DOCSLIB.ORG

FASTIDIOSOS Final

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
FASTIDIOSOS Final MANUAL DE MICROBIOLOGÍA CLÍNICA DE LA ASOCIACIÓN ARGENTINA DE MICROBIOLOGÍA VOLUMEN I Bacterias de Importancia Clínica Editores HORACIO A. LOPARDO Consultor Honorario del Servicio de Microbiología del Hospital de Pediatría "Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan" Profesor Consulto de Microbiología Clínica. Facultad de Ciencias Excatas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata Miembro de la Comisión Directiva de SADEBAC, Asociación Argentina de Microbiología SILVIA C. PREDARI Jefa del Departamento de Microbiología del Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari. Universidad de Buenos Aires Directora de la Revista Argentina de Microbiología, publicación científica oficial de la Asociación Argentina de Microbiología Coordinadora del Comité de Emergencias Biológicas de la Red de Hospitales e Institutos de la Universidad de Buenos Aires Miembro de la Subcomisión de Bacterias Anaerobias, SADEBAC, Asociación Argentina de Microbiología CARLOS VAY Profesor Asociado de Microbiología Clínica. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Jefe Laboratorio de Bacteriología Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica. Hospital de Clínicas “Gral. José de San Martín” Director Carrera de Especialización en Bacteriología Clínica. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires. 1 INDICE GENERAL Parte I. Temas generales de Microbiología Cínica Parte Ia. Taxonomía bacteriana Parte Ib. Métodos generales de identificación bacteriana ParteII. Microorganismos aerobios y anaerobios facultativos Parte IIa. Cocos gram positivos Parte IIa.1. Cocos gram positivos, catalasa positivos Capítulo IIa.1.1. Staphylococcus spp. Capítulo IIa.1.2. Otros géneros Apéndice I. Pruebas bioquímicas manuales: fundamento y método. Parte IIa.2. Cocos gram positivos, catalasa negativos Capítulo IIa.2.1. Estreptococos β-hemolíticos Capítulo IIa.2.2. Streptococcus pneumoniae Capítulo IIa.2.3 Estreptococos del grupo viridans Capítulo IIa.2.4. Enterococcus, Vagococcus, Lactococcus Capítulo IIa.2.5. Abiotrophia, Granulicatella, Gemella, Aerococcus y bacterias relacionadas Apéndice II. Pruebas bioquímicas manuales: fundamento y método. Parte IIb. Bacilos gram positivos Parte IIb.1. Esporulados Parte IIb.2. No esporulados Capítulo IIb.2.1 Corynebacterium spp. y bacterias relacionadas Capítulo IIb.2.2. Listeria Capítulo IIb.2.3. Nocardia Capítulo IIb.2.4. Bacilos gram positivos, catalasa negativos Capítulo IIb.2.5. Micobacterias Apéndice III. Pruebas bioquímicas manuales: fundamento y método. Parte IIc. Bacilos gram negativos Parte IIc.1. Enterobacterias Capítulo IIc.1.1. Diagnóstico y caracterización de Escherichia coli diarreigénico Capítulo IIc.1.2. Shigella spp. Capítulo IIc.1.3. Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Pantoea, Cronobacter, Raoultella y Serratia . Capítulo IIc.1.4. Salmonella, Edwardsiella y Citrobacter Capítulo IIc.1.5. Proteus, Morganella y Providencia Capítulo IIc.1.6. Yersinia y otras entrobacterias. Apéndice IV. Pruebas bioquímicas manuales: fundamento y método. Capítulo IIc.2. Bacilos gram negativos no fermentadores Capítulo IIc.2.1. Pseudomonas Capítulo IIc.2.2. Acinetobacter Capítulo IIc.2.3. Burkholderia Capítulo IIc.2.4. Flavobacterium, Chryseobacterium y Elizabethkingia Capítulo IIc.2.5. Stenotrophomonas 2 Apéndice V. Pruebas bioquímicas manuales: fundamento y método. Capítulo IIc.3. Bacilos gram negativos oxidasa positivos y fermentadores de lactosa Capítulo IIc.3.1. Vibrio Capítulo IIc.3.2 Aeromonas, Plesiomonas y Chromobacterium Capítulo IIc.3.3 Pasteurella Apéndice VI. Pruebas bioquímicas manuales: fundamento y método. Capítulo IIc.4. Bacilos gram negativos exigentes Capítulo IIc.4.1. Haemophilus Capítulo IIc.4.2 Bacilos gram-negativos del grupo HACEK (ACEKS) Capítulo IIc.4.3 Bordetella Capítulo IIc.4.4. Brucella