ENTOMOLOGIA HELLENICA 21 (2012): 54-68
New records of aphid species (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Greece
A.P. PAPAPANAGIOTOU1, M. NATHANAILIDOU2, M. TAYLOR3, K.D. ZARPAS2, K. VOUDOURIS5, J.A. TSITSIPIS2,4 AND J.T. MARGARITOPOULOS5*
1Laboratory of Crop Protection, Department of Greenhouse Crops and Floriculture, Techno- logical Institute of Messolonghi, Nea Ktiria, 302 00, Messolonghi, Greece 2Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Crop Production and Agricultural Environment, University of Thessaly, Fytokou Str., 384 46 Nea Ionia, Volos, Greece 3AgroEcology, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, UK 4Present Address: Mainalou 4, 152 35 Vrilissia, Athens, Greece 5Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 26 Ploutonos Str., 412 21 Larissa, Greece
ABSTRACT
Several papers have been published on aphid fauna in Greece during the last two decades, but the number of recorded species is still low compared to other European countries, including some from the Mediterranean basin. In this context, we collected aphids from various host- plants and regions in southern, central and northern Greece characterized by diverse flora, cli- matic conditions and ecological habitats. In total, 128 aphid species belonging to 55 genera and six subfamilies were collected on 200 host-species. Most of the species dominated the subfami- ly Aphidinae (especially tribes Macrosiphini and Aphidini). Among the species collected, 18 were new records in Greece. The present work improves our knowledge regarding the aphid fauna of Greece and suggests that the number of recorded species could increase further if ad- ditional studies were undertaken.
KEY WORDS: Aphidoidea, aphid fauna, Greece.
Introduction (i.e. different morphs produced by a single aphid genotype), close association with host- Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) are small- plants, important virus-vectors and world- sized plant-sucking insects. They make up wide distribution. These traits make aphids an insect group with interesting characteris- an ideal study model. Aphids are not consid- tics such as cyclical parthenogenesis (alter- ered a species rich group when they are nation of sexual and asexual reproduction), compared to other hemi- or holometabolous loss of sexual reproduction, polyphenism insect groups (e.g. the number of species of
*Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] PAPAPANAGIOTOU et al.: New records of aphid species 55 grasshoppers and weevils are approximately bagallo (1998a, see also references there in) 3- and 12-fold higher than aphids; Dixon reported that the number of species recorded 1998). The known world aphid fauna con- in European countries, including some from sists of 4358 species placed in 510 genera the Mediterranean basin, ranged from about (Blackman and Eastop 1994, 2000, 2006; 600 to 850, although some of the data re- see also the updated version available online viewed were rather old. According to the at www.aphidsonworldsplants.info, accessed Fauna Europaea project (Fauna Europaea 15 December 2012). About 450 species have 2012) the number of species in some Medi- been recorded from crop plants, but only terranean or Balkan countries (and regions) about 100 species are economically im- are: Bulgaria 419, Corsica 163, Italian main- portant agricultural pests (Blackman and land 649, Sardinia 173, Sicily 382 (Italy Eastop 2007). total: 860 Barbagallo et al. 2011), Spanish The study of the Greek aphid fauna is mainland 603 and Yugoslavia 344 (total fairly limited. Until the early 90s 195 aphid 1373 species in Europe). These data suggest species had been recorded. Later, an almost that the knowledge on the Greek aphid fauna ten-year survey, based on Rothamsted suc- would have been richer had there been more tion and Moericke traps, increased our studies and surveys performed. In this con- knowledge on the Greek aphid fauna sub- text, we collected aphids from various host- stantially. The recorded species reached 300 plants and regions in southern, central and (Tsitsipis et al. 2007). In this paper Aphis northern Greece which are characterized by fabae solanella Theobald (Hemiptera: diverse flora, climatic conditions and eco- Aphididae) was reported as subspecies, but logical habitats. Blackman and Eastop (2006) have proposed that this taxon is elevated to species (Aphis Materials and Methods solanella Theobald) (see also Thieme and Dixon 2004 and Blackman and Eastop Approximately 700 samples of leaves or 2007). In addition, a recent study on the young shoots infested by aphids were col- Hyalopterus pruni complex (Hemiptera: lected from various host-plants and regions Aphididae) (Lozier et al. 2008) proposed the (altitude 0-800 m) in south (Agrinio, Argos, species status for Hyalopterus amygdali B Messolonghi and Patra), central (Volos, var- that has been also recorded in Greece ious sites in Pelion Mountain), and north (Poulios et al. 2007). Therefore, the total (Thessaloniki, Veroia, Katerini, Nea Mou- number of recorded aphid species was 302 dania in