Aircraft Speed Climb Ceiling Pilot/Observer Country Air Service P SPAD XIII Francesco Barraca Italy Servizio Aeronautico Active service during war A A 16 1 3 14 Rene Fonck France Aéronautique Militaire May 1917 - November 1918 Edward Vernon Rickenbacker USA United States Army Air Service Albatross D.Va Ernst Udet Germany Luftstreitskräfte Active service during war B A 15 2 3 13 Ludwig Weber Germany Luftstreitskräfte May 1917 - November 1918 Kurt Jentsch Germany Luftstreitskräfte

Sopwith Camel William George Barker Canada Series 1 Active service during war C A 16 2 2 13 Aubrey R. Ellwood Great Britain Royal Flying Corps May 1917 - November 1918 Jan Olieslagers Belgium Aviation Militaire Belge Fokker DR.1 Germany Luftstreitskräfte Active service during war D A 13 3 2 13 Fritz Kempf Germany Luftstreitskräfte July 1917 - July 1918 Arthur Rahn Germany Luftstreitskräfte Fokker D.VII Hermann Göring Germany Luftstreitskräfte Active service during war L A 16 2 2 14 Hugo Schäfer Germany Luftstreitskräfte April 1918 - November 1918 Ernst Udet Germany Luftstreitskräfte Sopwith Snipe William George Barker Canada Royal Flying Corps Active service during war M A 16 2 2 14 Thomas C. R. Baker Australia September 1918 - November 1918 Verner Ryrie Australia Australian Flying Corps LFG Roland C.II Manfred von Richthofen* Germany Luftstreitskräfte Series 2 *B Active service during war K 15 3 5 10 Richard Seibert & Arthur Pflieger Germany Luftstreitskräfte B/B February 1916 - October 1917 Luftstreitskräfte Germany Luftstreitskräfte Dehavilland & AIRCO DH.4 Egbert & Robert Leckie Great Britain Royal Flying Corps A/B Active service during war H 15 2 4 11 American Expeditionary Force* USA United States Army Air Service *A/A March 1917 - November 1918 Alfred Clayburn Atkey Canada Royal Flying Corps 17 & Nieuport 23* Gervais Lufbery & Georges Thenault France Aéronautique Militaire A Active service during war I 12 3 3 12 *Kibanov Russia Imperial Russian Air Force *B May 1917 - November 1918 France Aéronautique Militaire Albatross D.III Godwin Brumowski Austria Luftfahrtruppen Active service during war J A 14 3 4 11 Ludwig Hautzmayer Austria Luftfahrtruppen - November 1917 Werner Voss Germany Luftstreitskräfte

Ufag C.I Fliegerkompanie 23/D Austria Luftfahrtruppen Series 3 Active service during war H B/B 16 2 4 11 Luftfahrtruppen 1 Austria Luftfahrtruppen January 1918 - November 1918 Luftfahrtruppen 2 Austria Luftfahrtruppen RAF R.E. 8 John Longton & Thomas Carson Great Britain Royal Flying Corps Active service during war K B/B 13 3 5 10 Gerald Fergusonn & Air Mech. Fry Great Britain Royal Flying Corps May 1917 - November 1918 Aviation Militaire Belge Belgium Aviation Militaire Belge : No Immelmann maneuver in the deck. SPEED: Lower rating means faster plane. Aircraft Speed Climb Ceiling Pilot/Observer Country Air Service P Charles Chouteau Johnson France Aéronautique Militaire Equipped with Le Prieur Rockets Norman Prince France Aéronautique Militaire R B 10 4 5 10

Active service during war Henri de Guibert France Aéronautique Militaire

Busters Balloon Balloon March 1917 - November 1918 Henry Lecour Grandmaison France Aéronautique Militaire RAF S.E. 5a William Avery Bishop Canada Royal Flying Corps Active service during war N A 16 1 2 14 Roderic Stanley Dallas Australia Australian Flying Corps March 1917 - November 1918 Joseph E. Boudwin USA United States Army Air Service Pfalz D.II & Pfalz D.IIIa Fritz Hohn Germany Luftstreitskräfte Active service during war J A 16 3 4 11 Hans Klein Germany Luftstreitskräfte March 1917 - November 1918 Max Hotlzem Germany Luftstreitskräfte Breguet BR.14 B2 De Greffier & Marseille France Aéronautique Militaire Series 4 B/A Active service during war K 17 3 4 12 Grebil & Carron* France Aéronautique Militaire *B/B March 1918 - November 1918 Browning & Duke* USA United States Army Air Service Rumpler C.IV C. Marine Feld Flieger Abteilung Germany German Naval Air Service Active service during war K B/B 15 3 4 14 Marine Feld Flieger Abteilung Germany German Naval Air Service May 1917 - November 1918 Marine Feld Flieger Abteilung Germany German Naval Air Service SPAD XIII A A 16 1 3 14 Frank Luke USA United States Army Air Service Sopwith Camel C A 16 2 2 13 Roy Brown Canada Royal Flying Corps Albatross D.Va B Paul Baumer Germany Luftstreitskräfte

Deluxe A 15 2 3 13 Edition Fokker DR.1 D A 13 3 2 13 Manfred von Richthofen Germany Luftstreitskräfte Gotha G.V Michael von Korff Germany Luftstreitskräfte Active service during war XD B/B 27 4 5 13 August 1917 - November 1918 Walter Aschoff Germany Luftstreitskräfte Caproni Ca.3 Casimiro Buttini Italy Servizio Aeronautico XD B/B 25 4 6 10

Special Packs Active service during war Giant Bombers February 1917 - November 1918 Escadrille CEP 115 France Aéronautique Militaire Fokker E.III Max Immemann Germany Luftstreitskräfte Active service during war T B 11 4 6 8 Hans-Joachim Buddecke Germany Luftstreitskräfte September 1915 - August 1916 Ludwig Hautzmayer Germany Luftstreitskräfte Airco DH.2 Robert Saundby Great Britain Royal Flying Corps Active service during war P B 13 4 5 10 Lanoe George Hawker Great Britain Royal Flying Corps February 1916 - June 1917 John Oliver Andrews Great Britain Royal Flying Corps

Halberstadt D.III Hans von Keudell Germany Luftstreitskräfte Series 5 Active service during war P B 14 4 5 10 Luftstreitskräfte Germany Luftstreitskräfte - Early 1917 Luftstreitskräfte Germany Luftstreitskräfte Morane-Saulnier Type N Eugène Gilbert France Aéronautique Militaire Active service during war T B 10 4 6 9 Jean Navarre France Aéronautique Militaire April 1915 - Early 1916 Jean Chaput France Aéronautique Militaire : No Immelmann maneuver in the deck. SPEED: Lower rating means faster plane. The son of a nobleman, Francesco Baracca, Italy's greatest ace, entered Pilot: Francesco Baracca SPAD XIII the Scuola Militaire at Modena in October 1907. Less than a year Country: Italy later, he was an officer in the Royal Piedmont Cavalry. In April 1912, Baracca and other cavalry officers were ordered to Reims, France for Rank: Maggiore flight training. The Kingdom of Italy declared war on the Austro- Service: Servizio Aeronautico Hungarian Empire on May 24th, 1915. With a , he scored the first Italian victory of the war on April 7th, 1916, His final Victories: 34 victory, an Austrian Albatross D.III, came just three days prior to his Born: May 9th 1888 death. Shot down and killed while strafing enemy lines, his body was recovered a few days later near the burnt out wreckage of his SPAD Died: June 19th 1918 - age 30 VII. When found, Baracca was holding a pistol in his hand and had a Killed in Action bullet hole in his forehead. Whether he was shot down by ground fire, chose suicide over a fiery death in the cockpit or was killed attempting to resist capture will never be known.

