora, and (pp. 23-24). Apidium are listed (p. 331); Cyclocrinus is de- scribed (p. 1 42), and Cyclocrinus sp. from the Bal- Kottlowski, Frank E., and E. L. Trice tic area is figured (figs. 89b-c). 1958. Road Log, Deming to Cook's Peak area. Roswell Geological Society Guidebook of the 1957. Paleobotanika. 4-e ispravlennoe i dopol-

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 105 nennoe izdanie. Gostontehizdat, Leningrad, Kuemmel, Henry B., and Stuart Weller 650 pp., 1 1 tables, 444 text-figs. 1 90 1 . Paleozoic limestones of Kittatinny Val- The siphonous algae Coelosphaeridium, Cyclo- ley, New Jersey. Bulletin of the Geological crinus, Mastopora, and Apidium are listed as Si- Society of America, vol. 12, pp. 147-164, 1 lurian Chlorophycea. text-fig.

Receptaculites, probably R. occidentalis, char- Krueger, H. H. acterizes a faunal zone in the Ordovician Trenton

See: Limestone of New Jersey (p. 158). Neben, W., and H. H. Krueger, 1971, 1973, and 1979. Kummerow, E. H. Egmont

1937. Die Bruteinrichtungen palaeozoischer H. Krul, Ostracoden, sowie ueber Receptaculites und 1954. Zwerfsteenfossilen van Twente. Neder- einige ordovizische Kalkalgen der Gattung Jahrbuch der Preus- landse Geologische Vereiniging, 128 pp., nu- Apidium. Koeniglich sischen Landesanstalt und merous figs. Geologischen Bergakademie zu Berlin, 1936, Band 57, Heft The following calcareous algae are described and 1, pp. 465-474, pi. 21, 1 text-fig. figured from the Siluro-Ordovician erratic rocks Ordovician Defrance in the Twente district in the Netherlands: Coelo- The alga Receptaculites from erratic boulders of the Orthocerenkalke in sphaeridium (fig. on p. 23); C. cyclocrinophilum Germany is described. Receptaculites and Ischa- (figs, on p. 26 and front-piece); Mastopora, M. dites are compared with dasycladaceous algae. The concava (fig. on p. 23); Cyclocrinus, C. spaskii; and Ordovician from are C planus (pp. 25-27, 31). Receptaculida are de- following dasyclads Germany described: Cyclocrinus, Mas- scribed as possible sponges and Ischadites sp. is Coelosphaeridium, topora, Apidium, A. pygmaeum Stolley (pi. 21, fig. described and figured (pp. 41-42, fig. on p. 41). 5), A. ampullaceum n. sp. (pi. 21, figs. 10-1 1), A. n. and R. orbis Krumbein, William C. geinitzi sp. (pi. 21, figs. 12-16), = Eichwald (= R. cassidiformis Patrunky R. po- See: cillum Patrunky) (pi. 21, figs. 4-5). Receptaculites C. 1936. Croneis, C, and W. Krumbein, bronni and R. damesi are discussed.

Kruse, Peter D. Kupsch, Walter Oscar

See: 1952. Ordovician and Silurian stratigraphy of Walter, M. R., J. H. Shergold, M. D. Muir, east central Saskatchewan. Saskatchewan De- P. D. and Kruse, 1979. partment of Mineral Resources, Report 10, 62 pp., 5 pis., 16 text-figs., 1 table (reprinted Peter and P. W. West Kruse, D., in 1969).

1 980. ofthe Amadeus and Geor- Archaeocyatha A sponge, Receptaculites sp., is the most com- gina Basins. Bureau of Mineral Resources. mon fossil in the Ordovician Red River Forma- of Journal Australian Geology and Geophys- tion in east central Saskatchewan (pp. 14, 21, 23- vol. 13 ics, 5, pp. 165-181, figs. 24). Receptaculites cf. oweni Hall (fig. 6) and Cy- clocrinites cf. oc- Radiocyathus Okulitch and R. minor (Bedford globosus Billings (incertae sedis) cur in the basal sandstone of the Ordovician Win- and Bedford) from Early Cambrian of Mount Formation near Amisk Lake, Saskatchewan Baldwin Formation from Ross River, Mopunga nipeg Range in Georgina Basin of central Australia are (p. 17). described and figured as incertae sedis (pp. 178— Kurten, Bjorn 179, figs. 13G-I). 1968. The Age of the Dinosaurs. World Uni- Kuekenthal, Willy versity Library. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, New York, 225 pp., numerous illus. See:

Schulze, F. E., W. Kuekenthal, K. Heider, and Receptaculites is described as a non-sponge in R. Hesse, 1926-1954. the Ordovician and Silurian (pp. 60, 65).

106 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Kurtz, Vincent Ellsworth, Andrew Hamilton Formation in the vicinity of Winnipeg, Manitoba, McNair, and Donald B. Wales contains very large Receptaculites (p. 1 5).

1952. Stratigraphy of the Dundas Harbour area, Laird, Wilson M. (ed.) Devon Island, Arctic Archipelago. American Journal of Science, vol. 250, pp. 636-655, 3 1952. Southern Manitoba and the Interlake area,

text-figs., 1 table. Province of Manitoba. North Dakota Geo- logical Society. Guidebook for the 1 st Annual Receptaculites arcticus is a characteristic fossil Field Conference, 43 pp., numerous text-figs, in the Middle Ordovician Croker Bay Limestone and tables. of Devon Island and the Gonioceras Bay Lime- stone of Ellesmere Island and northwest Green- A coral, Receptaculites sp., is present in the Sel- land (pp. 640-641, 652). kirk Member of the Ordovician Red River For- mation at Garson, Manitoba (p. 7). Kutorga, Stepan Semenovich Lalicker, Cecil G. 1 842 [ 1 843]. Beitraege zur Palaeontologie Russ- lands. Verhandlungen der Russisch-Kaiser- See: lichen Mineralogischen Gesellschaft zu St. Pe- Moore, R. C, C. G. Lalicker, and A. G. Fi- tersburg, 1842-1844, pp. 1-34, 6 pis. scher, 1952.

Zamia rossica is described and illustrated as a I a moil t. Archie plant from the Ural Mountains of Russia (pp. 7-

1 947. Gala-Tarannon beds in the Pentland 9; pi. 2, figs. 3a-c). Hills, near Edinburgh. Geological Magazine, vol. 84, 1846.Ueber das silurische und devonische no. 4, pp. 193-208. von Gatschina. Verhand- Schichten-System Silurian Amphispongia oblonga Salter and Is- der Russisch-Kaiserlichen Mineralo- lungen chadites aff. antiquus Salter are present in the Pent- Gesellschaft zu St. Jahre gischen Petersburg, land Hills, Scotland. Ischadites aff. antiquus, a re- 1845-1846, pp. 85-139, pis. 4-8. ceptaculitid sponge, differs from /. lindstroemi

Hinde and /. Murchison 1 Calamopora patellaria n. sp. [cyclocrinitid] is koenigi (p. 94). described and figured as a coral from [Ordovician] 1961. siltstones. in Wochana near Gatschina [near Leningrad] (pp. Deerhope Lexique Stratigraph- ique International. Volume 1. Europe. Fas- 128-129, pi. 8, fig. 1). cicule 3a V. Silurien. Congres Geologique In- ternational, Commission de Stratigraphie. I add. Harry Stephen Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1929. of the The stratigraphy and paleontology Paris, p. 71. Maquoketa Shale of Iowa. Iowa Geological Amphispongia oblonga and Ischadites aff. an- Survey. Volume 34. Annual Report, 1928, tiquus are found in the Deerhope siltstones of the with accompanying papers. Published by the Silurian Upper Llandovery Series. The type lo- State of Iowa, Des Moines, Iowa, pp. 305- cality is in the Pentland Hills of Peebleshire 448, pis. 4-17, text-figs. 64-76. [Scotland]. The upper Receptaculites zone is present in the Ordovician Galena Formation throughout the Lang, William Dickson, Stanley Smith, and Henry northeast Iowa region. Ischadites occurs in the Dighton Thomas Galena at Elkader, Iowa (p. 346). 1940. Index of Palaeozoic Coral Genera. British Museum (Natural History), London, 231 pp. Laird, Wilson M. Coscinopora infundibuliformis (Goldfuss 1826, 1944. The Geology and Ground Water Re- p. 30, pi. 9, fig. 16, and pi. 30, fig. 10) [not recep- sources of the Emerado Quadrangle. North taculitid] from the Upper Cretaceous, Greensand Dakota Geological Survey Bulletin 1 7, 35 pp., and Chalk, and from Westphalia, Germany, is 7 figs., 3 pis., 6 tables. chosen as genolectotype. Three— including the The Ordovician Stony Mountain-Red River genolectotype— of the four genosyntypes, are Me-

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 107 sozoic sponges. The fourth, C. placenta (Goldfuss Pogonip Group in the Arrow Canyon Quadrangle,

1826, p. 31, pi. 9, fig. 18) from the ? Devonian Nevada (pp. 596, 598).

[sic], Eifel district, Germany, is possibly a coral A. (P- 41). Langenheim, Virginia See: Langenheim, Ralph Louis, Jr. Willman, H. B., J. A. Simon, B. M. Lynch, and V. A. Langenheim, 1968. See: Greife, J. L., and R. L. Langenheim, Jr., 1 963. Lapham, Increase Allen Pierce, R. W., R. W. Ely, R. D. Stieglitz, T. 1851. On the geology of the south-eastern por- R. Courtright, and R. L. Langenheim, Jr., tion of the state of the 1969. Wisconsin; being part not surveyed by the United States Geologists, in a letter to J. W. Foster; pp. 167-171, text- Langenheim, Ralph Louis, Jr., J. A. Barnes, Knox- figs. 20-2 1 . In Foster, John Wells, and Josiah ie C. Delise, Wayne A. Ross, and J. M. Stan- Dwight Whitney, Report on the Geology of ton the Lake Superior Land District. Part 2. The Iron with the General Ge- 1956. Middle and Upper (?) Ordovician rocks Region, Together of Independence Quadrangle, California. Bul- ology. United States 32nd Congress, Special letin of the American Association of Petro- Session. Senate Executive Document No. 4. U.S. Government leum Geologists, vol. 40, no. 9, pp. 2081- Printing Office, Washing- 406 2097, 4 text-figs. ton, D.C., pp. A coral resembling Coscinopora sulcata Gold- Receptaculites sp. is found in the Ordovician fuss is found in the [Ordovician] Galena Lime- Mazourka Formation (?) in the Quartz Spring area stone in Wisconsin (p. 169). of California (p. 2089).

Lapparent, Albert F. de Langenheim, Ralph Louis, Jr., F. T. Barr, S. E. See: Shank, L. J. Stensaas, and E. C. Wilson Blaise, J., R. Desparmet, and A. F. de Lap- 1960. Preliminary report on the geology of the parent, 1971. Ely No. 3 Quadrangle, White Pine County, Nitecki, M. H., and A. F. de Lapparent, 1976. Nevada; pp. 148-156, 3 text-figs. In Boettch- er, Jerome W., and William W. Sloan, Jr. Larousse, Pierre (ed.) Guidebook to the of East (eds.), Geology 1875. Receptaculite. Gran Dictionnaire Uni- Central 1 960. Eleventh Annual Field Nevada, versel du XIXe Siecle. Francais, Historique, Conference. Intermountain Association of Geographique, Mythologique, Bibliogra- Petroleum Geologists, Salt Lake City, Utah, phique, Litteraire, Artistique, Scientifique, 278 pp. etc., etc. Tome 13. Administration du Grand Dictionnaire Universel, Paris, p. 772. Middle Ordovician Receptaculites mammillaris is in the Walcott abundant lower and middle Leh- Receptaculites is a polyp (p. 772). man Limestone in White Pine County, Nevada (pp. 149-150). Laseron, Charles F.

1954. Ancient Australia. The Story of its Past Langenheim, Ralph Louis, Jr., B. W. Carss, J. B. Geography and Life. Angus & Robertson, V. A. and R. H. Kennerly, McCutcheon, Sydney, 210 pp., 22 pis., 15 text-figs. Waines A sponge, Receptaculites, is characteristic of the 1 962. Paleozoic section in Arrow Canyon Range, Devonian in Australia and is found in many places Clark County, Nevada. Bulletin of the Amer- (p. 89). ican Association of Petroleum Geologists, vol. See also: 46, no. 5, pp. 592-609, 5 text-figs. Laseron, C. F., 1969. Receptaculites sp. characterizes the faunal as-

semblage in the uppermost unit of the Ordovician 1 969. Ancient Australia. The History of its Past

108 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Geography and Life. Taplinger Publishing Co., LeCompte, Marius New York, New York, 253 pp., 38 pis., 5 text- 1939. Les tabules du Devonien moyen et su- figs., 26 maps. perieur du bord sud du bassin de Dinant.

This is almost identical to Laseron, 1 954, except Memoires du Musee Royal d'Histoire Natu- that the reference to Receptaculites is on p. 102. relle de Belgique, vol. 90, 229 pp., 23 pis.

Receptaculites neptuni occurs in the Upper De- J. Laswell, Troy vonian F2b in the Dinant Basin of Belgium (p. 6).

1957. Geology of the Bowling Green Quadran- 1 956. Quelques precisions sur le phenomene re- gle, Missouri. Missouri Geological Survey and cifal dans le Devonien de l'Ardenne et sur le Water Resources Report of Investigations, no. rythme sedimentaire dans lequel il s'integre. 22, 64 pp., 1 pi., 4 text-figs. Bulletin Institut royal des Sciences naturelles Receptaculites oweni Hall is a common and de Belgique, vol. 32, no. 21, pp. 1-39, 2 pis. characteristic fossil of the upper part of the Or- Receptaculites and R. neptuni are listed from dovician Kimmswick Formation in Bowling Green various zones in the Devonian, Frasnian Dinant Quadrangle, Missouri (pp. 1 1-12). basin in Belgium (pp. 12, 15-16, 24, 31-32, pi. 1).

Max Walker de Laubenfels, 1957. Les recifs Devoniens de la Belgique. Bul- letin de la Societe geologique de France, 6e 1955. Porifera; pp. 21-112. In Moore, Ray- series, vol. 7, pp. 1045-1068, 8 text-figs. mond C. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Pa- leontology. Part E. Archaeocyatha and Porif- Devonian sponge Receptaculites is listed from era. The Geological Society of America and below the zone of turbulence in the Belgium reefs the University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, (p. 1051). 122 pp. 1958. Les recifs paleozoiques en Belgique. Geo- Family Receptaculitidae Eichwald 1 860 is placed logischen Rundschau, Bd. 47, heft 1, pp. 384- in kingdom, phylum, class, and order uncertain. 401, 7 text-figs. The recognized genera are: Receptaculites Blain- ville 1830, Acanthochonia Hinde 1884, Ischadites Devonian Receptaculites is listed from Frasnian Murchison 1839, Sphaerospongia Pengelly 1861, reefs in Dinant Basin in Belgium (pp. 387, 389). Cerionites Meek and Worthen 1868, Cyclocrinites Eichwald 1842, Dictyocrinus Hall 1859, Lepido- 1967. Le Devonien de la Belgique et le Nord de lites Ulrich 1889, Niduiites Salter 1851, Anoma- la France; pp. 15-52, 18 pis. In Oswald, D. loides Ulrich 1878, Pasceolus Billings 1857. Re- H. (ed.), International Symposium on the De- jected genera are: Tettragonis Eichwald 1842, vonian System. Calgary, 1967. Volume 1. Al- Tetragonis Lonsd. 1845, Sphaeronites Phillips berta Society of Petroleum Geologists, Cal- 1841, Polygonosphaerites Roemer 1880, and Dic- gary, Alberta, 1055 pp. tuocrinites Hall 1859. Receptaculites, Ischadites, Receptaculites from Middle Devonian Frasnian and Sphaerospongia are illustrated. Amphispongia bioherms in the Franco-Belgian Ardenne region is Salter 1861, Calathium Billings 1865, and Nip- listed (pp. 34-35). terella Hinde 1889 are sponges. Coelosphaeridium C. F. Roemer 1885 is an unrecognizable supposed LeConte, Joseph sponge. 1877. Elements of Geology. A Text-book for and for the General Reader. D. I an ri t /i'ii. 0rnu It. and David Worsley Colleges Ap- pleton and Co., New York, New York, 588 1974. as indicators in the Silurian Algae depth pp., 1002 text-figs. of the Oslo region. Lethaia, vol. 7, pp. 157- Receptaculitis [sic] is a characteristic Silurian 161,3 text-figs. [and Ordovician] calcareous sponge or a com- Mastopora sp. occurs sporadically in small col- pound rhizopod. Receptaculites formosus and R. onies in the Silurian Lower Llandoverian in the [sp.] are figured (pp. 290-291, figs. 287-289). Oslo region (pp. 159, 161). The revised and enlarged edition appeared in

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 109 1882, then multiple editions were issued until the See also: fifth edition, revised and enlarged, 1903 [last?]. LeConte, J., 1877, 1879, 1882, 1891, 1893, The sections on Receptaculites are almost identical and 1903. in the 1879, 1882, 1891, 1893, 1896 and 1903 editions, with minor changes in spelling and pag- 1903. Elements of Geology. A Text-book for ination. The fifth edition was revised and rewritten Colleges and for the General Reader. [5th ed.] in Herman Fairchild. part by LeRoy Revised and partly rewritten by Herman This is almost identical to LeConte, J., 1879, LeRoy Fairchild. D. Appleton and Co., New 1903. 1882, 1891, 1893, 1896, and York, New York, 677 pp.

1879. Elements of Geology. A Text-book for See also: and for the General Reader. [2nd ed.] Colleges LeConte, J., 1877, 1879, 1882, 1891, 1893, D. Appleton and Co., New York, New York, and 1896. 588 pp., 1002 text-figs.

LeConte, Joseph, and Herman LeRoy Fairchild See also:

LeConte, J., 1877, 1882, 1891, 1893, 1896, 1903. Elements of Geology. 5th ed., revised and and 1903. enlarged. D. Appleton and Co., New York, New York, 667 pp., 1002 text-figs. 1882. Elements of Geology. A Text-book for Colleges and for the General Reader. [3rd ed.] See also: Revised and enlarged. D. Appleton and Co., LeConte, J. 1877. New York, New York, 633 pp. Lee, Derek G., and W. G. E. Caldwell See also: 1 977. A new dasycladacean alga associated with LeConte, J., 1877, 1879, 1891, 1893, 1896, the "Arctic Ordovician" fauna on Cornwallis and 1903. Island. Canadian Journal of Botany, vol. 55,

no. 1, pp. 52-60, 1 pi. 1891. Elements of Geology. A Text-book for

Colleges and for the General Reader. [3rd ed.] A dasycladacean, Cyclocrinites bilobatus n. sp., Revised and enlarged with new plates and il- from tHe»Upper Ordovician Thumb Mountain and lustrations. D. Appleton and Co., New York, Irene Bay Formations of the Cornwallis group on New York, 640 pp., 982 text-figs. ,Cornwallis and adjapent islands, Northwest Ter- ritories, is described and figured. It is compared See also: with C. halli (Billings), C. gregarius (Billings), C.

LeConte, J., 1877, 1879, 1882, 1893, 1896, globosus (Billings), C. welleri Nitecki, C. dactio- and 1903. loides (Owen), C. spaskii Eichwald, C. darwini (Miller), and C. pyriformis (Bassler). The mor- 1893. Elements of Geology. A Text-book for phology and ecology of dasyclads is discussed. Colleges and for the General Reader. [3rd ed.] Other occurrences ofalgal associates of the "Arctic Revised and enlarged with new plates and il- Ordovician" fauna published previously are dis- lustrations. D. Appleton and Co., New York, cussed. Receptaculites, now believed to be a das- in New York, 640 pp., 982 text-figs. ycladacean alga, is a recurrent element the Arc- tic Ordovician assemblage (p. 53). See also:

LeConte, J., 1877, 1879, 1882, 1891, 1896, Lee, Robert Edward and 1903. 1980. Phycology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 478 pp., numerous text-figs. 1896. Elements of Geology. A Text-book for Colleges and for the General Reader. [4th ed.] The Ordovician to Permian family Receptacu- Revised and enlarged with new plates and il- litaceae of Dasycladales is described. Silurian Is- lustrations. D. Appleton and Co., New York, chadites abbottae is described and figured (pp. 4 1 2- New York, 670 pp. 413, text-fig. 15-41).

110 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Leech, Geoffrey Bosdin Lower Devonian Receptaculites sp. from the lower Emsian at Saoura, Algeria, is described, il- 1954. Preliminary account: Canal Flats, British lustrated (pi. 21, fig. 54), and compared with Re- Columbia. Geological Survey of Canada Pa- ceptaculites eifeliensis. per 54-7, 32 pp., 1 map.

I (.-i n in on. Receptaculites sp. is listed from the basal beds Dwight M. of the Ordovician Beaverfoot Formation Upper See: in the Hughes Range, British Columbia (pp. 22- Wheeler, H. E., and D. M. Lemmon, 1939. 23).

Lemon, R. R. II.. and Robert Gordon Blackadar Legrand, Robert 1963. Admiralty inlet area, Baffin Island, Dis- See: trict of Franklin. Geological Survey ofCanada E. and R. Le- Coen-Aubert, M., Groessens, Memoir 328, 84 pp., 9 pis., 1 text-fig., 3 tables, 1980. grand, 1 map.

cf. articus is found Lehmann, Ulrich Receptaculites [sic] Etheridge in the Pusingnajojaq Hill, and R. articus [sic] in

1964. Ein Receptaculites als Geschiebe. Son- the Crocker [sic] Bay Limestone at Dundas Har- derheft 14 des VFMG "Funde und Fund- bour in Baffin Island (pp. 73-74). moeglichkeiten in Niederdeutschland." Hei- delberg, pp. 84-87, 3 text-figs. LeMone, David V.

Receptaculitids, an independent group closely 1969a. Cambrian-Ordovician in the El Paso related to sponges, are described. Ischadites koe- border region; pp. 145-161. In LeMone, Da- nigii Murchison (= Receptaculites bronni Eich- vid V. (ed.), The Ordovician Symposium. wald) from an erratic boulder near Harburg [Ham- Third Annual Field Trip. El Paso Geological burg], Germany, probably originating in the Society, El Paso, Texas, 162 pp. [Ordovician] Backsteinkalk, is described and il- The sponge Calathium is listed from the lustrated. McKelligon Canyon Formation of the Ordovician El Paso Group (p. 152). Receptaculites oweni, a Leighton, M. M., and J. Marvin Weller questionable sponge, occurs in the Ordovician Red River Dolomite of the 1939. [Road Log.] First day of field conference, Upham Montoya Group Wednesday, August 30, 1939. Between East (p. 156). St. Louis, Illinois, and Cape Girardeau, Mis- souri. Guide Book. Thirteenth Annual Field See also: D. 1969b and 1969c. Conference. The Kansas Geological Society. LeMone, V., Southwestern Illinois and Southeastern Mis- 1969b. Lower Paleozoic rocks in the El Paso souri. August 30 to September 3, 1939. Kan- 68-79. In Sher- sas Geological Society, [Wichita, Kansas], pp. area; pp. Cordoba, Diego A., man A. and John Shomaker (eds.), 1 7-39, text-figs. Wengerd, Guidebook of the Border Region. New Mex- oweni is found in the Receptaculites upper part ico Geological Society. Twentieth Field Con- of the Ordovician in the Kimmswick Limestone ference, 1969. New Mexico Bureau of Mines Valmeyer Quarry, Valmeyer, Illinois (p. 23). and Mineral Resources, Socorro, New Mex- ico, 244 pp. Le Maitre, Dorothee This is nearly identical to LeMone, D. V., 1 969a. 1952. La faune du Devonien inferieur et moyen de la Saoura et des abords de l'Erg el Djemel See also: (Sud-Oranais). Materiaux pour la Carte Geo- LeMone, D. V., 1969c. logique de l'Algerie. 1. Serie., Paleontologie,

no. 1 2, Service de la Carte Geologique de l'Al- 1 969c. Cambrian-Ordovician in El Paso border gerie, Lille, 1 70 pp., 22 pis., 8 text-figs., maps, region; pp. 17-25. In Kottlowski, Frank E., tables. and David V. LeMone (eds.), Border Stratig-

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 111 raphy Symposium, University of Texas at El reticulata), R. sacculus Hall, and R. subturbinatus Paso, 1968. New Mexico State Bureau of Hall from the Niagara Limestone; and Pasceolus Mines, Circular 104, 123 pp. halli Billings from the [Silurian] Anticosti Group in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. All except R. reticu- This is nearly identical to LeMone, D. V., 1969a. latus are illustrated (pp. 603, 852-855). Ischadites squamifer, I. bursiformis, Receptaculites hemi- See also: sphericus, R. globularis, and Coscinopora sulcata LeMone, D. V., 1969b. (pp. 852-855) are listed. Toomey, D. F., and D. V. LeMone, 1977.

1890. A of the Fossils of Leonard, Arthur Gray Dictionary Pennsyl- vania and Neighboring States Named in the 1897. Lead and zinc of Iowa. Iowa deposits Reports and Catalogues of the Survey. Geo- Volume 6. on Geological Survey. Report Lead, logical Survey of Pennsylvania. Report P4. etc. Published for the Zinc, Artesian Wells, Volume 3. Published by the Board of Com- Des Iowa Geological Survey, Moines, Iowa, missioners for the Geological Survey, Harris- 2 19 pp. 9-66, pis., text-figs. burg, Pennsylvania, pp. 915-1283, numerous

Receptaculites oweni Hall is common in the [Or- text-figs. Galena Limestone of Iowa dovician] (p. 23). The sponges Receptaculites and Calathium grew in a spiral (p. 1 246). 1906. Geology of Clayton County. Iowa Geo- logical Survey. Volume 16. Annual Report, 1892. A Summary Description of the Geology 1905, with Accompanying Papers. Published of Pennsylvania, in Three Volumes, with a for the Iowa Geological Survey, Des Moines, New Geological Map of the State, a Map and Iowa, pp. 213-317, 6 pis., text-figs. 19-37, 3 List of Bituminous Mines, and Many Page maps. Plate Illustrations. Final Report Ordered by Ischadites iowensis is abundant in the Ordovi- Legislature, 1891. Volume 1. Describing the cian upper Trenton near Elkader, Iowa (p. 254). Laurentian, Huronian, Cambrian and Lower Receptaculites oweni, the most common fossil in Silurian Formations. Geological Survey of the Galena Limestone, is found in Clayton Coun- Pennsylvania [Second, 1874-1890]. Pub- ty, Iowa (pp. 260, 266). lished by the Board of Commissioners for the Geological Survey, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, Lesley, J. Peter 719 pp., 88 pis.

1889. A Dictionary of the Fossils of Pennsyl- Ordovician Receptaculites oweni Hall, R. nep- vania and Neighboring States Named in the tuni (Defrance), R. iowensis, and R. circularis are and of the Geo- Reports Catalogues Survey. figured (pis. 32, 40). Receptaculites oweni is char- logical Survey of Pennsylvania. Report P4. acteristic of the Galena division of the Trenton Volume 2. Published the Board of Com- by Group (p. 517). missioners for the Geological Survey, Harris- burg, Pennsylvania, pp. 438-914, numerous Levin, H. L. text-figs. 1978. The Earth Through Time. W. B. Saunders The following are listed: Receptaculites circu- Co., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 530 pp., nu- laris Emmons from the [Devonian] Hudson River merous text-figs. Formation; [Ordovician] R. iowensis (= Sele- noides iowensis) (Owen) from Turkey River, Iowa; Receptaculitids, green algae of the family das- R. infundibuliformis Hall from the [Devonian] ycladaceae, are common in Ordovician and sparse Lower Helderberg at Clarksville, New York; R. in the Silurian and Devonian. Receptaculites [R. Defrance from the Trenton neptuni [Ordovician] biconstrictus] is figured (p. 293, figs. 10-34). Formation; R. ohioensis Hall and Whitfield from the [Silurian] Niagara Limestone at Yellow Springs, Levorson, Calvin O. Ohio; R. oweni Hall from the Trenton (Galena) Limestone of the west and the Niagara Limestone See: of Indiana; R. reticulatus (Owen) (= Orbituloides Gerk, A. J., and C. O. Levorson, 1972.

112 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Levorson, Calvin O., and Arthur J. Gerk Field Trip. June 19-20, 1954. Michigan Geo- logical Society [Ann Arbor, Michigan], pp. 7- 1972. A preliminary stratigraphic study of the 16. Galena Group of Winneshiek County, Iowa. Proceedings ofthe Iowa Academy of Sciences, Receptaculites occidentalis is found in the Or- vol. 79, nos. 3-4, pp. 1 1 1-122, 2 text-figs. dovician Cloche Island beds on Great Cloche Is- land, Ontario (p. 10). The Ordovician Galena Group of Winneshiek County, Iowa, contains Receptaculites oweni zones 1 960a. Rice Lake- Port Hope and Trenton Map- in the Wise Lake and Dunleith Formations and areas, Ontario. Geological Survey of Canada, an Ischadites iowensis zone in the Dunleith For- Paper 60-14, 4 pp., 2 maps. mation (pp. 114-115, 117, 120-121). Pasceolus globosus is found in the Middle Or- dovician beds in southern Ontario 1975. Field recognition of subdivision of the Cobourg (p. 2). Galena Group within Winneshiek Co. Fall 1960b. Belleville and Gathering of Iowa, Minnesota, and Wiscon- Wellington Map-areas, Ontario. of Canada, sin Academies of Science. Saturday, October Geological Survey Paper 60-31, 9 pp., 2 maps. 4, 1975. Geological Field Trip. 17 pp., 2 text- figs. The Middle Ordovician ofOntario contains Re- in and 5 correlative The Ordovician Galena Group of Winneshiek ceptaculites sp. Map-units 3, 4, with the Leray, Rockland-Hull, and Sherman Fall, County, Iowa, contains Receptaculites oweni zones and Pasceolus in and in the Dunleith and Wise Lake Formations and globosus Map-units 5, 6, 7, the latter two correlative with the an Ischadites iowensis zone in the Dunleith For- Cobourg (pp. 3-6). mation (pp. 3, 5-6, 9-13, 16).

1963. Geology of Tweed, Kaladar and Ban- Lewis, Ronald 1 ).. and Ellis L. Yochelson nockburn Map-areas, Ontario, with special 1 978. Palliseria robusta Wilson (Gastropoda) in emphasis on Middle Ordovician stratigraphy. Oil Creek Formation, Arbuckle Mountains, Geological Survey of Canada, Paper 63-14, Oklahoma. Oklahoma Geology Notes, vol. 38, 15 pp., 3 maps. no. 2, pp. 43-48, 3 text-figs. Receptaculites occidentalis occurs in the Bob- Receptaculitids are common in the Oil Creek caygeon and Verulam Formations of the Middle Formation (Whiterockian stage of the earliest Ordovician Simcoe Group in southeastern Ontar- Middle Ordovician) in the Arbuckle Mountains of io. Pasceolus globosus is listed from the Verulam Oklahoma and in association with Maclurites and Formation (pp. 7-8, 10).

Palliseria in Nevada and western Canada (p. 47). 1964. Middle Ordovician stratigraphy of the Lake Simcoe Ontario. of Cen- Liberty, Bruce A. area, Geology tral Ontario, Canada. American Association 1 952. Fenelon Victoria Preliminary map— Falls, of Petroleum Geologists and Society of Eco- and Ontario Peterborough Counties, (descrip- nomic Paleontologists and Mineralogists. tive In John and Bruce A. notes). Caley, F., Guidebook, May 1964. Toronto, Canada. Fenelon Liberty, Preliminary map— Falls, Geological Association of Canada, Toronto, Victoria, and Haliburton Peterborough pp. 14-36, 2 text-figs., 3 tables. Counties, Ontario (map and descriptive notes). occidentalis from the Geological Survey of Canada, Paper 52-31, 8 Receptaculites Bobcay- and Verulam Formations of the Middle Or- pp., 1 map. geon dovician Simcoe Group and Pasceolus globosus occurs in Black River and Receptaculites Leray from the Verulam Formation are listed (pp. 19- Trenton Rockland-Hull in south- (probably beds) 20, 28, 30). ern Ontario (p. 4). See also: 1954. Ordovician of Manitoulin Island. The Liberty, B. A., 1965 and 1967b. stratigraphy of Manitoulin Island, Ontario, Canada. Michigan Geological Society Annual 1965. Middle Ordovician stratigraphy of the

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 113 Lake Simcoe area, Ontario. Geology of Cen- tion (pp. 43, 48, 1 78, 1 80) and Ischadites sp. from tral Ontario, Canada. Michigan Basin Geo- the Verulam Formation (pp. 56, 185). logical Society Annual Field Excursion, 1965. Guidebook. [Michigan Geological Survey Di- 1971. Paleozoic geology of Wolfe Island, Bath, vision, Lansing, Michigan?], pp. 14-36, 2 text- Sydenham and Gananoque Map-areas, On- figs., 3 tables. tario. Geological Survey ofCanada, Paper 70- 35, 12 pp., 4 maps. This is identical to Liberty, B. A., 1964. Receptaculites occidentalis in the Bobcaygeon 1967a. Stratigraphic studies of Middle Ordo- Formation and R. occidentalis and Pasceolus glo- vician and Cambrian strata in the St. Joseph bosus in the Verulam Formation are reported from Island-Sault Ste. Marie area; pp. 154-155. In southeastern Ontario (pp. 6-7). Jenness, Stuart Edward, Report of Activities. Part A. May to October 1 966. Geological Sur- See also: vey of Canada, Paper 67-1, Part A, 221 pp. Alguire, S. L., and B. A. Liberty, 1968. Bolton, T. E., and B. A. 1954. The Bobcaygeon Formation of the Middle Or- Liberty, dovician Simcoe Group on Recollet Point, St. Jo- Lightbody, Robert seph Island, Ontario, contains Receptaculites (p. 154). 1863. The address. Transactions of the Wool- hope Naturalists' Field Club, Hereford, En- 1967b. Palaeozoic of the stratigraphy Kingston gland, no. 4, pp. 23-30. area, Ontario; pp. 167-182, 3 text-figs., 1 ta- Sphaerospongia hospitalis Salter is mentioned ble. In Jenness, Stuart Edward (ed.), Guide- book. Geology of Parts of Eastern Ontario (p. 25). and Western Quebec. August-September Francis C. 1967. The Geological Association of Canada, Lincoln, 346 Kingston, Ontario, pp. See: O. F. C. 1948. Receptaculites occidentalis is found in the Mid- Terry, W., and Lincoln, dle Ordovician Bobcaygeon and Verulam For- mations, and Pasceolus globosus in the Verulam Lindstroem, Gustaf Formation of the Simcoe in Central On- Group See: tario (pp. 1 76, 1 78). Anonymous, 1885, 1888a, and 1888b.

1968. Ordovician and Silurian stratigraphy of Lochman, Christina, and Donald Duncan Manitoulin Island, Ontario; pp. 25-37, text-

figs. 7-1 1. In Liberty, Bruce A., and Frank D. 1 944. Early Upper Cambrian faunas of central Shelden, The Geology of Manitoulin Island. Montana. Geological Society ofAmerica Spe-

Michigan Basin Geological Society, Annual cial Paper 54, 181 pp., 19 pis., 2 figs. Field Excursion, 1968. Michigan Basin Geo- Upper Cambrian calcareous alga from Mon- logical Society [Michigan Geological Survey, tana, comparable to the Ordovician Apidium from Lansing, Michigan], 101 pp. Europe, is described and figured (pp. 79-80, pi. 4,

Receptaculites occurs in the Ordovician Bob- figs. 17-18). caygeon Formation on Manitoulin Island (p. 28). Logan, William E. 1969. Palaeozoic geology of the Lake Simcoe 1847. On the topography and geology of the area, Ontario. Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa River and some of its tributaries with Memoir 355, 201 pp., 30 pis., 10 text-figs., 7 notes on economic minerals. Table of levels tables, 1 map. of the Ottawa River to Lake Timiskaming, The following Ordovician sponges from the Lake the Mattawa River to Lake Nipissing, Lake Simcoe area of Ontario, Canada, are listed: Re- Nipissing to Lake Huron. Geological Survey ceptaculites occidentalis, Pasceolus globosus, and of Canada Report of Progress, 1845-1846, Receptaculites sp. from the Bobcaygeon Forma- pp. 5-98, 119-122.

114 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY A coral which resembles "Receptaculite de Nep- lands on Board the D.G.S. Neptune 1903- tune" of De Blainville is found in a [Trenton?] 1 904 [Cruise of the Neptune]. Geological Sur- limestone at Pocket's [sic] Rapids along the Ot- vey of Canada. Ottawa Government Printing tawa River in southeastern Canada (p. 66). Bureau, Ottawa, Ontario, 355 pp., numerous illus. 1850. On the geology of the vicinity of Bay St. Fossils from Series Db of Silurian the Paul and Murray Bay and of the eastern town- age along southern coast of Ellesmere Island include Recap- ships from the Chaudiere River to the Te- taculites sp. (p. 2 1 miscouatta Portage Road, with notes on eco- [sic] 8). nomic minerals. Geological Survey of Canada, Lowenstam, Heinz A. Report of Progress, 1849-1850, pp. 5-72. 1957. reefs in the Great Lakes area. Receptaculites neptuni occurs in the Trenton Niagaran Treatise on marine and [Ordovician] bituminous limestone between Bay ecology paleoecology. Volume 2. Geological Society of America St. Paul and Murray Bay, Quebec (p. 1 3). Memoir, vol. 67, pp. 2 1 5-248, 4 text-figs. Longwell, C. R., E. H. Pampeyan, Ben Bowyer, The Niagaran Silurian aberrant sponges Ischa- and R. J. Roberts dites, Cerionites, and Receptaculites are well 1965. Geology and mineral deposits of Clark adapted for the rough water (pp. 236-237, 239, County, Nevada. Nevada Bureau of Mines 241, 245). Bulletin 62, 218 pp., 16 pis., 22 text-figs., 18 tables. Luchinina, V. A.

The sponge Receptaculites occurs in Clark See: County, Nevada, in the upper unit of the Lower Nikitin, I. F., M. B. Gnilovskaja, I. T. Zhu- and Middle Ordovician Pogonip Group, the ravleva, V. A. Luchinina, and E. I. Miag- equivalent of the Antelope Valley Limestone of kova, 1974. the Eureka District (p. 22). Zhuravleva, I. T., and V. A. Luchinina, 1977. Zhuravleva, I. T., N. P. Meshkova, V. A. Lu- Lord, Clifford Symington chinina, and Y. L. Pelman, 1979.

1942. Snare River and Ingray Lake Map-areas, D. Dana Northwest Territories. Geological Survey of Luther, Canada Memoir 235, 55 pp., 2 maps. See:

J. and D. D. 1904 Calathium sp. is found in the Upper Ordovician Clarke, M., Luther, (Richmond) near the mouth of the La Martre Riv- Richard er in the Northwest Territories (p. 38). Lydekker,

See: Love, John David Nicholson, H. A., and R. Lydekker, 1889a 1939. Geology along the southern margin of the and 1889b. Absaroka Range, Wyoming. Geological So-

ciety of America, Special Papers, no. 20, 1 34 Lynch, Betty M. pp., 17 pis., 3 text-figs. See:

Receptaculites sp. occurs in the Leigh Dolomite Willman, H. B., J. A. Simon, B. M. Lynch, Member of the Upper Ordovician Bighorn For- and V. A. Langenheim, 1968. mation at Windy Gap, Wyoming (p. 20). Lyons, Erwin J. Lovering, Thomas Seward See: See: Agnew, A. F., A. V. Heyl, Jr., C. H. Behre, Morris, H. T., and T. S. Lovering, 1961. Jr., and E. J. Lyons, 1956. Heyl, A. V., Jr., A. F. Agnew, E. J. Lyons, Low, Albert Peter andC. H. Behre, Jr., 1959. 1906. Report on the Dominion Government Heyl, A. V., Jr., E. J. Lyons, and A. F. Agnew, Expedition to Hudson Bay and the Arctic Is- 1951.

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 115 Heyl, A. V., Jr., E. J. Lyons, A. F. Agnew, Tehniliste ja fueuesikalis-matematiiliste andC. H. Behre, Jr., 1955. Teaduste seeria 1958, no. 3, pp. 235-246.

Mastopora concava is listed from three Ordo- Lyubtsov, V. V. vician zones of Estonia (p. 241).

1 962. Organicheskiye ostatki drevneyshikh osa- dochnometamorficheskikh tolshch kolskogo 1966. Istorija razvitija baltiickogo basseina v poluostrova. Izvestija Akademii Nauk SSSR, ordovike [Evolution of the Baltic basin during Seriya Geologischeskaja, no. 10, pp. 69-73, 2 the Ordovician]. Institut Geologii Akademii text-figs. Nauk Estonskoi SSR. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Geoloogia Instituut. Valgus, Tal- Precambrian organic remains similar to dasy- lin, 200 pp., 69 figs. cladaceous algae of the tribe Cyclocrineae [not cy- clocrinitid] from the Kola Peninsula, USSR, are The following Ordovician siphonous algae are figured (fig. 2). listed and their stratigraphy given: from Estonia,

Cyclocrinites (p. 151), Coelosphaeridiwn (p. 151), See also: Mastopora concava Eichw. (pp. 49, 61), and from Lyubtsov, V. V., 1964. the Oslo region, Norway, Coelosphaeridiwn (pp. 65, 72), C. cyclocrinophilum Roem. (p. 66), Mas- 1964. Organic remains in most ancient sedi- topora (pp. 65,72) and M. concava Eichw. (p. 65). mentary and metamorphic sequences of the Ischadites sp. is listed from [Lower Caradoc] from Kola Peninsula. International Geology Re- southeastern Estonia (p. 45). view, vol. 6, no. 8, pp. 1408-1412, 2 text-

figs., 1 table. See also: Aaloe, A., E. Mark, R. M. Maennil, K. This is an English translation of Lyubtsov, V. Mueuerisepp, and K. Orviku, 1 960. V., 1962.

Mahaiev, V. N. Mabey, Don R. 1940. Materialy k poznaniu iskopaemyh vo- See: doroslei SSSR. [Contributions to the study of Hunt, C. B., and D. R. Mabey, 1966. fossil algae ofthe USSR.] Bulletin M.O-va isp. Prirody, otd. Geologii (Bulletin Soc. Nat. MacKevett, E. M., Jr. Moscou, S. Geologique), vol. 18, nos. 5-6, pp. See: 61-73, 2 pis.

Hall, W. E., and E. M. MacKevett, Jr., 1962. Silurian [Ordovician] dasycladacean algae Cy- clocrinus, Coelosphaeridiwn, and Mastopora are MacQueen, R. W. listed from the Baltic region (p. 66). See: Ollerenshaw, N. C, and R. W. MacQueen, Maher, John C. 1960. 1950. Detailed sections of pre-Pennsylvanian rocks along the Front Range of Colorado. Maegdefrau, Karl United States Geological Survey Circular 68, 1942. Palaeobiologie der Pflanzen. Gustav 20 pp. Fischer, Jena, 396 pp., 305 text-figs. Receptaculites and Receptaculites (?) are report- Silurian [Ordovician] Coelosphaeridiwn, Cyclo- ed from the Ordovician Fremont Formation in crinus, Apidium, and Mastopora are figured as das- Fremont County, Colorado (pp. 5, 7). ycladaceous algae (fig. 189, after Pia, 1923). Maillieux, Eugene Maennil, Ralf Martovich 1914. Nouvelle contribution a l'etude des recifs 1958. Grundzuege der Stratigraphie der Keila- coralligenes du Frasnien. Bulletin de la So- Stufe (Ordovizium, Estland). Eesti NSV ciete Beige de Geologie, de Paleontologie et Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised Vol. 7, d'Hydrologie, Tome 28, pp. 82-93.

116 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Receptaculites neptuni occurs in the Devonian Virginia is described and figured (caption to pi.

Frasnian near Baussu-en-Fagne and Dourbes, Bel- 101, fig. 2). gium (p. 83). Malchevskaya, T. M.. L. V. Romanovskaya, and 1919a. Expose du programme des excursions P. N. Varfolomeev dans les environs de Couvin, pendant la ses- 1966. Katalog monograficheskih paleontologi- sion extraordinaire du 1 au 4 septembre, 1913. cheskih kollekcii, v CNIGR Bulletin de la Societe Beige de Geologie, de hranjaschihsja muzee. "Nedra," 1 76 Paleontologie et d'Hydrologie, Tome 27, pp. Leningrad pp. 110-114. Ordovician receptaculitid types of A. N. Ivanov and E. I. from the Middle and Receptaculites neptuni is listed from the De- Miagkova Urals, the receptaculitids of F. N. Lower vonian Frasnian in Belgium (pp. 112-114). Chernuishev, Devonian, in the Western Urals, are in the CNIGR

Museum in Leningrad (p. 22). 1 9 1 9b. Quelques mots sur les recifs frasniens de la plaine des Fagnes, entre Nismes et Chimay. Bulletin de la Societe Beige de Geologie, de Mann, C. John Paleontologie et d'Hydrologie, Tome 27, pp. 1958. Geology of the Chandler Syncline, Fre- 114-124. mont County, Colorado; pp. 1 53-1 63, 4 text- The sponges Receptaculites spp., associated with figs. In King, Ralph H. (ed.), Guidebook. Stromatactis, and Ischadites are present in Fras- Twenty-second Field Conference. The Kan- nian [Devonian] reefs near Chimay, Belgium. Re- sas Geological Society. South-Central Colo- ceptaculites neptuni occurs in the Frasnian just rado. September 1958. Kansas Geological So- below the reefs in the same area (pp. 116-117, ciety, [Wichita, Kansas], 173 pp. 119-120, 122). Receptaculites (?) is common in the Fremont Limestone of Fremont County, Colorado (p. 1 55). 1927. Contribution a l'etude du "Massif" de Phillipeville. Bulletin de la Societe Beige de Mansfield, George Rogers Geologie, de Paleontologie et d'Hydrologie, Tome 36, pp. 86-1 12, 1 text-fig. 1927. Geography, geology, and mineral re- sources of part of southeastern Idaho. United Receptaculites neptuni Defrance is listed from States Geological Survey Professional Paper Devonian Frasnian levels C (improperly called the 152, 453 pp., 70 pis., 46 text-figs. Receptaculites neptuni zone), D, E, and F (F 2i) in the "massif" of 103- Phillipeville Belgium (pp. Receptaculites sp. is listed from the Ordovician 105, 107-108). Garden City Limestone in southeastern Idaho (p. 57). Maillieux, Eugene and Felix Demanet Svein B. 1929. L'echelle stratigraphic des terrains pri- Manum, maires de la Belgique. Bulletin de la Societe 1967. Paleobotanikk. Forelesninger til kurs i pa- Beige de Geologie, de Paleontologie et d'Hy- leobotanikk (Gp. 9) ved Universitetet i Oslo, drologie, Tome 38, pp. 124-131, 3 tables. Universitetsforlaget, Oslo, 95 pp., 10 pis. Receptaculites neptuni is found in the Upper The Norwegian Paleozoic dasyclads Cyclocri- Devonian Frasnian F2b of Belgium (table 2). nus, Coelosphaeridium and Mastopora are de- scribed and compared with Apidium. Ordovician Majewske, Otto P. cyclocrinitid is figured as a green alga (Frontis- 1969. Recognition of Invertebrate Fossil Frag- piece, p. 26, pi. 3, fig. 4). ments in Rocks and Thin Sections. Interna- tional Sedimentary Petrographical Series, ed- 1969. Planterikets Geologiske Historic Uni-

ited by J. Cuvillier and H. M. E. Schuermann, versitetsforlaget, Oslo, 36 pp., 16 figs. vol. 13, E. J. Brill, Leiden, 101 pp., 106 pis. Ordovician cyclocrinitid green alga is recon-

Ordovician spongelike Receptaculites sp. from structed (p. 1 8).

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 117 Marcy, Oliver Counties, Missouri. American Association of Petroleum Geologists. 1 966 Annual Meeting. See: Missouri Geological Survey and Water Re- Winchell, A., and O. Marcy, 1866. sources Report of Investigations, vol. 34, 48 pp., 1 1 text-figs., 2 maps. Mark, Elga The index fossil occurs near the See: Receptaculites top of the Ordovician Kimmswick Formation in Aaloe, A., E. Mark, R. M. Maennil, K. St. Charles County, Missouri (pp. 27-28). Mueuerisepp, and K. Orviku, 1 960.

Marr, John Edward Martin, K.

1883. The Classification of the Cambrian and 1888. Ein neues Untersilurisches Geschiebe aus Silurian Rocks. Being the Sedgwick Prize Es- Holland. Verslagen en Mededeelingen der say for the Year 1882. Deighton, Bell & Co., Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen, Cambridge, England, 147 pp. Afdeeling Natuurkunde 3, Reeks Deel IV, pp. 293-296. The amorphozoans Ischadites koenigi Murchi- son, /. bohemica Barrois, Nidulites favus Salter, Cyclocrinus spaskii is described from an erratic Tetragonis danbyi McCoy, and T. murchisoni boulder in Holland. Eichwald are listed (pp. 122, 134). Maslov, A. B. Marr, John Edward, and T. Roberts See: 1 885. The Lower Palaeozoic rocks of the neigh- Vologdin, A. G., and A. B. Maslov, 1960 and bourhood of Haverfordwest. The Quarterly 1961. Journal of the Geological Society of London, vol. 41, pp. 476-491, pi. 15. Maslov, Vladimir Petrovich

Nidulites is abundant in the Silurian Lower favus 1956. Iskopaemye Izvestkovye Vodorosli SSSR. Llandovery of Haverfordwest (pp. 486, 489). Trudy Instituta Geologicheskih Nauk, Vy- pusk 160. Akademia Nauk SSSR, Moskva, Marshall, F. C. 301 pp., 86 pis., 136 text-figs. See: The Baltic siphonous algae Coelosphaeridium, Robertson, F., and F. C. Marshall, 1975. Cyclocrinus and Mastopora (listed as corallines on p. 209) are in tribes Mastoporinae and Cyclocrinae Martin, James A. of the subfamily Cyclocrineae (pp. 20, 57, 209, See: 250-251). Koenig, J. W., J. A. Martin, and C. W. Col- linson, 1961. 1960. Novye Vodorosli Mela Kopet-Daga (Turkmeniya). Doklady Akademii Nauk Robert Martin, James A., D. Knight, and William SSSR, vol. 134, no. 4, pp. 939-941, 3 text- C. Hayes figs. 1961. Ordovician 20-32. In system; pp. Howe, Kopetdagaria sphaerica n. gen. and n. sp. from Wallace and W. The B., John Koenig (eds.), the Cretaceous of Turkmenia is described, illus- succession in Missouri. Missouri stratigraphic trated, and placed in tribe Cyclocrineae, family and Water Resources Geological Survey [Re- Dasycladaceae, order Siphonales. port], vol. 40, 2nd ser., 185 pp.

Receptaculites oweni characterizes the Ordovi- 1961. New Cretaceous algae of Kopet Dag of the of Sci- cian Kimmswick Formation in Missouri (p. 28). (Turkmenia). Doklady Academy ences of the USSR, vol. 134, pp. 1035-1037, Martin, James A., and Jack S. Wells 3 text-figs. [English translation. American Geological Institute.] 1966. Guidebook to Middle Ordovician and Mississippian strata, St. Louis and St. Charles This is the English translation of Maslov, 1960.

118 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY 1973. Dasycladaceae; pp. 20-22; pi. 13, figs. 4- Matyja, Hanna

10; pi. 14, figs. 4-7; pis. 15-16. In Maslov, See: V. P. (ed.), Atlas Porodoobrasujushich Or- Matyja, B. A., H. Matyja, and M. Szulczews- ganizmov (isvestkovych i kremnevych). [At- ki, 1973. las of rock-building calcareous and siliceous organisms.] Nauka, Moskva, 264 pp. McAllister, James F. Cyclocrinus and Mastopora of tribe Cyclocri- 1952. Rocks and structure of the Quartz Spring neae, are described and is Mastopora figured (pp. area, northern Panamint Range, California. 21-22; pi. 15, fig. 7). California State Mining Bureau, Division of

Mines. Special Report 25, 38 pp., 3 pis., 13 Mather, Kirtley F. text-figs.

1917. The Trenton fauna of Wolfe Island, On- Receptaculites sp. defines a Receptaculites zone tario. Ottawa Naturalist, vol. 31, pp. 33-40, in the Lower Ordovician Pogonip Group of the

pi. 1. Quartz Spring area, California (p. 1 1).

The occidentalis sponge Receptaculites Salter, McCabe, Hugh R. listed from the Ordovician Trenton Limestone at See: Marysville, Wolfe Island, Ontario, is a character- istic fossil of the Rockland Formation near Ot- Kent, D. M., B. Bannatyne, and H. R. McCabe, 1972. tawa, Ontario (p. 34).

McCallum, Malcolm E. See also:

Wilson, Alice E., and K. F. Mather, 1916. See:

Chronic, J., M. E. McCallum, C. S. Ferris, Jr., Matthews, William H., Ill and D. H. Eggler, 1969.

1960. Texas Fossils: An Amateur Collector's McCoy, Frederick Handbook. University of Texas Bureau of 1855. Systematic description of the British Pa- Economic Geology. Guidebook 2. Austin, laeozoic fossils in the geological museum of Texas, 123 pp., illustrations, maps. the University of Cambridge. In Sedgwick, Receptaculites, a Paleozoic sponge from Texas, Adam, Synopsis of the Classification of the is illustrated (pi. 14). British Palaeozoic Rocks. John W. Parker and

Son, London, 661 pp., pis. 1A-L, 2A-D, 1962. Fossils: An Introduction to Prehistoric 3A-K.

Life. Barnes and Noble, Inc., New York, New Devonian Sphaeronites tesselatus (Phillips) from York, 337 180 pp., text-figs. Plymouth, described as a cystidean echinoderm, may be conspecific with Receptaculites neptuni (p. Receptaculites, a fairly common spongelike fos- 77). Tetragonis danbyi [not a receptaculitid ?] from sil from the Middle Ordovician of Missouri, Min- Upper Ludlow [Silurian] rocks in Great Britain is nesota, Wisconsin, and Nevada, is figured (p. 202, described and illustrated as a cystidean (p. 62; pi. fig. 93). ID, figs. 7-8).

Bronisiaw Hanna and Michai Matyja, A., Matyja, McCutcheon, V. A. Szulczewski See: 1973. The Eocaudina Martin genus (Holothu- Langenheim, R. L., Jr., B. W. Carss, J. B. from the Devonian of Poland. Acta roidea) Kennerly, V. A. McCutcheon, and R. H. Geologica Polonica, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 135— Waines, 1962. 147, 2 pis., 2 text-figs. McFarlan, Arthur C. Receptaculites is found in the Upper Devonian of the Holy Cross Mountains in Central Poland 1 96 1 . Outline of the geology ofthe Cement Creek (P. 137). area, Gunnison County, Colorado; pp. 125—

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 119 132, 5 text-figs. In Berg, Robert R., and John Counties, Nevada. United States Geological W. Rold (eds.), Symposium of Lower and Survey Professional Paper 931, 49 pp., 2 pis., Middle Paleozoic Rocks ofColorado. Twelfth 35 text-figs., 6 tables. Field Conference. South Central Colorado. Receptaculites is diagnostic of the Ordovician Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists. Antelope Valley Limestone in the Toquima Range, Denver, Colorado, 236 pp. Nevada (p. 11). Receptaculites is found in the Ordovician Fre- mont Formation on the flanks of Cement Moun- McKinney, [Frank] Kenneth tain in the Crested Butte Quadrangle of south- See: western Colorado (p. 1 30). Rogers, W. S., M. Jackson, and [F.] K. 1964. McFarland, Herdis B. McKinney,

See: McLaren, Digby J. Peck, J. H., Jr., and H. B. McFarland, 1954. 1963. Southwestern Ellesmere Island between Goose Fiord and 3 10— McGerrigle, Harold William Bjorne Peninsula; pp. 338, text- figs. 17-18, 1 map, columnar sec- 1933. Faunas of the limestone and shale for- tions 28-32. In Fortier, Yves Oscar, and oth- mations of the Simard area. Si- Appendix, ers (eds.), Geology of the north-central part mard Chicoutimi Map-area, County. Quebec of the Arctic Archipelago, Northwest Terri- Bureau of Mines. Annual [Province] Report, tories (Operation Franklin). Geological Sur- 73-81. 1932, partD, pp. vey of Canada Memoir 320, 671 pp. The occidentalis Salter sponge Receptaculites (?) Receptaculites sp. A and sp. B are found in the is listed from the Trenton or earlier Ordovician Middle Devonian Blue Fiord Formation on south- of the Simard area (p. 74). western Ellesmere Island, Northwest Territories (pp. 321, 323, columnar sect. 30). McGill, Peter

See: McLaughlin, Robert E.

