- A- . WHITE WATER Sponsored by The American Whitewater Afiliation SPRING, 1968 Vol. XIII, No. 4 Contents ARTICLES The Robert Francis Kennedy ...... Bob Harrigan 3 American The Animas of Colorado ...... Bill Winn 4 Whitewater The World's (Onetime) Best Kayakers John D. Heath 7 The King Island Roll ...... John D. Heath 11 Affiliation Farmington Acrobatics ...... Bart Hauthaway 16 Board of Directors How Long Should Paddles Be? Stew Coffin 29 1968-69 DEPARTMENTS ROIASD W. nilvIs Berkeley, Calif. 94707 Letters ...... 2 Election Report ...... 27 Racing Report ...... 13 From Your Editor ...... 28 OSCAR IIAWKSLEY Route 5 Racing Schedule ...... 14 New Products ...... 30 \Varrensl~ur~,Mo. 64093 Conservation Comment 20 Safety as We See It 31 Secretary's Soapbox ...... 26 Affiliates Back Inside HAROLD KIEHM 2019 Addison St. and Outside Cover Chicago, Ill. 60618 ROBERT McNATR 32 Dartmouth Circle How to Write to American White Water Swarthmore, Pa. 19081 Please send only editorial matter to the Editors. Send all subscriptions, checks, changes of address and queries PETER D. WHITSEI' al:ont nou-receipt of copies to the Circulation Manager (address helow). 459 Sixty-sixth St. Send advertising matter and payments to the Business Manager, Oakland, Calif. 94609 or to the Advertising Manager nearest you (address below). THANK YOU. 1968 EDGAR ALESI\NDER Editor : Peter D. Whitney, 459 Sixty-sixth St., Oakland, Calif. 94609 6 Winslow Ave. East Brunsnick, N. J. 08816 Midwest Editor: Nancy C. Jack, 805 Sandusky Ave., Kansas City 1, Kans. Racing Editor : BART HAIJTIIAWAY Jay Evans, 201 McNutt Hall. Dartmouth Coll.. Hanover. N. H. 03755 640 Roston Post Rd. \Veston, Mass. 02193 I3;siness Manager : Charles Smith, 1760 Walnut St., Berkeley, Calif. 94709 Circulation Manager : ROBERT HARRIGAN George E. Larsen, 456 Hawthorne, San Bruno, Calif. 94066 51!3 Wehawken Rrl. Washmaton, I). C. 20016 Eastern Advertising : Mark Fawcett, Chadds Ford, Pa. Midwest Advertising : ANDRES PEEKNA Harry Kurshenhaum. 6719 N. Greenview Ave.. Chicazo 26. Illinois Dept. of Physics - Cnivers~tyof Wisconsin western Advertising : ' Madison, Wis. 53706 Henri F. Ehle, 3115 Etou Ave., Berkeley, Calif. 94705 American WHITE WATER is mailed to all members of the American Whitewater Affiliation in June, September, December and March. Mem- bership is open to all who are mterested in river sport, for the sum of 63.50 per year. Business Manager The magazine welcomes contributions of articles, photographs and CHARLES SMITH drawin s, but assumes no responsibility for them. Address all editorial 1760 Walnut St. mated to the Managing Editor or to the nearest Regional Editor. Berkeley 9, Calif. Correspondence regardmg the Affiliation or boating information should he sent to any member of the Board of Directors. Deadline for insertion of copy or advertising-first of month prior to month of issue. Printed in the United States of America Cover: Dominic Thomas, King Islander, demonstrates a dying skill. Photo by Bob and Ira Spring. Inside Front Cover (facing): Ron Mason in the canyon of the Animas River. Photo by Richard Barchet. 156 23rd March, 1968 signing their own craft, paddling their Dear Sir, own ways in their own style-but un- I read the letters and articles on less they bring to bear on it the intelli- safety in your last issue with great in- gence of McGregor they will not be SO terest. One has to keep hammering at successful and may even end up as a this subject, yet it can be boring and three-line paragraph in the daily pa- "un-newsworthy." For that reason pers. No, we should try to improve on alone, it may be of value to put another the deeds of our predecessors and as- pen to work. sociates in the sport by starting from When "Rob Roy" McGregor did his where they left off, by building on the canoeing in and from England last cen- experience gained through their errors tury he had a few small indulgences. and achievements. And this is where a Such as a launch following him and good club plays a vital role. having peasants at every stopping place Through the club (and the national to carry gear at his bidding (this re- association), we learn what is to date ferring to his trips on the Baltic and the easiest style of paddling, the latest the Nile). But he did his canoeing the accessories. We learn which is the best hard way in that it was a new sport boat for various water conditions, what with no precedents to guide him. Every waters suit our particular talents (as stroke took him into new and poten- distinct from preferences), and which tially dangerous waters. He had to find waters we should steer clear of. But out for himself how to react to various even more important, the good club water conditions and what improve- will advise on proper safety precau- ments could be made to his canoes. He tions and standards. It will pour scorn survived because he was an intelligent on the individual who, through bravado man who could and did bring that in- or stupidity, neglects these precautions. telligence to bear on the problems that We all know how hard it is to put up faced him. with mocking friends! Intelligence . . . obviously, the more My friends and I have had many you paddle, the stronger you will get, "mad" exploits -which seemed mad but unless you are consciously and ac- only to those who did not realise that tively aware of what you are trying to we had previously planned for every do and what conditions you are facing, eventuality. The pleasure, then, came this strength will be misapplied and in recognising the hazards when we may be detrimental to your comfort met them, and adopting the appropriate and safety. You should give the matter line of action. I am confident that this sufficient thought, that you may be is the policy of every responsible ca- competent to tackle the waters you are noeist, no matter in which country he on and those that you meet if you pur- may be active. sue any particular course. Competent! Yours sincerely, That is the vital word. I would define a Ian D. Pendleton competent paddler as one whose pad- 21 Windsor Road dling is instinctive yet whose apprecia- Clayton Bridge tion and anticipation of risks is based Manchester 10, England on intelligence and not on emotion. Reason shows that you should inves- (Ed note: "Roy Roy" used a craft that re- tigate hazards thoroughly before en- sembled a touring kayak. In British usage, gagement with them is inevitable. "canoe" stands for both "kaymk" and Canadian There are people who glory in retrac- canoe. Ian Pendleton is editor of our British ing the paths of our predecessors: de- contemporary, WHITE WATER.)

American WHITE WATER Senator Robert F. Kennedy before the 1967 Hudson River run. At left, Dave Binger [other Kennedy photos on page 19)

He asked what the river was like. I told him how the waters rushed through the gorge-the banks lined with natural hemlock and white cedar. He never asked if he would be equal to the task. He knew he was. He said of his wife and the children-in that funny clipped way of his- "We are participants, not spectators." He wanted to do everything man could do, and a good part of America was ready to follow where he went. I think of him whenever I think of the river-friendly yet remot~ach without question about a course, as though they both obeyed a force which told one to seek the sea and the other to lead his people. We spoke of how beautiful the river was. What difference does it make to you if you are the last generation to witness its untamed power? I pray to God it matters enough to the living. It never occurred to me that he could die. Nor could I foresee the aching emptiness of the place where he stood. Must we have martyrs and legends? Isn't a good and brave man enough? - Robert E. Harrigan

VOL. XI 11 / 4 3 The Animas of Colorado Pioneering the Narrow- Gazlge River By Bill Winn

The Animas River starts in the The book also describes the geology rugged San Juan mountains in South- of the area and its railroad and min- eastern Colorado and runs south into ing history. It has a profile of the rail- New Mexico, where it joins the San road grade, which is nearly identical to Juan River, which drains into the Colo- the river grade for the stretch that we rado River in Utah. About 10 miles kayaked. We started at an elevation of from its source, the Animas passes by 9280 feet above sea level at Silverton the old mining town of Silverton, Colo- and kayaked 25.6 miles downstream to rado, and then flows into a scenic can- an elevation of 7240 feet. The average yon which extends for 30 miles. The gradient was 80 feet per mile. last four miles of this canyon is a very The biggest difficulty in planning deep and narrow box canyon. Beyond our trip was in trying to predict when this the river flows into a broad valley would be the right water level. When which contains many farms and the Ron saw the river in 1966 from the town of Durango, Colorado. train the flow was 756 cubic feet per Our kayak trip started at Silverton second (cfs) at Durango. Although that and ended 26 miles downstream, where looked runnable, he thought the opti- the box canyon begins. This portion of mum would be between 850 and 1000 the river is familiar to many railroad cfs. Ordinarily, predicting the river enthusiasts. The Denver and Rio flow a week in advance can be done Grande-Western Railroad operates a with some confidence, but unusually narrow-gauge passenger train between rainy weather up to and during the Durango and Silverton during the sum- time of our trip made the run-off er- mer. The railroad parallels the river ratic. On June 12, 1967, the U. S. Geo- for the 26 miles which we kayaked, logical Survey office in Durango told and then veers away to find a better us that the flow at Durango was 1320 grade into the wide Durango valley. cfs and would probably fall to around Our interest in kayaking the Animas 600 cfs by the end of June. was aroused by Ron Mason, who saw it from the train in 1966 and told us of A Rising River its beautiful surroundings and its long With this information, we set June and exciting rapids. We were also at- 17 as a starting date and hoped for the tracted to it by the fact that it had not best. It turned out that the flow when yet been successfully run. we began our trip was 900 cfs-just A Rail-River Guide what we wanted-but it increased rap- Thanks to the popularity of the rail- idly due to rain. On the second day it road among summer tourists there is was 1100 cfs, on the third day 1300 cfs, some literature about the river which and on the fourth, 1440 cfs. We think is very useful to boaters. A recent book the rapids we encountered during the by Doris B. Osterwald (Cinders and last three days would have been easier Smoke, Union Printing and Publishing if the flow had remained steady at 900 Co., Denver, 1965, $2.00) gives the mile- cfs. ages along the railroad to various land- Three kayakers went on the trip: marks ,which are frequent. Silverton is Ron Mason and Jerry Klug from Den- at Mile 497.7 and Durango is at Mile ver, and myself, from Boulder. We 451.5; the numbers are large since Mile were accompanied by Ted Cannon, 0 is in Denver. The mileage posts are Richard Barchet, and Les Southern. sometimes visible from the river. Ted, a railroad enthusiast, rode the