Capítulo IIc.4.5 Helicobacter Capítulo IIc.4.6 Campylobacter Apéndice VII. Pruebas bioquímicas manuales: fundamento y método. Parte IId. Cocos gram negativos Apéndice VIII. Pruebas bioquímicas manuales: fundamento y método. Parte IIe. Bacterias atípicas Capítulo IIe.1 Bartonella y Afipia . Capítulo IIe.2 Legionella Parte III.3. Parte IIe.4. Chlamydia Parte IIe.5 Micoplasmas Parte IIe.6 Rickettsias y otras bacterias relacionadas Apéndice IX. Métodos de identificación: fundamento y método. Parte IIf. Espiroquetas Capítulo IIf.1 Treponema Capítulo IIf.2 Borrelia Capítulo IIf.3 Leptospira Parte III Microorganismos anaerobios Parte IIIa. Métodos de cultivo e identificación de microorganismos anaerobios Parte IIIb. Cocos gram positivos anaerobios Parte IIIc. Bacilos gram positivos anaerobios esporulados Parte IIId. Bacilos gram positivos anaerobios no esporulados Parte IIId. Bacilos gram negativos anaerobios Parte IIIe. Cocos gram negativos anaerobios Apéndice X. Pruebas bioquímicas manuales: fundamento y método. 3 Parte IIc.4 BACILOS GRAM NEGATIVOS EXIGENTES Editor responsable HORACIO A. LOPARDO Consultor Honorario del Servicio de Microbiología del Hospital de Pediatría "Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan" Profesor Consulto de Microbiología Clínica. Facultad de Ciencias Excatas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata Miembro de la Comisión Directiva de SADEBAC, Asociación Argentina de Microbiología 4 Índice Capítulo Título Pág Indice general 2 II c.4 Bacilos gram negativos exigentes 4 Índice 5 IIc. 4.1 Haemophilus 9 Aspectos taxonómicos 10 Portación y transmisión 12 Epidemiol ogía y significación clínica 14 Aspectos patogénicos 18 Factores de virulencia 19 Conservació n y transporte de 21 muestras clínicas Características microbiológicas 22 Examen directo 22 Métodos rápidos de detección de 23 antígenos capsulares Técnicas moleculares 24 Cultivo 25 Identificación a nivel de género y 31 especie Serotipificación capsular 37 Identificación capsular por técnicas 39 moleculares Sensibilidad a los antibióticos 42 Bibliografía 48 IIc. 4.2 Bacilos gram negativos del grupo 60 HACEK (ACEKS) y microorganismos relacionados Introducción 61 Aspectos taxonómicos 62 Haemophilus, Actinobacillus y 62 Pasteurella Cardiobacterium 62 Eikenella y Kingella 62 Pasteurella 63 Capnocytophaga 63 Dysgonomonas 64 Streptobacillus 64 Suttonella 64 Hábitat e impacto clínico 64 Aggregatibacter 66 Actinobacillus 68 5 Cardiobacterium 69 Simonsiella 69 Suttonella 69 Eikenella 70 Kingella 71 Capnocytophaga 73 Dysgonomonas 73 Leptotrichia 74 Pasteurella 74 Mannheimia haemolytica y otras 75 bacterias relacionadas Streptobacillus moniliformis 76 Experiencia argentina global 77 Orientación diagnóstica 78 Aislamiento 79 Identificación a nivel de género y 81 especie Actinobacillus y Aggregatibacter 81 Capnocytophaga 81 Cardiobacterium 82 Suttonella 83 Simonsiella 83 Dysgonomonas 83 Eikenella 84 Kingella 84 Pasteurella 85 Streptobacillus 85 Pruebas bioquímicas y serológicas 86 Métodos automatizados 90 Identificación por el método de 90 espectrometría de masa Métodos moleculares 91 Sensibilidad a los antibióticos 92 Algoritmo de identificación 96 dicotómica de microorganismos del grupo HACEK y géneros relacionados Bibliografía 100 IIc. 4.3 Bordetella 109 Aspectos taxonómicos y descripción 110 del género Factores de virulencia 114 Coqueluche, tos convulsa o 117 pertussis: enfermedad, transmisión y epidemiología Diagnóstico 123 Recolección, transporte y conservación 126 de muestras clínicas Diagnóstico microbiológico 127 Ensayos de inmunofluorescencia directa 132 6 Diagnóstico molecular 132 Diagnóstico serológico 136 Interpretación e importancia de los 139 resultados de laboratorio Sensibilidad a los antibióticos 140 Bibliografía 142 IIc. 4.4 Brucella 154 Introducción 155 Agente causal 156 Aspectos taxonómicos 157 Hábitat y epidemiología 161 Situación en la Argentina 162 Salud