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Review of Israel Charny's New Book, Israel's Failed Response to the Armenian Geno
“One is either for human life or not!” Review of Israel Charny’s New Book, Israel’s Failed Response to the Armenian Genocide: Denial, State Deception, Truth versus Politicization of History. Boston: Academic Studies Press, 2021. by Tessa Hofmann Review of Israel Charny: Israel’s Failed Response to the Armenian Genocide: Denial, State Deception, Truth versus Politization of History. Boston: Academic Studies Press, 2021, 267 p. Tessa Hofmann In this extremely remarkable anthology, Israel Charny describes with obvious pain, palpable even after nearly 40 years, how a first conference on the Holocaust and genocide, including the Armenian Genocide, initiated by him and others, was blocked, obstructed, and nearly prevented by the Israeli government in the spring of 1982. National institutions such as Yad Vashem played a decisive and deeply deplorable role in this process. Promises made were revoked, which naturally put the organizers under enormous logistical and time pressure. Only now, based on newly declassified state records, Charny found that the boycott campaign was essentially spearheaded by the Israeli government itself, while the protest and attempts at prevention of lectures on the Armenian Genocide on the part of Turkey served Israel as a welcome pretext and reason for its interventions. Allegedly, Jewish lives and the escape route of Jews from Iran and Syria via Turkey were threatened by Turkey should the planned conference result in the presentation of six "Armenian" lectures - among a total of 150! The Israel Foreign Ministry demanded of Charny and his colleagues compliance, and as the tension mounted the Foreign Ministry also commanded disinviting all Armenian speakers. -
Ust Dergi Sayi 17 Layout 1
THE FABRICATED PONTUS NARRATIVE AND HATE SPEECH Teoman Ertuğrul TULUN Ph.D. Candidate Department of Political Science and Public Administration Bilkent University Abstract: This article aims to examine the genocide story invented during the late 1980’s and 90’s called the “Pontic Greek Genocide” by way of referring both to the Greek academic sources and Pontic Greek allegations. This article also examines this invented story by referring to the Turkish evaluation of the “Pontus question” before, during, and after the World War I with a special emphasis on the period corresponding to the establishment of the Republic of Turkey. In this general framework, this article reviews the ethnic background of the 165 Pontic Greeks, the fragmentation of the Byzantine Empire and its successor states, the conquest of the Greek Trebizond Empire by the Ottoman Empire, Pontus Greek narratives and claims concerning the World War I developments, Pontic Greek activities and efforts to establish a Pontian state during World War I, and the invented story of genocide. It also elaborates the elements of the hate speech developed against Turks on the basis of the fabricated “Pontic Greek Genocide”. Keywords: Pontus, Pontian Narrative, Byzantine Empire, Ottoman Empire, Republic of Turkey, Hate Speech ÜRETİLMİŞ PONTUS ANLATISI VE NEFRET SÖYLEMİ Öz: Bu makale, 1980’li yılların sonlarından bu yana olgulara dayanmayan bir şekilde öne sürülmeye başlanan, “Pontus Rum Soykırımı” anlatısına odaklanmaktadır. Makale bu soykırım anlatısını, bu anlatıyı kabul eden ve etmeyen iki tarafın kaynaklarına atıfta bulunarak incelemektedir. Taraflardan bir tanesinin kaynakları, Yunan akademik çalışmaları, bir kısım Yunan elitinin iddiaları ve Birinci Dünya Savaşı gelişmeleri ile ilgili Pontus Rum anlatımlarından ve International Crimes and History, 2016, Issue: 17 Teoman Ertuğrul TULUN iddialarından oluşmaktadır. -
'A Reign of Terror'
‘A Reign of Terror’ CUP Rule in Diyarbekir Province, 1913-1923 Uğur Ü. Üngör University of Amsterdam, Department of History Master’s thesis ‘Holocaust and Genocide Studies’ June 2005 ‘A Reign of Terror’ CUP Rule in Diyarbekir Province, 1913-1923 Uğur Ü. Üngör University of Amsterdam Department of History Master’s thesis ‘Holocaust and Genocide Studies’ Supervisors: Prof. Johannes Houwink ten Cate, Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies Dr. Karel Berkhoff, Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies June 2005 2 Contents Preface 4 Introduction 6 1 ‘Turkey for the Turks’, 1913-1914 10 1.1 Crises in the Ottoman Empire 10 1.2 ‘Nationalization’ of the population 17 1.3 Diyarbekir province before World War I 21 1.4 Social relations between the groups 26 2 Persecution of Christian communities, 1915 33 2.1 Mobilization and war 33 2.2 The ‘reign of terror’ begins 39 2.3 ‘Burn, destroy, kill’ 48 2.4 Center and periphery 63 2.5 Widening and narrowing scopes of persecution 73 3 Deportations of Kurds and settlement of Muslims, 1916-1917 78 3.1 Deportations of Kurds, 1916 81 3.2 Settlement of Muslims, 1917 92 3.3 The aftermath of the war, 1918 95 3.4 The Kemalists take control, 1919-1923 101 4 Conclusion 110 Bibliography 116 Appendix 1: DH.