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DENVER MUSEUM OF NATURE & SCIENCE REPORTS DENVER MUSEUM OF NATURE & SCIENCE REPORTS THE FORTUNATE LIFE OF A MUSEUM NATURALIST: ALFRED M. BAILEY BAILEY ALFRED M. NATURALIST: LIFE OF A MUSEUM THE FORTUNATE NUMBER 13, MARCH 10, 2019 WWW.DMNS.ORG/SCIENCE/MUSEUM-PUBLICATIONS Denver Museum of Nature & Science Reports 2001 Colorado Boulevard (Print) ISSN 2374-7730 Denver, CO 80205, U.S.A. Denver Museum of Nature & Science Reports (Online) ISSN 2374-7749 Frank Krell, PhD, Editor and Production VOL. 2 VOL. DENVER MUSEUM OF NATURE & SCIENCE & SCIENCE OF NATURE DENVER MUSEUM Cover photo: Russell W. Hendee and A.M. Bailey in Wainwright, Alaska, 1921. Photographer unknown. DMNS No. IV.BA21-007. The Denver Museum of Nature & Science Reports (ISSN 2374-7730 [print], ISSN 2374-7749 [online]) is an open- access, non peer-reviewed scientifi c journal publishing papers about DMNS research, collections, or other Museum related topics, generally authored or co-authored The Fortunate Life of a Museum Naturalist: by Museum staff or associates. Peer review will only be arranged on request of the authors. REPORTS Alfred M. Bailey The journal is available online at science.dmns.org/ 10, 2019 • NUMBER 13 MARCH Volume 2—Alaska, 1919–1922 museum-publications free of charge. Paper copies are exchanged via the DMNS Library exchange program ([email protected]) or are available for purchase from our print-on-demand publisher Lulu (www.lulu.com). Kristine A. Haglund, Elizabeth H. Clancy DMNS owns the copyright of the works published in the & Katherine B. Gully (Eds) Reports, which are published under the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial license. For commercial use of published material contact the Alfred M. Bailey Library & Archives at [email protected]. WWW.DMNS.ORG/SCIENCE/MUSEUM-PUBLICATIONS A.M. Bailey near Juneau, Alaska, 1920. Photograph by Muriel E. Bailey. DMNS No. IV.BA21-874. DENVER MUSEUM OF NATURE & SCIENCE REPORTS NUMBER 13, MARCH 10, 2019 The Fortunate Life of a Museum Naturalist: Alfred M. Bailey Volume 2—Alaska, 1919–1922 Edited by CONTENTS Kristine A. Haglund1 1 Alaska, 1919–1922 2 Elizabeth H. Clancy & Southeastern Alaska, 1919–1921 3 Katherine B. Gully1 4 8 Among Alaskan Islands 15 17 19 21 21 25 Forrester Island 26 Admiralty Island 28 29 Killisnoo Island 30 Southern Islands 31 Alaska: The Far North, 1921–1922 32 33 Cruise of the Bear 35 36 38 39 41 43 The Arctic Cruise 44 51 59 64 65 1Alfred M. Bailey Libary and Archives Dogsled Journey to Bering Strait, March 1922 71 Denver Museum of Nature & Science 73 2001 Colorado Boulevard Cape Lisburne 85 88 Denver, Colorado 80205-5798, U.S.A. 93 [email protected] 99 100 Bailey Alaska, 1919–1922 for he gave us letters of introduction to the teachers of southeastern Alaskan schools and (of even more value) After serving as curator of birds and mammals at the a year and a half later, when planning for Arctic work Louisiana State Museum in New Orleans from 1916 for the Colorado Museum of Natural History, he arranged into 1919, as a result of a summer cruise among the that I should make my headquarters in schoolhouses at bird islands off the Louisiana coast, I received two offers Wainwright, 100 miles down the coast from Barrow, the of employment—one an invitation from J.D. Figgins, northernmost town in Alaska, and at Wales, the western- Director of the Colorado Museum of Natural History in most village in North America at the extremity of Seward Denver, to serve as curator of birds and mammals. With Peninsula. Mr. Lopp, over years of experience in Alaska, us on the launch Alexandria, for the work among the was the leader of the hardy band that drove reindeer over bird islands, was biologist Edward Kalmbach of the U.S. the tundra from the Bering Sea the hundreds of miles Biological Survey. On his return to Washington, he wrote to Point Barrow, the animals to be used as food by the me a special delivery letter, saying that Dr. Edward W. stranded whalers whose vessels were crushed in the ice Nelson, Chief of the U.S. Biological Survey, had asked him in the great disaster of 1897–1898. to recommend a fieldman to be the representative of the This narrative of nearly three years of fieldwork is U.S. Biological Survey in Alaska, and that, if interested, divided into two parts: 17 months of fieldwork in south- I should come to Washington at government expense eastern Alaska (including a short winter trip into the for an interview—and Kalmbach suggested I