Fonck was the highest scoring ace for France and the Allies. As a boy Pilot: René Paul Fonck SPAD XIII growing up in the foothills of the Vosges, he was fascinated by stories Country: France of men and their flying machines. Yet when he was conscripted in August 1914, he refused to serve in the French Air Service, choosing Rank: Capitaine instead to go to the trenches. By early 1915, he had changed his mind Service: Aéronautique Militaire and began his flight training. In April 1917, after more than 500 hours of flight time, Fonck was assigned to Spa103. Flying the SPAD Victories: 75 VII, he developed a reputation for studying the tactics of his opponents Born: March 27th, 1894 and conserving ammunition during a . On two separate occasions, he shot down six enemy aircraft in one day. Fonck was Died: June 18th, 1953 - Age 59 never a humble man and often recounted his many victories. He never achieved the admiration and popularity of the humble ; but no one could deny that Fonck was an excellent pilot and superb marksman.

The son of Swiss immigrants, Edward Vernon Rickenbacker was the Pilot: Edward Rickenbacker SPAD XIII American "Ace of Aces." He recorded 26 official victories against Country: United States of American German aircraft during and was awarded the Medal of Honor. Between WWI and WWII, Rickenbacker bought and Rank: Captain administered the Indianapolis Speedway and became president of Service: United States Air Service Eastern Airlines. In October 1942, he was aboard a B-17 bomber that crashed in the Pacific Ocean while on a secret mission to New Guinea. Victories: 26 "Iron Man Eddie" and six companions survived 24 days afloat on life Born: October 8th, 1890 rafts. In 1995, the United States Postal Service issued a postage stamp in honor of Rickenbacker's accomplishments as an aviation pioneer. Died: July 27th 1973 - Age 82 Udet learned to fly by taking private lessons and entered the German Pilot: Ernst Udet Albatross D.Va Air Force in September 1915. Flying a Fokker D.III, he scored his Country: Germany first victory on March 18th, 1916 in a lone attack against 22 French aircraft. He scored five more victories with Jasta 15 and reportedly Rank: Oberleutnant dueled with Georges Guynemer in June 1917. Udet would later write Service: Luftstreitskräfte that during the dogfight, his guns jammed and the French ace broke off his attack when he saw Udet pounding on the breech of his Victories: 62 . All of the aircraft he flew in combat were marked with Born: April 26th, 1896 "LO!" on the fuselage in honor of his fiancée, Eleonore Zink. Udet was the highest scoring German ace to survive World War I. Post war he Died: Nov. 17th, 1941 - Age 45 traveled the world performing in air shows for the public. In 1935 he joined the and became Quartermaster-General, During World War II he became disillusioned with Göring and the Nazi regime and committed suicide in 1941.

Ludwig Weber was a fighter pilot in Jagdstaffel 3, apparently joining Pilot: Ludwig Weber Albatross D.Va some time around November 1916. He attained his first victory, a BE2, Country: Germany on April 3rd, 1917. Three days later he was wounded in an Albatross D.II, possibly by 48 Squadron, who claimed two Albatross scouts Rank: Lieutenant northeast of Arras. Weber was hospitalized, but returned to Jasta 3 Service: Luftstreitskräfte later and scored his second victory on September 27th, 1917, a Camel. In 1933 Weber went to Addis Ababa, as a representative of the Victories: 2 German firm of Junkers, he had been commissioned to assist in the Born: October 31st, 1895 establishment of Ethiopian aviation. He became the personal pilot for Emperor Haile Sellassie of Ethiopia and designed and built an aircraft Died: 1977 - Age 82 based on a previous German design. The aircraft was named after the Emperor's daughter Tsehai. In the spring 1939 he became director of the Brazilian public transport company.He passed away in Beinwil in Switzerland in 1977.

Though his Pfalz D.IIIa was destroyed, Jentsch was uninjured when he was Pilot: Karl Friedrich Kurt Jentsch Albatross D.Va shot down by Bréguets near Chavignon on 5 March 1918. He was wounded Country: Germany in action over Emerchicourt at 0835 on September 4th, 1918. It is known that he survived the first world war and later recounted his experiences in Rank: Vizefeldwebel the book "Hunting Flyer in the Fire". Service: Luftstreitskräfte Victories: 7 Born: ? Died: ? William George Barker left high school in Dauphin to enlist in the Canadian Pilot: William George Barker Sopwith Camel Mounted Rifles in December 1914. He spent eight months in the trenches Country: Canada before he received a commission in the Royal Flying Corps in April 1916. After starting out as a mechanic, he qualified as an observer in August 1916 Rank: Major and shot down his first enemy aircraft from the rear seat of a B.E.2d. In Service: Royal Flying Corps November 1917, his squadron was reassigned to Italy where Barker's Sopwith Camel became the single most successful of the war. Victories: 50 Barker shot down 46 enemy aircraft before Camel #B6313 was retired from Born: November 3rd, 1894 service. On October 27th, 1918, alone and flying a Sopwith Snipe, he encountered sixty Fokker D.VIIs flying in stepped formation. In an epic Died: March 12th, 1930 - Age 35 battle Barker shot down four enemy aircraft despite appalling wounds to Killed in Flight Accident both legs and his elbow. Fainting from pain and loss of blood, he managed to crash land his Snipe within the safety of the British lines. For his actions that day, Barker received the .

Distinguished Service Cross: For the determination and skill displayed Pilot: Aubrey Beauclerk Ellwood Sopwith Camel by him as a pilot. On the 10th March, 1918, he attacked three Country: Great Britain Albatross scouts. He drove two of the enemy aircraft down, and then dived on the third and fired a long burst. The enemy machine pulled Rank: Lieutenant up, fell over on its side, and fell straight down out of control until lost Service: Royal Flying Corps to sight. He has also destroyed or brought down out of control many other enemy machines. Victories: 10 Born: July 3rd, 1897 Died: December 20th, 1992 - Age 95

The "Antwerp Devil" was the first man to achieve a speed of 100 Pilot: Jan Olieslagers Sopwith Camel km/h on a motorcycle. Olieslagers fascination with racing motorcycles "The Antwerp Devil" led to a world championship in 1902. As his interest shifted to aircraft, he purchased a plane in 1909 and within four years, he'd set Country: Belgium seven world records. When the Germans invaded Belgium, he and his Rank: Lieutenant two brothers joined the army and donated their three Blériot XI monoplanes to the war effort. In his first aerial combat, Olieslagers Service: Aviation Militaire Belge attacked an enemy aircraft armed only with a pistol. Throughout the Victories: 6 - Many more undocumented war, he seldom bothered to claim the enemy aircraft he destroyed. Despite a modest score of six confirmed victories, Olieslagers flew 491 Born: May 4th, 1883 sorties and engaged in 97 . Returning to Antwerp at the end Died: March 23rd, 1942 - Age 58 of the war, Olieslagers was responsible for the development of the Antwerp Airport in 1923. The most famous ace of the war, Manfred von Richthofen briefly served in Pilot: Manfred von Richthofen Fokker DR.1 the trenches before transferring to the German Air Force in 1916. Oswald "The Red Baron" Boelcke's star pupil was a fast learner and achieved immediate success. A month after receiving his first Albatross, Richthofen had six victories Country: Germany against Allied aircraft. As his reputation grew, the "Red Knight of Germany" Rank: Rittmeister painted the fuselage of his Albatross D.III bright red to flaunt his prowess in the air. The British called him the jolly "Red Baron," to the French he was Service: Luftstreitskräfte the "Red Devil." He was shot down as he flew over the trenches in pursuit of Victories: 80 Wilfrid May on April 21st, 1918. Although Roy Brown was officially credited with the victory, evidence suggests Richthofen was hit by a single Born: May 2nd, 1892 bullet fired from a machine gun in the trenches. Buried in France with full Died: April 21st, 1918 - Age 25 military honors, Richthofen's body was later exhumed and reburied in the family cemetery at Wiesbaden. Killed in Action

