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7 FUENTES Y DOCUMENTOS 7 Spyridon Trikupis HISTORIA DE LA INSURRECCIÓN GRIEGA SEGUNDA EDICIÓN REVISADA Y CORREGIDA III. DESDE 1822 A 1826 Traducción de M. Acosta Esteban 7 FUENTES Y DOCUMENTOS 7 Spyridon Trikupis HISTORIA DE LA INSURRECCIÓN GRIEGA SEGUNDA EDICIÓN REVISADA Y CORREGIDA III. DESDE 1822 A 1826 Traducción de M. Acosta Esteban Centrο de Estudios Bizantinos, Neogriegos y Chipriotas Serie de Fuentes y Documentos Director de Serie: Encarnación Motos Guirao Comité Científico: Moschos Morfakidis Filactós, Mª José Osorio Pérez, Matilde Casas Olea, José Soto Chica DATOS DE PUBLICACIÓN Spyridon Trikupis.: Historia de la Insurrección Griega. pp.: 280 1. Historia de Grecia moderna. 2. Fuentes de la historia de Grecia moderna. © Centro de Estudios Bizantinos, Neogriegos y Chipriotas C/ Gran Vía, 9 - 2º, 18001 Granada - España. Telf./fax: +34 958 22 08 74 © Manuel Acosta Esteban Maquetación: Jorge Lemus Pérez Diseño de portada: Konstantinos Milonas Ilustración de la portada inspirada en la obra de Theodoros Vryzakis «El recibimiento de Lord Byron en Mesolongui» (1861) Pinacoteca Nacional, Atenas Granada 2014 ISBN de la obra completa: 978-84-95905-47-5 ISBN del tomo III: 978-84-95905-51-2 Depósito Legal: GR 2094-2014 Reservados todos los derechos. Queda prohibida la reproducción total o parcial de la presente obra sin la preceptiva autorización. A mis colegas de Filología Clásica que sintieron que Grecia no acaba en Demóstenes o Teodosio, sino abarca desde Foroneo hasta Alexis Tsipras, desde Pandora hasta la ex-reina Sofía. …καταγόμενοι δὲ καὶ ἐκ μεγάλων προπατόρων, ὧν τὰ συγγράμματα καὶ τὰ ἔργα οὐδέποτε τοῖς ἦσαν ὁλοτελῶς ἄγνωστα, δὲν ἦτο δυνατὸν νὰ φανῶσι διόλου ἀνάξιοι τῆς λαμπρᾶς καταγωγῆς των. ‘...y, remontándose a grandes ancestros cuyos escritos y logros nunca les fueron completamente desconocidos, no podían mostrarse indignos del todo de su brillante origen.’ S. Trikupis, en el proemio de su Historia de la insurrección griega. ÍNDICE 1822-23 - CAPÍTULO XLI Muerte de Drámalis y últimas penalidades de los restos de su ejército en la región de Corinto.- Situación política de Grecia y Turquía.-Rebelión de los jenízaros y caída de Halet Efendi y sus seguidores.- Curso de la guerra turco-persa.- Los conflictos entre Rusia y Turquía y postura de las demás cortes.- Disposi- ción de los participantes en el congreso de Verona con respecto a Grecia y Turquía y envío de una em- bajada griega a ellos y al Papa.- Actitud más favorable de la política inglesa con el ministerio de George Canning y política de las demás cortes.- Examen de la primera legislatura.-...................................................13 1823 - CAPITULO XLII Reunión del segundo congreso nacional de los griegos.- Traslado del nuevo ejecutivo a Tripolitsá.- Nue- vas divisiones.- Partida de la nueva escuadra otomana.- Éxitos de los de Psará en Asia Menor.- Invasión de Grecia Oriental a cargo de Yusuf Pasha Perkóftsalis.- Catástrofe de la causa griega en toda Tesalo- magnesia.-.......................................................................................................................................................33 1823 - CAPÍTULO XLIII Traslado de los miembros del legislativo a Salamina o a Patras.- La presidencia del ejecutivo y traslado de éste a Salamina.- Incursión enemiga al Ática y retirada.- Regreso del legislativo y el ejecutivo al Pe- loponeso.-.......................................................................................................................................................43 1823 - CAPÍTULO XLIV Expedición de Mustai, pashá de Skodra, a Grecia Occidental.- Llegada de Konstandinos Metaxás a Mesolongui como gobernador general.- Situación de Grecia Occidental; colonia de Suliotas en Zapan- di.- Markos Bótsaris rompe su nombramiento de general.- Desembarco enemigo en Galatás y fracaso de la operación.- Intentona nocturna de los suliotas contra el campamento enemigo en Karpenisi y muerte de Markos Bótsaris.- Asedio de Anatolikón; su final.- Llegada de Mavrokordatos a Mesolongui como director general.- Capitulación de Corinto.- Expedición de Odiseo a Eubea.-.............................................49 1823 - CAPÍTULO XLV El campamento de Patras.- Ruptura entre el legislativo y el ejecutivo.- Destitución del ministro Perukas y el parlamentario Metaxás.- Disturbios y enfrentamientos civiles.- La cámara de los diputados es asaltada en Argos por una fuerza militar y los diputados se trasladan a Kranidi.- Nuevo legislativo.- Las relaciones entre Rusia y Turquía a lo largo del año.-...............................................................................................................59 1823-24 - CAPÍTULO XLVI Vuelta de la armada otomana a Constantinopla.- Salida de la flota griega.- Batalla naval.