Pública 163 Impacto clínico 167 Definición de casos y clasificación 169 Factores de virulencia 171 Adherencia 173 Invasión 174 Diagnóstico microbiológico 178 Identificación a nivel de género y 178 especie Características del cultivo 180 Identificación y tipificación 182 Mantenimiento de los cultivos 185 Métodos moleculares 190 Diagnóstico serológico 195 Bioseguridad 198 Bioterrorismo 199 Tratamiento 200 Tratamiento de la brucelosis en adultos 201 Tratamiento de la brucelosis en niños 202 mayores de 8 años Tratamiento de la brucelosis en niños 202 menores de 8 años Tratamiento de la brucelosis en 203 embarazadas Tratamiento posexposición 203 Medidas preventivas 203 Bibliografía 205 IIc. 4.5 Helicobacter 213 Introducción 214 Aspectos taxonómicos 215 Helicobacter pylori 218 Morfología microscópica 218 Características culturales 219 Factores de virulencia 219 Hábitat, epidemiología e impacto clínico 225 Sensibilidad a los antibióticos 227 7 Diagnóstico de laboratorio 229 Consideraciones finales 238 Bibliografía 239 IIc. 4.6 Familia Campylobacteraceae 246 Características generales y constitución de la familia 247 Género Campylobacter 247 Epidemiología y características clínicas 251 Campylobacter jejuni 254 Campylobacter coli 259 Campylobacter lari 260 Otras especies de Campylobacter aisladas del hombre 260 Diagnóstico bacteriológico. Aislamiento e identificación 263 Sensibilidad a los antibióticos 271 Género Arcobacter 274 Arcobacter nitrofrigilis 276 Arcobacter cryaerophilus 276 Arcobacter butzleri 277 Arcobacter skirrowii 278 Arcobacter thereius 278 Bibliografía 279 Apéndice VII . Medios de cultivo y 292 pruebas bioquímicas manuales Haemophilus 292 Bordetella 293 Brucella 296 8 Capítulo II.c.4.1 Haemophilus ADRIANA EFRON Servicio Bacteriología Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas ANLIS “Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán”, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires M. NANCY ORLANDO Sección Microbiología. Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Comparative Phylogeny of the Genus Bordetella Using Sequence Analysis of 16S Rrna and Ompa Genes
    J Med Bacteriol. Vol. 6, No. 3, 4 (2017): pp.1-13 jmb.tums.ac.ir Comparative Phylogeny of the Genus Bordetella Using Sequence Analysis of 16S rRNA and ompA Genes Ali Badamchi 1, Moslem Papizadeh 2* 1 Children's Medical Center Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2 Department of Microbiology, Pasteur Institute of Iran (IPI), Tehran, Iran. ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article type: Background: The genus Bordetella harbors 16 species; three of them are well-known for their high Original Article medical importance. The phylogenetic diversity of the genus is currently not very well investigated. Methods: In this study, 16S rRNA gene sequence of 16 type strains of the Bordetella species were Article history: analyzed. Also, phylogenies conducted on the same gene of 247 isolates of Bordetella species, Received: 19 Jan 2017 comprising a wide physiological as well as ecological diversity and encompassing ex-type Revised: Jun Mar 2017 representatives of the 16 Bordetella species, were analyzed. Accepted: 11 Sep 2017 Results: It was found that the phylogenetic diversity of the genus may be very different from that is Published: 15 Oct 2017 currently assumed. Interestingly, the 16S rRNA gene signals could not resolve some species with Keywords: promising bootstrap and posterior probability values as our phylogenies, using maximum likelihood Alcaligenaceae, and Bayesian inference methods, showed. Biogeography, Bordetella Conclusion: Our results indicate a probable need for additional phylogenetic signals which can be species, Ecological provided by coding genes. Therefore, sequence data of ompA gene of Bordetella species, a critically distribution, Phylogenetic significant genomic region in pathogenesis, was here analyzed, phylogenetically.
