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Cuadernos De Historia 49 Cuadernos De
CUADERNOS DE HISTORIA 49 CUADERNOS DE Santiago de Chile December of 2018 SUMMARY HISTORIA 49 Articles ISSN 0716-1832 versión impresa ISSN 0719-1243 versión electrónica The first stakes of John Thomas North’s nitrate kingdom. The origin of the myth .. 7-36 Sergio González Miranda Ways to lose the opportunity. Economies and Latin American independences, State of the art .................................................................................................................... 37-72 Antonio Santamaría García Japan´s Public Diplomacy and the Chilean Press during World War Two ............... 73-97 Pedro Iacobelli D. and Nicolás Camino V. On the origins of anti-peronism: the Democratic Union and the establishment of aguinaldo (1945-46) ............................................................................................. 99-123 Pablo Pizzorno Communist officials in the Government of González Videla, 1946-1947 ................ 125-173 Jorge Rojas Flores Dictatorship and Hegemonic Construction in a Regional Space: The CEMA Case at the ‘Greater Concepción’, 1973-1976 ................................................................... 175-193 Danny Monsálvez Araneda and Millaray Cárcamo Hermosilla Theological reason for the instrumental implementation of neoliberalism in Chile under the military civil dictatorship, 1973-1982 ....................................................... 195-220 Jorge Olguín Olate Documents DICIEMBRE 2018 People and landscapes of the chilean pacific ocean and southern peru, seen by a british corsair. Account -
Redalyc.La Dramática Historia De La Guerra Del Pacífico (1879-1883)
Revista Izquierdas E-ISSN: 0718-5049 [email protected] Universidad de Santiago de Chile Chile Guerra Vilaboy, Sergio La dramática historia de la Guerra del Pacífico (1879-1883) y de sus consecuencias para Bolivia Revista Izquierdas, núm. 15, abril, 2013, pp. 193-213 Universidad de Santiago de Chile Santiago, Chile Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=360133457009 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto Sergio Guerra Vilaboy, La dramática historia de la Guerra del Pacífico (1879-1883) y sus consecuencias para Bolivia, revista www.izquierdas.cl, N°15, abril 2013, ISSN 0718-5049, pp. 193-213 La dramática historia de la Guerra del Pacífico (1879-1883) y de sus consecuencias para Bolivia Sergio Guerra Vilaboy* Bolivia fue pretexto, con el cual se recogió de paso a Antofagasta; Perú, el objeto real, en el que se iban a saciar, no tanto ansias de poseer las salitreras de Tarapacá, cuanto viejos celosos y tenaces rencores. El odio del fuerte al débil, odio misterioso e implacable1 José Martí La Guerra del Pacífico, que envolvió en un conflicto fratricida entre 1879 y 1883 a Chile, Perú y Bolivia, tiene todavía hoy sus heridas sin cicatrizar, como demuestran los persistentes reclamos bolivianos de una salida al mar. Las verdaderas causas de esta sangrienta contienda -
Street Art Of
Global Latin/o Americas Frederick Luis Aldama and Lourdes Torres, Series Editors “A detailed, incisive, intelligent, and well-argued exploration of visual politics in Chile that explores the way muralists, grafiteros, and other urban artists have inserted their aesthetics into the urban landscape. Not only is Latorre a savvy, patient sleuth but her dialogues with artists and audiences offer the reader precious historical context.” —ILAN STAVANS “A cutting-edge piece of art history, hybridized with cultural studies, and shaped by US people of color studies, attentive in a serious way to the historical and cultural context in which muralism and graffiti art arise and make sense in Chile.” —LAURA E. PERÉZ uisela Latorre’s Democracy on the Wall: Street Art of the Post-Dictatorship Era in Chile G documents and critically deconstructs the explosion of street art that emerged in Chile after the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet, providing the first broad analysis of the visual vocabulary of Chile’s murals and graffiti while addressing the historical, social, and political context for this public art in Chile post-1990. Exploring the resurgence and impact of the muralist brigades, women graffiti artists, the