American WHITE WATER Playing the Animas Rapids. Photos by Richard Barchet train from campsite to campsite with yon, we were told, where worms can our baggage, thus enabling us to camp be found. Ron tried fishing in the Ani- comfortably and yet keep our boats mas here but had no luck. We learned light and more maneuverable. Richard later that fishing in the main river is came along to watch birds, but spent not good until later in the summer, and most of his time beside the river tak- that Ron should have tried the side ing pictures of kayaking. He took most streams. A railroad man stationed at of the pictures which accompany this Elk Park caught about 10 good-sized article. Les was also taking pictures. trout in Elk Creek the day we were On Friday, June 16, Ted, Richard, there. and I rode the narrow-gauge train be- The most difficult rapids were in the tween Durango and Silverton to scout second leg of our trip, between Elk the river and make arrangements with Park and Needleton. We portaged a the conductor for carrying our baggage. rapid 2.5 miles below Elk Park and an- The Start at Silverton other one two miles below that. Aside The next day, Saturday morning, we from these portages, the rapids of this all met in Silverton, put the baggage stretch were class I11 and IV. The cold on the train with Ted, and started water temperature (typically 42•‹Fin the down the river. That day we went only morning and 48•‹Fin the late afternoon seven miles, stopping at Elk Park, during our trip) and the extraordinary which is the first scheduled train stop length of the rapids made them quite downstream from Silverton. This sec- difficult. Sometimes I think the word tion of river was easy, about class I11 "rapids," since it is plural, gives the on a scale of VI, but there were no wrong impression of the Animas. There stretches of flat, still water. We had to was only one rapid, but it extended the portage around a log which had fallen entire 26 miles. across the river. Needleton, our camping place the Elk Park is a beautiful grassy second night, is a scheduled train stop me ado^^ and the only place in the can- 6.5 miles below Elk Park and consists

VOL. XI11 /4 of a few unoccupied cabins, an unfin- opinion, these are the most enjoyable ished lodge, and a water tank for the on the river. train. Two More Portages We had planned to camp in some in- conspicuous place in the vicinity of the On the third day we portaged two Ah! Wilderness guest ranch, but the rapids-a long one which started at a owner, Ross McCausland, met us as we steel footbridge two miles downstream arrived and invited us to have dinner from Needleton, and a shorter one with him and to sleep in one of his about one mile farther downstream. cabins. We had a most enjoyable time The remaining rapids were about class that evening playing baseball and visit- I11 or IV. Again, however, they were ing with the guests and employees of difficult because of their length and the ranch. Ross, who had been in the the cold water. Just upstream of our area for more than 20 years, was able night's stop, the Ah! Wilderness guest to tell us as much of the local history ranch, the river passes through a nar- as we could absorb. He confirmed our row canyon and the rapids become belief that the river had not been deeper and the eddies larger. In our boated successfully before our trip. Marble-Sized Hail FREE CATALOG! The next morning a thunderstorm came up as we climbed into our kayaks at Ah! Wilderness. We first had a heavy rain and then hail. The hail- stones were marble size-large enough that we were glad we were wearing crash helmets - and so dense for a while that we couldn't see where to go. ULTRA- The hail and rain made us cold, and we LIGHT portaged a rapid that we otherwise would have run. OUTDOOR We stopped boating at the steel rail- road bridge (25.6 miles below Silver- GEAR ton) which crosses the river about the narrow, deep box canyon which I men- Tents - Featuring the Himalayan, tioned before. From that bridge we high-altitude model. carried our boats two miles to Rock- Packs - Including famous Controlled wood, where we met Ted, who had Weight Distribution designs. taken our baggage on the train back to Sleeping bags - Engineered for our cars at Silverton. total comfort. Thus ended a most enjoyable trip. Parkas - Warmth without weight. One question remains in our minds Accessories - Built light and rugged. and beckons us to return: What do the Mail coupon today for complete infor- rapids in the deep, narrow box canyon mation on the world's lightest, toughest, look like? Those which can be seen most compact outdoor gearl from the railroad tracks look either dif- ficult or impossible to run and, in either case, impossible to portage be- Colorado Outdoor Sports Corporation cause of the sheer rock walls on both Box 5544, Denver, Colo. 8021 7 sides of the river. The rapids farther Please rush me your new 1967-68 Catalog. down the box canyon, which cannot be seen from the tracks, must be worse Name since the U. S. Geological Survey topo- graphic map of that area shows that Address the gradient there rises to about 250 feet per mile. Some day we will return City State-ip- to see those rapids when we are in the mood for hiking rather than boating.

American WHITE WATER The World's (Onetime) Best Eskimo Kaydkers of King Island

By John D. Heath

"Long experience at plunging through surf tcith their handsomely made kayaks, and retum- ing to land on the~eperilous shores of King's Island, has made the Ookizwk people the boldest and best zuaternzen in the north." Henry W. Elliott

My informant was Leo Kunnuk, a miut moved to King Island Village, on King Island Eskimo man in his early the outskirts of Nome, so that their sixties. I was particularly interested in children could attend public school. Leo because he was one of the few re- Traditionally, the King Island Eski- maining King Islanders who knew how mos have been expert kayak builders to right a capsized kayak with his pad- and users. There were no beaches on dle. As a student of Eskimo kayaks, I the island; in order to embark when seek out such men, then try to absorb the breakers were heavy, it was neces- and record as much information as pos- sary for a man to get into his kayak on sible, for when their generation goes, the rocks, fasten his ee-mahn-ee-tik, virtually all first-hand knowledge of or walrus-gut parka, around the cock- traditional kayaking in Alaska will be pit rim, then be picked up-kayak and lost forever. all-by three or four men, and thrown So it was that Leo. as mv auest in into the sea. Seattle, carefully led me ihhrough a The Kayak step-by-step explanation of the kink- Hunting in the stormy seas and drift- nah-war-hahk, or King Island roll. Us- ing ice floes of the Bering Sea required ing a broom for a paddle, I stood be- a rugged craft, and the outstanding hind Leo, who used a dust mop for his characteristics of the King Island kay- paddle, and followed his every move. ak were those of strength and seawor- Yet as I watched Leo go through his thiness. The framework was made from demonstration, my thoughts were not carefully selected driftwood, which had only on him, but on the centuries of to be straight-grained and free of kayaking experience that was his knots. The gunwales were carefully heritage. matched, so that thev would assume The Heritage a symmetrical shape "when bent. Na- The King Islanders, or Ooky-oo-vung- tural crooks were used for the ten miut as they call themselves, formerly curved thwarts and the upturned stem lived on Ooky-00-vuk, a small, precipi- piece. From 24 to 30 ribs were usually tous island located just south of Bering required; these were split out of a birch Strait, some 30 miles off the Alaska log and bent by steaming. A keelson coast. It was discovered in 1778 by Cap- and eight longitudinal stringers were tain James Cook, who named it King's lashed to the ribs. The cockpit hoop, Island, but usage has since dropped the made of willow, formed an integral "s. 9, The island rises several hundred part of the framework structure. feet above the sea and commands an Each kayak was tailored anthropo- excellent view of the surrounding metrically to the builder. This measur- waters, hence was an ideal home for ing system was common among Eski- Eskimo seal and walrus hunters. In mos; the measuring units varied ac- 1966, however, all of the Ooky-oo-vung- cording to region and type of kayak,

VOL. XI11 /4 Dominic Thomas demonstrates double paddle. but everywhere the system had the ad- not very durable, and the kayaks had vantage that the finished product auto- to be re-skinned each year. Also, the matically fit the builder. At King Is- small size of these skins meant that land the gunwales were 2% armspans many would be required, which meant long. The stem piece, which was more seams to leak or tear. The King notched on top to receive the fore end Islanders were blessed with an abun- of the gunwales, was as long as the dis- dance of walrus (a-vik) and the large tance from the elbow to the tips of the bearded seal (oogruk), and they used outstretched fingers. Thus the over-all one of each for their kayaks, resulting length of a typical King Island kayak in only one transverse seam. The was the sum of the gunwales, plus the bearded seal skin covered the forward stem piece, minus say, 6 inches overlap third of the kayak, and the walrus skin of these parts, or a total of about 15 -split to make it thin enough-covered feet. The two middle thwarts were as the rest. Such a covering would with- long as an arm including the out- stand two years of hard service. stretched fingers, giving an average The completed kayak had a steeply beam of about 25 inches. However, the ridged deck, level except for an up- sides flared in to give a waterline beam turned stem and a sloping stern. The of only about 18 inches. gunwales had a slight reverse sheer, An unusual feature of the King Is- which gave good stability in the heeled land kayak was its skin covering. Many position. This, plus a sharply ridged other Eskimos had to use the skins of deck and a cockpit freeboard of about the small ringed seal for covering their 10 inches, made spray protection un- kayaks. These skins were thin, hence necessary under most conditions. The

American WHITE WATER (who furnished most of the construc- tion details given here), could remem- ber no craft of these lines during their lifetimes. They said that, within their memory, the Bering Sea has become rougher, and since the newer type would would be a better rough-sea kayak, it is possible that it was devel- oped for this reason. Using the Kayak When the ice began to break up in the spring, the kayak was carried on a small sled to open water, then the sled was put on the afterdeck and the kayak was used in the normal manner. This procedure was repeated when ice floes were encountered, and it was an im- portant factor in the evolution of Ber- ing Sea kayaks, for the frequent haul- ing out and dragging necessitated handgrips at the bow and sometimes at the stern. When the kayak was on its sled, the bow handgrip was at a con- venient height to be grasped for drag- ging. The frequent getting in and out was also a reason for the relatively large cockpits used in all Bering Sea kayaks. For most h add line. the ahnn-oon. or single-bladed paddle; was use;. It &as important that the ahng-om be just the right length; otherwise, it would tire a -. man too quickly. When held across the Frame of a King Island kayak chest with outstretched arms, the ahng- bottom was straight for most of its oon should be exactly long enough for length, curving upward at the bow. A the fingers, bent at the second joint, to handhold was built into the bow, and curl around each end of it. some kayaks had a projecting grip at For fast travel, the pah-o-tik, or dou- the stern. ble-bladed paddle, might be used. It The above description applies to was 1% armspans in length, with short, King Island kayaks of the last several narrow blades. However, the King Is- decades. An older form of kayak, landers, as did most Bering Sea Es- ascribed to King Island and similar to kimos, definitely preferred the single those of today except for more rocker blade, particularly when the sea was and a thinner forefoot, is shown in Fig- rough. To use a double-bladed paddle ure 181 of The Bark Canoe and Skin in deep kayaks was tiring, because the Boats of North America, by Adney and elbows had to be held higher than their Chapelle. I have examined this speci- natural position. Yet a deep kayak was men at the U. S. National Museum, and essential for their hunting conditions; similar specimens at the National Mu- they sometimes butchered their game seum of Canada, the Heye Foundation on the ice floes and stowed the meat Annex in New York, and the Robert H. forward and aft inside the kayak. Lowie Museum in Berkeley, California. When paddling, a King Islander sat All specimens were similar to the pres- in the middle of the cockpit, so that his ent-day King Island type, but Frank back was unsupported. His flexed knees Ellanna and Charles Mayac, expert hooked under the first thwart forward kayak builders in their early sixties of the cockpit, so that kayak and man