    [Show full text]
  • Rapid NH System Rapid Spot Indole Reagent (R8309002, Supplied Separately) • When Using the 1-Hour Procedure, Only Selective Notes: (15 Ml/Bottle) Agars Can Be Used
    n,n-Dimethyl-1-naphthylamine ..................................... 6.0 g Selective Media: Thayer-Martin Agar; Martin-Lewis 6. Return the panel to a level position. If necessary, gently Glacial Acetic Acid ................................................... 280.0 ml Agar; New York City Agar. tap the panel on the bench top to remove any air Demineralized Water ............................................... 720.0 ml Notes: trapped in the cavities. RapID NH System RapID Spot Indole Reagent (R8309002, supplied separately) • When using the 1-hour procedure, only selective Notes: (15 ml/Bottle) agars can be used. • Examine the test cavities which should appear R8311001 .................................................20 Tests/Kit ρ-Dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde .............................. 10.0 g • Cultures used for inoculum preparation should bubble-free and uniformly filled. Slight irregularities 1. INTENDED USE Hydrochloric Acid .................................................... 100.0 ml preferably be 18-24 hours old. Slow-growing isolates in test cavity fills are acceptable and will not affect Remel RapID™ NH System is a qualitative micromethod Demineralized Water ............................................... 900.0 ml may be tested using 48-hour cultures. test performance. If the panel is grossly misfilled, employing conventional and chromogenic substrates for the *Adjusted as required to meet performance standards. a new panel should be inoculated and the misfilled • The use of media other than those recommended panel discarded. identification of medically important species of Neisseria, 5. PRECAUTIONS may compromise test performance. Haemophilus, and other bacteria isolated from human • Complete the inoculation of each panel receiving in vitro clinical specimens. A complete listing of the organisms This product is for diagnostic use and should be used 3. Using a cotton swab or inoculating loop, suspend inoculation fluid before inoculating additional addressed by RapID NH System is provided in the RapID NH by properly trained individuals.
    [Show full text]
  • ﺑﺴﻢ اﷲ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ اﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ Molecular Characterization Of
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by KhartoumSpace ﺑﺴﻢ اﷲ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ اﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ Molecular Characterization of Pasteurella multocida Vaccine Strains By: Hajir Badawi Mohammed Ahmed B.V.M Khartoum University (2006) Supervisor: Dr. Awad A. Ibrahim A dissertation submitted to the University of Khartoum in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of M. Sc. in Microbiology Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Khartoum June, 2010 Dedication To my mother Father Brother, sister and friends With great love Acknowledgments First and foremost, I would like to thank my Merciful Allah, the most beneficent for giving me strength and health to accomplish this work. Then I would like to deeply thank my supervisor Dr. Awad A. Ibrahim for his advice, continuous encouragement and patience throughout the period of this work. My gratitude is also extended to prof. Mawia M. Mukhtar and for Dr. Manal Gamal El-dein, Institute of Endemic Disease. My thanks extend to members of Department of Microbiology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine for unlimited assistant and for staff of Central Laboratory Soba. I am grateful to my family for their continuous support and standing beside me all times. My thanks also extended to all whom I didn’t mention by name and to the forbearance of my friends, and colleagues who helped me. Finally I am indebted to all those who helped me so much to make this work a success. Abstract The present study was carried out to study the national haemorrhagic septicaemia vaccine strains at their molecular level.