phenomenon of “open-sky museums,” and the transnational impact on the development of Chilean street art, Latorre argues that mural and graffiti artists are enacting a “visual democracy,” a form of artistic praxis that seeks to create alternative images to those produced by institutions of power. Keenly aware of Latin America’s colonial legacy and Latorre deeply flawed democratic processes, and distrustful of hegemonic discourses promoted by government and corporate media, the artists in Democracy on the Wall utilize graffiti and muralism as an alternative means of public communication, one that does not serve capitalist or nationalist interests. -
“Nada Tan Triste Como El Aspecto De Esta Ciudad (Iquique) El Portezuelo
1 “Nada tan triste como el aspecto de esta ciudad (Iquique) el portezuelo con sus insignificantes barcos y su grupillo de casas miserables está en total desproporción con el resto del paisaje y parece aplastado por éste” Charles Darwin - 18351 1 Darwin, Charles- “Mi viaje alrededor del mundo”. Madrid 1845 2 “Iquique, Centro Internacional de Negocios y Plataforma de Servicios para las Relaciones Continentales y de Ultramar” Moptt - 20042 2 Moptt - http://www.obrasbicentenario.cl/proyectos/prim_region_iquique.htm 3 El proceso de Integración Latinoamericana iniciada en la década de los 80, marcó un hito trascendental en Sudamérica. La última década del siglo XX se caracterizó por la consolidación de la nueva fase de internacionalización de los mercados, que pone en dependencia recíproca a las naciones en un grado que no tiene precedentes en el pasado. Dentro de ese marco global, en al año 1991 nace el MERCOSUR. Este bloque económico surge como una respuesta natural de los socios comerciales de la región frente a la creciente regionalización que se verifica en el resto del mundo. Se eligió la integración como modo de posicionarse como región, frente a los otros bloques económicos del mundo globalizado, tales como la Unión Europea (UE) y el Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte (TLCAN o NAFTA) En Junio de 1996 se firmó el Acuerdo de Complementación Económica MERCOSUR, Chile sentó las bases de ampliación del espacio económico con una zona de libre comercio, facilitación del transporte sobre todo terrestre, a través del Corredor Bioceánico, para favorecer la libre circulación de bienes y personas, la defensa de la competencia y del consumidor, la doble imposición internacional, la propiedad intelectual y la cooperación científica tecnológica. -
Annual Report 2010-11
Institute for the Study of the Americas Annual Report 2010-2011 Mission and Aims Institute for the Study of the Americas Annual Report 2010-2011 Table of Contents Governance 2 Te Institute was founded in August 2004 through a merger of the Institute of Latin American Studies (ILAS) with Staf List 3 the Institute of United States Studies (IUSS), both of which had been founded in 1965 at 31 Tavistock Square. Like its predecessors, the new Institute forms part of the University of London’s School of Advanced Study. Director’s Report 4 ISA occupies a unique position at the core of academic study of the region in the UK. Internationally recognised as a centre of excellence for research and research facilitation, ISA also provides resources to the wider academic Academic Staf Profles 8 community, serving and strengthening national networks of North Americanist, Latin Americanist and Caribbeanist Fellowships 20 scholars. Te Institute actively maintains and builds ties with cultural, diplomatic and business organisations with interests in the Americas and, as part of the School of Advanced Study within the University of London, benefts from Events 25 academic opportunities, facilities and stimulation across and between a wide range of subject felds in the humanities and social sciences. Postgraduate Programmes 36 Te Council of the University of London approved the establishment of ISA on the understanding that it would be dedicated to teaching and research, not just on the USA and Latin America, but to the Americas as a whole, with Publications 40 proper attention to Canada and the Caribbean. ISA will uphold the dedication to area studies and multi-disciplinarity that animated its predecessors. -