Craig, J., J. Devine, P. McGill, and R. Me- 1973. Observations on the biostratigraphy and meley, 1967. stratigraphy of Knox County, Tennessee and vicinity. Geology of Knox County, Tennes- William Mclnnes, see. Tennessee Division of Geology Bulletin, vol. 10 4 tables. 1911. Saskatchewan River district. Geological 70, pp. 25-62, text-figs., Survey of Canada, Summary Report, 1910, Receptaculites (?) and R. oweni Hall from faunal 169-173. pp. zones of the Lower Blountian subphase and Re- from Zone IV at Raccoon Ordovician Receptaculites oweni Hall is found ceptaculites sp. Valley, are at Deschambault and Bigstone Lakes in eastern Knox County, Tennessee, algae (pp. 44-46, Nidulites Bassler and N. Saskatchewan (p. 173). 48, 55, 57). pyriformis ovoides are listed from Zone III at Raccoon Valley 1913. The basins of Nelson and Churchill Rivers. (pp. 53, 55). Geological Survey ofCanada Memoir 30, 146 See also: pp., 19 pis., 1 map. Stephenson, J. P., K. R. Walker, and R. E. Pasceolus Eichwald and (Cyclocrinus) spaskii (?) McLaughlin, 1973. Receptaculites oweni are listed from Ordovician limestone north of the Saskatchewan River in Sas- McLearn, F. H. katchewan, Canada (pp. 60-61). 1915. Notes on the cores of Winnipeg wells, McKee, Edwin H. Manitoba. Geological Survey of Canada, Summary Report, 1914, p. 72. 1976. Geology of the northern part of the To- quima Range, Lander, Eureka, and Nye A large Receptaculites similar to R. oweni is found

120 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY in a well core in the Trenton (Galena) Formation same horizon in Wisconsin and Iowa (p. 303). in Winnipeg, Manitoba (p. 72). Pasceolus (?) dactylioides [sic] (Owen) from the Upper Silurian Niagara Group in Carroll County, McNair, Andrew Hamilton Illinois, is described and illustrated as a sponge of

uncertain position (pp. 345-346; pi. 5, figs. 2a-c). See: Billings believes this taxon to be a new genus in- Kurtz, V. E., A. H. McNair, and D. B. Wales, termediate between Pasceolus and Receptaculites 1952. (p. 346). If it is found to be distinct from Cyclo- crinites Eichwald and Receptaculites, with which McQueen, Henry S. it is compared, the new name Cerionites is pro- 1939. [Road log.] Third day of field conference, posed for it (p. 346). Friday, September 1, 1939. Cape Girardeau and "Embayment Missouri" areas. Guide 1870. Descriptions of new species and genera Book. Thirteenth Annual Field Conference. of fossils from the Palaeozoic rocks of the The Kansas Geological Society. Southwestern western States. Proceedings of the Academy Illinois and Southeastern Missouri. August 30 of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, vol. 22, to September 3, 1939. Kansas Geological So- pp. 22-56. ciety, [Wichita, Kansas], pp. 59-76, text-figs. The foraminifer (?) Receptaculites formosus n. Receptaculites occurs in the Ordovician sp. from the Upper Silurian (Niagaran) of Bridge- Kimmswick Formation at Cape Girardeau, Mis- port, Illinois, is compared with R. globularis from souri (p. 61, fig. 1 7). the [Ordovician] Galena (pp. 22-23).

R. E. McQueen, Henry S., and Norman S. Hinchey Melville, V., and W. China 1970. 1828 1 94 1 . [Road log.] First day of field conference, Receptaculites Deshayes, (Recep- Wednesday, August 27, 1941, Sedalia to Co- taculitids): validated under the plenary pow- lumbia, Missouri. Guide Book. Fifteenth An- ers. Bulletin ofZoological Nomenclature, vol. nual Field Conference. The Kansas Geologi- 27, part 1, pp. 14-15. cal Central and Northeastern Missouri Society. The names Receptaculites Deshayes 1828 and and area in Illinois. 27 to adjoining August neptuni Defrance 1827 are placed on the official 31, 1 94 1 . Kansas Geological Society, [Wich- list of generic names in zoology; the name Recep- ita, Kansas?], pp. 15-31. tacules Defrance 1827 is suppressed and rejected as invalid. Receptaculites is common in the Ordovician Kimmswick Formation near Saline City, Howard Robert County, Missouri (p. 24, fig. 9). Memeley, See: Meek, Bradford Fielding Craig, J., J. Devine, P. McGill, and R. Me- See: meley, 1967. Worthen, A. H., and F. B. Meek, 1875. Mensink, H.

Meek, Fielding Bradford, and Amos Henry Wor- See: then Durkoop, A., H. Mensink, and G. Plodowski, 1967. 1868. Palaeontology. Geological Survey of Il- linois. Volume 3. Geology and Palaeontology. Merklin, R. L. Published by authority of the Legislature of Illinois, Springfield, Illinois, pp. 289-565, 20 See: pis., numerous text-figs. Drushchits, V. V., G. G. Astrova, R. L. Merk-

lin, and V. N. Shimanskii, 1962. Receptaculites globularis Hall, Receptaculites sp., and R. oweni Hall from the Lower Silurian [Or- Merriam, Charles Warren dovician] Galena Limestone in Illinois are de- scribed and illustrated as Protozoa (pp. 301-303; 1963. Paleozoic rocks of Antelope Valley, Eu- pi. 2, figs. 1-3). Receptaculites oweni occurs at the reka and Nye Counties, Nevada. United States

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 121 Geological Survey Professional Paper 423, 67 lems.) Nauka, Sibirskoje Otdelenie, Novosi- pp., 2 pis., 8 text-figs., 2 tables. birsk, 92 pp.

The Ordovician Pogonip Group of the Antelope Ordovician Soanites are important components Valley area, Nevada, contains Calathium (?) sp., of bioherms in the Siberian platform. Soanites Receptaculites mammilaris [sic] Walcott, and R. overgrown by stromatolites are found in growth elongatus Walcott in the Chazyan Antelope Valley position with their open cups upward. The strati- Limestone and Receptaculites cf. occidentalis Salt- graphic position of the soanitid bioherms is de- er in the Upper Chazyan Copenhagen Formation tailed and cross sections of the bioherms are il- (pp. 25-26). lustrated.

See also: 1977. O sistematicheskom polozenii paleozo-

Nolan, T. B., C. W. Merriam, and J. S. Wil- ickih Squamiferida [On the systematic posi- liams, 1956. tion of Paleozoic Squamiferida]. Geologia i Geofizika, Akademia Nauk SSSR. Sibirskoye

Institut i Merritt, Clifford A. Otdelenie, Geologii Geofiziki, 1977, no. 4, pp. 43-48. See: The classification of receptaculitids Eichwald Decker, C. E., and C. A. Merritt, 1931. by 1840, 1860;Rauffl892;Sushkin 1958, 1962; Lau- benfels Eaton Nitecki Meshkova, N. P. 1955; 1960; Byrnes 1968; 1968-1971; Mueller 1968; and Rietschel 1969 is See: summarized. Zhuravleva, I. T., N. P. Meshkova, V. A. Lu- chinina, and Y. L. Pelman, 1979. See also: Ivanov, A. N., and E. I. Miagkova, 1950.

Meyer, H. V. Myagkova, Ye. I., 1966. Nikitin, I. F., M. B. Gnilovskaja, I. T. Zhu- See: ravleva, V. A. Luchinina, and E. I. Miag- Bronn, H. G., H. R. Goeppert, and H. V. kova, 1974. Meyer, 1848 and 1849. Zhuravleva, I. T., and E. I. Miagkova, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1974a, 1974b, 1977, and 1979. Miagkova, Elizaveta Ivanovna Elizaveta H. E. and 1965. Soanity-novaja gruppa organizmov. Pa- Miagkova, Ivanovna, Nestor, R. F. Einasto leontologischeskii Zhurnal 1965, no. 3, pp.

16-22, 2 pis., 3 text-figs. 1977. Razrez Ordovika i Silura Reki Moiero and Si- Early Ordovician Soanitidae n. fam. of un- (Sibirskaja platforma). [Ordovician lurian of the Moiero River known order is described. Receptaculites and Is- sequence (Siberian Izdatelstvo Ot- chadites are discussed. Soanites n. gen. bimuralis Platform).] Nauka, Sibirskoje delenie, Novosibirsk, 176 pp., 88 pi. 14 n. sp. from the Lower Ordovician Chunya Stage -figs., 3 tables. on the Siberian Platform along the Moyyero, text-figs., and other rivers is described il- Moyyerkan and Soanites bimuralis Miagkova occurs in the Low- lustrated. er Ordovician along the Moiero River in the north-

western part of eastern Siberia (p. 1 18, table 3). See also:

Myagkova, Ye. I., 1966. Mickleborough, John, and Albert Gallatin Weth- erby 1973. K ekologii ranneordovikskih soanitov [On 1878. A classified list of Lower Silurian fossils, the ecology of the Early Ordovician soanites]; Cincinnati Group. Journal of the Cincinnati pp. 65-69, 3 text-figs. In Betekhtina, O. A., vol. 1 Society of Natural History, , no. 2, pp. and I. T. Zhuravleva Sreda i Zhizn v (eds.), 61-86. Geologicheskom Proshlom (Peleoekologi- cheskie Problemy). Environment and Life in Astylospongia [now Cyclocrinites] tumida James the Geological Past. (Palaeoecological Prob- (a sponge) and Pasceolus claudei Miller and P.

122 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY darwini Miller (of uncertain affinities) are listed ticus (?) Etheridge from the Massive Dolomite from the Lower Silurian [Ordovician] Cincinnati Member of the Bighorn Formation in the central Group (p. 81). Wind River Range (pp. 201-202, 204-205) are mentioned. The lower faunal zone in the Bighorn Mierzejewska, Grazyna, and Piotr Mierzejewski Formation is characterized by R. arcticus (p. 209).

1973. abhorrens n. from the Receptaculites sp. 1932. The cephalopods of the Bighorn Forma- Devonian of Poland. Acta Palaeon- Upper tion of the Wind River Mountains of Wyo- Polonica, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 179-185, tologica ming. Transactions of the Connecticut Acad- 4-5, 1 pis. text-fig. emy of Arts and Sciences, vol. 31, pp. 193— 31 Receptaculites abhorrens n. sp. is described and 297, pis. illustrated from the Upper Devonian of Gorny Receptaculites arcticus (?) Etheridge is found in Poland. Mokrzeszow, Lower Silesia, Receptacu- the Lander Sandstone and Massive Dolomite lites R. and R. neptuni, scyphioides Quenstedt, Members of the Ordovician Bighorn Formation crassiparies Rauff from the Upper Devonian of in the Wind River Mountains of Wyoming (pp. Lower Silesia have been but R. described, only 204, 206-207). crassiparies and R. abhorrens n. sp. (often included in R. neptuni) are present. Receptaculites abhor- See also: rens combines features of and Is- Receptaculites Amsden, T. W., and A. K. Miller, 1942. chadites. are of uncertain Receptaculitids algae (?) Sweet, W. C, and A. K. Miller, 1958. taxonomic position. Miller, Arthur K.. and John B. Carrier Mierzejewski, Piotr 1942. Ordovician cephalopods from the Big- See: horn Mountains of Wyoming. Journal of Pa- Mierzejewska, G., and P. Mierzejewski, 1973. leontology, vol. 16, no. 5, pp. 531-548, pis.

75-79, 5 text-figs., 1 table. Mikulic, Donald G. Ordovician Receptaculites occurs in the Stew- 1976. Distribution and community succession artville Formation ofthe Upper Mississippi Valley ofSilurian trilobites (Thornton Reef, Illinois). and in the Bighorn Formation of the Bighorn Guidebook for a field trip on Silurian reefs, Mountains, Wyoming (p. 533). interreef facies, and faunal zones of northern Indiana and northeastern Illinois. April 30 to Miller, Arthur K., and William M. Furnish 1976. North-central Section of Geo- May 2, 1937. Ordovician cephalopods from the Black logical Society of America and Western Mich- Hills, South Dakota. Journal of Paleontology, igan University, 22 pp. vol. 11, no. 7, pp. 535-551. The beds of the Cyclocrinites [Lower Silurian] Receptaculites is present in the Dolomite Mem- Formation at are Hopkinton Monticello, Iowa, ber of the Ordovician Whitewood Formation in mentioned (p. 1 3). the northern Black Hills (p. 536).

Miller, Arthur K. 1954. Tri-state Geological Field Conference, Northeastern Iowa. University of Iowa, Iowa 1930. The age and correlation of the Bighorn 17 3 Formation of northwestern United States. City, Iowa, pp., text-figs. American Journal of Science, ser. 5, vol. 20, Lower and upper Receptaculites zones occur in pp. 195-213. the Ordovician Prosser Limestone and basal Stew-

artville Formation near McGregor, Iowa (p. 1 1). Receptaculites arcticus (?) Etheridge and Cyclo- crinites aff*. gregarius (Billings) are found in the Miller, Arthur K .. Walter Youngquist, and Charles Ordovician Lander Sandstone in the central Wind W. Collinson River Range, Wyoming (p. 198). Receptaculites from Wyoming, Alaska, Manitoba, and the Upper 1954. Ordovician cephalopod fauna of Baffin Mississippi Valley, R. oweni from the Stewartville Island. Geological Society of America Mem- Member of the Trenton Formation, and R. arc- oir 62, 234 pp., 63 pis., 20 text-figs.

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 123 The following Ordovician Receptaculitidae from Etymology and Signification of the Words,

Baffin Island are listed: Receptaculites spp. (fig- and an Introduction Devoted to the Strati- ured, pi. 6, figs. 5-6), R. (?)fieldi Roy, R. cf. arcticus graphical Geology of the Palaeozoic Rocks.

Etheridge (pi. 6, figs. 7-8), Lepidolites aff. dickhauti Published by the author, Cincinnati, Ohio,

Ulrich (pi. 6, figs. 1-4), R. cf. arcticus Etheridge, 245 pp. and R. cf. occidentalis Salter (pp. 8, 10, 20, 22- The following are listed: the sponges Calathium 24, 26, 81). Receptaculites, R. arcticus Etheridge, Billings 1865, C. affine Billings 1865, C. anstedi R. oweni Hall, and Receptaculites sp. are listed Billings 1865, C.formosum Billings 1865, C. pan- from other localities in Arctic Canada (pp. 28-30, nosum Billings 1865, C. canadense Billings 1865, 33-38, 40). The upper Receptaculites zone of the C. fittoni Billings 1865, C. paradoxicum Billings Stewartville Dolomite is mentioned (p. 40). 1865, Pasceolus Billings 1857 (incertae sedis), P. claudii S. A. Miller 1874, P. darwini S. A. Miller Miller, Ralph LeRoy 1874, P. globosus Billings 1857, P. gregarius Bil- 1937. Stratigraphy of the Jacksonburg Lime- lings 1866, P. halli Billings 1857, P. intermedius stone. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Billings 1866; the rhizopods Receptaculites De- America, vol. 48, pp. 1687-1717, 2 pis., 5 france 1827 (= Selenoides Owen 1852), R. calci- text-figs. ferus Billings 1865, R. canadensis Billings 1863 (= Ischadites canadensis), R. dactioloides Owen 1 840 Ordovician Receptaculites occidentalis Salter is (= Lunulites dactioloides), R. elegantulus Billings found at several localities in the Jacksonburg 1865, R. formosus Meek and Worthen 1870, R. Limestone of New Jersey, the Hull of New York, fungosus Hall 1861, R. globularis Hall 1861, A. the Rockland of Ontario, and the Black River of hemisphericus Hall 1861,/?. infundibulus Hall 1 86 1 New Jersey (pp. 1696, 1706-1707). (= Ischadites tesselatus), R. insularis Billings 1866, R. iowensis Owen 1852 (= Selenoides iowensis), 1939. Jacksonburg Formation; pp. 249-262, pi. R. jonesi Billings 1865,/?. neptuni Defrance 1827, 15. In Miller, Benjamin LeRoy, Northamp- R. occidentalis Salter 1859, R. ohioensis Hall and ton Geology and Ge- County-Pennsylvania. Whitfield 1875, R. oweni Hall 1861 (= Coscino- ography. Pennsylvania Geological Survey, 4th pora sulcata), R. reticulatus Owen 1 840 (= Orbit- series, Bulletin C 48, 496 pp., 29 pis., 36 text- uloides reticulata), R. subturbinatus Hall 1863, R. figs. sulcatus Owen 1 844; and the cystoids Dictyocrinus

Conrad 1 84 1 and D. The sponge Receptaculites occidentalis Salter (= Dictuocrinites) squamifer occurs at several localities in the Ordovician Jack- Hall 1859 (pp. 42-44, 65, 77). sonburg Formation of Northampton County, Pennsylvania (p. 255). 1879. Catalogue of fossils found in the Hudson River, Utica Slate, and Trenton Groups, as Miller, Samuel Almond exposed in the southeast part of Indiana, Southwest part of Ohio, and northern part of 1 874. Genus Pasceolus. —(Billings). The Cincin- Kentucky. Eighth, Ninth and Tenth Annual nati vol. 1 Quarterly Journal of Science, , pp. Reports of the Geological Survey of Indiana, 4-7, 1-3. text-figs. made during the years 1876-77-78. Geolog- ical of Ordovician Pasceolus Billings, P. darwini n. sp. Survey Indiana, Indianapolis, Indiana, 22-56. from Cincinnati, Ohio, and Maysville, Kentucky, pp. and P. claudei n. sp. from Maysville are described Pasceolus Billings, P. claudei Miller, and P. dar- and illustrated. Ischadites koenigi, Pasceolus halli, wini Miller are listed as rhizopods (p. 29). P. globosus, Cyclocrinus, C. spaskii, C. exilis, Sphaeronites tesselatus, Sphaerospongia, Recep- 1882. Observations on the unification of geo- taculites, R. calciferus, and Lunulites (?) dactio- logical nomenclature, with special reference loides are discussed. to the Silurian formation of North America. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural 1877. The American Palaeozoic Fossils. A Cat- History, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 267-293. alogue ofthe Genera and Species, with Names of Authors, Dates, Places of Publication, Calathium from the Calciferous, Quebec, and Groups of Rocks in Which Found, and the Chazy Groups, Receptaculites from the Calcifer-

124 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY ous, Trenton, Hudson River, and Niagara Groups, (p. 162). Pasceolus Billings 1857 is described (p. and Pasceolus from the Trenton and Hudson Riv- 1 62) and the following species are listed: P. claudii er Groups are listed as protists (pp. 277, 284). Miller 1874 (figured), P. darwini Miller 1874 (figs. 115-116), P. globosus Billings 1857, P. gregarius

1883. The American Palaeozoic Fossils: A Cat- Billings 1866 and P. halli Billings 1857 (fig. 1 17). alogue ofthe Genera and Species, with Names Receptaculites Defrance 1 827 (= Selenoides Owen of Authors, Dates, Places of Publication, 1822 = Dictyocrinus Conrad 1841 = Dictuocri- Groups of Rocks in Which Found, and the nites) is described (p. 1 63) and the following species Etymology and Signification of the Words, are listed: R. arcticus Etheridge 1878, R. bursifor- and an Introduction Devoted to the Strati- mis Hall 1883, R. calciferus Billings 1865, R. can- graphical Geology of the Palaeozoic Rocks, adensis Billings 1863, R. circularis Emmons 1856, 2nd ed. Supplement, Published by the author, R. devonicus Whitfield 1882, R. eatoni [nomen

Cincinnati, Ohio, pp. 245-334. nudum] Hall 1863 [sic], R. elegantulus Billings 1865, R. ellipticus Walcott 1885, R. elongatus The following are listed: Lepidolites Ulrich 1 879, Walcott 1885, R. formosus Meek and Worthen L. dickhauti Ulrich 1879, L. elongatus, Receptac- 1870, R. fungosus Hall 1861, R. globularis Hall ulites arcticus Etheridge 1878, R. circularis Em- 1861, R. hemisphericus Hall 1861, R. infundibu- mons 1856, R. devonicus Whitfield 1882, R. liformis Eaton 1832, R. infundibulum Hall 1861, iowensis, R. sacculus Hall 1879, and R. tessellatus R. insularis Billings 1866,/?. iowensis Owen 1852, (= Ischadites tessellatus) Winchell and Marcy 1 865, R. jonesi Billings 1865, R. mammillaris Walcott all considered Protista (pp. 260-261). Anoma- 1885,/?. monticulatus Hall 1883,/?. neptunei [sic] loides Ulrich 1878 and A. reticulata Ulrich 1878 Defrance 1827, /?. occidentalis Salter 1859 (fig. are listed as Echinodermata (p. 280). 120), /?. ohioensis Hall and Whitfield 1875, /?. oweni Hall 1861, /?. reticulatus Owen 1844, /?. 1889. North American Geology and Palaeon- sacculus Hall 1879, /?. squamifer Hall 1859, /?. tology for the Use of Amateurs, Students, and subturbinatus Hall 1863, and /?. tessellatus Win- Scientists. [Western Methodist Book Con- chell and Marcy 1865. cern], Cincinnati, Ohio, 664 pp., 1194 text-

figs. 1 892a. Palaeontology. Advance Sheets from the [Receptaculitid] sponges are assigned to the fol- Indiana Department of Geology and Natural families: Calathium to lowing Astylospongidae; Resources, 18th Annual Report. W. B. Bur- Pasceolus to Cerionites and Pasceolidae; Recep- ford, Contractor for State Printing and Bind- taculites to to a fam- Receptaculitidae; Lepidolites ing, Indianapolis, Indiana, 79 pp., 12 pis. ily of uncertain taxonomic position (p. 153). Ca- elrodi n. from the lower Mid- lathium is described and the following species are Receptaculites sp. dle Devonian of Indiana listed: C. affine Billings 1865, C. anstedi Billings Upper Helderberg Group is described and illustrated as a of 1 865, C. canadense Billings 1 865 (fig. 93), Cfittoni sponge family and is to Ischadites Billings 1865, C.formosum Billings 1865 (fig. 94), Receptaculitidae compared C. infelix\J\rich and Everett (in MS), C pannosum (pp. 3-4; pi. 1, figs. 1-3). Billings 1865, and C. paradoxicum Billings 1865

(= Nipterella paradoxica) (p. 1 55). Cerionites Meek See also: and Worthen 1868 is described and C. dactyloides Miller, S. A., 1894.

Owen 1 844 (formerly Lunulites) is figured (p. 1 56).

Receptaculites infundibuliformis (= Coscinopora 1892b. First appendix, 1892 [to S. A. Miller, Eaton 1 832 Goldfuss infundibuliformis [non 1826]) 1 889, North American Geology and Palaeon- and R. oweni C. sulcata Owen 1 844 Gold- (= [non tology]. [Published by the author?], Cincin- fuss are listed Ischa- 1826]) (pp. 157, 163-164). nati, Ohio, pp. 665-7 1 8, text-figs. 1 1 95-1 265. dites tessellatus, I. canadensis, R. tessellatus Win- The elrodi S. A. Miller chell and Marcy 1865, and R. canadensis Billings protozoan Receptaculites 1892 is listed 1863 (pp. 160, 163-164), Lepidolites Ulrich 1879 (p. 668). and L. dickhauti Ulrich 1879 (= L. elongatus Ul- rich 1879) are described (p. 160). The species cy- 1894. Palaeontology. Indiana Department of athiformis (genus undetermined by Hall, 1 847) is Geology and Natural Resources, 1 8th Annual the same as Palaeospongia cyathiformis Hall 1 847 Report, 1893, pp. 257-357, 12 pis.

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 125 This is identical to Miller, S. A., 1892a, except dites, and Receptaculites are figured (pp. 109-1 10, for pagination. 347-348, 350; figs. 7.18-7.19, 15.26).

Mistiaen, Bruno 1897. Second Appendix to [S. A. Miller, 1889] North American Geology and Palaeontology. 1980. Niveaux construits a Bryozoaires Fistu- the [Published by author?], Cincinnati, Ohio, liporides dans le Devonien de l'Hazarajat, Af- pp. 719-793, text-figs. 1266-1458. ghanistan central. Bulletin de la Societe Geo-

logique de France. 7e ser., tome 22, no. 1, pp. Anomalospongia (= Anomaloides Ulrich 1893), 103-113, 2 text-figs. Receptaculites devonicus, R. dixonensis Miller and Gurley 1896 (text-figs. 1267-1268), R. eatoni (= Receptaculites are present in the Devonian of nomen nudum), and R. monticulatus Hall (= R. Hazarajat, central Afghanistan; R. chardini is infundibuliformis) are listed. mentioned (pp. 107-109).

Walter W. Tul- Miller, Samuel Almond, and William F. E. Gurley Mitchell, George Hoole, Mykura, loch, J. Knox, J. R. Earp, R. B. Wilson, and 1896. New species of Palaeozoic invertebrates J. D. D. Smith from Illinois and other states. Bulletin of the 1962. Appendix 2. Table of fossils collected by Illinois State Museum of Natural History, the Geological Survey from mudstones and no. 1 1, 50 pp., 5 pis. siltstones of the North Esk Silurian Inlier,

Ordovician Receptaculites dixonensis n. sp., a 1 950-59. The Geology of the Neighbourhood sponge from the Galena Group near Dixon, Illi- of Edinburgh, 3rd ed. Memoirs of the Geo- nois, is figured and described and compared with logical Survey, Scotland, pp. 138-140. R. globularis. Receptaculites ohioensis, R. subtur- Amphispongia oblonga Salter is common in the binatus, and Ischadites koenigii are mentioned (pp. North Esk Silurian inlier (p. 1 38). 47-50; pi. 5, figs. 21-22).

See also: Henri Milne-Edwards, Salter, J. W., 1861.

1 860. Histoire Naturelle des Corallines au Po- Modzalevskaja, E. A. lypes Proprement Dits. Tome 3. Roret, Paris, 560 pp. 1955. Kolonii mshahaok ordovika i zavisimost formy ot uslovii sushchestvovanja. Voprosy Silurian [Ordovician] Cyclocrinites and C. spas- Paleontologii, [Leningrad], vol. 2, pp. 125— ki are described as Cnidaria (pp. 452-453). 135, 7 text-figs.

The Ordovician alga Cyclocrinus, overgrown by Milne-Edwards, Henri, and Jules Haime bryozoan, is described and figured (pp. 132-133, 1850. A monograph of the British fossil corals. text-fig. 6). First Part. Introduction: corals from Tertiary and Cretaceous formations. Palaeontograph- Montenat, Christian

ical lxxxv + 7 1 Society [Monographs] 48, pp., See: 1 1 pis. Desparmet, R., and C. Montenat, 1972.

Cyclocrinites Eichwald is described as Zoan- Moore, L. R. tharia incertae sedis (p. lxxiv). See: Mintz, Leigh W. Banks, H. P., K. I. M. Chesters, N. F. Hughes, G. A. L. Johnson, H. M. Johnson, and L. 1977. Historical The Science of a Geology. Dy- R. Moore, 1967. namic Earth, 2nd ed. Charles E. Merrill Pub- lishing Co., Columbus, Ohio, 588 pp., nu- Moore, Raymond C. merous illus. 1933. Historical Geology. McGraw-Hill Book Receptaculitids are dasycladaceous algae, com- Co., New York, New York, 673 pp., 413 text- mon during the Ordovician. Cyclocrinus, Ischa- figs.

126 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Ordovician Receptaculites and Silurian Ischa- son, Polygonosphaerites Roemer, and Leptoterion dites are listed as sponges but may represent a [sic] Ulrich are listed (pp. 356-358). distinct class of organisms (p. 1 98). 1 953. Manuel de Paleontologie Animale, 3rd ed.

See also: Masson et Cie, Paris, 759 pp., 277 text-figs. R. 1949 and 1958. Moore, C, Receptaculites neptuni Defrance is mentioned.

1949. Introduction to Historical Geology. Morgan, George Dillon McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, New York, 1924. Geology of the Stonewall Quadrangle, 582 pp., 364 text-figs. Oklahoma. Bureau of Geology, Norman, The section on receptaculitids is nearly identical Oklahoma, Bulletin no. 2, 248 pp., 53 pis., 1 to that in Moore, R. C, 1933. text-fig., 14 tables, 1 map.

Two species of Calathium in the Ordovician See also: Arbuckle Limestone and Receptaculites n. sp. in Moore, R. C, 1933 and 1958. the Ordovician Simpson Formation are listed from the Stonewall Quadrangle of Oklahoma (pp. 23, 1958. Introduction to Historical Geology, 2nd 27). ed. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, New

York, 656 pp., 591 text-figs. Moritz, C. A.

See: The sponges (?) Receptaculites (Ordovician) and L. and C. A. 1951. Ischadites (Silurian) are important index fossils (p. Sloss, L., Moritz, 291). M Hrk. Atle, and David Worsley

See also: 1980. The environmental significance of algae Moore, R. C, 1933 and 1949. in the middle Llandovery succession of the central Oslo Region. Lethaia, vol. 1 3, pp. 339- Moore, Raymond C, Cecil G. Lalicker, and Alfred 346, 6 text-figs. G. Fischer The dasycladacean alga Cyclocrinites is com- 1952. Invertebrate Fossils. McGraw-Hill Book mon in the Silurian Solvik Formation but rare in the Formation of the central Oslo Re- Co., New York, New York, 766 pp., numer- Rytteraaker Masto- ous text-figs. gion, Norway (pp. 340-344, figs. 2, 5-6). pora sp. and M. fava from the Silurian of this The of uncer- following spongelike organisms region are probable synonyms of Cyclocrinites (p. tain taxonomic are described: Ordovician position 341). The thallus-covering membrane of recent to Devonian Ischadites and and Receptaculites dasycladaceans is preserved in specimens of C. Devonian of class Sphaerospongia Receptaculiti- hull'i and Anomaloides reticulatus. The modes of and Ordovician a calcar- da; Nidulites, possibly preservation and paleoecology of Cyclocrinites are eous alga, but not a sponge, of class Nidulitida (pp. discussed. 89, 94-97). Middle Ordovician /. iowensis, R. ow- eni, and N. pyriformis and Middle Devonian 5. Morningstar, Helen tesselata are figured (figs. 3-5, 3-12). 1 924. Catalogue of type fossils in the Geological Museum at the Ohio State University. Ohio Moret, Leon Journal of Science, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 31-64. 1952. Embranchement des spongiaires (Porif- A paratype of Silurian, Niagaran Receptaculites 22 In era, Spongiata); pp. 333-374, text-figs. ohioensis Hall and Whitfield from Ohio is housed Piveteau, Jean Traite de (ed.), Paleontologie. in the Geological Museum at Ohio State Univer- Tome 1. Masson et Cie, Paris, 782 pp. sity (p. 59). Receptaculitidae, aberrant sponges of uncertain Morris, Hal Tryon position, are hexactinellids (p. 338). Receptaculites is described and illustrated. Receptaculites nepluni 1957. General geology of the East Tintic Moun- (related to the dictyosponges), Ischadites Murchi- tains, Utah. Guidebook to the Geology of

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 127 Utah. Number 12. Geology of the East Tintic onies of an alga (?), Receptaculites, are listed from Mountains and Ore Deposits of the Tintic the upper Thumb Mountain Formation and the Mining Districts. Utah Geological Society, Salt Irene Bay Formation (pp. 10, 17, 76, 105, 111, Lake City, Utah (distributed by Utah Geo- 115-116, 118). logical and Mineralogical Survey), pp. 1-56, 5 text-figs. Moskalenko, T. A.

"Receptaculites" is found in the Lower Ordo- 1952. Mutovchatie sifonnikovie vodorosli or- vician Opohonga Limestone of the East Tintic dovika pribaltiki i ikh stratigraficheskoye

Mountains south of Salt Lake City, Utah (p. 1 1). znachenie. Leningradskii Gosudarstvennyi Ordena Lenina Universitet Imeni A. A. Zhda- Morris, Hal Tryon, and Thomas Seward Lovering nova, Leningrad, 12 pp., 1 table.

The Ordovician are 1 96 1 . Stratigraphy ofthe East Tintic Mountains, following Dasycladaceae Utah. United States Geological Survey listed from various localities in the Baltic region, and their Professional Paper 361, 145 pp., 5 pis., 61 stratigraphy given: Coelosphaeridium cy- C. Kie- text-figs., 18 tables. clocrinophilum Roem., conwentzianum sow, C. kohtlense Bekk., C. wesenbergense Stoll., The problematic sponge "Receptaculites" is re- C. excavatum Stoll., Cyclocrinus spasskii Eichw., ported from the upper part of the Lower Ordo- C. jevensis n. sp., C. porosus Stoll., C. ornatus vician Opohonga Limestone in Black Rock Can- (Stoll.), C. roemeri Stoll., C. planus Stoll., C. sub- yon, near Eureka, Utah (p. 55). tilis Stoll., C. membranaceus Stoll., C. balticus

Stoll., C. porosus var. kiesowi Stoll., C. oelandicus John Morris, Stoll., C. vanhoeffeni Stoll., C. pyriformis Stoll., C. multicavus C. mickwitzi C. schmidti 1854. A Catalog of British Fossils: Comprising Stoll., Stoll., Stoll., concava Eichw., M. odini Stoll., the Genera and Species Hitherto Described; Mastopora M. and with References To Their Geological Distri- parva (Nich. Ether.), M.fava (Salter), Apid- ium krausei A. sorosis A. bution and to the Localities in Which They (Kiesow), Stoll., pyg- maeum and A. rotundum Have Been Found, 2nd ed. Published by the Stoll., Hoeg. author, London, 372 pp. 1956. Deyaki Dasycladaceae z ordovika pri- Nidulites Salter N. Salter the 1851, favus from baltiki. Naukovi zapiski chernivetskogo der- Silurian of Ayrshire, Receptaculites Defrance, and zhavnogo Universitetu. Seriya Geografichnih R. Ischadites of neptuni (= koenigi Murchison) Nauk, Vip. 2, vol. 22, pp. 232-253, 18 figs., uncertain taxonomic position from the Devonian 4 tables. of Eifel and Belgium and the Silurian Ludlow are The following members of the Ordovician tribe listed (pp. 362-363). Tetragonis Eichwald 1842, of from var- T. danbyi McCoy from the Silurian at Kendal, and Cyclocrineae family Dasycladaceae ious localities in the Baltic region are described Devonian Echinosphaerites tessellatus Phillips are and figured: Coelosphaeridium Roemer 1883, C listed as British echinoderms (pp. 79, 89-90). cyclocrinophilum Roemer 1883, C. wesenbergense Stolley 1898, Cyclocrinus Eichwald 1840, C. jev- Morrow, D. W., and J. W. Kerr ensis n. sp., C ornatus (Stolley 1896), Mastopora 1977. Stratigraphy and sedimentology of Lower Eichwald 1840, and M. concava Eichwald 1840

Paleozoic formations near Prince Alfred Bay, (pp. 232-247, figs. 1-13, tables 1-2). Devon Island. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin 254, 122 pp., 20 pis., 29 text-figs., 6 1963. Semeistvo Dasydadacese (Siphoneae Ver-

1 1 1 tables, map. ticillatae) Stizenberger, 860; pp. 206-22 , pis. 14-17, text-figs. 13-58. In Orlov, Y. A. (ed.), Cyclocrinitids, probably green algae of the fam- Osnovy Paleontologii. Vodorosli, Mohoob- ily Dasycladaceae, which resemble Cyclocrinites raznye, Isilofitovye, Planovidnye, Chlenisto- pyriformis (Bassler), occur in the Middle and Up- stevelnye, Paporotniki. Akademia Nauk per Ordovician Thumb Mountain and Irene Bay SSSR, Moskva, 698 pp. Formations of the Cornwallis Group on Devon Island, Arctic Canada. Several zones contain Cyclocrinus Eichwald 1840, Coelosphaeridium abundant cyclocrinitids (pi. ID, p. 11). Large col- Roemer 1885, and Mastopora Eichwald 1840, are

128 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY described and illustrated and placed in tribe Cy- 19, 1 949. American Association of Petroleum clocrineae. Ordovician Cyclocrinus sp. and Mas- Geologists, pp. 6-17, 8 text-figs. topora concava from the Baltic Region are figured Receptaculites is listed from the Ordovician (pi. 14, figs. 2-4). Kimmswick Limestone at Cape Girardeau, Mis- souri (p. 17). Mueller, Arno Hermann

1958. Lehrbuch der Palaeozoologie. Band 2. In- Muir, M. D. vertebraten. Teil 1. Protozoa-Mollusca. Gus- See: tav Fischer Verlag, Jena, 566 pp., 652 text- Walter, M. R., J. H. Shergold, M. D. Muir, figs. and P. D. Kruse, 1979. Receptaculites and Sphaerospongia tessellata are figured (figs. 148-149) and are described together Muir-Wood, Helen M. with Ischadites. Receptaculitids are a group of See: sponges of uncertain taxonomic position (pp. 1 48- Oakley, K. P., and H. M. Muir-Wood, 1948. 150).

Mullens, Thomas E. (ed.) 1967. Zur Morphologie von Receptaculites nep- tuni (Miscellanea). Neues Jahrbuch fur Geo- 1956. Upper Mississippi zinc-lead district. 20th logie und Palaeontologie, Abhandlungen, Annual Tri-State Geological Field Confer- Band 129, Heft 3, pp. 231-239, pis. 28-30, 2 ence. Wisconsin Geological Survey, 22 pp., 6 text-figs. text-figs.

Upper Devonian Receptaculites neptuni from Receptaculites oweni forms a Receptaculites zone Saxonia is described and illustrated. A taxonomic in the Stewartville and Prosser Members of the relationship of R. neptuni to any known group of Ordovician Galena Formation in southwestern organisms cannot be made, but its similarities with Wisconsin (pp. 2, 4, 6, 12, 20). archaeocyathids are discussed. Mullens, Thomas E. 1968. Ueber Receptaculites (Miscellanea, Re- 1964. Geology of the Cuba City, New Diggings, ceptaculitida N.) Freiberger Forschungshefte. and Shullsburg Quadrangles, Wisconsin and Deutscher Verlag fur Grundstoffindustrie. Illinois. Bulletin of the United States Geolog- 1 Reihe C. Bergakademie Freiberg, no. 22 , pp. ical Survey 1 123-H, pp. 437-531, pis. 25-32, 5-13, 7 pis., text-figs. 6-7, 1 table. text-figs. 51-66, 1 table. Receptaculitida n. ord. containing Receptacu- Receptaculites oweni Hall occurs in the Prosser, litidae Eichwald and Ischaditidae n. fam. may be Stewartville, and Dubuque Members of the Or- related to Porifera and Archaeocyatha. The Re- dovician Galena Dolomite in the lead-zinc mining ceptaculitidae and the Ischaditidae are described. district of Wisconsin and Illinois (pp. 462-463). Receptaculites neptuni is figured.

Muller, J. E. Mueuerisepp, K. 1967. KJuane Lake map-area, Yukon Territory. See! Geological Survey of Canada Memoir 340, Aaloe, A., E. Mark, R. M. Maennil, K. 137 pp., 1 1 pis., 6 text-figs., 4 tables, 2 maps. Mueuerisepp, and K. Orviku, 1960. Receptaculites sp. is reported from the Devo- Muilenburg, Garrett A., and Jack A. James nian Kaskawulsh Group in the southwest Yukon Territory (p. 29). 1949. Guide to field study in southeastern Mis- souri between St. Louis and Cape Girardeau, Murchison, Roderick Impey Missouri. Guidebook for the Field Confer- ence Held in Connection with the 34th An- 1839. The Silurian System, Founded on Geo- nual Convention of the American Association logical Researches in the Counties of Salop, of Petroleum Geologists. Southeastern Mis- Hereford, Radnor, Montgomery, Caermar-

souri and Southwestern Illinois, March 1 8 and then, Brecon, Pembroke, Monmouth, Glou-

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 129 cester, Worcester, and Stafford; with Descrip- low. Nidulites favus Salter (fig. 30.3 on p. 188) is tion of the Coalfields and Overlying listed as a polyzoan (p. 509). Formations. 2 parts. John Murray, London,

768 pp., 53 pis., 4 maps, numerous text-figs. See also:

Murchison, R. I., 1854, 1859, and 1872. Ischadites n. gen. koenigii n. sp., of unknown affinities, is described and illustrated from the Si- 1872. Siluria. A History of the Oldest Rocks in lurian Lower Ludlow near Ludlow, Great Britain the British Isles and Other Countries. With (pp. 697-698; pi. 26, fig. 11). Sketches of the Origin and Distribution of Native Gold, and General Succession of Geo- 1854. Siluria. The History of the Oldest Known logical Formations and Changes of the Earth's Rocks Containing Organic Remains, with a Surface, 5th ed. John Murray, London, 566 Brief Sketch of the Distribution of Gold Over pp., 200 text-figs., map. the Earth. John Murray, London, 523 pp., 37

pis., numerous text-figs. Receptaculites, a strange fossil of North Amer- ica, and Nidulites favus are listed as amorpho- Nidulites favus Salter is illustrated as a Lower zoans. Other entries [on receptaculitids] are iden- Silurian [Ordovician] zoophyte (p. 1 78). Ischadites tical to those in Murchison, R. I., 1867. koenigii, a cystidean (?), is figured (p. 217; pi. 12, fig. 6). See also:

Murchison, R. I., 1854, 1859, and 1867. See also:

Murchison, R. I., 1859, 1867, and 1872. Murchison, Roderick Impey, Edouard de Verneuil, and Alexandre de Keyserling 1859. Siluria. The History of the Oldest Fossil- iferous Rocks and their Foundations; With a 1845. Geologie de la Russie d'Europe et des Brief Sketch of the Distribution of Gold over Montagnes de L'Oural. Volume 2, Part 3. Pa- and the Earth, 3rd ed. John Murray, London, 592 leontologie. John Murray, London Paris, 512 43 + 7 pp., 41 pis., numerous text-figs., sections, and pp., pis.

maps. Devonian crinoid Echinosphaerites [Sphaero- tessellatus from the area around River A North American foraminifer, Receptaculites, spongia] near and is is discussed. Nidulites favus is a problematic or- Jolva, Bogoslofsk, Altai, Russia, fig- ured and described. It is with the De- ganism and Sphaeronites tessellatus De la Beche compared vonian fossils from Silurian may be a complex sponge. Ischadites koenigii is Plymouth, England. crinoid is listed figured as a probable cystidean (pp. 203-204, 228, [Ordovician] Cyclocrinites spaskii from Munelas and 298, 535-536, 542). Dago (pp. XV, 381, 383, pi. 27, fig. 7).

See also:

Myagkova, Ye. I. [Miagkova, Elizaveta I.] Murchison, R. I., 1854, 1867, and 1872. 1966. Soanites— a new group of organisms. In- 1867. Siluria. A of the Oldest Rocks in History ternational Geology Review, vol. 8, no. 7, pp. the British Isles and Other Countries. With 795-802, 2 pis., 3 text-figs. Sketches of the Origin and Distribution of This is an translation of E. Native Gold, the General Succession of Geo- English Miagkova, I., 1965. logical Formations, and Changes of the Earth's Surface, 4th ed. John Murray, London, 566 Mykura, Walter pp., 41 pis., 90 text-figs. See: The following are listed as amorphozoans: Am- Mitchell, G. H., and others, 1962. phispongia oblonga Salter from the Ludlow, Is- chadites antiquus Salter from the Llandeilo, /. koe- National Research Council (Ordovician Subcom- nigii Murchison (pi. 12, fig. 4) from the Llandeilo, mittee of the Committee on Stratigraphy) Wenlock, and Ludlow, /. tessellatus Salter MS and Sphaerospongia hospitalis Salter from the Cara- See: doc, and Tetragonisl danbyi McCoy from the Lud- Twenhofel, W. H., 1954.

130 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Neave, Sheffield Airey (ed.) Receptaculites orbis Eichwald 1860 from Vagi- natenkalk (pi. 1 9, figs. 16-17) and R. cassidiformis 1939a. Nomenclator Zoologicus. A List of the Patrunky 1919 from Orthocerenkalk (pi. 33, fig. Names of Genera and Subgenera in Zoology 24). from the Tenth Edition of Linnaeus 1758 to the End of 1935. Volume 1: A-C. Zoological 1973. Fossilien ordovicischer und silurischer Society of London, London, 957 pp. Geschiebe. Staringia no. 2. Herausgegeben von The original references are given for the follow- Nederlandse Geologische Vereniging. Druk- ing animals: Acanthochonia Hinde (p. 13), Am- kerij Twentsche Courant b. v. Oldenzaal, phispongia Salter (p. 1 60), Anomaloides Ulrich (p. Holland, 10 pp., pis. 51-109. 211), Cerionites Meek and Worthen (p. 645), Cy- The following Ordovician calcareous algae from clocrinites Eichwald (p. 9 1 7). the glacial erratics are figured and their depository given: from Backsteinkalk: Cyclocrinus spasskii 1939b. Nomenclator Zoologicus. A List of the Eichwald 1 840 (pi. 52, fig. 29), Mastopora concava Names of Genera and Subgenera in Zoology Eichwald 1840 (pi. 52, figs. 31-32), Receptaculites from the Tenth Edition of Linnaeus 1758 to damesi (Rauff 1892) (pi. 56, fig. 1), Receptaculites the End of 1935. Volume 2: D-L. Zoological sp. (pi. 56, figs. 2-3, 10), R. orbis Eichwald 1840 Society of London, London, 1025 pp. (pi. 56, figs. 4, 17), R. eichwaldi Schmidt (pi. 56,

R. aff. 1 The original references are given for the follow- figs. 5-6), Ischadites koenigi Murchison 839 = ing animals: Dictuocrinites (Conrad MS) Hall (pi. 56, fig. 15), Ischadites cf. murchisom'Eichwald 1 842 Ischadites Dictyocrinus (p. 78), Ischadites Lonsdale in Mur- (pi. 56, figs. 7-9), sp. (pi. 56, figs.

1 1-1 /. 1 1 chison (p. 786), Lepidolites Ulrich (p. 899). 3), koenigi Murchison 839 (pi. 56, fig. 6),

Tettragonis murchisoni Eichwald 1842 (pi. 56, fig. concava 57, 1 940a. Nomenclator Zoologicus. A List of the 14), Mastopora (pi. fig. 12), Cyclocri- Names of Genera and Subgenera in Zoology nus sp. (pi. 57, figs. 14-15), C cf. porosus Stolley from the Tenth Edition of Linnaeus 1758 to 1896 (pi. 57, fig. 13), Coelosphaeridium cyclocri- F. Roemer 1861 the End of 1935. Volume 3: M-P. Zoological nophilum (pi. 57, figs. 16-17); from Macrouruskalk: Society of London, London, 1065 pp. Cyclocrinus sp. (pi. 65, fig. 1 6); from west Baltic: Cyclocrinus spasskii Stolley The original reference for the animal Pasceolus 1896 (pi. 66, fig. 34); from Ostseekalk: Coelo- Billings is given (p. 622). sphaeridium wesenbergensis Stolley 1896 (pi. 73,

fig. 22); from Sylt: Cyclocrinus porosus Stolley 1896 1 940b. Nomenclator A List of the Zoologicus. (pi. 87, figs. 1-5), C. porosus var. ornata Stolley Names of Genera and in Subgenera Zoology 1896 (pi. 87, figs. 6-7), C. multicavus Stolley 1896 from the Tenth Edition of Linnaeus 1758 to (pi. 87, fig. 8), C. pyriformis Stolley 1896 (pi. 87, the End of 1935. Volume 4: O-Z and Sup- figs. 9-1 1), C cf. pyriformis Stolley 1896 (pi. 87, of Lon- plement. Zoological Society London, fig. 12), C. cf. porosus Stolley 1896 (pi. 87, figs. don, 758 pp. 1 3-14), C. sp. (pi. 87, fig. 1 5), C. spasskii Eichwald

1840 (pi. 87, figs. 16-17), C. cf. spasskii Eichwald The original references are given for the follow- 1840 (pi. 87, fig. 18), C. subtilis Stolley 1896 (pi. ing animals: Receptacules Defrance (p. 17), Re- 87, figs. 19-20), C. planus Stolley 1896 (pi. 87, fig. ceptaculites Blainville (p. 17), Sphaeronites Phil- 21), Coelosphaeridium sp. (pi. 87, figs. 22-23). lips (p. 241), Sphaerospongia Pengelly (p. 242), and Tettragonis (Tetragonis) Eichwald (p. 445). 1979. Fossilien kambrischer, ordovizischer und silurischer Geschiebe. Staringia no. 5. Her- Neben, W., and H. H. Krueger ausgegeben von Nederlandse Geologische 1971. Fossilien ordovicischer Geschiebe. Sta- Vereniging. Dinkeldruk b. v. Oldenzaal, Hol-

ringia no. 1 . Herausgegeben von Nederlandse land, 6 pp., pis. 110-164. Geologische Vereniging, Drukkerij Twentsche The following Ordovician calcareous algae from Courant n. v. Oldenzaal, Holland, 6 pp., 50 glacial erratics are figured and their depository giv- pis. en: from East Prussia zone DII: Cyclocrinus sp.

The following Ordovician fossils from the gla- (pi. 125, fig. 24), C. vanhoeffeni Stolley 1896 (pi. cial erratics are figured and their depository given: 1 25, figs. 25-26), unidentified Cyclocrinus (pi. 1 25,

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 131 fig. 21); from Kaolinsand of Sylt: Receptaculites acterized by Receptaculites, has both Middle and sp. (pi. 140, fig. 1), Coelosphaeridium cf. cyclocri- Late Ordovician affinities and is present in the Bad nophilum F. Roemer 1 86 1 (pi. 1 44, fig. 1 6), Coelo- Cache Rapids Group, the Red River Formation sphaeridium sp. (pi. 145, fig. 1), Cyclocrinus mul- of Manitoba, the Whitewood Formation of South ticavus Stolley 1896 (pi. 145, fig. 2), C. cf. porosus Dakota, the Bighorn Formation of Wyoming, the

Stolley 1896 (pi. 145, figs. 3, 6-8), Cyclocrinus ? Fremont Formation of Colorado, and the Fro-

(pi. 145, fig. 4), C. cf. spasskii (pi. 145, fig. 5), C. bisher Bay outlier of Baffin Island (pp. 21, 27). prorosus [sic] var. ornata Stolley 1896 (pi. 145, fig. concava Eichwald 1840 9), and Mastopora (pi. 145, 1964. Ordovician stratigraphy of northern Hud- fig. 10). son Bay Lowland, Manitoba. Geological Sur- vey of Canada Bulletin, vol. 108, 36 pp., 7 Robert B. Nelson, pis., 4 text-figs., 1 table.

1966. Structural of northernmost development Receptaculites sp. is found in the Ordovician, Snake Kern and Range, Mountains, Deep Red Riveran Portage Chute Formation at several Creek Nevada and Utah. Bulletin of Range, localities in the Hudson Bay Lowland of Manitoba the American Association of Petroleum Ge- (pp. 8-9, 11, 13). ologists, vol. 50, no. 5, pp. 921-951, 12 text-

figs., 2 tables. Nelson, Samuel J., and R. D. Johnson Receptaculites sp. is listed from the Kanosh Shale 1966. Geology of Hudson Bay Basin. Bulletin of the Ordovician Pogonip Group in Deep Creek of Canadian Petroleum Geology, vol. 14, pp. Range along the Nevada-Utah state line (p. 932). 520-578, 16 text-figs.

Nelson, Samuel J. Receptaculites sp. is reported from the Late Or- dovician Portage Chute beds on the North Knife 1959a. Arctic Ordovician fauna: an equatorial River near Churchill, Manitoba, and from equiv- assemblage? Journal of the Alberta Society of alent beds on Southampton Island to the north Petroleum Geologists, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 45- (pp. 537, 543, 565-566). 47, 53.

The Middle or Ordovician Red River (?) Upper Nestor, H. E. fauna contains Receptaculites. The lower Recep- taculites-bearing beds of the Beaverfoot Forma- See: E. E. R. F. Ei- tion of British Columbia may be contemporane- Miagkova, I., H. Nestor, and 1977. ous with the Red River (p. 45). nasto,

1 959b. Guide fossils of the Red River and Stony Nestor, Viiu Mountain equivalents (Ordovician). Journal 1974. Paleontoloogiliste Kogude Kataloog. of the Alberta Society of Petroleum Geolo- (Catalogue of the Paleontological Collec- gists, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 51-61, 4 pis. tions.) Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia, Geo- The sponge (?) Receptaculites, diagnostic of and loogia Instituut, Tallinn, 1 14 pp. restricted to the Middle or early Upper Ordovician The following Ordovician type specimens from Red River equivalents in western Canada, is fig- Estonia are housed in the Geological Museum of ured (pp. 51-52, 54; pi. 1, fig. 1). the Estonian Academy of Sciences in Tallinn: Coe- kohtlenense Bekker 1 924, from the 1963. Ordovician paleontology of the northern losphaeridium Kohtla in C. excavatum, C Hudson Bay Lowland. Geological Society of Jaerve; wesenbergense, Cyclocrinus mickwitzi, and C. roemeri Stolley 1 898 America Memoir 90, 152 pp., 37 pis., 5 text- (pp. 13,26). figs.

of uncertain taxonomic Receptaculites sp. po- Neuman, Robert B. sition is listed from the Portage Chute Formation of the Middle or Late Ordovician Bad Cache Rap- 1951. St. Paul Group: a revision of the "Stones ids Group in the northern Hudson Bay Lowland River" Group of Maryland and adjacent (pp. 9-12). The "Arctic" or "Boreal" fauna, char- states. Bulletin of the Geological Society of

132 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY America, vol. 62, pp. 267-324, 10 pis., 6 text- 1879. A Manual of Palaeontology for the Use

figs., 4 tables. of Students with a General Introduction of the Principles of Palaeontology, 2nd ed., Vol- Nidulites pyriformis Bassler occurs in the Or- = ume 1. William Blackwood and Sons, Edin- dovician Chambersburg (= Edinburg Shippens- burgh and London, 5 1 1 pp., 38 1 text-figs. burg) Limestone of Virginia, Maryland, and The are described 126-128, 135- Pennsylvania (pp. 300, 311,315-317). following (pp. 136, 140, 148, 297-299) and figured: the Silurian

sponges Amphispongia, A. oblonga (figs. 33c-d) \ on ma> r. M. and [Ordovician] Calathium; and the organisms

1 889. Die staemme des thierreiches. Wirbellose of uncertain zoological position, but possibly pro-

Thiere. Erster band. Verlag Von F. Tempsky, tozoans: Receptaculites (fig. 28), R. neptuni (fig. Wien und Prag, 603 pp., 192 text-figs. 29), Ischadites (= Receptaculites), Tetragonis (=

Receptaculites), Pasceolus, P. halli (fig. 176a), P. Receptaculitids, genera Ischadites, Receptacu- globosus (fig. 1 76b), Cyclocrinus, C. spaskii (figs. lites, Acanthochonia, and Sphaerospongia are de- 176e-h), Nidulites, N. favus (fig. 176i), Sphaero- scribed and R. occidentalis is figured, as hexacti- spongia, S. tesselatus, and S. mellijlua (figs. 1 76c- nellid sponges. Amphispongia is listed as a lyssakine d). sponge (pp. 216, 228, 230-232, fig. 43).