VOL. XI11 /4 Aloysius Pikongonna with the single blade. Photos by Bob and Ira Spring were as one. His hips rested directly was used, because heavy seas and vio- on the framework in the bottom of the lent storms could be expected. cockpit, and when the male oogruk When hunting walrus or seals, the called to its mate deep beneath him, King Islander carried on his foredeck a the vibrations, transmitted through the boathook (nee-u-soon), spare single- water, tickled his behind. Thus the bladed paddle (ahng-oon), harpoon line King Islander was snug in his kayak, tray (ah-zah-lewk) and either a heavy yet in close communion with the sea. harpoon (00-nahk) or a medium har- The Purpose poon (tee-me-uh-ah-tahk). The latter The kayak was primarily a hunting was primarily for winter use on the implement; its purpose was to get a ice, but it could also be used with the man within harpooning range of a sea kayak. In the accompanying photo- mammal. At King Island the kayak was graphs, Aloysius Pikongonna has an used from April to December; the sea 00-nahk, and Dominic Thomas has a was frozen over the remainder of the tee-me-uh-ah-tahk. A harpoon line year. From April to June it was used (eye-lek) ran from the harpoon head for hunting walrus as they drifted on to a coil in the line tray and thence the ice floes. During the summer it under the hunter's right arm to a float could be used for fishing or incidental (ah-wah-tahk) of inflated seal skin on hunting. However, since the turn of the afterdeck. Under the foredeck, the century, the King Islanders have within easy reach, was carried a gun. spent their summers in Nome, and the When the quarry was sighted, the use of kayaks has been limited to the hunter stalked it to within firing range, spring and fall. From October to De- then shot it and paddled rapidly to cember, the kayak was used for hunt- within about 20 feet before throwing ing oogruk and other seals. This was his harpoon. Immediately after throw- the season when the walrus-gut parka ing the harpoon, the hunter threw his

10 American WHITE WATER (NOW TURN TNE PAGE VPS/DE DOWN)

VOL. XI11 /4 11 float overboard; its drag would tire a face the risk of running out of water wounded animal, or keep a dead one by letting the working blade sink too from sinking. deep, this one starts out with things Before guns came into use, the har- at their worst and gets better as it goes poon had to be used for the initial hit. along. This required much more skill in stalk- Another unusual element of this roll ing and it was far more dangerous for was the initial sweep. After capsizing- the hunter, but it had the advantage which, Leo emphasized, was always to- that few wounded animals escaped or ward the paddler's right-hand side- were lost through sinking. A genera- the paddle blade would be at a right tion ago, the gun replaced the bird angle to the kayak on his left-hand dart (noo-git) and its throwing stick side. His first sweep was forward and (nok-wk), in the hunting of water- toward the kayak, so that the paddle fowl from the kayak. blade crossed the foredeck as it made a Two kayaks were often lashed to- climbing arc toward the surface on the gether to form a catamaran (kay-luk- opposite side. It finished at a point be- me-eek) for fishing or carrying cargo. hind the paddler near the surface on This was the common method of carry- the opposite side, after traveling ing trade goods out to the icebreakers through a sweeping arc of about 225 and Coast Guard cutters when they degrees. The remainder of the roll, con- visited the island. sisting of a 90-degree forward sweep Surviving a Capsize followed by a downward draw, was The Bering Sea is notorious for its similar to the finish of the Greenland sudden, violent storms, and the har- reverse sweep method, which recrea- pooning of walrus was dangerous; these tional paddlers know as the Steyr roll. and other situations could lead to a The King Island roll seems complex capsize. If a man could not right him- at first, but once the fundamental self with his paddle, he might still sur- stroke is memorized and the blade vive a capsize by crawling up inside planing angle is adjusted to the speed his kayak and waiting for help. He was of the individual paddler, the merits of safer there than out in the icy water, the method become apparent. It is a particularly if a wounded walrus was useful roll for exhausted paddlers, be- nearby. cause it spreads the righting effort over The quickest and best method of sur- greater time and distance than most vival, of course, was to right himself methods. And after mastering this roll, with his paddle. The King Islanders al- one need no longer fear getting caught ways used the single-bladed paddle for with the paddle deep in the water after rolling. As a matter of fact, all of the a capsize. Alaska methods of rolling I have The End of an Era learned so far are done with the single- Today, there are only two or three bladed paddle, and this includes a kayaks left among the King Islanders, method from Kotzebue Sound, where and these are used mainly for demon- the double blade is -preferred for most strations to tourists. Sea mammal hunt- paddling. ing is done from open boats equipped Certain elements of the Kine Island with outboard motors, by hunters us- roll make it one of the most inGresting ing high velocity rifles. of all methods. To keep the paddle Some ninety miles from present-day from being accidentally forced out of King Island village, a mist-shrouded, position during the capsize, it is held deserted island guards the southern ap- so that it enters the water along its proach to Bering Strait. For countless axis, handle first. When completely centuries it was the home of some of capsized, ready to begin the recovery, the best kayak men in the world. Now the paddler has his arms extended deep it stands as a monument to an era that in the water below his head, holding will soon be gone forever. the paddle horizontally about three feet below the surface. Thus, unlike Renew Now for 1968-69 rolling methods that begin the recov- (Note New Circulation Address) ery with the paddle on the surface and Use Zip Code!

American WHITE WATER Wick Walker in the Dartmouth pool RACING REPORT By Jay Evans Racing Editor The growth of indoor pool training more. The object of the game, usually activity during the off season has been played with three boats on a side, is to truly phenomenal. People have been pass or bat the ball with paddle past working out in the Washington, D. C. opponents and through a goal at the area, New York, at the University of opposite end of the pool. The Ledyard Wisconsin pool, Middlebury, Denver, Canoe Club has, as a public service, University of Vermont, Harvard, Kim- and for the physical protection of its ball Union Academy, Cornell, and own players and boats, drawn up a set many others. The Ledyard Canoe Club of rules to help bring a little order out of Dartmouth, in response to popular of the chaos that can easily result when demand, stepped up its training ses- two or more boats are closing in on a tions from two to three nights per week ball. These rules are included in the and have completed over 60 hours of fourth edition of Fundamentals of Kay- pool training by March 1. Best known aking available from the AWA Book English Gate time of the year: 74.9; Service, 6 Winslow Ave., East Bruns- best known double English Gate: 155.5. wick, N. J. 06816, or from the Ledyard And now it's KAYAK POLO! An- Canoe Club ($3.00). other new development is the spread of kayak polo from Colorado to the Pa- cific Northwest and to New England. Renew Now for 1968-69 This exciting game offers all the thrills (Note New Circulation Address) of field hockey, soccer and lacrosse and Use Zip Code! ------1968 Racing Schedule 17-1%-MERAMEC SIALOM, NATIOKAL International POLING CB[AMPIONSHIPS June 22-23-Slalom/Wild-Water, Muota Valley, Ron Kloepper., 4071 Gravois St., St. Louis, Mo. 24-25-~ruckee River Slalom Walter Harvest, 3976 East Ave., Hayward, Calif. 24-25-Peterborough Slalom Erich Proehl, 54 Caledon, Peel Village, Bramton, Ontario 24-25--Cohasset Q'-'--.,..,L".LL KC, I. ldlll.C August 17-18~-Slalom/Wild-Water, Innshruck, John Penn~?11, Poor Farm Rd., Harvard, Mass. Austria September United States 7-8-Yough River Slalom (Expert) Rosemary Bridge. 8-A Ridge Rd., Greenhelt, Md. July 6-7-Klamath River Slalom 14-15-Elora George Slalom and Scott Fleming, 2750 Shasta Rd., Berkeley, Calif. Wildwater Race (Intermediate) 13-14-NATIONAL KAYAK SLALOM CHAM- Barry Rridgley, 73 Kohert St., Weston, Ontario PIOSSHIPS (expert) Ruena Vista, Colorado 14-15-Androscog~in Slalom (Intermediate) Tom Cooper, 400 Garfield St., Denver, Colo. Tohn Wilson. Lancaster. N. H. 12-13-South Fork Slalom and Wildwater Race 28-28-Oneonta ~laiom(~ntermediate) (Intermediate) John Cook, Jr., 62 Main St., Unadilla, X. Y. John Woll, 1826 E. Hamlin St., Seattle, Wash. 29--Frostbite Slalom (Beginner) 20-21-Androscogg~n Canoe Weekend Jay Evans, 201 McXutt, Hanover, N. H. John Wilson, Lancaster, N. H. August October 3-4-PACIFIC DIVISION SLALOM 4-6-St. Croix Slalom (Intermediate) CHAMPIONSHIPS ; Feather River, Calif. Rob Hnug, 5222 34th Ave., So. Minneapolis, Minn. Harry Xed, 15246 Via Lomita, Los Gatos, Calif. 13-Windham College Slalom (Intermediate) 13-14-NORTHWEST DIVISION SLALOM To Trotta. Windham Collene. Putnev.. . Vermont CHAMPIOXSHIPS, Stillaquamish R. 19-2bRellefokte Slalom (~eiinner) A1 Zob, Shorewood Apa., 9050 E. Dave Kurtz, 623 W. College Ave. Shorewood. Dr.. Mercer Island. Wash. State College, Pa. Race Results National Canoe Slalom Championship C-1 West River, Jamaica, Vt. John Sweet ...... 29:24.5 May 11, 12, 1968 John Burton ...... 29:31.0 C-1 R. Waldrup ...... 29:50.0 Wick Walker ...... 556.4 C-2 John Sweet ...... 567.7 H~mmel-Br~son...... 29:01.7 Dave Kurtz ...... 621.0 Heinzerling-Osborne ...... 29:03.4 C-2 Church-Bliss ...... 29:09.7 Kurtz-Bechdel ...... 453.0 C-2M ~~b~~~~-~~i~~~~li~~...... 618.8 Fawcett-Gruss ...... 29: 12.5 Raleigh-Connett ...... 620.0 Lewis-Turner ...... 29:20.8 ...... C-2M Wright-Leibman . . m io30:03.0nshi Bridge-Southworth ...... 544.3 Eastern Kayak Slalom Cha p p Turner-Lewis ...... 639.0 West River, Jamaica, Vt. Fawcett-Gruss ...... 704.8 May 11, 12, 1968 K-1 National Kayak and Canoe Dwight Campbell ...... 346.1 Wildwater Championships Jim Stuart ...... 413.8 Esopus River, N. Y. Les Bechdel ...... 484.3 June 1-2, 1968 K-1 Dave Nutt ...... 26:30.3 HAUTHAWAY KAYAKS Tom Johnson ...... 26:47.2 640 Boston Post Rd. John Evans ...... 26:58.0 Weston, Mass. 021 93 K-1W Touring, Slalom, Downriver and Junior Models Tammy DeBord ...... 29:29.0 Paddles Spray Covers Life Vests Peggy Nutt ...... 29:50.5 Flotation Bags Canoe Paddles Nancy Southworth ...... 30:38.2

