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Cihannüma TARİH VE COĞRAFYA ARAŞTIRMALARI DERGİSİ JOURNAL of HISTORY and GEOGRAPHY STUDIES Cihannüma TARİH VE COĞRAFYA ARAŞTIRMALARI DERGİSİ JOURNAL OF HISTORY AND GEOGRAPHY STUDIES CİLT / VOLUME VII SAYI / ISSUE 1 Temmuz / July 2021 İZMİR KÂTİP ÇELEBİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL VE BEŞERİ BİLİMLER FAKÜLTESİ Cihannüma TARİH VE COĞRAFYA ARAŞTIRMALARI DERGİSİ JOURNAL OF HISTORY AND GEOGRAPHY STUDIES P-ISSN: 2149-0678 / E-ISSN: 2148-8843 Sahibi/Owner İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Fakültesi adına Prof.Dr. Turan GÖKÇE Editör / Editor Prof.Dr. Cahit TELCİ, İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sorumlu Yazı İşleri Müdürü / Responsible Editor Dr. Beycan HOCAOĞLU, İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Yayın Kurulu / Editorial Board Doç.Dr. Yahya ARAZ, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Dr. Elisabetta BENIGNI, Universitá degli Studi di Torino Dr. Zaur GASIMOV, Orient Institut Istanbul Prof.Dr. Vehbi GÜNAY, Ege Üniversitesi Assoc.Prof. Barbara S. KINSEY, Universty of Central Florida Dr. İrfan KOKDAŞ, İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Prof.Dr. Özer KÜPELİ, İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Assoc.Prof. Kent F. SCHULL, Binghamton University Assoc.Prof. Nabil Al-TIKRITI, University of Mary Washington Doç.Dr. Haydar YALÇIN, Ege Üniversitesi Yayın Türü / Publication Type Hakemli Süreli Yayın / Peer-reviewed Periodicals Yazışma Adresi / CorrespondingAddress İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Fakültesi, Balatçık-Çiğli/İzmir Tel: +90(232) 329 35 35-8508 Faks: +90(232) 329 35 19 e-posta: [email protected] Web: http://dergipark.gov.tr/cihannuma Basımevi / Publishing House Meta Basım Matbaacılık Hizmetleri 87 sk. No:4/A Bornova/İzmir Basım Tarihi / Publication Date Temmuz / July 2021 Cihannüma yılda iki sayı yayımlanan hakemli bir dergidir / Cihannüma is a peer-reviewed journal published twice a year Yazıların yayın hakkı İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi’ne aittir / © Izmir Katip Celebi University Yazıların bilimsel ve etik sorumlulukları yazarlara aittir / Scientific and ethical responsibilities of the articles belong to authors Tarandığımız ve Dizinlendiğimiz İndeksler / Abstracted and Indexed in: Ulakbim TR Dizin, European Reference Index for the Humanities (ErihPlus), Central and Eastern European Online Library (CEEOL), Directory of Open Access Journal (DOAJ), Biefeld Academic Searh Engine (BASE), Open Academic Journal Index (OAJI) Cihannüma TARİH VE COĞRAFYA ARAŞTIRMALARI DERGİSİ JOURNAL OF HISTORY AND GEOGRAPHY STUDIES Danışma Kurulu / Advisory Board Prof.Dr. Muhsin AKBAŞ İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi, Türkiye Prof.Dr. Kemal BEYDİLLİ 29 Mayıs Üniversitesi, Türkiye Prof.Dr. Ömür CEYLAN İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi, Türkiye Prof.Dr. Mevlüt ÇELEBİ Ege Üniversitesi, Türkiye Prof.Dr. Şenol ÇELİK Balıkesir Üniversitesi, Türkiye Prof.Dr. Şaban DOĞAN İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi, Türkiye Prof.Dr. Mehmet ERSAN Ege Üniversitesi, Türkiye Prof.Dr. Ersin GÜLSOY Uludağ Üniversitesi, Türkiye Prof.Dr. İlhan KAYAN Ege Üniversitesi (Emekli), Türkiye Prof.Dr. Leandro Rodriguez MEDINA Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Meksika Prof.Dr. Ertuğ ÖNER Ege Üniversitesi, Türkiye Prof.Dr. Yahya