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Thumb Culture Thumb Culture 2005-09-01 17-00-49 --- Projekt: T403.kumedi.bertschi-glotz.thumb / Dokument: FAX ID 007693582254918|(S. 1 ) T00_01 schmutztitel.p 93582255014 In Memory of Professor Peter Glotz (1939-2005) 2005-09-01 17-00-49 --- Projekt: T403.kumedi.bertschi-glotz.thumb / Dokument: FAX ID 007693582254918|(S. 2 ) T00_02 vak.p 93582255062 Peter Glotz, Stefan Bertschi, Chris Locke (Eds.) Thumb Culture. The Meaning of Mobile Phones for Society 2005-09-01 17-00-51 --- Projekt: T403.kumedi.bertschi-glotz.thumb / Dokument: FAX ID 007693582254918|(S. 3 ) T00_03 innentitel.p 93582255134 Bibliographic information published by Die Deutsche Bibliothek Die Deutsche Bibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.ddb.de © 2005 transcript Verlag, Bielefeld This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License. Layout by: Kordula Röckenhaus, Bielefeld Typeset by: Justine Haida, Bielefeld Printed by: Majuskel Medienproduktion GmbH, Wetzlar ISBN 3-89942-403-4 2008-12-15 14-52-34 --- Projekt: T403.kumedi.bertschi-glotz.thumb / Dokument: FAX ID 02bf197251171024|(S. 4 ) T00_04 impressum.p 197251171032 Contents René Obermann and Peter Glotz Foreword 9 Peter Glotz, Stefan Bertschi and Chris Locke Introduction 11 Section One—Cultural Identities Hans Geser Is the cell phone undermining the social order? Understanding mobile technology from a sociological perspective 23 Jonathan Donner The social and economic implications of mobile telephony in Rwanda: An ownership/access typology 37 Larissa Hjorth Postal presence: A case study of mobile customisation and gender in Melbourne 53 Genevieve Bell The age of the thumb: A cultural reading of mobile technologies from Asia 67 2005-09-01 17-00-52 --- Projekt: T403.kumedi.bertschi-glotz.thumb / Dokument: FAX ID 007693582254918|(S. 5- 7) T00_05 inhalt.p 93582255254 Leslie Haddon Communication problems 89 Richard Harper From teenage life to Victorian morals and back: Technological change and teenage life 101 Section Two—Mobile Personalities Jane Vincent Emotional attachment and mobile phones 117 Joachim R. Höflich The mobile phone and the dynamic between private and public communication: Results of an international exploratory study 123 Michael Hulme and Anna Truch The role of interspace in sustaining identity 137 Leopoldina Fortunati The mobile phone as technological artefact 149 Kristóf Nyíri The mobile telephone as a return to unalienated communication 161 James E. Katz Mobile communication and the transformation of daily life: The next phase of research on mobiles 171 2005-09-01 17-00-52 --- Projekt: T403.kumedi.bertschi-glotz.thumb / Dokument: FAX ID 007693582254918|(S. 5- 7) T00_05 inhalt.p 93582255254 Section Three—Industry Perspectives Raimund Schmolze Facing the future, changing customer needs 185 Peter Gross and Stefan Bertschi Loading mobile phones in a multi-option society 189 Lara Srivastava Mobile mania, mobile manners 199 Nicola Döring and Axel Gundolf Your life in snapshots: Mobile weblogs (moblogs) 211 Laura Watts Designing the future: Fables from the mobile telecoms industry 225 Paul Golding The future of mobile in the 3G era 235 Nick Foggin Mythology and mobile data 251 Conclusion—Delphi Report Peter Glotz and Stefan Bertschi People, mobiles and society. Concluding insights from an international expert survey 261 Notes on Contributors 289 2005-09-01 17-00-52 --- Projekt: T403.kumedi.bertschi-glotz.thumb / Dokument: FAX ID 007693582254918|(S. 5- 7) T00_05 inhalt.p 93582255254 2005-09-01 17-00-52 --- Projekt: T403.kumedi.bertschi-glotz.thumb / Dokument: FAX ID 007693582254918|(S. 8 ) vakat 008.p 93582255334 FOREWORD Foreword When I approached René Obermann, the CEO of T-Mobile Interna- tional, about financing this study in my former capacity as Director of the Institute for Media and Communications Management at the Uni- versity of St. Gallen, I found him immediately receptive. Our thesis was that the mobile phone, this piece of hardware that is sometimes incon- spicuous, sometimes gaudy, sometimes used exclusively for business purposes and sometimes only for building up personal networks, and sometimes even employed cleverly in a wide variety of ways, is chang- ing the culture of communal life: The thing is an artefact, just like the Roman viaducts or the immense water tanks which the missionaries of India’s culture used to render the plains of Ceylon fertile. ‘The only thing is: The mobile phone is international,’ I said. ‘But it is used dif- ferently in different cultures,’ he answered. And then, René Obermann used the term ‘thumb culture’, a word originally coined in Japan. This term has now become the title of this volume. Our work progressed through a variety of stages: Desk research, an international expert workshop in London, a Delphi survey, and the editorial work on this book. We identified a scientific community of communications researchers, sociologists, philosophers, and psycholo- gists in the United States, Great Britain, Germany, Italy, Switzerland, Hungary, and elsewhere, all addressing the new cultural patterns created by the mobile phone. Our introduction presents the perspec- tives which changed the lives of billions of people—the acceleration mega-trend, the individualisation of communication networks, the changes that the language undergoes when short messages are sent— remember the terrorist attacks of New York, Madrid, and London?