Born in Freiburg on the 9th of May 1894. He interrupted his engineering Pilot: Fritz Kempf Fokker DR.1 studies to fulfill his compulsory military obligation and at age 19, he joined Country: Germany 5. Badisches-Infanterie Regiment Nr. 113 in Freiburg on October 1913. His volunteer service was extended by outbreak of the war. He was decorated Rank: Lieutenant many times for his service in both the infantry and air service, He flew Service: Luftstreitskräfte several different aircraft including the Gotha G II and the Albatross DIII, but his Fokker Dr. 1 is the most famous. Where did "kennscht mi noch" Victories: 4 came from. Kempf was a very talkative young man and when he would meet Born: May 9th, 1894 an old comrade he hadn't seen for months he would walk up to him, touches his shoulder and says "Hello, I'm Fritz Kempf. Do you still remember me?, Died: August 1966 - Age 72 (kennscht mi noch?") He adds this question nearly every time, a habit. His comrades made a joke of it even in a dogfight. So he decided to choose this sentence as his personal marking

Rahn joined the army on January 6th, 1915 and transferred to the Pilot: Arthur Rahn Fokker DR.1 German Air Force in the spring of 1916. Following flight school at Country: Germany Coslin, he served with FEA 7 for the remainder of the year. Whilst serving with Jasta 19, he broke his nose in a crash on 5 February Rank: Vizefeldwebel 1917. During the last two years of the war, he flew with three fighter Service: Luftstreitskräfte Staffeln and scored six victories before he was wounded in combat on July 17th, 1918. At the time, he was flying a Fokker DR.I, easily Victories: 6 identified by its pattern of white diamonds over vertical black and Born: July 18th, 1897 white stripes on the fuselage. Arthur Rahn with his wife and daughter moved to the states in 1927/28 and settled in the Detroit Died: 1962 - Age 65 area. Rahn and his son-in-law owned a business together until Arthur had a stroke in 1956 and then died a few years later in 1962. The son of a distinguished army officer, Hermann Göring was Pilot: Hermann Wilhelm Göring Fokker D VII commissioned in the in 1912. Göring completed his observer Country: Germany training in 1915, After training to become a pilot, he scored his first victory on November 16th, 1915. He was wounded in action on July 16th, 1917. Rank: Oberleutnant Serving with various units over the next three years, he accumulated Service: Luftstreitskräfte seventeen more victories. Following the death of Wilhelm Reinhard, He assumed command of Manfred von Richthofen's JG I on July 8th, 1918. Victories: 22 Göring joined the Nazi Party in 1922, he aided Hitler's rise to power and Born: January 12th, 1893 later become President of the Reichstag, Prime Minister of Prussia and Commander-in-Chief of the Luftwaffe. In 1946, Göring was tried for Died: October 15th, 1946 - Age 53 conspiracy to wage war, crimes against peace, war crimes and crimes against humanity. He was found guilty of all charges and sentenced to death by hanging. Two hours before his scheduled execution, Göring committed suicide by taking a poison capsule.

Joined the army in 1915, transferred to the German Air Force in the fall of Pilot: Hugo Schäfer Fokker D VII 1917. Shot down by an S.E.5a on June 17th, 1918. Claimed all 11 victories Country: Germany with Jasta 15. His Fokker D.VII carried a winged snake on the fuselage. After the war, Hugo Schäfer worked in civil aviation. On February 3rd, Rank: Lieutenant 1920 he was killed in a plane crash. Service: Luftstreitskräfte Victories: 11 Born: June 30th, 1894 Died: February 3rd, 1920 - Age 25 Killed in Flight Accident

During his service with Jasta 15 that Udet encountered Georges Guynemer, Pilot: Ernst Udet Fokker D VII the French ace, in single combat. Guynemer preferred to hunt alone; by this Country: Germany time, he was the leading French ace, and one of the war's leading aces, with more than 30 victories. The two opponents tried every tricky aerobatic they Rank: Oberleutnant knew; the Frenchman ripped a burst of fire through the upper wing of Service: Luftstreitskräfte Udet's plane. Udet evaded him and maneuvered for advantage. For an instant, Udet had him in his sights, but his guns jammed. While pretending to Victories: 62 dogfight, he worked to unjam them. Guynemer saw his opponent's Born: April 26th, 1896 predicament, waved, and flew away. Udet wrote of the fight, "For seconds, I forgot that the man across from me was Guynemer, my enemy. It seems as Died: Nov. 17th, 1941 - Age 45 though I were sparring with an older comrade over our own airfield." William George Barker left high school in Dauphin to enlist in the Canadian Pilot: William George Barker Sopwith Snipe Mounted Rifles in December 1914. He spent eight months in the trenches Country: Canada before he received a commission in the Royal Flying Corps in April 1916. After starting out as a mechanic, he qualified as an observer in August 1916 Rank: Major and shot down his first enemy aircraft from the rear seat of a B.E.2d. In Service: Royal Flying Corps November 1917, his squadron was reassigned to Italy where Barker's Sopwith Camel became the single most successful fighter aircraft of the war. Victories: 50 Barker shot down 46 enemy aircraft before Camel #B6313 was retired from Born: November 3rd, 1894 service. On 27 October 1918, alone and flying a Sopwith Snipe, he encountered sixty Fokker D.VIIs flying in stepped formation. In an epic Died: March 12th, 1930 - Age 35 battle Barker shot down four enemy aircraft despite appalling wounds to Killed in Flight Accident both legs and his elbow. Fainting from pain and loss of blood, he managed to crash land his Snipe within the safety of the British lines. For his actions that day, Barker received the Victoria Cross.

