Appendix A Complete list of 594 pathogens identified in canines categorized by the following taxonomical groups: bacteria, ectoparasites, fungi, helminths, protozoa, rickettsia and viruses. Pathogens categorized as zoonotic/sapronotic/anthroponotic have been bolded; sapronoses are specifically denoted by a ❖. If the dog is involved in transmission, maintenance or detection of the pathogen it has been further underlined. Of these, if the pathogen is reported in dogs in Canada (Tier 1) it has been denoted by an *. If the pathogen is reported in Canada but canine-specific reports are lacking (Tier 2) it is marked with a C (see also Appendix C). Finally, if the pathogen has the potential to occur in Canada (Tier 3) it is marked by a D (see also Appendix D).
Bacteria Brachyspira canis Enterococcus casseliflavus Acholeplasma laidlawii Brachyspira intermedia Enterococcus faecalis C Acinetobacter baumannii Brachyspira pilosicoli C Enterococcus faecium* Actinobacillus Brachyspira pulli Enterococcus gallinarum C actinomycetemcomitans C Brevibacterium spp. Enterococcus hirae D Actinobacillus lignieresii Brucella abortus Enterococcus malodoratus
Actinomyces bovis Brucella canis* Enterococcus spp.* Actinomyces bowdenii Brucella suis Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae C Actinomyces canis Burkholderia mallei Erysipelothrix tonsillarum Actinomyces catuli Burkholderia pseudomallei❖ serovar 7 Actinomyces coleocanis Campylobacter coli* Escherichia coli (EHEC, EPEC, Actinomyces hordeovulneris Campylobacter gracilis AIEC, UPEC, NTEC, Actinomyces hyovaginalis Campylobacter helveticus ETEC)* Actinomyces israelii Campylobacter jejuni* Eubacterium plautii D Actinomyces naeslundii Campylobacter lari Eubacterium spp. C Actinomyces neuii subsp. Campylobacter upsaliensis* Flavobacterium spp. D anitratus C Candidatus Mycoplasma Francisella philomiragia Actinomyces odontolyticus haematoparvum Francisella tularensis* Actinomyces turicensis Capnocytophaga canimorsus* Fusobacterium spp.* Actinomyces urogenitalis Capnocytophaga cynodegmi C Gemella morbillorum C Actinomyces viscosus* Chlamydia abortus Haemophilus aphrophilus C Actinomyces weissii Chlamydia caviae Helicobacter bilis Aliarcobacter butzleri C Chlamydophila felis Helicobacter bizzozeronii D Aliarcobacter cryaerophilus C Chlamydophila psittaci Helicobacter canis D Anaerobiospirillum Chromobacterium spp.❖ Helicobacter cinaedi succiniciproducens C Chromobacterium violaceum❖ Helicobacter cynogastricus D Anaerobiospirillum thomasii D Citrobacter diversus Helicobacter felis Citrobacter freundii C Helicobacter fennelliae Archanobacterium pyogenes D Bacillus anthracis C Citrobacter spp. Helicobacter heilmannii* Bacillus circulans C Clostridium botulinum type C Helicobacter rappini Bacillus subtilis D Clostridium botulinum type D Helicobacter salomonis Bacteroides spp.C Clostridium difficile* Klebsiella spp.* C Bartonella clarridgeiae Clostridium perfringens* Lactobacillus spp. Clostridium piliforme Lawsonia intracellularis Bartonella elizabethae C Bartonella henselae* Clostridium spp. Leptospira interrogans serovar C C Bartonella koehlerae Clostridium tetani australis D Bartonella quintana Corynebacterium auriscanis Leptospira interrogans serovar C Bartonella rochalimae Corynebacterium canis autumnalis* C Bartonella vinsonii subsp. Corynebacterium freiburgense Leptospira interrogans serovar Corynebacterium spp. D bataviae D berkhoffii* C Bartonella washoensis Corynebacterium ulcerans Leptospira interrogans serovar Bergeyella zoohelcum C Corynebacterium urealyticum bratislava* Bordetella bronchiseptica* Coxiella burnetii* Leptospira interrogans serovar C Bordetella pertussis Cytobacillus firmus canicola* C Borrelia afzelii senso lato Dermabacter hominis Leptospira interrogans serovar Borrelia burgdorferi senso Dermatophilus congolensis grippotyphosa* stricto* Eikenella corrodens C Leptospira interrogans serovar Borrelia garinii senso lato Enterobacter cloacae C hardjo* Borrelia turicatae Enterococcus avium C Leptospira interrogans serovar Brachyspira alvinipulli-like Enterococcus canintestini icterohaemorrhagiae*
Only a portion of the information obtained in this study is presented here. Please contact the authors for additional reference material on why a pathogen was or was not included in a particular step.