    [Show full text]
  • Bordetella Petrii Clinical Isolate Isolates of This Species Have Been Previously Reported from 4
    routine laboratory protocols. Initial susceptibility testing Bordetella petrii using disk diffusion indicated apparent susceptibility of the isolate to erythromycin, gentamicin, ceftriaxone, and Clinical Isolate piperacillin/tazobactam. The isolate was resistant to amox- icillin, co-amoxiclav, tetracycline, clindamycin, ciproflo- Norman K. Fry,* John Duncan,* Henry Malnick,* xacin, and metronidazole. After initial sensitivity results, a Marina Warner,* Andrew J. Smith,† 6-week course of oral clarithromycin (500 mg, 8 hourly) Margaret S. Jackson,† and Ashraf Ayoub† was begun. We describe the first clinical isolate of Bordetella petrii At follow-up appointments 3 months and 6 months from a patient with mandibular osteomyelitis. The only pre- after antimicrobial drug therapy ceased, clinical and radi- viously documented isolation of B. petrii occurred after the ographic findings were not unusual, and the infected area initial culture of a single strain from an environmental healed successfully. Despite the successful clinical out- source. come, the isolate was subsequently shown to be resistant to clarithromycin in vitro (Table). Improvement of the 67-year-old man visited an emergency dental clinic, osteomyelitis may also have been facilitated by the biopsy Awhere he complained of toothache in the lower right procedure, during which a sequestrum of bone was mandibular quadrant. Examination showed a root-filled removed. lower right canine tooth that was mobile and tender to per- The gram-negative bacillus (designated strain cussion. The tooth was extracted uneventfully under local GDH030510) was submitted to the Health Protection anesthesia. The patient returned after several days with Agency, Centre for Infections, London, for identification. pain at the extraction site. A localized alveolar osteitis was Preliminary tests results were consistent with those diagnosed, and local debridement measures were institut- described for members of the genus Bordetella.
    [Show full text]
  • Identification of Pasteurella Species and Morphologically Similar Organisms
    UK Standards for Microbiology Investigations Identification of Pasteurella species and Morphologically Similar Organisms Issued by the Standards Unit, Microbiology Services, PHE Bacteriology – Identification | ID 13 | Issue no: 3 | Issue date: 04.02.15 | Page: 1 of 28 © Crown copyright 2015 Identification of Pasteurella species and Morphologically Similar Organisms Acknowledgments UK Standards for Microbiology Investigations (SMIs) are developed under the auspices of Public Health England (PHE) working in partnership with the National Health Service (NHS), Public Health Wales and with the professional organisations whose logos are displayed below and listed on the website https://www.gov.uk/uk- standards-for-microbiology-investigations-smi-quality-and-consistency-in-clinical- laboratories. SMIs are developed, reviewed and revised by various working groups which are overseen by a steering committee (see https://www.gov.uk/government/groups/standards-for-microbiology-investigations- steering-committee). The contributions of many individuals in clinical, specialist and reference laboratories who have provided information and comments during the development of this document are acknowledged. We are grateful to the Medical Editors for editing the medical content. For further information please contact us at: Standards Unit Microbiology Services Public Health England 61 Colindale Avenue London NW9 5EQ E-mail: [email protected] Website: https://www.gov.uk/uk-standards-for-microbiology-investigations-smi-quality- and-consistency-in-clinical-laboratories UK Standards for Microbiology Investigations are produced in association with: Logos correct at time of publishing. Bacteriology – Identification | ID 13 | Issue no: 3 | Issue date: 04.02.15 | Page: 2 of 28 UK Standards for Microbiology Investigations | Issued by the Standards Unit, Public Health England Identification of Pasteurella species and Morphologically Similar Organisms Contents ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Chapitre IV: Bacilles Gram Négatifs Aéro- Anaérobie Facultatifs ______Les Entérobactéries, Cours De Microbiologie Systématique Dr