Chalkidiki Peninsula) Greece dur- in Greece at that time. All but one of these ing the growing season (spring, summer and species belong to the family Aphididae autumn) of the years 2003-2008 (Fig. 1). which is represented by 13 subfamilies and Each sample was placed inside a self-sealing 120 genera. The remaining species belong to plastic bag containing a piece of paper towel the family Phylloxeridae. Kavallieratos et al. to absorb excessive moisture. The samples (2007) made a survey of aphid species on were put in insulated plastic containers, con- cultivated and non-cultivated plants in vari- taining frozen ice packs, and transferred to ous regions in Greece. The comparison of the laboratory. In the laboratory wingless their data with the check-list provided by females from each sample (along with Tsitsipis et al. (2007) results in 13 additional winged females in some cases) were stored species, all of them belonging to the family in vials filled with two volumes of ethanol Aphididae. Therefore, the recorded aphid (95%) and one volume of lactic acid 75% species in Greece amount to 315. Regardless w/w (Eastop and van Emden 1972) until of these efforts, the number of species rec- species identification. Permanent micro- orded is much lower than that in other Euro- scope slides of aphids were prepared accord- pean countries. In a review, Patti and Bar-
56 ENTOMOLOGIA HELLENICA 21 (2012): 54-68 ing to Blackman and Eastop (1994, 2000). families that were surveyed in three large The identification of the aphid species was geographical regions of Greece as well as on based mostly on the keys described by the aphid species and higher taxonomic cat- Blackman and Eastop (1994, 2000, 2006, egories identified. A total of six aphid sub- updated version available online at families were recorded, although the aphid www.aphidsonworldsplants.info, accessed fauna is dominated by the subfamily 15 December 2012). Additional information, Aphidinae (Aphidinae: 102 species, when required, was obtained from the keys Calaphidinae: 8 species, Chaitophorinae: 5 by Jacky and Bouchery (1980), Taylor species, Eriosomatinae: 10 species, Lachni- (1984), Stroyan (1984), Heie (1986) and nae: 2 species, Thelaxinae: 1 species). The Remaudiere and Seco Fernandez (1990). same trend was observed in each of the three The identification of the members of H. regions surveyed, with the percentage of the pruni complex was based on the keys of Aphidinae species being 89.4, 78.9 and 81.7 Lozier et al. (2008) and the application of % in south, central and north Greece respec- multivariate morphometric methods (Poulios tively. Macrosiphini was the predominant et al. 2007). tribe followed by Aphidini in the total sam- The classification system in the present paper ple (47.3 and 31.8 % respectively) and in follows the one used by Blackman and Eastop each of the three regions surveyed (south [1994, 2000, 2006, updated version available Greece: 57.4 and 31.9 %; central Greece: online at www.aphidsonworldsplants.info, 42.1 and 36.8 %; north Greece: 47.9 and accessed 15 December 2012; see also the 33.8 %) (Table 2). online taxonomic database “Aphid Species Eighteen of the 128 aphid species identi- File” by Favret (2012)] and Remaudière and fied in the present study were new records in Remaudière (1997). Permanent slides of the Greece. These species are: Aphis balloticola collected aphids are kept in the aphid collec- Szelegiewicz, Aphis brotericola Mier Du- tion of the last author in the Department of rante, Aphis confusa Walker, Aphis lambersi Biochemistry & Biotechnology, University (Börner), Aphis spiraephaga Müller, Aphis of Thessaly, Greece. Preserved aphid mate- tormentillae Passerini, Brachyunguis tama- rial is also stored in the collection of the first ricis (Lichtenstein), Dysaphis devecta author at the Department of Greenhouse (Walker), Dysaphis lappae (Koch) [particu- Crops and Floriculture, Technological Insti- larly the subspecies D. lappae cynarae tute of Messolonghi, Messolonghi, Greece. (Theobald)], Hyadaphis passerinii (del Lastly, the identification of plant species Quercio), Macrosiphum knautiae Holman, was based on Tutin et al. (1964, 1968, 1972, Monellia caryella (Fitch), Pemphigus bur- 1976, 1980). sarius (L.), Pemphigus spyrothecae Pas- serini, Pemphigus vesicarius Passerini, Results and Discussion Tinocallis takachihoensis Higuchi, Uroleu- con carthami (Hille Ris Lambers) and A total of 128 aphid species belonging to 55 Uroleucon nigrocampanulae (Theobald) genera, were identified among the samples (Table 3). General features of these 18 spe- collected from 200 host-species. Of these cies are summarized below. The complete hosts, 91 were cultivated species of econom- check-list of the aphid species identified ic importance (crops, trees, ornamentals) in the present study is not presented here and the remaining non-cultivated (herbs, as this information is beyond the pur- weeds or forest tree species). Table 1 pro- pose of the present paper. The list is vides statistics on the plant species and available from the authors upon request.