- Creta durante el gobierno de Tombazis.-...............................................................................................................................67 1823-24 - CAPÍTULO XLVII Préstamo exterior.- Legión alemana de apoyo a Grecia.- Sociedades filohelénicas.- Pacto para la restau- ración de la Orden de San Juan de Jerusalén.- Llegada a Grecia de Lord Byron y del coronel Stanhope.- Intento de tomar Koroni.- Levantamiento del campamento griego en Eubea.-.............................................77 1824 - CAPÍTULO XLVIII Los dos legislativos.- Guerra civil.- Estancia de Lord Byron en Mesolongui; su muerte.- Proceso contra Karaiskakis por conspiración.- Situación de Grecia Oriental.- Capitulación de Nauplion y entrada del nuevo gobierno.-.............................................................................................................................................83 1824 - CAPÍTULO XLIX Envío a Grecia de parte del préstamo.- Partida de la escuadra otomana.- Planes del sultán y de Mehmet Ali, sátrapa de Egipto, para someter a toda Grecia.- Matanzas de Casos y de Psará.- Victorias navales de los grie- gos en Samos y desbaratamiento de las operaciones contra ésta.- Campañas en Grecia Continental.- Ope- raciones militares en el Peloponeso.-.............................................................................................................97 1824 - CAPÍTULO L Éxito en Creta de la campaña de Ibrahim, pashá de Egipto.- Las batallas navales de dicha campaña.- Preocupación del gobierno griego sobre la regularización del servicio por mar y por tierra.- Comienzo de la III legislatura.- Donaciones de Varvakis.- Sociedad Filantrópica Griega.-.......................................115 1824 - CAPÍTULO LI La Segunda Guerra Civil: diferencias con la primera.- Congreso de Grecia Occidental en Anatolikón.-............125 1824 - CAPÍTULO LII Política exterior con respecto a Grecia.- Conversaciones en San Petersburgo de los representantes de las cinco potencias sobre la cuestión griega y desacuerdo entre Inglaterra y Rusia.-......................................133 1825 - CAPÍTULO LIII Planes del gobierno griego contra el enemigo.- Desembarco de Ibrahim Pasha en Metona.-Expedición de Kunduriotis, presidente del legislativo.- Hechos de armas por tierra y mar y capitulación de Palionavarino y de Neókastro.- Quema de naves enemigas en Metona.- Batalla naval de Cafereo.-....................................139 1825 - CAPÍTULO LIV Fracaso de la expedición de Kunduriotis.- Amnistía de rebeldes.- Batalla en la posición de Maniaki.- Movimientos de Ibrahim hacia el interior del Peloponeso y enfrentamientos.- Hamilton en Nauplion.- In- fortunios de los griegos y vuelta de Ibrahim a Mesenia.- Fabvier, general del ejército regular.- Victorias griegas.- Intentona fallida para tomar Tripolitsá.- Intercambio de prisioneros.- Intento de asesinato de Ibrahim.-.......................................................................................................................................................153 1825 - CAPÍTULO LV Traición de Odiseo.- Su escapada hacia los griegos y su muerte.- Su gruta.- Operaciones turcas en Grecia Oriental.- La guerra se reaviva en Creta.- Intento de incendiar la escuadra enemiga en Alejandría.-..............167 1825 - CAPÍTULO LVI Sobre el segundo empréstito y Lord Cochran.- Aumenta la simpatía popular hacia la causa griega.- Sobre la proclamación de un rey.- Disposición de las grandes potencias para con Grecia y constitución de par- tidos con denominación extranjera.- División de los miembros de la Santa Alianza en las conversaciones de San Petersburgo y quiebra de la coalición.- Sobre la presidencia inglesa.- Conflictos entre Rusia y Tur- quía.- Muerte del emperador Alejandro.- Contactos de las cortes entre sí a su muerte.-...............................179 1825 - CAPÍTULO LVII Segundo asedio de Mesolongui: primera fase.-............................................................................................195 1825-26 - CAPÍTULO LVIII Segundo asedio de Mesolongui: segunda fase.-............................................................................................221 1825-26 - CAPÍTULO LIX Fracaso de las operaciones griegas para la toma de Tripolitsá y de Caristo y para el saqueo de Beirut.- Ex- pedición a Eubea del ejército regular de Fabvier. Su fracaso.- Matanza de los jenízaros e introducción del servicio militar a la europea en el estado otomano.-...................................................................................245 Notas al final.................................................................................................................................................255 SPYRIDON TRIKUPIS HISTORIA DE LA INSURRECCIÓN GRIEGA SEGUNDA EDICIÓN CORREGIDA
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