Kemal TAŞTAN İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi, Türkiye Prof.Dr. Abdullah TEMİZKAN Ege Üniversitesi, Türkiye Prof.Dr. Anıl YILMAZ İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi, Türkiye Doç.Dr. Mikail ACIPINAR İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi, Türkiye Doç.Dr. Fatma AKKUŞ YİĞİT İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi, Türkiye Assoc.Prof. Maria BARAMOVA Sofia University, Bulgaristan Doç.Dr. Nejdet BİLGİ Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi, Türkiye Doç.Dr. Ersel ÇAĞLITÜTÜNCÜGİL İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi, Türkiye Doç.Dr. Cengiz ÇAKALOĞLU Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi, Türkiye Doç.Dr. Muhammet ERTOY İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi, Türkiye Doç.Dr. Can NACAR Koç Üniversitesi, Türkiye Assoc.Prof. Shelley Elizabeth ROSE Cleveland State University, ABD Assist.Prof. David GUTMAN Manhattanville College, ABD ELIAMEP, Hellenic Foundation for European & Dr. Kalliopi AMYGDALOU Foreign Policy, Yunanistan Dr. İlker KÜLBİLGE Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi, Türkiye FORTH, Institute for Mediterranean Studies, Dr. Marinos SARIYANNIS Yunanistan Cihannüma TARİH VE COĞRAFYA ARAŞTIRMALARI DERGİSİ JOURNAL OF HISTORY AND GEOGRAPHY STUDIES Cilt / Volume: VII Sayı / Issue: 1 Temmuz / July 2021 İÇİNDEKİLER / CONTENTS MAKALELER / ARTICLES Zeynep İnan Aliyazıcıoğlu Orta çağ Avrupa’sında Çizilen Dünya Haritalarında Ye’cûc ve Me’cûc (Gog ve Magog) Halkının/Ülkesinin Tasviri / The Description of the Folk/Territory of Gog and Magog (Ye’cûc and Me’cûc) in the World Maps Drawned in the Medieaval Europe 1 Alaattin Dolu Bilâd-ı Şam’da Deprem: Kudüs 30 Ekim 1759, Saat 03.45 / Earthquake in Syria: Jerusalem, October 30, 1759, 03:45 AM 45 Mehmet Korkmaz Geç Dönem Osmanlı Bahriyesinde İstihdam Edilen Gayrimüslimler Hakkında Bazı Tespitler (1850-1918) / Some Findings about Non-Muslims Employed in the Late Ottoman Navy (1850-1918) 67 Mustafa Malhut Odyan Efendi ve Gizli Görevi: Midhat Paşa’nın Talimatıyla Kanun-i Esasi ve İstanbul Konferansı İçin Paris ve Londra’da Destek Arayışı / Odian Efendi and his Secret Mission: Seeking Support in Paris and London for Kanun-i Esasi and Istanbul Conference by the Directive of Mithat Pasha 99 Güllü Yıldız II. Abdülhamid Dönemi İstanbul’unda Şii Kimliği ve Hüseyniye İnşa Girişimi / The Shi‘ī Identity and an Attempt to Construct Ḥosayniya in Istanbul during Abdulhamid II Era 131 Murat Alanoğlu Zaza Tarihi Nasıl Yazılabilir? Tarihyazım ve Kaynaklar Üzerine Bir Yöntem Denemesi / How to Write History of Zaza? An Attempt on Historiography and Sources 149 Gürol Pehlivan Besim Atalay’ın Türk Büyükleri veya Türk Adları İsimli Eserinin Soyadı Kanunu Uygulamasındaki Rolü / The Role of Besim Atalay’s Work Turkish Elders or Turkish Surnames in the Surname Law Practices 183 YAYIN TANITIMI / BOOK REVIEWS Gökhan Kağnıcı Marc Van De Mieroop, Philosophy Before the Greeks: The Pursuit of Truth in Ancient Babylonia, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2016, 297 sayfa, ISBN: 978-0-691-17635-2 203 İsmail Aka Hedi Seyyid Hüseyinzâde, Tarih-i Ferâmûşşode-İran der Devre-i Sultan Yakub-i Akkoyunlu (Unutulan Tarih-i Akkoyunlu Sultan Yakub Devrinde İran), Tahran 1394 h.