A bank clerk from Adelaide, Baker joined the army on 29 July 1915. After Pilot: Thomas C. R. Baker Sopwith Snipe serving on the Western Front with the 6th Field Artillery Brigade, he Country: Australia transferred to the Australian Flying Corps in September 1917. In June 1918, he returned to France and was assigned to 4 Squadron, flying Sopwith Rank: Captain Camels. Baker scored six victories before his squadron was re-equipped with Service: Australian Flying Corps the Sopwith Snipe. Promoted to flight commander, he was credited with six more victories in October 1918 but was killed in action the following month. Victories: 12 Born: May 2nd, 1897 Died: November 4th, 1918 - Age 21 Killed in Action

He served in the military as a Lieutenant, number 676, 4th Battalion, 1st Pilot: Clement Verner Ryrie Sopwith Snipe AIF from August 28, 1914 to December 20, 1918 in WW1. Unit embarked Country: Australia from Sydney, New South Wales, on board HMAT A14 Euripides on 20 October 1914. Ryrie continued in aviation after the war. Rank: Lieutenant Service: Australian Flying Corps Victories: ? Born: 1895 Died: ? Sent to Grossenhain on June 10th, 1915, Richthofen was the first of Pilot: Manfred von Richthofen LFG Roland C.II his training class to be assigned. He began his flying career at "The Red Baron" Feldfiegerabtedung 69 as an observer on the Eastern Front, taking photographs of Russian troop positions. A couple of months later, he Observer: ? transferred to a Western Front unit in Belgium as a bombardier. Still Country: Germany flying as an observer, he prevailed upon his friend Oberleutnant Georg Zeumer for help. After only 24 hours of Zeumer's tutoring, Rank: Rittmeister Richthofen took to the air on his first solo flight, and promptly Service: Luftstreitskräfte destroyed his plane while trying to land. Unwounded and undeterred, Richthofen kept at it, practicing for two weeks before heading off to Victories: 80 the flying school at Doberitz. Five months later, he returned to his Born: May 2nd, 1893 squadron as a pilot, flying two-seaters near Verdun. Died: April 21st, 1918 - Age 25 Killed in Action

Pilot: Leutnant Richard Seibert LFG Roland C.II Observer: Hauptmann Arthur Pfleger Country: Germany Service: Luftstreitskräfte Victories: ? Died: Leutnant Seibert was killed in action December 11th, 1916. No record of Hauptmann Pfleger.

Country: Germany LFG Roland C.II Service: Luftstreitskräfte

The LFG Roland C.II, usually known as the Walfisch (Whale), was an advanced German reconnaissance/fighter escort aircraft. Pilot: Major Egbert Cadbury Dehavilland DH.4 - AIRCO DH.4 Air Commodore Sir Egbert Cadbury was the son of George and Dame Observer: Captain Robert Leckie he was educated at Leighton Park School and Trinity College, Cambridge. He went on to become managing director Country: Great Britain/Canada of Cadbury Brothers Ltd, the predecessor of Cadbury Schweppes. Service: Royal Flying Corps Air Marshal Robert Leckie learned to fly in Toronto and joined the Victories: L70: Cadbury-Leckie in 1915. He later directed flying operations Zeppelin L21 : Cadbury for the Canadian Air Board, and oversaw the creation of mail and Zepplin L22: Leckie passenger air service throughout Canada. He later returned to the RAF, and by 1940 commanded the British air forces in the Mediterranean Born: 1893/1890 Sea from Malta. In 1944 he became Chief of Air Staff, and was promoted to Air Marshal. After his retirement from the RCAF, Leckie Died: 1967 - Age 74/1975 - Age 84 played an active role in the Canadian Air Cadet movement.

Country: United States of America Dehavilland DH.4 - AIRCO DH.4 Service: United States Air Service

The Airco DH.4 was a British two- seat day-bomber. The DH.4 proved a huge success and was often considered the best single-engined bomber of the First World War. The American version was fitted with two Marlin machine guns in the nose and two Lewis guns in the rear.

Twin Lewis machine guns on the American D.H.4. In 1906 Alfred Atkey's family left Toronto to pioneer western Canada. From Pilot: Alfred Clayburn Atkey Dehavilland DH.4 - AIRCO DH.4 Minebow, Saskatchewan, Atkey returned to Toronto as a journalist for the Country: Canada Toronto Evening Telegram. On 19 October 1916, he enlisted in the Royal Flying Corps as a probationary Second Lieutenant. By September 1917, he Rank: Captain was a bomber pilot flying the D.H.4, and on his way to becoming the highest Service: Royal Flying Corps scoring two-seater pilot of World War I. In May 1918, Atkey assumed command of "A" flight in 22 Squadron. Abandoning the "Four," he began Victories: 38 flying the Bristol F.2b. For his gunner and observer, he chose Lieutenant Born: August 16th, 1894 Charles Gass. Together, they were deadly, shooting down 29 enemy aircraft in less than one month. They were lucky too. On one occasion, their Bristol Died: February 10th, 1971 - Age 76 Fighter was so badly shot up that Gass had to crawl out onto the lower wing to counterbalance the aircraft so that Atkey could fly it back to base. Gervais Raoul Lufbery was born in France and moved to the United States Pilot: Gervais Lufbery with his parents when he was six years old. He enlisted in the U.S. Army in Country: France/United States 1907. After being discharged from the army, he traveled throughout Asia and, in 1910, took a job as a mechanic with Marc Pourpe, a French aviator. Rank: Major When the war began, they were in France and Pourpe quickly joined the Service: Aéronautique Militaire French Air Service. Lufbery, being an American, joined the Foreign Legion but followed Pourpe to the front as his mechanic. When Pourpe was killed United States Air Service in action in 1914, Lufbery applied for and received a brevet in the French Victories: 16 Air Service. After months as a reconnaissance pilot, he moved on to fighters. Lufbery spent almost four years in the French Air Service and with the Born: March 14, 1885 , scoring 16 victories, before he joined the United States Died: May 19, 1918 - Age 33 Air Service as an instructor. Idolized by his subordinates and revered by his peers, he was killed in action as he attempted to bag a German Rumpler. Killed in Action

Pilot: Georges Thenault Lieutenant Colonel Georges Thenault was the commander of the Nieuport 17 Lafayette Escadrille.. The Lafayette Escadrille was created before the Country: France/United States United States gave up its neutrality, and joined France and England in Rank: Major its war against Germany. Once the United States formally entered the Service: Aéronautique Militaire war, the Lafayette Escadrille was absorbed into the U.S. Army. During World War II, Thenault resided in the Occupied Zone of France United States Air Service involved with personal business while his wife Sarah resided at Victories: 7, 4 confirmed Harwich Port, Massachusetts, with their two children. While on a Born: December 1887 hunting trip outside , Thenault suffered a heart attack. He died in Died: December 19th, 1948 - Age 61 Paris, France. Pilot: Kibanov Kibanov’s aircraft carried the original French markings, and he Nieuport 23 himself apparently wore a British flight suit. As indicated by the Country: Russia theme of the emblem adorning this aircraft, Kibanov was likely an Service: Imperial Russian Air Service officer with a cavalry unit. Kibanov, flying this aircraft, was shot Died: October 11th. 1917 - Age ? down and killed on October 11, 1917, during combat near Minsk. Killed in Action