14 American WHITE WATER K-1W K-1 Jan Binger ...... 701.0 J. Evans ...... 180.7 Tammy DeBord ...... 773.5 D. Nutt ...... 188.1 Nancy Southworth 785. 6 J. Burton ...... West River Wildwater Race K-1W May 12. 1968 N. Southworth ...... 267.2 K-1 P. Nutt ...... 356.4 H. Kerchoff ...... 25.10 P. Coleman ...... 374.9 D. Nutt 25.26 C-1 J. Knight ...... 25.40 W. Walker ...... 189.3 C-1 J. Burton ...... 199.6 B. Bickham ...... 27.35 T. Southworth ...... 210.0 A. Chase ...... 27.45 C-2 J. Burton ...... 27.47 Walker-Southworth ...... 166.4 C-2 Bliss-Church ...... 208.0 I . Connet-Raleigh ...... 26.39 Burton-Davidson ...... 399.8 Poenn-Leinweber ...... 26.44 C-2M Church-Bliss ...... 26.51 Teeter-Connet ...... 269.1 C-2M Southworth-Southworth ...... 301.4 Fawcett-Gruss ...... 26.45 Point Scoring for Eastern Division Turner-Lewis ...... 27.08 Team Championship Leibman-Wright ...... 28.38 Red Moshannon Wildwater Race Ledyard C. C. of (Dartmouth) .... 24.5 March 31. 1968 Cochituate C. C...... 15.5 University of Vermont ...... 8.0 K-1 M. I. T ...... 5.0 H. Kerckhoff ...... 49:21 Harvard ...... 4.0 E Maschek ...... ~ ...... ~ ...... 53:36 . Middlebury ...... 3.0 L Bechdel ...... 55:54 . Mt Holyoke ...... 1.0 C- 2 . J. Bryson-J. Hummel ...... 59:12 Salmon River, Conn. A. Sundin-H. Sundin ...... 62:09 Whitewater Slalom C-2M March 23-24, 1968 G. Guss.M . Fawcett ...... 59:15 K-1 L. Wright.P . Liebman ...... 60:05 Tom Wilson ...... 138.8 G. J0hnson.L . Johnson ...... 60:36 Bart Hauthawas ...... 147.8 K-1W Charles ~ichardson ...... M. Teeter ...... 61:37 K-1W N. Jenkins ...... 62:57 Nancy Southworth ...... 193.2 C-1 Cathy Dugan ...... 228.8

W. Bickham ...... ~ ...... 60: 10 Barbie Newhall ...... 681.2

J. Monahan ...... ~ ...... 62:38 C-1 T. Martin .... 65:06 Tom Southworth ...... 147.8 Eastern Division Slalom Championships D. Joffray ...... 156.0 Farmington River S. Feldman ...... 222.7 April 13-14 Continued on Page 18

On following page: Eric Evans is doing this on purpose. Farmington River. Conn. * Photo by Bart Hauthaway

KLEPPER FOLDING BOATS CANOE OLD TOWN CANOES KAYAKS SAIL BOATS STEWART T. COFFIN I I Write for catalogs I I RFD 1. Old Sudbury Rd. I CLYDE R SEELINGER . Lincoln. Mass. 01 773 I Dept . AW. 21 11 Erie. North K. C., Mo. 641 16 I I

VOL. XI11 /4 15

C-2 C-2M Whitney-Oh1 ...... 275.6 Sweet-Shuster ...... 532.3 Mattison-Griggs ...... DNF Fawcett-Gruss ...... 644.3 C- 2M Turner-Lewis ...... 699.3 Faldman-Feldman ...... 251.0 Petersburg Slalom Feldman-Wareham ...... 282.2 April 7, 1968 Hanson-Hanson ...... 376.0 K-1 Brandywine Slalom L. Bechdel ...... 177.3 April 20. 21. 1968 J. Stuart ..... ~...... 214.7 D. Henry ...... 307.4 K-1 K-1W J. Hummel ...... 397.6 G. Gruss ...... 451.2 ...... N. Smith 407.0 B. Snyder ...... 791.7 J Frost ...... 410.2 . L. Holcolmbe ...... 828.6 K-1W C-2 L. Ashton .. 475.4 Sweet-Bickham ...... 282.1 G. Gruss ...... 588.0 RaleighlConnet ...... 290.3

N. Jenkins ...... ~ 615.2 Ponton-Lenkert ...... 335.1 C-2 C-2M PontOn-Lemkerd ...... 389. Fawcett-Gruss ...... 317.6 Lewis-Lewis ...... 399.8 ~~~~~t-~~~~~t...... 349.3 Hager-Holcombe ..... 437.2 sweet-shuster ...... 420.2 C-2M C-1 Lewis-Tmw 416.4 J. Sweet ...... 218.6 Gruss-Fawcett ...... 417.0 J. Holcolmbe ...... 305.7 Sweet-Shuster ...... 421.6 B. Bickham ...... 324.0 C-1 Sauk River Slalom J ...... Sweet 304.4 Washington B. Bickham ...... 338.4 April 27, 1968 D. Kurtz ...... 383.0 K-1 Loy alsoek Slalom A1 Zob ...... 148.0 April 27, 28, 1968 Tom Derrer ...... 151.0 K-1 Ron Bohlender ...... 166.0 D. Leinweber ...... 440.5 K-1W

L. Bechdel ...... 449.8 Jo Yount ...... ~ ...... 332.9 J. Burton ...... 465.0 Yvonne Derrer ...... 344.6 K-1W C-1

L . Ashton ...... ~ ...... 818.6 Rick Rigg ...... 191.2

M. Teeter 1003.6 A1 Zob ... ~ ...... 208.2

P. Ganser .... ~ ...... 1156.8 Elrich Ganz ...... 351.2 C-1 C-2 J. Sweet 426.6 Yount-Burlingame ...... 321.0 D. Kurtz 500.7 Rigg-Ganz 240.5

B. Bickham ...... ~ ...... 508.9 Woll-Norton ...... 345.8 C-2 C-2M Raleigh-Connet ...... 527.0 Zob-Zob ...... 203.1 Bechdel-Kurtz ...... 576.2 Burlingame-Burlingame ...... 437.4 Hager-Holcombe ...... 586.9 Yount-Yount ...... 724.3

1 "MENDESTA" I I Grand Canyon Expeditions I The ULTIMATE in River and Trail Trips WHITEWATER BOATS P. 0. Box 261 (A) Box 675. Kernville. Calif. 93238 Park City. Utah 84060

18 American WHITE WATER aoove, aenator Kennedy in a Hudson rapid. Below some of his family. Conservation Comment

broad back-even if it does belong to the Secretary of the Interior? Oh why, oh why had I decided to entice him out of a safe rubber raft into my Ber- rigan canoe? The thoughts of 73 peo- ple, including Senator Robert Kennedy, the intrepid Mrs. Kennedy, their chil- dren, the news media and many mem- bers of the boating fraternity seeing a wallowing upset canoe with a member of the President's Cabinet and the trip leader clinging to it was just too much to bear. I had to sto~askina myself. "How did I get here?"- he shaiion 'called for every bit of skill and determination I possessed. In a blur of action I can re- member the pain of a draw stroke which pulled a canoe completely on its side back to an even keel. Then there was the panic brace to keep from go- ing over on the opposite side. My bow- man had become a passenger, coolly gripping the cockpit coaming, riding out the white water assured that his By Robert Harrigan "expert" sternman knew what he was It began to dawn on me that I had about. My thoughts were only for the bitten off more than I could chew. It finish of this cursed rapid. Thank God, had looked like a fun rapid from above. not all my strength had disappeared Reflected sunlight sparkled off me- over the years. We were still afloat at dium-sized waves. John Berry, my the bottom, I'm convinced, only be- bowman on countless trips, and I had cause of the same kind of luck that run it in much higher water several might let a man survive a ride over years ago. My recollection was of a long Niagara Falls in a barrel. rapid, possibly a mile of continuous The question, "How did I get here?" action, a few low ledges, some boul- comes back to me again. Thinking back ders, but plenty of room to maneuver. I can say that my participation in the The Upper Hudson in New York had May, 1967, trip on the Hudson came seemed like an exuberant friend when from a number of causes. Like lots of I had reached this rapid on my previ- people, I am unashamed of my excite- ous trip. Now, what had been a delight ment and thrill at being with some of before, was about to turn into a disas- the great personalities of our time- ter of embarrassing and possibly pain- even if only because I can paddle a ful proportions. A grim and cruel river canoe. But apart from the ham in my appeared intent on upsetting me. soul that makes me enjoy being near How Did I Get Here? the limelight, I've been inspired to pro- A worried glance at my bowman re- mote or assist in outings like this one vealed no information as to his con- because I have found that they are a cern or distress. But then how much means of helping to preserve the out- can you tell from an expressionless door places I cherish which would 0th-