Leptospira interrogans serovar Pasteurella canis* Streptococcus suis pomona* Pasteurella multocida* Tannerella forsythia D Leptospira interrogans serovar Pasteurella spp.* Ureaplasma canigenitalum zanoni D Pediococcus spp. D Veillonella spp. C Leptotrichia buccalis C Peptostreptococcus spp. C Wolbachia pipientis D Listeria monocytogenes Plesiomonas shigelloides C Yersinia enterocolitica* Mesomycoplasma molare Porphyromonas spp. D Yersinia pestis* Metamycoplasma gateae Prevotella spp. C Yersinia pseudotuberculosis C Metamycoplasma spumans Propionibacterium spp. C Methicillin resistant Proteus mirabilis C CoNS strains (MRSS) Proteus vulgaris C Ectoparasites Methicillin resistant Providencia alcalifaciens Cheyletiella parasitovorax D Staph aureus (MRSA)* Providencia stuartii Cheyletiella yasguri* Methicillin resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa* Ctenocephalides canis* Staph pseudintermedius Pseudomonas oryzihabitans D Ctenocephalides felis* C (MRSP)* Pseudomonas spp. Demodex canis Micrococcus lylae D Ralstonia pickettii❖ Echidnophaga gallinacea C Micrococcus spp. C Rhodococcus equi Notoedres cati Moraxella spp.* Riemerella anatipestifer C Otodectes cynotis Mycobacterium avium subsp Salmonella enterica (enteriditis, Pneumonyssoides caninum paratuberculosis❖ typhimurium)* Pulex irritans* Mycobacterium avium- Serratia spp. Pulex simulans intracellulare complex❖ Shigella spp. Sarcoptes scabiei var canis* Mycobacterium bovis Staphylococcus aureus* Tunga penetrans Mycobacterium chelonae- Staphylococcus epidermidis C Xenopsylla cheopis C abscessus group C Staphylococcus Mycobacterium fortuitum group C pseudintermedius* Mycobacterium genavense❖ Staphylococcus schleiferi Fungi Mycobacterium goodii❖ coagulans Absidia spp.❖ Mycobacterium kansasii C Staphylococcus schleiferi Acremonium hyalinulum❖ Mycobacterium microti schleiferi Acremonium kiliense❖ Mycobacterium smegmatis Staphylococcus sciuri Alternaria spp.❖ group❖ Staphylococcus spp. D Aspergillus deflectus❖ Mycobacterium Canine Leproid Staphylococcus xylosus C Aspergillus flavipes❖ Granulomas Stenotrophomonas maltophilia C Aspergillus flavus❖ Mycobacterium tuberculosis Stomatococcus mucilaginosus C Aspergillus fumigatus❖ Mycoplasma arginini Streptobacillus moniliformis C Aspergillus nidulans❖ Mycoplasma bovigenitalium Streptococcus agalactiae Aspergillus niger❖ Mycoplasma canis Streptococcus canis (Group G)* Aspergillus terreus❖ Mycoplasma cynos Streptococcus dysgalactiae Basidiobolus spp.❖ Mycoplasma edwardii C dysgalactiae Bipolaris spp.❖ Mycoplasma feliminutum Streptococcus dysgalactiae Blastomyces dermatitidis* Mycoplasma felis equisimilis Candida albicans Mycoplasma haemocanis Streptococcus equi subsp. equi Candida famata Mycoplasma maculosum Streptococcus equi subsp. Candida glabrata Mycoplasma opalescens zooepidemicus C Candida guilliermondii Mycoplasma ovis Streptococcus Group D Candida krusei Neisseria animaloris C commensals Candida parapsilosis Neisseria canis C Streptococcus Group E Candida rugosa Neisseria dentiae D Streptococcus Group L Candida tropicalis Neisseria spp. C Streptococcus Group M Chlorella spp.❖ Neisseria weaveri* Streptococcus intermedius Chrysosporium spp.❖ Neisseria zoodegmatis C Streptococcus mitis (⍺- Cladophialophora bantiana❖ Nocardia brasiliensis C streptococcus) C Cladophialophora spp.❖ Nocardia farcinica C Streptococcus pneumoniae Cladosporium xylohypha❖ Nocardia nova C Streptococcus pyogenes (⍺- Coccidioides immitis Nocardia otitidiscaviarum C streptococcus) C Coccidioides posadasii Oerskovia spp. D Streptococcus spp.* Conidiobolus spp.❖
Only a portion of the information obtained in this study is presented here. Please contact the authors for additional reference material on why a pathogen was or was not included in a particular step.