PAPAPANAGIOTOU et al.: New records of aphid species 57
FIG. 1. Sampling sites in Greece. South Greece: 1 Argos, 2 Patra, 3 Messolonghi, 4 Agrinio Central Greece: 5 Pelion Mountain, 6 Volos, North Greece: 7 Kitros, Katerini, 8 Vero- ia, 9 Thessaloniki, 10 Nea Moudania, Chalkidiki.
TABLE 1. Summary statistics of the number of plant species surveyed and the aphid species identified in south, central and north Greece.
Region Plants Aphids
Species Families Species Genera Subfamilies Tribes
South Greece 53 25 47 27 3 5 Central Greece 121 43 76 35 6 10 North Greece 92 36 71 38 4 8 Total 200 57 128 55 6 11
58 ENTOMOLOGIA HELLENICA 21 (2012): 54-68
1. Aphis (Aphis) balloticola Szelegiewicz, smaller yellow or yellowish green speci- 1968 (Aphidinae: Aphidini - Aphidina). mens mainly on undersides of lower leaves Wingless parthenogenetic females are or on roots. It is ant-attended (Heie 1986, dark gray-blue to mottled green. The aphid Blackman and Eastop 2006). is found on stems and abaxial leaf surface of Material examined: adult wingless fe- Ballota nigra L. causing slight downward males from Knautia arvensis L.; sampling leaf curling in early summer (Stroyan 1984). site: Volos, Central Greece; collected on It has been also recorded from Dracocepha- May 2003. lum nutans L. and Marrybium spp. The 4. Aphis (Aphis) lambersi (Börner, species is non-host alternating (mo- 1940) (Aphidinae: Aphidini - Aphidina) noecious), holocyclic (cyclical parthenoge- Wingless parthenogenetic females are nesis) with winged males (Börner dark green to almost black. The species is 1950). It has been recorded throughout Eu- widespread throughout Europe. It is monoe- rope (except Scandinavia), Morocco, and cious holocyclic with apterous males found eastward to Crimea, Iran and Turkey. The on lower parts of stems, basal leaf sheaths aphid is a member of the Aphis frangulae and root collar of Daucus carota L. (Heie Kaltenbach complex (Blackman and Eastop 1986, Blackman and Eastop 2006). The 2006). aphid has been also recorded on Conopodi- Material examined: adult wingless fe- um majus (Gouan) (Nieto Nafria et al. males from B. nigra; sampling site: Thessa- 2005). It is ant-attended. loniki, North Greece; collected in June 2007. Material examined: adult wingless fe- 2. Aphis (Aphis) brotericola Mier Du- males from D. carota; sampling site: rante, 1978 (Aphidinae: Aphidini - Aphidi- Lehonia, Pelion Mountain, Central Greece; na) collected in May 2003. Wingless parthenogenetic females are 5. Aphis (Aphis) spiraephaga Müller, black, sometimes dusted with gray wax 1961 (Aphidinae: Aphidini - Aphidina) powder. The aphid builds dense colonies on Wingless parthenogenetic females are leaves of Euphorbia spp. In Spain the spe- dark greyish brown, often with irregular cies has been characterized as monoecious, dorsal colour pattern, with transverse dorsal holocyclic with winged males (García Prieto bands of wax and dark appendages. The et al. 2001). It has been recorded in Spain, species A. spiraephaga lives in dense colo- Italy (Barbagallo and Patti 1998), France, nies on young shoots of Spiraea spp. It has Turkey and Morocco (Blackman and Eastop been recorded also from Epilobium spp. 2006). (Holman 1990) and other genera in various Material examined: adult wingless fe- plant families (Arabis, Carum, Erica, Fili- males from Euphorbia dendroides L., sam- pendula, Helichrysum, Symphoricarpus, pling site: Aghios Georgios, Pelion Moun- Trinia and Valeriana; Müller 1987). The tain, Central Greece; collected in May 2003. species has been recorded in several Euro- 3. Aphis (Aphis) confusa Walker, 1849 pean countries, Western Siberia and Mongo- (Aphidinae: Aphidini - Aphidina) lia (Heie 1986). It is monoecious, holocyclic Wingless parthenogenetic females are with winged males (Blackman and Eastop pale yellow, yellowish green, green or dark 2006). green. The species is widely distributed in Material examined: adult wingless fe- Europe. It is monoecious, holocyclic with males from Spiraea sp.; sampling site: Thes- wingless males and it hosts Knautia and saloniki, North Greece; collected in May Scabiosa species. It is found as larger green 2006 and May 2007. or dark green aphids on upper parts of stems and inflorescences, while in summer as PAPAPANAGIOTOU et al.: New records of aphid species 59