1 882. The Ancient Life-History of the Earth. D. Newton, Edwin Tulley Appleton and Company, New York, New York, 407 pp., 270 text-figs. 1 878. A Catalogue of the Cambrian and Silurian Lower Silurian and Fossils in the Museum of Practical Geology. [Ordovician] Receptaculites Ischadites be foraminifers. Si- George E. Eyre and William Spottiswoode, may gigantic Upper lurian is a and Ischadites London, 90 pp. Amphispongia sponge (?) a protozoan (pp. 98-99, 1 18). The following [Ordovician and] Silurian sponges are listed from numerous British localities: Is- See also: chadites antiquus Salter, /. koenigii Murchison, /. White, C. A., and H. A. Nicholson, 1878 and grindrodi Salter, /. tessellatus (?) Salter, Ischadites 1879. n. sp., Ischadites sp., Sphaerospongia hospitalis Nicholson, Henry Alleyne, and Robert Etheridge, Salter, Nidulites (?) variolata Edgell, N. favus Salt- Jr. er, Tetragonis danbyi McCoy, Tetragonis (?), and Amphispongia oblonga Salter (pp. 17, 31, 62, 69, 1878-1880. A Monograph of the Silurian Fos- 79,93, 115, 124, 128). sils of the Girvan District in Ayrshire with Special Reference to those Contained in the Nicholson, Henry Alleyne "Gray Collection." Fasciculus 1. Rhizopoda, Actinozoa, Trilobita. William Blackwood and 1872. A Manual of For the Use Palaeontology. Sons, Edinburgh, 341 pp., 24 pis., 11 text- of Students with a General Introduction on figs., 1 table. the Principles of Palaeontology. William The Rhizopoda Pasceolus, Cyclocrinus, Sphae- Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh and London, rospongia, Nidulites, and Ischadites are congeneric 601 pp., 401 text-figs. and probably related to Receptaculites. Nidulites Upper Cambrian [Ordovician] Calathium and Salter, Ischadites Murchison, and /. koenigii are Silurian Amphispongia are described as sponges described. Nidulites favus Salter, Pasceolus halli, (pp. 68-69). Receptaculites is described and fig- P. globosus, Sphaerospongia melliflua, and Cyclo- ured as a Silurian [and Ordovician] fossil ofdoubt- crinus spaskii are illustrated (pi. 9, figs. 15-22, ful affinities, probably related to sponges. Silurian text-fig. 1 ). Sphaeronites tesselatus, Receptaculites [and Ordovician] Ischadites is allied with or iden- canadensis, Ischadites antiquus, I. grindrodi, I. mi- tical to Receptaculites (pp. 71-72, 517). cropora, and /. tessellatus are listed (pp. 10-21).

Nicholson, and Richard Lydekker See also: Henry Alleyne, Nicholson, H. A., and R. Lyddeker, 1889a 1889a. A Manual of Palaeontology for the Use and 1889b. of Students with a General Introduction on

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 133 the Principles of Palaeontology, 3rd ed., Vol- from the Cincinnati area (pp. 66, 69-70, 76-77,

ume 1 . William Blackwood and Sons, Edin- 90). burgh and London, 885 pp., 812 text-figs. Nicolas, Frank J. Silurian Amphispongia is described (pp. 176-

177) and figured (figs. 68c-d) as a hexactinellid 1908. General Index to Reports. 1885-1906. sponge. Calathium, a lithistid sponge, occurs in Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa, On- the Calciferous of Canada. Related forms occur in tario, 1014 pp. the Durness Limestone of Britain (p. 166). The References to [receptaculitids] in Canadian pub- Ordovician to Devonian hexactinellid sponges of lications from 1885 to 1906 are included (pp. 223, family Receptaculitidae, consisting of Receptac- 451,694, 773, 876). ulites (fig. 62), R. neptuni (fig. 61), Ischadites, Acanthochonia, and Sphaerospongia, are described 1 923. Index to Separate Reports 1 906-1 9 1 and (pp. 170-173). Tetragonis belongs in part to Is- Summary Reports 1905-1916. Geological chadites and in part to Dictyophyton. Pasceolus, Survey of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, 305 pp. Cyclocrinus, and Nidulites (= Mastopora) are de- scribed (pp. 186-189) as of uncertain affinities, References to [receptaculitids] in Canadian pub- possibly calcareous algae (Siphoneae verticilatae). lications from 1905 to 1916 are included (pp. 75, Ordovician Pasceolus halli, P. globosus, P. (?) mel- 138, 193, 206, 228, 257). liflua, Cyclocrinus spaskii, C. (Nidulites) favus and Silurian Nidulites are figured (pp. 73-74). 1925. Index to palaeontology; geological pub- lications 1847 to 1916. Geological Survey of

See also: Canada Miscellaneous Series, 1, 383 pp. Nicholson, H. A., 1872. References to [receptaculitids] in Canadian pub- lications from 1847 to 1916 are included (pp. 42, 1889b. A Manual of Palaeontology for the Use 69, 76, 139, 183, 207, 227, 245-246, 260, 264, of Students with a General Introduction on 292). the Principles of Palaeontology, 3rd ed., Vol- ume 2. William Blackwood and Sons, Edin- 1930. Index to palaeontology; geological pub- burgh and London, pp. 889-1624, 607 text- lications 1917 to 1926. Geological Survey of figs. Canada Miscellaneous Series, 2, pp. 384-482.

RaufFs (1888) observations about receptaculi- References to [receptaculitids] in Canadian pub- tids are summarized. Receptaculites, Ischadites (= lications from 1 9 1 7 to 1 926 are included (pp. 4 1 7, Acanthochonia), and Polygonosphaerites (Sphae- 433, 443). rospongia) are in family Receptaculitidae of cal- careous sponges (pp. 1563-1564). Mastopora Nikitin, I. F., M. B. Gnilovskaja, I. T. Zhuravleva, (Nidulites) and Cyclocrinus are unrelated to the V. A. Luchinina, and E. I. Miagkova Receptaculitidae but similar to the Polyzoa. 1974. Anderkenskaja biogermnaja gryada i is- See also: toria yeye obrazotrania; pp. 122-159, 8 pis., 34 2 tables. In O. Nicholson, H. A., 1872. text-figs., Betekhtina, A., and I. T. Zhuravleva (eds.), Sreda i Zhizn v Geologicheskom Proshlom (Paleoekologi- Nickles, John M. cheskie Problemy). Environment and Life in 1902. The geology of Cincinnati. Journal of the the Geological Past (Palaeoecological Prob- Cincinnati Society of Natural History, vol. lems). Nauka, Sibirskoe Otdelenie, Novosi- 20, no. 2, art. 3, pp. 49-100, 1 pi. birsk, 258 pp.

Ordovician Pasceolus globosus of uncertain The following Middle to Upper Ordovician taxonomic position from the Utica, Lorraine and Dasycladaceae of the tribe Cyclocrineae from Ka- Richmond Groups, the sponges Lepidolites dick- zakhstan are described and illustrated: Cyclocri- hauti from the Lower Utica Beds of the Utica nites nikitini Gnilovskaja, Mastopora reticulata Group, and Anomalospongia reticulata from the Gnilovskaja, M. nana Gnilovskaja, and Apidium Mt. Hope beds of the Lorraine Group are listed parvulum Gnilovskaja (pp. 153-157; pi. 26, figs.

134 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY 2-4; pi. 27, figs. 1-2; pi. 28, figs. 1-3; pi. 29, figs. Program with Abstracts. Annual Meetings.

1-5; pi. 30, figs. 1,4-5; text-fig. 34). Apidium Stol- Geological Society of America, 1967, pp. 165— ley and Coelosphaeridium are mentioned as Mid- 166. dle to Upper Ordovician Dasycladales (pp. 127- Dasycladaceous receptaculitids include Cyclo- 144). crinites, Calathium and the Receptaculites- Ischa- dites Niklas, Karl J. complex.

1977. constructions of some fossil Ontogenetic See also: Review of and plants. Paleobotany Palynol- Nitecki, M. H., 1968d. ogy, vol. 23, pp. 337-357, 5 text-figs.

The facets of the dasyclad alga Mastopora pyr- 1968a. The nature and the systematic position oformis [sic] Bassler are accreted in a whorl-like ofreceptaculitids. Abstracts ofthe Papers Pre- arrangement (pp. 340-343, 351-352). sented at the Session of the International Pa- leontological Union. Prague, Czechoslovakia, Niles, A. E. August 20-27, 1968. International Paleon- tological Union, Prague, pp. 19-20. 1865. [Untitled minutes of the March 2, 1864 of the Boston meeting.] Proceedings Society Receptaculitid algae are divided into two groups, of Natural vol. 19-20. History, 10, pp. one containing Cyclocrinites, Anomaloides, Lepid- and and a second of Pasceolus (= Cyclocrinites Eichwald) halli Bil- olites, Mastopora consisting Calathium, Ischadites, and lings from Anticosti Island, Quebec, is probably a Receptaculites. cystidean in the family Sphaeronitidae. 1968b. Revision of North American cyclocri- Nitecki, Matthew H. nitids [abstr.]. Program. Annual Meeting of the Geological Society of America, North- 1965. Catalogue of type specimens in Chicago Central Section, 1968, p. 35. Natural History Museum. Porifera. Field- iana: Geology, vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 477-509. Cyclocrinitids, small Ordovician and Silurian marine calcareous algae, are represented in North The following [receptaculitid] types of uncertain America by Anomaloides (= Anomalospongia), taxonomic positions are in the Field Museum col- Lunulites, Cerio- lections: Pasceolus claudei Miller 1874, P. darwini Cyclocrinites (= Cyclocrinus, nites, Pasceolus, Mastopora, and Nidulites), and Miller 1874, P. globosus Billings 1857, Receptac- Lepidolites. ulites cornutiformis Bradley 1930, R. dixonensis Miller and Gurley 1896, R. elrodi Miller 1894, R. See also: Ofieldi Roy 1941, /f. bursiformis Hall 1883, R. Nitecki, M. H., 1969e. monticulatus Hall 1883, Receptaculites sp., Sele- noides iowensis Owen 1852, Ischadites iowensis 1968c. On the nature of the (Owen) and /. tessellatus Winchell and Marcy 1 866. holotype ofNipter- ella paradoxica (Billings). Fieldiana: Geology, 1967a. Receptaculites Deshayes, 1828 (Recep- vol. 16, no. 11, pp. 289-295, 4 text-figs. taculitids): proposed validation under the ple- The holotype of Calathium paradoxicum Bil- nary powers. Z.N.(S). 1787. Bulletin of Zoo- lings 1865, which forms the basis of the genus logical Nomenclature, vol. 24, part 2, pp. 1 1 9- Nipterella Hinde 1 889, is a cherty concretion, not 120. a fossil. Application is made to the International Com- mission on Zoological Nomenclature to validate 1968d. Systematic position of receptaculitids. the generic name Receptaculites Deshayes 1828 Geological Society ofAmerica Special Papers, and to suppress the earlier name Receptacules no. 115, pp. 165-166. Defrance 1827. This is identical to Nitecki, M. H., 1967b.

See also: Melville, R. V., and W. E. China, 1970. 1 969a. Nature and variations of Ischadites ko- enigi Murchison. Program with Abstracts. 1967b. Systematic position of receptaculitids. Annual Meetings of the Geological Society of

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 135 America, North-Central Section, 1969, part litid. Fieldiana: Geology, vol. 20, no. 5, pp. 6, pp. 33-34. 77-83, 3 text-figs.

The following are synonyms of the dasyclada- Lower Devonian Ischadites elrodi from Indiana ceous alga Ischadites koenigi: I. tessellatus Win- is described and illustrated as a dasycladaceous chell and Marcy 1866, /. canadensis Billings 1863, alga closely related to Silurian Ischadites koenigii Receptaculitesformosus Meek and Worthen 1 870, Murchison 1839. R. elrodi Miller 1892, R. dixonensis Miller and R. Twenhofel 1938 and Gurley 1896, pedunculatus 1970b. North American cyclocrinitid algae. R. Hall 1861. infundibulum Fieldiana: Geology, vol. 21, 182 pp., 8 pis.,

53 text- figs. 1969b. Redescription of Ischadites koenigii North American Ordovician and Silurian das- Murchison, 1839. Fieldiana: Geology, vol. 16, are described as a no. 13, pp. 341-359, 15 text-figs., 1 table. ycladaceous cyclocrinitid algae basal receptaculitid stock. The following are de- Silurian Ischadites Murchison 1839 koenigii scribed, illustrated, and their synonymies given: from is described and illustrated as a das- England Anomaloides (= Anomalospongia), A. reticulatus Ischadites Murchison 1839 is ycladaceous alga. Ulrich 1878, Cyclocrinites (= Cyclocrinus, Lunu- described in the new tribe Receptaculiteae. lites, Cerionites, Pasceolus, Mastopora and Nidu-

lites), C. halli (Billings 1857), C. globosus (Billings 1 969c. Surficial of Field- pattern receptaculitids. 1857), C. gregarius (Billings 1866), C. welleri n. iana: vol. no. Geology, 16, 14, pp. 361-376, sp., C. dactioloides (Owen 1844), C. spasski Eich- 1 1 text-figs. wald 1840, C. darwini (Miller 1874), C. pyriformis (Bassler 1915), Cyclocrinites sp. and Lepidolites Receptaculitids, consisting of the tribes Cyclo- dickhauti Ulrich 1879. criniteae, Calathieae, and Receptaculiteae, are de- scribed. The following North American species are illustrated: Ordovician Cyclocrinites darwini (Mil- 1971a. Amphispongieae, a new tribe of Paleo- zoic Fieldiana: Geolo- ler), C. pyriformis (Bassler), C. spaskii Eichwald, dasycladaceous algae. Ischadites iowensis (Owen), and Anomaloides re- gy, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 1 1-22, 3 text-figs. ticulatus Ulrich; Silurian Calathium sp., Ischadites Amphispongia oblonga Salter 1861 is a Silurian ohioensis (Hall), /. koenigii Murchison, and Cy- problematic organism from Scotland originally clocrinites dactioloides (Owen). described as a sponge. It formed a base of the lyssakid family Amphispongiidae Rauff 1894. 1969d. Algal nature of calathiids. Abstracts of Finks' (1967) suggestion that it may be an alga is the Papers Presented at the 1 1 th International accepted, and Amphispongia is described as a das- Botanical Congress, August 24-September 2, ycladacean alga within the family Receptaculita- 1 969 and the International Wood Chemistry ceae Eichwald 1 860. A new tribe Amphispongieae Symposium, September 2-4, 1969. Seattle, comprising Amphispongia Salter 1861 and An- Washington. [International Botanical Con- omaloides Ulrich 1878 is erected. Amphispongia gress, Seattle, Washington], p. 159. is probably related to the Cambrian Pirania Wal- Lower Ordovician to Silurian calathids found cott 1920. in Asia, Europe, and North America, consisting of Calathium Billings 1865, Soanitidae Miagkova 1971b. Notes on the Siluro-Devonian Ischadites 1965, and certain species of Receptaculites De- stellatus (Fagerstrom, 1961), a dasyclada- shayes 1828, are dasycladaceous receptaculitids. ceous alga. Fieldiana: Geology, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 23-30, 3 text-figs. 1969e. Revision of North American cyclocri- Middle Devonian Ischadites stellatus (= Ehler- nitids. Geological Society of America, Special sospongia stellata Fagerstrom 1961) from Bruce Paper, no. 121, p. 667. County, Ontario, is described and illustrated as a This is identical to Nitecki, M. H., 1968b. dasycladaceous alga. Its stratigraphic range is ex- tended to the Silurian Niagaran. The ecology of

1970a. Redescription of Ischadites elrodi (S. A. Silurian receptaculitids and the position of gam- Miller, 1892), a Lower Devonian receptacu- etangia on /. stellatus are discussed.

136 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY 1971c. Algae are man's best friends. Field Mu- are represented by three tribes, four genera, and seum of Natural History Bulletin, vol. 42, twelve species. The tribe Cyclocriniteae is repre- no. 2, pp. 6-9, 6 text-figs. sented by Cyclocrinites dactioloides and C. gre- garius; Calathiae by Calathium egerodae n. sp.; Silurian Cyclocrinites dactioloides and Ordovi- and Receptaculiteae by Receptaculites and Is- cian Calathella anstedi are figured. chadites. Receptaculites is represented by R. sac- culus and Receptaculites sp., and Ischadites by /. 197 Id. Ischadites abbottae, a new North Amer- koenigii, I. stellatus, I. abbottae, I. hemisphericus, ican Silurian species (Dasycladales). Phyco- I. burntensis, I. subturbinatus, I. planoconvexus n. logia, vol. 10, nos. 2-3, pp. 263-275, 15 text- sp., /. prismaticus n. sp., and Ischadites (?) sp. figs. These taxa are illustrated.

Ischadites abbottae n. sp., a dasycladaceous alga from Silurian reefs in northeastern Illinois, south- 1972d. The paleogeographic significance of re- eastern Wisconsin, and southwestern Ohio, is de- ceptaculitids. International Geological Con- scribed and its stratigraphic position discussed. It gress, Twenty-Fourth Session, Canada, 1972. is closely related to /. koenigii Murchison and /. Section 7. Paleontology. International Geo- hemisphericus (Hall). The family Dasycladaceae is logical Congress, Montreal, Quebec, pp. 303- divided into four tribes: Amphispongieae, Cyclo- 309. criniteae, Calathieae, and Receptaculiteae. Rep- a within resentatives of each tribe are illustrated. Receptaculitaceae, family Dasyclada- les, inhabited warm, tropical, shallow seas, es- pecially reefs, and also muddy environments. Re- 1972a. The paleogeographic significance of re- ceptaculitids are found on all continents except ceptaculitids. International Geological Con- Antarctica, but are most common in North Amer- gress, Twenty-fourth Session, Canada, 1972. ica, Europe, and Australia. A few have been re- Abstracts. International Geological Congress, ported from the Arctic, Siberia, Afghanistan, Montreal, Quebec, p. 236. Manchuria, southeast Asia, West Africa, and This is an abstract of Nitecki, M. H., 1972d. South America. Receptaculitids range from Or- dovician to Permian, are most common in the 1972b. Gametangia of Silurian Ischadites hem- Ordovician, decline in the Devonian, and in the isphericus (Receptaculitaceae, Dasycladales). Carboniferous and Permian are known from single

Phycologia, vol. 1 1, no. 1, pp. 1-4, 2 text-figs. localities. Ordovician Cyclocrinites darwini (Mil- ler 1874) from Ohio is illustrated. The presence ofgametangia in the Silurian North American receptaculitid Ischadites hemisphericus See also: (Hall 1861) strengthens the argument in favor of Nitecki, M. H„ 1972a. the algal nature of Receptaculitaceae. The position ofgametangia is compared with possible positions 1976a. of in other receptaculitids and Pia's (1920) phylo- The systematic position cyclocrini- tids. Abstracts with So- genetic interpretation is now unacceptable. Programs. Geological ciety of America, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 500-501.

1972c. North American Silurian receptaculitid The cyclocrinitid and ischaditid similarities to algae. Fieldiana: Geology, vol. 28, 108 pp., the dasyclads warrant their assignment to the com- 45 text-figs., 1 table. plex of siphonous green algae. The differences be- tween necessitate The family Receptaculitaceae is a coherent group them, however, placing cyclo- ischaditids in a order from that possesses anatomical characters similar to crinitids and separate modern Dasycladales. The geographic and strati- Dasycladales. graphic distribution of Silurian receptaculitids is along the reef belt in a narrow zone from Iowa to 1976b. Position of sexual organs on a receptac- Newfoundland. The ecological distribution of most ulitid thallus. Botanical Society of America Silurian species is within the reef complex; a few Abstracts of Papers Presented at the Meetings species are found in the carbonate interreef facies of the Botanical Society of America at Tulane and a few in shaly rocks. University, New Orleans, May 30-June 4, The Silurian receptaculitids in North America 1976, p. 28.

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 137 Receptaculitid structures interpreted as repro- Ordovician Receptaculites camacho n. sp. from ductive organs are described. the San Juan Formation in Talacasto Gorge, San Juan Province, Argentina, is described and illus- 1976c. Ordovician Batophoreae (Dasycladales) trated. It is a probable ancestor of/?, oweni from from Fieldiana: vol. Michigan. Geology, 35, the Galena-Kimmswick (Caradocian) of North no. 5 4, pp. 29-40, text-figs. America. Devonian R. bolivianus from Bolivia is

Receptaculitids are siphonous green algae relat- mentioned. The paleoecology of Lower Ordovi- ed to Dasycladales but forming an order indepen- cian calathids in western Texas, Ordovician re- dent from them. Cyclocrinitids are also distinct ceptaculitids in the Appalachian region, and Or- from the dasyclads. / dovician R. oweni are discussed.

See also: Nitecki, Matthew 11.. and Markes E. Johnson Finney, S. C, and M. H. Nitecki, 1979a and 1978. Internal structures of dac- 1979b. Cyclocrinites tioloides, a receptaculitid alga from the Lower Fisher, D. C, and M. H. Nitecki, 1977 and Silurian of Iowa. Fieldiana: vol. 1978. Geology, 39, no. 1, pp. 1-15, 9 text-figs. Rigby, J. K., and M. H. Nitecki, 1968 and 1975. Cyclocrinites dactioloides, a receptaculitid alga Toomey, D. F., and M. H. Nitecki, 1979. from the Lower Silurian (Llandoverian) Hopkin- ton Dolomite in eastern Iowa and northwestern Nitecki, Matthew H., and Charles C. Dapples Illinois, is described and illustrated. It bridges the 1975. Silurian Ischadites tenuis n. sp. (receptac- gap between ischaditids and extant dasyclads. Cy- ulitids) from Indiana. Fieldiana: Geology, vol. clocrinites gregarius from the Silurian Gun River 35, no. 2, pp. 1 1-20, 8 text-figs. Formation on Anticosti Island, Quebec, and Is- chadites koenigii from the Silurian Racine Dolo- Ischadites tenuis n. sp. shows well-preserved head mite in Chicago are figured, and Cyclocrinites, C elements illustrated with scanning electron micro- spaskii, C darwini, C. pyriformis, and C welleri scope. These structures do not depart from the are discussed. general dasycladaceous pattern, but show that re- ceptaculitids are not sponges. Nitecki, Matthew II .. and Albert F. de Lapparent Nitecki, Matthew H., and Francoise Debrenne 1976. Upper Devonian Receptaculites chardini 1979. The nature of radiocyathids and their re- n. sp. from Central Afghanistan. Fieldiana: lationship to receptaculitids and archaeocy- Geology, vol. 35, no. 5, pp. 41-82, 37 text-

athids. Geobios, no. 12, fasc. 1, pp. 5-27, 5 figs., 1 table. pis. Upper Devonian, Frasnian Receptaculites char- Radiocyathids, previously considered aberrant dini n. sp. is described and illustrated from Central archaeocyathids or unknown organisms, are small Afghanistan; it may occur in adjoining regions of benthonic organisms found in the Lower Cam- Iran and Pakistan. It is a green alga of family Re- brian of Africa, Australia, and the Soviet Union. ceptaculitaceae Eichwald 1860 and order Recep- Their anatomy implies a close relationship of ar- taculitales Sushkin 1962. Receptaculites chardini chaeocyathids to receptaculitids. Receptaculitids is compared with R. neptuni (Defrance 1827) and are described and compared with radiocyathids, with modern Siphonales. archaeocyathids, sponges, and green algae. Or- dovician Ischadites iowensis (Owen 1852), Recep- Nitecki, Matthew II.. and Donald Francis Toomey taculites oweni Hall 1861 from Illinois and Wis- 1979a. The nature and distribution of calathid consin, Calathella sp. from Nevada, and Cambrian algae; p. 132. In Deuxieme Symposium In- Radiocyathus minor (Bedford & Bedford 1934) ternational sur les Algues Fossiles. Paris, Avril from Australia are figured and described. 1979. Resumes. Universite Pierre-et-Marie- Nitecki, Matthew H., and Gerald G. Forney Curie, Paris, 159 pp.

1 978. Ordovician Receptaculites camacho n. sp. The geographic and stratigraphic distribution of from Argentina. Fieldiana: Geology, vol. 37, calathids is given. Calathium Billings 1865 and no. 5, pp. 93-1 10, 4 text-figs., 1 table. Soanites Miagkova 1965 are mentioned.

138 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY 1979b. Nature and classification of receptacu- Norford, B. S. litids. In Oertli, H. J. (ed.), Deuxieme Sym- 1 962. The Silurian fauna of the Sandpile Group posium International sur les Algues Fossiles. ofnorthern British Columbia. Geological Sur- Bulletin des Centres de Recherches Explora- vey of Canada Bulletin 78, 51 pp., 16 pis., 4 tion-Production Elf-Aquitaine, vol. 3, no. 2, text- figs., 1 table. pp. 725-732. Receptaculites sp. is listed from the late Early If were animals, could receptaculitids they only or early Middle Silurian Sandpile Group in north- have been members of Parazoa. However, their ern British Columbia (p. 7). anatomy, polar growth, presence or absence of and the interpretation of their pos- body openings, 1966. Ordovician stratigraphic section at Daly sible mode of life are consistent with mor- algal River, northeast Ellesmere Island, District of Whether which phology. archaeocyathids, appear Franklin. Geological Survey ofCanada, Paper related, were also is still unresolved. Recep- algae 66-55, 12 pp., 2 text-figs. taculitids are a class of green algae that ranged is listed from the Ordovician throughout the Paleozoic. The class consists of Receptaculites Caradoc on Ellesmere Island 1 three orders and ten families, and includes the (pp. 4, 1-12). Cambrian radiocyathids and certain Lower Paleo- 1969. Ordovician and Silurian of zoic cyclocrinitids which were previously consid- stratigraphy the southern Mountains. ered dasyclads. The following classification of re- Rocky Geological ofCanada Bulletin 1 90 1 9 ceptaculitids is proposed: Survey 76, pp., pis., 16 text-figs.

Division (phylum) Chlorophyta Receptaculites is listed from the lower Middle Class Receptaculitaphyceae Weiss 1954 Ordovician Skoki Formation in the southern Ca- Order Receptaculitales James 1885 nadian Rocky Mountains (pp. 21, 38, 60). Family Receptaculitaceae Eichwald 1860 See also: Family Sphaerospongiaceae Rietschel 1 969 Family Tetragoneceae Rietschel 1969 Aitken, J. D., W. H. Fritz, and B. S. Norford, Family Soanitaceae Miagkova 1965 1972. Order Radiocyatales Debrenne, Termier & Termier 1971 Norford, B. S., Thomas E. Bolton, M. J. Copeland,

\ I . Family Radiocyataceae Okulitch 1955 L. dimming, and G. Winston Sinclair Family Uranosphaeraceae Bedford & Bed- 1970. Ordovician and Silurian faunas; pp. 601- ford 1936 613, pis. 4-8, text-figs. 11-1, 2 tables. In Family Girvanovellaceae Debrenne, Ter- Douglas, R. J. W. (ed.), Geology and Eco- mier & Termier 1971 nomic Minerals ofCanada. Geological Survey Order Cyclocrinitales nov. ord. 1 of Canada, Economic Geology Report no. , Family Cyclocrinitaceae nov. fam. 838 pp. Family Pasceolaceae Miller 1 889 Family Amphispongiaceae nov. fam. The sponge Receptaculites is listed from the Or- dovician Wilderness-age Chaumont and Rockland Formations and their equivalents in eastern Can- Nolan, Thomas B., Charles W. Merriam, and ada and from the Anomalorthis brachiopod zone James Steele Williams of western and northern Canada (pp. 602, 604). Receptaculites occidentalis Salter from the Wil- 1956. The stratigraphic section in the vicinity derness in Ontario is of Eureka, Nevada. United States Geological Stage figured (pi. 4, fig. 4). Survey Professional Paper 276, 77 pp., 2 pis., Norris, A. W. 2 text-figs.

1963a. Devonian stratigraphy of northeastern A zone of abundant R. Receptaculites, including Alberta and northwestern Saskatchewan. mammillaris and R. elongatus, occurs in the Or- Geological Survey of Canada Memoir 313, dovician Antelope Valley Limestone of the Po- 168 pp., 12 text-figs. gonip Group near Eureka, Nevada (pp. 25, 29). The genus ranges to the Middle Devonian. Sphaerospongia tessellata (Phillips) is diagnos-

NITECKJ ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 139 tic of the Middle Devonian Methy Formation of The Middle Devonian of the northern Yukon the Elk Point Group on the Clearwater River in and northwestern District of MacKenzie, Canada, northeastern Alberta and northwestern Saskatch- contains Sphaerospongia sp. in the Hume For- ewan (pp. 1 7, 20, fig. 5). mation and Receptaculites sp. in the Michelle, Ogilvie, and Hume Formations (pp. 7-8, 112, 114,

1 963b. Northwest coast of Baffin Island between 116-117, 126, 128, 169). Fort Bowen and Sargent Point; pp. 150-155, columnar sects. 14-16. In Fortier, Yves Os- 1967b. Northern Yukon Territory and adjacent car, and others, Geology of the north-central district of MacKenzie; pp. 753-780, 1 1 text- part of the Arctic Archipelago, Northwest figs. In Oswald, D. H. (ed.), International Territories (Operation Franklin). Geological Symposium on the Devonian System. Cal- Survey of Canada Memoir 320, 67 1 pp. gary, 1967. Volume 1. Alberta Society of Pe- troleum Geologists, Calgary, Alberta, 1055 pp. Receptaculites (?) is listed from the Upper Si- lurian Read Bay Formation on Baffin Island (p. Receptaculites sp. is listed from the Middle De-

1 54, columnar sect. 1 5). vonian, Eifelian Ogilvie Formation in the District of MacKenzie, Canada (p. 773).

1963c. Upper Vendom Fiord; pp. 338-354, text-

1 1 1 968. Reconnaissance Devonian of figs. 9-2 , columnar sects. 33-35. In Fortier, stratigraphy Yves Oscar, and others, Geology of the north- northern Yukon Territory and northwestern District of central part of the Arctic Archipelago, North- MacKenzie. Geological Survey of 17 9 west Territories (Operation Franklin). Geo- Canada Paper 67-53, 287 pp., pis., text- logical Survey of Canada Memoir 320, 671 figs. pp. Receptaculites sp. occurs in the Lower to lower Middle Devonian Michelle Formation and in beds Receptaculites sp. is listed from the Ordovician Cornwallis Formation on southern Ellesmere Is- very low in the Middle Devonian Ogilvie For- mation. and land (pp. 342-343, columnar sects. 33, 35). Receptaculites sp. Sphaerospongia sp. are found in the upper Middle Devonian Hume Formation (pp. 17, 31, 34, 48, 91, 168-169). All 1965a. Devonian biostratigraphy of Lake Man- are from the northern Yukon Territory and north- itoba-Lake Winnipegosis area; p. 99. In Jen- western District of MacKenzie. ness, S. E., Report of Activities: Field, 1964.

1 Geological Survey of Canada Paper 65- , 166 A. and T. T. pp. Norris, W., Uyeno

1971. Stratigraphy and concodont faunas of De- Sphaerospongia sp. occurs in the Devonian vonian outcrop belts, Manitoba; pp. 209-223, Winnipegosis Formation of Manitoba, Canada (p. 3 pis., 4 In Turnock, A. C. (ed.), 99). text-figs. Geoscience studies in Manitoba. Geological Association of Canada, Special Paper, no. 9, 1965b. Stratigraphy of Middle Devonian and 352 pp. older Palaeozoic rocks of the Great Slave Lake

region, Northwest Territories. Geological Sphaerospongia tessellata (Phillips) is listed from Survey of Canada Memoir 322, 180 pp., 9 the Middle Devonian Winnipegosis Formation text-figs., tables. near Lakes Winnipegosis and Manitoba in Man-

itoba, Canada (p. 2 1 3). The Middle Ordovician along the shores ofGreat Slave Lake contains Ischadites sp. in the La Martre North, Frank Kenneth, and Gerald Gordon Lewis Falls Formation and Ischadites"? sp. in the La Henderson Martre Falls and Chedabucto Lake Formations (pp. 20, 26, 109). 1954. Summary of the geology of the Southern Rocky Mountains of Canada, a review of the 1967a. Descriptions of Devonian sections in structure and Palaeozoic stratigraphy of Ca- northern Yukon Territory and northwestern nadian Rocky Mountains between latitudes District of MacKenzie. Geological Survey of 49° 30' and 52° 30'. Guide Book. Fourth An- Canada Paper 66-39, 298 pp. nual Field Conference. Alberta Society of Pe-

140 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY troleum Geologists. Banff-Golden-Radium 1961b. Valmeyer Area. Monroe and St. Clair [Alberta-British Columbia]. August 26-28, Counties. Kimmswick, Waterloo, and New 1954. Alberta Society of Petroleum Geolo- Athens Quadrangles. Guide Leaflet 196 1 F. Il- gists, Calgary, Alberta, pp. 15-81, 1 text-fig., linois State Geological Survey, Geological

1 table. Science Field Trip, 1 1 pp., 2 pis., 4 maps, 2 tables. Calathium (?) sp. and Receptaculites (?) sp. are reported from the Ordovician Sarbach Formation The sponge Receptaculites oweni is listed from in the Clearwater region of Alberta. the Ordovician Kimmswick Limestone (p. 3).

I. M. Oakley, Kenneth P., and Helen M. Muir-Wood Odom, Edgar, George Wilson, Guy Dow, Thomas C. Buschbach, William C. Smith, and 1948. The Succession of Life Through Geolog- Paul B. Du Montelle ical Time. British Museum (Natural History) 1964. Rochelle Area. Ogle and Lee Counties. Press, London, 92 pp., 12 pis., 4 maps, text- Amboy, Mendota, Rochelle, DeKalb, and figs. Dixon Quadrangles. Guide Leaflet 1 964C. Il- Ordovician Receptaculites is listed as a sponge linois State Geological Survey, Geological (P. ID- Science Field Trip, 14 pp., plates, text-figs., maps, and appendix. Odom, I. Edgar Ordovician Receptaculites [oweni] and Ischa- See: dites [iowensis] are figured.

Wilson, G. M., and I. E. Odom, 1960. Odom, I. Edgar, George M. Wilson, Guy Dow, John and Grover Emrich Odom, I. Edgar, and George M. Wilson Kempton, 1963. Belvidere Area. Boone, Winnebago, and 1962. Amboy Area. Lee County. Amboy, Men- Counties. Belvidere, Rockford, dota, Rochelle, and Dixon Quadrangles. Guide McHenry Kings, Kirkland, Genoa, and Harvard Quad- Leaflet 1962D. Illinois State Geological Sur- rangles. Guide Leaflet 1963C. Illinois State vey, Geological Science Field Trip, 1 5 pp., 3 Geological Survey, Geological Science Field text-figs., maps, charts and pis. Trip, 1 1 pp., 2 pis., 4 maps, 2 tables. Ordovician Receptaculites [oweni] and Ischa- Receptaculites oweni from the Ordovician Ga- dites [iowensis] are figured (unnumbered pi.). lena Group is listed as a sponge (p. 6).

1963. Savanna Area. Carroll County. Savanna Oepik, A. Quadrangle. Guide Leaflet 1963D. Illinois

State Geological Survey, Geological Science 1925. Beitraege zur Kenntnis der Kukruse-(C 2 -) Field Trip, 15 pp., maps and charts. Stufe in Eesti. I. Acta et Commentationes Universitatis Dorpatensis, vol. A8, no. 5, pp. Ordovician Ischadites [iowensis] and Receptac- 1-20, 2 pis. ulites [oweni] from Illinois are figured (unnum- Ordovician kohtlense Bekker bered pi.). Coelosphaeridium in the Kukruse beds of Estonia is an alga attached to the bottom in the photic zone (p. 8). Odom, I. Edgar, George M. Wilson, and Guy Dow

1961a. Lena Area. and Daviess 1 Stephenson Jo 926. Beitraege zur Kenntnis der Kukruse-(C 2 -) Counties. Lena, Elizabeth, and Galena Quad- Stufe in Eesti. I. Tartu Uelikooli Geoloogia— rangles. Guide Leaflet 196 ID. Illinois State Instituudi Toimetused (Publications of the Geological Survey, Geological Science Field Geological Institution of the University of Trip, 15 pp., 2 pis., 4 maps, 2 tables. Tartu), vol. 4, pp. 1-20.

The sponge Receptaculites oweni forms promi- This is identical to Oepik, A., 1925. nent zones in the Prosser and Stewartville Members of the Ordovician Galena Formation in northern 1927a. Die Inseln Odensholm und Rogoe. Ein Illinois (p. 4). Beitrag zur Geologie von NW-Estland. Acta

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 141 et Commentationes Universitatis Dorpaten- Society of America Special Paper, no. 48, pp.

sis, vol. A 12, no. 2, pp. 1-70, 1 pi., numerous 1-112, 18 pis., 19 text-figs.

text-figs, and maps. New subclass Uranocyatha with order Urano- Ordovician Coelosphaeridium sp. from Ku- sphaerina Bedford, family Uranosphaeridae Bed- kruse, and Cyclocrinus spasskii probably from ford, and Uranosphaera Bedford; and order He- Johvi or Rakvere are listed from Estonian islands tairacyathina Okulitch, family Hetairacyathidae (pp. 31, 33). Bedford, and Hetairacyathus (Bedford 1934) are described as pleosponges (pp. 47-50).

1927b. Beitraege zur Kenntnis der Kukruse-(C2-) Stufe in Eesti. II. Acta et Commentationes 1955. Archaeocyatha; pp. 1-20. In Moore, Ray- Universitatis Dorpatensis, vol. A 12, no. 3, mond C. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Pa- pp. 1-35, 6 pis. laeontology. Part E. Archaeocyatha and Po- rifera. The Geological Society of America and Ordovician Coelosphaeridium kohtlense Bekker the University of Kansas Press, pp. 1-20, 13 occurs in the Kukruse section in Estonia (pp. 10, figs. 18). Lower Cambrian order Hetairacyathida Oku- Okla, Saleh M. litch 1943, family Radiocyathidae Okulitch 1937, and Okulitch 1937 are described, See: Radiocyathus and R. minor (Bedford and Bedford) is figured, as Shaver, R. H., and others, 1978. aberrant archaeocyathids from Australia (p. 18,

fig. 13-2). Okulitch, Vladimir J.

1935. Tetradidae— a revision of the genus Tet- See also: Transactions of the of radium. Royal Society Raymond, P. E., and V. J. Okulitch, 1940. Canada, 3rd ser., vol. 29, sect. 4, pp. 49-74, 2 4 pis., text-figs. Oliveira, Michael E. Dana's view that the Ordovician Tetra- (1846) 1975. Geology of the Fish Springs mining dis- dium from North America is close to Receptacu- trict, Fish Springs Range, Utah. Brigham lites is untenable (pp. 51, 68). Young University. Geology Studies, vol. 22,

part 1, pp. 69-104, 1 pi., 10 text-figs., 1 table. 1937a. Changes in nomenclature of Archaeo- Calathium occurs in the Lower Ordovician Fill- cyathi (Cyathospongia). Proceedings of the more Limestone in the Fish of Geological Society of America for 1936, p. Springs Range 358. Utah (p. 73).

This is an abstract of V. 1937b. Okulitch, J., OUerenshaw, N. C, and R. W. MacQueen

1937b. Some changes in nomenclature of Ar- 1960. Ordovician and Silurian of the Lake Ti- chaeocyathi (Cyathospongia). Journal of Pa- miskaming area. Proceedings of the Geolog- ical Association of vol. 105- leontology, vol. 1 1, no. 3, pp. 251-252. Canada, 12, pp. 115, 1 text-fig., 3 tables. The preoccupied name of pleosponge Hetero- cyathus (Heterocyathidae) Bedford is replaced with The sponge Receptaculites sp. (probably R. ow- Radiocyathus. eni Hall) occurs in the Middle or Upper Ordovi- cian Liskeard Formation in the Timiskaming out- lier in the River Silliman's 1 939. The Ordovician section at Coboconk, On- and Red Formation, tario. Transactions of the Royal Canadian In- Fossil Mount, the Nelson River Limestone, and stitute, vol. 22, part 2, pp. 319-339. the Stewartville Formation (p. 106).

Receptaculites occidentalis is present in the up- Olson, Everett C. per Coboconk Formation of the Ordovician Tren- ton Group in Ontario (pp. 335, 337-338). 1965. Fossil: Encyclopaedia Brittanica. Volume 9. Encyclopaedia Brittanica, Inc., Chicago, Il- 1943. North American Pleospongia. Geological linois, pp. 649-651, 5 text-figs.

142 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Receptaculites sp. from Illinois is illustrated as Osgood, Richard G., Jr., and Alfred G. Fischer a sponge. 1960. Structure and preservation of Mastopora pyriformis, an Ordovician dasycladacean alga. Opitz, Rudolf Journal of Palaeontology, vol. 34, no. 5, pp. 1932. Bilder aus der Erdgeschichte des Nahe- 896-902, pis. 1 17-1 18, 2 text-figs. Huensrueck-Landes Birkenfeld. Leipzig, 224 Mastopora (= Nidulites) pyriformis (Bassler), a pp., 170 text-figs. close relative of Cyclocrinus Eichwald, is described A Lower Devonian holothurian (?) is described and figured as an Ordovician dasycladacean alga and illustrated from the Huensrueck Shale in Bun- from the Chambersburg Limestone of Virginia. denbach, Germany (pp. 114-117, text-figs. 112- The central vesicle and supposed gametocysts are 1 13). [This is a receptaculitid— see Seilacher, 1961a figured. Mastopora, M. concava, M. favosa, Nid- and 1961b.] ulites, N. favus, and Pasceolus are mentioned.

Oraspold, A. L., and Arvo K. Ruumusoks (Roo- Ostrom, Meredith E. musoks] 1967. Paleozoic stratigraphic nomenclature for 1956. O vasalemmaskon gorizonte (D,„) v es- Wisconsin. Wisconsin Geological and Natu- tonskoi SSR i v leningradskoi oblasti. Vasa- ral History Survey Information Circular, no.

lemma lademest (D,„) Eesti NVS-S ja lenin- 8, 4 pp., 1 pi. gradi oblastis. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Receptaculites occurs in the Middle Ordovician Juures Loodusuurijate Seltsi Aastaraamat. Galena Formation of Wisconsin. Vol. 49, pp. 295-310.

The Ordovician Cyclocrinites sp. from D, and Ostrom, Meredith I •".. Richard A. Davis, Jr., and D„ of Estonia and from the correlatives of the Lewis M. Cline Johvi and Keila beds of Leningrad district, and 1970. Field trip guidebook for Cambrian-Or- Mastopora sp. from Keila to Vasalemma of Len- dovician geology of western Wisconsin. Wis- ingrad district are listed (p. 297). consin Geological and Natural History Sur- vey Information Circular, no. 11, 131 pp., 1 Orbigny, Alcide d' pi., 33 text-figs., 1 table. 1849 [1850]. Prodrome de Paleontologie Stra- Receptaculites occurs in the Middle Ordovician tigraphique Universelle des Animaux Mol- Galena Formation of Wisconsin (p. 7, text-fig. 4). lusques et Rayonnes Faisant Suite au Course Elementaire de Paleontologie et de Geologie Owen, David Dale Stratigraphiques. Tome 1. Victor Masson, Paris, 394 pp. 1840. Report of a geological exploration of part of Iowa, Wisconsin, and Illinois, made under The amorphozoan Palaeospongia d'Orb. 1848 = instructions from the Secretary of the Trea- is described; P. cyathiformis d'Orb. 1 848 Pontes sury of the United States, in the autumn of [sic] cyathiformis Hall 1 847, Echinosphaerites tes- the year 1839; pp. 9-161. In Message of the sellatus from Russia and Great Britain are listed President of the United States Concerning the as Devonian crinoids (pp. 26, 102). Mineral Lands of the United States. U.S. 26th Congress, 1st Session, House Executive Doc- Orviku, K. ument no. 239. Government Printing Office, See: Washington, D.C. Aaloe, A., E. Mark, R. M. Maennil, K. Coscinopora sp. is listed from Iowa, Wisconsin, Mueuerisepp, and K. Orviku, 1960. and Illinois (p. 67).

Osadchaja, D. V. See also: See: Owen, D. D., 1844 and 1845. Zhuravleva, I. T., N. M. Zadorozhnaja, D. V.

Osadchaja, N. V. Pokrovskaja, N. M. Ro- 1 844. Report of a geological exploration of part dionova, and V. D. Fonin, 1967. of Iowa, Wisconsin, and Illinois, and made

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 143 under instructions from the Secretary of the same as the coral characteristic of the lower beds Treasury of the United States, in the autumn of the Upper Magnesian Limestone of Wisconsin of the year 1839; with Charts and Illustra- (p. 181). tions; pp. 1 1-191. In U.S. 28th Congress, 1st Session, Senate Executive Document no. 407. 1852b. Illustrations of the Geological Report of Government Printing Office, Washington, Wisconsin, Iowa, and Minnesota. Lippincott,

D.C., 191 pp., numerous plates and maps. Grambo & Co., Philadelphia, 15 pis., maps and sections. Lunulites (?) dactioloides n. sp. and Orbitulites

(?) reticulata n. sp. from Iowa are described and Figure of Selenoides iowensis n. sp. (pi. 2B, fig. illustrated (pp. 69-70; pi. 13, fig. 4; pi. 18, fig. 7). 13) is identical to Owen, D. D., 1852a. Orbitulites reticulata resembles Ischadites koeni- gii. Coscinopora sulcata Goldfuss from the [Or- Paeckelmann, Werner dovician] lead-bearing beds is illustrated as a cor- 1913. Das Oberdevon des Bergischen Landes. alline (pp. 40, 67; pi. 7, fig. 5). Abhandlungen der Koeniglich Preussischen Geologischen Landesanstalt, Neue Folge, See also: Berlin, Heft 70, 356 pp., 4 text-figs., 5 tables. Owen, D. D., 1840 and 1845. Upper Devonian Receptaculites neptuni De- 1845. Report of a geological exploration of part france from the Dorper Kalk in Knoppertsbusch of Iowa, Wisconsin, and Illinois made under is described as a sponge (?) (pp. 49, 350). instructions from the Secretary of the Trea- sury of the United States, in the autumn of Paige, Sidney the year 1839. Mineral Lands of the United 1916. Description ofthe Silver City Quadrangle. States; pp. 9-161, plates, maps. In Message United States Geological Survey, Geological from the President of the United States in Atlas, Silver City Folio, New Mexico, no. 1 99, reply to a resolution of the House of Repre- 19 pp., 13 pis., 17 text-figs., 3 maps. sentatives of the 6th of February last [1839], concerning the mineral lands of the United Calathium anstedi is listed from the Lower Or- States. U.S. 28th Congress, 2nd Session, House dovician El Paso Limestone in the Silver City Executive Document no. 168, Government Quadrangle of New Mexico. Printing Office, Washington, D.C. Pajchlowa, Maria The text is identical to Owen, 1840. Plates of Lunulites dactioloides, Orbitulites reticulata, and 1972. Fauna of the Devonian; pp. 71-117. In Coscinopora sulcata are identical to Owen, 1 844 Czerminski, Jan, and Maria Pajchlowa (eds.),

(pi. 13, fig. 4; pi. 18, fig. 7; pi. 7, fig. 5). Geology of Poland. Volume 2. Catalogue of Fossils. Part 1. Palaeozoic. Wydawnictwa 1852a. Report of a Geological Survey of Wis- Geologiczne, Warszawa, 292 pp. consin, Iowa and Minnesota; and Incidentally The sponge Receptaculites neptuni Defrance is of a Portion of Nebraska Territory. Made listed from the Devonian of Poland. Under Instructions from the United States Treasury Department. Lippincott, Grambo & Palmer, Allison Ralph Co., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 638 pp., 39 pis., numerous text-figs., and maps. See: Barnes, V. E., P. E. Cloud, Jr., L. P. Dixon, [Ordovician] Selenoides n. gen. (?) and iowensis R. L. Folk, E. C. Jones, A. R. Palmer, and n. are described and as foraminifers sp. figured E.J.Tynan, 1959. from the Upper Magnesian at Turkey River, Iowa Cloud, P. E., Jr., and A. R. Palmer, 1959. (pp. 586-589; pi. 2B, fig. 13). Coscinopora sulcata is found in the Magnesian Limestone of the Du- Pampeyan, E. H. buque and Mineral Point districts of Iowa and Wisconsin and the [Ordovician] Red River Lime- See: stone near Lower Fort Garry, Manitoba (pp. 41, Longwell, C. R., E. H. Pampeyan, B. Bowyer, 181, 633). The Coscinopora from Manitoba is the and R.J. Roberts, 1965.

144 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Parona, Carlo Fabrizio Receptaculida from around the Baltic area are described as calcareous sponges of phylum Coe- 1933. Le spugne della fauna Permiana di Pa- lenterata [sic]. Receptaculites, R. orbis, R. neptuni, lazzo Adriano (Bacino del Sosio) in Sicilia. Ischadites murchisoni, and Sphaerospongia tesel- Memorie della Sociela Geologica Italiana, vol. lata are described. Receptaculites orbis and R. nep- 1, pp. 1-58, 12 pis., 7 text-figs. tuni are figured (pp. 50-51, figs. 53A-B). Sphaerospongia permotessellata n. sp. from the Permian of Pietra di Salomone is described and Payne, J. Norman illustrated and is placed tentatively among lyssa- cine sponges. The new species is compared with See:

Sphaerospongia tessellata (Phillips) and Scyphia Willman, H. B., and J. N. Payne, 1 942, 1 943a, cornucopia Goldfuss (pp. 28-30; pi. 1, figs. 9-11). and 1943b.

Patrunky, H. Peach, Benjamin Neeve 1909. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Receptaculiten. Zeitschrift. Naturwissenschaftliche Abtei- 1907. Palaeontology of the Cambrian System in the North-west 372-387. In lung. Deutsche Gesellschaft fuer Kunst und Highlands; pp. Archibald The Struc- Wissenschaft der Provinz Posen, Band 16, Geikie, (ed.), Geological ture of the North-West of Scot- Heft 1-5, pp. 69-74. Highlands land. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of Receptaculites orbis Eichwald and Receptacu- Great Britain [no number]. Published by or- lites n. sp. [R. cassidiformis Patrunky 1927] from der of the Lords Commissioners of His Maj- a glacial erratic of Ordovician Orthocerenkalk esty's Treasury, Glasgow, 668 pp., 52 pis., 66 (which also contains Cyclocrinus spaskii) are de- figs., 1 map. scribed. The siliceous sponge Calathium is found in the 1927. Die Geschiebe der silurischen Orthocer- Calciferous of Newfoundland and Canada and in en-Kalke. II. Palaeontologischer Teil. Algen. the two uppermost Cambrian [Ordovician] Zeitschrift fur Band Geschiebeforschung, 3, Croisaphuill groups in the North-west Highlands Heft 1 1 4, pp. 192-196, pi. 1, text-fig. (pp. 380-381). Receptaculites bronni Eichwald and R. orbis Eichwald are described; R. cassidiformis n. sp. (= See also: Receptaculites n. sp. Patrunky 1909) and R. po- Peach, B. N., J. Home, W. Gunn, C. T. Clough, cillum n. sp. are described and figured from Or- L. W. Hinxman, and J. J. H. Teall, 1907. dovician glacial erratics in northern Germany. Peach, Benjamin Neeve, and John Home Paull. Rachel Krebs, and Richard A. Paull

1899. The Silurian rocks of Britain. Volume 1. 1977. Geology of Wisconsin and Upper Mich- Scotland. Memoirs of the igan, Including Parts of Adjacent States. Ken- Geological Survey of United Published for H.M. Sta- dall/Hunt Publishing Co., Dubuque, Iowa, 232 Kingdom. Office J. Hedderwick and Sons, pp., numerous illus. tionery by Glasgow, 749 pp., 27 pis., 121 text-figs., 3 The Receptaculites common in the spongelike maps. Middle Ordovician Galena Dolomite in Wiscon- sin may be a colonial alga (pp. 46, 177-178, 183, The rhizopods Cyclocrinus sp. from the Cara- fig. 7-4). doc, and Nidulites favus from the Llandeilo, Car- adoc, and Llandovery; the sponges Amphispongia Richard A. Paull, oblonga from the Wenlock-Ludlow, Ischadites an- See; tiquus from the Llandovery, /. koenigi from the Paull, R. K., and R. A. Paull, 1977. Llandovery, Llandeilo, Wenlock-Ludlow, and Caradoc, and Ischadites sp. from the Caradoc and V. Pavlova, M. Llandovery are listed from Scotland (pp. 509-5 10,

1927. Paleozoologia. Chast pervaja. Bezpoz- 543, 667-668, 686, 698, 700, 708). vonochnye. Gosudarstvennoe Izdatelstvo.

Moskva, Leningrad, 316 pp., 577 figs. 1 930. Chapters on the Geology of Scotland. Ox-

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 145 ford University Press, London, 232 pp., 18 Report of activities, 1973. Gronlands Geo- pis., 27 text-figs. logiske Undersogelse, Rapport 65, pp. 18-23, text-fig. 3. Four species of the sponge Calathium occur in the Cambrian [Ordovician] Durness Limestone in Receptaculites occurs in the Ordovician Wandel in the Balnakiel and Croisaphuill Group Scotland Valley Limestone in North Greenland (p. 20). (P- 96).

Peel, John S., and John M. Hurst Peach, Benjamin Neeve, John Home, William 1980. Late Ordovician stra- Gunn, C. T. Clough, L. W. Hinxman, and J. and early Silurian J. H. Teall tigraphy of Washington Land, western North Greenland. Gronlands Geologiske Underso-

1907. Appendix A. Palaeontological; pp. 626- gelse, Rapport 100, pp. 18-24, figs. 4-5. 634. In Geikie, Archibald (ed.), The Geolog- Abundant Receptaculites are found in the Or- ical Structure of the North-West Highlands of dovician Troedsson Cliff Formation (previously Scotland. Memoirs of the Geological Survey Receptaculites Limestone, p. 20) in Washington of Great Britain [no number]. Published by Land, western North Greenland (p. 22). order of the Lords Commissioners of His

Majesty's Treasury, Glasgow, 668 pp., 52 pis., Pelman, Y. L. 66 figs., 1 map. See: The following Cambrian [Ordovician] fossils Zhuravleva, I. T., N. P. V. A. Lu- from above the Olenellus zone in the Northwest Meshkova, chinina, and Y. L. Pelman, 1979. Highlands of Scotland are listed (p. 629): Cala-

thium (Receptaculites) anstedti [sic] Billings from Peneau, Joseph the Balnakiel Group and the Skye; C. (R.) calci- ferum Billings and C. (R.) elegantulum Billings from 1929. Etudes stratigraphiques et paleontoloques the Skye and Calciferous (Mingan Island, Canada); dans le Sud-Est du Massif Armoricain (syn- C. (R.) pannosum Billings from the Skye and the clinal de Saint-Julien-de Vouvantes). Bulletin Quebec Group (Point Levis, Canada); and C. (R.) de la Societe des Sciences Naturelles de l'Ouest

sp. from the Balnakiel and Croisaphuill Groups de la France, 4e ser., tome 8, pp. 1-300, 24

and the Skye. pis.

See also: Receptaculites neptuni is found in the Upper at cen- Peach, B. N., 1907. Devonian d'Angers (Maine-et Loire), west tral France (p. 103). Peck, Joseph H., Jr., and Herdis B. McFarland Pengelly, William 1954. Whitfield collection types at the Univer- sity of California. Journal of Palaeontology, 1861. On the Devonian age of the world. Ge- vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 297-309, pi. 29. ologist, vol. 4, pp. 322-347, pis. 5-8.

