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Emergency Plan of Action (Epoa) Guatemala: Hurricane Eta &Iota

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Emergency Plan of Action (Epoa) Guatemala: Hurricane Eta &Iota Emergency Plan of Action (EPoA) Guatemala: Hurricane Eta &Iota Emergency Appeal n° MDR43007 Glide n°: TC-2020-000222-GTM Date of issue: 22 8 November 2020 Expected timeframe: 18-months December 2020. Expected end date: 31 May 2022 IFRC Category allocated to the of the disaster or crisis: Orange IFRC funding requirements: 3 Million Swiss francs National Society funding requirements: 30 Million Swiss francs DREF allocated: 160,072 Swiss francs (CHF) Number of people 2,415,858 people Number of people to be 10,000 people (2,000 affected: assisted: families) Regions affected: Alta Verapaz, Izabal, Zacapa, Regions targeted: Departments of Alta Chiquimula, Petén, Quiché, Verapaz and Izabal. Jutiapa, El Progreso and Santa Rosa, Huehuetenango. Host National Societies presence: The Guatemalan Red Cross has a presence with 20 delegations at the national level. It has 2,000 active volunteers (56% men and 44% women). Red Cross Red Crescent Movement partners actively involved in the operation: The International Federation of the Red Cross and Red Crescent, the Spanish Red Cross, the Norwegian Red Cross and the International Committee of the Red Cross. Other partner organizations actively involved in the operation: Guatemala National Coordinator for Disaster Reduction (CONRED), Emergencies and Disasters for Latin America and the Caribbean (REDLAC), Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), with the agencies and programs of the United Nations System, and member Organizations of the Humanitarian Country Team (EHP). This operation was launched on 8 November 2020, this Plan of Action includes the latest assessments of the impact of Hurricane Eta and Iota and Guatemalan Red Cross response assessments. Main changes include: • For shelter the delivery of household items (HH) to cover basic needs was prioritized and for Livelihoods and basic needs, multipurpose Cash and Voucher Assistance (CVA) was prioritized • This EPoA is a part of a broader Federation- wide approach to this emergency response. It outlines the multilateral activities for Guatemala supported by the IFRC secretariat’s funding ask in the IFRC Emergency Appeal. As part of this membership coordinated approach, which is detailed in the diagram below, a Federation- wide Single Plan and reporting mechanism is being developed at the regional level based on the Response Plans from Guatemalan Red Cross and other affected National Societies, and in consultation with all Federation members contributing to the response. This Plan will ensure linkages between all response activities (including bilateral activities and activities funded domestically), establish a best- practice model for good coordination and assist to leverage the capacities of all members of the Federation in the country, to maximise the collective humanitarian impact. IFRC Internal P a g e | 2 A. Situation analysis Guatemala population is 17.2 million, and by 2019, 59.3% of Guatemalans were living in poverty. The Human Development Index (HDI) 0.472 ranks 126th out of 196 countries evaluated. The most recent results indicate that life expectancy at birth is 74.1 years, the expected years of schooling are 10.6 but the average years of schooling are 6.5; and that the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita is US$ 7,378. The score obtained by Guatemala places it below the average world score (0.731) and even below the score of Latin American countries (0.759). Guatemala has the sixth highest rate of chronic malnutrition in the world and the highest in Latin America. Chronic childhood malnutrition affects 47% of all children under the age of five, 58% of indigenous children, and 66% of children in the lowest income quintile. In 2019, Guatemala ranked 68th in food security out of 113 countries1. About one-third of Guatemalans depend on natural resources for their livelihoods and 71% of agricultural production in Guatemala is rainfed and takes place on steep mountainous terrain, making it highly vulnerable to drought, excess rainfall and soil erosion. Since 2012, the impact of climate change, evidenced by increased temperatures and irregular and deficient rainfall, has collapsed the most vulnerable households' agricultural livelihoods in "El Corredor Seco" or dry corridor. This situation was aggravated by the presence of the El Niño phenomenon in 2015 and 2019. While La Niña GRC volunteers with local authorities conducting phenomenon during 2020 decreased temperatures and increase evacuations and damage assessments in Campur, San rainfall. Pedro Carchá, Alta Verapaz November 11. Source: GRC Description of the disaster On 31 October 2020, Hurricane Eta originated as a tropical wave in the eastern Caribbean