There Was Once a Mine of Gold in Peru, Later It Became a Copper Mine, and Now They Sell the Water That Collects in the Bottom
THERE WAS ONCE A MINE OF GOLD IN PERU, LATER IT BECAME A COPPER MINE, AND NOW THEY SELL THE WATER THAT COLLECTS IN THE BOTTOM NITRATE NITRATE xavier ribas 9 Presentation Bartomeu Marí Miguel López-Remiro 13 Unfolding the Documentary Dispositive Carles Guerra 29 Nitrate Traffic Louise Purbrick 39 Spaces of Circulation Max Jorge Hinderer Cruz 43 The Photography of an Inhospitable Territory Andrea Jösch 47 Nitrate Workers and Popular Politicisation in Tarapacá in the Early Twentieth Century Pablo Artaza Barrios 101 The Nitrate Wealth of Tarapacá (1908) Mabel Loomis Todd 167 Spatialities Alberto Martín 172 List of works in the exhibition Presentation Nitrate, the project by Xavier Ribas (Barcelona, 1960) that forms the core content of this catalogue, represents the main focus of his work between 2009 and the present day. This monographic publication, in conjunction with the research Traces of Nitrate: History and Photography Between Britain and Chile, elaborated by the artist at the University of Brighton alongside historian Louise Purbrick and photographer Ignacio Acosta with the support of the Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC), comprises a body of work which in its complexity merits consideration as an entire documentary dispositive ( http://arts.brighton.ac.uk/projects/traces-of-nitrate). Nitrate represents an artistic practice with one foot in a university department and the other in the museum space; neither aspect can be understood without the other. This is because the documentary practice of Xavier Ribas brings together different approaches to research, both academic and artistic, recalling to some extent the critical tradition of photography that crystallised as an artistic genre in the 1970s: a kind of composition that demanded the combination of data and photography, with results akin to investigative journalism. -
University of Huddersfield Repository
University of Huddersfield Repository Marshall, William The creation of Yorkshireness: Cultural identities in Yorkshire c.1850-1918 Original Citation Marshall, William (2011) The creation of Yorkshireness: Cultural identities in Yorkshire c.1850- 1918. Doctoral thesis, University of Huddersfield. This version is available at http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/12302/ The University Repository is a digital collection of the research output of the University, available on Open Access. Copyright and Moral Rights for the items on this site are retained by the individual author and/or other copyright owners. Users may access full items free of charge; copies of full text items generally can be reproduced, displayed or performed and given to third parties in any format or medium for personal research or study, educational or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge, provided: • The authors, title and full bibliographic details is credited in any copy; • A hyperlink and/or URL is included for the original metadata page; and • The content is not changed in any way. For more information, including our policy and submission procedure, please contact the Repository Team at: [email protected]. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/ he creation of Yorkshireness Cultural identities in Yorkshire c.1850-1918 WILLIAM MARSHALL A thesis submitted to the University of Huddersield in partial fulilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy he University of Huddersield September 2011 Abstract THE rapid expansion, wider distribution and increased readership of print media in the latter half of the nineteenth century helped to foster the process that has been described as the nationalisation of English culture. -
John T. North, the Nitrate King, and Chile's Lost Future