American WHITE WATER Bob Harrigan with the Secretary of the Interior at bow erwise soon disappear under man-made conservation and that you can be the "improvements." source of either favorable or unfavor- I'd like to share with you some of able publicity for them. the successful techniques which are be- Conservation Begins ing used by amateurs like ourselves in With an Individual Who Cares the field of conservation. They are by To me, conservation begins with the no means original with me or even the individual. No preservation will be pos- organizations to which I belong. Nor sible without man's reaction to the land are these methods the only effective and the water, whether it be atavistic, ones being used. However, we have intellectual, spiritual or otherwise. If found some modes of conservation ac- men love their natural environment, tion which are uniquely adapted to use some small corner of the earth may by outdoorsmen who are willing, if remain unchanged. necessary, to prepare testimony and The threat to some unspoiled area write letters and give speeches -but by, say, a dam or a highway, an air- are probably most effective when they port, or a collection of cottages, stores, are doing what they enjoy most-being and beer joints is too personal a loss to in the out of doors and showing others endure without a struggle. To continue what they have found there. unthinkingly to enjoy a favorite haunt Perhaps the two main guidelines I until the day it is despoiled, is to my would suggest for the outdoorsman way of thinking now but a form of ex- turned conservationst would be: 1) Get ploitation of the most callous sort. together with others who believe as The unspoiled country is fast disap- you do-find out who and where your pearing under the press of population. friends are and work with them; and An affluent society with an increasing 2) call attention to yourselves and what amount of leisure time is ranging out you do. Let officials know that you are to fish, hike, hunt, rock-climb, canoe, or a force to be reckoned with, that you just loaf in the sun. Entire communities are politically active, that you are are being built in some of the most at- watching what they do in the field of tractive natural settings to be found.

VOL. XI11 / 4 Their sales literature lures the pros- might reveal that the same area is used pective buyer with scenes of the great by fishermen, hunters, rock-climbers, outdoors. Such resorts have a place in hikers, canoeists, bird-watchers, skiers, the over-all scheme of things. But there cave-explorers and others. All of these should be an ever-increasing number recreationists will be as concerned as of places under public ownership that you are about a proposed dam, high- are able to remain basically undevel- way or commercial development. If oped. These should be acquired at a you bother to get in touch with some much faster pace now than in the past. of them you will often find that they This is particularly true in the East belong to some organization. It might where such a tremendous crush of pop- be the Izaak Walton League, the Ap- ulation exists. Without a certain range palachian Mountain Club, the Sierra or expanse, the possibility of a moving Club, the Audubon Society, the Ameri- outdoor experience is very limited. can Canoe Association, the National You Are Not Alone Speleological Society or some local or- Personal feelings concerning the ganization. Here lies a chance to spread threat to treasured outdoor areas, un- news of impending danger, to discuss less communicated to others and acted possible solutions, and to work toward upon, only lead to frustrations. You some coordinated effort. Every organi- have to find others who feel as you do, zation has some kind of newsletter and or others who can be convinced to most hold periodic meetings. Depend- share your ideas, before any saving or ing on what is at stake and how well conservation can be accomplished. you sell your cause, you may be able Many times a natural setting is enjoyed to have an article placed in these news- by many more people than you might letters, or be invited to meetings as a realize. While you participate in one or guest speaker. two outdoor recreational pastimes in a As an expression of concern or an- favorite retreat, some investigation tipathy towards a development begin-

CLASSIC RIVER TRIPS

by

THE MOST EXPERIENCED RIVER GUIDE

In 1968, as for many years, we of Hatch River Expeditions expect to be conducting tours on literally dozens of rivers throughout the North American continent. We welcome canoeists and kayakers; we operate by charter, by scheduled tours -you name it. We'll run it!

Don't Travel Second Class - Join HATCH RIVER EXPEDITIONS 41 1 E. 2nd North Vernal, Utah

22 American WHITE WATER ning to take shape, it must focus on a an excellent and simple way to draw positive outlook toward the "establish- attention to the need to protect a valu- ment"-usually a local or Federal gov- able piece of countryside. White-water ernment body that can make changes. canoe races have been very successful Elected officials are usually sensitive in bringing before the public the ex- to the attitudes of their constituencies, citement and adventure of the nation's particularly around election time. State many beautiful wild rivers. The an- Senators, Representatives, Mayors, nual Potomac River White Water Race State Department of Natural Resource near Washington, D. C. has been dram- officials, and others can be extremely atizing the beauty of the river since helpful. 1956. Petersburg, West Virginia, now has an annual white-water week end This is particularly true if the local which draws tourists and celebrities populace is in agreement with your and calls attention to the beauties of viewpoint. Unfortunately, this isn't al- the North Fork. ways so. In cases where the local in- habitants and those seeking outdoor Set the Stage for the Decision-Makers recreation don't see eye to eye, some- With certain of these events it is de- times a sincere and reasonable public sirable and appropriate to hold an eve- relations campaign using a network of ning meeting which brings together the friends and personal acquaintances can dam builders, the highway planners, uncover latent conservation support the resort operators, the local inhabi- and help to take the teeth out of the tants, the politicians and you, the con- opposition. Sometimes support will servationist and user of the area in have to be found in the urban areas question. It is important that an atmos- where the users reside. It may be that of mutual trust prevail and that the a case must be made on the basis of the meeting not be allowed to degenerate growing need for open spaces to serve into an ugly demonstration of preju- the great centers of population. Don't dices. I've never seen this happen, be- forget, as you state your case, that you cause usually everyone wants to put are not speaking for yourself alone, but also for future generations. The Conservation Shindig Perhaps one of the most effective WHITE-WATER ways to get people to rally around the flag is to hold some kind of outdoor event. Dramatize it by timing it with Buy Them Through AWA some pending legislation such as a con- Bookseller's profit goes to the servation measure or a plan for unde- Afiliation's fund for proiects like sirable development which must be Guidebooks, etc. stopped. The best kind of event is one which involves all the users of the area. Available: This can be a sort of outdoor jamboree "White-Water Sport," with scheduled hikes, visits to caves, by Peter Whitney $4.00 bird banding exhibitions, bicycle "Fundamentals of Kayaking- " sprints, rock climbing, canoe or raft (Fourth ~ditionj river cruises and other activities which you have enthusiastic people to con- by Jay Evans $3.00 duct. Sure, it takes a lot of work, but it "The Exploration of the is surprising to see how many people Colorado River," are willing to shoulder the load, if they Major Powell's diaries $3.75 can participate in a favorite activity and demonstrate their particular ex- Send orders, with checks made out to pertise. A WAGuidebooks Committee, to: ED ALEXANDER These jamborees can be elaborate 6 Winslow Ave week-end events or simpler short ex- East Brunswick, N. J. 08816 cursions. A well-publicized hike invit- Books will be sent Postpaid. No COD'S. ing everyone who is interested can be

VOL. XI11 / 4 makers know what an important seg- ment of the people want. This is a more positive thing to do, in my opinion, than simply protesting. Try to get the officials concerned out into the area you are talking about by foot, by ca- noe, by raft. Give the area a chance to impress those you want to convince. Be prepared to take into account the need for certain areas for mass recrea- tion. Not every area needs formal wil- derness status for its wreservation. You must take the troubie to become in- formed and to work with those who a have experience and expertise- in the field of conservation. Then too, a lot of preserving should take place before any serious threat is imminent. Let's get the Upper Hudson or the Salmon recognized as streams worth saving as they are right now. Why wait to fight for them until after a dam or highways or vacation homes have been planned? Follow Your Leaders and Vice Versa No better atmosphere has existed in For years Klepper has been this country since Theodore Roosevelt's headquarters for the nation's time for the preservation of America's natural heritage. The President of the most complete selections of United States and Mrs. Johnson have white-water kayaks - both fibre identified themselves personally with glass and Foldaway types. . . the cause of making and keeping the country beautiful. Never before have Klepper has also specialized we had a Secretary of the Interior so actively concerned and involved in the in racing boats of extreme de- creation of new parks, water and air sign-for advanced white-water pollution abatement, the designation of competion. These include the lat- wilderness areas. He's a white-water enthusiast who lets out a wild whoop est championship models, such when he comes to one of those Class as SL 5, Mick and Spider. . . IV rapids we love so well. We have seen a new burst of Congressional ac- Write for FREE Color Catalog WW12 tivity in the field of legislation to pro- tect open spaces and abate air- and HANS KLEPPER CORP. water-pollution. Every day we read in 35 Union Square West, the press of new awareness of conser- New York, N. Y., 10003 vation problems and new action. The receptivity of the press to news of pending conservation or outdoor rec-