6. Aphis (Aphis) tormentillae Passerini, of head and thorax (Blackman and Eastop 1879 (Aphidinae: Aphidini - Aphidina) 2006). It is a monoecious species, with a life Wingless parthenogenetic females are cycle of only 3-4 generations. Oviparae blackish green or black. The species is dis- (sexual females) and winged males are also tributed throughout Europe. It is monoe- produced within the galls (Hille Ris Lam- cious, holocyclic with winged males and it bers 1945, Forrest 1970). The species is hosts Potentilla spp., especially erecta. The found in Europe (Blackman and Eastop aphids are found on stems, petioles and un- 2006) and also recorded from China (Zhang dersides of leaves. It is usually not ant- et al. 1990). attended (Heie 1986, Blackman and Eastop Material examined: adult wingless fe- 2006). males from Malus domestica Borkhausen; Material examined: adult wingless fe- sampling site: Kitros, Katerini, North males from Potentilla reptans L.; sampling Greece; collected in May 2006. site: Lechonia, Pelion Mountain, Central 9. Dysaphis (Dysaphis) lappae (Koch, Greece; collected in May 2003. 1854) (Aphidinae: Macrosiphini) 7. Brachyunguis (Brachyunguis) tama- Wingless parthenogenetic females are ricis (Lichtenstein, 1885) (Aphidinae: dirty olive greenish to brownish, sometimes Aphidini - Aphidina) with a purple tinge. Older adults may have Wingless parthenogenetic females are yellowish margins on abdomen. The species velvety grey-green, development of wax builds colonies on stem bases, root collars dust may depend on age and microclimate. and roots of Arctium spp. and it has been Colonies on twigs are inconspicuous, re- also recorded from Petasites albus (L.). The sembling small leaves or leaf-scales of the colonies are ant-attended. The aphid is dis- host plant. Colonies may be attended by tributed in Europe, Transcaucasia, Central ants. The species B. tamaricis infests Asia and Western Siberia, also in North Af- Tamarix spp. and it is recorded in South and rica (Egypt, Eritrea), and has been intro- Central Europe, North Africa, South-west duced to Brazil (ssp. cynarae). It is monoe- and Central Asia. The species is monoe- cious, holocyclic on Arctium, with winged cious, holocyclic [updated version of males (Blackman and Eastop 2006). There Blackman and Eastop (1994, 2006) available are very similar aphids on Cirsium arvense online at www.aphidsonworldsplants.info, (L.) in Europe and on Cynara spp. in the accessed 15 December 2012]. Mediterranean region which are currently Material examined: adult wingless fe- classified as subspecies, D. lappae ssp. cirsii males from Tamarix sp.; sampling site: (Börner) and D. lappae ssp. cynarae (Theo- Messolonghi, South Greece; collected in bald) respectively (Blackman and Eastop May 2006. 2006). Colonies of D. lappae spp. cirsii are 8. Dysaphis (Dysaphis) devecta (Walker, reportedly not ant-attended (Stroyan 1963). 1849) (Aphidinae: Macrosiphini) In Sicily, ssp. cynarae is apparently anholo- The aphids roll and redden the edges of cyclic on Cynara scolymus L. and anholocy- the leaves of Malus spp. forming galls in clic populations have also been found on spring. The galls contain both wingless and Notobasis syriaca (L.) (formerly Cisrium alatiform parthenogenetic females. The for- syriacum), Galactites tomentosa (L.) (for- mer are bluish-grey wax-powdered while the merly Lupsia galactites) and Silybum mari- latter dark green to reddish with different anum (L.) (Barbagallo 1974). degrees of pigmentation and sclerotisation
60 ENTOMOLOGIA HELLENICA 21 (2012): 54-68
Material examined: adult wingless fe- banded antennae. Seasonal variation in col- males from C. scolymus; sampling site: Ar- our patterns. The generations from mid- gos, South Greece; collected in May 2007. summer to autumn bear a continuous broad 10. Hyadaphis passerinii (del Quercio, black band running around front and sides of 1911) (Aphidinae: Macrosiphini) head and down sides of body as far as the Wingless parthenogenetic females are third abdominal tergite, and a broad brown- greyish green or light green with dark ap- black band along the anterior margin of the pendages. On its primary hosts Lonicera forewing. It infests leaves of Carya spp., spp. infestations cause upward leaf curling especially Carya illinoensis (Wangenh) and in spring. The species migrates to various C. cordiformis (Wangenh) [updated version of Apiaceae, particularly Daucus and also Co- Blackman and Eastop (1994, 2006) available nium and Pastinaca, colonizing stems, online at www.aphidsonworldsplants.info, leaves and inflorescences. It reproduces par- accessed 15 December 2012]. The species is thenogenetically the year round on Apiaceae monoecious, holocyclic and the sexual in warmer climates. It is recorded from Eu- morphs occur from mid-October to early rope, especially the South, Mediterranean December (Mansour and Harris 1988). It is region, Middle East, Pakistan, India, and widespread in USA (Bissell 1978), Ontario, also introduced to Southern Africa, Austral- Canada and introduced into Israel (Mansour ia, New Zealand, North and South America and Harris 1988), Spain (Nieto Nafría and (Blackman and Eastop 2006). Mier Durante 1998) and Argentina (Ortego Material examined: adult wingless fe- et al. 2004). In Israel it is a serious pest of males from Lonicera sp.; sampling site: pecan. Thessaloniki, North Greece; collected in Material examined: adult winged fe- April 2008. males from C. illinoensis; sampling site: Thessaloniki, North Greece; collected in 11. Macrosiphum (Macrosiphum) knau- August 2008. tiae Holman, 1972 (Aphidinae: Macrosiphini) Wingless parthenogenetic females are 13. Pemphigus (Pemphigus) bursarius yellowish green to grass-green, rarely pink- (Linnaeus, 