Cryptococcus albidus❖ Alaria nasuae Opisthorchis viverrini Cryptococcus gattii❖* Amphimerus pseudofelineus D Oslerus osleri Cryptococcus laurentii❖ Ancylostoma braziliense Paragonimus africanus Cryptococcus neoformans❖ Ancylostoma caninum Paragonimus heterotremus Curvularia spp.❖ Ancylostoma ceylanicum Paragonimus hueit'ungensis Emmonsia parva❖ Angiostrongylus vasorum Paragonimus kellicotti* Encephalitozoon cuniculi Apophallus donicus* Paragonimus mexicanus Encephalitozoon hellem Ascaris lumbricoides Paragonimus spp. Encephalitozoon intestinalis Baylisascaris procyonis* Paragonimus westermani Enterocytozoon bieneusi Brugia malayi Phagicola longa C Epidermophyton spp. Brugia pahangi Phaneropsolus bonnei Fonsecaea spp.❖ Capillaria aerophila Physaloptera rara Fusarium spp.❖ Centrocestus armatus Plagiorchis muris Geomyces spp.❖ Centrocestus formosanus Prohemistomum vivax Geosmithia argillacea❖ Clonorchis sinensis Prosthodendrium glandulosum Geotrichum candidum❖ Cryptocotyle lingua* Prosthodendrium obtusum Histoplasma capsulatum❖* Dicrocoelium dendriticum Pseudamphistomum truncatum Lagenidium spp.❖ Dioctophyma renale Pygidiopsis summa Madurella spp.❖ Diphyllobothrium spp.* Schistosoma incognitum Malassezia pachydermatis* Dipylidium caninum* Schistosoma japonicum Microsporum canis* Dirofilaria immitis* Schistosoma mansoni Microsporum gypseum C Dirofilaria repens D Schistosoma mekongi Monocillium indicum❖ Dracunculus insignis Schistosoma rodhaini Mucor spp.❖ Dracunculus medinensis Spirocerca lupi Ochronconis spp.❖ Echinochasmus fujianensis Spirometra mansoni Paecilomyces fumorsoroseus❖ Echinochasmus japonicus Stellantchasmus falcatus Paecilomyces lilacinus❖ C Echinochasmus liliputanus Stellantchasmus pseudocirratus Paecilomyces variotii❖ Echinochasmus perfoliatus Stictodora fuscata Paracoccidioides brasiliensis❖ Echinococcus granulosus* Strongyloides stercoralis C Penicillium spp.❖ Echinococcus multilocularis* Taenia brauni D Phialemonium spp.❖ Echinococcus vogeli D Taenia crassiceps C Phialophora spp.❖ Echinostoma cinetorchus Taenia hydatigena Pneumocystis carinii❖ Echinostoma hortense Taenia krabbei Pneumocystis wakefieldae❖ Echinostoma ilocanum Taenia multiceps C Prototheca spp.❖ Echinostoma spp. Taenia ovis Pseudallescheria boydii❖ Episthmium caninum Taenia pisiformis Pseudomicrodochium spp.❖ Filaroides hirthi Taenia serialis* Pythium insidiosum❖ Gnathostoma spinigerum Taenia solium Rhinosporidium seeberi❖ Haplorchis pumilio Taenia spp.* Rhizomucor spp.❖ Haplorchis taichui Taenia taeniaeformis Rhizopus spp.❖ Haplorchis yokogawai Thelazia californiensis D Rhodotorula glutinis❖ Heterobilharzia americana Thelazia callipaeda D Rhodotorula mucilaginosa❖ Heterophyes dispar Toxascaris leonina Saksenaea spp.❖ Heterophyes heterophyes Toxocara canis* Schizophyllum commune❖ Heterophyopsis continua Trichinella spiralis Sporothrix schenckii* Macracanthorhynchus Trichuris vulpis Trichoderma spp.❖ hirudinaceus D Uncinaria stenocephala* Trichophyton spp.* Macracanthorhynchus ingens C Trichosporon cutaneum❖ Mesocestoides spp.* Metagonimus yokogawai Protozoa Metorchis albidus Acanthamoeba castellanii❖ Helminths Metorchis conjunctus* Acanthamoeba culbertsoni❖ Acanthocheilonema Nanophyetus salmincola* Acanthamoeba genotype T1❖ reconditum* Ollulanus tricuspis Babesia caballi Alaria alata* Onchocerca lupi Babesia canis canis Alaria americana* Oncicola canis Babesia canis rossi Alaria canis* Opisthorchis felineus Babesia canis vogeli Alaria marcianae* Opisthorchis noverca Babesia conradae
Only a portion of the information obtained in this study is presented here. Please contact the authors for additional reference material on why a pathogen was or was not included in a particular step.