Holotypes of the sponges Receptaculites devon- Sphaerospongia tesselatus from Devonian lime- icus Whitfield from the Devonian Hel- Upper stones near Torquay and Newton is described and near and JR. derberg Group Columbus, Ohio, figured as a coral (?) (pp. 340-341, pi. 5). ohioensis Hall and Whitfield from the Silurian Ni- of Yellow are housed agara Group Springs, Ohio, Percival, James Gates at the University of California (pp. 299-300). Type 1855. Annual on the Geological Survey specimens of Cerionites dactyloides Owen and R. Report of the State of Wisconsin. [D. Atwood, print- hemisphericus Hall, whose repository was to be er?], Madison, Wisconsin, 101 pp., 1 map. the University of California (Whitfield, 1 899), were never received (p. 298). [Ordovician] Coscinopora is found in the Upper Magnesian Limestone of Wisconsin (p. 1 3). Peel, John S., Peter R. Dawes, and Johannes C. Troelsen 1856. [Second] Annual Report of the Geological 1974. Notes on some Lower Palaeozoic to Ter- Survey ofthe State ofWisconsin. [D. Atwood, tiary faunas from eastern North Greenland. printer?], Madison, Wisconsin, 1 1 1 pp.

146 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY The [Ordovician] Coscinopora is characteristic Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien. of the Upper Magnesian Limestone of Wisconsin Wien, Abhandlungen, Band 11, Teil 2, 263 (pp. 72, 75-76). pp., 8 pis., 27 text-figs., tables.

The branches of dasycladaceous Coelosphaerid- Perdue, M. J. ium and Cyclocrinus are of the phloiophore type. See: Coelosphaeridium, Cyclocrinus, Apidium, and

Grant, U. S., and M. J. Perdue, 1908. Mastopora are Silurian [Ordovician to Silurian] forms that gave rise only to the Upper Carbonif- Petersen, Morris S., and J. Keith Rigby erous Mizzia.

1970. Interpreting Earth History. A Manual in 1922 [1923]. Einige Ergebnisse neuerer Unter- Historical Geology. William C. Brown Co., suchungen ueber die Geschichte der Sipho- Iowa, 185 illus., tables. Dubuque, pp., neae verticillatae. Zeitschrift fuer Inductive Middle Ordovician to Devonian and Pennsyl- Abstammungs- und Vererbungslehre, Berlin, Nrs. 1. vanian Receptaculites is figured (p. 100). Band 30, 1-2, pp. 63-98, pi.

The following Lower Silurian [Ordovician] Cy- Petryk, Allen A. clocrineae are figured as dasyclads: Coelosphae- 1967. Some Silurian stromatoporoids from ridium, Cyclocrinus, Apidium, Mastopora. Perm- ian Mizzia and are descendants northwestern Baffin Island, District of Frank- Epimastopora of and lin. Geological Survey of Canada Paper 67-7, Coelosphaeridium Mastopora (pp. 64-66). 5 1 pp., 4 pis., 2 text-figs. 1926. Pflanzen als Gesteinsbildner. Gebrueder Receptaculites cf. arcticus Etheridge and Recep- Borntraeger, Berlin, 355 pp., 166 text-figs. taculites sp. are found in two Arctic Ordovician an Ordovician faunas (early Late Ordovician and slightly older) Cyclocrinus, dasycladaceous alga, is described. from of the Brodeur Group, northwestern Baffin Island Cyclocrinus porosus Stolley [Or- Silurian erratics in north- (P. 8). dovician?] Upper glacial ern Germany is illustrated (fig. 44). Pettyjohn, Wayne A. 1927. Thallophyta; pp. 31-136, text-figs. 14- See: 129, tables. In Hirmer, Max (ed.), Handbuch R. F. C. and W. A. Pet- Hansman, H., Shaw, der Palaeobotanik. Band I. Thallophyta, tyjohn, 1962. Bryophyta, Pteridophyta. Oldenbourg, Muenchen and Berlin. Phillips, John The following are described: Tribe Cyclocri- 1 84 1 . Figures and Descriptions of the Palaeo- neae, Subtribe Cyclocrininae, Coelosphaeridium zoic Fossils of Cornwall, Devon, and West Roemer, Cyclocrinus Eichwald (= Pasceolus Bil- = Somerset; Observed in the Course of the Ord- lings Cerionites Meek and Worthen), Subtribe nance Geological Survey of that District. Mastoporinae, Mastopora Eichwald (= Nidulites Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, Salter), and Apidium Stolley. The following species London, 23 1 pp., 60 pis. are listed: Coelosphaeridium cyclocrinophilum

Roemer (fig. 41), C. excavatum Stolley, C. we- The echinoderm Sphaeronites tessellatus from senbergense Stolley, Pasceolus shianensis Reed, south Devon, England, is described and figured, Cyclocrinus spasskii Eichwald, C roemeri Stolley, and is compared with Echinospherites Wahlenberg C planus Stolley, C. subtilis Stolley, C. mem- (Sphaeronites Hisinger), Hemicosmites Von Buch branaceus Stolley, C. balticus Stolley, C. porosus and Cryptocrinites Von Buch (pp. 1 35-1 36, pi. 59). Stolley (fig. 43), C. oelandicus Stolley, C van- Broderip suggests that it is related to the tunicate hoeffeni Stolley, C. pyriformis Stolley, C. multi- mollusc, Chelysoma macleayanum. cavus Stolley, C mickwitzi Stolley, C. schmidti Stolley, C. billingsii (Roemer), C. claudei (Miller), Pia, Julius C. darwini (Miller), C. globosus (Billings), C hos- 1920. Die siphoneae verticillatae vom Karbon pitalis (Salter), C. mellifluus (Salter), C. camdensis

bis zur Kreide. Abhandlungen der (K.K.) [sic] (Foerste), C dactylioides (Owen), C. goughii

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 147 (Salter), C. gregarius (Billings), C. halli (Billings), [Ordovician] Pogonip Group ofthe Arrow Canyon C. intermedins (Billings), C. sedgwigki [sic] (Salt- Range, Nevada. er), Mastopora concava Eichwald, M. fava Salter, M. odini M. and Eth- Stolley, parva (Nicholson Piveteau, Jean eridge), M. pyriformis (Bassler) (fig. 44), Apidium See: krausei (Kiesow), A. sororis Stolley, A. pygmaeum (Stolley), and A. indicum Reed. Boule, M., and J. Piveteau, 1935.

1 928. Plantae fossiles. Neue Arbeiten ueber fos- Plodowski, G. sile Kalkalgen aus den Familien der Dasycla- See: daceae und Codiaceae. Neues Jahrbuch fuer Durkoop, A., H. Mensink, and G. Plodowski, Mineralogie, Geologie, und Palaeontologie. 1967. Referate Teil 3, pp. 227-240.

Cyclocrinus is listed as a dasycladaceous alga (p. Pocta, Filip 230). 1898. O zbytcich hub z ceske panve palaeo- 1931. Einige allgemeine an die Algen des Pa- zoicke. Rozpravy Ceske Akademie Cisare laeozoikums anknuepfende Fragen. Palaeon- Frantiska Josefa pro Vedy, Slovesnost a

tologische Zeitschrift, Band 13, Nrs. 1-2, pp. Umeni, vol. 7, part 2, no. 24, pp. 1-8, 1 pi. 1-30. Palaeozoic Receptaculitidae are poorly known Cyclocrinus, Coelosphaeridium, Mastopora, and organisms. Receptaculites and Ischadites are com- Apidium are mentioned as Ordovician members mon in Czechoslovakia (pp. 1-2). of family Dasycladaceae (pp. 11, 13).

Poignant, Alain-Francois 1936. Algen als Leitfossilien; pp. 11-34, 2 ta- bles. In Problemy Paleontologii. Tom 1. 1975. Mise a jour sur la phylogenie de quelques

1 calcaires fossiles. of [Problems of Paleontology. Volume .] Pa- algues Review Paleo- leontologicheskaja Laboratorija Moskovsko- botany and Palynology, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. go Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta, Moskva. 117-128, 7 text-figs. [Publications of the Laboratory of Paleontol- Cyclocrinites and Mastopora are mentioned (p. ogy, Moscow University.] 121). Coelosphaeridium, Cyclocrinus, Mastopora, and Apidium are listed as Ordovician green algae (p. See: 16). Bassoullet, J.-P., P. Bernier, R. Deloffre, P. Genot, M. Jaffrezo, A.-F. Poignant, G. Se- 1940. Das der Klimazeugnis Altpalaeozoischen gonzac, 1975 and 1977. Kalkalgen; pp. 153-155. In International Geological Congress. Report. 17th Session, Pokrovskaja, N. V. USSR, 1937. Volume 6. Symposium on Pa- leozoic and Pre-Cambrian Climates. See:

Zhuravleva, I. T., N. M. Zadorozhnaja, D. V. Cyclocrinitids are used as climatic indicators (p. Osadchaja, N. V. Pokrovskaja, N. M. Ro- 154). dionova, and V. D. Fonin, 1967.

Pierce, R. W., R. W. Ely, R. D. Stieglitz, T. R. L. and Courtright, and R. L. Langenheim, Jr. Polma, L., Sarv, Linda Hints

1969. Upper Pogonip rock units in the Arrow 1977. The subdivision of the Ordovician in the Canyon Range, Clark County, Nevada. Ab- Berzini Boring (South-East Latvia). Eesti NSV stracts with Programs. Geological Society of Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised, vol. 26, America, 1969, part 3, Cordilleran Section, Keemia, Geoloogia 1977, no. 2, pp. 1 13-121. pp. 53-54. Ordovician Mastopora concava is listed from Receptaculites and Calathium are found in the the subsurface in Latvia (table facing p. 1 1 6).

148 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Poole, F. G. (= Acanthochonia Hinde) is a sponge. Acantho- chonia barrandei Hinde is a lower portion of /. See: koenigii, the most common representative of the Byers, F. M., Jr., H. Barnes, F. G. Poole, and genus Ischadites in the Bohemian Silurian. Recep- R.J. Ross, Jr., 1961. taculites neptuni Defrance is found in the Lower Devonian of Bohemia. Ischadites cf. koenigii is Poort, J. M. figured. 1976. Historical Geology. Interpretations and Applications, 2nd ed. Burgess Publishing Co., Prouty, Chilton E. Minneapolis, Minnesota, 149 pp.

1 946. Lower Middle Ordovician ofsouthwest Vir- Ordovician to Devonian Receptaculites and De- ginia and northeast Tennessee. Bulletin of the vonian Sphaerospongia are figured as sponges (p. American Association of Petroleum Geolo- 27). gists, vol. 30, no. 7, pp. 1140-1191, 9 text-

figs. Pray, Lloyd C. The Lower Middle Ordovician in the Appala- 1 958. Stratigraphic section, Montoya Group and chian Valley of Virginia and Tennessee contains Fusselman Formation, Franklin Mountains, Nidulites pyriformis Bassler in the Nidulites beds Texas. West Texas Geological Society Guide- of the Ward Cove and Athens Formations, Re- book. 1958 Field Trip, Franklin and Hueco ceptaculites in the Benbolt Limestone, Receptac- Mountains, Texas, pp. 30-42, 5 text-figs. ulites sp. in the Ward Cove Formation, and R. Receptaculites is listed from the Upham For- biconstrictus in the Receptaculites zone of the War- mation of the Upper Ordovician (?) Montoya dell Limestone (pp. 1 146, 1 151-1 154, 1 156-1 158, Group in the northern Franklin Mountains, Texas 1163, 1167, 1169). (P. 39). 1948. Trenton and sub-Trenton stratigraphy of Prest, V. K. northwest belts of Virginia and Tennessee. Bulletin of the American Association of Pe- 1952. Notes on the geology of parts of Ellesmere troleum Geologists, vol. 32, no. 8, pp. 1 596- and Devon Islands, Northwest Territories 1626, 7 text-figs., 1 table. (Report and map). Geological Survey of Can- ada, Paper 52-32, 15 pp., 1 map. Receptaculites is reported from the Ordovician (Black River) Wardell Formation in Virginia and The sponge Receptaculites arcticus Etheridge is Tennessee and the Sevier Shale in Tennessee. The found in the Ordovician (Richmond) limestone in middle Sevier is characterized by numerous small Maury Bay, along the eastern shore of Ellesmere Receptaculites, and the upper Sevier by large Re- Island (p. 7). ceptaculites (pp. 1598, 1613).

Prezbindowski, Dennis R. See also: See: Cooper, B. N., and C. E. Prouty, 1943. Erdtmann, B.-D., and D. R. Prezbindowski, 1974. Quenstedt, Friedrich August von 1852. Handbuch der Petrefactenkunde. Pribyl, Alois Laupp'schen, Tuebingen, 792 pp., 62 pis. (in 1944. Prispevek k poznani ceskych zastupcu Atlas). [Zweite Auflage (2nd ed.), 1867, 982 rodu Ischadites Murch (with the English sum- pp., text-figs., 86 pis. (in Atlas); Dritte Auflage mary: Contribution to the knowledge of the (3rded.), 1882-1885, 1239 pp., text-figs., 100 Bohemian representatives of the genus Is- pis. (in Atlas).] chadites Murch.). Vestnik Kralovske Ceske Devonian Receptaculites neptuni Defrance from Spolecnosti Nauk, Praha. Trida matemat-pri- Belgium and Silesia (pi. 60, fig. 18) is described as rod, [for] 1944, 12 pp., 1 pi., 1 text-fig. a problematic sponge and compared with [Silu- Lower Devonian Ischadites ovatus n. sp. from rian] Ludlow Ischadites koenigii Murchison (pp. Bohemia is described and illustrated. Ischadites 670-671).

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 149 1876a. Petrefactenkunde Deutschlands. 1. Counties. Wheaton, Joliet, and Wilmington Abtheilung. 4. Band. Echinodermen (Asteri- Quadrangles. Guide Leaflet 195 IE. Illinois den und Encriniden). Fues's Verlag, Leipzig, State Geological Survey, Geological Science 742 pp. Field Trip, 13 pp., pis., map.

Cyclocrinus spaskii is described (p. 703) as a Ordovician Ischadites [iowensis] and Receptac- cystoid. ulites [oweni] are figured (unnumbered pi.).

See also: Radugin, K. V. Quenstedt, F. A., 1876b. 1936. Nekotorye celenteraty iz nizhnego silura Gornoi Shorii. [Some coelenterates from the 1876b. Atlas zu den Asteriden und Encriniden. Lower Silurian of Gornoya Shoria.] Materialy Fues's Verlag, Leipzig, pis. 90-1 14. po geologii zapadnosibirskogo kraja. [Rec- Cyclocrinus spaskii from the Vaginaten-kalk is ords of the Geology of the West Siberian Re- figured (pi. 114, fig. 49). gion.] No. 35, pp. 89-105, 2 pis.

Receptaculites (?) radiatus n. sp. is described and See also: illustrated as a coelenterate from the basin of the Quenstedt, F. A., 1876a. Amzass River in the mountainous district of Gor- noya Shoria, West Siberia (pp. 90-91, 102, 105; 1878. Petrefactenkunde Deutschlands. 1. Ab- pi. 2, fig. 15). theilung. 5. Band. Korallen (Schwaemme). Fues's Verlag, Leipzig, 612 pp., with Atlas of Rauff, Hermann 28 pis. 1888. Ueber die Organisation der Receptacu- The following are described and figured as liten und erlaeuterte an Modellen den eigen- sponges: Receptaculites; [Ordovician] R. jowensis thuemlichen Wandbau derselben. Protokoll [sic] (pi. 142, fig. 17) from the Galena of Du- der Sitzung vom 14 August. Zeitschrift der buque, Iowa; Devonian R. neptuni from Chimay, Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft, Band Belgium; R. occidentalis, R. orbis, R. oweni; De- 40, Heft 3, pp. 606-609. vonian R. scyphioides (pi. 1 42, fig. 1 5) from Ober-

Kunzendorf; Receptaculites sp. (pi. 1 42, figs. 1 8- Receptaculitids {Receptaculites, Ischadites, and 19); Ischadites, and /. koenigii (pp. 586-592). Polygonosphaerites), calcareous organisms of un- certain systematic position, are described. Ischa- Raasch, Gilbert O. dites (= Acanthochonia), I. vichtensis (= Sphaero- spongia vichtensis Schlueter), Polygonosphaerites 1948. Apple River Canyon Area. Jo Daviess (= Sphaerospongia), and P. tesselatus (= Dictyo- County. Elizabeth and Galena Quadrangles. phyton gerolsteinense) are discussed. Archaeocy- Guide Leaflet 1 948C. Illinois State Geological athids and the bryozoans Mastopora, Cyclocrinus, Survey, Geological Science Field Trip, 7 pp., and Coelosphaeridium are not related to the re- 1 table, 2 pis., 2 maps. ceptaculitids. Two zones of the sponge Receptaculites oweni are present in the Prosser Member of the Ordo- 1892a. Kalkalgen und Receptaculiten. Nieder- vician Galena Dolomite in Jo Daviess County, rheinischen Gesellschaft fuer Natur- und

Illinois (p. 5). Heilkunde zu Bonn, Sitzungsberichte, 1892, pp. 74-90, 7 text-figs. 1949. Rockford Area. Guide Leaflet 1949D. Il- Receptaculitids are described and compared with linois State Geological Survey, Geological recent dasyclads. Ischadites, I. koenigi, I. mur- Science Field Trip, 8 pp., 2 tables, 2 pis., 1 chisoni, Polygonosphaerites, Receptaculites, R. oc- map. cidentalis, and R. crassiparies are described. Receptaculites oweni is listed as a sponge from the Prosser Member of the Ordovician Galena 1892b. Untersuchungen ueber die Organisation

Limestone in northern Illinois (p. 1). und systematische Stellung der Receptaculi- tiden. Abhandlungen der Mathematisch-Phy- 1951. Downers Grove Area. DuPage and Will sikalischen Klasse der Koeniglich Bayerisch-

150 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY en Akademie der Wissenschaften, Band 17, Nidulites sp. from the Ordovician Quebec City Abt. 3, pp. 645-722, 7 pis., 12 text-figs. Formation of Quebec is identical to that of the Chambersburg Limestone in eastern Pennsylvania Receptaculitids are described as calcareous or- (p. 356). ganisms of uncertain systematic position. The fol- lowing are illustrated: Receptaculites neptuni De- 1 9 1 3a. Quebec and vicinity. Excursion in East- france, R. crassiparies Rauff, R. orbis Eichwald, R. ern Quebec and the Maritime Provinces. (Ex- damesi Rauff, Ischadites koenigi Murchison, /. cursion A 1.) Part 1. Guide Book No. 1. rectus Rauff, /. murchisoni Eichwald, /. cf. mur- Twelfth International Geological Congress. chisoni Eichwald, /. vichtensis Schlueter, and Po- Toronto, 1913. Issued by the Canadian Geo- lygonosphaerites tesselatus Phillips. logical Survey. Government Printing Bureau, Ottawa, Ontario, pp. 25-48, text-figs., maps. See also: Nidulites occurs in an Ordovician lower Trenton Anonymous, 1892b. fauna in Quebec City, Canada (p. 43).

1893. Ueber Polygonosphaerites. Neues Jahr- 1913b. Ordovician of Montreal and Ottawa. buch fur Mineralogie, Geologie, und Palaeon- Excursions in the Neighbourhood of Mon- 1 1 tologie, Band , Heft , pp. 43-49, 8 text-figs. treal and Ottawa. (Excursion All.) Guide Whiteave's (1892) study of Sphaerospongia tes- Book No. 3. Twelfth International Geological selata, and RaufTs ( 1 892b) study ofReceptaculites, Congress. Toronto, 1913. Issued by the Ca- Ischadites, and Polygonosphaerites (= Sphaero- nadian Geological Survey. Government spongia) are summarized. The following are the Printing Bureau, Ottawa, Ontario, pp. 137— synonyms of S. tesselata: S. cornu copiae Goldf, 160. 5. cf. cornu copiae, S. rathi Kayser, S. cf. rathi, S. Ordovician upper Trenton beds at Ottawa, On- sculpta Schlueter, S. megaraphis Schlueter, (?) S. tario, contain a fauna similar to the Black River, cf. gerolsteinensis, and Sphaerospongia spp. including Ischadites iowaensis [sic] (p. 1 59). Sphaerospongia vichtensis Schlueter and Acantho- chonia devonica Schlueter are transferred to Is- 1914. The Trenton Group in Ontario and Que- chadites. Receptaculites eifeliensis Schlueter is the bec. Geological Survey of Canada, Summary same as R. neptuni Defrance. All are algae. Report, 1912, pp. 342-350.

1894. Palaeospongiologie. Specieller Theil. A. Receptaculites orientalis [occidentalis ?] is listed Spongien des Palaeozoicum. Palaeontograph- from the Ordovician Trenton Group in the Que- bec area of Canada ica, Band 40, pp. 233-346, 17 pis., text-figs. City (pp. 342-343). 49-75. 1916. Expedition to the Baltic provinces of A. Cala- Amphispongia Salter, oblonga Salter, Russia and Scandinavia. Part I. The corre- thium (?) (Calathella) anstedi Billings, C. formo- lation of the Ordovician strata of the Baltic sum Billings, Nipterella Hinde (a tetractinellid Basin with those of eastern North America. and N. are described sponge), paradoxica (Billings) Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zo- or illustrated 241, pi. 1, 1 1-16; (pp. 275-278; figs. ology, Harvard College, vol. 56, no. 3, (Geo- 7, 1-4; A text pi. figs. text-figs. 56-57). [never logical Series, vol. 10), pp. 177-286, 8 pis. published ?] to accompany the Calathium illus- The Ordovician fossils are listed: trations was to be included in Palaeontographica, following Cy- clocrinites from the Jewe, and We- volume 41. The family Amphispongidae Rauff is spasski Kegel, Formations ofthe Baltic ofRus- erected for the aberrant lyssacine hexactinellid senberg provinces sia and from balticus, C schmidti, C. sponge, Amphispongia Salter 1861. Subgenus Cal- Norway; C and C. roemeri from the Baltic athella Rauff is erected for Calathium anstedi. mickwitzi, prov- inces; Receptaculites from the Chambersburg Limestone of Pennsylvania and the Ottosee Lime- Raymond, Percy E. stone of Virginia; R. occidentalis from the Rock- 1912. II. Invertebrate. Geological Survey of land Formation of Ontario and the Black River Canada, Department of Mines. Summary Re- Formation of Pennsylvania; Nidulites favus from port, 1911, pp. 351-357. Chambersburg Limestone of Pennsylvania; Mas-

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 151 topora concava, Coelosphaeridium, and C. cyclo- 338-339; pi. 18, figs. 6-7). Sphaerospongia and S. crinophilum from the Baltic provinces and Chris- tessellata are mentioned. tiania [Oslo], Norway (pp. 200-201, 203-205, 211, 238-239, 241, 244-245, 255). 1908. II.— Sedgwick Museum notes: new fossils from Girvan. Geological Magazine, n. ser., 1 922a. Trenton of central Tennessee and Ken- Dec. 5, vol. 5, pp. 291-296, pi. 12. tucky. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Silurian Ischadites antiquus Salter, /. koenigi America, vol. 33, pp. 571-586. Murchison, /. lindstroemi Hinde, and Ischadites Receptaculites occidentalis is listed from the sp. from Great Britain are discussed (pp. 291— Curdsville of the Ordovician Trenton in Ken- 292). Silurian, Middle Llandovery Receptaculites tucky, which is sometimes correlated with the Le- grayi n. sp. from Scotland is described and illus- ray of New York (p. 573). trated and compared with R. occidentalis Salter, R. orbis Eichwald, R. neptuni, Ischadites sp., and in 1922b. The Ceratopyge fauna Western North /. koenigi (pp. 292-294; pi. 12, figs. 1-2). Recep- America. American Journal of Science, vol. taculites girvanensis n. sp. from the [Ordovician] 3, pp. 204-210. starfish bed of Thraive Glen is described and il- lustrated and compared with R. occidentalis Salter Receptaculites appears about midway in the Po- and R. orbis Eichwald (pp. 294-295; pi. 12, figs. gonip [Ordovician] of the Eureka District, Nevada 3-6). (p. 205).

1912. Ordovician and Silurian fossils from the Raymond, Percy I ., and Vladimir J. Okulitch Central Himalayas. Memoirs of the Geolog- 1940. Some Chazyan sponges. Bulletin of the ical Survey of India. Palaeontologia Indica, Harvard Museum of Comparative Zoology, ser. 15, vol. 7, no. 2, 168 pp., 20 pis. College, vol. 86, no. 5, pp. 195-214, 7 pis., 4 Pasceolus mellijluus (Salter), P. (?) shianensis n. text-figs. sp., and Apidium indicum n. sp. from Ordovician The sponge genus Exochopora is erected for Or- and Silurian localities in the Central Himalayas dovician Calathium canadensis and C. in- Billings are described and figured. All are of uncertain Ulrich and Everett felix (p. 208). taxonomic position. Ischadites (?) inosculans (Salt- er) is described, and Sphaerospongia, S. tessellata J. F. Read, (= Sphaeronites tessellatus), Ischadites, Receptac- C. Pas- 1980. Carbonate ramp-to-basin transitions and ulites, Cyclocrinus, porosus, Mastopora, ceolus, Apidium, A. krausei, and A. are foreland basin evolution, Middle Ordovician, pygmaeum mentioned (pp. 117-121, 144, 146, 149-151, 153- Virginia Appalachians. Bulletin of the Amer- 154; pi. 16, figs. 13-20). ican Association of Petroleum Geologists,

vol. 64, no. 10, pp. 1575-1612, 19 text-figs., 2 tables. Reeds, Chester Albert

1 907. 1 8-28. In Receptaculitids and (alga?) Nidulites are listed Geologic features; pp. Bowman, and Chester Albert Water Re- from sub-wave base deep ramp and deep flank Isaiah, Reeds, sources of the East St. Louis district. Illinois downslope buildups (p. 1587); Nidulites is listed State 128 from deep ramp facies and from slope and basin Geological Survey Bulletin, 5, pp. facies in the Middle Ordovician Lantz Mills and Receptaculities [sic] is found in the Ordovician Hall/Rich beds in Liberty Valley Virginia (pp. Kimmswick (Trenton) Limestone between 1597, 1600). Kimmswick and Glen Park, Missouri (p. 20).

F. R. Reed, Cowper See also:

1902. Woodwardian Museum notes: Salter's Bowman, I., and C. A. Reeds, 1907. undescribed species. Geological Magazine, Dec. 4, vol. 9, no. 8, pp. 337-342, pi. 18. Reeves, Corwin C, Jr.

Pasceolus (?) hospitalis (Salter) of uncertain 1958. Stratigraphy of northwestern Wind River taxonomic position is described and illustrated (pp. Basin and Range, Dubois area, Fremont

152 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY County, Wyoming. Bulletin of the American Wise Lake and Dunleith Formations in Jo Daviess Association of Petroleum Geologists, vol. 42, County, Illinois. Receptaculites [oweni] and Is- no. 10, pp. 2399-2423, 10 text-figs. chadites [iowensis] are illustrated (pp. 2, 8, 22-23).

Receptaculites is found in the Ordovician Big- See also: horn Dolomite in the Dubois area of Wyoming Reinertsen, D. L., D. J. Berggren, and M. M. (p. 2404). Killey, 1973a.

Regnell, Gerhard 1973a. Stockton area. Jo Daviess County. Eliz- 1945. Non-crinoid pelmatozoa from the Paleo- abeth and Lena Quadrangles. Guide Leaflet zoic of Sweden. Meddelanden fraan Lunds 1973C. Illinois State Geological Survey, Geo-

Geologisk-Mineralogiska Institution, no. 108, logical Science Field Trip, 24 pp., 1 pi., 12 255 pp., 15 pis., 30 text-figs. text-figs., 1 map.

Ordovician algae Coelosphaeridium, C. cyclo- This is identical to Reinertsen, D. L., D. J. Berg- crinophilum, Cyclocrinites, Cyclocrinus and Mas- gren, and M. M. Killey, 1972. topora have in the past been confused with the cystoidean Sphaeronites (p. 1 1 ). 1973b. Rockton area. Winnebago County. Rockford Quadrangle. Guide Leaflet 1973D. Reichenbach, Renst Freiherr Stromer V. Illinois State Geological Survey, Geological

Science Field Trip, 24 pp., pis., 5 text-figs., 1 909. Lehrbuch der Palaeozoologie. I Teil; Wir- maps. bellose Tierre. B. G. Teubner, Leipzig und Berlin, 398 figs., 342 pp. Ordovician Ischadites [iowensis] and Receptac- ulites [oweni] are figured (unnumbered plate). Silurian [Lower Ordovician] to Carboniferous Receptaculida is described and placed together with See also: Archaeocyathida in class Ctenophora. The De- Reinertsen, D. L., D. J. and M. M. vonian Sphaerospongia tesselata Phillips from Berggren, 1974. Winnipegosis, Middle Devonian Receptaculites Killey, neptuni Defr. from Eifel, and Middle Devonian 1 974. Rockton area. Rock- Polygonosphaerites tesselatus Phillips from Nas- Winnebago County. ford Guide Leaflet 1974B. Illi- sau are described and figured (pp. 95,98, 1 03, 1 05; Quadrangle. nois State Survey, Geological Sci- figs. 125-127). Geological ence Field Trip, 24 pp., 5 text-figs., pis., maps. Reinertsen, David L. This is identical to Reinertsen, D. L., D. J. Berg- See: gren, and M. M. Killey, 1973b.

Cote, W. E., D. L. Reinertsen, and M. M. and Killey, 1968, 1970, and 1971. Reinertsen, David L., Myrna M. Killey Cote, W. E., D. L. Reinertsen, and G. M. 1972. La Salle area. La Salle, Bureau, and Put- Wilson, 1966, 1967a, 1967b, and 1968. nam Counties. La Salle and Ottawa Quad- Cote, W. E., D. L. Reinertsen, G. M. Wilson, rangles. Guide Leaflet 197 ID. Illinois State and M. M. Killey, 1969 and 1970. Geological Survey, Geological Science Field Wilson, G. M., D. L. Reinertsen, and W. E. Trip, 28 pp., 8 text-figs., pis., maps. Cote, 1965. Ordovician Receptaculites [oweni] and Ischa- Reinertsen, David L., Dwain J. Berggren, and dites [iowensis] are figured (unnumbered plate). Myrna M. Killey Renaud, Alzine 1972. Stockton area. Jo Daviess County. Eliz- abeth and Lena Quadrangles. Guide Leaflet 1942a. Le Devonien du synclinorium median 1972D. Illinois State Geological Survey, Geo- Brest-Laval. Memoires de la Societe Geolo-

logical Science Field Trip, 24 pp., 1 2 text-figs., gique et Mineralogique de Bretagne, tome 7, 1 map, appendix, pis. partie 1: Stratigraphie, 184 pp., text-figs.

Receptaculites zones occur in the Ordovician Receptaculites sp., R. seunesi, and R. eifeliensis

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 153 are found in the Middle Devonian Couvinien of siaty, Kishechnopolostnye, Chervi [vol. 2]. the "synclinorium median Brest-Laval" in Brit- Akademia Nauk SSSR, Moskva, 485 pp. tany (pp. 123, 128, 147, 149-151). Amphispongiidae is a family of lyssacine sponges (P. 41). 1942b. Le Devonien du synclinorium median Brest-Laval. Memoires de la Societe Geolo- Rhodes, Frank H. T., and Paul S. Wingard gique et Mineralogique de Bretagne, tome 7, 2: 439 14 partie Paleontologie, pp., pis. 1957. Chemical composition, microstructure, and affinities of the Neurodontiformes. Jour- The sponges (?) Receptaculites seunesi, R. nep- nal of vol. no. 448- tuni, and R. eifeliensis are present in the Middle Paleontology, 31, 2, pp. 2 Devonian Couvinien ofthe "synclinorium median 454, text-figs. Brest-Laval" in 307, Re- Brittany (pp. 384-385). Receptaculites occurs in association with Neu- ceptaculites eifeliensis is figured (pi. 12, fig. 1). rodontiformes (p. 449).

Reso, Anthony Rhodes, Frank H. T., Herbert S. Zim, and Paul 1963. Composite columnar section of exposed R. Shaffer Paleozoic and Cenozoic rocks in the Pahran- 1962a. Fossils— A Guide to Prehistoric Life. agat Range, Lincoln County, Nevada. Bulle- Golden Press, New York, New York, 1 60 pp., tin of the Geological Society of America, vol. illus. 74, pp. 901-918, 2 pis., 1 text-fig. Ordovician to Devonian Receptaculites [oweni] Receptaculites is abundant and widespread in of uncertain taxonomic position is as a the Upper Limestone Formation of the Ordovi- figured sponge (p. 76). cian Pogonip Group in the Pahranagat Range, Ne- vada (p. 906). 1962b. Fossiles. Hachette, Paris, 156 pp., illus. Robert Ramon Reynolds, This is a translation of Rhodes, F. H. T., et ah, 1962. See:

Willman, H. B., and R. R. Reynolds, 1947. Fakta 163 Willman, H. B., R. R. Reynolds, and P. Her- 1965[?]a. om forsteninger, [Oslo?], numerous bert, Jr., 1946. pp., text-figs.

This is a translation of Rhodes, F. H. T., et ah, Carl B. Rexroad, 1962. See: Shaver, R. H., and others, 1978. 1965[?]b. Fossili. Traduzione di Giorgio Tom- masini. Mondadori, Milano, 159 pp., illus. Rezak, Richard This is a translation of Rhodes, F. H. T., et ai, 1 959. Paleozoic evolution of the Dasycladaceae. 1962. Proceedings of the IX International Botanical Congress. Montreal, August 19-29, 1959. 1970. Fosiles. Ediciones Daimon, Barcelona, 160 Volume II. Abstracts. of Toronto University pp., illus. Press, Toronto, Canada, p. 325. This is a translation of Rhodes, F. H. T., et ai, The Ordovician Dasycladaceae Cyclocrinites and 1962. Coelosphaeridium exhibit verticillate rays that have an orderly arrangement in whorls. Richards, Paul W.

Rezvoi, P. D., Inessa T. Zhuravleva, and V. M. 1957. Geology of the area east and southeast of Koltun Livingston, Park County, Montana. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey, 1021- 1962. Tip Porifera; pp. 17-74, pis. 1-8, text- L, pp. 385-438, pis. 34-36, text-figs. 58-66. figs. 1-107. In Orlov, Yury Aleksandrovich (ed.), Osnovy Paleontologii: Gubki, Arkheot- Receptaculites is characteristic of the Ordovi-

154 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY cian Bighorn Dolomite near Livingston Peak in Arctic Sea, in Search of the Discovery Ships southwestern Montana (p. 403). Under the Command of Sir John Franklin. With an Appendix on the Physical Geography Richardson, Eugene v. Jr. of North America. Volume 1. Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, London, 413 1948. Fossil facts and fancy: some carpenters' pp., pis., maps. tools simulated in nature. Chicago Natural Field of History Museum [now Museum Receptaculites neptunii found in the Silurian vol. no. Natural History] Bulletin, 19, 7, pp. [Ordovician?] near Pine Island Lake [Manitoba?] 10 7-8, text-figs. is compared with Uphantenia chemungiensis, Re- and Eschadites Ordovician Ischadites is described and figured ceptaculites neptuni, [sic] konigi (pp. 75-76). as a sponge (fig. 10).

Richardson, George B. See also: Richardson, John, 1852. 1 908. Paleozoic formations in trans-Pecos, Tex- as. American Journal of Science, 4th sen, vol. 1852. Arctic Searching Expedition: Journal of 25, no. 150, art. 49, pp. 474-484. Boat-voyage Through Rupert's Land and the Ordovician Calathium n. sp., a coral-like sponge Arctic Sea, in Search of the Discovery Ships from the El Paso Limestone, and Receptaculites Under the Command of Sir John Franklin. of the Lime- oweni from the Galena beds Montoya With an Appendix on the Physical Geography stone in the trans-Pecos region of Texas are listed of North America. Harper & Brothers, New

(pp. 478-479). York, 516 pp., figs., and tables.

The section on is iden- 1 909. Description of the El Paso district. United [receptaculitids] (p. 54) States Geological Survey, Geologic Atlas, El tical to that in Richardson, J., 1851. Paso Folio, Texas, no. 166, 11 pp., 8 text-

figs., 2 maps, 15 illus. Riding, Robert

Receptaculites oweni Hall is found in the Middle 1977. Problems of affinity in Palaeozoic calcar- to Upper Ordovician Montoya Limestone in the eous algae; pp. 202-2 11,2 tables. In Fluegel, Franklin Mountains near El Paso, Texas. Erik (ed.), Fossil Algae. Springer-Verlag, Ber- lin, Heidelberg, 375 pp. 1913. The Paleozoic section in northern Utah. and previous views American Journal of Science, 4th ser., vol. 36, Receptaculitid morphology on their classification are discussed. Receptaculi- pp. 406-416. tids are green algae but not dasyclads (pp. 205, The Ordovician Garden Limestone in the City 208-209). Bear River Range of northern Utah contains Re- ceptaculites sp. (p. 409). - 1 9 79a. Devonian calcareous algae; pp. 1 4 1 1 44,

1 text-fig. In House, M. R., C. T. Scrutton, Richardson, James and M. G. Bassett (eds.), The Devonian sys- 1858. Report for the year 1857 of Mr. James tem. A Palaeontological Association Inter- Richardson, Explorer, addressed to Sir Wil- national Symposium. Special Papers in Pa- liam E. Logan, F.R.S., Director of the Geo- laeontology, vol. 23, 353 pp. logical Survey of Canada. Geological Survey The Receptaculitaceae may be chlorophytes re- of Canada Report of Progress, 1857, pp. 29- lated to dasycladaceans (pp. 141-142); they occur 93, 4 maps. in the Devonian open shelf facies (p. 143, text-fig. occurs in the Lower Si- Receptaculites neptuni 1). lurian [Ordovician] on Lake St. John, Gaspe Pen- insula 85, (pp. 87). 1979b. Algae; pp. 13-20, 11 text-figs. In Fair- bridge, Rhodes W., and David Jablonski (eds.), Richardson, John The Encyclopedia of Paleontology. The En- 1851. Arctic Searching Expedition: Journal of cyclopedia ofEarth Sciences. Volume 7. Dow- Boat-voyage Through Rupert's Land and the den, Hutchinson, and Ross, Inc., Strouds-

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 155 burg, Pennsylvania, 886 pp., numerous text- and U. hexaster (pp. 25-27). Leptopoterion Ulrich

figs. and Receptaculitida Rauffare listed.

Coelosphaeridium, a Paleozoic dasycladaceous 1969. Die Receptaculiten. Eine Studie zur Mor- alga, and the Receptaculitaceae, previously re- phologic, Organisation, Oekologie und garded as sponges, are described. Cyclocrineae and Ueberlieferung einer problematischen Fossil- Receptaculitaceae are dasyclad-like groups (pp. 1 5- Gruppe und die Deutung ihrer Stellung im 16,20). System. Senckenbergiana Lethaea. Wissen- schaftliche Mitteilungen der Senckenber- and Donald Francis Riding, Robert, Toomey gischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, Band

50, Hefte 5-6, pp. 465-517, 4 pis., 14 text- 1972. The sedimentological role of Epiphyton and Renalcis in Lower Ordovician mounds, figs. southern Oklahoma. Journal of Paleontol- Morphology, growth pattern, stratigraphic dis- ogy, vol. 46, no. 4, pp. 509-5 19, 2 pis., 3 text- tribution, and systematics of receptaculitids are figs. described. Receptaculitids are an order of algae. Receptaculites sp., R. neptuni, R. aff. orbis, R. aus- The problematic spongelike Calathium Billings tralis, R. (?) hemisphericus, R. crassiparies, R. (?) is found in Lower Ordovician organic mounds in occidentalis, Acanthochonia barrandei, Ischadites Texas and Oklahoma (pp. 509, 5 1 1-5 1 2, 5 1 8, fig. sp., /. jonesi, I. koenigi, I. lindstroemi, Lepidolites 3). The sponge/algal mounds in the principal Ca- dickhauti, Tettragonis sp., T. murchisoni, T. cf. lathium zone of the lower Kindblade Limestone murchisoni, T. sulcata, and Rebutia marsoneri are in the Wichita Mountains are illustrated (p. 511, figured. fig. 2).

1970. Rekonstrucktionen als Hilfsmittel bei der Rietschel, Siegfried Untersuchung von Receptaculiten (Receptac- ulitales, Thallophyta). Senckenbergiana Le- 1 966. Scribroporella, eine Dasycladacee aus dem thaea. Wissenschaftliche der Mitteldevon des Bergischen Landes (Rhen- Mitteilungen Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesell- isches Schiefergebirge). Senckenbergiana Le- schaft, Band 51, Hefte 5-6, pp. 429-447, 3 thaea, Band 47, Heft 3, pp. 193-213, pis. 21- pis., 7 text-figs. 23, 3 text-figs.

Receptaculites neptuni, R. (?) biconstrictus Bas- Cyclocrinus Eichwald is a Paleozoic dasycla- sler, Tettragonis aff. orbis, and Ischadites koenigi dacean (p. 203). are figured, and the anatomy and growth pattern of receptaculitids are discussed. 1967. Gefaelschte fossilien. Natur und Mu- seum. Natur-Museum und Forschungs-Insti- 1977. Receptaculitids are calcareous algae but tut Senckenberg, Band 97, Heft 3, pp. 96-100, not dasyclads; pp. 212-214. In Fluegel, Erik 6 text-figs. (ed.), Fossil Algae. Springer- Verlag, Berlin, 375 Devonian "Receptaculites?" and R. neptuni, and Heidelberg, pp. Ordovician R. orbis and Ischadites biconstrictus The plant features of receptaculitids are de- are figured. scribed, and it is concluded that receptaculitids are calcareous algae, but not dasyclads. 1968. Die Octactinellida und ihnen verwandte Palaeozoische Kalkschwaemme (Porifera, See also:

Calcarea). Palaeontologische Zeitschrift. Or- Ziegler, B., and S. Rietschel, 1970. gan der Deutschen Palaeontologischen Ge- sellschaft, Band 42, Hefte 1-2, pp. 13-32, 1 Rigby, J. Keith pi., 4 text-figs. 1958. Geology of the Stansbury Mountains, The Lower Cambrian heteractinellid sponge eastern Tooele County, Utah; pp. 1-134, pis. family Uranosphaeridae Bedford and Bedford from 1-9, text-figs. 1-20, table 1. In Guidebook to South Australia consists of Uranosphaera Bedford the Geology of Utah. Number 13. Geology and Bedford, U. polyaster Bedford and Bedford, of the Stansbury Mountains, Tooele County,

156 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Utah. Utah Geological Society, Salt Lake City, Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Sep- Utah (distributed by Utah Geological and tember 5-7, 1969. Volume 2, Part J. Reef Mineralogical Survey), 175 pp. organisms through time. Allen Press, Law- rence, Kansas, pp. 1271-1482. Receptaculites elongatus is found in the Ordo- vician Garden City Formation in the Stansbury Calathium, probably a receptaculitid rather than Mountains south of Great Salt Lake, Utah (p. 30). a sponge, occurs in mounded structures in many parts of the world, including the Ordovician of

1 959. Precambrian, Cambrian, Ordovician, and Texas, Oklahoma, Utah, Nevada, and California Silurian sponges in North America [abstr.]. (p. 1378). Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, vol. 70, no. 12, p. 1743. See also: Petersen, M. S., and J. K. Rigby, 1970. Receptaculites is a long-lived sponge.

Rigby, J. Keith, and Raymond C. Gutschick 1962. Canadian and Chazyan receptaculitids from Utah and Nevada [abstr.]. Geological 1976. Two new Lower Paleozoic hexactinellid Society ofAmerica Special Papers, no. 68, pp. sponges from Utah and Oklahoma. Journal

51-52. of Paleontology, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 79-85, 1

Pi. Canadian [Ordovician] receptaculitids occur in the Pogonip Group in western Utah and eastern Receptaculites occidentalis Salter 1859 and Is- Nevada. chadites iowensis Hall 1861 from the Middle Or- dovician Bromide Formation in the Criner Hills 1965a. Evolution of Lower and Middle Ordo- of Oklahoma may be dasycladaceous algae rather vician sponge reefs in western Utah. Abstracts than sponges (p. 79). with Programs. Annual Meetings, 1965. Geo- logical Society of America, p. 1 34. Rigby, J. Keith, and Matthew H. Nitecki

Calathium occurs in reefs in the Ordovician 1968. Annotated bibliography of Lower Paleo- Fillmore Limestone of western Utah. zoic sponges of North America. Fieldiana:

Geology, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 1-146. See also: References to Ordovician and Silurian recep- Rigby, J. K., 1966. taculitids are included, although receptaculitids are not related to sponges. 1965b. Stratigraphy and Porifera of Ordovician rocks near Columbia Icefields, Jasper Nation- 1975. An unusually well preserved heteractinid al Park, Alberta, Canada. Brigham Young sponge from the Pennsylvanian of Illinois University. Geology Studies, vol. 1 2, pp. 1 65- and a possible classification and evolutionary 184, 6 pis., 2 text-figs. scheme for the Heteractinida. Journal of Pa-

The sponges (?) Receptaculites (?) sp. and Ca- leontology, vol. 49, no. 2, pp. 329-339, 1 pi., lathium (?) sp. are listed from the Ordovician, Ca- 3 text-figs. nadian Sarbach Formation in the Clearwater Can- Cambrian Uranosphaera Bedford and Bedford yon region of western Canada (p. 172). is closely related to the primitive chancellorid sponges (pp. 333, 336). 1966. Evolution of Lower and Middle Ordo- vician sponge reefs in western Utah. Geolog- Rigby, J. Keith, and Donald Francis Toomey ical Society of America Special Paper, no. 87, p. 137. 1978. A distinctive sponge spicule assemblage from organic buildups in the Lower Ordovi- This is identical to Rigby, J. K., 1965a. cian of southern Oklahoma. Journal of Pa- leontology, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 501-506, 3 text- 1971. Sponges and reefand related facies through figs. time; pp. 1374-1388, 9 text-figs. In Yochel- son, Ellis L. (ed.), Proceedings of the North The receptaculitid alga Calathium Billings is American Paleontological Convention. Field found in organic buildups in the Lower Ordovi-

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 157 cian Kindblade Formation of the Arbuckle and orado. Rocky Mountain Association of Ge- Wichita Mountains in southern Oklahoma (pp. ologists. Denver, Colorado, 236 pp. 501-502). Receptaculites oweni Hall is found in the upper Middle Ordovician Fremont Dolomite in the Riley, G. C. Monarch district of Colorado (p. 122). 1962. Stephenville Map-area, Newfoundland. Geological Survey of Canada, Memoir 323, See also: M. and C. S. 1957. 72 pp., 1 pi., 1 text-fig., 1 map. Dings, G., Robinson,

The Calathium anstedi and C. sponges Billings Roddick, J. A. fittoni Billings are listed from the Ordovician St. See: George Group in the Stephenville area of New- S. L. and J. A. Rod- foundland (pp. 19, 22, 64). Gabrielse, H., Blusson, dick, 1973.

Riva, John Rodionova, N. M. See: See: Bergstroem, S. M., J. Riva, and G. M. Kay, Zhuravleva, I. T., N. M. D. V. 1974. Zadorozhnaja, Osadchaja, N. V. Pokrovskaja, N. M. Ro- dionova, and V. D. Fonin, 1967. Roberts, R. J.

See: Roemer, [Carl] Ferdinand von Longwell, C. R., E. H. Pampeyan, B. Bowyer, 1844. Das Rheinische Uebergangsgebirge. and R. J. Roberts, 1965. Hahn'schen Hofbuchhandlung Hannover, 96 pp., 6 pis. Roberts, T. The coral Receptaculites neptuni and the cri- See: noids Sphaeronites sp. and S. tesselatus Phillips Marr, J. E., and T. Roberts, 1885. are found in the Middle Devonian of Germany (pp. 59-60, 64). Robertson, David 1852-1854. Erste Periode. Kohlen-Gebirge. See: Erster Band, 2 Thiel, 788 pp. In Bronn, Hein- Armstrong, J., J. Young, and D. Robertson, rich G., and [Carl] Ferdinand Roemer, 1850- 1876. 1 856. H. G. Bronn's Lethaea Geognostica oder Abbildung und Beschriebung der fuer die Ge- Robertson, Forbes, and F. C. Marshall birgs-Formationen Bezeichnendsten Verstei- 1975. Historical Geology— Manual of Labora- nerungen. E. Schweizerbart'schen Verlags- tory Exercises. Burgess Publishing Co., Min- buchhandlung, Stuttgart.

Minnesota, 1 70 neapolis, pp. The following Silurian [Ordovician] to Devo- nian amorphozoans are described as Receptacu- Ordovician to Devonian and Mississippian [?] lites: Receptaculites neptuni Defrance from Swit- Receptaculities [sic] is figured and described (pp. zerland, the Ober Kunzendorf in Silesia, and the 130, 148; pi. 1, fig. E2). It is placed with Porifera, Devonian in although its classification is uncertain. Chimay (Belgium), Belgium (un- specified locality), Eifel, Aachen, Rheinland (two Eifel-age shales), and Germany; [Ordovician] Re- Robinson, Charles S. ceptaculites orbis Eichwald (= Escharites formic- 1961. Pre-Pennsylvanian stratigraphy of the ulosus Schlotheim) from Reval; [Ordovician] Re- Monarch district, Chaffee County, Colorado; ceptaculites sp. from Galena, Illinois; [Ordovician] pp. 1 19-124, 3 text-figs. In Berg, Robert R., Receptaculites bronnii Eichwald from Reval, and and John W. Rold (eds.). Symposium on Low- a similar form from the Silurian [Ordovician] in er and Middle Paleozoic Rocks of Colorado. Galena, Illinois; and Scyphia cornucopiae Gold- Twelfth Field Conference. South Central Col- fuss from Eifel. Ischadites koenigi Murchison from

158 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY England and Tetragonis murchisoni Eichwald (lo- Palaeontologen. 1. Theil. Lethaea Palaeozo- cality unknown) are listed (pp. 157-159). ica. 1 . Band, Text. E. Schweizerbart'sche Ver- lagsbuchhandlung (F. Koch), Stuttgart, 688 See also: pp., 2 pis., 266 text-figs. Bronn, H. G., and F. Roemer, 1850-1856. The family Receptaculitidae, placed provision- ally with the Foraminifera, contains the following: 1862. Ueber die Diluvial-Geschiebe von nor- Receptaculites calciferous Billings, R. (?) elegan- dischen Sedimentaergesteinen in der nord- tulus Billings, R. occidentalis Salter, R. fungosus deutschen Ebene und im Besonderen ueber Hall, R. globularis Hall, R. jowensis [sic] Owen, die verschieden durch dieselben vertretenen R. oweni Hall, R. bronnii Eichwald, R. orbis Eich- Stockwerke oder geognostischen Niveaus der wald, R. insularis Billings, R. canadensis Billings, palaeozoischen Formation. Zeitschrift der R. dactyloides Miller, R.formosus Meek and Wor- Deutschen geologischen Gesellschaft, 1 4 Band, then, R. hemisphaericus Hall, R. ohioensis Hall 1 table, pp. 575-637. and Whitfield, R. reticulatus Miller, R. subturbi- Lower Silurian [Ordovician] Cyclocrinites spas- natus Hall, R. australis Salter, R. jonesi Billings, kii from the glacial erratics of northern Germany R. neptuni Defrance, R. carbonarius Roemer, Re- is listed, described, and compared with the C. ceptaculites sp. Salter, Receptaculites sp. Brady, spaskii from the [Ordovician] Munnelas Lime- Ischadites koenigii Murchison, /. antiquus Salter, stone of Estonia. Receptaculites from the same /. grindrodi Bigsby, /. micropora, I. tessellatus, Cy- German area is listed (pp. 587-588, 59 1-592, 614, clocrinus spaskii Eichwald, Pasceolus halli Bil- and table facing p. 6 1 8). lings, P. globosus Billings, P. gregarius Billings, P. intermedius Billings, P. darwinii Miller, P. claudii 1872. Ueber die Auffindung eines Jurassichen Miller, P. goughii Salter, P. sedgwicki Salter, Po- Diluvial-Geschiebes bei Strehlen suedlich von lygonosphaerites (= Sphaeronites) tessellatus Phil- Breslau. Jahres-Bericht der Schlesischen Ge- lips, P. rathi Kayser, P. rhombifer Roemer, Poly- sellschaft fuer vaterlaendische Cultur, Band gonosphaerites sp. Murchison, de Verneuil, and 49, pp. 41-43. Keyserling, Tetragonis murchisonii Eichwald, T. danbyi M'Coy, T. eifeliensis n. sp., and five species Receptaculites is a common Silurian [Ordovi- ofArchaeocyathus Billings. Stratigraphic and geo- cian] to Devonian genus. In Germany it is found graphic ranges are given. Receptaculites sp., R. car- in erratic boulders. Receptaculites carbonarius n. bonarius Roemer, Polygonosphaerites tessellatus sp. from the Carboniferous Limestone in County Phillips, and Tetragonis eifeliensis n. sp. are fig- Glatz is described and compared with R. neptuni ured. Receptaculites, Ischadites, Cyclocrinus, Tet- (P. 42). ragonis, Polygonosphaerites, and Archaeocyathus are redefined and placed in a single sponge family 1876. Lethaea Geognostica. 1. Theil. Lethaea Receptaculitiden (pp. 17, 285-298, 303-305). Palaeozoica. Atlas, Stuttgart, 62 pis.

Lower Silurian [Ordovician] Cyclocrinus spaskii 1883. Notiz ueber die Gattung Dictyophyton. Eichwald from Wesenberg, Estonia, and Upper Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Ge- Devonian Receptaculites neptuni Defrance from sellschaft, Band 35, pp. 704-708, 2 text-figs.

Chimay, Belgium, are illustrated (pi. 3, figs. 21a- Dictyophyton gerolsteinense of uncertain sys- e; pi. 35, figs. 7a-c). tematic position is described and illustrated from the Gerolstein Limestone in Gerolstein, Rhenish 1878. Protokoll der April-Sitzung. [Ueber Ar- Prussia, and is compared with Tetragonis mur- chaeocyathus marianus. ] Zeitschrift der chisoni from Russia. [D. gerolsteinense may be the Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft, Band interior of Sphaerospongia tessellata (Hinde, 1 887, 30, pp. 369-370. p. 38).] Receptaculites is related to Archaeocyathus. 1885. Lethaea erratica, oder Aufzaehlung und 1880. Lethaea Geognostica, oder Beschreibung Beschreibung der in der Norddeutschen Ebene und Abbildung der fuer die Gebirgs-Forma- vorkommenden Diluvial-Geschiebe nor- tionen bezeichnendsten Versteinerungen. discher Sedimentaer-Gesteine; pp. 248-420. Herausgegeben von einer Vereinigung von In Dames, Wilhelm, and Emanuel Kayser

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 159 (eds.), Palaeontologische Abhandlungen, Band Lower Cambrian [radiocyathid?] Kuraya n. gen. 2, Heft 5, Berlin and Jena. sphaerica n. sp. is described and figured as a sponge of family Octactinellidae, order Heteractinellida Ordovician Cyclocrinus spaskii Eichwald and from the Lenna zone of Upper Altai, river Balhash Coelosphaeridium n. gen. cyclocrinophilum n. sp. (pp. 134-137, figs. 1-2). (= Echinosphaerites pomum) from erratic boul- ders in eastern and central Europe are described Romanovskaya, L. V. and figured. Mastopora concava and Receptacu- lites are mentioned. See: Malchevskaya, T. M., L. V. Romanovskaya, 1888. Ueber die Gattungen Pasceolus und Cy- and P. N. Varfolomeev, 1966. clocrinus. Neues Jahrbuch fuer Mineralogie,

und Band 1 74- Geologie, Palaeontologie, , pp. Running, Knut 75. 1978. Kambrosilur-sedimentene; pp. 23-33. In Pasceolus Billings is a of Cyclocrinus synonym Bering, Birger, and Ragnar Olsen (eds.), Geo- Eichwald. Pasceolus is similar to C. billingsii spas- logisk Forer for Grenlend. Skien. kii. The spherical calcareous algae Coelosphaerid- See also: ium and Mastopora are characteristic fossils of the Bronn, H. G., and C. F. von Roemer, 1850- Middle Ordovician shale unit 4b. 1856. Arvo Roomusoks, | k.| Roemer, Friedrich Adolf 1956. Varia; pp. 53-54. In Kaljo, D., A. Oras- 1854. Beitraege zur geologischen Kenntniss des pold, A. Roomusoks, L. Sarv, and H. Stum- nortwestlichen Harzgebirges. Palaeonto- bur. Eesti NSV Ordoviitsiumi fauna minest- graphica, Band 3, pp. 1-67, 8 pis. ik. II. Keskordoviitsium. [List of the Ordovician fauna of the Estonian SSR. II. Receptaculites (Sphaeronitesl) rhombifer n. sp. Middle Ordovician.] Tartu: Eesti NSV Tea- from the Devonian Iberger Kalk in the north- duste Akadeemia, 64 pp. western Harz Mountains of Germany is described and illustrated (p. 30; pi. 4, fig. 21). Receptaculites Coelosphaeridium, C cyclocrinophilum, C. is found in the Devonian neptuni "Receptaculiten kohtlensis, Cyclocrinus, C. porosus, C. spasskii, Is- Schiefer" (p. VI). chadites, I. murchinsoni (= Tetragonis murchi- soni), Mastopora, M. concava, Receptaculites, and and Rogers, Wiley S., Margie Jackson, [Frank] R. orbis are listed from various Estonian Ordo- Kenneth McKinney vician localities as Varia [= undetermined?].