1758) (Eriosomatinae: Pemphi- ish, with dark head and thorax and black gini) siphunculi. The aphid builds colonies on The species is heteroecious, holocyclic abaxial leaf surface and shoot apices of with the sexual phase on Populus spp. Knautia spp. A monoecious, holocyclic spe- (mostly on Populus nigra L.) but anholocy- cies with oviparae and winged males appear- clic (parthnenogenetic) overwintering on ing in October (Blackman and Eastop 2006). roots of secondary hosts is common. The Material examined: adult wingless fe- fundatrix makes galls (yellowish or reddish males from Knautia sp., sampling sites: when mature, purse-shaped) on leaf petioles. Messolonghi, South Greece and Nea Mou- The fundatrix is greyish green, slightly wax- dania, Chalkidiki, North Greece; collected in dusted and produces winged females that May 2006 and June 2007 respectively. leave the gall from late May to September (peak emergence late June-July in northern 12. Monellia (Agrioaphis) caryella hemisphere) and migrate to make colonies (Fitch, 1855) (Aphidinae: Panaphidini – on roots of various Compositae (e.g. Cicho- Panaphidina) rium, Lactuca, Lampsana, Sonchus, Taraxa- The parthenogenetic females are winged, cum, Tussilago). In the root-feeding colonies pale lemon-yellow to greenish yellow with the wingless females are yellowish white PAPAPANAGIOTOU et al.: New records of aphid species 61 with a tuft of white wax on the posterior part site: Messolonghi, South Greece; collected of the abdomen and the winged females in June 2006. (sexuparae) have a brownish orange abdo- 15. Pemphigus (Pemphigus) vesicarius men. The return migration of sexuparae to Passerini, 1861 (Eriosomatinae: Pemphigini) Populus takes place in October-September. It is a holocyclic, heteroecious species The species is found in Europe, Western and and the fundatrix makes galls on leaves of P. Central Asia, North and Southern Africa, nigra which originate from the mid-rib at North and South America, and (perhaps) Aus- the base of the upper side of the leaf. The tralia and New Zealand. The aphid colonies developed galls are irregular pale green are not attended by ants [Blackman and Eastop structures with many tubular outgrowths. (1994, 2006) and updated version available The fundatrix is dark slate-grey to blue- online at www.aphidsonworldsplants.info, black. The winged females leave the gall in accessed 15 December 2012]. May-June and migrate to Colutea arbo- Material examined: winged females and rescens. Colonies are found on the stems galls from P. nigra; sampling site: Katighi- and basal parts of this plant. The wingless orghis, Pelion Mountain, Central Greece, females secreting wax and winged sexu- collected on June 2004. parae are produced in October and return to 14. Pemphigus (Pemphigus) spyrothe- Populus. The species is distributed in South- cae Passerini, 1860 (Eriosomatinae: Pem- ern Europe, Algeria, South-West and Cen- phigini) tral Asia, Afghanistan and India [Blackman Fundatrix make galls on petioles of P. and Eastop (1994, 2006) and updated ver- nigra leaves, which are green, reddish or sion available online at yellowish, smooth, formed by thickening, www.aphidsonworldsplants.info, accessed flattering and spiral twisting of the petiole. 15 December 2012]. Fundatrix is pale green, giving rise to second Material examined: winged females and generation wingless females within the gall. galls from P. nigra; sampling site: Katighi- The species is monoecious holocyclic and orghis, Pelion Mountain, Central Greece; winged sexuparae emerge in August- collected in June 2004. November to produce sexuals on the bark of 16. Tinocallis (Tinocallis) takachihoensis the trees (Lampel 1960). First instar nymphs Higuchi, 1972 (Calaphidinae: Panaphidini- with thick forelegs function as soldiers and Panaphidina) defend the gall against predators (Aoki and All viviparous females are winged, pale Kurosu 1986, Foster 1990), repair the gall yellow-green with shiny black head and (Pike and Foster 2004) and remove wax- thorax, black distal section of hind femur coated droplets of honeydew (Pike et al. and base of hind tibia and black markings on 2002). The species is widely distributed in the wings (Moritsu 1983). The species is Europe, in North Africa (Tunisia), Western recorded from Ulmus spp. in Japan (Higuchi Siberia, Pakistan and introduced into Canada 1972), China (Tao 1999), and eastern Sibe- [Blackman and Eastop (1994) and updated ria as Tinocallis ussuriensis Pashtshenko version available online at (Pashchenko 1988), and also from Hemip- www.aphidsonworldsplants.info, accessed telea davidii (Hance) in China as Tinocal- 15 December 2012]. lis hemipteleae Zhang (Zhang and Zhong Material examined: wingless and winged 1980). It has been introduced to Europe, females and galls from P. nigra, sampling where it is recorded from Ulmus spp. in southern France (Quednau and
62 ENTOMOLOGIA HELLENICA 21 (2012): 54-68
TABLE 2. Summary statistics of the number of aphid species identified in south, central and north Greece.