Sea, intensifying to become a Category 4 hurricane, making landfall south of Puerto Cabezas, Nicaragua on November 4, weakening and becoming a tropical storm, but continuing to move west of Nicaragua toward Honduras. According to information issued by the National Institute of Seismology, Volcanology, Meteorology and Hydrology (INSIVUMEH), the cloud bands released by the tropical depression Eta entered Guatemala, generating accumulated rainfall that exceeded 200 millimeters in 24 hours, especially over the northern regions, the northern transverse strip, the Caribbean and the east of the country, putting lives at risk and causing considerable material damage. In the village of Quejá, San Cristobal Verapaz in the department of Alta Verapaz, a community was buried, leaving 8 people dead, 4 injured, and 88 disappeared in the Agua Caliente neighborhood. InCamotán, Chiquimula, by water saturation, a retaining wall collapsed and left at least 10 people buried. The government of Guatemala declared a State of Emergency in effect for 30 days in the 10 departments of Alta Verapaz, Izabal, Zacapa, Chiquimula, Petén, Quiché, Jutiapa, El Progreso and Santa Rosa, Huehuetenango. Almost two weeks after Hurricane Eta's impact, Hurricane Iota arrived in Nicaragua, passing through El Salvador as a tropical storm, degrading into a tropical depression while continuing its path westward to the Pacific Ocean. The rains associated with the tropical phenomena Eta and Iota caused damage and flooding in Guatemala, leaving the greatest impact on the departments of Izabal and Alta Verapaz. Many families suffered severe damage, and some communities remained inaccessible for weeks after the impact due to damage to the road network and floodwaters that did not recede. In some areas, water levels reached above two meters, others were covered in mud, tree branches and debris left by the mudslides. 1 UNDP. Human Development Report. IFRC Internal P a g e | 3 According to OCHA Guatemala situation report n°42, as of December 4, Alta Verapaz is the department with the highest number of shelters with 62,404, in 139 official shelters. It was reported that there were 15 shelters with more than 100 people. There were approximately 83 isolated communities in Panzós and 30 in Tucurú. Since the beginning of the emergency, 74 official shelters have been set up in Izabal. Currently, 45 remain active/operational and it is expected that by the end of December there will only be 14 shelters. There are 2,142 people (502 families) in official shelters and 60,165 people in unofficial shelters3. Summary of the current response Overview of Host National Society Response Action The Guatemalan Red Cross (GRC), in compliance with its role of assisting the public authorities in their humanitarian work, activated its Emergency Operations Center (EOC) at headquarters and activated its 20 delegations in response to Eta and later for the monitoring and response of Iota. A total of 300 volunteers, 15 ambulances, 7 boats, 2 trucks and a drone were deployed for the emergency response. Before the arrival of both hurricanes, GRC disseminated recommendations for preparedness through social media channels. In addition to continuing to support prevention, containment, and response actions for the COVID-19 emergency. During the first hours of the impacts, volunteers from the affected areas evacuated 691 people in collaboration with the national police in Alta Verapaz, Izabal, and Quiche. A Search and Rescue (SAR) team was also deployed from the GRC headquarters in Izabal. GRC developed a DREF PoA according to their Response Plan and as of November 25, up to 48 Damage and Needs Assessment (DANA) have been carried out in coordination with local authorities. In 21 shelters in the most affected departments, GRC is providing its services: 3,216 psychosocial support services such as psychological first aid, recreational games with children, establishment of norms of living have been provided, 1,672 pre-hospital care services as medical trauma and emergency care and 559 medical care services including diagnostic examination, general health check, direct medical care, 94 people resumed contact with their families through RFL services. GRC distributed 691 relief items such as blankets, cots, hygiene kits, water in bottles, kitchen sets and food kits that was pre-positioned to respond immediately in Alta Verapaz, Izabal, and Quiche. 2 Guatemala DT-TT Eta-Iota – OCHA Guatemala, SitRep #4 3 UN. Guatemala situation report n° 4. 4 December 2020 IFRC Internal P a g e | 4 The consolidated data of the services attended by the Guatemalan Red Cross can be consulted in this dashboard. Work is ongoing to improve the data gathering and systematization of the reporting within the GRC branches across the country. Overview of Red Cross Red Crescent Movement Actions in country The International Red Cross
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