ŞFR 64/39 130 Appendix 2: DH.ŞFR 87/40 132 Appendix 3: DH.ŞFR 86/45 134 Appendix 4: Family tree of Y.A. 136 Maps 138 3 Preface A little less than two decades ago, in my childhood, I became fascinated with violence, whether it was children bullying each other in school, fathers beating up their daughters for sneaking out on a date, or the omnipresent racism that I did not understand at the time. -
Chapter 7. Remembering Them
University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository University of Calgary Press University of Calgary Press Open Access Books 2017-02 Understanding Atrocities: Remembering, Representing and Teaching Genocide Murray, Scott W. University of Calgary Press http://hdl.handle.net/1880/51806 book http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives 4.0 International Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca UNDERSTANDING ATROCITIES: REMEMBERING, REPRESENTING, AND TEACHING GENOCIDE Edited by Scott W. Murray ISBN 978-1-55238-886-0 THIS BOOK IS AN OPEN ACCESS E-BOOK. It is an electronic version of a book that can be purchased in physical form through any bookseller or on-line retailer, or from our distributors. Please support this open access publication by requesting that your university purchase a print copy of this book, or by purchasing a copy yourself. If you have any questions, please contact us at [email protected] Cover Art: The artwork on the cover of this book is not open access and falls under traditional copyright provisions; it cannot be reproduced in any way without written permission of the artists and their agents. The cover can be displayed as a complete cover image for the purposes of publicizing this work, but the artwork cannot be extracted from the context of the cover of this specific work without breaching the artist’s copyright. COPYRIGHT NOTICE: This open-access work is published under a Creative Commons licence. This means that you are free to copy, distribute, display or perform the work as long as you clearly attribute the work to its authors and publisher, that you do not use this work for any commercial gain in any form, and that you in no way alter, transform, or build on the work outside of its use in normal academic scholarship without our express permission. -
Komitacı Eylemlerin Son Temsilcisi İsmail Hakkı Tekçe Ve Faaliyetleri
Komitacı Eylemlerin Son Temsilcisi İsmail Hakkı Tekçe ve Faaliyetleri İsmail AKBAL Aksaray Üniversitesi AKBAL, İsmail, Komitacı Eylemlerin Son Temsilcisi İsmail Hakkı Tekçe ve Faaliyetleri CTAD, Yıl 7, Sayı 13 (Bahar 2011), 70-102. İttihad ve Terakki Cemiyeti/Fırkası’nın siyasal iktidar mücadelesi içerisinde yer alması ile birlikte Türk siyasal hayatı yeni bir kavramla tanışmıştır: Komitacılık. Siyasal iktidar yarışında legal yollardan çözülemeyen sorunların illegal yollarla, antidemokratik bir şekilde çözülmesine “komitacı faaliyetler”; bu faaliyetleri yürütenlere de “Komitacılar” denmiştir. 1903 yılından itibaren İttihatçılar tarafından kullanılan Komitacılar, 1919 yılında başlayan Millî Mücadele döneminde siyasal iktidar odağı olan Mustafa Kemal Paşa tarafından da siyasal iktidarını korumak için yaygın bir şekilde kullanılmışlardır. Bu çalışmada, komitacı yöntemleriyle tanınmış ve Milli Mücadele yıllarında Mustafa Kemal Paşa’nın verdiği bütün emirleri sorgusuz sualsiz yerine getirmiş, kendi can güvenliğini emanet edecek kadar güvendiği bir subayı olan İsmail Hakkı Tekçe ve onun faaliyetleri üzerinde durulacaktır. Anahtar Sözcükler: İsmail Hakkı Tekçe, Komitacı, İttihad ve Terakki, Meclis Muhafız Taburu AKBAL, İsmail, Last Representative of The Komitaji Movements: İsmail Hakkı Tekçe And His Activities. CTAD, Year 7, Issue 13 (Spring 2011), 71-103. Komitaji was a new concept for Turkish political life introduced by Union and Progress Party/Society with its engagement in the struggle for the political power. Komitaji operations refer to the usage of undemocratic and illegal ways for the problems that could not be solved through legal means in the competition for political power and those who were involved in such operations were dubbed as Komitajis. Komitajis who were being utilized by the Unionists since 1903 were also employed frequently in order to uphold his power by Mustafa Kemal Pasha during National Struggle Movement after 1919. -