1 964. A new genus of sponge from the Middle Ordovician. Journal of Paleontology, vol. 38, See also:

no. 1, pp. 135-137, 5 text-figs. Ruumusoks, A., 1970.

A Calathium-like sponge occurs in the Middle Rose, J. N. Ordovician Odenville Limestone in Alabama (p. 136). 1967. The fossils and rocks of eastern Iowa.

1 Iowa Geological Survey Educational Series , Deette Rolfe, 147 pp., 20 pis., 63 text-figs.

1929. The Rock River of northern Il- country Receptaculites, a spongelike index fossil from linois. Illinois State Geological Survey Edu- the Prosser and Stewartville Members of the Or- cational no. 60 numerous illus. Series, 2, pp., dovician Galena Formation in Iowa, is figured (pp. 4, Receptaculites is illustrated (p. 43). 7-8, 35-36, 39, 43, 114-115; pi. fig. 3).

Romanenko, Elena Vasilevna Ross, Donald C.

1968. Kembriiskie gubki otrjada Heteractinel- 1966. Stratigraphy of some Paleozoic forma- lida Altaja. Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal, no. tions in the Independence Quadrangle, Inyo

2, 1968, pp. 134-137, 3 figs. County, California. United States Geological

160 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Survey, Professional Paper 396, 64 pp., 5 pis., United States. United States Geological Sur- 19 text-figs. vey Professional Paper 523-D, 43 pp., 1 1 pis.

A receptaculitid is listed from the Ordovician, Receptaculites oweni is found in dolomite of the Trentonian Johnson Spring Formation in Inyo Middle Ordovician Eureka Quartzite in the Arrow

County, California (p. 23). Canyon Range, Nevada (pi. 1 1).

Ross, Reuben James, Jr. See also: Barnes, H., 1967. 1951. Stratigraphy of the Garden City Forma- tion in northeastern Utah, and its trilobite faunas. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of 1970. Ordovician brachiopods, trilobites, and in eastern and central Nevada. Natural History, 6, 161 pp., 36 pis., 4 text- stratigraphy United States Professional figs. Geological Survey Paper, 639, 103 pp., 22 pis., 2 text-figs. Receptaculites is abundant in the Ordovician Garden City Formation in northeastern Utah (pp. Receptaculites is abundant at some horizons in 20, 23). the Antelope Valley Limestone of the Ordovician Pogonip Group in the Groom Range and the Lone 1957. Ordovician fossils from wells in the Wil- Mountain section of Nevada. Receptaculites sp. is liston Basin, eastern Montana. Bulletin of the found in the Copenhagen Formation south of United States Geological Survey, 1021-M, pp. Water Canyon in Horse Heaven Mountain quad- in the 439-510, pis. 37-44, text-figs. 67-69. rangle, Nevada, and Antelope Valley Lime- stone at the Lone Mountain section (pp. 12, 30, Upper Ordovician Receptaculites sp., R. cf. ow- 34, 37). eni, Cyclocrinites sp., and C. cf. intermedius are present in the Red River Formation or Bighorn 1 976a. Ordovician sedimentation in the western Dolomite of the Bighorn Group in the Williston United States; pp. 73-105, 11 text-figs. In Basin, eastern Montana (pp. 451-453, 457, 459, Bassett, M. G. (ed.), The Ordovician System: 462, 468-469). Middle to Upper Ordovician Cy- Proceedings ofa Palaeontological Association clocrinites is described (p. 488). Symposium, Birmingham, September 1974. University of Wales Press and National Mu- 1959. Brachiopod fauna of Saturday Mountain seum of Wales, Cardiff, 696 pp. Formation, southern Lemhi Range, Idaho.

United States Geological Survey Professional The alga (?) Receptaculites is found in Ordovi- Paper 294-L, pp. 441-461, pis. 54-56, 2 ta- cian, Cincinnatian, Middle Caradoc to Ashgill for- bles. mations in the western United States (p. 91).

Ordovician Receptaculites characterizes the Red See also: River and lower Bighorn Formations and the Ross, R. J., Jr., 1976b. Whitewood Dolomite (p. 443).

1964. Middle and Lower Ordovician forma- 1976b. Ordovician sedimentation in the west- ern United 11 tions in southernmost Nevada and adjacent States; pp. 109-134, text-figs. California. Bulletin of the United States Geo- In Hill, J. Gilmore (ed.), Geology of The Cordilleran Mountain As- logical Survey, 1 180-C, 101 pp., 1 pi., 12 text- Hingeline. Rocky sociation of 1976 figs., 1 table. Geologists— Symposium [Guidebook for the 27th Field Conference]. Ordovician Receptaculites from the Antelope Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists, Valley Limestone, the Group, and the Pogonip Denver, Colorado, 432 pp. Badger Flat Limestone of the Mazourka Group and R. oweni from the Ely Springs Dolomite are This is identical to Ross, R. J., Jr., 1 976a, except present in southernmost Nevada and adjacent Cal- for pagination. ifornia (pp. 10-12, 19, 38, 50-53, 55, 60, 66). See also:

1 967. Some Middle Ordovician brachiopods and Byers, F. M., Jr., H. Barnes, F. G. Poole, and trilobites from the Basin Ranges, western R.J. Ross, Jr., 1961.

NITECKJ ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 161 Ross, Reuben James, Jr., and J. Keith Ingham sher Bay, Baffin Land. Field Museum of Nat- 1970. Distribution of the Toquima-Table ural History, Geology Memoirs, vol. 2, 212 Head (Middle Ordovician Whiterock) fau- pp., 146 text-figs. nal realm in the northern hemisphere. Bul- Receptaculites Defrance of uncertain taxonomic letin of the Geological Society of America, position is described, and a relationship between vol. 81, pp. 393-408, 5 text-figs., 2 tables. Receptaculitidae and Archaeocyathinae is sug- is found in the Ordovician Ka- Receptaculites gested. Receptaculites spp. (resembling R. arcticus nosh Shale of the Ibex area in Utah (table 1). and Ischadites murchisoni) and R. (?) fieldi n. sp. are described and illustrated from the Ordovician, Ross, Reuben James, Jr., and Frederick C. Shaw Richmondian Silliman's Fossil Mount on Fro- bisher Baffin Land 1972. Distribution of the Middle Ordovician Bay, (p. 66, fig. 32). Receptac- ulites resembles Ischadites and Copenhagen Formation and its trilobites in (?) fieldi koenigii Receptaculites, R. occidentalis, R. oweni, Nevada. United States Geological Survey R.jonesi. R. pearyi, and Ischadites are discussed. Nidulites Professional Paper, 749, 33 pp., 8 pis., 3 text- gregarius is listed from the Ordovician Red River figs., 1 table. Formation in southern Manitoba. Receptaculites Ordovician from the Receptaculites sp. Copen- sp. and /. iowensis are figured (pp. 59-68, 177, Formation at and hagen Antelope Valley, Nevada, 182, 185, 193-195; text-figs. 29-33). from the dolomite unit of the Eureka Quartzite (Burns Creek sequence) in the Independence Rozanov, Alexei Yu. Mountains of Nevada is listed as a sponge (pp. 4, 9). See:

Zhuravleva, I. T., K. N. Konjuschkov, and Ross, Wayne Alexander A. Yu. Rozanov, 1964.

See:

Langenheim, R. L., Jr., J. A. Barnes, K. C. Ruddy, Thomas Delise, W. A. Ross, and J. M. Stanton, 1 956. 1885. List of Caradoc or Bala fossils found in the of Corwen and Rowley, Robert Roswell neighbourhood Bala, Glyn Ceiriog. Proceedings Chester Natural History 1908. The of Pike Missouri geology County. Society, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 1 13-124, 1 text-fig. Bureau of Geology and Mines Report, 2nd A rare Ischadites tessellatus Salter ser., vol. 8, 122 pp., 20 pis., 13 text-figs. very sponge MS; and an actinozoan Nebulipora lens McCoy [= The protozoans and R. Receptaculites globularis Coelosphaeridium sphaericuml] are listed from oweni are listed from the Ordovician Trenton [Ordovician] Caradoc or Bala Series, south of Limestone of Pike County, Missouri. The Trenton Llangollen, Bala District, in North Wales, U.K. is equated with the Kimmswick Limestone be- (P- H7). cause of the occurrence of Receptaculites (pp. 12, 14-16). Ruedemann, Paul Sharat Kumar Roy, 1939. Geology of the southern central lowlands 1932. Upper Canadian (Beekmantown) drift and Ouachita provinces; pp. 463-5 18, 6 text- fossils from Labrador. Field Museum of Nat- figs., 1 table, 1 chart. In Ruedemann, Rudolf, and Robert Balk der Erde. ural History, Geological Series, vol. 6, no. 2, (eds.), Geologie

1 . of North America. Ge- pp. 29-59, 2 pis., table. Volume Geology brueder Borntraeger, Berlin, 643 pp., 14 pis., The following Ordovician fossils are listed: Re- 53 text-figs. ceptaculites (pp. 42-43) and R. mammillaris (p. 43) from the Pogonip of White Pine district, Ne- A sponge, Calathium sp. (p. 485), from the Low- vada; and R. oweni Hall (p. 50) from the Trenton er Ordovician (Canadian) Ellenburger Limestone of King William Land. in the Ouachita province, and Ischadites iowensis from the Simpson Group of the Arbuckle Moun-

1 94 1 . The Upper Ordovician fauna of Frobi- tains are listed (p. 489).

162 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Ruedemann, Rudolf Receptaculidae may be calcareous algae (p. 2).

1 90 1 . Hudson River beds near Albany and their See: taxonomic equivalents. Bulletin of the New Clarke, J. M., and R. Ruedemann, 1903 and York State Museum (of Natural History), 42, 1904. pp. 489-596, 2 pis., 5 text-figs., 1 map.

Receptaculites is listed from the Trenton [Or- Ruumusoks [Roomusoks], Arvo K. dovician] near Albany, New York (p. 501). 1956. Biostratigraficheskoe razchlenenie or- doovika Estonskoi SSR. Eesti NSV Teaduste See also: Akadeemia. Geologia Instituudi Uurimused Ruedemann, R., 1902. I. (Akademia Nauk Estonskoi SSR, Trudy In-

stituta Geologii I), pp. 9-29, 3 tables. 1 902. Hudson River beds near Albany and their taxonomic equivalents. New York State Mu- Mastopora concava Eichwald is listed from the

seum, Annual Report 54 (for 1900), vol. 3, Middle Ordovician Idavere horizon in Estonia (p.

pp. 485-596, 2 pis., 1 map. 23).

This is identical to Ruedemann, R., 1901. 1957. Stratigrafija Kukruseskogo gorizonta (C„) Estonskoi SSR. Kukruse lademe (C„) strati- 1916. Paleontologic contributions from the New graafia Eesti NSV-S. Tartu Riikliku Ulikooli York State Museum. Bulletin of the New York Toimetised, vol. 46, pp. 101-129. State Museum (of Natural History), 189, 225

pp., 36 pis., 46 text-figs. Ordovician Coelosphaeridium is listed from bed VIII in the type Kukruse section in Estonia (p. Ischadites squamifer Hall is illustrated and com- 104). pared with Ischadites murchisoni Eichwald (pp. 9-

10, text-fig. 1). 1970. Stratigrafija viruskoi i harjuskoi serii (Or- dovik) severnoi Estonii. I. Tartuskii gosudar- 1925. The Utica and Lorraine Formations of stvennyi universitet. Valgus, Tallinn, 346 pp., New York. Part 2. Systematic paleontology. 17 tables, 55 figs. No. 1. Plants, sponges, corals, graptolites, crinoids, worms, bryozoans, brachiopods. The following Ordovician algae are listed from Bulletin of the New York State Museum (of various Estonian localities: Coelosphaeridium ex-

Natural History), 262, 171 pp., 13 pis., 75 cavatum Stolley possibly in three zones of Aseri text-figs. stage (p. 45), Receptaculites orbis (p. 67), and Re- ceptaculites sp. (pp. 51, 55-56) in Kallaste (= Ischadites circularis (Emmons), a problematic Phosphorit-Kalkstein) subhorizon of Lasnamagi member of the Receptaculitidae from the Lorraine (= Lasnamae) stage; in the Lasnamagi stage: Coe- Shale, is described and compared with /. iowensis losphaeridium excavatum Stolley, Mastopora odi- (P. 40). ni Stolley, and Receptaculites orbis Eichwald (p. 79); and in the Ubari zone, Coelosphaeridium (p. 1930. Geology of the Capital district (Albany, 110), and Coelosphaeridium sp. (p. 125). In the Cohoes, Troy and Schenectady Quadrangles) Kukruse (= Kukerski = Kuckerssche) stage the with a chapter on glacial geology by John H. following are listed: Coelosphaeridium (p. 1 28), C. Cook. Bulletin of the New York State Mu- kohtlense (p. 157), C. kohtlense Bekker and Is- seum (of Natural History), 285, 218 pp., 77 chadites sp. (p. 183). The following are listed in text-figs., map and sections. the Kurna subseries: Idavere (= Itfersche) horizon: The calcareous algae Ischadites and Receptac- Mastopora concava (pp. 1 86, 1 90), Ischadites mur- ulites are found in the Devonian New Scotland chisoni and M. concava (p. 193), Coelosphaerid- beds of New York State (p. 51). ium sp., Ischadites sp. (p. 194), /. murchisoni (p. 212), Coelosphaeridium sp., /. murchisoni (Eich- 1933. Camptostroma, a Lower Cambrian float- wald), and M. concava Eichwald (p. 221); in Oja- ing hydrozoan. Proceedings of the United maa (= Ojma) subhorizon: Coelosphaeridium sp. States National Museum, vol. 82, art. 13, pp. and /. murchisoni (p. 203); in Johvi (= Jewe'sche

= 1 1-8, pis. 1-4, 2 text-figs. Ihvicki): Mastopora concava (pp. 225, 23 , 249),

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 163 /. murchisoni (pp. 230-231, 249), Ischadites n. sp. vancement of Science; held at Ipswich in July (p. 249), Ischadites sp. (pp. 231, 249), Coelo- 1851. London, pp. 63-65. sphaeridium cyclocrinophilum Roemer (p. 249), Receptaculites, different from R. neptuni of Eu- Cyclocrinus porosus Stolley (p. 249), Cyclocrinus rope, is described from the Lower Silurian [Or- n. sp. (p. 249), and Receptaculites damesi Rauff = dovician], probably Trenton, of Allumette Island (p. 249); in Keila (= Kegelsche Keilaskii): Cy- on the Ottawa River (p. 64). clocrinus sp. (pp. 255, 257-258, 260, 262, 281, 298), Mastopora concava (pp. 264, 270, 273, 298), 1 859a. Figures and descriptions ofCanadian or- Cyclocrinus porosus (p. 273), and Ischadites sp. (p. ganic remains. Decade I. (Fossils from the 298); and in the Oandu (= Oandiskii) horizon Is- Calciferous, Chazy, and Trenton Formations chadites sp. (pp. 302-303, 324, 332). at Paquette Rapids and Allumette Island, Ot- tawa River, Pontiac County; and Beauhar- See also: nois, Beauharnois County, Quebec.) Geolog- Oraspold, A. L., and A. K. Ruumusoks, 1956. ical Survey of Canada, Separate Report 423, 47 pp., 10 pis. Sabina, A. P. The foraminifers Receptaculites occidentalis n. 1972. Rocks and minerals for the collector. La sp. from Paquette Rapids, Quebec, and R. aus- Flin Flon- Ronge-Creighton, Saskatchewan; tralis n. sp. from the Upper Silurian of Yarra- Manitoba. of Thompson, Geological Survey dong, New South Wales, are described and illus- Canada, Paper 71-27, 100 pp., 16 pis., 1 text- trated (pp. 45-47; pi. 1 0, figs. 1-10). Receptaculites 1 12 fig., table, maps. and R. neptuni are discussed.

Receptaculites is present in the Ordovician south See also: of Tramping Lake, Manitoba (p. 51). Salter, J. W., 1859b.

St. Clair, Stuart 1859b. Figures and Descriptions of Canadian See: Organic Remains. Decade I. Geological Sur- Weller, S., and S. St. Clair, 1928. vey of Canada. John Lowell, Montreal, 47 pp., 10 pis. Salisbury, Rollin D. This is identical to Salter, J. W., 1859a. See: Chamberlin, T. C, and R. D. Salisbury, 1905 1861. Appendix. Descriptions and lists of fos- 1 32-15 1 26. In [1907] and 1909. sils; pp. , pi. 2, text-fig. Howell, Henry Hyatt, and Archibald Geikie, The ge- of the of Salter, John William ology neighbourhood Edinburgh. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of Great 1851. List and description of the Silurian fossils Britain and the Museum of Practical Geol- of List of some of the Silurian Ayrshire [or ogy, 32, 151 pp. fossils of Ayrshire]. The Quarterly Journal of The calcareous sponge Amphispongia n. gen. ob- the Geological Society of London, vol. 7, part n. is described and illustrated and com- 1 longa sp. , Proceedings of the Geological Society, pp. pared with recent Grantia. Sphaerospongia n. gen. 170-178, pis. 8-10. is proposed for the Devonian Sphaeronites pomum. Silurian [Ordovician] Nidulitesfavus Salter from Amphispongia, Ischadites, Favospongia, Stroma- Llandeilo flags of Pembrokeshire and from Hav- topora, Tetragonis, and Receptaculites belong to erfordwest is described (pp. 174-175) as possibly the same family and illustrate the relationship be- a bryozoan or as eggs of gastropods. Specimens tween sponges and foraminifers (pp. 135-136). from the shaly sandstones in Mulloch Quarry,

Dalquharran, are figured (pi. 9, figs. 16-1 7b). See also: Mitchell, G. H., and others, 1962. 1852. Note on the fossils above mentioned, from the Ottawa River. Report of the twenty-first 1864. On some new fossils from the Lingula- meeting of the British Association for the Ad- flags of Wales. Quarterly Journal of the Geo-

164 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY logical Society [London], vol. 20, pp. 233- Sandberg, Philip A.

241, pi. 13, 3 text-figs. 1967. Stereogram Book of Fossils. Photographs Amphispongia, a Silurian sponge from the Pent- of Invertebrate Fossils in Three Dimensions, land Hills of Edinburgh, Ischadites, and Tetra- for Stereoscope Viewing in Geology, Paleon- gonis are mentioned (pp. 238-239). tology, Biology. T. N. Hubbard Scientific Co.,

Northbrook, Illinois, 1 12 pp., 296 text-figs. 1866. Appendix. On the fossils of North Wales. Ordovician Receptaculites sp. from Missouri and Memoirs of the Geological Survey of Great Heiskellites nitidus from Britain and the Museum of Practical Geol- [nom. nud.] [nom. nud.] Virginia are illustrated as Porifera (pp. 14-15). ogy, vol. 3, pp. 239-363, 19 text-figs., 26 pis.

The Ischadites from Llandeilo sponge sp. Upper Sandberger, Fridoiin rocks (Llandeilo flag proper) in Gam, east of Ar- See: enig in North Wales, and a similar form from the F. 1850- Caradoc of Sweden are listed. Ischadites antiquus Sandberger, G., and Sandberger, 1856. n. sp. from Upper Llandeilo in the Arenig Moun- tains is described and figured as an amorphozoan and Fridoiin (pp. 258-259, 282, fig. 4). Sandberger, Guido, Sandberger

1850-1856. Systematische Beschreibung und 1873. A Catalogue of the Collection of Cam- Abbildung der Versteinerungen des Reinisch- brian and Silurian Fossils Contained in the en Schichtensystemes in Nassau. Wiesbaden, Geological Museum of the University of 546 pp., 1 map; Atlas, 38 pi. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 204 pp., numerous text-figs. The Middle Devonian "proboscis of a crinoid" [Sphaerospongia tessellata Whiteaves 1 892, p. 259] Upper Cambrian [Ordovician] Sphaerospongia, from Germany is described, figured, and com- Ischadites, and Nidulites (?) and Silurian Ischa- pared with Sphaerospongia tessellata (pp. 384-385, dites, Pasceolus, and Tetragonis are listed as 2 figs.). Amorphozoa (p. xli). The following are listed: Sphaerospongia hospitalis, Ischadites (?) micro- Sanford, John T. pora n. sp., and Ischadites (?) sp. from the [Or- dovician] Middle Bala Group; Nidulites from the 1978. The stratigraphy of the Manitoulin Island [Ordovician] Llandovery Group; N.favus from the area. Geology of the Manitoulin Area, in- [Ordovician] Upper Bala Group; Ischadites ko- cluding the Road Log to the Michigan Basin enigi from the Silurian Wenlock Shale; and Pas- Geological Society Field Trip, September 29, ceolus from the Si- goughii and Tetragonis danbyi 30, and October 1, 1978. Michigan Basin lurian Upper Ludlow. A representative of each Geological Society Special Paper, no. 3, pp. is genus figured (pp. 40, 72, 100, 175-176). 31-41, 8 text-figs.

of uncertain taxonomic Salter, John William, and Henry Francis Blanford Receptaculites, position, is a common fossil in the Ordovician Bobcaygeon 1865. of Niti in the Northern Palaeontology Formation, Cloche Island beds, on Manitoulin Is- Himalaya: Being Descriptions and Figures of land, Ontario (p. 34). the Palaeozoic and Secondary Fossils Col- lected Colonel Richard R.E. O. by Strachey, Sardeson, Frederick W. T. Cutter, Military Orphan Press, Calcutta, 1891. Silurian formations of Wis- 112 pp., 23 pis., 1 text-fig. The Lower consin and Minnesota compared. Bulletin of The sponges Sphaerospongia n. gen., S. melli- the Minnesota Academy of Natural Sciences, flua (pi. 5, figs. 4-6), and S. inosculans (pi. 5, figs. vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 319-326. 7-9) are described from the Lower Silurian [Or- dovician] of Niti, Northern India. Ischadites, Re- Receptaculites occurs in the upper limit of the ceptaculites, Amphispongia, Nidulites, and Sphae- Zygospira bed in the [Ordovician] Trenton shales ronites pomum Phillips are mentioned as sponges at St. Paul, Minnesota (p. 323). (pp. 47-49). [From the text it appears certain that

Salter is sole author of these descriptions.] 1 896. The fauna of the Magnesian Series. Bul-

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 165 letin of the Minnesota Academy of Natural 1906. Geology of Jackson County. Iowa Geo- Sciences, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 92-105, pis. 5-6. logical Survey. Volume 16. Annual Report, 1905, with Accompanying Papers. Iowa Geo- A Receptaculites-like structure from the Ordo- logical Survey, Des Moines, Iowa, pp. 563- vician Shakopee Dolomite of Minnesota is figured 648, text-figs. 64-78, 2 maps. (pi. 6, fig. 13). Receptaculites oweni is characteristic of the Or- dovician Galena Dolomite in 1897. The Galena and Maquoketa series. The Jackson County, Iowa Cerionites is found American Geologist; a Monthly Journal of (pp. 595-596). dactylioides in the Silurian Limestone in Jackson Geology and Allied Sciences, vol. 19, no. 1, Niagara pp. 21-35. County (pp. 615-616, 618).

The Ordovician Galena Dolomite is character- 1 908a. Lower Paleozoic stratigraphy of south- a oweni zone ized by Receptaculites (pp. 23, 35). western Illinois. Illinois State Geological Sur- Ischadites is in the Ordovician present Maquoketa vey Bulletin 8, Yearbook for 1907, pp. 103- series in northeastern Iowa, Minnesota, and Illi- 116. nois (p. 22). Receptaculites oweni is common throughout the Ordovician Galena Limestone in southwestern Il- 1907. Galena series. Bulletin of the Geological linois (p. 109). Society of America, vol. 18, pp. 179-194, 2 text-figs. See also:

Receptaculites oweni Hall, which resembles Savage, T. E., 1908b. Coscinopora sulcata Goldfuss, is a common index fossil for the Ordovician Galena Formation of Il- 1 908b. On the Lower Paleozoic stratigraphy of linois and Wisconsin (pp. 185-186, 188). southwestern Illinois. American Journal of Science, 4th ser., vol. 25, no. 149, pp. 431- 1916. Description of the Minneapolis and St. 443. Paul district. Atlas of the United Geologic Receptaculites oweni is abundant in the Ordo- United States Min- States, Geological Survey, vician Galena Formation of southwestern Illinois neapolis-St. Paul folio, Minnesota, no. 201, (pp. 432, 443). 14 pp., 22 pis., 14 text-figs., 8 maps.

See also: Receptaculites oweni Hall is a characteristic fos- T. 1908a. sil in the Ordovician Galena Dolomite of the Min- Savage, E., neapolis-St. Paul district. 1909. The Ordovician and Silurian forma- tions in Alexander County, Illinois. American See also: Journal of Science, 4th ser., vol. 28, pp. 509- Hall, C. W., and F. W. Sardeson, 1892. 519.

Sarv, L. Receptaculites oweni is found in the Ordovician Kimmswick Limestone of southwestern Illinois (p. See: 511). Polma, L., L. Sarv, and L. Hints, 1977.

See also:

Savage, Thomas Edmund Foerste, A. F., and T. E. Savage, 1927.

1905. Geology of Fayette County. Iowa Geo- Savage, Thomas Edmund, and Francis M. Van logical Survey. Volume 15. Annual Report, Tuyl 1 904, with Accompanying Papers. Iowa Geo- logical Survey, Des Moines, Iowa, pp. 433- 1919. Geology and stratigraphy of the area of 546, text-figs. 33-51, 2 maps. Paleozoic rocks in the vicinity of Hudson and James Bays. Bulletin of the Geological Society Receptaculites oweni Hall and Ischadites iowen- of America, vol. 30, pp. 339-378, pis. 1 1-13. sis Owen are found in the Ordovician Galena-

Trenton stage in Fayette County, Iowa (p. 462). Receptaculites oweni is common in the Middle

166 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Ordovician Nelson River Limestone along the men. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Nelson River near the Upper Limestone Rapids, Gesellschaft, Band 39, pp. 1-26, pis. 1-2. the Galena Limestone of the Upper Mississippi Receptaculitids are non-sessile sponges. Scyphia Valley, and the Trenton Limestone of the Lake cornu copiae Goldfuss contains two taxa of which Winnipeg region (pp. 344, 347-349). Cerionites one is a receptaculitid. Sphaerospongia is a recep- sp. is found in the [Upper] Ordovician Sham- taculitid distinct from Receptaculites. Sphaero- mattawa Limestone along the Shammattawa Riv- spongia cornu copiae (= Scyphia cornu copiae er (p. 350). Goldfuss 1832 and 1848 = Receptaculites cornu copiae Goldfuss(?) and Bronn and Roemer 1856), Schaeffer, Frederick E. 5. sculpta n. sp., S. vichtensis n. sp., S. mega- 1960. Stratigraphy of the Silver Island Moun- rhaphis n. sp., and Receptaculites eifeliensis n. sp. tains; pp. 15-113, text-figs. 2-15. In Schaeffer, are described and illustrated. S. rathi (= Pasceolus = Frederick E. (ed.), Geology ofthe Silver Island rathi Kayser 1875 Polygonosphaerites rathi Mountains, Box Elder and Tooele Counties, Roemer 1880 = Sphaerospongia tessellata Hinde = Utah, and Elko County, Nevada. Utah Geo- 1884 Dictyophyton gerolsteinense Roemer 1883), logical Society, Guidebook, no. 15, 192 pp. S. cf. gerolsteinensis (= Dictyophyton gerolstein- ense Roemer 1883), and Acanthochonia devonica Receptaculites sp. is found in the Kanosh Shale n. sp. are described. Pasceolus, P. halli, Sphae- of the Ordovician Pogonip Group in the Silver rospongia, Sphaeronites tesselatus, Ischadites, Re- Island Range of northwestern Utah (pp. 42, 45). ceptaculites, R. neptuni, Acanthochonia, A. bar- randei, Tetragonis, and T. eifeliensis are mentioned. Schei, Per

1904. Appendix I. Preliminary account of the 1887b. Ueber ein neues Exemplar von Acan- geological investigations made during the sec- thochonia barrandei. Niederrheinischen Ge- ond Norwegian Polar Expedition in the 'Fram'; sellschaft fuer Natur- und Heilkunde zu Bonn. pp. 455-466, map. In Sverdrup, Otto, New Sitzungsberichte. Bonn, Band 6, p. 128. Land. Four Years in the Arctic Regions A pear-shaped Acanthochonia barrandei is de- (translated by Ethel Harriet Hearn). Volume scribed. 2. Longmans, Green, and Co., London, 504 pp., numerous text-figs., 2 maps. [Original Schmidt, Friedrich version not seen.]

1 857. Untersuchungen ueber die Silurische For- Receptaculites sp. occurs in the Devonian Series mation von Ehstland, Nord-Livland und Db of Ellesmere Land (p. 459). Oesel. Erste Abteilung. I. Historischer Teil. II. Geognostische Uebersicht nebst einem Schlotheim, Ernst Friedrich von Anhange ueber neuere Bildungen im Silur- 1820. Die Petrefactenkunde auf ihrem jetzigen ischen Gebiete. Dorpat, 94 pp. Standpunkte durch die Beschreibung seiner This is the first part of Schmidt, F., 1858a. Sammlung versteinerter und fossiler Ueber- reste des Thier- und Pflanzenreichs der Vor- 1858a. Untersuchungen ueber die Silurische welt erlaeutert. Gotha, 437 pp., Atlas, pis. 15- Formation von Nord-Livland und 29. Ehstland, Oesel. Archiv fuer die Naturkunde Liv-, Ehst- Escharites forniculosus (= Eschara forniculosa und Kurlands. Erste Serie, Bd. II, pp. 1-248, Pall.) from the Ordovician of Reval, Estonia, is 1 map. described (p. 343). [Escharites is a bryozoan genus, The following are listed from various Estonian but E. forniculosus is identical to Receptaculites Ordovician horizons: Receptaculites Eichwald (p. orbis Eichwald (Roemer, 1854, p. 158; Patrunky, 49); Cyclocrinites spasskii Eichw. (pp. 50, 99-101, 1927, p. 183).] 103, 106-107, 118, 120, 123, 128, 136);/?. infun- dibulum Schrenk (p. 233); Receptaculites orbis (pp. Schlueter, Clemens August Joseph 93, 125-126, 129); R. Eichwaldi (pp. 98-99, 101, 1 887a. Ueber Scyphia oder Receptaculites cornu 104-106, 108); and Receptaculites sp. (pp. 121, copieae Goldf. sp. und einige verwandte For- 144). The following Estonian Ordovician corals

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 167 are described: Receptaculites orbis Eichw. Zone 1 concava, and Cyclocrinus spaskii are listed from (4 localities); R. ? eichwaldi n. sp. from Jewe stage various [Ordovician] localities in the Baltic region

(9 localities); Receptaculites sp. from Jewe stage ( 1 (pp. 26, 31-35). locality); Cyclocrinites spasskii Eich. from Brand- schiefer stage (2 localities), from Jewe (6 localities); Schmitt, Joseph zone 2 (4 localities), and from Lyckholm stage (2 1 904. Monographic de file Anticosti (Golfe Saint localities) (pp. 232-233). Laurent). Librairie Scientifique A. Hermann, Paris, 370 pp. 1858b. Untersuchungen ueber die Silurische Formation von Ehstland, Nord-Livland und Receptaculites insularis Billings, an Ordovician Oesel. Archiv fuer die Naturkunde Liv-, Ehst- protozoan, is listed from Anticosti Island. und Kurlands. Erste Serie, Mineralogie, Chemie, Physik. Dorpat, Band 2, 247 pp., 1 Scholten, G. H. map. 1935. Over Algen en silurische Kalksteen. Na- Lower Silurian [Ordovician] Receptaculites or- ture, Groningen, Jahrbuch 1935, no. 1 (436), bis Eichwald, R. (?) eichwaldi n. sp. (= Ischadites pp. 18-19. koenigi Eichwald 1855b) and Cyclocrinites spaskii The algae Coelosphaeridium cyclocrinophilum Eichwald are described from the Baltic area. Nid- and C spaskii are listed from Silurian [Ordovi- ulitesfavus Salter and Mastopora concava are list- cian] limestones of the Twenthe region, Nether- ed from the same region (pp. 232-233). lands.

1858c. ueber die Silurische Untersuchungen Schrenk, Alexander Gustav Formation von Ehstland, Nord-Livland und See: Oesel. Heinrich Laakmann, Dorpat, 250 pp., 1854. 1 map. Anonymous,

This is identical to Schmidt, F., 1858a, except Schuchert, Charles for pagination. 1900a. Lower Devonic aspect of the Lower and Bul- 1858d. Untersuchungen ueber die Silurische Helderberg Oriskany Formations. letin of the of Formation von Ehstland, Nord-Livland und Geological Society America, vol. 1 numerous tables. Oesel. Dorpat, 250 pp. 1, pp. 241-332,

Receptaculites n. sp., R. This is identical to Schmidt, F., 1858a. infundibuliformis (Ea- ton), and Ischadites squamifer (Hall) are sponges from the Devonian New Scotland beds of New 1 858e. Results ofan examination of the Silurian York (p. 278). Ischadites squamifer is also found rocks of Esthonia, Northern Livonia, and the in Tennessee. Isle of Oesel, made in the years from 1853 to 1856. The Quarterly Journal ofthe Geological 1900b. On the Lower Silurian (Trenton) fauna Society of London, vol. 14, pp. 43-49. of Baffin Land. Proceedings of the United The Silurian [Ordovician] Receptaculites orbis States Museum, vol. 22, no. 1192, pp. 143— is Eichw. listed from calcareous flagstones or "Ple- 177, pis. 12-14. ta," and Cyclocrinites Spaskii Eichw. from the Sec- Receptaculites arcticus Etheridge, R. occiden- ond Limestone in Estonia (p. 46). tal Salter (= (?) R. oweni), and R. oweni from Baffin Land are Lower Silurian [Ordovician] ho- 1881. Revision der Ostbaltischen Silurischen rizon markers (pp. 147-151). Lower Silurian [Or- Trilobiten nebst geognostischer Uebersicht des dovician] R. oweni Hall and Ischadites iowaensis Ostbaltischen Silurgebiets. Abtheilung I. [sic] (Owen) are described. Receptaculites n. sp. (= Phacopiden, Cheiruriden und Encrinuriden. (?) R. oweni) and Silurian R. neptuni Defrance and Memoires de l'Academie Imperiale des Sci- R. oweni from Baffin Land are listed (pp. 147, 149, ences de St. Petersbourg, VII Series, vol. 30, 151-153). no. 1, 238 pp., 16 pis.

Receptaculites orbis, R. eichwaldi, Mastopora 1905. Receptaculites neptuni Defrance, 1827.

168 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Palaeontologia Universalis, Centuria I, ser. George series and Calathium fittoni from the Mid-

2, fasc. 1, pp. 91, 91a [103]. Congres Geolo- dle Ordovician Table Head series in western New- gique International, Laval. foundland are listed (pp. 54, 68).

The types [lost during World War II] of Recep- Schuchert, Charles, and William H. Twenhofel tacules (= Receptaculites) neptuni Defrance 1827 are described and figured. The original diagnoses 1910. Ordovicic-Siluric section of the Mingan of Defrance 1827 and Blainville [1830] are repro- and Anticosti Islands, Gulf of St. Lawrence. duced. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, vol. 21, pp. 677-716. 1943. Stratigraphy of the Eastern and Central Pasceolus from the Silurian Gun River For- United States. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New mation, P. halli Billings and Pasceolus sp. from York, New York, 1013 pp., 78 charts. the Ordovician Ellis Bay Formation, and Ischa- [Receptaculitids] listed by state, age, and for- dites from the Ordovician Mingan Formation are mation include: Receptaculites, R. occidentalis, R. found on the Mingan and Anticosti Islands in the biconstrictus, R. brevistriatus (Raymond MS), R. Gulf of St. Lawrence (p. 692, 702-703, 709-710). oweni, R. arcticus (?), Nidulites, N. pyriformis, Pas- ceolus claudei, P. darwini, Ischadites iowensis, and Schulze, Franz I .. Willy Kuekenthal, Karl Heider, Calathium. All are Middle Ordovician, except for and Richard Hesse Upper Ordovician Pasceolus claudei and P. dar- 1926-1954. Nomenclator Animalium Gener- wini, and Lower Ordovician Calathium (pp. 47, um et Subgenerum. 5 Volumes [vol. 1 (1926), 140-141, 195, 214-215, 250, 252, 318, 323, 358, vol. 2 ( 1 929), vol. 3 ( 1 932), vol. 4 ( 1 935), vol. 476-477, 508, 554, 598, 625, 669, 724-726, 746, 5 (1954)], (Kuhlgatz, Theodore, ed.). Preus- 775,846, 874,909-911). sischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Ber- lin, 3716 pp. See also: Winchell, N. H., and C. Schuchert, 1893 and Original references to the following are listed: 1895. Amphispongia Salter (vol. l,p. l4S),Anomaloides

Ulrich (vol. 1, p. 194), Acanthoconia Sollas pro

Schuchert, Charles, William Healey Dall, Timo- Acanthochonia Hinde (vol. 1, p. 12), Cerionites thy W. Stanton, and Ray S. Bassler Meek and Worthen (vol. 2, p. 608), Coelosphae- ridium Roemer (vol. 2, p. 750), Cyclocrinites Eich- 1905. Catalogue of the type specimens of fossil wald (vol. 2, p. 872), Dictuocrinites (Conrad MS) invertebrates in the Department of Geology, Hall (vol. 2, p. 988), Dictyocrinus Hall (vol. 2, p. United States National Museum. Bulletin of 989), Ischadites Lonsdale in Murchison (vol. 3, p. the United States National Museum, 53, part 1688), Lepidolites Ulrich (vol. 3, p. 1798), Mas- I, 704 pp. topora Eichwald (vol. 3, p. 1982), Nipterella Hinde

The following Ordovician type specimens are (vol. 4, p. 226 1), Pasceolus Billings (vol. 4, p. 2542), housed in the U.S. National Museum: Anoma- Receptacules Defrance (vol. 5, p. 3005), Recep- loides reticulatus Ulrich (= Anomalospongia retic- taculites Blainville (vol. 5, p. 3005), Sphaerospon- ulata) from the Lorraine Formation and Lepido- gia Pengelly (vol. 5, p. 323 1), Sphaeronites Phillips lites elongatus Ulrich (= L. dickhauti) from the (vol. 5, p. 3230), Tetragonis Eichwald (vol. 5, p. Utica Formation, both at Covington, Kentucky; 3426), Tettragonis Eichwald (vol. 5, p. 3434). Receptaculites ellipticus Walcott, R. elongatus Walcott, and R. mammillaris (Newberry) Walcott Schwartz, George M. from the Upper Pogonip Group of Nevada (pp. 1936. The geology of the Minneapolis-St. Paul 50, 350, 565). metropolitan area. Minnesota Geological Survey Bulletin 27, 267 pp., 7 pis., 45 text- Schuchert, Charles, and Carl O. Dunbar figs., maps, tables, appendix. 1934. Stratigraphy of western Newfoundland. An Ordovician sponge (?) Receptaculites oweni, Geological Society of America Memoir, 1, 123 is listed from the Decorah Shale and Galena (Pros- pp., 1 1 pis., 8 text-figs. ser) Limestone in Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minne- Receptaculites from the Lower Ordovician St. sota (pp. 55-56).

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 169 Schwartz, George M., and George A. Thiel The holothurian (?) of Opitz (1932) is a recep- taculitid to be redescribed in the future (p. 66). 1954. Minnesota's rocks and waters. A geolog- ical story. Minnesota Geological Survey Bul- Sellards, Elias Howard letin, vol. 37, 366 pp., 161 illus., tables, glos- sary. 1932. The pre-Paleozoic and Paleozoic systems in Texas. University of Texas Bulletin, no. Receptaculites is figured from the Middle Or- 3232, part 1, pp. 15-238, 6 pis., 12 dovician Galena Limestone (pp. 131-132). text-figs.

The sponges Calathium sp. from the Lower Or- Harold W. Scott, dovician El Paso Formation and the Jefferson City See: equivalent (?) of the Ellenburger Group and Re- from the Ordovician Hansman, R. H., and H. W. Scott, 1967. ceptaculites Upper Montoya Formation are found in Texas (pp. 72, 74-75). Scott, William Berryman Selwyn, Alfred R. C. 1927. An Introduction to Geology, 2nd ed. The Macmillan Co., New York, New York, 816 1885. Summary reports of operations for 1883. pp., 17 pis., 310 text-figs. [1st and 3rd (1932) Geological Survey of Canada Report of Prog- editions not seen.] ress, 1882-1883-1884, part 1, pp. 1-24.

Receptaculites fungosus Hall is illustrated as an Receptaculites occidentalis Salter occurs in the

Ordovician sponge (pi. 4, fig. 4). Trenton Limestone of Ottawa, Ontario (p. 1 9).

Scudder, Samuel H. Semeniuk, Vic

1882. Nomenclator Zoologicus. An alphabetical 1970. The Lower-Middle Palaeozoic stratigra- list of all generic names that have been em- phy of the Bowan Park Area, Central-Western ployed by naturalists for Recent and fossil New South Wales. Journal and Proceedings, animals from the earliest times to the close Royal Society of New South Wales, vol. 103, of the 1 879. Bulletin of the United States year pp. 15-30, 5 text-figs., 2 pis. Museum, 19; Part 1, Supplemental List, 376 The Ordovician algae Ischadites, and /. cf. lind- pp.; Part 2, Universal Index, 340 pp. stroemi are listed (pp. 16, 18-20) and figured (pi. This is an list of known alphabetical generic 1, figs. 2-3; pi. 2, fig. 2) from the "Ischadites unit" names in to zoology and paleontology 1879 [in- of the Daylesford Formation, Bowan Park Group cluding receptaculitids]. in the Bowan Park Area in Central-Western New South Wales, Australia. Segonzac, Genevieve

See: 1 972. The stratigraphy ofthe Bowan Park Group, New South Wales. Journal and Bassoullet, J.-P., P. Bernier, R. Deloffre, P. Proceedings, of New South vol. Genot, M. Jaffrezo, A.-F. Poignant, and G. Royal Society Wales, 105, 2 2 Segonzac, 1975 and 1977. pp. 77-85, text-figs., tables.

The large dasycladacean alga Ischadites is listed Seilacher, Adolf in the Ordovician, Bowan Park Group, Daylesford 1961a. Echte und falsche Holothurien aus dem Formation in the Bowan Park area in New South Australia Hunrueckschiefer [abstr.]. Palaeontologische Wales, (pp. 79-80, 82). Zeitschrift, Band 35, nos. 1-2, pp. 5-6. 1973. Nearshore to offshore facies and deposi- The "holothurian" of Opitz (1932) is Receptac- tional history of the Ordovician Daylesford ulites (p. 5). Limestone, New South Wales. Journal of the Geological Society of Australia, vol. 20, part 1961b. Holothurien im Hunsrueckschiefer (Un- 4, pp. 449-463, 20 text-figs. ter-Devon). Notizblatt des Hessischen Lan- desamtes fur Bodenforschung zu Wiesbaden, The dasycladacean alga Ischadites occurs in the Band 89, pp. 66-72, pis. 10-11,1 text-fig. Manooka Limestone member of the Ordovician

170 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Daylesford Limestone in central western New al, and inventory. Proceedings of the Indiana South Wales (p. 459). Academy of Science, vol. 83 (for 1973), pp. 301-315. Semeniuk, Vic, and John G. Byrnes Middle Silurian Receptaculites sp. is present in 1971. Occurrence and significance of Ischadites the interreef facies of the Salamonie Dolomite and Murchison in Ordovician limestones at Bow- in the reef facies of the Liston Creek Member of an Park, New South Wales. Journal of the the Wabash Formation in Indiana (p. 309). Geological Society of Australia, vol. 18, part 3, pp. 235-241, pis. 9-10, text-figs. 1-2. 1974b. Silurian reefs of northern Indiana: reef and interreef macrofaunas. Bulletin of the Ischadites lindstroemi Hinde 1 884 from the Or- American Association of Petroleum Geolo- dovician Daylesford Formation of central western gists, vol. 58, no. 6, pp. 934-956, 10 text-figs. New South Wales is described and illustrated. It inhabited a shallow, off-shore, lime-mud environ- Receptaculitids are present in Silurian, Niaga- ment; it is compared to /. lindstroemi from the ran reef and nonreef facies in northern Indiana

Silurian of Gotland and to /. koenigi, I. struszi, I. (figs. 5, 8). mammillaris, and /. iowensis. Ischadites belongs to the "problematical" family Receptaculitaceae, See also: which is related to the dasycladaceous algae. Shaver, R. H., 1975.

Sepkoski, J. John, Jr. 1975. Silurian reefs of northern Indiana: reef and interreef macrofaunas. Silurian reefs of 1979. A kinetic model of Phanerozoic taxo- Great Lakes region of North America. Amer- nomic diversity. II. Early Phanerozoic fami- ican Association of Petroleum Geologists. lies and multiple equilibria. Paleobiology, vol. Reprint Series, no. 14, pp. 221-243, 10 text- 5, no. 3, pp. 222-251, 1 1 text-figs., 2 appen- figs. dices.

This is identical to Shaver, R. H., 1974b. Receptaculitids, which may have affinities to algae, and Archaeata are mentioned (p. 230). Shaver, Robert H., Curtis H. Ault, William I. Au- sich, John B. Droste, Alan S. Horowitz, W. Seward, Albert Charles Calvin James, Saleh M. Okla, Carl B. 1931. Plant Life Through the Ages. A Geological Rexroad, Diane M. Suchomel, and James R. and Botanical Retrospect. The Macmillan Co., Welch New York, New York; Cambridge University 1978. The search for a Silurian reef model: Great Press, Cambridge; 601 pp., 140 text-figs. Lakes area. Indiana Geological Survey, Spe- The Ordovician alga Cyclocrinus is discussed (p. cial Report 15, 36 pp., 23 text-figs. 107). Receptaculitids are part of the reef fauna in the Silurian Liston Creek and Mississinewa Members Shaffer, Paul R. of the Wabash Formation in northern Indiana (p.

See: 9, fig. 9). Cyclocrinites beds occur in a reef in the Rhodes, F. H. T., H. S. Zim, and P. R. Shaffer, Early Silurian Llandoverian Hopkinton Dolomite

1962a, 1962b, 1965a, 1965b, and 1970. of Dubuque County, Iowa (p. 12, fig. 1 1).

Shank, S. E. Shaw, Eugene Wesley

>3CC. See:

Langenheim, R. L., Jr., F. T. Barr, S. E. Shank, Trowbridge, A. C, and E. W. Shaw, 1916. L. J. Stensaas, and E. C. Wilson, 1960. Shaw, Eugene Wesley, and Arthur C. Trowbridge Shaver, Robert H. 1916. Description of the Galena and Elizabeth 1974a. The Niagaran (Middle Silurian) mac- Quadrangles. United States Geological Sur- ro fauna of northern Indiana: review, apprais- vey Atlas, Galena-Elizabeth Folio, Illinois-

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 171 Iowa, no. 200, 13 pp., 13 pis., 9 text-figs., 4 1873e. Geology of Winnebago County. Geo- maps. logical Survey of Illinois. Volume 5. Geology and Palaeontology. Published by authority of Receptaculites oweni is figured from upper and the Legislature of Illinois, Springfield, Illinois, lower Receptaculites zones in the Ordovician Ga- pp. 82-94. lena Limestone of northwestern Illinois (pp. 4-5, pi. 12). Receptaculites sulcata is the only abundant fossil in the Lower Silurian [Ordovician] Galena Lime- Shaw, Frederick C. stone Member of the Trenton Formation in Win-

nebago County, Illinois (p. 88). See: Hansman, R. H., F. C. Shaw, and W. A. Pet- 1873f. of Boone tyjohn, 1962. Geology County. Geological of Illinois. Volume 5. and Ross, R. J., Jr., and F. C. Shaw, 1972. Survey Geology Palaeontology. Published by authority of the Shaw, James Legislature of Illinois, Springfield, Illinois, pp. 95-103. 1873a. Geology of northwestern Illinois. Geo- sulcata is characteristic logical Survey of Illinois. Volume 5. Geology Receptaculites of the and Palaeontology. Published by the author- Lower Silurian [Ordovician] Galena Limestone of the in ity of the Legislature of Illinois, Springfield, Member Trenton Formation Boone Illinois Illinois, pp. 1-24. County, (p. 99).

Receptaculites sulcata is a characteristic coral of 1873g. Geology of Lee County. Geological Sur- the Lower Silurian [Ordovician] Galena Lime- vey of Illinois. Volume 5. Geology and Pa- stone of northwestern Illinois (p. 1 7). laeontology. Published by authority of the Legislature of Illinois, Springfield, Illinois, 1873b. Geology of Jo Daviess County. Geolog- pp. 124-139. ical Survey of Illinois. Volume 5. Geology and Published of Palaeontology. by authority Receptaculites oweni (= Coscinopora sulcata) and the of Legislature Illinois, Springfield, Illinois, R. globularis occur in the Galena Limestone Mem- 25-56. pp. ber of the [Ordovician] Trenton Limestone in Lee Illinois Receptaculites oweni, a characteristic Lower Si- County, (p. 133). lurian [Ordovician] fossil, is less abundant in Jo Daviess County than in adjacent counties of 1873h. Geology of Whiteside County. Geolog- northern Illinois (p. 37). ical Survey of Illinois. Volume 5. Geology and Palaeontology. Published by authority of

1 873c. Geology of Stephenson County. Geolog- the Legislature of Illinois, Springfield, Illinois, ical Survey of Illinois. Volume 5. Geology pp. 140-166. and Palaeontology. Published by authority of Receptaculites orbicularis is mentioned from the the Legislature of Illinois, Springfield, Illinois, [Ordovician] Galena Limestone of Whiteside pp. 57-74. County, Illinois (p. 155). Receptaculites sulcata and R. orbicularis are found in the Lower Silurian Galena [Ordovician] Shearsby, A. J. Limestone in Stephenson County, Illinois (p. 69). 1912. The geology of the Yass district. Report 1873d. Geology of Carroll County. Geological of the Thirteenth Meeting of the Australasian Survey of Illinois. Volume 5. Geology and Association for the Advancement of Science. Palaeontology. Published by authority of the Held at Sydney, 1 9 1 1 . W. E. Smith, Ltd., Syd- Legislature of Illinois, Springfield, Illinois, ney, pp. 106-119, pis. 3-8. pp. 75-81. Receptaculites australis Salter (?) and Ischadites Receptaculites sulcata is characteristic of the lindstroemi Hinde occur in the Silurian Barran- Lower Silurian [Ordovician] Galena Limestone in della shales (Hume beds) of the Yass district, Aus-

Carroll County, Illinois (p. 77). tralia (p. 1 1 5).

172 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Shergold, J. H. A calcareous red alga, Goldsonia n. gen. burn- tensis n. sp. [Ischadites burntensis] is described and See: illustrated from the Silurian Pike Arm Formation Walter, M. R., J. H. Shergold, M. D. Muir, of northern Newfoundland (pp. 245, 247; pi. 27, and P. D. Kruse, 1979. figs. 2-4).

Shimanskii, V. N. 1953. Principles of Invertebrate Paleontology, See: 2nd ed. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York,

Drushchits, V. V., G. G. Astrova, R. L. Merk- New York, 816 pp., numerous text-figs.

lin, and V. N. Shimanskii, 1962. Receptaculites and Ischadites, problematic or- ganisms related to the Porifera, are characteristic Shimer, Hervey W. of the lower and middle Paleozoic (pp. 92-95). See: Receptaculites, R. oweni, and Ischadites iowensis

Grabau, A. W., and H. W. Shimer, 1906a, are illustrated (p. 93, figs. 3-13-3-14). 1906b, 1909, and 1910. Shumard, Benjamin Franklin Shimer, Hervey W., and Robert R. Shrock 1 860. Observations on the geology of the Coun- 1 944. Index Fossils ofNorth America. John Wi- ty of Ste. Genevieve, being an extract from a ley and Sons, New York, New York, 837 pp., report made to the Missouri Geological Sur- 303 pis. vey, in 1859. Transactions of the Academy

of Science of St. Louis, vol. 1, pp. 404-415, Receptaculites Blainville, R. occidentalis Salter, pi. 11. R. oweni Hall, Ischadites Lonsdale [sic], /. iowensis (Owen), Nidulites Salter, and N. pyriformis Bassler Receptaculites is found in the Lower Silurian are described and illustrated as sponges of uncer- [Ordovician] Receptaculite Limestone of Ste. Ge- tain taxonomic 1 2 1 24- position (p. 57; pi. 7, figs. , nevieve County, Missouri (p. 410). 28). Cyclocrinites Eichwald (= Pasceolus Billings) "of probable organic origin" is described and C. Siemiradzki, Josef von globosus (Billings) is figured (p. 719; pi. 303, fig. 1906. Die Palaeozoischen Gebilde Podoliens. 22). Beitrage zur Palaeontologie und Geologie und des Orients, Band Shirley, Jack Oesterreich-Ungarns 19, pp. 173-286, 7 pis. 1938. The fauna of the Baton River beds (De- n. from the Polish vonian), New Zealand. Quarterly Journal of Sphaerospongia podolica sp. 1 Podolia is described and illustrated 278; 2 , the Geological Society [London], vol. 94, part (p. pi. fig. 35). The species, based upon a single Silurian 4, pp. 459-506, pis. 40-44. [?] specimen of unknown stratigraphic position, is Devonian australis Salter from Receptaculites compared with S. tesselata Phillips. the Baton River area in New Zealand is described and illustrated (pp. 46 1-463; 40, 1-4), and pi. figs. Silver, Caswell Receptaculites sp. is mentioned. See:

Shrock, Robert R. Kelley, V. C, and C. Silver, 1952.

See: Simon, Jack A. Cumings, E. R., and R. R. Shrock, 1928. Shimer, H. W., and R. R. Shrock, 1944. See: Twenhofel, W. H., and R. R. Shrock, 1935. Willman, H. B., J. A. Simon, B. M. Lynch, and V. A. Langenheim, 1968. Shrock, Robert R., and William H. Twenhofel Simpson, George B. 1939. Silurian fossils from northern Newfound-

land. Journal of Paleontology, vol. 1 3, no. 3, See:

pp. 241-266, pis. 27-30, 3 text-figs. Hall, J., and G. B. Simpson, 1887.

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 173 Sinclair, G. Winston See also: Sinclair, G. W., 1965. 1945. An Ordovician faunule from Quebec. Ca- nadian Field Naturalist, vol. 59, no. 3, pp. 1965. Some Middle Ordovician fossils from 71-74, pi. 2. central Ontario. Geology of Central Ontario, Receptaculites occidentalis is abundant in basal Canada. Michigan Basin Geological Society, Field Trenton (?) beds at Pont Rouge, Quebec, Canada. Annual Excursion, 1965. Guidebook. Its occurrence suggests correlation with the Ottawa [Michigan Geological Survey Division, Lan-

1 3-4. Valley Rockland (pp. 7 , 74). sing, Michigan?], pp. 37-42, pis.