ş., İntişârât-ı Neşr-i Tarih-i İran, 406 s., ISBN 987-964-6082-42-7 214 Özgür Polat Veliki osječki most: povijesni dossier i suvremena interpretacja = The great Osijek bridge: historical dossier and contemporary interpretation, Ed. Andrija Mutnjaković, Zagreb - Osijek: Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Institute for Scientific and Artistic Work in Osijek, 2014, 165 shf., ISBN: 978-953-154-272-2 221 Cihannüma Tarih ve Coğrafya Araştırmaları Dergisi Sayı VII/1 – Temmuz 2021, 1-44 Doi: 10.30517/cihannuma.970781 ORTA ÇAĞ AVRUPA’SINDA ÇİZİLEN DÜNYA HARİTALARINDA YE’CÛC VE ME’CÛC (GOG VE MAGOG) HALKININ/ÜLKESİNİN TASVİRİ Zeynep İnan Aliyazıcıoğlu Öz Orta Çağ Avrupa’sında çizilen dünya haritalarının genel ismi mappamundi’dir. Mappamundi haritalarının en yaygın türü, kökeni antik Yunan’a dayanan T-O haritalarıdır. Mappamundiler, Orta Çağ dünyasının hem coğrafi hem de dini bilgilerinin tasvir edildikleri bir sahnedir. Dünya haritalarındaki dini betimlemeler arasında zaman zaman Ye’cûc ve Me’cûc ve Büyük İskender’in seddi göze çarpar. Apokaliptik bir halk olarak tahayyül edilen Ye’cûc ve Me’cûc, haritalarda meskûn dünyanın uzak köşelerinde genellikle bir ada ya da yarımada şeklinde kapalı bir alanda tasvir edilmiştir. Orta Çağ Avrupa’sında çizilen dünya haritalarında Ye’cûc ve Me’cûc, bir bölge ya da halk olarak geçse de genellikle herhangi bir milletle ya da dini grupla özdeşleştirilmemiştir. Ancak 13. yüzyılla birlikte Moğolların Avrupa’yı tehdit etmesi Ye’cûc ve Me’cûc ile Moğolların arasında bir bağ kurulmasına sebep olmuştur. Böylece 1200’lü yıllardan itibaren haritalarda Ye’cûc ve Me’cûc bir kimlik bulmuştur. İngiliz tarihçi ve kartograf Matthew Paris’in eserinde ve haritasında, Vesconte Haritası’nda, Katalan Atlası’nda ve Waldseemüller Haritası’nda Ye’cûc ve Me’cûc Moğollarla özdeşleştirilmiştir. Ebstorf ve Hereford dünya haritalarında Ye’cûc ve Me’cûc ile Türkler arasında bir bağ kurulmuştur. 15. yüzyılda çizilen dünya haritalarında Ye’cûc ve Me’cûc çoğunlukla Yahudiler olarak tanımlanmıştır. Borgia, Bianco, Andreas Walsperger, Ceneviz, Batlamyus/Zeit ve Rüst/Sporer haritalarında Ye’cûc ve Me’cûc Kayıp On Kabile ya da Yahudi olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada mezkûr haritalardaki Ye’cûc ve Me’cûc tasvirleri incelenmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Ye’cûc ve Me’cûc, Mappamundi, Moğollar, Yahudiler, Türkler The Description of the Folk/Territory of Gog and Magog (Ye’cûc and Me’cûc) in the World Maps Drawned in the Medieaval Europe Dr., Serbest Araştırmacı, Trabzon/Türkiye, [email protected] , Orcid ID: 0000- 0002-6993-5512 Makale Geliş Tarihi / Received Date: 21.09.2020 Makale Kabul Tarihi / Acceptance Date: 14.03.2021 Zeynep İnan Aliyazıcıoğlu Abstract The general name of the world maps drawn in Medieval Europe is mappamundi. The most common type of mappamundi maps are T-O maps that date back to ancient Greece. The Mappamundi is a scene where both geographical and religious knowledge of the medieval world are depicted. From time to time, among the divine depictions on world maps, Gog Magog and the wall of Alexander the Great stand out. Envisioned as an apocalyptic people, the Gog-and-Magog is depicted on maps in a closed area in the distant corners of the inhabited world, usually in the form of an island or a peninsula. Although the Gog-and-Magog is mentioned as a region or a people in the world maps drawn in the Middle Ages Europe, it is generally not identified with any nation or religious group. However,
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