Pilot: Charles Nungesser Despite terrible injuries, including a twice broken jaw and dislocated Nieuport 17 knee, Charles Nungesser achieved ten victories in the battle of Country: France Verdun. Nungesser's death remains a mystery. On 8 May 1927, he Rank: Lieutenant and François Coli left LeBourget Field near Paris on an historic Service: Aéronautique Militaire nonstop flight to New York in a biplane called l'Oiseau Blanc (the White Bird). They were never seen again. Following an exhaustive Victories: 43 investigation, the French government published a report in 1984 Born: March 15th, 1892 which concluded that Nungesser probably reached North America. Died: May 8th, 1927- Age 35 Killed in Flight Accident Brumowski was the Austro-Hungarian Empire's highest scoring ace. Pilot: Godwin Brumowski Albatross D.III When war was declared, he was serving as an officer in an artillery Country: Austro-Hungarian Empire regiment. After distinguishing himself in combat on the Russian front, he transferred to the air service in July 1915. He frequently Rank: Hauptmann flew missions as an observer before becoming a pilot. In November Service: Luftfahrtruppen 1916, Brumowski scored five victories in less than two months. In 1917, after studying fighter tactics with Jasta 24, he assumed Victories: 35 command of Flik 41J, the first true Austro-Hungarian fighter Born: July 26th, 1889 squadron. His Albatross D.III, was painted red and when airborne, his squadron was easily identified by the macabre insignia Brumowski Died: June 3rd, 1936 - Age 46 designed: a white skull on a black background. Having been Killed in Flight Accident recognized as an extraordinary leader, he was given command of all Austro-Hungarian fighter squadrons. After the war, Brumowski tried his hand at farming operated a flying school until he was fatally injured in a plane crash. At the outbreak of the First World War he was assigned to the 7th infantry Pilot: Ludwig Hautzmayer Albatross D.III regiment and went to the Russian front where he was badly wounded in the Country: Austro-Hungarian Empire leg. After recovering he volunteered for the Austro-Hungary aviation corp and was immediately accepted. First trained as an observer he eventually Rank: Oberleutnant was assigned for main pilot duties He claimed a victory in his first flight. Service: Luftfahrtruppen His final victory was in October 1918, just a week before the ceasefire. His last four victories were achieved in the Albatross D. III. He was awarded Victories: 7 the Knight's Cross of the Order of St. Leopold with war decoration for merit Born: April 25th, 1893 on the battlefield. After the war he married and acquired Hungarian nationality and changed his name to Lajos Tatai. He found a job as a Died: December 6th, 1936 - Age 43 commercial pilot in the Hungarian airline Malert. He was killed on Killed in Flight Accident December 6th, 1936, when in dense fog near he crashed his plane into a factory chimney. He is buried in Hietzing Vienna.

Born in Krefeld, Voss was the youngest of three sons of an industrial dyer. Pilot: Werner Voss Albatross D.III In 1914 he enlisted at the age of 17 in the 2nd Westphalian Hussar Country: Germany Regiment Nr. 11, he then transferred to the Luftstreitkräfte. A gifted pilot, he was immediately enrolled as an instructor upon graduating, before finally Rank: Leutnant departing to the front. Voss served an observer before he was allowed to fly Service: Luftstreitskräfte as a pilot. He then transferred to scout aircraft and was posted to 's Jasta 2, where he flew as Richthofen's wingman. He scored his Victories: 48 first victory at the age of 18 on November 27th, 1916. He was credited with Born: April 13th, 1897 38 confirmed victories in his Albatross D.III scout aircraft decorated with a swastika and heart motifs (for good luck). Voss was shot down while flying Died: Sept. 23rd, 1917 - Age 20 his Fokker Triplane in an historic dogfight on September 23rd, 1917 in Killed in Action which he single-handedly engaged as many as eight SE5s flown by some of the Royal Flying Corps' top aces. Country: Austro-Hungarian Empire Ufag C.I Service: Luftfahrtruppen

The Ufag C.I was a two-seat, single-engine biplane reconnaissance/fighter serving the Austro- Hungarian Empire air services.

Country: Austro-Hungarian Empire Ufag C.I Service: Luftfahrtruppen

The aircraft made its first appearance in April of 1918 and proved an excellent mount that it quickly warranted a quantitative production order for 284.

Country: Germany Ufag C.I Service: Luftfahrtruppen

Despite the large order, only 166 of these aircraft were delivered by October of 1918, with the war officially over by November. On July 31st, 1917, the 3rd Battle of Ypres began, or as it was more Pilot: Lieutenant John Longton RAF R.E. 8 commonly known as the Battle of Passchendaele. The assault was a Observer: Lieutenant Thomas Carson failure from the start; the British advanced less than half a mile before being held by determined opposition. The clouds were seldom Country: Great Britain above 1000 ft, but contact patrols were still flown as the RFC tried to Service: Royal Air Corps pile on the pressure. Of the forty-four patrols flown by aircraft of V Brigade on July 31st, fifteen were by 4 Sqn., with the usual casualties Victories: ? being sustained; Lt J. Longton and 2nd Lt T.L. Carson were reported Born: ?/? missing. The work had by necessity been carried out at very low level, and all aircraft were heavily engaged by enemy small arms fire. Died; July 31st, 1917 July 31st, 1917

Killed in Action Lt. Thomas Carson There is a record in the Londen Gazette of Gerald Ferguson Pilot: Lieutenant Gerald Ferguson RAF R.E. 8 receiving the Distinguished Service Cross in 1919. Observer: 2nd Class Air Mechanic Fry Country: Great Britain Service: Royal Air Corps Victories: ? Born: ? Died; ?

Country: Belgium RAF R.E. 8 Service: Aviation Militaire Belge

The Royal Aircraft Factory R.E.8 was a British two-seat biplane reconnaissance and bomber aircraft. Hailing from St. Louis, Missouri, Johnson was an early member of Pilot: Charles Chouteau Johnson Nieuport 16 the Lafayette Escadrille, a group of American volunteers in France. He Country: United States was sort a minor deity to the young men who joined later. Rank: Sergeant Service: Escadrille "Lafayette" Victories: 1 Born: ? Died: ?

Norman Prince was a leading founder of France's Lafayette Escadrille Pilot: Norman Prince Nieuport 16 with Bill Thaw, Elliott C. Cowdin, Frazier Curtis, and Greeley S. Country: United States Curtis, Jr. Norman was son of Frederick H. Prince and had graduated from Harvard Law School and was practicing law in Chicago when he Rank: Sergeant joined a group to build and race a plane in the Gordon Bennett Cup Service: Escadrille "Lafayette" Race. They hired Starling Burgess to build their plane in his boat yard in Marblehead, Massachusetts in 1912. Norman's family owned an Victories: 5 estate in Pau, France "Villa Ste. Helene, and Norman spoke fluent Born: ? French. Norman sailed to France in January 1915 and finally persuaded the French to allow the founding of the American Died: October 15th, 1916 Escadrille in April 1916. As an aviator Norman Prince flew 122 Killed in Action aerial combats in which he brought down five hostile planes. Prince was killed in October, 1916. He is buried in France's National Cathedral.

Henri de Guibert was born in Paris on 4 May, 1894. In spring 1914, Pilot: Henri de Guibert Nieuport 16 he went to the school Caudron Crotoy to learn to fly. On June 26, Country: France 1916 he claimed his first victory against a balloon, he then attacked two enemy planes, forcing one to land and the other to flee. Rank: Adjutant Service: Aéronautique Militaire Victories: 3 ? Born: May 4th, 1894 Died: November, 1971 Grandmaison flew with Henri de Guibert in Escadrille Pilot: Henry Lecour Grandmaison Nieuport 16 62. Country: France Rank: Lieutenant Service: Aéronautique Militaire

The Germans made excellent use of observation balloons in several Country: Used by most the countries and Caqout M configurations. An early variety made by Parseval-Sigsfeldand called services on the Western Front. Service: “Drachen”, had a single fin, low center, and was totally cylindrical, with rounded ends. The British called them sausages, for obvious reasons. The balloon's shape gave it another nickname, “Nulle” or “Testicle”.