This is identical to Sinclair, G. W., 1964. 1954. The age of the Ordovician Kirkfield For- mation in Ontario. Ohio Journal of Science, See also: vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 31-41, 3 text-figs. Norford, B. S., T. E. Bolton, M. J. Copeland, L. M. and G. W. 1970. The sponge Receptaculites occidentalis Salter Cumming, Sinclair, occurs in the Middle Ordovician Kirkfield For- Steele, H. M., and G. W. Sinclair, 1971. mation in central Ontario and in the Rockland F. A. and Hull Formations in the Ottawa Valley of Can- Singleton, ada. Receptaculites occidentalis is rare in the Hull, 1945. A catalogue of type and figured specimens but is abundant in the lower beds (pp. 34-35, 37). of fossils in the Melbourne University Geol- ogy Department. Proceedings of the Royal 1956. Notes on some Ordovician and sponges Society of Victoria, n. ser., vol. 56, pp. 229- their names. Journal of Paleontology, vol. 30, 284. no. 3, pp. 760-761. Two hypotypes of the sponge Receptaculites Nomenclatural and stratigraphical errors in the australis Salter from the Lower Devonian of Aus- Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology (Part E. Po- tralia are housed in the Geological Museum of M. W. Re- rifera, Laubenfels, de, 1955) involving Melbourne University (p. 232). ceptaculites neptuni, Dictyocrinus, Lepidolites and Anomaloides reticulatus are cor- dickhauti, Skjeseth, Steinar rected. 1963. Contributions to the geology of the Mjosa districts and the classical area in 1963. Observations on the Ordovician lime- sparagmite southern Norway. Norges Geologiske Under- stone; pp. 15-20. In Kranck, S. H., and G. sokelse, no. 220, 126 pp., 2 pis., 65 text-figs. Winston Sinclair, Clearwater Lake, New Que- bec. Geological Survey ofCanada Bulletin 100, Coelosphaeridium cyclocrinophilum and Mas- 25 pp. topora sp. are found in the Coelosphaeridium shale. Cyclocrinus is found in the Cyclocrinus shale and The presence of Receptaculites sp. near Clear- limestone (pp. 65, 74). The Cyclocrinus and Coe- water Lake, New Quebec, indicates a Middle or losphaeridium beds in the Mjosa district are zone Upper Ordovician (Edenian or Maysvillian) age 4b [Chasmops series] or Middle Ordovician, Car- (pp. 15-18). adocian (p. 61).

1964. Some Middle Ordovician fossils from Sloan, Robert E. central Ontario. Geology of Central Ontario, Canada. American Association of Petroleum See: Geologists and Society of Economic Paleon- Agnew, A. F., and R. E. Sloan, 1956. tologists and Mineralogists. Guidebook. May 1964. Toronto, Canada. Geological Associa- Sloan, Robert E., and Malcolm P. Weiss tion of Canada [Toronto, Ontario?], pp. 37- 1956. The Ordovician rocks of southeastern 42, pis. 3-4. Minnesota; pp. 96-1 10. In Schwartz, George

Receptaculites occidentalis Salter from the "Le- M. (ed.), Guidebook for Field Trips. Minne- ray beds" at Paquette Rapids, Ontario, is figured apolis meeting, 1956. Field trip no. 2. Lower

(pp. 40-41; pi. 4, fig. 2). Paleozoic Geology of the Upper Mississippi

174 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Valley. Geological Society of America, New thur Everett Shipley (eds.), The Cambridge York, New York, 1 10 pp. Natural History. Volume 1. Protozoa, Porif- era (Sponges), Coelenterata and Ctenophora, Receptaculites oweni from the Stewartville, Echinodermata. Macmillan and Co., Ltd., Prosser, and Cummingsville Members and Is- London; The Macmillan Co., New York, New chadites and Receptaculites from the Cummings- York, 671 pp. ville Member of the Galena Formation in south- eastern Minnesota are listed (pp. 99-100, 105, 108). The Receptaculitidae are believed to be early lyssacine hexactinellid sponges abundant in the Sloss, Laurence L., and C. A. Moritz Silurian and Devonian. The morphologies of Is- chadites and Receptaculites are discussed and 1951. Paleozoic stratigraphy of southwestern Acanthoconia barrandei is Montana. Bulletin of the American Associa- figured (pp. 207-208, 102). tion of Petroleum Geologists, vol. 35, no. 10, fig. pp. 2135-2169, 12 text-figs. Solms-Laubach, Hermann The Ordovician Bighorn Dolomite east of the Madison range in Montana contains Receptacu- 1891. Fossil Botany, Being an Introduction to lites (p. 2148). Palaeophytology From the Standpoint of the Botanist. Translated and revised by Henry E. Smith, AUyn G., and Donald Francis Toomey F. Garnsey and Isaac Bayley Balbour. Clar- endon Press, Oxford, 401 pp., 49 1964. Chitons from the Kindblade Formation text-figs.

(Lower Ordovician), Arbuckle Mountains, Cyclocrinus, Receptaculites, and allied forms may southern Oklahoma. Oklahoma Geological be Dasycladeae (p. 43). Survey Circular 66, 41 pp., 8 pis., 2 text-figs. Jean A zone ofabundant Calathium Billings, a quasi- Sougy, occurs in the Lower Ordovician Kind- sponge, 1964. Les formations paleozoiques du Zem- blade Limestone in the Arbuckle Mountains of mour Noir (Mauritanie septentrionale). Etude southern Oklahoma (pp. 5-9, 15, 24-25, 29, 41). stratigraphique, petrographique et paleonto- logique. Annales de la Faculte des Sciences, Smith, J. D. D. Universite de Dakar, tome 1 5, Serie: Sciences

See: de la terre no. 1, 695 pp., 50 pis., 77 text-figs., Mitchell, G. H., and others, 1962. 2 maps.

A Middle Devonian Receptaculites cf. neptuni Smith, Stanley Defrance from West Africa is described and illus- See: trated as a sponge (pp. 391, 400, 402, 448, 466; W. S. and H. D. Lang, D., Smith, Thomas, pi. 41, fig. 4). 1940.

Spencer, Joseph William Winthrop Smith, W. D. 1 876. Report on the country between the upper See: Assineboine River and Lakes Winnipegosis Campbell, K. S. W., D. J. Holloway, and W. and Manitoba. Geological Survey of Canada D. Smith, 1974. Report of Progress, 1874-1875, pp. 57-70.

Smith, William C. Receptaculites (?) is found in a Devonian lime- stone Dawson in Lake See: along Bay Winnipegosis (p. 68). Odom, I. E., G. M. Wilson, G. Dow, T. C. Buschbach, W. C. Smith, and P. B. Du Montelle, 1964. Spjeldnaes, Nils

1955. Coelosphaeridium (Chlorophyta Dasycla- Sollas, Igerna B. J. daceae) from the Caradocian beds of N. 1906. Porifera (Sponges); pp. 163-242, text-figs. Wales. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift, Bind 35, 63-123. In Harmer, Sidney Frederic, and Ar- pp. 151-153, text-figs. A-B.

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 175 1 1 /?. The dasycladaceus alga Coelosphaeridium R. infundibulum Hall 86 , ohioensis Hall and sphaericum (?) from the Ordovician of Gelli Grin Whitfield 1875, and R. oweni Hall 1861; figured in the Bala District of N. Wales and in Norway is specimens: R. infundibuliformis (Goldfuss), R. compared to C. excavatum and C. wesenbergense. neptunii (?) Defrance (pp. 8, 11, 13, 15-17, 21). Coelosphaeridium sphaericum is a guide fossil for the shallow-water facies of the middle Caradocian. Stainbrook, Merrill A.

1948. Age and correlation of the Devonian Sly 1960. Road log; pp. 13-29, figs. 2-7. In Hen- Gap beds near Alamogordo, New Mexico. ningsmoen, Gunnar, and Nils Spjeldnaes, Pa- American Journal of Science, vol. 246, no. laeozoic Stratigraphy and Palaeontology of the 12, pp. 765-790, pis. 1-2. Oslo Region, Eocambrian Stratigraphy of the Sparagmite Region, Southern Norway. Inter- Receptaculites neptuni Defrance is found in the national Geological Congress, XXI Session, Devonian Sly Gap Formation of New Mexico Guide to excursions no. A14 and no. CI 2, 30 (pp. 785, 788) and in the Frasnian Limestone of

pp., 7 figs., 1 pi. Belgium (p. 786). Receptaculites sp. also occurs in the Sly Gap Formation. Calcareous algae Coelosphaeridium from the Middle Ordovician (p. 20) and Mastopora from Stanton, J. M. Middle Ordovician and Silurian Lower Llando- very (pp. 1 7, 27) are listed as calcareous algae from See: the Oslo region. Langenheim, R. L., Jr., J. A. Barnes, K. C. Delise, W. A. Ross, and J. M. Stanton, 1956. Sprinkle, James, and Bruce M. Bell Stanton, Timothy W. 1978. Paedomorphosis in edrioasteroid echi-

1 noderms. Paleobiology, vol. 4, no. , pp. 82- See: 88, 3 text-figs., 1 table. Schuchert, C, W. H. Dall, T. W. Stanton, and R. S. Bassler, 1905. Receptaculitids are reported from the Middle Ordovician Bromide Formation in the Arbuckle Stauffer, Clinton R. Mountains of southern Oklahoma (p. 87). 1909. The Middle Devonian of Ohio. Geolog- Sproule, John Campbell ical Survey of Ohio Bulletin, 10, 4th ser., 204 pp., 17 pis. 1936. A study of the Cobourg Formation. Con- tributions to the study of the Ordovician of The rare Receptaculites devonicus is the only Ontario and Quebec. Geological Survey of sponge in the Middle Devonian of Ohio (p. 187). Canada Memoir, 202, pp. 93-118, pis. 7-9,

1 text-fig. 1915. The Devonian of southwestern Ontario. Geological Survey ofCanada Memoir 34, 34 1 The sponge Ischadites sp. is present in the Co- pp., 20 pis., 1 map, tables. bourg Formation ofthe Ordovician Trenton Group in Ontario and New York (pp. 98, 104). Receptaculites neptuni Defrance from the De- vonian Hamilton beds of Ontario is listed as a

Squires, Donald F., and Edward J. Hawkins sponge (p. 229).

1958. Type specimens of invertebrate fossils in See also: the collections of the Department of Geology Thiel, G. A., and C. R. Stauffer, 1947. and Paleontology. 1 . Porifera. American Mu- seum Novitates, no. 1913, 22 pp. Stauffer, Clinton R., and George A. Thiel The following types are in the collections of the 1933. The limestones and marls of Minnesota. American Museum in New York: holotypes: genus Minnesota Geological Survey Bulletin 23, 1 93 undetermined cyathiformis Hall 1843, Receptac- pp., 93 text-figs. ulitesfungosum Hall 1861,/?. globulare Hall 1861, R. pearyi Whitfield 1900, and R. subturbinatus Receptaculites oweni from the Ordovician Ga- Hall 1 863; syntypes: R. hemisphericum Hall 1861, lena Limestone of Minnesota is listed (p. 66).

176 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY 1 94 1 . The Paleozoic and related rocks of south- R. occidentalis Salter (= R. orbis Eichwald) are eastern Minnesota. Minnesota Geological listed. Survey Bulletin 29, 261 pp., 62 text-figs. Stelck, Charles Richard The following Ordovician sponges from south- eastern Minnesota are listed: Ischadites iowensis See: P. and C. R. (or /. cf. iowensis) and Receptaculites oweni from Warren, S., Stelck, 1950 and the Stewartville, Prosser, and Decorah Shale 1956. Members ofthe Galena Formation; and /. iowensis Stensaas, L. J. and Receptaculites sp. from the Wykoff Member of the Maquoketa Formation (pp. 72, 85, 87-90, See:

92-93, 152-154, 160, 185, 198, 229, 231, 235). Langenheim, R. L., Jr., F. T. Barr, S. E. Shank, L. J. Stensaas, and E. C. Wilson, 1960. Steele, H. Miriam, and G. Winston Sinclair Stephenson, John P. 1971. A Middle Ordovician fauna from Brae- side, Ottawa Valley, Ontario. Geological Sur- 1973. Depositional environments of the Middle vey of Canada Bulletin 211, 97 pp., 23 pis., Ordovician Lenoir Limestone of southern 3 text-figs. Knox County, Tennessee. Abstracts with Pro- grams. Geological Society of America, vol. 5, Ordovician Receptaculites occidentalis Salter is no. 5, pp. 437-438. listed from Paquette Rapids in the Ottawa River,

Ontario (pp. 4, 6). An Ordovician ajacicyathid (?) pleosponge [a receptaculitid] is found in the Lenoir Limestone Steinmann, Gustav in Knox County, Tennessee.

1880. Zur Kenntnis fossiler Kalkalgen (Sipho- Stephenson, John P., Kenneth R. Walker, and R. neen). Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Geo- E. McLaughlin logic und Palaeontologie, Band 2, pp. HO- 1973. The Lenoir Formation— back reef supra- MO, pi. 5. tidal, intertidal, and subtidal shelf lagoon fa- Cyclocrinus and Receptaculites are algae without des. Geology of Knox County, Tennessee. Tertiary or Recent analogues (p. 1 38). Cyclocrinus Tennessee Division of Geology Bulletin, 70, has characteristic sterile branches (p. 139). pp. 122-126.

An archaeocyathid-like pleosponge [Calathium 1903. Tetraploporella Remesi, eine neue Das- sp.], which is described and figured, and Recep- ycladaceae aus dem Tithon von Stramberg. taculites sp. are found in the Middle Ordovician Beitrage zur Palaeontologie und Geologie Lenoir Limestone in Knox County, Tennessee (p. Oesterreich-Ungarns und des Orients, Band 123, figs. 6F-G). 1 5, Hefte 2-3, pp. 45-54, 1 1 text-figs.

The Mastoporidae, including Cyclocrinus and Stevens, Richard P. receptaculitids, are separate from the Dasyclada- 1863. Report on the geological and mineralog- ceae. ical specimens collected by Mr. C. F. Hall in Frobisher Bay. American Journal of Science, 1907. in die 2nd Einfuehrung Palaeontologie, ser. 2, vol. 35, no. 104, pp. 293-294. ed. Engelmann, Leipzig, 542 pp., 902 text- A new species of Receptaculites unlike R. occi- figs. [1st ed., 1903 not seen.] dentalis Salter or the species from the Galena The systematic position of Receptaculitidae is Limestone is present in Lower Silurian [Ordovi- but the be coelenterates. uncertain, organisms may cian] rocks at Frobisher Bay in the Canadian Arc- The anatomy and orientation of radials [meroms] tic. are described. Lower Silurian [Ordovician] Is- chadites murchisoni Eichwald, Silurian /. koenigi See also:

Murchison from Bohemia (figs. 214A-D), Middle Stevens, R. P., 1865. Devonian Receptaculites neptuni Defrance from

Eifel (fig. 214E) and Upper Silurian [Ordovician?] 1865. Appendix 10. Mineralogical and geolog-

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 177 ical specimens; p. 594. In Hall, Charles Fran- Stolley, Ernst Arctic Researches and Life the cis, Among 1895. Die Cambrischen und Silurischen Ge- Esquimaux: Being the Narrative of an Expe- schiebe Schleswig-Holsteins und ihre Bra- dition in Search of Sir John Franklin, in the chiopodenfauns. I. Geologischer Theil. Lip- Years 1860, 1861, and 1862. Harper and sius & Tischer, Kiel und Leipzig, 104 pp. Brothers, New York, 595 pp. The following are listed from various [Ordovi- This is identical to R. Stevens, P., 1863, except cian] stratigraphic erratics from Schleswig-Hol- for pagination. stein: Coelosphaeridium, C. conwentzianum, C. cyclocrinophylum, Cyclocrinus, C. aff. spasskii, Is- Stevenson, Frank V. chadites, Mastopora, M. concava, M. sp., Pasceo- lus, P. krausei and Receptaculites (pp. 25-27, 33- 1945. Devonian of New Mexico. Journal of Ge- 35, 37-38, 46, 100-101). ology, vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 217-245, 13 text-

figs. 1896a. Ueber gesteinsbildende Algen und die solcher bei der der skan- Receptaculites n. sp. is tentatively identified from Mitwirkung Bildung dinavisch-baltischen the Devonian Sly Gap Formation near Hot Springs, Silurablagerungen. Naturwissenschaftliche Wochenschrift, Band New Mexico (p. 237). XI, no. 15 (12 April 1896), pp. 173-178.

Stieglitz, R. D. The Silurian [Siluro-Ordovician] dasycladacean algae Coelosphaeridium, Cyclocrinus and Masto- See: pora are described from Estonia and from the er- Pierce, R. W., R. W. Ely, R. D. Stieglitz, T. ratic boulders of the southern shores of the Baltic R. Courtright, and R. L. Langenheim, Jr., Sea (pp. 175-177). 1969.

1896b. Untersuchungen ueber Coelosphaerid- Stirton, Ruben Arthur ium, Cyclocrinus, Mastopora, und verwandte Genera des Silur. Archiv fur Anthropologic 1959. Time, Life and Man. The Fossil Record. und Geologie Schleswig-Holsteins und der John Wiley & Sons, New York, New York, Benachbarten Gebiete, Band 1, Theil 2, pp. 558 pp., 291 text-figs. 177-282, 105 text-figs. Ordovician to Devonian Receptaculitida are The following are described and illustrated as spongelike fossils of uncertain systematic status siphonous algae: Coelosphaeridium, C cyclocri- (p. 1 22). Late Ordovician Receptaculites oweni is nophilum, C cyclocrinophilum var. conwentziana, figured (fig. 98h on p. 1 77). Coelosphaeridium sp., Cyclocrinus, C. porosus n. sp., C. porosus n. var. kiesowi, C. porosus n. var. See also: ornata, C spasskii Eichwald, C. planus n. sp., C. R. 1963. Stirton, A., subtilis n. sp., C. membranaceus n. sp., C. pyri- formis n. sp., C roemeri n. sp., C multicavus n. 1963. Time, Life, and Man, 2nd ed. John Wiley sp., Cyclocrinus sp., Mastopora, M. concava Eich- & Sons, New York, New York, 558 pp., 291 wald, Apidium krausei, A. sororis n. sp., and A. text-figs. pygmaeum n. sp. The following are mentioned: Pasceolus, P. krausei, P. tesselatus, P. rathi, Cy- This is identical to Stirton, R. A., 1959. clocrinites, C spasskii Eichwald, Nidulites, N. fa- vus, Cyclocrinus exilis, Cyclocrinus {Pasceolus) Stoecklin, Jovan, J. Eftekhar-Nezhad, and A. halli, C (P.) globosus, C. (P.) billingsii, C. (P.) Hushmand-Zadeh dactylioides, C (P.) sedwigki [sic], C. (P.) goughii, C. (P.) claudii, C (P.) gregarius, C (P.) interme- 1 965. Geology of the Shotori Range (Tabas area, din, C. darwini, East Iran). Geological Survey of Iran, Report (P.) Receptaculites, Mastopora (Nidulites) M. (TV.) parva, Sphaerospongia no. 3, 69 pp., 2 pis., 33 text-figs. fava, (Polygonosphaerites), S. hospitalis, S. melliflua, S. R. listed Receptaculites sp. and neptuni are from rathi, and S. tesselata. the Lower Upper Devonian Shistu Formation and the "Cephalopod Beds" of East Iran (pp. 12-13). 1897. Die silurische Algenfacies und ihre Ver-

178 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY breitung im skandinavisch-baltischen Silur- Coelosphaeridium from Hadeland, and Mastopora gebiet. Schriften des Naturwissenschaftlichen concava (pp. 390, 392-394). Vereins fur Schleswig-Holstein, Band 9, Heft l,pp. 109-131. 1953. The Middle Ordovician of the Oslo re-

1 . Introduction to The distribution of Ordovician and Silurian al- gion, Norway. stratigraphy.

1 Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift, Bind 3 , pp. 37- gal limestones in the Baltic Sea region, including 141, 6 pis., 16 those containing Cyclocrinus, Coelosphaeridium, text-figs. and is discussed Mastopora, (pp. 110-114). The following Middle Ordovician calcareous al- gae are found in the Mastopora-Coelosphaeridium 1 898. Neue aus baltischem Silur. Ar- Siphoneen or Coelosphaeridium-Cyclocrinus zones, Oslo Re- chiv fur und Schles- Anthropologic Geologie gion, Norway: Cyclocrinus sp., C schmidti, Mas- und der Benachbarten Gebiete, wig-Holsteins topora sp., M. concava, Coelosphaeridium sp., and Band Theil 1, 4 2 ta- 3, pp. 40-65, text-figs., 1 C. cyclocrinophilum (pp. 74-75, 8 , 90-92, 95-97, bles. 103-104, 110-111, 125-126, 136). Coelosphae- ridium is Coelosphaeridium cyclocrinophilum Roemer, C. sp. figured (text-fig. 9). excavatum n. sp., C. wesenbergense n. sp., Cyclo- crinus balticus n. sp., C. schmidti n. sp., C mick- 1955. Kambro-siluren (leirskifer-kalksteins-og

witzi n. sp., C. roemeri Stolley, C. spasskii Eich- sandsteins-lagene); pp. 16-32, text-figs. 2-1 1. wald, C. porosus Stolley, C. oelandicus n. sp., C. In Holtedahl, Olaf, and Johannes A. Dons vanhoeffeni n. sp., and Mastopora odini n. sp. are (eds.), Geologisk Forer for Oslo-Trakten. described, and all but Cyclocrinus porosus are fig- Dybwad, Oslo, 122 pp., 39 text-figs. ured. The following are mentioned: Cyclocrinus Coelosphaeridium cyclocrinophylum and Mas- sp., C planus, C. pyriformis, C. multicavus, C. topora concava are figured from the Middle Or- subtilis, C. aff. spasskii, C membranaceus, C. po- dovician Zone 4b (p. 26, figs. 7.8, 7.14). rosus var. kiesowi, C. porosus var. ornata, Mas- topora sp., M. concava, M.fava, Apidium krausei, See also: A. sororis, A. pygmaeum, Coelosphaeridium sp., Stormer, L., 1957. and C cyclocrinophilum var. conwentziana.

Stoneley, Hilda M. M. 1957. Cambro-Silurian sequence; pp. 11-23, text-figs. 2-10. In Holtedahl, Olaf, and Jo- 1 958. The Upper Permian flora of England. Bul- hannes A. Dons (eds.), Geological Guide to letin of the British Museum (Natural History) Oslo and district. Text to "Geologisk Kart Geology, vol. 3, no. 9, pp. 293-337, pis. 36- over Oslo og Omegn" (scale 1:50,000), pub- 40, 1 5 text-figs. lished 1952. Skrifter utgitt av det Norske Vi-

i I: Matematisk-Na- Calathella dictyonemoides n. sp., an alga from denskaps-Akademi Oslo, the Upper Permian Magnesian Limestone series turvidenskapelig Klasse, 1957, no. 3, 86 pp., in northern England is described. C krauseli Flor- 42 text-figs. in from the Permian Upper Zechstein at Franken- This is an English version of Stormer, L., 1955. bergand Saxony, Germany, is listed and compared with C. dictyonemoides (pp. 301, 305, 307-310, See: text-figs. 1-2, pi. 36, fig. 4). [This is not Calathella, Heintz, A., and L. Stormer, [1937?]. nor a receptaculitid.]

Stermer, Leif Stose, George W.

1945. Remarks on the Tretaspis (Trinucleus) 1 908. The Cambro-Ordovician limestones of the shales of Hadeland. Norsk Geologisk Tid- Appalachian Valley in southern Pennsylva-

1 1 4. sskrift, Bind 25, pp. 379-425, 4 pis., 5 text- nia. Journal ofGeology, vol. 6, pp. 698-7

figs. The following occur in the Chambersburg The following Norwegian calcareous algae are Quadrangle ofsouthern Pennsylvania: Ordovician listed from the [Middle Ordovician] Chasmops Calathium sp. from the lower Beekmantown shale (4b): Cyclocrinus from Hadeland and Mjosa, Limestone, and Receptaculitescf. occidentalis Salter

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 179 and Nidulites cf. favus from the Chambersburg Commissioners of Public Printing, Madison, Limestone (pp. 707, 71 1-712). Wisconsin, pp. 643-752, pis. 26-32, 21 text-

figs. 1909. Description of Mercersburg-Chambers- The "lead coral" Receptaculites oweni is char- burg district. Geologic Atlas of the United acteristic of the [Ordovician] Galena Limestone States. U.S. Geological Survey, Mercersburg- in the lead region of Wisconsin (pp. 684-685). Chambersburg Folio, Pennsylvania, no. 1 70, 19 pp., 5 text-figs., 1 table, 6 maps, 18 illus. 1882. Geology of the Mississippi region north The following occur in the Ordovician of the of the Wisconsin River. Geology of Wiscon- Chambersburg Quadrangle of Pennsylvania: sin. Survey of 1873-1879. Volume 4. Pub- Nidulites favus from the Nidulites bed, Recepta- lished by the Commissioners of Public Print- culites cf. occidentalis from the Chambersburg ing, Madison, Wisconsin, pp. 3-193, 2 pis., Limestone, and Calathium sp. from the Beek- 1 1 text-figs. mantown Limestone. The "lead coral" Receptaculites is found along the Little Kickapoo River in Wisconsin (pp. 76, Stovall, John W., and Howard E. Brown 81). 1954. The Principles of Historical Geology. Ginn and Co., Boston, 472 pp., illus. Suchomel, Diane M.

Receptaculites oweni Hall is illustrated as a See: sponge. Shaver, R. H, and others, 1978.

Strieker, Gary Dale, and Albert V. Carozzi Sushkin, M. A.

1973. Carbonate microfacies of the Pogonip 1958. Novye dannye o receptakulitah Silura i Group (Lower Ordovician), Arrow Canyon Devona. [New data on Silurian and Devonian Range, Clark County, Nevada, U.S.A. Bul- receptaculitids.] Vsesoyuznyi Nauchno-Issle- letin du Centre de Recherches de Pau, vol. 7, dovatel'skii Geologorazvedochnyi Neftyanoi

no. 1 2 1 6 1 table. Institut 2, pp. 499-54 , pis., text-figs., (VNIGNI), Trudy, Tom 9, pp. 3-18, 6 pis., 3 text-figs. Receptaculites sp. and a Calathium bioherm are present in the Ordovician Pogonip Group of the The morphology, skeletal reconstruction, and

Arrow Canyon Range in Nevada (pp. 505, 51 1). systematics of receptaculitids are discussed. Re- ceptaculitidae Eichwald 1860 is placed in the new Stromer, Ernst Freiherr von Reichenbach class Squamiferida of Porifera incertae sedis. Re- ceptaculites Defrance and Ischadites Murchison are 1909. Lehrbuch der Palaeozoolgie. I. Theil. discussed. Devonian R. neptuni Defrance, R. kuk- Wirbellase Tiere. B. G. Teubner, Leipzig und kulensis n. sp., Receptaculites sp., /. sukurensis n. Berlin, 342 pp., 398 text-figs., tables. sp., /. uralica n. sp., and Ischadites sp. from Ural Lower Silurian [Ordovician] to Carboniferous are described and illustrated. Ordovician /. rectus Receptaculida from Europe and North America, Rauff from Estonia is figured. although considered problematic coelenterates or calcareous algae, are described and placed among 1962. Class Squamiferida (Skvamiferidy. Re- ctenophorans (pp. 95, 98, 105). Devonian Sphae- ceptaculida); pp. 81-83; pi. 9, figs. 9-10; text- rospongia tesselata Phillips from Winnipegosis, figs. 121-124. In Orlov, Y. A. (ed.), Osnovy Canada, Middle Devonian Receptaculites neptuni Paleontologii. [Volume 2.] Gubki, Arheotsia- Defr. from Eifel [Germany], and Middle Devonian ty, Kishechnopolostnye, Chervi. Polygonosphaerites tesselatus Phillips from Nas- Receptaculites Defrance and Ischadites Mur- sau [Germany] are figured (text-figs. 125-127). chison are described (p. 83). The following are placed in phylum Porifera incertae sedis, class Strong, Moses Squamiferida, new order Receptaculitida, family 1878. Geology and topography of the lead re- Receptaculitidae: Receptaculites Defrance 1827, gion. Geology of Wisconsin. Survey of 1873— Ischadites Murchison 1 839 (ITetragonis Eichwald 1877. Volume 2. 2nd ed. Published by the 1842), Acanthochonia Hinde 1884, Sphaerospon-

180 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY gia Pengelly 1861 (= Sphaeronites Phillips 1841), 1955. Cephalopods from the Fremont Forma- Cerionites Meek and Worthen 1868, Dictyocrinus tion of central Colorado. Journal of Paleon-

Hall 1 859 (= Dictyocrinites Hall 1859), Lepidolites tology, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 71-82, pis. 16-18, Ulrich 1889, Nidulites Salter 1851, Anomaloides 1 text-fig. Ulrich 1878, and Pasceolus Billings 1857. Recep- Receptaculites is found in the Ordovician Fre- taculites neptuni Defrance, R. kukkulensis Sush- mont Formation in central Colorado (p. 72). kin, and Ischadites sukurensis Sushkin are illus-

trated (figs. 121-124; pi. 9, figs. 9-10). 1 96 1 . Middle and Upper Ordovician rocks, cen- tral Colorado; pp. 1 7-24, 4 text-figs. In Berg, See also: Robert R., and John W. Rold (eds.), Sym- Sushkin, M. A., 1971. posium on Lower and Middle Paleozoic Rocks ofColorado. Twelfth Field Conference. South 1971. Class Squamiferida (Receptaculida); pp. Central Colorado. Rocky Mountain Associ- 107-110; pi. 9, figs. 9-10; figs. 121-124. In ation of Geologists. Denver, Colorado, 236 Orlov, Y. A., and B. S. Sokolov (eds.), Fun- PP. damentals of Paleontology. A Manual for Pa- leontologists and Geologists of the USSR. Receptaculites is found in the lower Massive Do- Volume 2. Porifera, Archaeocyatha, Coelen- lomite Member of the Middle to Upper Ordovi- terata, Vermes. Published for the Smithson- cian Fremont Formation in Fremont County, Col- ian Institution and the National Science orado (p. 1 9). Foundation, Washington, D.C., by the Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusa- Sweet, Walter C, and Arthur K. Miller lem, 900 pp. 1958. Ordovician cephalopods from Cornwallis This is an English translation of Sushkin, M. A., and Little Cornwallis Islands, District of 1962. Franklin, Northwest Territories. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin 38, 86 pp., 8 pis., Swann, D. H. 12 text-figs., 2 tables.

See: Concentrations of Receptaculites arcticus Eth- are found in the Middle or Ordo- Collinson, C. W., D. H. Swann, and H. B. eridge Upper vician Cornwallis Formation on southwestern Willman, 1954. Cornwallis Island (p. 7).

Swartz, Frank M. Szulczewski, Michai 1 948. Trenton and sub-Trenton ofoutcrop areas See: in New York, Pennsylvania, and Maryland. B. H. and M. Szulczew- Bulletin of the American Association of Pe- Matyja, A., Matyja, ski, 1973. troleum Geologists, vol. 32, no. 8, pp. 1493-

1595, 26 text-figs., 3 tables. Taff, Joseph A. The alga or sponge Nidulites is present in the 1903. Description of the Tishomingo Quadran- Ordovician, Black River Chambersburg Lime- gle. Geologic Atlas of the United States, U.S. stone in the Hagerstown-Chambersburg region of Geological Survey, Tishomingo Folio, Indian Maryland and Pennsylvania (p. 1578). Territory, no. 98, 8 pp., 3 maps.

Sweet, Walter C. Two Calathium spp. undet. from the Ordovi- cian Arbuckle Limestone and Receptaculites n. sp. 1954. Harding and Fremont Formations, Col- from the upper part of the Ordovician Simpson orado. Bulletin of the American Association Formation are reported from the Indian Territory of Petroleum Geologists, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. [Oklahoma]. 284-305, 4 text-figs., 2 tables.

Receptaculites cf. arcticus Etheridge is wide- 1904. Preliminary report on the geology of the spread in the Ordovician Fremont Formation of Arbuckle and Wichita Mountains in Indian central Colorado (pp. 294-295, 300-301). Territory and Oklahoma. United States Geo-

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 181 logical Survey Professional Paper 31, 97 pp., Teall, J. J. H.

8 pis., 1 text-fig. See: Two Calathium spp. from the Cambro-Ordo- Peach, B. N., and others, 1907. vician upper Arbuckle Limestone and Receptac- ulites n. sp. from the Ordovician upper Simpson Teichert, Curt Formation are found in the Arbuckle Mountains 1937a. A new Ordovician fauna from Wash- of Oklahoma (pp. 22, 25). ington Land, North Greenland. Meddelelser

om Gronland, Bind 1 19, Nr. 1, 65 pp., 7 pis. Talent, John A. Receptaculites occurs in the Ordovician Recep- 1963. The Devonian of the Mitchell and Went- taculites limestone of Koch ( 1 929) in Washington worth Rivers. Memoirs of the Geological Sur- Land, North Greenland (p. 25). vey of Victoria, 24, 1 18 pp., 78 pis., 33 text- 10 2 figs., tables, maps. 1937b. Ordovician and Silurian faunas from Arctic Canada. of Fifth Ex- An unnamed new genus of the family Recep- Report the Thule 1921-1924. Volume No. 5. taculitidae from the Devonian (?) Wentworth pedition 1, Gyl- dendalske Nordisk Co- Group in eastern Victoria, Australia, is described Boghandel, Forlag, 169 24 1 and illustrated. The genus is distinct from Recep- penhagen, pp., pis., map. taculites and Sphaerospongia. Receptaculites aus- Ordovician Receptaculites sp. and R. cf. occi- tralis Salter is mentioned. Family Receptaculiti- dentalis Salter from Melville Peninsula (pp. 14- dae is part of an uncertain class of sponges (pp. 15, 17, 34, 36), R. cf. occidentalis from Iglulik 37-38; pi. 10, figs. 7-9). Island (pp. 13, 18, 34, 36), R. neptuni, R. oweni Hall, R. cf. oweni, and Receptaculites sp. from Helen Tappan, King William Land (pp. 23, 26), and Receptacu- lites from Cockburn Land are listed. 1980. The Paleobiology of Plant Protists. W. H. sp. (p. 21) Ordovician R. cf. occidentalis Salter from Melville Freeman and Company, San Francisco, Cal- Peninsula is described and illustrated as a sponge ifornia, 1028 pp., numerous figs. and is compared with R. arcticus. Receptaculites The a order of Receptaculitales, problematic oweni, R. occidentale [sic], and R. occidentalis are

algae, are described (pp. and their 1 1 green 852-859) mentioned (pp. 48-49; pi. , figs. , 4-5). Silurian classification The given (pp. 891-892). following Receptaculites sp. from King William Land is de- taxa are described and (pp. 852-859) figured (figs. scribed and illustrated as a sponge (pp. 122-123; Ischadites and 10.41-10.47): sp. Receptaculites sp.; pi. 1, figs. 2, 3, 6). Ordovician Tettragonis orbis Eichwald, Ischadites murchisoni Eichwald, and Cyclocrinus porosus 1943. The Devonian of Western Australia: a from Silurian Acanthochonia Stolley Germany; preliminary review. Parts 1 and 2. American barrandei Hinde from Czechoslovakia, Calathium Journal of Science, vol. 241, nos. 2-3, pp. 69- egerodae Nitecki from Illinois, Amphispongia ob- 94, 167-184. longa Salter from Scotland, and Ischadites hem- Receptaculites and Sphaerospongia cf. tessellata isphericus from Ohio; and Devonian Receptacu- are found in Middle Devonian reef formations in lites neptuni Defrance from Germany. western Australia (pp. 78, 81, 92, 170). Sphaero- spongia was previously known only from the up- Taylor, Alfred R. per Middle Devonian Stringocephalus limestone 1964. Geology of the Rewey and Mifflin Quad- ofGermany and Manitoba. Receptaculites also oc- rangles, Wisconsin. Bulletin of the United curs in the Upper Devonian of western Australia States Geological Survey, 1123-F, pp. 279- (pp. 84, 86). 360, pis. 20-21, text-figs. 43-46. Teller, Edgar E. Ischadites, Receptaculites, and R. oweni Hall are found in the Prosser Member of the Ordovician 1 9 1 1 . A synopsis of the type specimens of fossils Galena Dolomite. Receptaculites oweni is com- from the Paleozoic formations of Wisconsin. mon in the Stewartville Member (pp. 301-302, pi. Wisconsin Natural History Society, Bulletin, 21). vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 170-271.

182 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY The types of Receptaculites fungosus Hall, R. Debrenne, F., H. Termier, and G. Termier, globularis Hall, R. hemisphericus Hall, R. infun- 1970 and 1971. dibulum Hall, and R. oweni Hall are from Wis- consin. The latter three sponges are in the Amer- Termier, Genevieve, and Henri Termier ican Museum of Natural History (p. 187). 1950. Paleontologie Marocaine. II. Invertebres

de l'Ere Primaire. Fasc. I. 1 em pic ton. Justus Stevens, Jr. Foraminiferes, spongiaires et coelenteres. Service Geolo- 1942. Appendix G— fossil lists. Table 1— Or- gique du Maroc, Mines Carte Notes et Me- dovician fossils; pp. 364-365. In Willman, H. moires no. 73, 218 pp., 51 pis. B., and J. Norman Payne, Geology and min- eral resources of the Marseilles, Ottawa, and Receptaculites sp. from an unknown level at Re- Streator Quadrangles. Illinois State Geologi- hamna, Morocco, is listed and illustrated as a si- cal Survey Bulletin 66, 388 pp. liceous sponge. The specimen is similar to Recep- taculites oweni Hall from the Trenton Limestone A sponge, Receptaculites oweni Hall, is listed from the Prosser and Stewartville [members] of (pp. 53, 124; pi. 7, fig. 19). the Galena Formation in LaSalle and Morris 1979. environnementale et Quadrangles. Hypothese symbio- tique sur l'origine des spongiaires; pp. 513-

1 em plcton. Justus Stevens, Jr., and Harold Bowen 520, 5 text-figs., and 2 tables. In Levi, Claude, Willman and Nicole Boury-Esnault (eds.), Biologie des Spongiaires. Sponge Biology. Colloques In- 1 952. Guidebook for the Sixteenth Annual Field ternationaux de Centre National de la Re- Conference of the Tri-State Geological Soci- cherche Scientifique. No. 291. Paris, 18-22 ety. Central Northern Illinois, October 1 1 and Decembre 1978. C.N.R.S., Paris, 533 pp. 12, 1952. Illinois Geological Survey, Urbana, 47 Illinois, pp., numerous figs. Radiocyathids, which have developed from pro- which are with Receptaculites is found in the Ordovician Ga- karyotes, and receptaculitids, placed are 5 1 5-5 1 tables 1- lena Group in central northern Illinois (pp. 10, 22, stromatolites, sponges (pp. 7, 24, 32, 36). Receptaculites oweni is abundant in 2). the basal Sherwood and Rivoli Members of the Dunleith Formation in the type section at East Termier, Henri

Dubuque. See: Termier, G., and H. Termier, 1950 and 1979. 1 963. Champlainian series (Middle Ordovician) Debrenne, F., H. Termier, and G. Termier, in Illinois. Illinois State Geological Survey 1970 and 1971. Bulletin 89, 260 pp., 41 text-figs.

The sponge Receptaculites oweni is ubiquitous Termier, Henri, and Genevieve Termier in the Ordovician Dunleith and Wise Lake (= Ion, Prosser, and Stewartville) Formations of the 1968a. Evolution et Biocinese. Masson et Cie, Kimmswick subgroup (Galena Group) of the up- Paris, 241 pp., 13 pis., 433 text-figs. per Mississippi Valley; it also occurs in the Gut- The Ordovician archaeocyathid (?) Soanites bi- tenberg and Cobourg Formations of Minnesota muralis Miagkova (p. 26) from Siberia and Re- and New York, respectively. Receptaculites zones ceptaculites occidentalis from Montreal are figured occur in the Fairplay, Rivoli, and Sherwood Mem- (figs. 34-35, 41). Receptaculitids are described, and bers of the Dunleith Formation and in the Stew- Ischadites and Receptaculites are mentioned. artville Member of the Wise Lake Formation, Is- chadites iowensis occurs below the Wise Lake- 1968b. Biologie et Ecologie des Premiers Fos- Dubuque and Steuben-Hillier contacts (pp. 40, 97- siles. Monographic 8. Les Grands Problemes 98, 156-157,238-240). de la Biologie. Collection publiee sous la di- Termier, Genevieve rection du Professeur P.-P. Grasse. Masson et Cie, Paris, 213 pp., 20 text-figs. See: Termier, H., and G. Termier, 1968a and Receptaculites is a monoblastic organism from 1968b. the Ordovician Lower Trenton (Ordovicien XII)

NITECKJ ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 183 in Canada near Montreal and in southern Quebec Thomas, Henry Dighton (pp.99, 110). See: Lang, W. D., S. Smith, and H. D. Thomas, Terry, Owen W., and Francis C. Lincoln 1940.

1948. Investigation of the Skene zinc mine, Jo Marcus Luther Daviess County, Illinois. United States Bu- Thompson, reau of Mines Report of Investigation 4320, See: 5 pp., 3 text-figs. Kottlowski, F. E., R. H. Flower, M. L. Thompson, and R. W. Foster, 1956. A "lower Receptaculites zone" occurs [in the Middle Ordovician Galena Formation] in the Wis- Thorslund, Per consin zinc-lead district (fig. 2). 1936. Siljansomraadets braennkalkstenar och Thein, Myint Lwin kalkindustri. Sveriges Geologiska Under- soekning, serie C, number 398, aarsbok 30, 1973. The Lower Paleozoic stratigraphy ofwest- no. 5, 64 pp., 2 pis., 2 maps, 29 text-figs. & ern of the Southern Shan Burma. part State, tables. Regional Conference on the Geology of Southeast Asia. Proceedings. Geological So- The following are listed from Siljan, central ciety of Malaysia Bulletin 6, pp. 143-163, 2 Sweden: calcareous algae Mastopora concava Eichw. the text-figs., 4 tables. from Ordovician Kullsbergkalk, Apid- ium sororis Stoll. from Ordovicio-Silurian Boda- is a Ordovician fossil in Receptaculites typical kalk, and Cyclocrinites-like fossil from both lime- the Formation of the in Wunbye Pindaya Group stones; and the sponge Receptaculites from the the Southern Shan State, Burma (pp. 149, 155). Ordovicio-Silurian Bodakalk (p. 25).

Thiel, George A. Thorsteinsson, Raymond

See: 1 958a. Cornwallis and Little Cornwallis Islands, Schwartz, G. M., and G. A. Thiel, 1954. District of Franklin, Northwest Territories. Stauffer, C. R., and G. A. Thiel, 1933 and Geological Survey of Canada, Memoir 294, 1941. 1 34 pp., 8 pis., 5 text-figs., 7 tables, 1 map.

Receptaculites sp. on Little Cornwallis Island and Clinton R. Stauffer Thiel, George A., and R. arcticus Etheridge on Cornwallis Island are components ofthe Arctic Ordovician fauna, which 1947. The high calcium limestones of Minne- characterizes the upper 500 ft. of the Middle Or- sota. Minnesota Geological Survey Summary dovician (Edenian and/or Maysvillian) Cornwallis Report no. 1,13 pp. Formation. Receptaculites arcticus is also found Ordovician Receptaculites oweni is listed from in the Ordovician of Silliman's Mount on Baffin the Prosser Member of the Galena Limestone in Island and in the Cape Calhoun Formation of Minnesota. Greenland (pp. 36, 39, 41-42). Ischadites sp. is present in member A of the Silurian Read Bay Formation on Cornwallis Island Thomas, Abram Owen (p. 49).

1923. Some new Paleozoic glass-sponges from 1958b. Summary of the geology of Cornwallis Iowa. Proceedings, Iowa Academy of Science, and Little Cornwallis Islands; pp. 3-11. In 1922, vol. 29, pp. 85-91, 1 pi. Sweet, Walter C, and Arthur K. Miller, Or- dovician cephalopods from Cornwallis and Cerionites dactyloides [sic] occurs in the Silurian Little Cornwallis Islands, District of Frank- of Iowa. Receptaculites oweni Hall and Ischadites lin, Northwest Territories. Geological Survey iowensis (Owen) are found in the Ordovician Ga- of Canada Bulletin 38, 86 pp. lena Dolomite of Iowa (p. 85). Fragments resem- bling R. occidentalis Salter are found in the Silu- Receptaculites arcticus Etheridge is found in the rian (p. 85). Late Ordovician to Middle Silurian Allen Bay For-

184 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY mation of southern Cornwallis Island in the Thorsteinsson, Raymond, and Edward T. Tozer

Northwest Territories (p. 7). 1962. Banks, Victoria and Stefansson Islands, Arctic Archipelago. Geological Survey of 1963a. Ordovician and Silurian stratigraphy; pp. Canada, Memoir 330, 85 pp., 27 pis., 2 text- 31-50, table 1. In Fortier, Yves Oscar (ed.), figs., 1 map. Geology of the north-central part of the Arctic is of the Arctic Ordovi- Archipelago, Northwest Territories (Opera- Receptaculites sp. part cian the east coast of Victoria Island tion Franklin). Geological Survey of Canada, fauna along in Arctic Memoir 320, 671 pp. the Canadian (pp. 42, 44).

from the Arctic Ordovician fauna Receptaculites 1963. Geology of northern Prince of Wales Is- is found in the Middle Ordovician Crocker Bay land and northwestern Somerset Island; pp. Formation at Dundas Harbour on Devon Island, 117-129. In Fortier, Yves Oscar (ed.), Ge- Northwest and in the Cornwal- Territories, upper ology of the north-central part of the Arctic lis Formation of Cornwallis Island (pp. 33, 39). Archipelago, Northwest Territories (Opera- tion Franklin). Geological Survey of Canada, 1963b. Northern Grinnell Peninsula around Memoir 320, 67 1 pp. Lyall River; pp. 250-256, text-fig. 12, colum- Receptaculites is part of the Arctic Ordovician nar-sect. 27. In Fortier, Yves Oscar (ed.), Ge- fauna, possibly from the Cornwallis Formation on ology of the north-central part of the Arctic Somerset Island in Arctic Canada (p. 1 1 8). Archipelago, Northwest Territories (Opera- tion Franklin). Geological Survey of Canada, 1970. Geology of the Arctic Archipelago; pp. Memoir 320, 671 pp. 548-590, 8 pis., 13 text-figs. In Douglas, R. A receptaculitid sponge is found in the Ordo- J. W. (ed.), Geology and economic minerals vician Cornwallis Formation ofthe northern Grin- ofCanada. Geological Survey ofCanada, Eco- nell Island 1 1 Peninsula, Devon (p. 253). nomic Geology Report no. (5th ed.), vol. , text, 838 pp.; vol. 2, maps and charts.

1963c. Copes Bay; pp. 386-395, text-fig. 25, co- Barneveld Ordovician Receptaculites is listed lumnar sect. 45. In Yves Oscar Fortier, (ed.), from the Thumb Mountain Formation of the Geology of the north-central part ofthe Arctic Cornwallis Group in the Canadian Arctic (p. 557). Archipelago, Northwest Territories (Opera- tion Franklin). Geological Survey of Canada, Ting, T. H. Memoir 320, 671 pp. 1937. Revision der Archaeocyathinen. Neues Receptaculites sp. occurs in the Arctic Ordovi- Jahrbuch fuer Mineralogie, Geologie und Pa- cian fauna of the upper part of the Middle Or- laeontologie. Beilage-Baende 78. Abteilung B: dovician Cornwallis Formation at Parrish Glacier Geologie und Palaeontologie, pp. 327-379, on southern Ellesmere Island, Northwest Terri- pis. 9-14, 12 text-figs. tories (p. 393). The Calciferous sponge Calathium Billings from See: Newfoundland is described and compared with Glenister, B. F., and R. Thorsteinsson, 1963. archaeocyathids (p. 351).

Thorsteinsson, Raymond, and Brian F. Glenister Toghill, Peter

1 963. Driftwood Bay; pp. 585-596, text-fig. 50, See: 1 table, columnar sect. 79. In Fortier, Yves Cocks, L. R. M., and P. Toghill, 1973. Oscar (ed.), Geology of the north-central part of the Arctic Archipelago, Northwest Terri- Tolmachoff, Innokentii Pavlovich tories (Operation Franklin). Geological Sur- 1926. On the fossil faunas from Per Schei's Se- vey of Canada, Memoir 320, 671 pp. ries D from Ellesmere Land with exception Receptaculites is found in the upper 100 feet of of brachiopods, corals, and cephalopods. Re- the Ordovician Cornwallis Formation on the east port of the Second Norwegian Arctic Expe- central coast of Bathurst Island (p. 588). dition in the "Fram" 1 898-1 902, no. 38. Pub-

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 185 lished by Det Norske Videnskaps-Akademii lin Mountains, West Texas (pp. 1321-1326, 1329—

Oslo (Videnskapsselskapet i Kristiania). A. W. 1330, 1332, figs. 6, 10). Broggers Boktrykkeri A/S, Oslo, Kristiania, 106 8 pp., pis. 1 978. Geologic Fieldtrip Guide to Selected Areas in West Texas and Southeastern New Mexico. Ischadites polaris n. sp. from the Devonian Db Guidebook No. 1, 188 pp., 137 figs. Cities horizon of Ostre Borgen, Ellesmere Land, is de- Service Company. Energy Resources Group, scribed and illustrated. It consists of one fragment Southwest Region, Midland, Texas. and is compared with Receptaculites neptuni (pp.

12, 16, 83-84, 91, 106; pi. 8, figs. 15-16). A silicified receptaculitid alga, Calathium, is

listed (pp. 49-50, 52, 60 and in fig. 27) from the Tomlinson, Charles Weldon Lower Ordovician Jose Formation and Mc- Kelligon Canyon Formation in the Franklin 1917. The Middle Paleozoic stratigraphy of the Mountains of West Texas, and is figured from central Rocky Mountain region. Part 1 . Jour- McKelligon Canyon in West Texas (figs. 3 1C, 33B, nal of Geology, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 112-134, 38K). 5 text-figs.

Receptaculites oweni Hall is listed from the Mid- 1980. Distribution of Lower Ordovician Cera- dle Ordovician Bighorn Formation in Montana topea (gastropod opercula) in the Kindblade and Wyoming (p. 1 30). Formation, Wichita Mountains, southwest- ern Oklahoma. Oklahoma Geology Notes, vol. Toomey, Donald Francis 40, no. 1, pp. 19-29, 4 text-figs.

The Calathium occurs in the 1964. Ellenburger (Lower Ordovician) sponge receptaculitid alga Lower Ordovician Kindblade Formation in the beds of central Texas. Tulsa Geological So- Wichita Mountains ofsouthwestern Oklahoma (pp. ciety Digest, vol. 32, pp. 98-1 11,3 pis., 2 text- 24, figs. 27-28).

The distribution of Calathium in the Ellenbur- See also: ger Group in central Texas is documented (pp. 99- Ham, W. E., and D. F. Toomey, 1966 and Calathium is more 102, 104-106). probably closely 1968. allied to the archaeocyathids or receptaculitids than Nitecki, M. H., and D. F. Toomey, 1979a and to the true a con- sponges, perhaps representing 1979b. necting link between these two groups. Riding, R., and D. F. Toomey, 1972. Rigby, J. K, and D. F. Toomey, 1978. of 1967. Additional occurrences and extension Smith, A. G., and D. F. Toomey, 1964. stratigraphic range of the problematical mi- cro-organism Nuia. Journal of Paleontology, Toomey, Donald Francis, and William E. Ham vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 1457-1460, pi. 185. 1 967. Pulchrilamina, a. new mound-building or- Spongelike Receptaculites Blainville is abundant ganism from Lower Ordovician rocks of in biostromal of the Middle Ordovician layers West Texas and southern Oklahoma. Journal Bromide Formation in southern Oklahoma (p. of Paleontology, vol. 41, no. 4, pp. 981-987, 1458). Calathium is common in North American pis. 127-128, 2 text-figs. Lower Ordovician carbonate mounds (p. 1457). The quasi-sponge Calathium, together with Ar- and Pulchrilamina form reef-like 1 970. An unhurried look at a Lower Ordovician chaeoscyphia in the Ordovician El Paso mound horizon, southern Franklin Moun- mounds Lower Group of Texas and in the Arbuckle of Okla- tains, West Texas. Journal of Sedimentary Group homa. Petrology, vol. 40, no. 4, pp. 1318-1334, 15 text-figs., 2 tables. Toomey, Donald Francis, and Jerome J. C. Ingels Calathium, a quasi-sponge, is a dominant framebuilder of the biotic mounds in the Lower 1964. Reported Silurian occurrence of Cala- Ordovician El Paso Group of the southern Frank- thium from the Thornton Reef, Illinois: a cor-

186 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY rection. Journal of Paleontology, vol. 38, no. (ed.), Geology of the north-central part of the 6, pp. 1102-1104, pi. 171. Arctic Archipelago, Northwest Territories (Operation Franklin). Geological Survey of Calathium (?) sp., previously reported by Ingels Canada, Memoir 320, 671 pp. (1963) from flank-reefdeposits in Thornton Quar-

1 is a tabulate coral. ry and by Bretz ( 939), probably Receptaculites cf. arcticus Etheridge is listed from Calathium sp., a quasi-sponge, possibly an ar- the upper part of the Ordovician Cornwallis For- is the For- chaeocyathid, figured from Kindblade mation on western Ellesmere Island (p. 374, co- mation of the Arbuckle Group (Lower Ordovi- lumnar sect. 42). cian) in the Arbuckle Mountains, Oklahoma. See also: Toomey, Donald Francis, and Karl W. Klement Thorsteinsson, R., and E. T. Tozer, 1962,

1 966. A problematical micro-organism from the 1963, and 1970. El Paso Group (Lower Ordovician) of West Texas. Journal of Paleontology, vol. 40, no. Trertin, Hans Peter 6, pp. 1304-1311, pis. 159-160, 1 text-fig. 1965a. Lower Palaeozoic sediments of north- The quasi-sponge Calathium sp. is a primary western Baffin Island, District of Franklin. mound builder in the Lower Ordovician El Paso Geological Survey of Canada, Paper 64-47,

Group of West Texas (p. 1310). 28 pp., 10 text-figs., 1 table.

Toomey, Donald Francis, and David V. LeMone Early Late Ordovician or slightly older Recep- taculites cf. arcticus Etheridge is listed from north- 1977. Some Ordovician and Silurian algae from ern Baffin Island (p. 1 7). selected areas of the southwestern United

States; pp. 351-359, 4 text-figs. In Fluegel, 1965b. Middle Ordovician to Middle Silurian Erik (ed.), Fossil Algae. Springer-Verlag, Ber- carbonate cycle, Brodeur Peninsula, north- lin and Heidelberg, 375 pp., 32 pis., 1 19 text- western Baffin Island. Bulletin of Canadian figs. Petroleum Geology, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 1 55— a Calathium Billings, problematical organism 180, 3 pis., 2 text-figs., 2 tables. that may be a dasycladaceous alga, is one of three occurs in zone lb and R. cf. arc- dominant framework builders in carbonate Receptaculites ticus in zone Ic of the Ordovician Bro- mounds of Lower Ordovician horizons in south- Etheridge deur Group on northwestern Baffin Island (pp. ern Oklahoma, West Texas, and southern New Mexico. These horizons include the El Paso Group 164-165). (McKelligon Canyon Formation) and Arbuckle 1969a. Lower Paleozoic sediments of north- Group (pp. 352, 356). The Upper Ordovician western Baffin Island, District of Franklin. Upham Dolomite of the Montoya Group in West Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin 1 57, 70 Texas contains abundant Receptaculites, also a pp., 30 text-figs., 3 tables. possible dasycladaceous alga (p. 358). Receptaculites and R. cf. arcticus Etheridge from Donald Francis, and Matthew H. Nitecki Toomey, the Arctic Ordovician fauna are found in member

1979. Organic buildups in the Lower Ordovi- B of the early Late Ordovician and slightly older cian (Canadian) of Texas and Oklahoma. Baillarge Formation of the Brodeur Group, north- Fieldiana: Geology, n. ser., no. 2, 181 pp. western Baffin Island (pp. 29, 35, 50).