Tribe Subtribe South Greece Central Greece North Greece All regions
Aphidini Aphidina 13 20 19 32 Rhopalosiphina 2 8 5 10 Chaitophorini 1 4 2 4 Eriosomatini 0 1 2 2 Eulachnini 0 1 0 1 Fordini 3 0 1 3 Lachnini 0 1 0 1 Macrosiphini 27 32 34 61 Panaphidini Myzocallidina 0 2 1 2 Panaphidina 0 3 4 6 Pemphigini 1 2 2 5 Siphini 0 1 1 1
Thelaxini 0 1 0 1
Shaposhnikov 1988), Germany, Sicily (Patti female has not been reported and that they and Barbagallo 1998b), Andorra (Mier Du- are probably reddish brown to blackish rante and Pérez Hidalgo 2002), Malta brown. In our sample the females were dark (Mifsud et al. 2009), and to USA (first rec- brown to blackish brown. The species colo- ord 1996, Foottit et al. 2006). In England it nizes Carthamus spp. and it is found in has been collected outdoors on Ulmus gla- South and Central Europe, Israel, Turkey, bra Hudson (Döring 2007). Winged males and eastward to Pakistan and India. Sexual and oviparae occur in Sicily from mid- morphs and the life cycle of the species are October (Patti and Barbagallo 1998b). still unknown (Blackman and Eastop 2006). Material examined: adult winged fe- Material examined: adult wingless fe- males from Ulmus americana L.; sampling males from Carthamus lanatus L.; sampling site: Thessaloniki, North Greece; collected site: Pinakates, Pelion Mountain, Central in May 2006 and 2007. Greece; collected in June 2004. 17. Uroleucon (Uromelan) carthami (Hille 18. Uroleucon (Uromelan) nigro-campanulae Ris Lambers 1948) (Aphidinae - (Theobald 1928) (Aphidinae: Macrosiphini) Macrosiphini) Wingless females are dark brown with According to Blackman and Eastop black antennae, siphunculi and cauda, and (2006) the color of wingless parthenogenetic
PAPAPANAGIOTOU et al.: New records of aphid species 63
TABLE 3. New records of aphid species (family Aphididae) in Greece.
Aphid genus (subgenus) species Tribe-Subtribe Subfamily Host species
Aphis (Aphis) balloticola Szelegiewicz Aphidini-Aphidina Aphidinae Ballota nigra L.
Aphis (Aphis) brotericola Mier Durante Aphidini-Aphidina Aphidinae Euphorbia seguierana Necker
Aphis (Aphis) confusa Walker Aphidini-Aphidina Aphidinae Knautia arvensis L.
Aphis (Aphis) lambersi (Börner) Aphidini-Aphidina Aphidinae Daucus carota L.
Aphis (Aphis) spiraephaga Müller Aphidini-Aphidina Aphidinae Spiraea sp.
Aphis (Aphis) tormentillae Passerini Aphidini-Aphidina Aphidinae Potentilla reptans L.
Brachyunguis (Brachyunguis) tamaricis Aphidini-Aphidina Aphidinae Tamarix sp. (Lichtenstein)
Dysaphis (Dysaphis) devecta (Walker) Macrosiphini Aphidinae Malus domestica Borkhausen
Dysaphis (Dysaphis) lappae (Koch)* Macrosiphini Aphidinae Cynara scolymus L.