German Drachen The Caquot, designed by Albert Caquot was tear-drop shaped, with Country: Used by most the countries and Caqout M three stabilizing fins. The improved Caquot could ride higher, and fly services on the Western Front. Service: in higher winds than the Parseval-Sigsfeld, so it quickly replaced the Drachen, even among the Luftschiffertruppen. The observer suspended in the wicker basket typically had a wireless set, binoculars and one or two long-range, cameras with him. Their job was to observe actions on the front and behind it, to spot troop movements, unusual activity of any sort, and to call down artillery fire onto worthy targets. Attacking balloons was especially risky as they were well guarded with AA guns, long-range machine guns and a fighter Screen. The first balloon-busters fired Le Prieur rockets. The French introduced these during the Verdun fighting of 1916. Incendiary bullets replaced rockets beginning in 1917. Flying the Nieuport 17 and S.E.5a, Bishop was known as "The Lone Pilot: William Avery Bishop RAF S.E. 5a Hawk" and was considered by some to be a mediocre pilot, but his Country: Canada extraordinary eyesight and consistent practice earned him a reputation as a crack shot. As the commanding officer of the "Flying Foxes," he Rank: Lieutenant Colonel was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross after scoring 25 victories Service: Royal Flying Corps in just twelve days. On the morning of June 2nd, 1917, his single- handed attack against a German aerodrome on the Arras front earned Victories: 72 him the Victoria Cross, making Bishop the first Canadian flyer to Born: February 8th, 1894 receive this honor. Before the war ended, he found time to write "Winged Warfare," an autobiographical account of his exploits in the Died: September 11th, 1956 air over France. Bishop was the brother-in-law of Canadian ace Henry Burden. William Avery Bishop died, age 62, at his winter home in Palm Beach, Florida.

Dallas joined the Australian army in 1913. When war broke out, he Pilot: Roderic Stanley Dallas RAF S.E. 5a applied for a transfer to the Royal Flying Corps but was rejected. Country: Australia Instead, he joined the Royal Naval Air Service in 1915. Flying Nieuport Scouts, Sopwith Triplanes and Sopwith Camels, Dallas scored Rank: Major 23 victories before he assumed command of 40 Squadron on 1 April Service: Royal Naval Air Service 1918. Two weeks later, he was wounded while strafing enemy troop positions but continued flying combat missions. With the S.E.5a, he Victories: 32 scored 9 more victories before he encountered three members of Jasta Born: July 30th, 1891 14 and was killed in action, shot down by Johannes Werner in a Fokker DR.I. Died: June 1st, 1918 Killed in Action

Boudwin an American born in Philadelphia volunteered and joined Pilot: Joseph "Child Yank" Boudwin RAF S.E. 5a the Royal Air Service, later transferring to The United States Air Country: United States of American Service when the US joined the war. Standing just 5’ 4” Boudwin was nicknamed “Child Yank” by his British squad mates, due to his small Rank: Lieutenant stature. He was known to have tangled with Hermann Göring. Child Service: RAS & USAS Yank Over the Rainbow. The Military Exploits of Lt. Joseph E. Boudwin, is his published daily diary during the war. Victories: 2 Born: ? Died: ? Badly wounded on 20 April 1918, Höhn recovered and knocked down Pilot: Fritz Höhn Pfalz D.IIIa ten Allied balloons before he was killed in combat. His Fokker D.VII Country: Germany was shot down by a member of Escadrille Spa 67. Rank: Leutnant Service: Luftstreitskräfte Victories: 21 Born: May 31st, 1896 Died: October 3rd, 1918 Killed in Action

Klein joined the army and served with the infantry on the Western Pilot: Hans Klein Pfalz D.IIIa Front. Commissioned in March 1915, he transferred to the German Country: Germany Air Force and was assigned to Jasta 4 in November 1916. Credited with his first victory in the spring of 1917, he was wounded in action Rank: Oberleutnant on May 9th, 1917. He was wounded again at Gistel on the morning of Service: Luftstreitskräfte July 13th, 1917. On September 27th, 1917, Klein assumed command of Jasta 10. After scoring 6 more victories, he was wounded again, Victories: 22 losing his right thumb on February 19th, 1918. Upon recovering, he Born: January 17th, 1891 served the remainder of the war as a ground officer. In 1935, Klein joined the Luftwaffe, later served as Deputy Commander of all fighters Died: November 18th, 1944 and attained the rank of Major General before his death in 1944. The official cause of death was a car accident, however his family suspected he was murdered, his body allegedly showed evidence of a gunshot wound to the head.

Holtzem had been assigned to his unit on Sept 22nd. 1917 and stayed Pilot: Max Holtzem Pfalz D.IIIa there until the end of the war. A modest man he refused to take credit Country: Germany for any of the combat victories that he took part in. Around the turn of the century the comet was seen as a departed soul en route to heaven. Rank: Vizefeldwebel Holtzem’s mother had died when he was nine years old and he had Service: Luftstreitskräfte the comet painted on all his aircraft to denote her spirit as his ‘Guardian Angel.’ Holtzem’s own description says that this machine Victories: ? was his at the war’s end. He says that he ‘acquired’ some benzine and Born: December 1st, 1892 flew the machine home where he hid it. His narrative goes on to say that he removed the guns and later added a second seat behind the Died: January 5th, 1980 cockpit. Max Holtzem later befriended Dr. J. J. Parks President of the Lafayette Foundation and shared his wartime experiences. Capitaine Hubert De Greffier and Sergeant Auguste Marseille served Pilot: Capitaine Hubert De Greffier Breguet BR.14 B2 together in Escadrilles Br 107. Observer: Sergeant Auguste Marseille Country: France Service: Aéronautique Militaire Victories: ? Born: ? Died; ?

Caporal Georges Théophile Grebil and Aspirant Edmond Charles Pilot: Caporal Georges Théophile Grebil Breguet BR.14 B2 Carron served together in Escadrilles BR 129. Observer: Aspirant Edmond Charles Carron Country: France Service: Aéronautique Militaire Victories: ? Born: ? Died; ?

Browning and Duke served together in the 96th Squadron of the Pilot: Browning Breguet BR.14 B2 American Expeditionary Force. Observer: Duke Country: United States of American Service: United States Air Service Victories: ? Born: ? Died; ? Country: Germany Rumpler C.IV C. Service German Naval Air Service

The Rumpler C.IV was a German single-engine, two-seat reconnaissance biplane. The C.IV was a development of C.III with different tail surfaces and using a Mercedes D.IVa engine in place of C.III's Benz Bz.IV.

Country: Germany Rumpler C.IV C. Service German Naval Air Service

For a two-seater reconnaissance aircraft, Rumpler C.IV had an excellent performance, which enabled it to remain in front-line service until the end of World War I on the Western Front, as well as in Italy and Palestine.