The receptaculitid alga Calathium is figured from 1 969b. of Ordovician to numerous Texas and Oklahoma localities. Al- Geology Pennsylva- nian rocks, M'Clintock Inlet, north coast of though Calathium Billings 1856 from Newfound- Ellesmere Island, Canadian Arctic land differs from Calathium in the Ordovician Archipel- ago. Geological Survey ofCanada Bulletin 1 83, buildups in Texas and Oklahoma, the name Cal- 93 pp., 2 pis., 15 text-figs., 8 tables. athium is tentatively retained for both.

Receptaculites sp. from the Richmond Ordo- Tozer, Edward T. vician Zebra Cliffs Formation and Receptaculites

1963. Trold Fiord; pp. 370-380, text-fig. 24, (?) sp. from the Silurian or Ordovician (?) Marvin columnar sects. 42, 43. In Fortier, Yves Oscar Formation are listed (pp. 32, 41-42).

NITECKJ ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 187 1975. Investigations of Lower Paleozoic geol- nell Land are tentatively assigned to R. arcticus ogy of Foxe Basin, northeastern Melville Pen- Etheridge, which is described and figured (pp. 1 43-

insula, and parts of northwestern and central 145; pi. 48; pi. 49, figs. 1-5; pi. 50, figs. 1-3). Baffin Island. Geological Survey of Canada Ischadites sp. and the calcareous algae Cyclocri- Bulletin 251, 177 pp., 63 pis., 16 text-figs., 2 nites Eichwald (= Pasceolus Billings), C. cf. dar- maps, tables. wini Miller, and C. cf. claudei Miller are described and figured from the Ordovician Cape Calhoun Receptaculites, R. cf. arcticus Etheridge, and cy- beds of northern Greenland (pp. 145-147; pi. 50, clocrinitids are reported as algae from the upper figs. 4-5; pi. 51, figs. 1-4). Receptaculites neptuni, Middle and/or Upper Ordovician on the Melville R. occidentale, R. orbis, Cyclocrinites schmidti, C. Peninsula and Baffin Island (pp. 20, 23, 39, 43, oelandicus, C. spasski, C. pyriformis, Pasceolus 49, 51, 53, 56-58, 63, 69, 78, 83; text-figs. 13-15; halli, P. darwini, P. globosus, P. claudei, P. tu- table 1, pp. 131-136; table 2, pp. 137-141). Cy- midus, P. camdenensis, and the Receptaculites clocrinitids are figured (pis. 33-35). limestone (or Gonioceras Bay Series) are discussed (pp. 140-145, 156-157). Trice, E. L.

See: See also: Kottlowski, F. E., and E. L. Trice, 1958. Troedsson, G. T., 1928b.

Gustaf T. Troedsson, 1928b. On the Middle and Upper Ordovician 1926a. On the Middle and Upper Ordovician faunas of northern Greenland. Part II. Com- munications de faunas of northern Greenland. I. Cephalo- Paleontologiques. Museum

7 1 Mineralogie et de Geologie de l'Universite de pods. Meddelelser om Gronland, Bind , pp. no. 197 56 12 text- 1-157, 65 pis., 17 text-figs. Copenhague, 30, pp., pis., figs. Receptaculites oweni Hall and R. pearyi Whit- field are listed from the Ordovician of the Arctic This is identical to Troedsson, G. T., 1928a. Archipelago (pp. 9-10). Receptaculites is men- tioned from the Gonioceras Bay Formation ("Re- Troelsen, Johannes Christian ceptaculites limestone") (p. 12). 1950. Contributions to the geology of northwest Ellesmere Island and Axel Hei- See also: Greenland, berg Island. Meddelelser om Gronland, Bind Troedsson, G. T., 1926b. 149, nr. 7, 85 pp., 17 text-figs., 1 map.

1 926b. On the Middle and Ordovician Upper Receptaculites arcticus Etheridge from the head faunas of northern Greenland. I. Cephalo- of Bay Fjord in central Ellesmere Island and Re- Communications pods. Paleontologiques. ceptaculites from the Gonioceras Bay Formation Museum de et de de Mineralogie Geologie (= Receptaculites Limestone of Koch) and from l'Universite de Copenhague, no. 25, 157 pp., the Ordovician Cape Calhoun Formation of 65 17 pis., text-figs. northwest Greenland are listed (pp. 53-55, 58).

This is identical to Troedsson, G. T., 1926a. 1956. Groenland-Greenland. Congres Geolo- 1928a [1929]. On the Middle and Upper Or- gique International-Commission de Stratigra- dovician faunas of northern Greenland. Part phie. Lexique Stratigraphique International, II. Meddelelser om Gronland, Bind 72, pp. Europe. Fascicule la. Centre National de la

1-197, 56 pis., 12 text-figs. Recherche Scientifique, Paris, 1 1 6 pp.

The morphology, systematic position, and Arc- Receptaculites in Greenland is common in the tic distribution ofReceptaculites are discussed (pp. Ordovician Cape Calhoun Limestone (p. 1 5) and 140-143, 151, 155, 157-160, 162-163, 165, 167, in Middle-?Upper Ordovician Troedsson Cliff 169, 171). Receptaculites, Ischadites, Leptopoter- Formation (p. 88); R. arcticus Etheridge is com- ion, and Polygonosphaerites are sponges of uncer- mon in Middle Ordovician Gonioceras Bay Lime- tain taxonomic position. Receptaculites arcticus, stone (p. 38). Receptaculites Limestone is now di- R. pearyi, R. occidentalis, and R. oweni from Grin- vided into Cape Calhoun Limestone (p. 15),

188 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Gonioceras Bay Limestone (pp. 38, 76), and Twenhofel, William Henry Troedsson Cliff Formation (pp. 1 5, 76). 1914. The Anticosti Island faunas. Geological Survey of Canada, Museum Bulletin no. 3 See also: (Geol. ser. no. 19), 39 pp., 1 pi. Peel, J. S., P. R. Dawes, and J. C. Troelsen, 1974. The following are from Anticosti Island, Que-

bec: Cyclocrinites halli and Ischadites (?) insularis Arthur C. Trowbridge, (ed.) from the Ordovician Ellis Bay Formation, Cyclo- 1935. Guidebook. Ninth Annual Field Confer- crinites halli from the Silurian Becscie River For- mation and C. inter- ence. The Kansas Geological Society. Upper Cyclocrinitis [sic] gregarius, medin, and Ischadites from the Silurian Mississippi Valley. Iowa City, Iowa, to Du- koenigi Gun River Formation luth, Minnesota. August 25th to September (pp. 9, 12-13). 1st, 1935. Kansas Geological Society, Wich- 1916. The Silurian and high Ordovician strata ita, Kansas, 47 1 pp., 26 1 text-figs., plates, sec- of Esthonia, Russia and their faunas. Bulletin tions, and maps. ofthe Museum ofComparative Zoology, Har- Zones of oweni Hall occur in the Receptaculites vard College, vol. 56, no. 4, part 2, pp. 287- Prosser Limestone and basal Stewartville Dolo- 340, 5 pis. mite of the Ordovician, Trenton Galena Group Cyclocrinites spasski (?) Eichwald is listed from throughout the upper Mississippi Valley (pp. 59- the Ordovician Formation of Estonia 60, 72, 78, 428, 456). Lyckholm (pp. 299, 305-306). Trowbridge, Arthur C. 1928. Geology of Anticosti Island. Geological See: Survey of Canada, Memoir 154, 481 pp., 60 Shaw, E. W., and A. C. Trowbridge, 1916. pis., 1 text-fig., tables.

Trowbridge, Arthur C, and Eugene Wesley Shaw The siphonous algae (?) Cyclocrinites Eichwald, Ordovician C. halli (Billings), and Silurian C. gre- 1916. Geology and geography of the Galena and garius (Billings) and C. intermedius (Billings) are Elizabeth Quadrangles [Illinois]. Illinois State described, and C intermedius is figured (pp. 1 00- Geological Survey Bulletin 26, 233 pp., 25 102; pi. 1, fig. 10). Ischadites (?) insularis (Billings) pis., 50 text-figs. and /. cf. koenigi Murchison are described as Receptaculites oweni, a supposed sponge, is il- sponges, and the former is figured (pp. 102-103; lustrated of/?, are 1 (pi. 5, figs. 8-9). Zones oweni pi. , fig. 9). All are from Anticosti Island, Quebec. good horizon markers for the Ordovician Galena Formation (pp. 40-41, 48-49, 51-52, 55, 71). 1 938a. Geology and paleontology of the Mingan Islands, Quebec. Geological Society of Amer- Tschernyschew, Thomas ica Special Paper, no. 11, 132 pp., 24 pis., 1

1 table. See: text-fig.,

Chernuishev, T. N., 1893. Ischadites rhomboideus n. sp. is described and

figured (pp. 36-37; pi. 6, fig. 4). The original de- Tufford, Sarah, and Rudolph Hogberg scriptions of Nipterella paradoxica (Billings), Re- and 1965. Guide to fossil collecting in Minnesota. ceptaculites calciferus Billings, Receptaculites Minnesota Geological Survey, Education Se- (?) elegantulus (Billings) are given (pp. 37-38). Hinde's of to is ries 1, 30 pp., numerous text-figs. assignment Nipterella sponges questioned. All are sponges from the Mingan and Problematic sponges Ischadites and Receptac- Romaine Formations of the Mingan Islands, Que- ulites from the Ordovician Galena Formation of bec (p. 30). southeastern Minnesota are illustrated (pp. 4, 7-

8). 1938b. A new species of Receptaculites (R. pe- dunculatus) from the Silurian strata of eastern Tulloch, W. Wisconsin. Transactions of the Wisconsin See: Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters, vol. Mitchell, G. H., and others, 1962. 31, pp. 545-546, 1 pi., 2 text-figs.

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 189 Receptaculites pedunculatus n. sp. from the Si- gia tessellata Phillips, found along Dawson Bay lurian Racine Formation or coral beds of eastern and Lake Manitoba, is characteristic of the Strin- Wisconsin is described and figured. Receptaculites gocephalus zone of the Winnipegosan Formation hemisphericus Hall and R. tesselatus Winchell and (pp. 173-175, 179-180, 185-186, 197, 205). Marcy are known from the Silurian of Wisconsin. 1896. Report on the country between Athabasca Twenhofel, William Henry (Chairman, Ordovi- Lake and Churchill River with notes on two cian Subcommittee of the Committee on Stra- routes travelled between the Churchill and National Research tigraphy, Council) Saskatchewan Rivers. Geological Survey of Canada Annual n. vol. 1954. Correlation of the Ordovician formations Report, ser., 8, 1895, D, 120 pp., pis., of North America. Bulletin of the Geological Rep. maps. of vol. 65, no. 3, 247- Society America, pp. Receptaculites oweni Hall from Cambro-Silu- 298, 1 pi., 2 text-figs. rian boulders on the banks of the Big River in

Canada is listed 1 The following Ordovician fossils are listed and (p. 9). their distributions given: Nidulites pyriformis, Calathium, Receptaculites, R. arcticus, R. mam- 1897. Report on the Doobaunt, Kazan and Fer- millaris, R. biconstrictus, R. oweni, and Nidulites guson Rivers and the northwest coast of Hud- (pp. 265, 270, 272, 276-277, 286). son Bay and on two overland routes from Hudson Bay to Lake Winnipeg. Geological Twenhofel, William Henry Survey of Canada Annual Report, n. ser., vol. 9, 1896, Rep. F, 218 pp., 1 1 pis., maps. See:

Schuchert, C, and W. H. Twenhofel, 1910. Receptaculites oweni Hall is listed from Tren- Shrock, R. R., and W. H. Twenhofel, 1939 ton-age [Ordovician] boulders along the eastern and 1953. shore of Sturgeon Lake on the northwest coast of Hudson Bay (p. 101). Twenhofel, William Henry, and Robert R. Shrock 1902. on in the northeast- 1935. Invertebrate Paleontology. McGraw-Hill Report explorations ern of the District of Saskatchewan Book Co., Inc., New York, New York, 511 portion and of the District of Kee- pp., 175 text-figs. adjacent parts watin. Geological Survey of Canada Annual Lower and Middle Paleozoic Receptaculites and Report, n. ser., vol. 13, 1900, Rep. F, 48 pp., Ischadites are of uncertain af- sponges (?) biologic lpl. finities (pp. 66, 70). Middle Ordovician R. oweni from Illinois and /. iowensis from Iowa are figured Receptaculites oweni Hall is found along Lake in (p. 67, text-fig. 67). Paleozoic Cyclocrinites, Nid- Winnipeg, Sturgeon Lake, and Wekusko Lake ulites, and Pasceolus are probably algae rather than the Districts of Saskatchewan and Keewatin, Can- sponges (p. 68). ada (pp. 15, 37,43).

Tynan, Eugene J. Ulrich, Edward O.

See: 1878. Descriptions of some new species of fos- V. E., P. E. L. P. Barnes, Cloud, Jr., Dixon, sils, from the Cincinnati Group. Journal of R. L. E. C. A. R. Folk, Jones, Palmer, and the Cincinnati Society of Natural History, 1959. E.J.Tynan, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 92-100, pi. 4.

Anomaloides n. reticulatus n. from the Tyrrell, Joseph Burr gen. sp. [Ordovician] Cincinnati Group at Covington, 1892. Report on north-western Manitoba with Kentucky, is described and illustrated as an echi- ofthe districts ofAssiniboia portions adjacent noderm of uncertain taxonomic position (pp. 92- and Saskatchewan. Geological Survey ofCan- 93; pi. 4, figs. 6, 6a, and 6b). ada Annual Report, n. ser., vol. 5, part 1, Rep. E, 224 pp., pis., text-figs., tables, maps. 1879. Descriptions of new genera and species The Middle Devonian protozoan Sphaerospon- of fossils from the Lower Silurian about Cin-

190 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY cinnati. Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Calathium canadense Billings and C. infelix Ul- Natural History, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 8-30, pi. 7. rich and Everett may be the nearest relatives of a new sponge genus, Syringophyllum (p. 250). Lepidolites n. gen., L. dickhauti n. sp., and L. elongatus n. sp. are described and illustrated from 1 893. nov. nom. On the struc- the [Upper Ordovician] Hudson River Group near Anomalospongia, ture and systematic position of "Anoma- Covington, Kentucky (pp. 20-22; pi. 7, figs. 16- loides" and a proposal to the name to 1 7). Lepidolites, although similar to Pasceolus, be- change 13- longs to a new family or order. Anomalospongia; pp. 68-74; pi. F, figs. 15; 1 text-fig. In Winchell, Newton H., and Charles Schuchert, Sponges, graptolites and 1880. Catalogue of Fossils occurring in the Cin- corals from the Lower Silurian of Minnesota cinnati Group of Ohio, Indiana, and Ken- [advance printing of Ulrich, E. O., 1895]. tucky. James Barclay, Cincinnati, Ohio, 31

PP. Anomalospongia n. gen. (= Anomaloides) retic- ulata from Covington, Kentucky, is described and Astylospongia tumida James and Calathium ob- illustrated as a sponge. A new, unnamed order is liquum Ulrich [nomen nudum] are listed as proposed to include Anomalospongia, Amphi- sponges. Anomaloides reticulatus Ulrich, Lepi- spongia, and Receptaculitidae. dolites dickhauti Ulrich, L. elongatus Ulrich, Pas- ceolus claudei Miller, P. darwini Miller, and P. globosus Billings are of uncertain taxonomic po- 1895. Anomalospongia, nov. nom. On the sition. These are from the Lower Silurian [Ordo- structure and systematic position of "An- vician] Cincinnati Group of Ohio, Indiana, and omaloides" and a proposal to change the name Kentucky (pp. 3, 30). to Anomalospongia; pp. 68-74; pi. F, figs. 13- 15; 1 text-fig. In Winchell, Newton H., and Charles and 1889. Preliminary description of new Lower Si- Schuchert, Sponges, graptolites corals from the Lower Silurian of Minnesota. lurian sponges. The American Geologist, vol. The of Minnesota. Volume Part 3, no. 4, pp. 233-248. Geology 3, 1, of the Final Report. Paleontology. Geolog- Leptopoterion n. gen. mammiferum n. sp. [a re- ical and Natural History Survey of Minne- is described ceptaculitid] from the Lower Silurian sota. Harrison and Smith, State Printers, Min- Cincinnati [Ordovician] Group (p. 239). neapolis, Minnesota, pp. 55-95, pis. F-G, 7 text-figs. 1890a. American Palaeozoic sponges. Geolog- This is identical to Ulrich, E. O., 1893. ical Survey of Illinois. Volume 8. Geology and Paleontology. Published by authority of the Legislature of Illinois, Springfield, Illinois, pp. 1911. Revision of the Paleozoic systems. Bul- 209-241, 10 text-figs. letin of the Geological Society of America, vol. 22, pp. 281-680, pis. 25-29. Lepidolites dickhauti and L. elongatus Ulrich belong to the Receptaculitidae (p. 239). Calathium The following are listed: Receptaculites oweni (?) is listed from the Calciferous and Quebec Groups from the Ordovician Kimmswick Limestone in of the "Cambrian" [Ordovician] System (p. 2 1 6). the vicinity of Thebes, Illinois, and Cape Gi-

The following sponges are listed: Calathium, C. rardeau, Missouri (pp. 309-3 1 0); Calathium from affine Billings, C anstedi Billings, C. (?) canadense the Ceratopea zone in the Wichita Mountain sec-

Billings, C. fittoni Billings, C. (?) formosum Bil- tion of southwestern Oklahoma (p. 667); and Nid- lings, C. pannosum Billings, C. paradoxicum Bil- ulites favus from Pennsylvania, Tennessee, and lings, C. (?) infelix Ulrich and Everett, Receptac- Kentucky (pp. 327, 329, 5 1 5). Nidulites zones are ulites, and Lepidolites (pp. 217, 235, 238). stratigraphic markers in the Chambersburg Lime- stone of southern Pennsylvania (pp. 322, 324-328). 1890b. Sponges of the Devonian and Carbon- iferous Systems. Geological Survey of Illinois. See also: Volume 8. Geology and Paleontology. Pub- Anonymous, 1888c. lished by authority of the Legislature of Illi- Winchell, N. H., and E. O. Ulrich, 1895 and

nois, Springfield, Illinois, pp. 243-25 1 . 1897.

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 191 Ulrich, Edward O., and Oliver Everett Van Cleve, John W.

1 890. of Lower Silurian Descriptions sponges. 1 849. [On the fossil zoophytes ofwestern Ohio.] Geological Survey of Illinois. Volume 8. Ge- Proceedings of the American Association for

and Paleontology. Published au- 1 1 ology by the Advancement of Science, vol. , pp. 9- thority of the Legislature of Illinois, Spring- 24. field, Illinois (pp. 253-282, pis. 1-8). A description and illustration of the coral Cos- Calathium Ulrich and (?) (? Zittelella) infelix cinopora sulcata Goldfuss from the lead region in Everett from the Trenton Limestone of [sponge] Iowa is claimed to be ready for publication in Van is described and 274- Dixon, Illinois, figured (pp. Cleve's "Fossil zoophytes of western Ohio, with a 275; pi. 5, 1, la). figs. few additions from other western localities" [never published]. Unfer, Louis, Jr., and George H. Fraunfelter (eds.)

1973. Guidebook to the Cambro-Ordovician Van Lieu, J. A. rocks of the eastern Ozarks. Illinois Geolog- See: ical Society. Field Conference, June 8 and 9, Keefer, W. R., and J. A. Van 1966. 1973. Southeast Missouri State University- Lieu, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Il- linois, 48 pp., 12 text-figs. Van Tuyl, Francis M.

Receptaculites oweni from the Ordovician See: Kimmswick Limestone in southeastern Missouri Savage, T. E., and F. M. Van Tuyl, 1919. is listed (pp. 13, 18). Varfolomeev, P. N. Unklesbay, Athel Glyde See: 1955. The common fossils of Missouri. Mis- Malchevskaya, T. M., L. V. Romanovskaya, souri Handbook Series, University of Mis- and P. N. Varfolomeev, 1966. souri Press, no. 4, 98 pp., 17 pis., 15 text-figs.

fossil for the Receptaculites, an index Ordovi- Verneuil, Edouard de [Phillippe Edouard Poul- cian in is Kimmswick Formation Missouri, listed letier de Verneuil] and illustrated as a sponge (?) (pp. 30-31; pi. 1, See: fig. 2). Archiac, [E. J. A. D.], and E. de Verneuil, Upham, Warren 1842. Murchison, R. I., E. de Verneuil, and A. de 1884. The geology of Cottonwood and Jackson Keyserling, 1845. Counties; pp. 491-516. In Winchell, Newton H., and Warren Upham, The Geology ofMin- Verniory, Rene nesota. Volume 1, of the Final Report. Geo- and Natural Min- logical History Survey of 1970. Atlas de Paleontologie des Invertebres. nesota. Published by authority of the State of Librairie de l'Universite Georg., Geneve, 222 St. 697 Minnesota, Paul, Minnesota, pp. pp., 84 pis.

is found in the drift in Receptaculites glacial Receptaculitids are dictyonine hexactinellid Cottonwood County, Minnesota (p. 5 1 0). sponges (p. 36).

Uyeno, T. T. Verrill, Addison Emory See: 1865. minutes of the March 1864 Norris, A. W., and T. T. Uyeno, 1971. [Untitled 2, meeting.] Proceedings of the Boston Society Vachard, Daniel of Natural History, vol. 10, p. 19.

See: Pasceolus halli Billings from Anticosti Island, Bassoullet, J.-P., P. Bernier, R. Deloffre, P. Quebec, is a cystidean, rather than an ascidian as Genot, M. Jaffrezo, and D. Vachard, 1979. suggested by Billings.

192 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Vigrass, Laurence W. ologic affinities is figured from the Middle Ordo- vician Chambersburg Limestone of Maryland (pp. 1971. Depositional framework of the Winnipeg 78, 194; pi. 2, figs. 7-8, after Bassler, 1919). Formation in Manitoba and eastern Saskatch- ewan; pp. 225-234, 8 text-figs. In Turnock, Vologdin, Aleksandr Grigorevich Allan C. (ed.), Geoscience studies in Mani- toba. Geological Association of Canada, Spe- 1962. Drevneishne vodorosli SSSR. Akademia cial Paper 9, 352 pp. Nauk SSSR, Moskva, 656 pp., 126 pis., 135 text-figs., 18 tables. Receptaculites is found in the basin margin fa- des of the Middle Ordovician Winnipeg Forma- Coelosphaeridium, Cyclocrinus, Mastopora, and tion in Manitoba and Saskatchewan (p. 232). Apidium are listed as Paleozoic Dasycladacea (p. 58). Vlasov, A. N. Vologdin, Aleksandr Grigorevich, and A. B. Mas- 1 965. Tip Porifera, Klass Receptaculitida; p. 407, lov fig. 19. In Beznosov, G. A., and F. A. Zhu- ravlev (eds.), Paleontologicheskii Slovar. 1 960. O novoy gruppe iskopayemykh organiz- Nauka, Moskva, 615 pp., 164 figs. mov iz nizov yudomskoy svity sibirskoy plat- formy. [A new group of fossil organisms from Class Receptaculitida is described, and Sush- the bottom of the Yudoma Series of the Si- kin's 1955 figure is reproduced. berian Platform.] Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR, vol. 134, no. 3, pp. 691-693, 2 text- Vogeltanz, Rudolf figs. 1969. Receptaculites neptuni (Defrance) from Suvorovellidae n. fam. and Suvorovella n. gen. Devonian ofOwir An, Chitral, West Pakistan. and Majaella n. gen. of uncertain taxonomic po- Record of the Geological Survey of Pakistan, sition may have given rise to certain receptaculi- vol. 19, 4 pp., 2 pis. tids. Receptaculites neptuni (Defrance) from a De- vonian oolitic limestone in Owir An, West Paki- See also: stan, is described and illustrated. Vologdin, A. G., and A. B. Maslov, 1961.

Vogeltanz, Rudolf, and M . A. Diemberger-Sironi 1 96 1 . A new group of fossil organisms from the bottom of the Yudoma series of the Siberian 1 968. Receptaculites neptuni Defrance in Devon platform. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR, des Hindukusch. Oesterreichische Akademie Earth Science Sect., vol. 134,nos. 1-6. English der Wissenschaften. Mathematische-Natur- Translation. American Geological Institute, wissenschaftliche Klasse, Anzeiger, Nr. 5, pp. pp. 1031-1034, figs. 1-2. 100-101. This is an English translation of Vologdin, A. Receptaculites neptuni from the Upper Devo- G., and A. B. Maslov, 1960. nian of the Chitral region of Pakistan is men- tioned. Vosmaer, G. C. J.

Voigt, Ehrhard 1887. Dr. H. G. Bronn's Klassen und Ordnun- gen der Spongien (Porifera) Wissenschaflich See: Dargestellt in Wort und Bild. Winter'sche Hucke, K., and E. Voigt, 1967. Verlags-handlung, Leipzig und Heidelberg,

496 pp., 34 pis., 53 text- figs. Vokes, Harold E. The family Receptaculitidae (suborder Lyssak- 1957. Geography and geology of Maryland. ina) consists of: Ischadites Murchison (= Tetra- Maryland Department ofGeology, Mines, and = gonis Eichwald Zamia), Sphaerospongia Pen- Water Resources Bulletin 19, 243 pp., 28 pis., = gelly (= Sphaeronites Phillips Pasceolus Kayser 32 text-figs., 12 tables. = = = Polygonosphaerites Roemer Protocrinites Spongelike Nidulites pyriformis of uncertain bi- Echinosphaerites), Acanthochonia Hinde, and Re-

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 193 ceptaculites Defrance (pp. 275, 405). Ischadites ko- Hall are found in the Silurian [Ordovician] Fre- enigii Murchison is figured (pi. 25, figs. 4-5) and mont Limestone near Canon City, Colorado (p.

Sphaerospongia is redescribed (pp. 228, 23 1). The 159). following are listed: Cyclocrinites Eichwald, Cy- clocrinus Eichwald, Amphispongia Salter, Calath- 1924. Geological formations of Beaverfoot- ium Billings, and Pasceolus Billings (pp. 258, 393, Brisco-Stanford Range, British Columbia, 400). Canada. Cambrian geology and paleontology, V. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections,

Waines, R. H. vol. 75, no. 1,51 pp., 8 pis., 1 1 text-figs.

See: Receptaculites sp. occurs in the Silurian [Or- Langenheim, R. L., Jr., B. W. Carss, J. B. dovician] Beaverfoot Formation and the Ordo- R. Kennerly, V. A. McCutcheon, and H. vician Sarbach (?) Formation (Sinclair Canyon Waines, 1962. Section) of the Beaverfoot-Brisco-Stanford Range, British Columbia (pp. 13, 16, 35). Walcott, Charles D. 1928. Pre-Devonian Paleozoic formations of the 1884. Paleontology of the Eureka District. Cordilleran provinces of Canada. Cambrian Monographs of the United States Geological geology and paleontology, V. Smithsonian Survey, vol. 8, 298 pp., 24 pis., 7 text-figs., Miscellaneous vol. no. tables. Collections, 75, 5, pp. 175-368, pis. 26-108, text-figs. 24-35. Receptaculites mammillaris n. sp. Newberry MS Canadian Calathium (?) sp., a re- 1 1 1 jR. n. R. [Ordovician] (pi. , fig. 1), elongatus sp. and ellipticus ceptaculitid but not Receptaculites, and Receptac- n. sp. (pi. 1 1, fig. 12) from the upper part of the ulites (?) occur in the lower and middle part of Lower Silurian [Ordovician] Pogonip Group in the sp. the Sarbach Formation in Clearwater north Eureka district and other parts of Nevada are de- Canyon of Lake Louise, Alberta (p. 330). Receptaculites scribed. Receptaculitesfungosum, R. infundibulus, sp. from the Silurian [Ordovician] Beaverfoot For- R. insularis, R. jonesi, R. neptuni, and Ischadites mation of the Beaverfoot-Brisco-Stanford Range tessellatus are rhizopods (pp. 4, 65-67). in British Columbia is listed (p. 2 1 5).

1891. Correlation papers; Cambrian. Bulletin of Donald B. the United States Geological Survey, 81, 447 Wales, pp., 3 pis., 5 text-figs. See: V. A. H. and D. B. Lower Silurian [Ordovician] Receptaculites, in- Kurtz, E., McNair, Wales, 1952. cluding R. mammillaris, are found in the Upper Cambrian [Ordovician] Pogonip Limestone of the R. Eureka district, Nevada (pp. 316-317). Walker, Kenneth

1974. Reefs through time; a synoptic review; 1 892a. Appendix A. Systematic list of fossils pp. 8.1-8.20, 19 text-figs. In Ziegler, Alfred found at Eureka, Nevada. Monographs of the M., Kenneth R. Walker, E. J. Anderson, E. United States Geological Survey, vol. 20, pp. Kauffman, Robert N. Ginsburg, and N. P. 319-333. James, Sedimenta IV. Principles of Benthic

Ordovician rhizopods Receptaculites ellipticus Community Analysis. Comparative Sedi- Walcott, R. elongatus Walcott, and R. mammil- mentology Laboratory, University of Miami, laris Newberry from the Upper Eureka, and R. Miami, Florida. mammillaris from the Upper White Pine of Ne- A pleosponge [Calathium] is present in the Or- vada are listed (p. 322). dovician Carters reef (p. 8.7).

1892b. Preliminary notes on the discovery of a See also: vertebrate fauna in Silurian strata. Bulletin of Alberstadt, L. P., and K. R. Walker, 1975 and the Geological Society of America, vol. 3, pp. 1976. 153-172, pis. 3-5. Alberstadt, L. P., K. R. Walker, and R. P. The protozoans Receptaculites sp. and R. oweni Zurawski, 1974.

194 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Stephenson, J. P., K. R. Walker, and R. E. Walton, John McLaughlin, 1973. 1940. An Introduction to the Study of Fossil

Plants. Adam and Charles Black, London, 1 88 Walker, Kenneth R .. and Leonard P. Alberstadt pp., 139 text-figs. 1975. succession as an of Ecological aspect Ordovician Cyclocrinus is related to living Das- structure in fossil communities. Paleobiology, ycladaceae (p. 1 8). vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 238-257, 7 text-figs., 5 tables. See also: Calathid sponges are found in the colonization Walton, J., 1953. stage of a community succession within the Mid- dle Ordovician Carters Formation of Tennessee 1953. An Introduction to the Study of Fossil (p. 241). Plants. Adam and Charles Black, London, 20 1

pp., 138 text-figs., 3 tables. Wallace, Robert Charles The entry on Cyclocrinus (p. 1 8) is identical to 1925. The geological formations of Manitoba. Walton, J., 1940. Natural History Society of Manitoba, Win-

Manitoba, 58 8 pis., 1 nipeg, pp., map. Warren, Percival Sidney oweni from the Ordovician Receptaculites (Hall) 1944. The role of Sphaerospongia tessellata in Lower and Upper Mottled Limestones on Lake the MacKenzie River Devonian. Canadian Manitoba, is listed and 16, Winnipeg, figured (pp. Field Naturalist, vol. 58, no. 1, pp. 28-29, 18; pi. 4, fig. 1). lpl.

Sphaerospongia tessellata (Phillips) from the Walossek, Charles Middle Devonian Stringocephalus zone of the 1962. Ein Massenvorkommen von Receptacu- Ramparts Limestone in the Lower MacKenzie lites neptuni Defr. in den Freilinger Schichten Valley, Canada, is discussed and figured. der Prumer Mulde bei Bruehlborn (Mittel-

devon, Eifel). Decheniana, Band 1 14, Heft 2, 1949. Fossil zones of Devonian of Alberta. Bul- pp. 210-212. letin of the American Association of Petro- leum Geologists, vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 564-571, Receptaculites neptuni is abundant in the Mid- 1 text-fig. dle Devonian near Bruehlborn, Germany. The Middle Devonian sponge Sphaerospongia tessellata (Phillips) is present in the Stringo- Walter, M. R., J. H. Shergold, M. D. Muir, and zone the Red River in Manitoba Peter D. Kruse cephalus along and on Great Slave Lake (p. 571). 1979. Early Cambrian and latest Proterozoic stratigraphy, Desert Syncline, southern Geor- Warren, Percival Sidney, and Charles Richard gina Basin. Journal of the Geological Society Stelck of Australia, vol. 26, pp. 305-312. 1 950. Succession of Devonian faunas in western

Radiocyathus minor (Bedford and Bedford) is Canada. Transactions of the Royal Society of listed (p. 308). Canada, ser. 3, vol. 44, sect. 4, pp. 61-78, 1 text-fig. Walton, E. K. Devonian Sphaerospongia sp. and S. tessellata (Phillips) from the Hare Indian River Shale of the 1965. Lower Palaeozoic rocks— stratigraphy; pp. MacKenzie Valley, Arctic Canada, and Sphaero- 161-220, 16 text-figs. In Craig, Gordon Y. spongia sp. from the Winnipegosan Dolomite of (ed.), The Geology of Scotland. Archon Books, Manitoba are listed (pp. 74-76). Hamden, Connecticut, 556 pp.

Nidulites favus occurs in the Silurian Mulloch 1956. Devonian faunas of western Canada. Hill Formation of the Newlands Group in the Geological Association of Canada, Special

Craighead inlier of Scotland (p. 192). Paper no. 1, 15 pp., 29 pis.

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 195 Sphaerospongia sp. and S. tessellata (Phillips) Receptaculites sp. and R. mammillaris Walcott from the Devonian Hare Indian Shale of the are found in the Middle Ordovician of western

Territories are 1 Northwest figured (pi. , fig. 9; pi. Utah and eastern Nevada: the Pogonip Group (un- 2, fig. 11; pi. 3, fig. 1). divided), the Kanosh Shale of the Pogonip Group, and the Swan Peak Formation. Receptaculites Washburn, Albert Lincoln mammillaris also characterizes trilobite zone M (pp. 40, 48-49, 51, 53-55, 59, 61, 68). 1947. Reconnaissance geology of portions of Victoria Island and adjacent regions, Arctic 1958. Middle Ordovician stratigraphy in east- Canada. Geological Society of America, ern Nevada and western Utah. Bulletin of the Memoir 22, 142 pp., 32 pis., 4 text-figs. American Association of Petroleum Geolo-

Receptaculites manitobensis [nom. nud.] is pres- gists, vol. 42, no. 10, pp. 2335-2377, 13 text- ent in Terror Bay, King William Island, in Upper figs. Ordovician rocks correlated with the Bighorn Ordovician Receptaculites sp. is found in the Limestone or Selkirk Formation (p. 24). Lehman and Copenhagen Formations and the Po- gonip Group in eastern Nevada, and the Kanosh Washburn, Robert H. Shale in Utah. Receptaculites elongatus occurs in 1970. Paleozoic of Toiyabe Range, southern the Garden City Limestone in Utah. Lander County, Nevada. Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geolo- Webers, Gerald F. gists, vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 275-284, 7 text-figs. 1972. Paleoecology of the Cambrian and Or- Receptaculites is found in the Ordovician An- dovician strata of Minnesota; pp. 474-484, telope Valley Limestone at Toiyabe Peak, Nevada 10 text-figs., 1 table. In Sims, P. K., and G. (p. 281). B. Morey (eds.), Geology of Minnesota: A Centennial Volume. Minnesota Geological Waterlot, Gerard Survey, St. Paul, Minnesota, 632 pp.

1932. Structure et position systematique de Re- The Middle Ordovician Galena Formation of ceptaculites neptuni Defrance. Annales de la southeastern Minnesota contains problematic Re- Societe Geologique du Nord, Tome 57, pp. ceptaculites oweni in the Cummingsville Member,

2-21, pi. 1, text-figs. 1-10. Ischadites iowensis in the Prosser Member, and Receptaculites in the Stewartville Member (pp. 477, Devonian Receptaculites neptuni Defrance from 479-480). France and Belgium is described and illustrated. Systematic interpretations are discussed and re- See also: ceptaculitids are considered calcareous sponges re- Webers, G. F., 1979. lated to lyssaccine siliceous sponges.

1979. Paleoecology of the Cambrian and Waterlot, Gerard, Alphonse Beugnies, Antoine strata 1 1 Ordovician of Minnesota; pp. 8-3 , Bonte, Jean-Marie Charlet, and Paul Corsin numerous text-figs. In Darby, David, and

1973. Ardenne; pp. 1-134. In Pomerol, Ch. (ed.), Gerald F. Webers (eds.), Cambrian and Or-

Guides geologique regionaux. Ardenne [et] dovician Stratigraphy and Paleontology of Luxemborg. Masson et Cie, Paris, 206 pp. Southeastern Minnesota. Field Trip No. 6. Geological Society ofAmerica. North-Central Devonian Frasnian Receptaculites neptuni is Section, 1 3th Annual Meeting, and the Insti- listed from three localities (pp. 22, 68, 79) and tute of Lake Superior Geology, 25th Meeting. figured (pi. 4, fig. 7) from Ardennes. Duluth, Minnesota.

Webb, Gregory W. This is identical to Webers, G. F., 1972.

1956. Middle Ordovician detailed stratigraphic Weeks, Fred Boughton sections for western Utah and eastern Neva- da. Utah Geological and Mineralogical Sur- 1902. North American geologic formation vey Bulletin 57, 77 pp., 12 text-figs. names: bibliography, synonymy and distri-

196 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY bution. Bulletin of the United States Geolog- Weiss, Malcolm P., and W. Charles Bell ical Survey, 191, 448 pp. 1956. Middle Ordovician rocks of Minnesota

The Silurian [Ordovician] Receptaculites lime- and their lateral relations; pp. 55-73, text-figs. stone of Shumard (1857) was referred to as the 1 1-15, 1 table. In Schwartz, George M. (ed.), Receptaculite limestone in subsequent Missouri Guidebook for Field Trips. Minneapolis Geological Survey reports (p. 345). Meeting, 1956. Field Trip no. 2, Lower Pa- leozoic Geology ofthe Upper Mississippi Val- Weeks, R. A. ley. Geological Society of America, New York, New York, 110 pp. See: oweni Hall from the West, W. S., and R. A. Weeks, 1 976 and 1 977. Receptaculites Cummings- ville, Prosser, and Stewartville Members and Is- chadites iowensis from the Prosser Member of the Weiss, Malcolm P. Galena Formation in Minnesota are listed (pp. 66- Ordovician fossils 1954. Notes on some Middle 67, 69). Upper and lower Receptaculites zones from Minnesota. Journal of Paleontology, vol. contain R. oweni. 28, no. 4, pp. 427-429, pi. 41. James R. Ischadites iowensis (Owen) from the Ordovician Welch, Prosser Member of the Galena Formation is de- See: scribed and 4 1 and figured (pi. , figs. 1-2) compared Shaver, R. H., and others, 1978. with /. ottawaensis Wilson and Receptaculites ow- eni. Ischadites sp. is present in the uppermost Weller, J. Marvin Stewartville Member of the Galena Formation, and R. oweni in the basal and top parts of the 1969. The Course of Evolution. McGraw-Hill Ischadites zone. The class Receptaculitida is placed Book Co., New York, New York, 696 pp., in the phylum Porifera. numerous text-figs., 46 tables.

Receptaculites and Ischadites of uncertain taxo- 1 955. Some Ordovician brachiopods from Min- nomic position are illustrated and described (pp. nesota and their stratigraphic relations. Jour- 582-583, fig. 583). nal of Paleontology, vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 759- 774. See also:

Receptaculites oweni, which defines the lower Leighton, M. M., and J. M. Weller, 1939. Receptaculites zone, occurs throughout the Cum- mingsville Member (new name) of the Ordovician Weller, Stuart Galena Formation in southeastern Minnesota (pp. 1903. The Palaeozoic Faunas. Report on Pa- 764-766). leontology. Volume 3. Geological Survey of New Jersey, Trenton, New Jersey, 462 pp., 1 957. Upper Middle Ordovician stratigraphy of 53 pis. Fillmore County, Minnesota. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, vol. 68, no. 8, The Ordovician sponge Receptaculites occiden- pp. 1027-1062, 5 pis., 2 text-figs., 2 tables. tal Salter from the Trenton of New Jersey is de- scribed and figured (pp. 40-41, 45-47, 135-136; The distribution of the sponges Receptaculites pi. 6, figs. 2-4). oweni Hall, Ischadites iowensis (Owen), and Is- chadites sp. in the upper Middle Ordovician Ga- 1 907a. Notes on the geology of southern Cal- lena Formation in Fillmore County, Minnesota, houn County. Illinois State Geological Survey and adjacent areas is discussed. The New York Bulletin 4, Yearbook for 1906, pp. 219-233. and Minnesota distributions of Receptaculites sp. are compared (pp. 1037-1039, 1042, 1044, 1048, Receptaculites, probably R. oweni, is abundant 1054-1056, 1058-1059, pi. 5, tables 1-2). in the Ordovician Kimmswick ("Receptaculite") Limestone of Calhoun County, Illinois (p. 223). See also:

Sloan, R. E., and M. P. Weiss, 1956. 1 907b. The pre-Richmond unconformity in the

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 197 Mississippi Valley. Journal of Geology, vol. 1956. Receptaculites in the Upper Devonian of 15, no. 6, pp. 519-525, 1 text-fig. New York. Journal of Paleontology, vol. 30,

no. 3, pp. 747-748; pi. 82, figs. 1-2. Receptaculites is abundant in the Ordovician Kimmswick Limestone of Jefferson County, Mis- The problematic sponge-like Receptaculites aff. souri (p. 524). monticulatus from the Upper Devonian Sher- burne Formation of New York is described and 1911. Are the fossils of the dolomites indicative figured. Lower Devonian Receptaculites and Is- ofshallow, highly saline and warm water seas? chadites from the Helderberg Group are discussed. Conference on the faunal criteria in Paleozoic The name Receptaculites is [for the first time cor- paleogeography. Bulletin of the Geological rectly] credited to Deshayes, 1828, rather than Society of America, vol. 22, pp. 227-231. Blainville, 1830.

Receptaculites oweni and Receptaculites spp. are 1963. Early investigations of the Devonian sys- found in the Ordovician Galena Formation in Il- tem in New York, 1656-1836. Geological So- linois, Wisconsin, Iowa, and Minnesota, the Tren- ciety of America, Special Papers no. 74, 74 ton Limestone of the eastern U.S., and the upper pp., 1 1 pis., 8 text-figs. Kimmswick Limestone (= Receptaculite Lime- stone) of Missouri (p. 228). The following species, listed by Eaton (1832) as Upper Cretaceous or Jurassic, are now known to See also: be Devonian: New Scotland Coscinopora (= Re- Kuemmel, H. B., and S. Weller, 1901. ceptaculites) macropora Goldfuss and Helderber- gian C. infundibuliformis Goldfuss (= R. monti- Weller, Stuart, and Stuart St. Clair culatus Hall) and C. (= Receptaculites) sulcata Goldfuss (p. 54). 1928. Geology of Ste. Genevieve County, Mis- souri. Missouri Bureau of Geology and Mines West, P. W. Report, 2nd ser., vol. 22, 352 pp., 15 pis., 5

text-figs. See: Kruse, P. D., and P. W. West, 1980. Receptaculites oweni is common in the Ordo- vician Kimmswick Limestone (Receptaculite West, Walter S. Limestone) in Missouri (pp. 112-113, 115). Re- ceptaculites sp. and R. oweni from the Kimmswick See:

Limestone at Glen Park and Calathium sp. [?] Heyl, A. V., Jr., W. A. Broughton, and W. S. from the Jefferson City Formation are listed (pp. West, 1970. 80, 116). Klemic, H., and W. S. West, 1964. Whitlow, J. W., and W. S. West, 1966a, 1966b, Wells, Jack S. and 1966c.

See: West, Walter S., and Philip M. Blacet Martin, J. A., and J. S. Wells, 1966. 1971. Geologic map of the Lancaster Quadran- Wells, John W. gle, Grant County, Wisconsin. United States Geological Survey Quadrangle Map GQ-949. 1940. Sphaerospongia in the Tully Formation. Journal of Paleontology, vol. 14, no. 5, pp. Receptaculites oweni in Receptaculites zones are

502-504, 2 text-figs., 1 table. common in the Prosser and Stewartville Members of the Ordovician Galena Group in Grant County, A cf. tes- receptaculitid sponge, Sphaerospongia Wisconsin. sellata (Phillips) from the Middle Devonian (?) Tully Limestone in Onondaga County, New York, West, Walter S., and R. A. Weeks is described and illustrated. It also occurs in the Givetian Stringocephalus zone of Devonshire and 1976. Zinc and lead. Mineral and Water Re- Manitoba. Sphaerospongia cornucopiae (Gold- sources of Wisconsin. Report prepared by the fuss) occurs in the Middle Devonian of the Eifel United States Geological Survey in collabo- region. ration with the Wisconsin Geological and

198 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Natural History Survey. Printed for the use Weyland, Hermann of the Committee on Interior and Insular Af- See: fairs, U.S. Senate, 94th Congress, 2nd Ses- Gothan, W., and H. Weyland, 1954. sion. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., pp. 132-145. Wheeler, Harry E., and Dwight M . Lemmon Receptaculites occurs in the Prosser and Stew- artville Members of the Middle Ordovician Ga- 1939. Cambrian formations of the Eureka and Pioche of lena Dolomite in Wisconsin (pp. 138-139). districts, Nevada. University Ne- vada Bulletin, vol. 33, no. 3, 60 pp., 1 1 text-

1977. Zinc and lead resources of Wisconsin. figs. UIR/Research Newsletter, University-Indus- Ordovician Receptaculites ellipticus Walcott, R. try Research Program, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 10- elongatus Walcott, and R. mammillaris Newberry 11,1 text-fig. are present in the "Pogonip" Limestone in the Receptaculites occurs in two units of the Middle Eureka district of Nevada (p. 28). Ordovician Galena Dolomite in Wisconsin. White, Charles A. West, Walter S., Jesse W. Whitlow, C. Ervin 1877. the invertebrate fossils col- Brown, and Allen V. Heyl, Jr. Report upon lected in portions ofNevada, Utah, Colorado, 1971. of the Ellenboro Geologic map Quadran- New Mexico, and Arizona, by parties of the gle, Grant County, Wisconsin. United States Expeditions of 1871, 1872, 1873, and 1874. Geological Survey Quadrangle Map GQ-959. Report upon United States Geographical Sur- veys west of the 100th meridian in charge of Receptaculites oweni occurs in Receptaculites First Lieutenant M. Volume zones in the Prosser and Stewartville Members of George Wheeler, 4. Part I. U.S. Government the Ordovician Galena Group in Grant County, Paleontology. 219 Wisconsin. Printing Office, Washington, D.C., pp., 21 pis.

Lewis G., and Westgate, Adolph Knopf An [Ordovician] foraminifer, Receptaculites sp. is described from Utah 1932. Geology and ore deposits of the Pioche (?), (p. 50). district, Nevada. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 171, 79 pp., 8 pis., White, Charles A., and Henry Alleyne Nicholson

1 3 text-figs. 1878. Bibliography of North American inver- Calathium sp. from the Ordovician Beekman- tebrate paleontology, being a report upon the townian Yellow Hill Limestone, and Receptacu- publications that have hitherto been made lites ellipticus and R. mammillaris from the Or- upon the invertebrate paleontology of North dovician Chazyan Tank Hill Limestone are found America, including the West Indies and in the Ely Springs Range, Nevada (pp. 14-15). Greenland. Miscellaneous Publications no. 10. United States Geological Survey of the Ter- Wetherby, Albert Gallatin ritories. F. V. Hayden, U.S. Geologist in charge, 132 pp. 1880. Remarks on the Trenton Limestone of

Kentucky, with descriptions of new fossils Selected references to receptaculitids are includ- from that formation and the Kaskaskia (Ches- ed. ter) Group, Sub-Carboniferous. Journal of the Cincinnati of Natural vol. Society History, 3, See also: pp. 144-160, pi. 5. White, C. A., and H. A. Nicholson, 1879.

Receptaculites sp. is listed from the Orthis bed of the [Ordovician] Trenton Limestone south of 1879. Supplement to the bibliography of North High Bridge, Kentucky (p. 147). American invertebrate paleontology. United States Geological (and Geographical) Survey

See also: of the Territories, Bulletin, vol. 5, no. 1, pp.

Mickleborough, J., and A. G. Wetherby, 1 878. 143-152.

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 199 This is a supplement to White, C. A., and H. the family Receptaculitidae, from Dawson Bay, A. Nicholson, 1878. Lake Winnipegosis, Manitoba, is described and illustrated. Polygonosphaerites Roemer is a syn- Whiteaves, Joseph Frederick onym of Sphaerospongia Pengelly and Scyphia cornucopiae is a synonym of Sphaerospongia tes- 1880. On some Silurian and Devonian fossils sellata. Sphaerospongia megarhaphis is men- from Manitoba and the valleys of the Nelson tioned (pp. 259-263; pi. 33, figs. 1-10). and Churchill Rivers, for the most part col- lected by Dr. R. Bell in the summer of 1879; 1897. The fossils of the Galena-Trenton and pp. 45-51. In Bell, Robert, Report on explo- Black River Formations of Lake Winnipeg rations on the Churchill and Nelson Rivers and its vicinity. Palaeozoic Fossils. Volume and around God's and Island Lakes, 1879. 3, Part 3. Geological Survey of Canada, pp. Geological Survey of Canada Report of Prog- 129-242, pis. 16-22, text-figs. 5-19. ress, 1878-1879. The Receptaculitidae Receptaculites oweni, Is- Receptaculites oweni Hall (= Coscinopora sul- chadites iowensis, and Pasceolus gregarius (?) from cata Owen) is found along the Red and Nelson the Ordovician Galena-Trenton and Black River Rivers of Canada (pp. 45, 47). Formations of the Lake Winnipeg area are re- ported and their synonyms are given (pp. 131- 1881. List of fossils collected by Dr. R. Bell in 133, 142-145). Receptaculites oweni is found in Manitoba during the season of 1 880; pp. 57c- the Winnipeg and Red River Limestones (p. 1 36). 58c. In Bell, Robert, Report on Hudson's Bay Pasceolus gregarius (?) Billings (= (?) Cyclocrinites and some of the lakes and rivers lying to the spaskii) is found in the "Silurian" of Anticosti west of it, 1879-80. Geological Survey of Island (pp. 144-145). Canada Report of Progress, 1 879-80, Appen- dix 1. 1898. On some additional or imperfectly under- Receptaculites oweni Hall is found in the "Ga- stood fossils from the Hamilton Formation lena Limestone" of Manitoba. of Ontario, with a revised list of the species therefrom. Contributions to Canadian Pa- 1889. On some fossils from the Hamilton For- leontology, Geological (and Natural History) mation of Ontario, with a list of the species Survey of Canada, vol. 1, part 5, pp. 359- at present known from that formation and 436, pis. 48-50. Province. Contributions to Canadian Paleon- Receptaculites neptuni Defrance from the [De- tology, vol. 1, part 2, pp. 91-125, pis. 12-16. vonian] Hamilton Formation near Widder, On- The sponge Receptaculites neptuni Defrance is tario, is listed as a sponge (p. 4 1 2). present in the Middle Devonian Hamilton For- mation of Ontario (p. 1 20). 1 899a. The Devonian system in Canada. II. Sci- ence, n. ser., vol. 10, no. 248, pp. 430-438. 1891. Descriptions of some new or previously Sphaerospongia tesselata Phillips is present in unrecorded species of fossils from the De- the Stringocephalus zone of the Middle Devonian vonian rocks of Manitoba. Transactions of of Manitoba. Receptaculitidae are considered the Royal Society ofCanada, 1 890, vol. 8, pp. sponges (pp. 433-434). 93-110, pis. 4-10.

Sphaerospongia tessellata Phillips is found in 1899b. Recent discovery of rocks of the age of the Devonian of Lakes Manitoba and Winnipe- the Trenton Formation at Akpatok Island, gosis, Canada (p. 95). Ungava Bay, Ungava. American Journal of Science, ser. 4, vol. 7, no. 42, pp. 433-434. 1892. The fossils of the Devonian rocks of the Receptaculites oweni Hall is found in the Tren- islands, shores of immediate vicinity of Lakes ton Formation ofAkpatok Island, Ungava [North- Manitoba and Winnipegosis. Contributions west Territories]. to vol. 1 Canadian Paleontology, , part 4, pp. 251-359, pis. 33-47. 1 906. The fossils ofthe Silurian (Upper Silurian) Devonian Sphaerospongia tessellata Phillips, of rocks of Keewatin, Manitoba, the north east-

200 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY ern shore of Lake Winnipegosis and the lower The following are listed as foraminifers: Recep- Saskatchewan River. Palaeozoic Fossils. Vol- taculites globularis Hall, R. iowensis Owen, and ume 3, Part 4. Geological Survey of Canada, R. oweni Hall from the [Ordovician] Galena For- pp. 243-298, pis. 23-35, 41-42. mation; R. hemisphericus Hall, R. infundibulifor- mis Hall, and Ceryonites [sic] dactyloides Owen A sponge, Receptaculites sp. (= Sphaerospongia from the [Silurian] Niagara Formation (p. 362). tessellata Whiteaves, 1892, p. 259), is compared with Sphaerospongia tessellata (p. 276). 1891. Contributions to invertebrate palaeon- tology. Annals of the New York Academy of 1908. Paleontology and zoology. Geological Sciences, vol. 5, art. 8, pp. 505-620, pis. 5- Survey of Canada, Summary Report, 1907, 16. pp. 105-109. Whitfield's 1882a description of Receptaculites Receptaculites oweni is found in the Winnipeg devonicus is supplemented by an illustration (pp. Limestone near Winnipeg, Manitoba (p. 108). 519-520, 538; pi. 6, fig. 10).

Whitfield, Robert Parr See also:

1882a. Descriptions of new species of fossils Whitfield, R. P., 1893. from Ohio, with remarks on some of the geo- formations in which occur. An- logical they 1892. Visitor's Guide to the Geological and Pa- nals of the York of New Academy Sciences, laeontological Collections in the American vol. art. 193-244. 2, 13, pp. Museum of Natural History. American Mu- seum of Natural Press, New York, A protozoan, Receptaculites devonicus, from the History New York, 66 49 Devonian Upper Helderberg Group near Colum- pp., text-figs. is described and to R. oweni bus, Ohio, compared Receptaculites is listed as a foraminifer of Hall. Silurian R. infundibuliformis (= Coscinium Trenton and Galena [Ordovician] age (p. 25). infundibuliformis Eaton) from the Lower Hel- derberg Group of New York and R. dactyloides 1 893. Contributions to the paleontology of Ohio. (= Dictyocrinus dactyloides Conrad) are men- Report of the Geological Survey ofOhio. Vol- tioned (pp. 198-199). ume 7, Part 2. Published by authority of the Legislature ofOhio, Columbus, Ohio, pp. 407- See also: 494, pis. 1-12. Whitfield, R. P., 1891 and 1893. This is identical to Whitfield, R. P., 1891. 1882b. Palaeontology: Geology of Wisconsin, Survey of 1873-1879. Volume 4. Commis- 1895. Republication of descriptions of fossils sioners of Public Printing, Madison, Wiscon- from the Hall collection in the American Mu- sin, pp. 161-363, 27 pis. seum of Natural History, from the Report of Progress for 1861 of the Geological Survey of Receptaculites oweni from the [Ordovician] Ga- Wisconsin, by James Hall, with illustrations lena Limestone and R. hemisphericum and Ce- from the original type specimens not here- rionites dactyloides from the [Silurian] Niagara tofore figured. Memoirs of the American Mu- are illustrated 1 Group described and (pp. 239-24 , 1 seum of Natural History, vol. , part 2, pp. 267-270; pi. 10, fig. 7; pi. 13, figs. 1-4). Cerionites 39-74, pis. 4-12. is compared to Pasceolus, R. globulare, and R. hemispherica. R. globularis and R. iowensis from Hall's [1861a] descriptions of Receptaculites the Galena Limestone and R. infundibuliformis Defrance, R. oweni, R. globularis, R. fungosus, R. from the Niagara Group are listed as Wisconsin infundibulum, and R. hemisphericus are given, and foraminifers (p. 350). specimens are figured (pp. 43-47; pi. 5, figs. 1-8).