Contested Authenticity Anthropological Perspectives of Pilgrimage Tourism on Mount Athos
religions Article Contested Authenticity Anthropological Perspectives of Pilgrimage Tourism on Mount Athos Michelangelo Paganopoulos Global Inquiries and Social Theory Research Group, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; [email protected] Abstract: This paper investigates the evolution of customer service in the pilgrimage tourist industry, focusing on Mount Athos. In doing so, it empirically deconstructs the dialectics of the synthesis of “authentic experience” between “pilgrims” and “tourists” via a set of internal and external reciprocal exchanges that take place between monks and visitors in two rival neighboring monasteries. The paper shows how the traditional value of hospitality is being reinvented and reappropriated according to the personalized needs of the market of faith. In this context, the paper shows how traditional monastic roles, such as those of the guest-master and the sacristan, have been reinvented, along with traditional practices such as that of confession, within the wider turn to relational subjectivity and interest in spirituality. Following this, the material illustrates how counter claims to “authenticity” emerge as an arena of reinvention and contestation out of the competition between rival groups of monks and their followers, arguing that pilgrimage on Athos requires from visitors their full commitment and active involvement in their role as “pilgrims”. The claim to “authenticity” is a matter of identity and the means through which a visitor is transformed from a passive “tourist” to Citation: Paganopoulos, an active “pilgrim”. Michelangelo. 2021. Contested Authenticity Anthropological Keywords: authenticity; spirituality; Mount Athos; hospitality; pilgrimage tourism Perspectives of Pilgrimage Tourism on Mount Athos. -
Svetlana Berikashvili. Morphological Aspects of Pontic Greek Spoken in Georgia
106 | Reviews Svetlana Berikashvili. Morphological Aspects of Pontic Greek Spoken in Georgia. München: LINCOM, 2017, 163 pp. ISBN 978-3-86288-852-8. Angela Ralli Over the last decades, documenting dialects and generally non-standard lan- guages has witnessed an increasing interest, especially when these linguistic systems face the threat of extinction. Th e publication of the book Morphological Aspects of Pontic Greek Spoken in Georgia is very timely, because it provides a rather detailed account of the morphology of a variety of the Pontic group, the idiosyncratic features of which have been relatively unknown. Taking into consideration the main existing proposals for both Greek and Pontic morphology, Berikashvili provides a thorough presentation of her ma- terial, and at the same time raises a lot of questions regarding the infl uence that the variety has received from the languages that has entered in contact with, mainly Turkish and Russian, and to a lesser extent Georgian and Standard Modern Greek. Although she does not off er any sound theoretical analyses of the data, she encourages the debate on several issues on Pontic morphology, particularly on those regarding infl ection, and shows that there are “several av- enues” for further developments in the study of contact morphology, if dialects are accounted for as a testing bed for validating theoretical proposals. All scholars may not agree with some of the possible explanations put for- ward by the author, such as for instance, the division in infl ectional classes of nouns (pp. 36–47), or the realization of the perfective stem in verbal forms (pp. -
HYMNS, HOMILIES and HERMENEUTICS in BYZANTIUM Abstracts