Country: Germany Rumpler C.IV C. Service German Naval Air Service

Its exceptional ceiling allowed pilots to undertake reconnaissance secure in the knowledge that few allied aircraft could reach them. Posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor, the "Arizona Balloon-Buster" Pilot: Frank Luke SPAD XIII was the leading ace in the United States Air Service at the time of his death. Country: United States After aerial combat training at Issoudun, France, Frank Luke, Jr. was assigned to the 27th Aero Squadron under Harold Hartney on July 25th, Rank: 2nd Lieutenant 1918. Often flying alone or with his sidekick Joseph Wehner, he shot down Service: United States Air Service 18 enemy balloons and planes in just 18 days. After flaming three German balloons on September 29th, 1918, Luke's SPAD XIII was shot down by Victories: 18 ground fire. Resisting capture, he shot it out with approaching German Born: May 19th, 1897 soldiers and was killed near the crash site. After the war, Luke's remains were reburied at the Romagne Military Cemetery. Luke Field in Hawaii and Died: September 29th, 1918 - Age 21 Luke Air Force Base near Glendale, Arizona were named in his honor. Killed in Action Pilot: Roy Brown Arthur Roy Brown scored his first victory on July 17th, 1917, shooting Sopwith Camel down an Albatross D.III while flying a . In the fall, he rejoined Country: Canada 9 Naval Squadron to fly Sopwith Camels, eventually becoming a flight Rank: Captain commander. In what would become the most famous aerial combat of the Service: Royal Naval Air Service war, Brown's flight encountered Jasta 11 on the morning of April 21st, 1918. In the battle that followed, Brown scored his final victory of the war. Engaging a red Fokker DR.I he was officially credited with shooting down Victories: 10 Manfred von Richthofen. For this action, Brown received a bar to his Born: December 23rd, 1893 Distinguished Service Cross. On 1 August 1919, Today It is widely believed that The Red Baron was actually downed by Australian ground fire. Died: March 9th, 1944 - Age 50

Pilot: Paul Bäumer A dental assistant before the war, "The Iron Eagle" had his pilot's license Albatross D.Va when he entered the army. Bäumer served in an infantry regiment before Country: Germany his transfer to the German Air Service. In 1917, as a noncommissioned Rank: Leutnant fighter pilot, he would reach 18 victories by the year’s end. He was injured Service: Luftstreitskräfte in a crash at Vivaise airfield on May 29th, 1918. He was commissioned in April of 1918. With the arrival of the Fokker D.VII he claimed even more Born: May 11th, 1896 success, including 16 in September. Bäumer was one of only five recipients Died: July 15th, 1927 - Age 31 to be awarded both the Blue Max and the Golden Military Merit Cross. After Killed in Flight Accident the war, he resumed his career as a dentist and continued flying. He was killed while performing an aerobatic display.

Pilot: Manfred von Richthofen Instead of using risky, aggressive tactics like those of his brother, Lothar Fokker DR.1 (40 victories), Manfred observed a set of maxims (known as the "Dicta Country: Germany Boelcke") to assure the success for both the squadron and its pilots.] He was Rank: Rittmeister not a spectacular or acrobatic pilot, like his brother or the renowned Werner Service: Luftstreitskräfte Voss. However, he was a notable tactician and squadron leader and a fine marksman. Typically, he would dive from above to attack with the advantage Victories: 80 of the sun behind him, and with other Jasta pilots covering his rear and Born: May 2nd, 1892 flanks. Died: April 21st, 1918 - Age 25 Killed in Action Country: Germany The Gotha G.V was a long-range heavy bomber used by the Gotha G.V Service: Luftstreitskräfte Luftstreitkräfte (Imperial German Air Service). This bomber was agile for its size and difficult to shoot down, but because of its large size, and its unexceptional engine power, it demanded high skill from pilots during takeoffs and landings. The Gotha G. Vs were principally used as night bombers, and dropped 83 tons of bombs over England. The bomber was made of wood and steel, had two Mercedes engines and a wingspan of over 77 feet (23 meters). It could carry more than 1,000 pounds (454 kilograms) of bombs and was armed with 2 or 3 Parabellum MG14 machine guns. All bombs were carried externally. The crew of a Gotha G.V included the pilot and two gunners. The pilot seat was offset to starboard with the bomb bay immediately behind. This position allowed for a connecting walkway on the port side, allowing crew members to move between the three gun stations. An important innovation in the form of a "gun tunnel" whereby the underside of the rear fuselage was arched, allowing placement of a rearward facing machine gun protecting from attacks from below, removing the blind spot.

Countries: Italy, France & Britain The Caproni Ca.3 was an Italian heavy bomber that saw Caproni Ca. 3 Services: Multible extensive use against the Axis forces. It was used from 1916 until the end of war by Italy, , France and USA. One of the most effective bombers of any air force during WWI, the Ca.3 was a wooden three-engine biplane, armed with twin 6.5 mm or 7.7 mm machine guns and 1,760 lb of bombs. InWW I Italy was one of the leaders in heavy bomber design, and the Caproni Ca.3 was also used by British, French and American squadrons. The white Caproni piloted by Lieutenant Casimiro Buttini with the insignia “Falco!...” is one of the survivors of the war and can be seen today, restored, at the Military Aeronautic Historical Museum, near Rome. Buttini, from the 3rd Bomber Squadron, earned a Gold Medal “al Valor Militare” for an action performed using a Ca.3 like this. On September 9th, 1917, he took part in a bombing assault over Ternova. Immelmann was the first German WW I . He was a great Pilot: Fokker Eindecker III pioneer in fighter aviation. His name has become attached to common Country: Germany flying tactics, and remains a byword in aviation. After leaving school, he joined the military in 1911, in pursuit of a commission. He left the Rank: Oberleutnant army in 1912 to study mechanical engineering in Dresden.[When the Service: Luftstreitskräfte war started, he was recalled to active service, transferred to the Luftstreitkräfte and was sent for pilot training in 1914. Immelmann Victories: 17 became one of the first German fighter pilots, quickly building an Born: September 21st, 1890 impressive score of air victories. He flirted with the position of occasionally being Germany's leading ace, trading that spot off with Died: June 18th, 1916 - aged 25 the other pioneer ace, Oswald Boelcke. Immelmann was the first pilot to be awarded the Pour le Mérite, Germany's highest military honour, receiving it on the day of his eighth win. The medal unofficially became known as the "Blue Max" in the German Air Service in his Max and his pet dog, Tyras. honor. Hautzmayer served at the units Fliegerkompagnie (Flik) 19, He flew a Pilot: Ludwig Hautzmayer Fokker Eindecker III Fokker E.III in the Austro-hungarian denomination called Snow Bird Country: Austro-Hungarian Empire in 1916, when he served at Flik 19, and scored two of his seven victories with this aircraft. Snow Bird was mostly employed in Rank: Oberleutnant strafing maneuvers in support of the Austro-Hungarian troops along Service: Luftfahrtruppen the Italian Front. Victories: 7 Born: April 25th, 1893 Died: December 6th, 1936 - Age 43 Killed in Flight Accident

Crash on December 6th, 1936

Buddecke was the third, after Immelmann and Boelcke, to earn the Pilot: Hans-Joachim Buddecke Fokker Eindecker III Blue Max. He saw combat in three theaters: Bulgaria, Turkey, and the Country: Germany Western Front.[Buddecke was born in and followed his father's footsteps into the Army. He received his commission as a Leutnant] in Rank: Hauptmann the 115th Life Guards Infantry Regiment. He left the army in 1913 Service: Luftstreitskräfte due to having little time for a social life and his new enthusiasm for flying. In the same year, he moved to the USA to start a new life. Victories: 13 There, he worked as a mechanic at a car factory in Indianapolis. He Born: August 22nd, 1890 soon was able to buy his own Nieuport monoplane and he immediately taught himself how to fly.[On the day he started his own aircraft Died: March 10th, 1918 - age 27 production company, war was declared and he abandoned his business Killed in Action plans and returned to Germany.]He was killed in action on March, 10th 1918, during aerial combat over Lens, France. At the outbreak of WW1, Saundby inlisted as a private soldier. After Pilot: Robert Saundby Airco DH.2 completed officer training in 1915, he spent some time at the front, He Country: Great Britain then joined the Royal Flying Corps and was assigned to 24 Squadron serving under famous Major . His first victory was Rank: Flight Commander achieved on July 31st, 1916, when he forced an Eindecker to lose Service: Royal Flying Corps control, and was lightly wounded in the process. He was present during the air battle when Lanoe Hawker was shot down and killed Victories: 5 by Baron Richthofen. In June 1917 he was flying one of three Born: April 26th, 1896 aircraft that intercepted the Zeppelin L.48. As a result of their attacks the Zepplin crashed. The victory was shared among the three air Died: September 25th, 1971 - age 75 crews. With this win, Saundby became an ace and was awarded the . He contiued his military career after the war and later became the Senior Air Staff Officer, HQ Bomber Command. In his retirement he wrote several books about his years in the RAF.