1883. List of Wisconsin fossils. Geology of 1899. List of fossils, types and figured speci- Wisconsin, Survey of 1873-1879. Volume 1. mens, used in the palaeontological work of R. Commissioners of Public Printing, Madison, P. Whitfield, showing where they are probably Wisconsin, pp. 362-375. to be found at the present time. Annals of the

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 201 New York Academy of Sciences, vol. 1 2, no. subturbinatus Hall from Indiana. Receptaculites 8, pp. 139-186. infundibuliformis is [Devonian] Lower Helder- berg; the others are [Silurian] Niagaran (pp. 78- The following protozoa are listed: Receptaculites 79). devonicus Whitfield from the [Devonian] Upper Helderberg Limestone ofOhio; R. oweni Hall from 1 900. Catalogue of the types and figured spec- the [Ordovician] Galena Formation; R. ohioensis imens in the paleontological collection of the from the [Silurian] Niagara Formation of Ohio; Geological Department, American Museum and R. hemisphericus Hall and Cerionites dacty- of Natural History. Bulletin of the American loides from the Niagara Formation of Wisconsin of Natural 1 1 Museum History, vol. , part 3, (pp. 144-145). pp. 189-356.

1900. Observations on and descriptions of Arc- The type of Niagaran (?) [Ordovician] Recep- tic fossils. Bulletin of the American Museum taculites pearyi Whitfield from Princess Marie Bay of Natural History, vol. 13, art. 2, pp. 19-22, is housed at the American Museum in New York pis. 1-2. (p. 350).

[Ordovician] Receptaculites pearyi n. sp. from Whitlow, Jesse W. Cope's Bay, Princess Marie Bay, in the North American Arctic is described, figured, and com- See: pared with R. oweni Hall ofthe Galena Limestone. Brown, C. E., and J. W. Whitlow, 1960. Brown, C. E., J. W. Whitlow, and P. Crosby, See also: 1957.

Hall, J., and R. P. Whitfield, 1 875a and 1 875b. West, W. S., J. W. Whitlow, C. E. Brown, and A. V. Heyl, Jr., 1971. Whitfield, Robert Parr, and Edmund O. Hovey Whitlow, Jesse W., and C. Ervin Brown 1898. Catalogue of the types and figured spec- imens in the palaeontological collection of the 1963. Geology of the Dubuque North Quad- Geological Department, American Museum rangle, Iowa-Wisconsin-Illinois. Bulletin of of Natural History. Bulletin of the American the United States Geological Survey, 1 123-C,

1 1 1 Museum of Natural History, vol. , part , pp. 139-168, pis. 10-11, text-figs. 22-24. 72 pp. Receptaculites zones occur in the Prosser and

The following [Ordovician] Trenton types or fig- Stewartville Members of the Ordovician Galena ured specimens are housed at the American Mu- Dolomite in the lead-zinc mining district. Recep- seum in New York: Receptaculites cyathiformis taculites oweni is common in the middle and upper Hall and R. neptunei [sic] (Defrance) Hall from Receptaculites zones (pp. 151-153, pi. 11). Pennsylvania; R. fungosus Hall and R. globularis Hall from Illinois; R. oweni Hall from Illinois and Whitlow, Jesse W., and Walter S. West Wisconsin; and genus (?) cyathiformis Hall (pp. 1966a. Geologic map of the Kieler Quadrangle, 16-17). Grant County, Wisconsin and Jo Daviess County, Illinois. United States Geological 1899. Catalogue of the types and figured spec- Survey Geological Quadrangle Map CQ-487. imens in the paleontological collection of the Geological Department, American Museum Receptaculites oweni is common in Receptacu- of Natural History. Bulletin of the American lites zones in the Prosser and Stewartville Mem-

1 1 bers of the Ordovician Galena in Museum of Natural History, vol. , part 2, Middle Group pp. 73-188. the Kieler Quadrangle, Wisconsin and Illinois.

Types or figured specimens of the following Ple- 1966b. Geologic map of the Dickeyville Quad- thospongiae are housed at the American Museum rangle, Grant County, Wisconsin. United in New York: Receptaculites hemisphericus Hall States Geological Survey Geological Quad- and R. infundibulum Hall from Wisconsin; R. in- rangle Map CQ-488. fundibuliformis (Eaton) Hall from New York; R. ohioensis Hall and Whitfield from Ohio; and R. Receptaculites oweni is common in Receptacu-

202 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY lites zones in the Prosser and Stewartville Mem- Receptaculites, a foraminifer(?), is characteristic bers of the Middle Ordovician Galena Group in of the [Ordovician] Galena Limestone in the Up- Grant County, Wisconsin. per Mississippi Valley lead region (pp. 176-177).

See also: 1 966c. Geology ofthe Potosi Quadrangle, Grant County, Wisconsin and Dubuque County, Whitney, J. D., 1862b. Iowa. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey, 1123-1, pp. 533-571, pis. 33-36, text- 1862b. Report on the Geological Survey of the

fig. 67. Upper Mississippi Lead Region. Albany, New York, 424 pp. Receptaculites oweni Hall is common in Recep- taculites zones in the Prosser and Stewartville This is identical to Whitney, J. D., 1862a. Members of the Galena Dolomite in the lead-zinc mining district of Wisconsin and Iowa (pp. 551- 1866. Geology of the lead region. Geological

553, pi. 34). Survey of Illinois. Volume 1 . Geology. Pub- lished by authority of the Legislature of Illi- Whitney, Josiah Dwight nois, Springfield, Illinois, pp. 1 53-207, 2 maps. foraminifer 1858a. County geology— continued; pp. 259- The Receptaculites (= Coscinopora) is abundant in the Lower Silurian 323, text-figs. 38-42. In Hall, James, and Jo- [Ordovician] Galena Limestone of the lead of Illinois siah Dwight Whitney (eds.), Report on the region (p. 1 a close relative Geological Survey of the State of Iowa, Em- 72). Selenoides, of Receptaculites, is rare in the Galena. bracing the Results of Investigations Made During Portions of the Years 1855, 56 & 57.

Volume 1, Part 1. Geology. Published by au- Willard, Bradford thority of the Legislature of Iowa, Des Moines, See: Iowa, 472 pp. Johnson, M. E., and B. Willard, 1957. Receptaculites is characteristic of the [Ordovi- cian] Trenton Galena Limestone in Iowa. Recep- Williams, Harold taculites (= Selenoides) iowensis Owen occurs in 1963. Twillingate Map-area, Newfoundland. the Galena of Iowa (pp. 300, 313-314). Geological Survey of Canada, Paper 63-36, 30 pp., 1 table, 1 map. 1858b. Chemistry and economical geology; pp. Goldsonia burntensis burntensis 324-472, text-figs. 43-52. In Hall, James, and [Ischadites and is found in of Josiah Dwight Whitney (eds.), Report on the (Shrock Twenhofel)] argillites Geological Survey of the State of Iowa, Em- the Silurian Goldson Formation on Burnt Island bracing the Results of Investigations Made in Notre Dame Bay, Newfoundland. During Portions of the Years 1855, 56 & 57.

1 1 . James Steele Volume , Part Geology. Published by au- Williams, thority of the Legislature of Iowa, Des Moines, See: Iowa, 472 pp. Nolan, T. B., C. W. Merriam, and J. S. Wil- The "sunflower coral" Coscinopora, considered liams, 1956. a Receptaculites by James Hall, is a characteristic fossil of the Lower Silurian [Ordovician] Galena Williams, James Stewart Limestone in the lead region of Iowa and adjoin- See: ing states (p. 355). Cooper, G. A., and J. S. Williams, 1935.

1862a. Stratigraphical geology; pp. 140-192. In Williams, Merton Yarwood Hall, James, and Josiah Dwight Whitney (eds.), Report on the Geological Survey of the 1915. The Ordovician rocks of Lake Timiska-

State of Wisconsin. Volume 1 . Printed by au- ming. Geological Survey of Canada Museum thority of the Legislature of Wisconsin, Al- Bulletin 1 7 (Geological Series 27), 9 pp., 1 pi., bany, New York, 455 pp. 1 text-fig.

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 203 Receptaculites occidentalis and R. oweni occur The alga Receptaculites is figured as a typical along Lake Timiskaming, Canada. The stratigra- Ordovician fossil (pp. 54, 74). Lower and middle phy and correlation of the rocks in which they Receptaculites zones of the Fairplay, Rivoli, and occur are discussed (pp. 4, 6, 8). Sherwood Members of the Dunleith Formation and the upper Receptaculites zone of the Stewart-

1919. The Silurian geology and faunas of On- ville Member of the Wise Lake Formation (all of tario Peninsula, and Manitoulin and adjacent the Ordovician Galena Group) are characterized islands. Geological Survey of Canada, Mem- by abundant R. oweni (pp. 77-80). oir 111, 195 pp., 34 pis., 6 text-figs., 2 maps. Harold and Dennis R. Kolata The holotype of the sponge Receptaculites can- Willman, Bowen, adensis from the Silurian Cabot Head Shale Billings 1978. The Platteville and Galena Groups in at Limehouse, Ontario, is figured (p. 35; pi. 5, fig. northern Illinois. Illinois State Geological 1). Survey Circular 502, 75 pp., 17 text-figs., 1 table. 1 960. Evolution of Palaeozoic life: Ordovician to Permian; pp. 22-44. In Cameron, Thomas Receptaculites oweni occurs throughout the Wright Moir (ed.), Evolution: Its Science and Dunleith and Wise Lake Formations of the Or- Doctrine. Symposium Presented to the Royal dovician Galena Group in northern Illinois; Is- Society of Canada in 1959. University of To- chadites iowensis is common in the Dunleith For- ronto Press, Toronto, Ontario, 242 pp. mation in northwestern Illinois and the northern

Mississippi Valley (pp. 34, 47-48, 52, fig. 1 1). Re- The sponge Receptaculites is restricted to the ceptaculites oweni and /. iowensis are figured (figs. Ordovician (p. 26). 1 7M-N, T). Receptaculites is present in the Dun- leith and Wise Lake Formations in northern Illi- Willis, Bailey nois and southern Wisconsin (pp. 57, 60-61, 63- 1912. Index to the stratigraphy of North Amer- 66, 68, 70-72). Widespread "blooms" of Recep- ica. United States Geological Survey Profes- taculites during Dunleith and Wise Lake time is to effects sional Paper 71, 894 pp., 1 pi., 19 text-figs. probably due cyclic environmental (p. 40). The following Ordovician fossils are reported: the coral-like sponge Calathium n. sp. and Recep- Willman, Harold Bowen, and J. Norman Payne taculites oweni Hall from the El Paso and Montoya Limestones, respectively, in Texas; R. oweni from 1942. Geology and mineral resources of the Lake and R. occidentalis Winnipeg, Manitoba; Marseilles, Ottawa, and Streator Quadran- Salter and Pasceolus from the globosus Billings gles. Illinois State Geological Survey Bulletin Black River and Trenton Formations, respective- 66, 388 pp., 30 pis., 127 text-figs. ly, at Ottawa, Ontario (pp. 77,158,1 99-200, 2 1 8). The oweni Hall is Silurian Receptaculites sp. from Ellesmere Land is sponge Receptaculites present in the Prosser and Stewartville Members of the listed (p. 267). Ordovician Galena Formation in north-central Il- Willman, Harold Bowen linois (p. 364).

See: 1 943a. Early Ordovician strata along Fox River Collinson, C. W., D. H. Swann, and H. B. in northern Illinois. Journal of Geology, vol. Willman, 1954. 51, no. 8, pp. 531-541, 4 text-figs. Templeton, J. S., Jr., and H. B. Willman, 1952 and 1963. Receptaculites is common in the Ordovician Galena Formation of the Fox River Valley in Willman, Harold Bowen, and Thomas C. Busch- northern Illinois (p. 539). bach

See also: 1975. Ordovician system; pp. 47-87, 27 text- H. and J. N. 1943b. figs. In Willman, Harold Bowen, and others, Willman, B., Payne, Handbook of Illinois Stratigraphy. Illinois State Geological Survey Bulletin 95. 1 943b. Early Ordovician strata along Fox River

204 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY in northern Illinois. Illinois State Geological the upper Kimmswick Limestone in southwestern Survey Circular 100, pp. 531-541, 4 text-figs. Illinois (pp. 27-28).

This is identical to Willman, H. B., and J. N. Willmarth, M. Grace Payne, 1943a. 1938. Lexicon of geologic names of the United Willman, Harold Bowen, and Robert Ramon States (including Alaska). Bulletin of the Reynolds United States Geological Survey 896, 2396 PP. 1947. Geological structure of the zinc-lead dis- trict of northwestern Illinois. Illinois State Receptaculites oweni is mentioned in definitions Geological Survey Report of Investigation ofthe Middle Ordovician Kimmswick and Prosser 124, 15 pp., 7 pis. Limestones (pp. 1095, 1736). "Receptaculites limestone" is a paleontologic term applied in early Zones of the sponge Receptaculites in the Stew- Missouri reports to the Kimmswick limestone of artville and Prosser Members of the Ordovician present nomenclature (p. 1781). Galena Formation are discussed (pp. 9-10, pis. 1-

2). Wilson, Alice E.

1921. of certain Willman, Harold Bowen, Robert Ramon Reynolds, The range Lower Ordovician and Paul Herbert, Jr. faunas of the Ottawa Valley with descriptions of some new species. National Museum of 1 946. of and areas Geological aspects prospecting Canada Bulletin 33 (Geol. Ser. 40), pp. 19- for prospecting in the zinc-lead district of 57, pis. 2—4, 7 text-figs. northwestern Illinois. Illinois State Geologi- occidentalis Salter cal Survey Report of Investigation 116, 48 [Ordovician] Receptaculites of uncertain taxonomic is found in the pp., 2 pis., 7 text-figs. position Leray and Rockland Members of the Black River Upper and lower Receptaculites zones are pres- and Trenton Formations, respectively (pp. 30, 4 1 ). ent in the Stewartville and Prosser re- Members, Receptaculites from the Trenton Limestone at of the Ordovician Galena Formation spectively, Rockland, Ontario, is listed (pp. 26, 30). in the zinc-lead district of northwestern Illinois (p.

12). 1928. Fossils from Baffin Island, collected by J. Dewey Soper; pp. 124-129. In Soper, J. Dew- Harold Jack A. Willman, Bowen, Simon, Betty ey, A faunal investigation of southern Baffin M. Lynch, and Virginia A. Langenheim Island. National Museum of Canada Bulletin

53, (Biol. Ser. 15), chap. 3. 1968. Bibliography and index of Illinois geol- 1965. Illinois State ogy through Geological Ordovician Receptaculites sp. A and R. cf. oc- Survey Bulletin 92, 373 pp. cidentalis of uncertain taxonomic position are list-

ed from Baffin Island (p. 1 24). References to Illinois receptaculitids are includ- ed. 1931. Notes on the Baffinland fossils collected by J. Dewey Soper during 1925 and 1929. Willman, Harold Bowen, Lewis Edwin Workman, Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, and Alfred Hannam Bell 3rd ser., vol. 25, sect. 4, pp. 285-308, 5 pis. 1949. Guide to field study in southwestern Il- Ordovician Receptaculites cf. arcticus Etheridge linois between Cape Girardeau and St. Louis, and R. occidentalis Salter of uncertain taxonomic Missouri. Guidebook for the Field Confer- position are described and illustrated from Baffin- ence Held in Connection with the 34th An- land, and are compared with R. arcticus, R. orbis, nual Convention ofthe American Association and R. oweni (pp. 288-292; pi. 1, figs. 1-4). of Petroleum Geologists. Southeastern Mis-

souri and Southwestern Illinois. March 1 8 and 1948. Miscellaneous classes of fossils, Ottawa 19, 1949. American Association of Petrole- Formation, Ottawa-St. Lawrence Valley. um Geologists, pp. 1 8-30. Geological Survey ofCanada Bulletin 11, 116 Receptaculites oweni is a characteristic fossil in pp., 28 pis., 4 text-figs., 2 tables.

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 205 Ischadites Murchison, Pasceolus Billings, Re- lena Dolomite near Pecatonica in northern Illinois ceptaculites Defrance, R. oweni Hall, R. arcticus (p. 2). Etheridge, /. iowensis (Owen), /. ottawaensis n. sp., /. jonesi Billings, P. globosus Billings, P. halli Bil- See also: lings, and R. occidentalis Salter from various for- Wilson, G. M., 1963. mations, particularly the Ottawa Formation in the

Ottawa-St. Lawrence Valley, are described and fig- 1958. Elgin Area. McHenry, Kane, and Cook ured as sponges of uncertain taxonomic position Counties. Elgin, Barrington, Genoa, and Har-

(pp. 4, 24-29; pi. 12, figs. 5-6; pis. 13-14; text-fig. vard Quadrangles. Guide Leaflet 1958C. Il-

2). Cyclocrinus is compared with Pasceolus. Is- linois State Geological Survey, Geological chadites koenigi and R. neptuni are mentioned. Science Field Trip, 8 pp., pis., map.

Ordovician Ischadites [iowensis] and Receptac- 1957. A guide to the geology of the Ottawa dis- ulites [oweni] are figured (unnumbered plate). trict. Canadian Field Naturalist, vol. 70, no.

5 numerous 1 1, pp. 1-68, pis., text-figs., map. 1963. Pecatonica Area. Guide Leaflet 1956F. edition. Illinois State Ordovician Receptaculites from the Black River Revised Geological Sur- Leray-Rockland beds and Pasceolus and Ischa- vey, Geological Science Field Trip, 6 pp., 2 dites from the Trenton Cobourg beds are "near- pis. sponges." Receptaculites oweni is figured and de- This is almost identical to Wilson, G. M., 1 956. scribed (pp. 38, 49; pi. 2, fig. 1).

See also: Alice and F. Mather Wilson, E., Kirtley Cote, W. E., D. L. Reinertsen, and G. M. Wilson, 1966, 1967a, 1967b, and 1968. 1916. Synopsis of the common fossils of the Cote, W. E., D. L. Reinertsen, G. M. Wilson, Kingston area. Ontario Bureau of Mines, An- and M. M. Killey, 1969 and 1970. nual Report, vol. 25, part 3, pp. 1 1-33, 3 pis., I. E., and G. M. Wilson, 1962 and 1 table. Odom, 1963.

Ordovician Trenton Receptaculites and R. oc- Odom, I. E., G. M. Wilson, and G. Dow, cidentalis Salter are described as Porifera (pp. 20, 1961a and 1961b. is at 24). Receptaculites occidentalis found Mar- Odom, I. E., G. M. Wilson, G. Dow, T. C. ysville, Wolfe Island, Ontario (p. 19). Buschbach, W. C. Smith, and P. B. Du Montelle, 1964. Wilson, Andrew Gordon Odom, I. E., G. M. Wilson, G. Dow, J. Kemp- ton, and G. Emrich, 1963. 1 895. The Upper Silurian in northeastern Iowa. American Geologist, vol. 16, no. 5, pp. 275- Wilson, George M., and I. Edgar Odom 281.

1 960. Grafton Area. Jersey County. Jerseyville, Cerionites dactylioides Owen is abundant in the Hardin, St. Charles, and Brussels Quadran- Upper Silurian Pentamerus beds of northeastern gles. Guide Leaflet 1960B. Illinois State Geo- Iowa (pp. 278-279). logical Survey, Geological Science Field Trip,

12 pp., pis., text-figs., maps. Wilson, E. C. Ordovician Receptaculites [oweni] and Ischa- See: dites [iowensis] are figured (unnumbered plate). Langenheim, R. L., Jr., F. T. Barr, S. E. Shank, L. J. and E. C. 1960. Stensaas, Wilson, Wilson, George M., David L. Reinertsen, and Wil- liam E. Cote Wilson, George M. 1965. Galena Area. Guide Leaflet 1965D. Illi- 1956. Pecatonica Area. Guide Leaflet 1956F. nois State Geological Survey, Geological Sci- Illinois State Geological Survey, Geological ence Field Trip, 9 pp., 2 pis., 1 text-fig., 2 Science Field Trip, 6 pp., 2 pis. maps.

Receptaculites is present in the Ordovician Ga- Zones of the sponge (?) Receptaculites oweni oc-

206 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY cur in the Wise Lake and Dunleith Formations of 1908. Studien ueber das Nordbaltische Silur- the Ordovician Galena Group in northwestern Il- gebiet. Bulletin of the Geological Institution linois (pp. 2, 9). of the University of Upsala, vol. 8 (1906- 1907), pp. 73-168, pis. 5-8, 8 tables, 4 text-

Wilson, James L. figs.

1954. Ordovician stratigraphy in Marathon The algae Cyclocrinus sp., C. balticus, C. folded belt, West Texas. Bulletin of the Amer- schmidti, C. cf. spaskii, Coelosphaeridium we- ican Association of Petroleum Geologists, vol. senbergense, Mastopora aff. odini and problema- 54, no. 12, pp. 2455-2475, 12 text-figs. ticum Tetragonis murchisoni are listed from var- ious Ordovician localities in Norway and in the Ordovician Calathium is listed from zones Bl North Baltic region (pp. 122, 128, 148-149, 155- and B2 of the El Paso Formation in the Franklin 156, tables 6, Mountains of West Texas and from the Monu- 8). ment Springs Member ofthe Marathon Formation Winchell, Alexander, and Oliver Marcy at Marathon, West Texas (p. 2458). 1866. Enumeration of fossils collected in the

Wilson, Morley Evans Niagara Limestone at Chicago, Illinois; with descriptions of several new species. Memoirs 1924. Arnprior-Quyon and Maniwaki areas, 1 of the Boston Society of Natural History, , Ontario and Quebec. Geological Survey of pp. 81-1 13, pis. 2-3; 3 text-figs. Canada, Memoir 136, 152 pp., 12 pis., 17

text-figs., 4 maps. Ischadites tessellatus n. sp. is described and il- lustrated as a foraminifer from the Silurian ofChi- Receptaculites occidentalis Salter is found in the Illinois It is com- Ordovician Trenton Limestone in Torbolton and cago, (pp. 85-86; pi. 2, fig. 3). pared to /. koenigi Murchison, /. canadensis Fitzroy Townships, Ontario (pp. 53, 56). Billings, Dictyocrinus Conrad, Tetragonys [sic] Eichwald, and Receptaculites. Wilson, R. B.

See: Winchell, Newton H. Mitchell, G. H., and others, 1962. 1 884. The geology of Fillmore County; pp. 268- 324. In Newton and Warren Wiman, Carl Winchell, H., Upham, The Geology of Minnesota. Volume 1893. das des Bottnischen Ueber Silurgebiet 1 , ofthe Final Report. Geological and Natural Meeres. Bulletin of the Institution Geological History Survey of St. Paul, Minnesota, 697 of the of vol. no. University Upsala, 1, 1, pp. pp. 65-75. In Fillmore County, Minnesota, the "lead fos- The Silurian [Lower Ordovician] Tetragonis sil" Receptaculites occurs as low as the green shale murchisoni Eichw. is listed from the C" "variety of the "Upper Trenton" limestone, but is consid- of the Baltic Limestone of the Uppsala region (p. ered characteristic of the Lower Silurian [Ordo- 73). vician] Galena Limestone (pp. 297-299).

1905. Studien ueber das Nordbaltische Silur- 1895. The age of the Galena Limestone. Amer- gebiet. I. Olenellussandstein, Obolussand- ican Geologist, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 33-39. stein und Ceratopygeschiefer. Bulletin of the Geological Institution of the University of Ischadites iowensis, the sunflower coral of the lead occurs in the Lower Silurian Upsala, vol. 6 ( 1 902-1 903), pp. 1 2-76, 2 maps, region, [Ordo-

4 pis., charts. vician] Galena Limestone (p. 37).

The Silurian [Ordovician] Coelosphaeridium Winchell, Newton H., and Charles Schuchert wesenbergense Stoll., and Cyclocrinus schmidti Stoll., are reported from the Wesenberger Lime- 1893. Sponges, graptolites and corals from the stone and the Baltic Limestone, and Mastopora Lower Silurian of Minnesota. Pp. 55-95, pis. concava Eichw. from the North Baltic area and F-G, 7 text-figs. [Advance printing of Win- zones C3 and Dl in Estonia (p. 23). chell, N. H., and C. Schuchert, 1895.]

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 207 Receptaculitidae Roemer (sub-order Lyssakina 1897. Introduction to volume III, part II. The Zittel, order Hexactinellidae Schmidt) consists of Lower Silurian deposits of the Upper Missis- the following: Receptaculites Defrance, R. oweni sippi Province: a correlation of the strata with Hall, R. arcticus Etheridge, R. calciferous Billings, those in the Cincinnati, Tennessee, New York, R. mammillaris Walcott, R. elongatus Walcott, R. and Canadian Provinces, and the stratigraph- ellipticus Walcott, R. occidentalis Salter, R. infun- ic and geographic distribution of the fossils. dibuliformis Eaton [non Goldfuss 1826], R. bur- The Geology of Minnesota. Volume 3, Part siformis Hall, R. (?) sacculus Hall, R. (?) insularis 2, of the Final Report. Paleontology. Min-

Billings, R. (?) elegantulus Billings, R. (?) devonicus nesota Geological Survey, Minneapolis, Min- Whitfield, Ischadites Murchison emend. Hinde, /. nesota, pp. LXXXIII-CXXIX. iowensis Owen, /. cyathiformis Hall, /. circularis The following Lower Silurian [Ordovician] Emmons, /. jonesi Billings, /. squamifer Hall, /. sponges are listed from Minnesota: Receptaculites tessellatus Winchell and Marcy, /. canadensis Bil- sp. and Calathium (?) hexagonalis Ulrich from the lings, /. subturbinatus Hall, /. hemisphericus Hall, Richmond Group; and Receptaculites oweni Hall, Lepidolites Ulrich, L. dickhauti Ulrich, Cerionites Ischadites iowensis Owen, and Calathium (?) cla- Meek & Worthen, and C. dactylioides Owen. The vatum Ulrich from the Trenton Group (pp. 87, 95, following are described: Receptaculitidae, Recep- 99, 101, and 111 of the introduction). taculites, R. oweni, Ischadites, I. iowensis, and Le- pidolites. Receptaculites oweni, Ischadites iowen- Winder, Charles Gordon sis, I. koenigii, and Lepidolites dickhauti are illustrated. Pasceolus Billings may belong to Re- 1954. Burleigh Falls and Peterborough Map- ceptaculitidae. areas, Ontario. Geological Survey of Canada, Paper 53-27, 10 pp., 2 maps. See also: The highest of three zones in the Ordovician Winchell, N. S., and C. Schuchert, 1895. Black River Leray beds in southern Ontario con- Ulrich, E. O., 1893 and 1895. tains Receptaculites. This zone was previously considered lowest Trenton or "transitional" (pp. 1895. Sponges, graptolites and corals from the 6-7). Lower Silurian of Minnesota. The Geology of

Minnesota. Volume 3, Part 1, of the Final 1955. Campbellford Map-area, Ontario. Geo- Report. Paleontology. Geological and Natural logical Survey ofCanada, Paper 54- 17,12 pp., History Survey of Minnesota. Harrison and 1 map. Smith, State Printers, Minneapolis, Minne- sota, 476 pp. The sponge Receptaculites is present in the Or- dovician Black River Leray beds at Healey Falls, This is identical to Winchell, N. S., and C. Schu- southern Ontario (p. 8). chert, 1893.

Wingard, Paul S. See also: Ulrich, E. O., 1893 and 1895. See: Rhodes, F. H. T., and P. S. Wingard, 1957. Winchell, Newton H., and Edward O. Ulrich Winkler, Henry von 1 895. Historical sketch of investigation of the Lower Silurian in the Upper Mississippi Val- 1922. Eestimaa geologia. I. Ladelugu. Uergaeg- ley. The Geology of Minnesota. Volume 3, kond-devoon. [Translated from German Part 1, of the Final Report. 1885-1892. Pa- manuscript by J. Kalkun.] G. Pihlakas, Tal-

leontology. Geological and Natural History linn, 182 pp., 67 figs., 2 tables. Survey of Minnesota. Harrison and Smith, The following [receptaculitids] are listed: Re- State Printers, Minneapolis, Minnesota, pp. orbis Eichwald as a from IX-LIII. ceptaculites sponge Up- per Oolitic beds, Echinosphaerites stage of Lower A bibliography from 1 823 to 1892 of the Lower Ordovician (p. 64); Mastopora odini Stolley from Silurian [Ordovician] of the Upper Mississippi Tallinn and Coelosphaeridium excavatum Stolley Valley includes references to receptaculitids. from Jaegala as sponges from Lowermost Middle

208 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY Ordovician from Echinosphaerites beds (p. 66); ical Society of London, vol. 98, pp. 205-222, plant Mastopora odini Stolley from ESSU and pis. 8-10, 3 text-figs. sponge Ischadites murchisoni Eichwald from Tal- Mastopora (= Nidulites Salter), Apidium, and linn listed from Kukruse middle of Middle stage, Koninckopora constitute the Mastoporinae, a well- Ordovician (p. 79); plants Mastopora (Nidulites) marked tribe of the subfamily Cyclocrineae, a odini Stolley from Idavere and M. concava Eich- somewhat isolated and rather precocious group of wald from Johvi stage, Middle Ordovician (p. 96); = Dasycladaceae. problematic Receptaculites eichwaldi Schmidt Styloliidid Schmidt from Keila stage [Johvi] of Woods, Henry Devonian [Middle Ordovician] (p. 99, fig. 43); 1891. Catalogue of the Type Fossils in the sponge Ischadites murchisoni Eichwald from Tal- Woodwardian Museum, Cambridge. Cam- linn, Receptaculites damesi Rauff from Kukruse, bridge University Press, Cambridge [Eng- Keila [Johvi] stage Devonian [Middle Ordovician] land], 180 pp. (p. 99); crinoid Cyclocrinites spasskii Eichwald from Keila from Wasalema [Keila] stage, Devonian The following fossils of uncertain taxonomic po- [Middle Ordovician] (p. 101); crinoid Cyclocri- sition are housed in the Woodwardian Museum nites spasskii Eichwald from Rakwere [Wasalema] in Cambridge: Ischadites (?) micropora from the stage, Devonian [Upper Middle Ordovician] (p. Middle Bala at Llansaintffraid; Pasceolus goughi 103); crinoid Cyclocrinus spasskii Eichwald from from the Upper Ludlow at Benson Knot; and Luekholm stage, Devonian [Upper Ordovician] Sphaerospongia hospitalis from the Bala Beds at (p. Ill); sponge Ischadites rectus Raufffrom Luek- Onny River. Ischadites koenigi is listed as a sponge holm stage in Luekholm, Devonian [Upper Or- from the Wenlock Limestone at Dudley (pp. 1-2, dovician] (p. 1 1 2); sponge Receptaculites infun- 8). dibulum Schrenk from Vaendra stage from 1893. for Estoonus [Adavere] stage, Silurian (p. 129); an- Elementary Palaeontology Geological thozoans Coelosphaeridium wesenbergense Stolley Students. Cambridge Natural Science Man- from Riste, Cyclocrinus balticus Stolley from Seals, uals, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 222 56 C. mickwitzi Stolley from Kobila; and C roemeri [England], pp., text-figs. C. schmidtii and Stolley, Stolley, C spasskii (Eich.) Ischadites, Receptaculites, and Sphaerospongia from Rakwere stage (p. 105). Stolley, may not be sponges (p. 33).

Winsnes, Thore S. See also: Woods, H., 1896, 1926, 1937, and 1947. 1955. Part I. A preliminary description of the Hecla Hoeg rocks and its Cambrian and Or- 1896. Elementary Palaeontology: Invertebrate. — dovician faunas; pp. 7-28, pis. I III, 7 text- Cambridge University Press, Cambridge [En- figs., 2 tables. In Major, H., and T. Winsnes, gland], 295 pp., 122 text-figs. Cambrian and Ordovician fossils from Sor- This is similar to Woods, H., 1893. kapp Land, Spitsbergen. Norsk Polarinstitutt, Skrifter no. 106. See also: Woods, H., 1926, 1937, and 1947. A sponge Receptaculites sp. is described and fig- ured from the Ordovician Rasstupet Limestone in 1926. Palaeontology: Invertebrate, 6th ed. Cam- Sorkapp Land, Spitsbergen (p. 24, pi. Ill, fig. 10). bridge University Press, Cambridge [En- gland], 424 pp., 198 text-figs. Witzke, Brian J. The sponge Ischadites, which appeared in the See: Ordovician Llandeilo, is abundant in the Silurian. Heckel, P. H., and B. J. Witzke, 1979. Ischadites, Receptaculites, and Sphaerospongia may not be Hexactinellida (p. 49). Wood, Alan See also: 1943. The algal nature of the genus Konincko- Woods, H., 1893, 1896, 1937, and 1947. pora Lee; its occurrence in Canada and west- ern Europe. Quarterly Journal of the Geolog- 1937. Palaeontology: Invertebrate, 7th ed. Cam-

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 209 bridge University Press, Cambridge [Eng- 151-152, 160, 163, 179, 181, 205, 256-257, 268, land], 475 pp., 221 text-figs. 270, 273, 277, 279, 286, 291, 293-299, 304, 371, 414, 419, 424-425). This is similar to Woods, H., 1926.

See also: Worcester, Philip George and 1947. Woods, H., 1893, 1896, See: Crawford, R. D., and P. G. Worcester, 1916. 1 947. Palaeontology: Invertebrate, 8th ed. Cam- bridge University Press, Cambridge [Eng- Workman, Lewis Edwin land], 447 pp., 22 text-figs. See: Ischadites, Sphaerospongia, and Receptaculites, Willman, H. B., L. E. Workman, and A. H. if sponges, are Calcarea (p. 49). Bell, 1949.

See also: Woods, H., 1893, 1896, 1926, and 1937. Workum, Robert H., Thomas E. Bolton, and Christopher R. Barnes Woodward, Anthony 1976. Ordovician geology of Akpatok Island,

1 886. The bibliography of the Foraminifera Re- Ungava Bay, District of Franklin. Canadian cent and fossil, including Eozoon and Recep- Journal of Earth Sciences, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 4 3 taculites, 1865-Jan. 1, 1886. The Geological 157-178, pis., text-figs., 2 tables. and Natural History Survey of Minnesota. Receptaculites sp., R. arcticus Etheridge and R. The Fourteenth Annual Report for the Year oweni Hall are present in the Ordovician of Ak- 1885. Published by authority of the Legisla- patok Island, Northwest Territories (pp. 161, 163). ture of the State of Minnesota, St. Paul, Min- A Receptaculites-Maclurites-Hormotoma assem- nesota, pp. 167-31 1. blage is typical of the Red River Arctic fauna of The bibliography of Foraminifera through 1885 North America (p. 1 64). includes references to receptaculitids. Worsley, David Woodward, Henry See: 1897. A Guide to the Fossil Invertebrates and Lauritzen, 0., and D. Worsley, 1974. Plants in the Department of and Pa- Geology Mork, A., and D. Worsley, 1980. laeontology in the British Museum (Natural History). British Museum of Natural History, Worthen, Amos Henry London, 158 pp., 182 text-figs. 1866. Devonian and Silurian systems. Geolog- The problematic sponges Amphispongia oblon- ical Survey of Illinois. Volume 1 . Geology. ga from the Silurian of England and Receptacu- Published by authority of the Legislature of lites, Ischadites, and Sphaerospongia from the Si- Illinois, Springfield, Illinois, pp. 119-152. lurian and Devonian of Belgium, North America, and are in the British Museum England, (Natural The Lower Silurian [Ordovician] Trenton Group History) (pp. 121, 123). of Illinois contains Receptaculites sp. near Rock-

ford and R. sulcatus (?) in Alexander County (pp. Herbert P. Woodward, 145, 149).

1951. Ordovician System of West Virginia. West Virginia Geological Survey [Reports], 1873. Geology of Monroe County. Geological vol. 21, 627 pp., 38 pis., 43 text-figs. Survey of Illinois. Volume 5. Geology and Palaeontology. Published by authority of the Stratigraphic and locality data are given for the Legislature of Illinois, Springfield, Illinois, following Ordovician sponges of West Virginia: pp. 266-285. Receptaculites sp., R. biconstrictus, R. cf. elegan- tulus, R. occidentalis, Ischadites cyathiformis, Nid- Receptaculites owenana [sic] is characteristic of ulites sp., N. ovoides, and N. pyriformis (pp. 149, the [Ordovician] Trenton Limestone (p. 280).

210 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY See also: Yakovlev, N. N. Meek, F. B., and A. H. Worthen, 1868 and 1957. Nahodka predstavitelya Machaeridia s 1870. Novoi Zemli. [Finding of representative of Machaeridia from Novaya Zemlya.] Isvestiya Amos and Bradford Worthen, Henry, Fielding Akademii Nauk SSSR. Meek Seriya geologiches- kaya, 7, 1957, pp. 106-107, 1 text-fig. 1875. Descriptions of in vertebrates. Geological Machaeridia [Sphaerospongia], a genus of un- Survey of Illinois. Volume 6. Geology and known organisms [receptaculitids], is described and Palaeontology. Published by authority of the figured from rocks ranging from Ordovician to Legislature of Illinois, Springfield, Illinois, pp. Devonian in Novaya Zemlya. Ordovician Ma- 489-532, pis. 22-33, 3 text-figs. chaeridia is listed from the Eastern Urals. Ma- The Meek and Worthen (1870) description of chaeridia is compared with cirripedes and echi- Silurian, Niagaran Receptaculites formosus is giv- noderms. en, and the species is illustrated (pi. 24, fig. 1). Yochelson, Ellis L. John L. Wray, See:

1977. Calcareous Algae. Developments in Pa- Lewis, R. D., and E. L. Yochelson, 1978. laeontology and Stratigraphy. Volume 4. El- E. sevier, Amsterdam, 185 pp., 170 text-figs., 8 Young, George tables. 1973. An Ordovician (Arenigian) trilobite fau- nule of from the Ibex Receptaculitids are described and their affinities great diversity area, Utah. Stud- are discussed. A reconstruction of Receptaculites western Brigham Young Geology vol. 91-1 7 3 text- sacculus (after Nitecki, 1972c) is given (pp. 102- ies, 20, part 4, pp. 15, pis., figs., 2 tables. 103, fig. 1 19). Dasycladacean Cyclocrinites (tribe is described and illustrated 95- Cyclocriniteae) (pp. The sponge Calathium occurs in two members 97, 103, fig. 101). of the Lower Ordovician Fillmore Limestone of Utah, including the Calathium -Presbynileus 1978. Calcareous algae; pp. 171-187, 27 text- member, in which it forms a reef (p. 94). figs., 1 table. In Hag, Bilal U., and A. Boersma Introduction to El- (eds.), Micropaleontology. Young, J. (John?] sevier, New York. See: The is green dasycladacean alga Cyclocrinus fig- Gray, R., [and J. Young], 1869. ured (fig. 27). Etheridge, R., [J.?] Young, and R. Etheridge,

Jr., 1873. Wyatt, D. H., and J. S. Jell John 1967. Devonian of the Townsville Hinterland, Young,

Queensland, Australia; pp. 99-105, 1 text-fig., See: 2 tables. In D. H. International Oswald, (ed.), Armstrong, J., J. Young, and D. Robertson, Symposium on the Devonian System; Cal- 1876. gary, Alberta, 1967 [Proc.]. Volume 2. Al- berta Society of Petroleum Geologists, Cal- Youngquist, Walter gary, Alberta, 1377 pp. See: Devonian Receptaculites australis from the Miller, A. K., W. Youngquist, and C. W. Col- Martin's Well Limestone Member in the Towns- linson, 1954. ville Hinterland of Queensland, Australia, is listed as a shallow water marine sponge (p. 101 ). Zadorozhnaja, N. M.

See: Wynne, Michael J. Zhuravleva, I. T., N. M. Zadorozhnaja, D. V. See: Osadchaja, N. V. Pokrovskaja, N. M. Ro- Bold, H. C, and M. J. Wynne, 1978. dionova, and V. D. Fonin, 1967.

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 211 Zhuravleva, Inessa T. Zhuravleva, Inessa T., Konstantin N. Konjusch- kov, and Alexei Yu. Rozanov 1970. Porifera, Sphinctozoa, Archaeocyathi— their connections; pp. 41-59, 8 text-figs., 1 1964. Arheotsiaty Sibiri. Dvustennye arheotsia- table. In Fry, William G. (ed.), The Biology ty. [Siberian Archaeocyathids. Double-walled of the Porifera. Symposia of the Zoological archeocyathids.] Akademia Nauk SSSR, Si- Society of London, no. 25, 512 pp. birskoe Otdelenie, Institut Geologii i Geofi-

ziki. Nauka, Moskva, 1 32 pp., 1 6 pis., 75 text- Receptaculitida (= Squamiferida Sushkin 1962) figs. and Soanitidae Miagkova 1965 are similar to ar- chaeocyathids (Dokidocyathidae). The Receptac- [Radiocyathid] IDokidocyathina georgensis ulitida, Soanitidae, archaeocyathids, and certain Rozanov n. sp. is figured and described from the other minor forms could be included in Archaeo- Lower Cambrian of Tuva (pp. 100-101; pi. 16, zoa, a subdivision of Metazoa (pp. 56-57). fig. 8; text-fig. 59). [Radiocyathid] Alphacyathus macdonelli [sic] (Bedford and Bedford 1936) is Zhuravleva, Inessa T. (ed.) described and figured from Lower Cambrian of southern Australia (p. 91, text-fig. 55). 1974a. Katalog rodov arheotsiat. Chast 1. [Cat-

alog of archeocyathid genera. Part 1 .] Aka- Zhuravleva, Inessa T., N. P. Meshkova, V. A. Lu- demia Nauk SSSR, Sibirskoe Otdelenie, chinina, and Y. L. Pelman Institut Geologii i Geofiziki. Nauka, Novo- sibirsk, 228 pp., 69 figs. 1979. Etapnost v razvitii organicheskogo mira v nachale 3-24, 2 In Hetairocyathus Bedford, and Heterocyathus faneroja; pp. text-figs. Zhuravleva, Inessa T., and N. P. Meshkova Bedford and Bedford, and H. minor are described (eds.), Biostratigrafija i Paleontologia Nish- as archeocyathids from Lower Cambrian of South nego Kembrija Sibiri. Akademia Nauk SSSR. Australia (pp. 169-170). Sibirskoe Otdelenie. Nauka, Novosibirsk.

1974b. rodov arheotsiat. Chast 2. Katalog [Cat- Radiocyathids are probably a group of sponges of Part Aka- alog archeocyathid genera. 2.] restricted to the middle early Cambrian (p. 1 9). demia Nauk SSSR, Sibirskoe Otdelenie,

Institut Geologii i Geofiziki. Nauka, Novo- Zhuravleva, Inessa T., and Elizaveta I. Miagkova sibirsk, 215 pp., 48 figs. 1970. Vyshii razdel Archaeata (Higher group Radiocyathus Okulitch and R. minor (Bedford) Archaeata); p. 2. In Rozanov, A. Y. (ed.), Ma- from Lower Cambrian in South Australia are de- terialy k sh Kollokviumu po Archeociatam. scribed as archeocyathids (p. 58). Ordena trudovogo krasnogo znameni Geo- logicheskii Institut AN SSSR. Institut Geo- Zhuravleva, Inessa T. logii i Geofiziki SO AN SSSR. Moskva, 52 See: pp.

Nikitin, I. F., M. B. Gnilovskaja, I. T. Zhu- Archaeocyathi, Aphrosalpingoida, Squamiferi- ravleva, V. A. Luchinina, and E. I. Miag- da, and Soanitida are united into a group Archaea- 1974. kova, ta. Rezvoi, P. D., I. T. Zhuravleva, and V. M. Koltun, 1962. 1971. Sravnitelnaja harakteristika Archaeata i Stromatoporoidea. (The comparative char- Zhuravleva, Inessa T., and V. A. Luchinina acteristics of Archaeata and Stromatoporoi- 1977. Role des algues dans l'establissement de dea.) Mezhdunarodnyi Paleontologicheskii constructions organogenes. Second sympo- Simposium po Korallam (Coelenterata). Te- sium international sur les coraux et recifs co- zisy Dokladov. International Paleontological ralliens fossiles. Bureau de Recherches Geo- Symposium on Corals (Coelenterata). Ab- logiques et Miniers, Memoir no. 89, pp. 535- stracts. Akademia Nauk SSSR, Novosibirsk, 542. pp. 30-31.

Mastopora is an Ordovician and Silurian reef- This is an abstract of Zhuravleva, I. T., and E. building green alga (p. 536). I. Miagkova, 1974b.

212 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY 1972. Archaeata— novaja gruppa organizmov 1979. Comparaison entre les Archaeata et les Paleozoja. (Archaeata— a new group of Pa- Porifera. Colloques international de C.N.R.S. leozoic organisms.) Paleontologija. Mezh- no. 291; pp. 521-526, 4 text-figs. In Levi, dunarodny Geologicheskii Kongress. 24 Ses- Claude, and Nicole Boury-Esnault (eds.),

sija. Problema 7. (International Geological Biologie des spongiaires. Congress. 24th Session. Paleontology. Prob- Archaeata is described as an independent king- lem 7.) Nauka, Moskva, pp. 7-14, 1 text-fig., dom consisting of Receptaculitida, 2 tables. Radiocyatha, Soanitida, Aphrosalpingata, and Archaeocyatha. Lower Cambrian Ordovician archaeocyathids, Skeletal morphology of these groups is compared Ordovician to Carboniferous Soanitidae, (?) with that of sponges and the algae Cyclocrinitida. Silurian are Squamiferida, and Aphrosalpingidea Soanites and Receptaculites are described, and Or- placed in a new kingdom (?) Archaeata. Archaeata, dovician S. bimuralis Miagkova from Siberia and Soanitidae of Soanites and Ca- family consisting Receptaculites sp. from Estonia are figured (figs. class lathium, and Squamiferida (Receptaculitida) 2B, 4B). consisting of Receptaculites, Ischadites, and Sphaerospongia are described. Zhuravleva, Inessa T., N. M. Zadorozhnaja, D. V. Osadchaja, N. V. Pokrovskaja, N. M. Ro- 1974a. Osobennosti biotopov v nekotoryh or- dionova, and Victor D. Fonin ganogennych postroikah. (Specific features of in some structures— biotypes organogenous 1967. Fauna Nishnego Kembrija Tuvy (opornyi and archaeocyathi, soanitids, aphrosalpingids, razrez r. Shivelit-Hem) [Fauna of the Lower sphinctozoa.) Sreda i zhizn v geologicheskom Cambrian of Tuva— the reference section of proshlom (paleoekologicheskie problemy). Shivelit-Hem River.] Akademia Nauk SSSR, and Life in the Past. [Environment Geological Sibirskoe Otdelenie, Institut Geologii i Geo- Sibir- Palaeoecological Problems.] Nauka, fiziki. Nauka, Moskva, 181 pp., 70 pis., 39 skoe 1 1 Otdelenie, Novosibirsk, pp. 17-122, text-figs. pi., 2 text-figs., 1 table. [Radiocyathid] Girphanovella girphanovae Zhu- The role of soanitids in organic buildups is dis- ravleva n. gen. and n. sp. is described and figured cussed (p. 1 1 8). Lower Ordovician Soanites bi- (pp. 107-108, pi. 59, figs. 1-5) as a heteractinellid muralis from eastern Siberia is figured (pi. 14, fig. sponge from the lower Cambrian in Tuva, USSR. 4; pi. 15, figs. 1-2).

and Rietschel 1974b. Sravnitelnaja harakteristika Archaeata i Ziegler, Bernhard, Siegfried Stromatoporoidea. (The comparative char- 1970. Phylogenetic relationships of fossil cal- acteristics of Archaeata and Stromatoporoi- cisponges; pp. 23-40, 4 text-figs. In Fry, Wil- dea.) In Sokolov, B. S. (ed.), Drevnie Cni- liam G. (ed.), The biology of the Porifera. daria. (Ancient Cnidaria.) Tom 1. Akademia Symposia of Zoological Society of London, Nauk SSSR. Nauka, Sibirskoe Otdelenie, No- no. 25. vosibirsk, pp. 63-70, 2 pis., 10 text-figs. Receptaculitids are probably calcareous algae, Receptaculites, Soanites, Soanitidae, Squami- and their spongelike appearance is due to preser- ferida, Tetragonis murchisoni and Soanites bi- vation; meroms are not comparable with sponge muralis are figured and their relationship to Ar- spicules (p. 35). chaeata is discussed. Archaeata is a kingdom which includes Ordovician Soanitidae, Ordovician to Carboniferous Squamiferida, Cambrian archaeo- /.i ni. Herbert S. and Silurian cyathids, Aphrosalpingida. See: Rhodes, F. H. T„ H. S. Zim, and P. R. Shaffer, 1977. Morphology of fossil elementary organ- 1962a, 1962b, 1965a, 1965b, and 1970. ogenous buildings [organic buildups]. Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India, vol. Karl A. von 20 (for 1975), pp. 89-96, 10 text-figs. Zittel,

Soanitidae are mentioned in the discussion of 1877a. Beitrage zur Systematik der fossilen the formation of organic buildups. Spongien. Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie,

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 213 Geologie, und Palaeontologie, 1877, pp. 337- ration of C. M. Duponchelle & A. Six. Paris, 378, pis. 2-5. Munich, und Leipzig, 764 pp., 563 text-figs.

Calathium is a Silurian [Ordovician] hexacti- The following organisms of unknown affinities nellid sponge from the Quebec Group of Canada are described and their distributions are given: (p. 373). Receptaculites Defrance (= Ischadites Murchison [partim]), Tetragonis Eichwald [partim], Ischa- 1877b. Studien ueber fossile Spongien. I. Ab- dites Murchison, /. koenigii Salter, Cyclocrinus teilung, I. Hexactinellidae. Abhandlungen der Eichwald (= Nidulites Salter), C. spaskii Eichwald, Mathematisch-Physikalischen Klasse der Pasceolus Billings, P. halli Billings, Polygono- Koeniglich Bayerischen Akademie der Wis- sphaerites Roemer (= Sphaeronites Phillips, senschaften, vol. 13, 63 pp., 4 pis. Sphaerospongia Salter, Pasceolus Kayser), P. (Sphaeronites) tesselatus Phillips, Dictyocrinus Hall The hexactinellid sponges Calathium from the (= ? Mastopora Eichwald), ? Sphaerospongia Pen- Silurian [Ordovician] Quebec Group and Am- gelly, and Tetragonis Eichwald (pp. 105, 106). Re- phispongia (?) are listed. Coscinopora is described ceptaculites neptuni is figured (fig. 46). Calathium as a hexactinellid sponge; C. infundibuliformis [non Billings and Amphispongia Salter are sponges of Goldfuss 1826], and C. macropora [non Goldfuss the family Euretidae (p. 179). 1826] are listed from the Cretaceous.

1896-1900. Text-book of Paleontology. Trans- 1877c. Studies on fossil sponges. I. Hexactinel- lated and edited by Charles R. Eastman. Vol- lida. Annals and Magazine of Natural His- umes 1 and 2. Macmillan and Co., New York, tory, 4th ser., vol. 20, pp. 257-273, 405-424, New 706 1476 501-517. York, pp., text-figs.

The Receptaculitidae Receptaculites, Leptopo- This is an English translation of Zittel, 1877b, terion, Pasceolus, Ischadites, and Polygonosphae- by W. S. Dallas. rites, a group of unknown systematic position, are included in a footnote to the section on sponges 1878-1880. Handbuch der Palaeontologie. I. (P. 67). Band. Palaeozoologie. I. Abteilung. Protozoa, Coelenterata, Echinodermata und Molluscoi- See also: dea. R. Oldenbourg, Muenchen und Leipzig, Zittel, K. A. von, 1913. 765 pp., 558 text- figs.

Defrance Ischadites Murchi- Receptaculites (= 1910. Grundzuege der Palaeontologie (Palaeo- = cal- : son Tetragonis Eichwald) is an imperforate zoologie). Volume 1 . Invertebrata. (Edited by careous foraminifer of with family Dactyloporidae Ferdinand Brolli.) R. Oldenbourg, Muenchen

1 shell of structure. Cyclocrinus Eich- complicated und Berlin, 607 pp., 1414 text-figs., tables. wald (= Nidulites Salter = Mastopora Eichwald), to Carboniferous Polygonosphaerites Roemer (= Sphaeronites Phil- Silurian [Ordovician] recep- = = taculitids of uncertain are de- lips Pasceolus Kayser Sphaerospongia Salter), systematic position scribed. consist of Dictyocrinus Hall, Pasceolus Billings, and Sphae- They Receptaculites Defrance, Ischadites and rospongia Pengelly may also be Dactyloporidae, Leptopoterion Ulrich, Murchison, Romer. Middle Devonian R. but Cyclocrinus, Dictyocrinus, and Pasceolus (Bil- Polygonosphaerites Defrance from Lower Silurian lings) may belong with Cystoidea. Calathium Bil- neptuni Eifel, [Or- dovician] /. murchisoni Eichwald from Reval, and „ lings and Amphispongia Salter are not well known and are probably hexactinellid sponges of the fam- Middle Devonian P. tesselatus are figured. The Silurian is listed ily Euretidae. In a postscript Receptaculites and lyssacine sponge Amphispongia its allies are considered to be of uncertain taxo- from England (pp. 58, 69-70; figs. 102-104). nomic position. See also:

1883. Traite de Paleontologie. Tome 1. Paleo- Zittel, K. A. von, 1896-1900, 1924, 1934. zoologie. Partie 1. Protozoa, Coelenterata, Echinodermata et Molluscoidea. Avec la col- 1913. Text-book of Paleontology, 2nd ed. Vol-

laboration V. Ph. Schimper & A. Schenk, ume 1 . Eastman, Charles R. (ed.). Macmillan translated by Charles Barrois with collabo- and Co., London, 838 pp., 1594 text-figs.

214 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY The Ordovician to Carboniferous family Re- 1934. Osnovy Paleontologii. Moskva, 1056 pp., ceptaculitidae of uncertain affinities includes: Re- 2001 text-figs. ceptaculites Defrance, Ischadites Murchison (= = This is a Russian translation of Zittel, 1 924. Dictyocrinites Conrad Dictyocrinus Hall), Cy- clocrinus Eichwald, Pasceolus Billings, Polygono- See also: sphaerites Roemer, Cerionites Meek and Worthen, Zittel, K. A. von, 1910. Lepidolites, and Anomalospongia (— Anoma- loides) Ulrich. Cambrian Nipterella is a lithistid Ronald P. genus. Silurian Amphispongia is a lyssacine sponge. Zurawski,

1973. Organic and textural diversity in a Middle See also: Ordovician (Chazyan) reef of central Tennes- Zittel, K. A. von, 1896-1900. see. Abstracts with Programs, Geological So- ciety of America, vol. 5, no. 5, pp. 453-454. 1924. Grandzuege der Palaeontologie (Palaeo- The Dasycladaceous alga Mastopora (?) is pres- zoologie). Volume 1 . Invertebrata. (Edited by ent in a reef in the Middle Ordovician Carters Ferdinand Brolli.) R. Oldenbourg, Muenchen Limestone of central Tennessee. und Berlin, 733 pp., 1467 text-figs.

References to receptaculitids are almost iden- See also: tical to Zittel, K. A. von, 1910 (pp. 67, 73, 87-88, Alberstadt, L. P., K. R. Walker, and R. P. text-figs. 115-117). Zurawski, 1974.

NITECKI ET AL.: RECEPTACULITID ALGAE 215

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