    Chapitre IV: Bacilles Gram négatifs aéro- anaérobie facultatifs __________________________________________Les entérobactéries, Cours de Microbiologie Systématique Dr. BOUSSENA 1. Enterobacteriaceae 1.1. Définition Les entérobactéries sont une famille très hétérogène pour ce qui est de leur pathogénie et de leur écologie. Les espèces qui composent cette famille sont en effet soit parasites (Shigella, Yersinia pestis), soit commensales (Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella sp), soit encore saprophytes (Serratia sp, Enterobacter sp). 1.2. Habitat et pouvoir pathogène Le domaine des entérobactéries commensales ne se limite pas à l’intestin : on les trouve aussi dans la cavité buccale, au niveau des voies aériennes supérieures et sur les organes génitaux. Les entérobactéries sont présentes dans le monde entier et elles ont un habitat très large : eau douce, eau de mer (Alterococcus agarolyticus), sol, végétaux, animaux et elles peuvent contaminer des denrées alimentaires. Certaines espèces sont responsables de diarrhée et/ou d'infections opportunistes (infections urinaires, infections respiratoires, surinfections des plaies, septicémies, méningites...). 1.3. Répartition en genres Au sein des entérobactéries, on distingue de nombreux genres (Shigella, Escherichia, Enterobacter, Serratia, etc…) (tableau 3-1 et 3-2). La distinction entre les genres se fait par l'étude des caractères biochimiques dont les plus importants sont : fermentation du lactose, production d'indole, production d'uréase, production d'acetoïne (réaction dite VP+), utilisation du citrate, désamination du tryptophane. 1.4. Caractérisation des espèces Au sein de chaque genre, on individualise des espèces, par l'étude des caractères biochimiques ou antigéniques. Les entérobactéries possèdent toutes des antigènes de paroi (« somatiques ») ou antigènes O. Les entérobactéries mobiles possèdent en plus des antigènes de flagelle (« flagellaires ») ou antigènes H.
    [Show full text]
  • Antibiotic Use Guidelines for Companion Animal Practice (2Nd Edition) Iii
    ii Antibiotic Use Guidelines for Companion Animal Practice (2nd edition) iii Antibiotic Use Guidelines for Companion Animal Practice, 2nd edition Publisher: Companion Animal Group, Danish Veterinary Association, Peter Bangs Vej 30, 2000 Frederiksberg Authors of the guidelines: Lisbeth Rem Jessen (University of Copenhagen) Peter Damborg (University of Copenhagen) Anette Spohr (Evidensia Faxe Animal Hospital) Sandra Goericke-Pesch (University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover) Rebecca Langhorn (University of Copenhagen) Geoffrey Houser (University of Copenhagen) Jakob Willesen (University of Copenhagen) Mette Schjærff (University of Copenhagen) Thomas Eriksen (University of Copenhagen) Tina Møller Sørensen (University of Copenhagen) Vibeke Frøkjær Jensen (DTU-VET) Flemming Obling (Greve) Luca Guardabassi (University of Copenhagen) Reproduction of extracts from these guidelines is only permitted in accordance with the agreement between the Ministry of Education and Copy-Dan. Danish copyright law restricts all other use without written permission of the publisher. Exception is granted for short excerpts for review purposes. iv Foreword The first edition of the Antibiotic Use Guidelines for Companion Animal Practice was published in autumn of 2012. The aim of the guidelines was to prevent increased antibiotic resistance. A questionnaire circulated to Danish veterinarians in 2015 (Jessen et al., DVT 10, 2016) indicated that the guidelines were well received, and particularly that active users had followed the recommendations. Despite a positive reception and the results of this survey, the actual quantity of antibiotics used is probably a better indicator of the effect of the first guidelines. Chapter two of these updated guidelines therefore details the pattern of developments in antibiotic use, as reported in DANMAP 2016 (www.danmap.org).