HYMNS, HOMILIES AND HERMENEUTICS IN BYZANTIUM Abstracts John Damascene on the Transfiguration of the Lord: Mystical Homiletic Performance and Eschatological Hermeneutics Dr Vassilis Adrahtas (University of New South Wales) John Damascene’s oeuvre is generally seen as scholastic and rationalistic, and thus devoid of mysticism and eschatological fervour. However, this assertion is rather sweeping and does not do justice to the comprehensiveness, complexity and subtlety of John Damascene's theologising. On the basis of his homily On the Transfiguration of the Lord, the present paper will attempt to show that John Damascene did work through established mystical tropes and was indeed driven by an eschatological consciousness. In particular, it will be shown that this specific homily is articulated as a dramatised performance that mystically presents Jesus’ (historical) past in light of the experiencing of his (meta-historical) future. As a result, the homily in question is thoroughly informed by an eschatological hermeneutics, which apart from utilising traditional modes of biblical interpretation ultimately puts forward a mysticism of action and an iconic eschatology of being truly human. The Eye of the Soul in Plato and pseudo-Macarius: Alexandrian Theology and the Roots of Hesychasm A/Professor Eva Anagnostou-Laoutides (Macquarie University) Although the mystical tradition of Hesychasm is typically associated with Gregory Palamas and his fourteenth century dispute with Barlaam of Calabria (Meyendorff 1983: 6-8; Ware 1986: 249; Healey 1999: 227-8), its historical evolution in the writings of earlier writers such as Evagrius Ponticus (345-399; Ware 1986: 177), pseudo-Dionysius Areopagite (5th- 6th century; Russell 2004: 258; Perl 2007: 68); Maximus the Confessor (c. -
When Persecution Bleeds Into Mass Murder: the Processive Nature of Genocide
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal Volume 1 Issue 2 Article 7 September 2006 When Persecution Bleeds into Mass Murder: The Processive Nature of Genocide Uğur Ü. Üngör Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/gsp Recommended Citation Üngör, Uğur Ü. (2006) "When Persecution Bleeds into Mass Murder: The Processive Nature of Genocide," Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal: Vol. 1: Iss. 2: Article 7. Available at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/gsp/vol1/iss2/7 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Open Access Journals at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal by an authorized editor of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. When Persecution Bleeds into Mass Murder: The Processive Nature of Genocide Ug˘ur U¨.U¨ngo¨r Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies, Amsterdam In the rapidly developing historiography of the Armenian Genocide, the processive character of pre-genocidal persecutions has received less attention than the genocidal process itself. This article treats the persecution of Ottoman Armenians as a cumulative process leading up to a mass-murder campaign in the summer of 1915. It addresses the evolution of CUP policy toward the Armenians through the prism of escalating persecution and the relationship between center and periphery. In order to illustrate the concrete implementation of this process, the province of Diyarbekir will serve as an example to clarify the history of the persecutions. Introduction This article will address the evolution of CUP policy toward the Armenians through the prism of escalating persecution and the relationship between center and periphery, within the context of the development of general Ottoman population policies between 1913 and 1915. -
The Displacement, Extinction and Genocide of the Pontic Greeks. 1916-1923
H-War The Displacement, Extinction and Genocide of the Pontic Greeks. 1916-1923. Discussion published by Jesko Banneitz on Monday, February 1, 2016 Type: Conference Date: February 25, 2016 to February 26, 2016 Location: Germany Subject Fields: Area Studies, Holocaust, Genocide, and Memory Studies, Islamic History / Studies, Nationalism History / Studies, Political History / Studies "The Displacement, Extinction and Genocide of the Pontic Greeks. 