Hyadaphis passerinii (del Quercio) Macrosiphini Aphidinae Lonicera sp.
Macrosiphum (Macrosiphum) knautiae Macrosiphini Aphidinae Knautia sp. Holman
Monellia (Agrioaphis) caryella (Fitch) Panaphidini- Aphidinae Carya illinoensis Panaphidina (Wangenh)
Pemphigus (Pemphigus) bursarius (L.) Pemphigini Eriosomatinae Populus nigra L.
Pemphigus (Pemphigus) spyrothecae Pemphigini Eriosomatinae Populus nigra L. Passerini
Pemphigus (Pemphigus) vesicarius Pemphigini Eriosomatinae Populus nigra L. Passerini
Tinocallis (Tinocallis) takachihoensis Panaphidini- Calaphidinae Ulmus americana L. Higuchi Panaphidina
Uroleucon (Uromelan) Macrosiphini Aphidinae Campanula spp. nigrocampanulae (Theobald)
Uroleucon (Uromelan) carthami (Hille Macrosiphini Aphidinae Carthamus lanatus L. Ris Lambers) *The subspecies D. lappae ssp. cynarae (Theobald) has been collected.
64 ENTOMOLOGIA HELLENICA 21 (2012): 54-68 bicolored yellowish and brown-black legs. 2011). Lastly, the species T. takachihoensis The aphid hosts species of the genus Cam- and M. caryella are relatively recent intro- panula, where it feeds on the leaves causing ductions in Europe as they have been record- them to become curled in spring, whereas ed for first time in the continent in the 80s. later attacks and subsequent feeding produc- es yellow spots. Sexual forms have not been References recorded. The species is found in Europe and across Asia to Eastern Siberia Aoki, S. and U. Kurosu. 1986. Soldiers of a (Pashtshenko 1988, Blackman and Eastop European gall aphid, Pemphigus spy- 2006). rothecae (Homoptera: Aphidoidea): why Material examined: adult wingless fe- do they molt? J. Ethol. 4: 97-104. males from Campanula sp.; sampling site: Barbagallo, S. 1974. Osservazioni sugli Thessaloniki, North Greece; collected in afide del carciofo (Cynara scolymus). May 2007. Boll. Lab. Ent. agr. Filippo Silvestri 31: The work undertaken during a five year 197-252. sampling period (emphasis was given to Barbagallo, S. and I. Patti. 1998. Pelion Mountain due to great biodiversity in Acquisizioni bio-ecologiche sugli afidi wild, forest and cultivated plant species) is del territorio centro-orientale italiano. an attempt to extent our knowledge on the Boll. Zool. agr. Bachic. 30: 223-310. Greek aphid fauna and to establish the base Barbagallo, S., A. Binazzi, F. Pennacchio for the development of a check-list where and A. Pollini. 2011. An annotated association between aphid species of the checklist of aphids surveyed in the Ital- Greek fauna and their host-plant will be de- ian regions of Tuscany and Emilia Ro- scribed in detail. In this paper we present 18 magna. Redia 94: 59-96. new species for the Greek aphid fauna Blackman, R.L. and V.F. Eastop. 1994. which increase the number of species rec- Aphids on the World’s Trees: an Identi- orded in Greece to 333. The fact that new fication and Information Guide. CABI, species were found, which consist 5.4% of Wallingford, UK., 1024 pp. the total recorded Greek aphid fauna, sug- Blackman, R.L. and V,F. Eastop. 2000. gests that with further research and organi- Aphids on the World’s crops: an Identi- zation of similar studies in different regions fication and Information Guide. John of Greece, the recorded Greek aphid fauna Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, 2nd ed. will be substantially increased and might 466 pp. reach that reported in other European coun- Blackman, R.L. and V.F. Eastop. 2006. tries (Patti and Barbagallo 1998a, Fauna Aphids on the World’s Herbaceous Europaea 2012). Plants and Shrubs. John Wiley & Sons, Of the newly recorded species, D. lappae Ltd, Chichester, 1439 pp. is probably an established pest on artichoke Blackman, R.L. and V.F. Eastop. 