    [Show full text]
  • Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of the Capsular Serotypes of Pasteurella Multocida Isolates from Pneumonic Cases of Cattle in Ethiopia
    Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of the Capsular Serotypes of Pasteurella multocida Isolates from Pneumonic Cases of Cattle in Ethiopia Mirtneh Akalu Yilma ( [email protected] ) Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5936-6873 Murthy Bhadra Vemulapati Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Takele Abayneh Tefera Veterinaerinstituttet Martha Yami VeterinaryInstitute Teferi Degefa Negi VeterinaryInstitue Alebachew Belay VeterinaryInstitute Getaw Derese VeterinaryInstitute Esayas Gelaye Leykun Veterinaerinstituttet Research article Keywords: Biovar, Capsular type, Cattle, Ethiopia, Pasteurella multocida Posted Date: January 19th, 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-61749/v2 License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Read Full License Page 1/13 Abstract Background: Pasteurella multocida is a heterogeneous species and opportunistic pathogen associated with pneumonia in cattle. Losses due to pneumonia and associated expenses are estimated to be higher in Ethiopia with limited information about the distribution of capsular serotypes. Hence, this study was designed to determine the phenotypic and capsular serotypes of P. multocida from pneumonic cases of cattle. Methods: A cross sectional study with purposive sampling method was employed in 400 cattle from April 2018 to January 2019. Nasopharyngeal swabs and lung tissue samples were collected from clinically suspected pneumonic cases of calves (n = 170) and adult cattle (n = 230). Samples were analyzed using bacteriological and molecular assay. Results: Bacteriological analysis revealed isolation of 61 (15.25%) P. multocida subspecies multocida. Incidence was higher in calves 35 (57.38%) compared to adult cattle 26 (42.62%) at P < 0.5. PCR assay targeting KMT1 gene (~460 bp) conrmed P.
    [Show full text]
  • Identification by 16S Ribosomal RNA Gene Sequencing of Arcobacter
    182 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Identification by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing of Mol Path: first published as 10.1136/mp.55.3.182 on 1 June 2002. Downloaded from Arcobacter butzleri bacteraemia in a patient with acute gangrenous appendicitis SKPLau,PCYWoo,JLLTeng, K W Leung, K Y Yuen ............................................................................................................................. J Clin Pathol: Mol Pathol 2002;55:182–185 Aims: To identify a strain of Gram negative facultative anaerobic curved bacillus, concomitantly iso- lated with Escherichia coli and Streptococcus milleri, from the blood culture of a 69 year old woman with acute gangrenous appendicitis. The literature on arcobacter bacteraemia and arcobacter infections associated with appendicitis was reviewed. Methods: The isolate was phenotypically investigated by standard biochemical methods using conventional biochemical tests. Genotypically, the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene of the bacterium was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced. The sequence of the PCR prod- uct was compared with known 16S rRNA gene sequences in the GenBank by multiple sequence align- ment. Literature review was performed by MEDLINE search (1966–2000). Results: The bacterium grew on blood agar, chocolate agar, and MacConkey agar to sizes of 1 mm in diameter after 24 hours of incubation at 37°C in 5% CO2. It grew at 15°C, 25°C, and 37°C; it also grew in a microaerophilic environment, and was cytochrome oxidase positive and motile, typically a member of the genus arcobacter. Furthermore, phenotypic testing showed that the biochemical profile See end of article for of the isolate did not fit into the pattern of any of the known arcobacter species.