Lanoe George Hawker was the first ace of the British Commonwealth. Pilot: Lanoe George Hawker Airco DH.2 An aggressive combat pilot, his motto was "Attack Everything!" Flying Country: Great Britain a B.E.2c armed with a few bombs and hand grenades, he successfully attacked the Zeppelin shed at Gontrode in April 1915 and was awarded Rank: Major the Distinguished Service Order. Hawker, with assistance from Air Service: Royal Flying Corps Mechanic Ernest Elton, devised a mount for attaching a to the in June 1915. While testing his invention, he chased Victories: 7 off one German aircraft and drove down two others. For this action, Born: December 30th, 1890 he was the first pilot to receive the Victoria Cross for aerial combat. Hawker was killed in one of the longest dogfights of the war. Flying Died: November 26th, 1916 - age 25 the Airco D.H.2, he engaged an Albatros D.II behind German lines and Killed in Action was shot down by Manfred von Richthofen. Hawker was the Red Baron's eleventh victim.

On April 27th, 1916, flying a DH.2, Andrews drove off German ace Pilot: John Oliver Andrews Airco DH.2 Max Immelmann, holing his Fokker Eindekker in the process. He Country: Great Britain went on to score his initial victory on July 21st, 1916, destroying a Fokker Eindekker over Allaines. On that day, he led a patrol attacking Rank: Captain a German formation of five Roland C.IIs and their five escorting Service: Royal Flying Corp Fokkers. His victim may have been ace Otto Parschau. Andrews scored sporadically until he tallied his seventh win when he shot down Victories: 12 German ace Stefan Kirmaier, Staffelführer of Jasta 2. The following Born: July 20th, 1896 day he was one of the combatants in the dogfight in which Manfred von Richthofen downed Major Lanoe Hawker. By the end of the war Died: May 29th, 1989 - aged 92 he was commanding the 221th Squadron, operatIng Airco DH.9s in southern Russia. He continued his military career through World War II, commanding two fighter groups during the war. He retired on 17 April 1945 as Air Vice Marshal. The D.II entered in service in June 1916 and was soon followed by Country: Germany Halberstadt D,III the D.III and D.IV models. Initially employed in escort duties, being Service: Luftstreitskräfte assigned to the ordinary reconnaissance units of German air force, following these aircrafts were operated by small specialized fighter units - – the Kampfeinsitzerkommandos. They were the best aircraft available in mid-1916, when the first true fighter Jagdstaffeln were formed.

The D.III was equipped with an Argus As.II 90 kW (120 hp) straight- Country: Germany Halberstadt D.III six engine, which differed from the usual Mercedes D.II power plant Service: Luftstreitskräfte in having its camshaft in the engine block, and using pushrods to operate the overhead valves, rather than having a camshaft running atop all of the cylinders as in a single overhead cam engine.

Hans von Keudell started his military career in 1904, as a cadet and Pilot: Hans von Keudell Airco DH.2 served in combat in Poland and France, until he transferred to the Country: Germany German Air Force, in 1915. After a period of training as a two-seater pilot, he was assigned to fly bombing missions. He took part in the Rank: Leutnant Verdun offensive and missions over Toul and Dunkirk. In 1916 he Service: Luftstreitskräfte trained as a fighter pilot and joined the single-seat fighter command KEK B, but was reassigned to Jasta 1, His first victory on August 31st, Victories: 11 was a Martinsyde G.100 Elephant over northern France. Flying the Born: April 5th, 1892 fighters Fokker D.I, Halberstadt D.III and Albatros D.III, he achieved 10 victories from September 1916 to January 1917- his final victory Died: February 15th, 1917 - age 24 on January 24th, 1917 was a Sopwith Pup. In February 1917, he left Killed in Action Jasta 1 to command the Jasta 27, but was killed in action 10 days later. There is evidence that he shot down a Nieuport 17 before he went down, scoring the first win of Jasta 27 and his 12th and last victory. Jean Marie Dominique Navarre was the first French pilot to be Pilot: Jean Navarre Morane-Saulnier N officially declared an ace. He began the war by shooting at enemy Country: France aircraft with a rifle from his Morane-Saulnier L. On 1 April 1915, he scored his first victory bringing down an Aviatik with three well Rank: Sous Lieutenant placed shots. Navarre began flying the Nieuport 11 and on 25 February Service: Aéronautique Militaire 1916, he became the first French pilot to shoot down two enemy aircraft in a single day. A solitary hunter, he would attack from Victories: 12 behind and below his opponent's aircraft, standing in the cockpit to Born: August 8th, 1895 fire his wing mounted machine gun. Shot down over the Argonne on 17 June 1916, Navarre suffered a head wound from which he never Died: July 10th, 1919 - age 23 fully recovered. After two years recovering in Paris, he returned to Killed in Flight Accident the front but flew no more combat missions. In 1919, having been selected to fly a Morane-Saulnier through the Arc de Triomphe during a post-war celebration, Navarre was killed in a crash while training for the event. Before the war Gilbert was a racing pilot, flying to many countries Pilot: Eugène Gilbert Morane-Saulnier N throughout Europe. Interested in flight since he was a teenager, he Country: France built his own version of a flying machine around 1909, which was not very successful. In 1910 he got his civilian and military brevets Rank: Sous Lieutenant and one year later he was flying the famous Bleriot XI, a single wing Service: Aéronautique Militaire aircraft. He debuted as a combat pilot in 1914, serving the Escadrille MS-23 and was one of the first pilots to become an ace. In June of Victories: 5 1915 he was Forced to land in Switzerland, he was captured by the Born: July 19th, 1889 Germans. In May 1916, he escaped but was forced by French authorities to return to captivity as he had given his word as a French Died: May 17th, 1918 - age 28 soldier that he would not attempt escape. Finally, in June 1916, he Killed in Flight Accident made his second and last escape. After that, he became a test pilot and in this role he died in a flying accident, while testing the Morane- Saulnier Type AI, on May 17th, 1918.

Chaput joined the army in 1913 and served in the infantry before Pilot: Jean Chaput Morane-Saulnier N transferring to the French Air Service in 1914. After receiving a Country: France Pilot's Brevet in February 1915, he was assigned to MF28 where he quickly rose in rank, was wounded in combat on 15 June and received Rank: Lieutenant the Médaille Militaire a few days later. Wounded again on July 10th, Service: Aéronautique Militaire Chaput did not return to duty until January 1916. Assigned to N57 in May 1916, he was wounded for the third time on August 24th and Victories: 16 was unable to return to duty until May 1917. In April 1918, Chaput Born: September 17th, 1893 assumed command of Spa57 but was killed in action the following month when his SPAD XIII was shot down by Hermann Becker of Died: May 6th, 1918 - age 24 Jasta 12. Killed in Action