LATIN AMERICAN PERSPECTIVES 10.1177/0094582X03256254MonteónARTICLE / CHILE’S LOST FUTURE John T. North, The Nitrate King, and Chile’s Lost Future by Michael Monteón This, like many other narratives on the history of Chile, is a consideration of what might have been. In any analysis of an underdeveloped nation, we must face the past as it occurred and compare it with other, possible pasts. Until the short-lived presidency of Salvador Allende Gossens, 1970–1973, no government had pursued a socialist form of development, and therefore all questions about Chile’s dependent development and underdevelopment until then turn on what kind of capitalism took place within the country and what kind might have been possible. The issues and events presented here are embedded in Chileans’ own sense of the past. José Manuel Balmaceda is the “presidential martyr” of national development, the tragic figure of a once possible but now lost future. Had he not been overthrown by a congressional rebellion, he might have set Chile on a very different course of national capi- talism in which a fortune derived from nitrate revenues would have seeded education, economic diversification, and a national transport system. In short, Balmaceda’s administration is seen as a lost opportunity to have mod- ernized the country. After World War II, it was the left that most often discussed Balmaceda and Chile’s lost future, but it did not monopolize the discussion of his impor- tance and the civil war of 1891. Liberal political thinkers had staked out much of the historical terrain about the president and the conflict well before 1945 and as early as the 1890s had raised the key issues of the conflict. -
Nitrate Traffic Louise Purbrick Like the Dancing Wooden Table Imagined By
Nitrate traffic Louise Purbrick Like the dancing wooden table imagined by Karl Marx in Capital, all commodities are shape shifters.i They appear to metamorphose. But nitrate materially changes. Its power as a substance and value as commodity lie in its capacity to change from material to immaterial state, to transform and to be transformative. Chilean nitrate is a sodium nitrate that, once processed, can be used as a fertiliser and to make explosives. It is the element nitrogen, which comprises eighty per cent of the earth’s atmosphere, in this compound form that can speed or shatter life. Capital transformation The ore that contains nitrate, known as caliche, lies all over the Atacama Desert, just beneath its surface. Caliche was widespread, but the extraction of its nitrate was not. The driest desert in the world supplied neither water nor firewood for the refining process that required saturation and heating. There are some records of nitrate refining in Peru, above Lima, from the Spanish colonial period. One eighteenth-century account describes how ‘Indians’ crushed caliche into small pieces, soaked them in water for a day, then boiled and cooled the water to allow nitrate to crystallise. Dissolved again and dried, they were used as an explosive in silver mines.ii Early nitrate works expanded on the indigenous refining process. Large inverted cones called fondos were filled with caliche and water, which was boiled then poured into bateas, tanks where nitrate cooled to crystallise. Mud and salt, the ripio, or waste of the nitrate refining remained in the fondo.iii While nitrate processing began before Peruvian Independence in 1821, it only developed as an industry in the Atacama Desert, then the territory of Peru, when British traders captured South American markets vacated by Spain. -
Université Paris I Panthéon-Sorbonne Master Erasmus Mundus TPTI
Université Paris I Panthéon-Sorbonne UFR 09/ Département d’Histoire Master Erasmus Mundus TPTI : Techniques, Patrimoine, Territoires de l’Industrie : Histoire, Valorisation, Didactique Mémoire de Master L’étude du patrimoine du salpêtre chilien (XIXe-XXe siècles) et de sa mise en valeur Research on Chilean saltpetre Heritage (19th and 20th Centuries) and its enhancement Valentine ALDEBERT Sous la direction de Anne-Françoise GARCON 2014-2015 I L’étude du patrimoine du salpêtre chilien (XIXe-XXe siècles) et de sa mise en valeur II Remerciements J’aimerais tout d’abord remercier le Professeur Anne-Françoise Garçon pour avoir accepté de diriger mon mémoire de master sur le patrimoine du salpêtre chilien, ainsi que Gracia Dorel Ferré, ma cotutrice, pour ses conseils avisés et sa disponibilité. J’aimerais également remercier toute l’équipe du master TPTI, en particulier les professeurs Massimo Preite et Mikel Saez, respectivement de l’Université de Padoue et de l’Université d’Alicante, pour avoir su orienter ma recherche. Je souhaitais de même remercier les professeurs Annick Lempérière (Université Paris I