    [Show full text]
  • Pocket Guide to Clinical Microbiology
    4TH EDITION Pocket Guide to Clinical Microbiology Christopher D. Doern 4TH EDITION POCKET GUIDE TO Clinical Microbiology 4TH EDITION POCKET GUIDE TO Clinical Microbiology Christopher D. Doern, PhD, D(ABMM) Assistant Professor, Pathology Director of Clinical Microbiology Virginia Commonwealth University Health System Medical College of Virginia Campus Washington, DC Copyright © 2018 Amer i can Society for Microbiology. All rights re served. No part of this publi ca tion may be re pro duced or trans mit ted in whole or in part or re used in any form or by any means, elec tronic or me chan i cal, in clud ing pho to copy ing and re cord ing, or by any in for ma tion stor age and re trieval sys tem, with out per mis sion in writ ing from the pub lish er. Disclaimer: To the best of the pub lish er’s knowl edge, this pub li ca tion pro­ vi des in for ma tion con cern ing the sub ject mat ter cov ered that is ac cu rate as of the date of pub li ca tion. The pub lisher is not pro vid ing le gal, med i cal, or other pro fes sional ser vices. Any ref er ence herein to any spe cific com mer cial prod ucts, pro ce dures, or ser vices by trade name, trade mark, man u fac turer, or oth er wise does not con sti tute or im ply en dorse ment, rec om men da tion, or fa vored sta tus by the Ameri can Society for Microbiology (ASM).
    [Show full text]
  • Bacterial Diversity Within the Human Subgingival Crevice
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Staff Publications U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs 12-7-1999 Bacterial diversity within the human subgingival crevice Ian Kroes Stanford University School of Medicine Paul W. Lepp Stanford University School of Medicine, [email protected] David A. Relman Stanford University School of Medicine, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/veterans Kroes, Ian; Lepp, Paul W.; and Relman, David A., "Bacterial diversity within the human subgingival crevice" (1999). U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Staff Publications. 18. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/veterans/18 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Staff Publications by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Bacterialdiversity within the human subgingivalcrevice Ian Kroes, Paul W. Lepp, and David A. Relman* Departmentsof Microbiologyand Immunology,and Medicine,Stanford University School of Medicine,Stanford, CA 94305, and VeteransAffairs Palo Alto HealthCare System, Palo Alto,CA 94304 Editedby Stanley Falkow, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, and approvedOctober 15, 1999(received for review August 2, 1999) Molecular, sequence-based environmental surveys of microorgan- associated with disease (9-11). However, a directcomparison isms have revealed a large degree of previously uncharacterized between cultivation-dependentand -independentmethods has diversity. However, nearly all studies of the human endogenous not been described. In this study,we characterizedbacterial bacterial flora have relied on cultivation and biochemical charac- diversitywithin a specimenfrom the humansubgingival crevice terization of the resident organisms.
    [Show full text]
  • Swedres-Svarm 2019
    2019 SWEDRES|SVARM Sales of antibiotics and occurrence of antibiotic resistance in Sweden 2 SWEDRES |SVARM 2019 A report on Swedish Antibiotic Sales and Resistance in Human Medicine (Swedres) and Swedish Veterinary Antibiotic Resistance Monitoring (Svarm) Published by: Public Health Agency of Sweden and National Veterinary Institute Editors: Olov Aspevall and Vendela Wiener, Public Health Agency of Sweden Oskar Nilsson and Märit Pringle, National Veterinary Institute Addresses: The Public Health Agency of Sweden Solna. SE-171 82 Solna, Sweden Östersund. Box 505, SE-831 26 Östersund, Sweden Phone: +46 (0) 10 205 20 00 Fax: +46 (0) 8 32 83 30 E-mail: [email protected] www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se National Veterinary Institute SE-751 89 Uppsala, Sweden Phone: +46 (0) 18 67 40 00 Fax: +46 (0) 18 30 91 62 E-mail: [email protected] www.sva.se Text, tables and figures may be cited and reprinted only with reference to this report. Images, photographs and illustrations are protected by copyright. Suggested citation: Swedres-Svarm 2019. Sales of antibiotics and occurrence of resistance in Sweden. Solna/Uppsala ISSN1650-6332 ISSN 1650-6332 Article no. 19088 This title and previous Swedres and Svarm reports are available for downloading at www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se/ Scan the QR code to open Swedres-Svarm 2019 as a pdf in publicerat-material/ or at www.sva.se/swedres-svarm/ your mobile device, for reading and sharing. Use the camera in you’re mobile device or download a free Layout: Dsign Grafisk Form, Helen Eriksson AB QR code reader such as i-nigma in the App Store for Apple Print: Taberg Media Group, Taberg 2020 devices or in Google Play.
    [Show full text]