1916-1923." International Conference Berlin, Germany 25/26 February 2016 Over the last years, the genocide committed against the Armenians has received more and more scientific and popular attention. Thanks to a growing number of international scientists devoted to the elucidation and reappraisal of the Armenian-Ottoman past the historical processes leading to the extinction of the majority of the Armenian population within the Ottoman Empire have been traced and investigated. However, as recent international research has emphasized, the Armenian genocide by the Young-Turkish government has to be understood as only one chapter of an overall campaign of the Young-Turkish and Kemalist government against the non-Muslim (and later non-Turkish) communities. Besides the Armenians, particularly Greek communities in Asia Minor were affected most in terms of forced migration and atrocities, committed in the interests of specific Young-Turkish and Kemalist visions of the Ottoman space between 1913 and 1923. In this regard, the governmental campaign reached its violent climax in the genocide of the Greek communities in the Pontic area at the shores of the Black Sea. Albeit the killing of the Pontic Greek has become increasingly prominent in Anglo-American historical research, it still continues to be a desideratum within the European field of research. -
Karadeniz'de Milli Mücadele Yanlısı Mülki Amirler: Mazhar
2020 6 / 10 (231-244) Aksoy, Volkan, “Karadeniz’de Milli Mücadele Yanlısı Mülki Amirler: Mazhar Tevfik ve Ni- zamettin Beyler”, Karadeniz Araştırmaları Enstitüsü Dergisi, 6/10, (Millî Mücadele’den Milli Egemenliğe Karadeniz Özel Sayısı), ss.231-244. DOI: 10.31765/karen.849320 KARADENİZ’DE MİLLİ MÜCADELE YANLISI MÜLKİ AMİRLER: MAZHAR TEVFİK ve NİZAMETTİN BEYLER* * Araştırma Makalesi / Research Article Volkan AKSOY Bu makale etik kurul izni ve/veya ya- sal/özel izin alınmasını gerektirme- mektedir. / This article does not require ethical committee permission and/or le- gal/special permission. Öz: Mondros Mütarekesi sonrası Osmanlı toprakları he- men her yönden işgale uğramaya başlamıştır. Özellikle deniz kıyısı bölgeler, ilk işgale uğrayan yerler olmuştur. ** Dr. Öğr. Üyesi, Bu anlamda Samsun’a asker çıkaran İngilizler, Karade- Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi niz’de Sinop ve Giresun gibi iki önemli şehri de gözetim- Karadeniz Araştırmaları Enstitüsü, leri altında tutmuştur. İşgaller karşısında direnişe geçen Trabzon/TÜRKİYE halk ise Mustafa Kemal Paşa’nın önderliğinde Milli Müca- [email protected] dele’yi başlatmış ve adı geçen şehirlerin dirayetli idareci- ORCID : 0000-0001-6725-8012 ler elinde bulunmasına azami dikkat göstermiştir. Bu ça- lışmada gerek Sinop’ta gerek Giresun’da mülki idarenin başında bulunan Mazhar Tevfik ile Nizamettin Beylerin Anahtar Kelimeler: Milli Mücadele, Milli Mücadele’nin hemen başında karşılaştıkları sorunlar Sinop, Giresun, Mazhar Tevfik, Niza- ve nasıl bir tutum sergiledikleri anlatılmaya çalışılmıştır. mettin Bey Bu anlamda Sinop Mutasarrıfı Mazhar Tevfik Bey’in kendi Keywords: National Struggle, Sinop, kaleminden gerek İstanbul Hükûmetine gerek Mustafa Giresun, Governor Mazhar Tevfik, Cai- Kemal Paşa’ya yazdıklarına yer verilirken Nizamettin macam Nizamettin Bey’in de incelemesi ağırlıklı olarak Osmanlı Arşiv Kay- nakları üzerinden yapılmıştır. -
July Menaion
Byzantine Monthly Menaion Volume Eleven: July Metropolitan Cantor Institute Byzantine Catholic Seminary Pittsburgh, PA Foreword A Menaion is a liturgical book which contains the changeable parts of Byzantine divine services for a given month. The volume in your hands is the tenth of a series of twelve books for use in Byzantine Catholic parishes. Each day is provided with the following material: (1) Synaxarion (brief life of the saints remembered) (2) Troparia and Kontakia (3) Prokeimena and Alleluiaria (4) Communion Hymn. On major feasts, the proper antiphons (when there are any) and the Magnification and Irmos (appointed to take the place of It is truly proper) are also included. Texts which are contained in the Faithful’s Book published by the Byzantine Catholic Church are reproduced with their musical settings from that book. Those texts were translated by the Inter-Eparchial Liturgical Commission, and then set to plainchant by the Inter-Eparchial Music Commission. Many of the Troparia contained in this volume of the Menaion are, in fact, common texts (i.e., they are used on more than one feast). These texts, too, come from the work of the IELC/IEMC, as are all the Prokeimena and Alleluiaria and Communion Hymns. The texts of the Troparia and Kontakia that are not from the above-mentioned source are almost always taken from the Order of Matins published by the Sisters of the Order of Saint Basil the Great, and we acknowledge these texts with gratitude. This volume is intended to be used annually. Because of this, cantors must use the Typikon of the Metropolitan Church to discern how materials from the Menaion are to be combined with the Sunday Ochtoechos.