Panthéon-Sorbonne), Sergio Gonzalez Miranda (Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile), Jose Antonio Gonzalez Pizarro (Universidad Catolica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile) et Flora Vilches (Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile). Mes remerciements vont aussi à l’ensemble de la Corporacion Museo del Salitre et à la journaliste de la corporation Anyelina Rojas, sans qui je n’aurai pas pu avoir une visite exhaustive et une bonne compréhension de la ville d’Iquique et des oficinas Humberstone et Santa Laura. Je ne peux ignorer l’aide précieuse de Guillermo Ross-Murray (Museo Regional de Tarapaca), de Roberto Zilva Gonzalez (Museo militar de Iquique), de Edgardo Solis Nuñez (Direccion de los Asuntos Internos de la Corporacion Cultural Antofagasta), de Sergio Saez (Museo del Ferrocaril de Antofagasta a Bolivia), et de Mauricio Barrera Bakit (Biblioteca Nacional de Chile). -
Family Tree of John Thomas North
Appendix Family tree of John Thomas North John Thomas North1 Born January 30, 1842, at Holbeck near Leeds. Married Jane Woodhead in 1865. Died May 5, 1896, in London. Grandparents: Grandfather: John North of Huddersfield2 John North was a coal merchant and had four children: James, John, Reuben, Harriet. Parents: James North. Also a coal merchant. Born 1813. Married Mary Gambles (or Gamble) of Batley in 1838. Mary Gambles born circa 1818.3 James North died in 1867.4 Wife: Married Jane Woodhead in 1865, daughter of John Woodhead, painter, of Park Lane in Leeds.5 Jane North died May 15, 1924, aged 81. Siblings: Emma North Born in Holbeck, Leeds, in 1839.6 Married (1) John Dickinson in 1861. John Dickinson was a civil engineer. He worked in Chile for a time, and died in 1883 in England of tuberculosis. 144 APPENDIX 3 daughters: ● Mary Emma Dickinson. Born June 29, 1861. Married Arthur William John Beazley. Their children: a daughter, Beatrice, and a son, Mavin John, who was born in 1884 in Iquique. Mary Emma divorced Arthur William in 1891 and took up residence at Avery Hill with her family. (Note: Colonel North’s will of 1895 refers to “Mary Emma Beasley [sic]” as “my niece,” whereas the other daughters are referred to as his sister’s “daughters”). ● Florence Dickinson. Born 1865. Married George Pratt in 1889, and had four children: George Leslie, Stuart Harvey, Vera, Elaine. ● Louisa Maude Dickinson. Born 1877. Married Francis John (Francis Joseph?) Branthwaite in 1900. No children. Married (2) Andrew Taylor, a photographer. Colonel North’s will of 1895 refers to “my sister Mrs. -
YOKELLIV-DISSERTATION-2018.Pdf (1.292Mb)
GERMANY AND LATIN AMERICA – DEVELOPING INFRASTRUCTURE AND FOREIGN POLICY, 1871-1914 A Dissertation by MARSHALL A. YOKELL, IV Submitted to the Office of Graduate and Professional Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Chair of Committee, Adam R. Seipp Committee Members, Jason C. Parker Brian J. Rouleau Shona N. Jackson Head of Department, David Vaught December 2018 Major Subject: History Copyright 2018 Marshall Allison Yokell, IV ABSTRACT From the formation of the German nation in 1871 until the eve of World War I, Germany’s emergence on the world stage as a global power was never a simple endeavor nor one where there was a clear path forward for policymakers in Berlin or diplomats serving abroad. While scholars have focused on the direct actions in creating a formal German empire, a clear mark of a global power, they have not fully engaged in examining the impact of indirect forms of imperialism and empire building. This dissertation is a global study of German interactions in South America, and how it relied on its diplomats there to assist in the construction of an informal empire, thus demonstrating Germany’s global presence. This coterie of diplomats and foreign policy officials in Berlin pointed to South America as a region of untapped potential for Germany to establish its global footprint and become a world power. This work draws upon primary sources, both unpublished and published, examining the records of diplomats, businessmen, and colonial and religious groups to show the vast networks and intersections that influenced German policy in South America as it sought to increase its global presence and construct an informal empire.