American WHITE WATER reation activity is excellent now. You National Slalom Championships on the can take advantage of this by inviting West River for several years. The peo- one of your Congressmen or other of- ple of Petersburg, West Virginia, talked ficials to participate in the event you Governor Smith of their state into have planned. Hardly any man who handing out the awards and speaking must run for office can turn down a on the need to save our rivers at the good offer for some free favorable 1966 Petersburg White-Water Week- publicity. end. The Potomac River White-Water The sport of white-water boating is Race has had Secretary Udall to give a natural for this purpose. It offers ac- out awards and has both Congressmen tion, excitement and beautiful photo- and Congressional candidates partici- genic scenery. It is closely associated pating in the race. with conservation-water pollution con- There is a good chance that many trol, wild rivers, wilderness areas. You more of our rivers can be preserved if don't need a very large crowd to at- white-water boaters and other outdoor tract one of your leading politicians to sportsmen will join together and let hand out awards at a race or to give a the responsible officials know what little speech at one of your events laud- they want saved. But there isn't any ing his record on the preservation of time to spare. If we expect our sons to wild and scenic rivers. Let your repre- be able to enjoy the rivers as we do, sentatives in Washington and at your we must act now. state capital know that there are vot- Conservation Notes ers and activists watching their record on conservation matters. Be quick to The Bell Tolls for the Eel hand out the kudos in your newsletters The Board of Directors of the Sierra and be quick to arrive with the delega- Club has voted to oppose the Corps of tion of protest. Engineers' proposed dam on the Middle Individuals and organizations should Fork of the Eel River. also be alert to opportunities to sup- A classic steelhead and white-water port prominent conservationists. I re- river in a wilderness canyon only 150 member vividly how Supreme Court miles from San Francisco, the Eel has Justice Douglas challenged the Wash- been one of the California water-grab- ing Post editors in 1954 to hike the bers' principal targets for many years. Chesapeake and Ohio Canal from Cum- The system of reservoirs which will berland, Maryland, to Washington, D. C. begin (if the proposal is accepted) with At that time the Post editorially fa- the Middle Fork dam will eventually vored a highway to be constructed in commit the State of California to the the bed of the canal. The editors re- entire Northwest Water Plan. sponded to the challenge, and in no If you can imagine a water desert, time a crowd of illustrious as well as that is what the Plan envisages for an garden variety hikers had joined the area about one-sixth of the Golden Justice. The celebrities drew the press. State. Virtually all the arable and hab- It is said that the Life man ran the itable river valleys will become storage entire 189 miles backwards snapping reservoirs for the benefit of the greedy photos all the way. This was the be- suburbanites in Southern California, ginning. Supporters of the Justice have and for the melon farmers who act as kept alive a C. and 0. Canal Associa- the holding agents for their real estate tion with an annual commemorative until it is ripe for subdivision. hike. But since that time neither the - P. D. W. Washington Post nor any elected of- ficial from this area has dared to sug- Klepper Folding Boats gest that the Canal towpath be used Enjoy Western rivers, for anything but outdoor recreation. lakes and waterways. Prominent officials can also often be Many models to choose from! persuaded to appear at outdoor events Write for free catalog. and enhance their publicity value. I THE SKI HUT 161 5 University Ave., can remember Roland Palmedo bring- Berkeley 3, California ing the Governor of Vermont to the

VOL. XI11 14 25 StCRtTARY5 SOAP ROX By BART HAUTHAWAY AWA Secretary In a welfare state, numbers sport but save white water just count, and we don't count for us, the select few, we could enough. AWA currently lists become even more over- about 1600 members, including crowded among ourselves from some seventy affiliated clubs, not acquiring the collective but this is a mere fraction com- voice necessary to halt the rape pared to the potential of inter- of whole river-systems and to ested paddlers. We constantly force the reclamation of others. receive letters from boaters Complacency is a common who have never heard of the human fault. Too many cur- AWA before, who have never rent members are content only heard of organized white-water that AWA exists to serve them. coaching, cruising or competi- Actually, the American White- tion, and who thought they water Affiliation exists through were virtually alone in their the efforts of a few dedicated, interest. We need to reach volunteer editors and officers these paddlers as potential so that members may serve it. members; we need those al- Members must supply the ma- ready interested or active, and terial and photographs the edi- we need to reach the potential tor uses in the journal, and of those who have not yet be- members must take a more ac- come interested. With the con- tive role in attracting new stant rape of our wetlands and members. river systems, we must create Complacency is also cousin a strong voice to sustain our of contempt. Too often we hear sport as we now enjoy it. paddlers complaining about We require a collective force fishermen and belittling hunt- to oppose loss of our rivers ers. However, fish and wildlife whether through misuse and require much the same habitat pollution by private interests, we demand for white-water or through the actions of a sport, and intelligent fishermen paternalistic government con- and hunting sportsmen not tainerizing waterways into silt- only share as much right to its laden lakes under the self-flat- use, but are also better organ- tering guise of creating the ized to voice their opinions. It greatest good for the greatest has become increasingly diffi- number. cult to enjoy one's own pleas- The answer, of course, is that ure without infringing upon we must become a greater someone else's, but it is ridicu- number ourselves. We need an lous to compete for the sole use aggressive membership cam- of a natural resource when all paign. Unfortunately, we hear will benefit through under- current members oppose this standing and cooperation for on grounds that they do not its multiple use. want "their" rivers over- I believe we should broaden crowded. But consider this: our base. Specialization leads Should we close membership one to participate in an activ- now, teach no new paddlers, ity as an end unto itself, losing introduce no newcomers to the sight of more utilitarian pur-

American WHITE WATER July 9, 1968 Mr. Bart Hauthaway, Executiz~eSecretary, American Whzteu'ater Afiliation 640 Boston Post Road Weston, Mass. 02193 Dear Bart, This is my official report on the uote fo9. Board of Directors of the American Whitewater Afiliation: Three handred and twenty-eight ballots were receiued through July 8. They have been counted and the results tabulated below: The following jive cdndidates have been elected for the term which expires Dec. 31, 1969: Votes Votes Oz Hawksley 274 "Deacon" Kiehm 226 Peter Whitney 256 "Prof" Davis 212 Bob McNair 234 The follou~ingfour candidates haae been elected for the term u'hich expires Dec. 31, 1968: Bob Harrigan 206 Ed Alexander 201 Bart Hauthaway 202 Andres Peekna 182 The follou~ingwere not elected: Vern Rupp 178 Bob Burleson 150 A1 Beletz 171 There was a write-in vote for Jim McAlister, and one for Jay E7~ans. At a later time I shall submit a few ~llggestion~concerning future balloting. Respectfully submitted and with best personal regards: Sincerely, American Whitewater Afiliation Eliot DuBois 935 Ridgeside Drive Elections Secretary Monroria, Calif., 9101 6 poses. White-water skills can man endeavors, the winning be an important adjunct to competitor will be the ulti- fishing and hunting sportsmen, mate.But there is no conflict and an awareness of this among between the competitor and white-water "purists" could the recreationalist; on the con- reap enormous benefits in co- trary, most racers cruise, and operation between groups with many cruisers race. A recent similarly oriented interests as letter to the editor indicates well as in attracting new mem- that only paddlers in cruising bers. I believe hunting or fish- boats have "fun," leaving the ing articles contributed to impression that all other pad- AWW, stressing the use of dlers are masochists. This is white-water skills to reach out pure idiocy, and is the type of of the ordinary locations, would self-interest that leads to frac- be well received. tionalization. We must instead Specialization also leads to assume that all white-water fractionalization.The AWA was paddlers, whatever their level formed to preserve, promote of skill, are interested in en- and publicize white-water pad- joying themselves within the dling, without regard to limits of their ability. And if whether the vehicle used might we are to continue in our own be a rubber raft, a beat-up enjoyment of white-water birch bark canoe, or the latest sport, it is imperative that our fiberglass design adhering to aim be inclusive. We must ICF specifications. There will seek to include as many inter- naturally be various levels of ested paddlers as possible. A skill, and, as in nearly all hu- member should sign a member.

VOL. XI11 /4 From Your Editor You will find the names of the new little sacrifice of hours or effort. Board of Directors of the AWA on the title page of this magazine. As of the Why do not more of our affiliated writing of this comment, the results clubs make AWA membership a man- were not in. datory part of their own membership? The top five members of the Board When a small group formed the Kayak were those receiving the most votes; and Canoe Club of New York, ten years they serve through 1969. The next four ago, this was written into its constitu- are to serve abbreviated terms, through tion. KCCNY now feeds scores of mem- next December. bers into the Affiliation. Ten nominations for the four vacan- Yet only the Meramec River Canoe cies are to be made, under the new Club, in the past decade, has followed Constitution and By-Laws, by a Nomi- suit. Understandably, some outfits that nating Committee consisting of the belong to larger outdoor groups, like President, Vice President, Secretary, the Boy Scouts or the Sierra Club, are Editor, Executive Director, and five not permitted to do this. But there are rank-and-file members selected by the many that can, and these include clubs Board "so as to represent a cross-sec- formed under the stimulus of the AWA tion of the United States and Canada." in the last few years. As the nominating procedure has It would be a big help to the Circu- proven to be a somewhat time-consum- lation, Membership, and Business chair- ing one and as the elections must be men if half the membership roll and completed before December 31, all of finances were delivered in a few big you who have ideas for potential Di- packages, with up-to-date addresses rectors should send on your nomina- guaranteed, at predictable times each tions by letter to any officer of the Af- year. filiation at this time. But that is only a small, and rela- The new Constitution and By-Laws tively insignificant, part of the argu- are going into full effect as soon as the ment for such affiliate action. The main newly elected Board has chosen its reason, of course, is that the AWA officers and selected the key adminis- speaks for the sport, for cruising, com- trative officers: Executive Director, petition and conservation of rivers, as Editor, Treasurer, and departmental no other organization can claim to do. chairmen. Meanwhile the AWA is in a It has taken years for our individual transition phase, operated by incum- membership to inch up over the thou- bent officers. sand mark, to the present figure of The Board, while it will have great about 1500. During this same period, af- authority and prestige, will not do the filiated clubs have multiplied from the day-to-day work of the Affiliation. The original five to more than 75. Yet, un- new post of Executive Director will der the new Constitution, the authority correspond closely to the previous Ex- has been decisively shifted from the ecutive Secretaryship, and will be non- affiliates to the individual member. It elective. It appears that the Board will would be a fine idea to celebrate this function like the previous Advisory event by raising our membership by a Committee, except that it will have thousand or so next year! complete statutory authority, which * * * formerly was split between it and the Needed: someone to handle distribu- General Committee. tion of the AWA instruction film on There should be no hesitation, there- canoeing; preferably located in the Chi- fore, on the part of any member who cago area (but don't let that condition feels he can't devote much time to the deter you if you would like to help!) AWA in any given year: he will be Write John Bombay, 24 Lodge Ct., Oak- able to contribute his experience and land, Calif. 94611. judgment to the Board with relatively -P. D. W.