Babesia gibsoni Rickettsia Canine respiratory coronavirus Babesia microti-like (Babesia Anaplasma phagocytophilum* group 2 (subtype a) annae) Anaplasma platys Canine rotavirus group A C D Balamuthia mandrillaris❖ Ehrlichia canis* (G3P[3], G3P[8]) C Balantidium coli Ehrlichia chaffeensis Cowpox Blastocystis hominis Ehrlichia ewingii Coxsackievirus A9, A20 Blastocystis spp. Ehrlichia ruminantium Coxsackievirus B1 Caryospora bigentica-like Neorickettsia elokominica Coxsackievirus B3 Cryptosporidium canis* Neorickettsia helminthoeca Coxsackievirus B5 Cryptosporidium muris Neorickettsia risticii Eastern equine encephalitis Cryptosporidium parvum Neorickettsia risticii subsp. Ebola virus Cyclospora cayetanensis atypicalis Echovirus 6 Entamoeba histolytica Orientia tsutsugamushi Echovirus 7 Giardia duodenalis Rickettsia akari Encephalomyocarditis virus (assemblage A1)* Rickettsia australis European bat virus Giardia duodenalis Rickettsia conorii subsp. conorii Foot and Mouth Disease (assemblage B)* Rickettsia felis C Hendra virus Giardia duodenalis assemblage C Rickettsia japonica Hepatitis E virus Giardia duodenalis assemblage D Rickettsia prowazekii Influenza virus A (Human; Hammondia heydorni Rickettsia rickettsii* subtypes H1N1, H3N2, Hepatozoon americanum Stellanchasmus falcatus H5N1) Hepatozoon canis Influenza virus B (Human) Intrahepatic biliary coccidiosis Influenza virus C (Human) Intrapulmonary coccidiosis Irkut virus Isospora burrowsi Viruses Japanese encephalitis virus Isospora canis African Horse Sickness Kobuvirus Astrovirus Isospora neorivolta La Crosse virus Isospora ohioensis Australian bat virus Lagos bat virus Leishmania amazonensis Barmah Forest virus Louping ill Bluetongue virus Leishmania braziliensis Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Leishmania donovani Borna Disease virus virus Leishmania infantum* Canine Acidophil Cell Hepatitis Mokola virus Canine Adenovirus 1 Leishmania major Mumps virus Leishmania panamensis Canine Adenovirus 2 Nipah virus Leishmania peruviana Canine Calicivirus (strain 48) Poliovirus 1 Canine Coronavirus Leishmania tropica Porcine Herpesvirus 1 Neospora caninum group 1 type 1 Powassan virus Pentatrichomonas hominis Canine Coronavirus Rabies (genotype 1 phylogroup 1 group 1 type 2 (pantropic Sarcocystis aucheniae subtype 1)* Sarcocystis canis biotype) Reovirus MRV (Mammalian Sarcocystis capracanis Canine Coronavirus Reovirus) serotype 1 Sarcocystis cruzi group 1 type 2 (subtype a Reovirus MRV (Mammalian Sarcocystis fayeri and b) Reovirus) serotype 2 Sarcocystis hircicanis Canine Distemper virus Reovirus MRV (Mammalian Sarcocystis meischeriana Canine Herpesvirus 1 Reovirus) serotype 3 Sarcocystis neurona Canine Influenza virus (H3N8) Rift Valley Fever Theileria annulata Canine Norovirus Ross River virus Theileria equi Canine Oral Papillomavirus Sapovirus Toxoplasma gondii Canine Papillomavirus type 2 Sars-CoV-2 (Covid-19) Tritrichomonas foetus Canine Papillomavirus type 3 Sin Nombre virus Trypanosoma brucei brucei Canine Papillomavirus type 6 St. Louis encephalitis Trypanosoma brucei gambiense Canine Papillomavirus type 7 Tenshaw (Tensaw) virus infection Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense Canine Parainfluenza virus Tick borne encephalitis Trypanosoma caninum (respiratory) Unclassified enteroviruses Trypanosoma congolense Canine Parainfluenza virus 5 Venezuelan equine encephalitis Trypanosoma cruzi* variant (non-respiratory) Vesicular exanthema Canine Parvovirus 1 Trypanosoma evansi West Nile virus Canine Parvovirus 2 Western equine encephalitis Canine Pneumovirus
Only a portion of the information obtained in this study is presented here. Please contact the authors for additional reference material on why a pathogen was or was not included in a particular step.