—, the customisation of the mobile phone and its transformation into a fet- ish, and the process of mobile communication in itself. No more than two decades ago, when pioneers (such as the late Axel Zerdick, a communications researcher from Berlin, or Ithiel de Sola Poole of the MIT) began to investigate the telephone as a means of communication, many believed that this instrument (exclusively served by landline networks at the time) was nothing but a utility channel for communica- tion. Communication by telephone seemed uninteresting because it appeared to have no influence on ‘the public’ or on ‘public opinion’ 9 2005-09-01 17-00-52 --- Projekt: T403.kumedi.bertschi-glotz.thumb / Dokument: FAX ID 007693582254918|(S. 9- 10) T01_01 foreword.p 93582255430 PETER GLOTZ (whatever that may be). Apart from campaigning, the telephone was not used for propaganda purposes. Today, international communica- tions research has developed a methodology to demonstrate that both the telephone and the Internet are subverting people’s communication habits on the sly. Paul Lazarsfeld’s classical term ‘personal influence’ is acquiring a new meaning. An important segment of communication is shifting to the ‘new media’, circumventing mass communication which was supposed to be the subject proper of communications studies a few decades ago. This development in the history of science is something that cannot be commented on in other but ironical terms. Falling in with our suggestion was a courageous act on the part of T-Mobile because the ground-breaking technological developments associated with the mobile phone have spawned both positive and neg- ative utopian fantasies, both euphoria about progress and cultural criti- cism, particularly in Europe. Global corporations sometimes incline to- wards a philosophy of silent enjoyment or, in other words: Sell but don’t discuss problems. This is more wrong than right. Societal discuss- ions catch up with the economy frequently enough, and large enter- prises should aim for thought leadership to secure their economic suc- cess, which of course is due to smart business models and marketing, for a long time to come. I should like to thank Stefan Bertschi, the project manager of this study, Chris Locke, who co-edited the book, and Beat Schmid, the Managing Director of the MCM Institute, who held sheltering hands over our heads whenever necessary. Needless to say, I owe a particular debt of gratitude to T-Mobile International which proved itself a wise and unobtrusive sponsor. August 2005 Peter Glotz 10 2005-10-05 16-17-13 --- Projekt: T403.kumedi.bertschi-glotz.thumb / Dokument: FAX ID 023496517244158|(S. 9- 10) T01_01 foreword.p - Seite 10 96517244166 INTRODUCTION Introduction Peter Glotz, Stefan Bertschi and Chris Locke The mobile phone is becoming an increasingly ubiquitous part of eve- ryday life—not only in developed countries where penetration levels suggest there are more handsets than people in some countries, but also around the rest of the globe. Handset manufacturers are now turn- ing their attention away from the saturated European markets to coun- tries such as China, which boasts the largest mobile subscriber base in the world, and increasingly to developing countries, where cellular technology is often leapfrogging the roll-out of stable fixed-line tele- phone networks. With this ubiquity comes a change in the role of the mobile phone as a social artefact. We already know how it enables simple social communication, but increasingly it plays a number of sophisticated roles in social inter- action and everyday life. It is an enabler of social interactions, hierar- chies and communication. It is a fetishised object that reinforces a sense of individual identity. It is a transformative technology that changes the way we do business. It isadevice that changes how we manage space and time. It is a tool for text-messaging. It is a super- computer in our palm, able to perform more computational tasks than the Apollo rockets. It is simply a voice-machine, its advanced features neglected by the vast majority of its users. It is all these things, and yet more besides. Perhaps most of all, the mobile phone is coming to be associated with presence.With fixed-line telephony we call a place; with mobile telephony we call a person. We increasingly expect the person to be on the other end of the line, and become frustrated if the call is not an- swered or if we are redirected to voicemail—a typical frustration ex- plored further in the research in this volume. Tragically, in recent times we have become most aware of how closely mobile phones are associated with presence by the shock of their sudden association with absence.
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