American WHITE WATER How Long Should Paddles Be? By Stewart T. Coffin "What length paddle would you rec- over 72 inches are seldom used, if for ommend for me? no other reason than that they are not Anyone in the paddle business must available. I once made and used a 7- have to cope with this question inces- foot paddle as an experiment. Although santly. A typical encounter runs some- it provided an astonishing brace and thing like this: sweep stroke, it did tend to be slightly "Think this five-foot-sixer is too long awkward. for me, Stew?" (waving paddle back The bow paddle varies more in and forth, stirring up dust). length. The 66-inch is the most popu- "Oh, I don't know.'' lar, but anything between 60 and 69 "Come on now, a bit too long isn't inches is common. Perhaps the reason it?" for this is that the bow paddler varies "I suppose SO." more in size and strength, whereas the "How about . . ." etc. etc. Then, turn- stern or solo paddler is usually a strong ing to wife, "Think this is a good adult male. Smaller or weaker bow length, Honey?" (kneeling on floor paddlers tend toward the 60- or 63-inch with paddle) lengths. "Well, Darling, it's your paddle. But At the other extreme, C-1 and C-2 don't we already have some that slalomists are using much shorter pad- length? Perhaps you should wait." dles. Lengths given above for the open More of same, then, "How about a canoe apply if 9 inches is substracted. five-footer, Stew?" (swinging paddle The lengths most commonly in use by wildly, knocking things off shelf) successful competitors are 57, 60 and " Well, Bickham uses a five-foot 63 inches. For cruising in slalom boats, paddle." paddles are slightly longer-60, 63, and "That does it, I'll take a five-footer." 66 inches. "Haven't got any made up." The T-grip is preferred by at least He ends up taking a 63-inch paddle. 30-to-1 over other types. Wife groans. Kayak Paddles Reference to numerous writings on The question of optimum kayak pad- the subject of canoeing reveals two dle length has been obscured by the approaches to the question of paddle necessity of using whatever was avail- length. First, the anatomical one, in able, or the tendency to select what- which the paddle reaches one's chin, ever is "standard" or what others use. nose, eyes, etc. Or secondly, the advice But a trend is emerging. The average that paddle length is mostly a matter length used by successful slalomists is of personal preference, which is the about 81 inches, the extremes being equivalent of no advice at all. 74 and 84 inches. The average length I don't claim to be an expert on this used for cruising is 84 inches, the ex- subject myself. But having made over tremes being 81 and 87 inches. There 2000 paddles for white-water boaters, I seems to be little if any correlation have compiled the following data between paddle length and paddler's which may be of some help. height, but paddle length does appear Canoe Paddles to correspond to kayak length. For running rapids in an open canoe Nearly all experienced kayakers and (17-foot Grumman), the 72-inch paddle successful competitors are using feath- has always been the standard for stern ered blades. The trend is definitely to- or solo. With the larger and more ef- ward spooned rather than flat blades fective blades now available, the ten- for all types of kayaking. (Will spooned dency is toward a slightly shorter pad- canoe paddles be the next innovation?) dle-a 69-incher for example. Paddles Regarding the optimum angle of

VOL. XI11 /4 feathering, 90 degrees has always been tortions which one goes through to considered standard. A great many draw on the "off" side. Perhaps it paddlers are probably unaware that would have been better not to mention their spooned blades are feathered at it . . . slightly less than right angles, the pur- "What blade angle do you recom- pose of which is to reduce the awkward mend for me?" over-the-head, backward-leaning con- Ah well, happy paddling!

New Products maker of the "Nao Coronet" wet suit boasts that it brings "color, fashion and a touch of glamor into water sports." The material is not neoprene but syn- thetic expanded material described as having excellent wearing qualities, high thermal insulation, and resistance to sunlight and salt water. It's nylon lined with nylon zippers. And "they fit snugly and are figure flattering and do not restrict movement." Whee! Ladies' colors: tangerine and light blue. Men's: dark blue and forest green. Details and prices from Collins & Chambers, Ltd., 197-199 Mare St., Lon- don E. 8, England. * * * The name Sports and Cycles, Inter- national, has superseded that of Spruks and Marteau, and the address has been changed to 3181 Wilson Boulevard, Ar- lington, Va. 22201. They are Klepper agents, stock Flotherchoc life jackets and plastic helmets. Renew Now for 1968-69 (Note New Circulation Address) Use Zip Code! Mm-m-m! No longer austere People occasionally criticize Ameri- can White Water for editorial content. Don't Lose Your Boat One remark, more often made in con- For Lack of Flotation! versation but seldom committed to pa- per, is on the relative infrequency of Harvest what newspapermen call "cheesecake"* in our columns. Form-fitting flotation bags for kayaks One thing that's often been blamed Approx. 4.5 cu. ft. ea. for our relative puritanism has been 20-mil. vinyl the wet suit, black, bulging and for- bidding. So it's a pleasure to be able to per set: $1 1.54 f.0.b. Alameda reprint, from our British sister maga- Set for C-1 $1 2.54 zine Canoeing, ample evidence of fe- male comeliness and shapeliness. The HARVEST ENTERPRISES *"2. Slang. Photogra hy or photographs esp. of fe- 3976 East Ave. Hayward, Calif. 94542 male cornelmess anf shape1cness."-Webster's

American WHITE WATER Safety as We See It By Bill Waters Wisconsin Hooofers There seems to be a widespread be- with the skills (and equipment) neces- lief that canoeing skills and knowledge sary for the water of class I11 difficulty are a lore of the past which somehow and above. Some understanding of comes to him who takes paddle in hand river motion is required along with a and sets forth upon a river. Not so! Nor knowledge of basic paddling tech- is canoeing skill a simple function of niques. Practice helps but one must the amount of time spent in a canoe or have some idea of what to practice. the number of trips a person has been A canoeist should be able to recog- on. Skill and experience are not syn- nize river situations such as current onymous. The ability to handle a canoe differentials, eddies and potential dan- does improve with practice but like ev- ger spots, e.g., logs, brush and other de- erything else, knowledge of proper bris forming an entanglement on the techniques and use of proper equip- outside of a bend. He should be aware ment play a significant role. of where the current will tend to take Most people embarking on moving him and what he can do to avoid it. water are really not adequately pre- About all the boat-handling skills re- pared. I am not necessarily referring to quired are the abilities to turn the boat rapid water of class I11 or better or quickly and paddle across a current, even class 11; I am referring to any back paddle (either to slow down to river or stream in which there are assess a situation, or to ferry across the bends and moderate currents. Many current to another spot on the river) canoeists commit the fallacy of confus- and execute an effective draw to take ing danger with thrills. They mistak- the boat a short distance sideways enly believe that small streams which when necessary. Such techniques are lack large and thrilling haystacks must described and explained in instruction also be devoid of danger. This is not manuals such as the excellent "A White always true. Small rivers (especially Water Handbook for Canoe and Kayak,' with water levels above normal) can by John Urban (reviewed by A. Peek- claim the lives of those who are unpre- na, AWW, Spring, 1967). The general pared. Even on relatively gentle rivers, principIes involved in white-water it is important that boaters have at boating are not limited to roaring riv- least a rudimentary grasp of proper ers; they apply to all flowing streams. techniques. The necessary knowledge and skills "Floating" a river is not always to be are easy to master but usually require taken literally. There are times to just some instruction. To most canoeists, drift along and there are times to use they seem obvious only in retrospect. the paddle. Floating a river does not A paddler will learn more from a few include being washed through all the minutes' instruction from a competent fast sections like a pile of debris. In the boater than he will in several outings quick and narrow sections with sharp on his own. bends, it is necessary to maneuver and How to Reach Them? alter the position of the boat with re- John Bombay urged that clubs ap- spect to the river. One need not be an point someone who could provide ". . . expert paddler or exert tremendous a training program to help any group effort to accomplish this. Quite the con- requiring assistance." (AWW, Winter, trary, it is the unskilled who works 1966-67, p. 23) While establishing a club hard but accomplishes little. Anyone training program is highly desirable, will enjoy much more scenery paddling the task of upgrading the general level correctly than incorrectly. of skills of canoeists (thereby increas- Know What to Practice ing both the enjoyment and safety of The techniques adequate for class I the sport) should not be left solely to rivers are rudimentary in comparison the instruction chairmen. The vast ma-

VOL. XI11 /4 jority of canoeists will not be reached is a good way to bring up the subject by formal instruction programs. Most of technique. boaters are either poor judges of their Do Not Discourage own abilities, usually overrating them, Bear in mind, though, that the object or they simply do not take the time to is not to send people home, but to en- seek instruction. The task of improving courage them to run rivers more in line the lot of the average canoeist falls on with their abilities and equipment and all skilled boaters. to add to their skills so they can run For our purposes, a "skilled boater" and enjoy more rivers. In this way, any is simply one who has acquired a reasonably competent boater can im- knowledge of how the boat should be prove the enjoyment and safety of our positioned and maneuvered in various sport. Championship form, proficiency river situations, and has a good grasp or stamina are not involved. Lazy float- of some basic paddling techniques for ing is still an integral part of river- accomplishing these maneuvers. One running. does not need experience in hairy rap- - - ids. Any competent canoeist can make a significant contribution toward a safer, more enjoyable sport by passing these skills along to those he meets, whether at club meetings, club outings or just to casual acquaintances made along the river. However, do not be surprised if a kind offer of advice or assistance is re- jected in a huff. Many canoeists regard those who question their canoeing abil- ity with the same attitude they reserve for those who would question their parenthood. Do not let this dissuade you, it merely means you must use more tact when offering advice. Do Not Be Aloof Do not be aloof: be friendly and treat other canoeists as equals. Say, "Here is a stroke I have found useful for turn- ing the boat in a hurry. What do you think of it?" Avoid lecturing the canoeist; just "re- mind" him: "Don't forget to avoid the outside of those bends ahead; you might FLOTHERCHOC get swept into the brush and dumped." Acquaint them with guidebooks and French type life jackets in all sizes with or with- active canoeing groups in their area. out collars have extra flotation added to them. If you are with a group, encourage White Water Plastic Helmets adjustable to any people to try an eddy turn or ferry head size in 3 models, also elbow pads. across a fast section just for fun. An approach we have found useful KLEPPER boats and tents for discouraging beginners from run- ning a class I11 or IV river in their un- SPORTS & CYCLES scratched, keeled aluminum canoes International ("We heard there were some good rap- 31 81 Wilson Boulevard ids up here") is to call attention to the Arlington, Virginia 22201 inadequacy of their equipment. We do Phone 703 525-41 15 not mention their skill; we just point out the need for decks, maximal flota- Flotherchoc life iacket recommended by AWA tion and the absence of keels in turbu- Safety Chairman, John Bombay. lent water. A discussion of equipment