2007. C. cardunculus in the main production area Taxonomic Issues. In: van Emden HF. in Greece (Argolida, Peloponese). Some and R. Harrington (eds.). Aphids as Crop species (D. devecta, M. caryella, P. bursari- Pests. Wallingford, Oxfordshire, pp 1- us, P. spyrothecae, P. vesicarius and T. 30. takachihoensis) host plants of economic Bissell, T.L. 1978. Aphids on Juglandaceae importance and also T. takachihoensis was in North America. University of Mary- recently recorded as a vector of the Po- land Agricultural Experiment Station tyvirus watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) Contribution 911, 78 pp. (Potyviridae) (Papapanagiotou and Marantis
PAPAPANAGIOTOU et al.: New records of aphid species 65
Börner, C. 1950. Neue europäische Blatt- Brill/Scandinavian Science Press Ltd. lausarten. Selbstverlag, Naumberg/Saale, 314 pp. 19 pp. Higuchi, H. 1972. A taxonomic study of the Dixon, A.F.G. 1998. Aphid Ecology. Lon- subfamily Callipterinae in Japan. Insecta don, U.K., Chapman and Hall, London, Matsum. 35: 19-126. 2nd ed. 300 pp. Hille Ris Lambers, D. 1945. De Döring, T.F. 2007. Colonies of the Asian Bloedulekkenluis van appel, Sappaphis elm aphid Tinocallis takachihoensis Hi- devecta (Walker). Tijdschr. PlZiekt. 51: guchi (Hem. Aphididae) in Britain. En- 57-72. tomologist’s Record 119: 228-229. Holman, J. 1990. On new and little-known Eastop, V.F. and H.F. van Emden. 1972. European Aphis species. Acta ent. bohe- The insect material. In: van Emden HF. moslov. 87: 122-127. (ed.). Aphid Technology. Academic Jacky, F. and Y. Bouchery. 1980. Atlas des Press, London, pp. 1-45. Formes Ailés des Espèces Courantes de Fauna Europaea 2012. Fauna Europaea ver- Puceron. Institut National de la Recher- sion 2.5. Web Service available online at che Agronomique, Colmar, France, 48 http://www.faunaeur.org. pp. Favret, C. 2012. Aphid Species File. Version Kavallieratos, N.G., Ž. Tomanovic, G.P. 1.0/4.0. [15/12/2012]. Sarlis, B.J. Vayias, V. Žikic and N.E.
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68 ENTOMOLOGIA HELLENICA 21 (2012): 54-68
Νέες καταγραφές ειδών αφίδων (Hemiptera: Aphididae) στην Ελλάδα
A.Π. ΠΑΠΑΠΑΝΑΓΙΩΤΟΥ1, M. ΝΑΘΑΝΑΪΛΙΔΟΥ2, M. TAYLOR3, Κ.Δ. ΖΑΡΠΑΣ2, K. ΒΟΥΔΟΥΡΗΣ5, Ι.Α. ΤΣΙΤΣΙΠΗΣ2,4 ΚΑΙ Ι.Α. ΜΑΡΓΑΡΙΤΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ5*
1Εργαστήριο Φυτοπροστασίας, Τμήμα Θερμοκηπιακών Καλλιεργειών και Ανθοκομίας, ΤΕΙ Μεσολογγίου, Νέα Κτήρια, 302 00, Μεσολόγγι 2Εργαστήριο Εντομολογίας και Γεωργικής Ζωολογίας, Τμήμα Φυτικής Παραγωγής και Αγροτικού Περιβάλλοντος, Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλίας, Οδός Φυτόκου, 384 46 Νέα Ιωνία, Βόλος 3AgroEcology, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, UK 4Παρούσα διεύθυνση: Μαινάλου 4, 152 35 Βριλήσσια, Αθήνα 5Τμήμα Βιοχημείας και Βιοτεχνολογίας, Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλίας, Πλούτωνος 26, 412 21 Λάρισα
ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗ
Τις τελευταίες δυο δεκαετίες έχουν δημοσιευθεί αρκετές εργασίες σχετικές με την αφιδοπανίδα της Ελλάδας. Ωστόσο, ο αριθμός των καταγεγραμμένων ειδών αφίδων είναι αρκετά μικρότε- ρος από άλλες Ευρωπαϊκές χώρες, συμπεριλαμβανομένων αυτών στη λεκάνη της Μεσογείου. Στην παρούσα εργασία συλλέξαμε δείγματα αφίδων από διάφορους ξενιστές και περιοχές της νότιας, κεντρικής και βόρειας Ελλάδας. Συνολικά συλλέχθηκαν 128 είδη αφίδων, που ανήκουν σε 55 γένη και έξι υποοικογένειες, από 200 είδη φυτών-ξενιστών. Τα περισσότερα είδη αφίδων ανήκαν στην υποοικογένεια Aphidinae (ειδικά στις φυλές Macrosiphini και Aphidini). Δεκαο- κτώ από τα συλλεχθέντα είδη είναι νέες αναφορές για την Ελλάδα. Τα αποτελέσματα της πα- ρούσας εργασίας αυξάνουν τη γνώση μας σχετικά με την αφιδοπανίδα της Ελλάδας και δεί- χνουν ότι ο αριθμός των καταγεγραμμένων ειδών στην Ελλάδα μπορεί να αυξηθεί σημαντικά αν πραγματοποιηθούν επιπλέον σχετικές μελέτες.