American WHITE WATER AWA Affiliates

Adventure Unlimited Boy Scouts of America Explorer Poqt 111 Homer Hicks, Rep. Camp No-Be-Bo-Sco Andrew McClame, Rep. Box 186 John Fahey, Dir.-Rep. 17 Hillside Road Belvidere, N. J. 07823 1060 Main Street Wellesley, Mass. Riveredge, N. J. 07661 Explorer Post 757 Albuoueroue Whitewater Club Buck Ridge Ski Club Tom Sargent, Rep. dlen A. Fowler, Rep. Mark S. Fawcett Box 85A, Rrookeville, Md. 804 Warm Sands Dr. S.E. P.O. Box 203 20729 Albuquerque, N. Mex. 87122 Chadds Ford, Pa. 19317 Feather River Kayak Club American Camping Ass'n. Bluff City Canoe Club Me1 Schneller, Rep. Ernest F. Schmidt, Rep. Seward H. Hall, Rep. 1773 B.roadway Street Bradford Woods 2789 Sky Lake Cove Marysv~lle,Cahf. 95901 Martinsville, Ind. 46151 Memphis, Tenn. 38127 Canoe Club of Milan, Italy FibArk Boat Races, Inc. American Indian Center Federico Maccone, Rep. X. Wuerfmannsdobler, Rep. Canoe Club Via Sammartin~5 P. 0. Box 253 Leroy Wesaw, Rep. Milano, Italy Salida, Colorado 81201 2209 N. Campbell Ave. Chicago, Illinois 60647 Canoe Cruisers Association Fourth Weston Scout Troop Ned Caveney, Sec. Roger Parsons, Rep. American Youth Hostels, Inc. 9201 Quintana Dr. 15 Langside Avenue Chicago Council Bethesda, Md. 20034 Weston, Ontario Dennis D.Withers, Rep. Canoe Cruisers of Gahonga's Elite 2727 N. Pine Grove, Apt. 402 Northern Vermont Howard S. Bass, Rep. Chicago, Ill. 60614 Dr. Walter W. Burnett, Rep. 1387 E. Valley ,Rd. 10 Alfred St. Santa Barbara, Calif. 93103 American Youth Hostels, Inc. Burlington, Vt. 05401 Columbus, Ohio, Counc~l Genesee Downriver Paddlers ~harlesH. Pace Central Missouri State College Raymond J. Allen, Rep. 651 Noe-Bixby Rd. Outing Club 27 West State Street Dr. 0.. Hawksley, Rep. Wellsville, N. Y. 14895 Columbus Ohlo 43213 Central M~ssourlState College American Youth Hostels, Inc. Sc~enceDept. Georgia Canoeing Association Warrenshurg, Missouri 84093 Wm. G. Crawford, Rep. Pittsburgh Council Rt. 1, Marietta, Georgia 30060 Bruce E. Sundquist, Rep. Coastal Canoeists 2060 Tpwnship Rd. Bruce N. Walker,. Rep. Girl Scouts of Amerrica Monroev~lle, Pa. 15146 862 Cascade Dr~ve Marmer Scout Sh~p1000 Newport News, Virginia 23602 Miss Carolyn Nance, Rep. American Youth Hostels, Inc. Cochituate Canoe Club, Inc. 4813 Flanders Ave. Greater St. Louis Council Kensington, Md. 20795 Russel Goddard, Rep. Guy F. Newhall, Rep. 99 Dudley Kd. Haystackers Whitewater Club Room 202, Downtown YMCA Cochttuate, Mass. 1528 Locust St., Gail Minnick, Rep. St. Louis, Mlssour~63103 Colorado White Water Association 907 N. Vista Ron Mason, Rep. Los Angeles, Calif. 90446 Appalachian Mountain Club, 325 S. Corona Indiana Canoe Racing Council Boston Denver, Cola. 80209 Rohert H. St. Walley, Jr., Rep. Michael A. Benfield, Rep. Cornell Outing Club RFD 6 5 Joy St. Robert Brown Crawfordsv~lle,Ind. 47933 Boston, Mass. 02108 102 Brook Lane Ithaca, N. Y. 14850 Indooroopilly Canoe Club Appalachian Mountain Club G. Gardner Connecticut Chapter Delaware Canoe Club 287 Swann Road Boh and, Liz Hul Wm. Woodrin Rep. St. Lucia 4067 315 Remmgton St. 14 S. 14th greet Qneensland, Australia Easton, I'enn. 18042 Snffield, Conn. 06078 Ka Na Wa Ke Canoe Club Ap alachian Mountain Club Delaware Canoe Club of Chuck Berg, Rep. %arragansett Chapter Bucks County 2877 Amber Rd., R. No. 1 Michael J. Hoy, Rep. Marietta, N. Y. 13110 Charles W. Livingston, Rep. 62 Christopher Dr~ve 1331 New London Ave. Holland, Pa. 18966 Kayak & Canoe Club of Boston Cranston, R. I. 02910 John Urban, Rep. Dogwood Canoe Club 55 Jason St. Appalachian Mountain Club ~aaelJ&=, R~P. Arlington, Mass. 02174 New York Chapter 308-8675 French St. John Nankivell, Rep. Vancouver 14, B. C., Canada Kayak and Canoe Club 30 Riverside Dr. East Tennessee White Water Club of New York Florham Park, N. J. 07932 Ed Alexander, Rep. Richard E. Reed, Rep. 6 Winslow Ave. 100 West Newcomb Rd. East Brunswick, N. J. 08816 B. C. Kayak & Canoe Club Oak Ridge, Tenu. 37830 Erich Kozak, Re Kekionga Voyageurs P. 0. Box 223? Explorer Post 20 Vancouver 3, B. C. J. H. Fretwell, Rep. E. Heinz Wahl, Rep. 4091 Trmlty Dr~ve 1818 Kensington Blvd. Boy Scouts of America Los Alamos, N. M. 87544 Fort Wayne, Indiana 46805 National Council Explorer Post 32 Ledyard Canoe Club Mart Bushnell, Rep. David A. Rurtz, Rep. Jay Evans, Rep. New Brunswick, N. J. 08903 623 W. Colle e Ave. 201 McNutt Hall State College, fa. 16801 Hanover, K. H. 03755 Boy Scouts of America Troop 708 Explorer Post 55X Meramec River Canoe Club Glenn M~ller,Rep. Terry Moore, Rep. A1 Reletz, Re 10138 Ovefest Street 9257 Wedgewood 3636 Oxford ~gd. Whittier, Caltforn~a90605 Temple City, Calif. 91780 Maplewood, Mo. 63143 Continued on Back Cover AWA Affiliates, co~ztinzled Meramec River Patrol Ontario Voyageurs Kayak Club Southern California Canoe Assoc. Raymond R. Walla e, Rep. Sandy Burke, Rep. Ren Parks, Rep. 1890 Curtls 8t 122 Fenelon Dr. 2520 (:olorado Ave. Florlssant, Mo. 6j031 Don Mills, Ontaria, Canada Santa Monica, Calif. 90406 Minnesota Canoe Assoc. Ozark Wilderness Sylvan Canoe Club Joseph R. Conrad, Rep. Waterways Club Terry 1). Sanders, Rep. 101 79th Ave. N. Phil Springer, Rep. 420 Lamar St. Minneapolis, Minn. 55430 2204 W., 49th Terr. Pittsl;urgh, Pa. 15221 Shawnee Miss~on,Kansas 66205 Mohawk Rod & Gun Club Texas Ex lorers Club John Grell, Jr., Rep. Penn State Outing Club Bob Buryeson, Rep. 11 Rosemount Ave. John R. Sweet, Rep. Box 844 Toronto 4, Ontario, Canada 118 S. Ruckhout St. Temple, Texas 76501 State College, Pa. 16801 Montreal Whitewater Club Univ. of Chicago Outing Club Martin H. Siegerman, Rep. Prairie Club Canoeists Harold \V. Lucas 15 Jasper St. Sneakin Deacon Kiehm, Rep. 1212 E. 59th Street Town of Mt. Royal 2019 Addison Street Chicago, 111. 60637 Montreal 16, Quebec, Canada Chicago, Ill. 60618 Prairie Voyageurs Canoe Club Univ. of Virginia Outing Club Monocacy Canoe Club Don Charvat, Rep. John I'onton, Rep. Lawrence Swann, Rep. 2.111 N. Arkansas Box 101 X, ;"lcwcomb Station Rt. 1, Wakersville, Md. 21793 \\'ichita, Kansas 67211 Charlottesville, Va. 22901 Mountainlair Outing Club Sierra Club Viking Ski Club C. Daniel O'Sullivan, Rep. Wesley Noble, Rep. Robert Weiler, Rep. West V~rglnlaUnlverslty 1050,Mills Tqwer P. 0. Box 57, Morin Heights Morgantown, W. Va. 26506 San Francisco, Cal~f.94104 Quebec, Canada Murray Hill Canoe Club Sierra Club Washington Kayak Club A1 Hahn ohn Muir Chapter Wolf Bauer, Rep. RD 1, Dutch Lane Rd. \?Jm. H. Geitner, Rep. 5622 Seav~ewAve. N. W. Freehold, N. J. 07728 1833 Underwood Ave. Seattle, Washington 98107 Niagara Frontier Sons of Ahab Wauwatosa, Wis. 53213 Waterford Canoe Club helson S. R~leyJr., Rep. Sierra Club Ralph Clark, Rep. Gooseneck Farm . Mother Lode Chapter P. 0. Box 111 West Valley, N. Y. 14171 Bill Weher, Re Waterford, Conn. 06385 9013 Talisman 8; Norwich Universitv Outine- Club Sacramento, Cahf. 95826 West Virginia Wildwater Assn. L. P. ~url~y,Rep. Idalr Smookler, Rep. Northfield, Vermont 05663 Sierra Club 2737 Daniels Avenue River Touring Committee South Charleston, W. Va. 25303 Oneonta State College Outing Club Roland W. Davis, Rep. Wildwater Boating Club Dick Siegfried, Re 14 Norwood Ave. of State College Speech & Theater %ept. Berkeley, Calif. 94707 Les Bechdel, Rep. State College 834 W. Fairmont Ave. Oneonta, N. Y. 13820 Sierra Club State College, Pa. 16801 San krancisco Chap. Ontario Canoe Cruisers River Touring Section Wisconsin Hoofers Keith Daniel, Rep. Walter R. Harvest, Rep. Bill Waters, Rep. c 105 W. Lodge Ave., Apt. 702-A 3976 East Ave. 3477 Hargrovc Toronto 3, Ontario, Canada Hayward, Cahf. 94542 Madison, Wis. 53714

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