not take a interior) for the U.S. Biological Survey and 18 months salary of less than $250 a month. doing work in eastern Siberia and Arctic Alaska for Den- Within two weeks I was called to Washington and ver’s natural history museum. interviewed by Dr. Nelson, who had collected specimens As the first representative of the U.S. Biological from 1877 through 1881 along the shores of the Bering Survey in southeastern Alaska, I was to report upon Sea while stationed at Saint Michael’s at the mouth of the fur-bearing and game animals, serve as a warden, the great Yukon River. His publications on Alaskan birds and collect specimens. In the Far North for the Denver are among the finest of early day accounts of work in museum, I collected birds and mammals for large the Far North. Kalmbach had briefed him on my field habitat groups to be installed in ecological displays in experiences, and Dr. Nelson asked questions regarding the new Joseph M. Standley Memorial Wing erected in my mid-Pacific Laysan journey in 1912–1913, which 1918. Fieldwork in the vicinity of Juneau and among had been sponsored by the Biological Survey—and he the islands of southeastern Alaska from November also was interested in my three years in the marshes 1919 through March 1921—visits with natives and and coastal islands of Louisiana. He asked how soon I whites and encounters with varied forms of wildlife in would be available, agreed to the $250 a month (twice the midst of almost untouched wonderlands—proved my Louisiana salary), and then arranged that my wife most interesting. The same was true of work in the and I should return to Washington later in the summer Far North in 1921 and 1922, the reports of birds and for several weeks of training. mammals observed and specimens collected having In late August, we visited Washington and then been covered in numerous publications, the most note- returned to our home in Iowa City for a month. My worthy being Notes on the Mammals of Northwestern journal entry for November 1, 1919, mentions that Muriel Alaska (Bailey & Hendee 1926); Notes on the Birds and I had arrived in Seattle en route to Alaska. During of Southeastern Alaska (1927); the Denver museum the following several days we stayed with classmate C.J. publications Birds of Cape Prince of Wales (1943) and Albrecht and his wife Carma and became acquainted Birds of Arctic Alaska (1948); and Field Work of a with W. “Tom Gorah” Lopp, chief of the Alaskan Division Museum Naturalist (1971), a lengthy account of my of the Bureau of Education, a most important contact, three years in Alaska. 2 DENVER MUSEUM OF NATURE & SCIENCE REPORTS | No. 13, March 10, 2019 Life of a Museum Naturalist vol. 2 Southeastern Alaska, 1919–1921 seen but whether American or Red-breasted I could not tell. One Western Grebe was observed The journey northwest to Alaska was on the old SS Jef- and four little diving birds which I took to be ferson for the cruise up the “Inside Passage,” a staunch auklets. One of the gulls, the Glaucous-winged, little vessel, well fitted for passenger service (Fig. 2.01). seemed the most abundant. We were off Port My wife and I left Seattle November 6, 1919, and my Townsend in the early evening. notes mention: The morning broke beautifully clear, with white- The day has been raw and drizzly, with the sun capped mountains showing behind green foothills. struggling to clear itself now and then from the Hundreds of grebes, large and small, were riding the waves clouds. The Olympic Range loomed up blue, and diving as the Jefferson approached. There were many snow-covered crests standing in bold relief cormorants and mergansers. Our course took us into against the dark sky. Mist, haze, and blackness Seymour Narrows at 8:30 a.m. and then into Johnstone were occasionally dispelled, and wonderful Strait—the scenery along the way outstanding. Killer cloud effects were visible, with circling gulls whales and porpoises were noted moving southward, the behind our vessel. Several species were noted, former with the great dorsal fins fully exposed. eager for any offal thrown overboard, and The passengers aboard the Jefferson were an the grace with which they circle the ship is interesting group—teachers with years of experience a marvel to behold. Many mergansers were in remote Alaskan villages, miners who had traversed Figure 2.01. Muriel E. Bailey on SS Jefferson en route to Alaska, early November 1919. DMNS No. IV.BA21-1062. DENVER MUSEUM OF NATURE & SCIENCE REPORTS | No. 13, March 10, 2019 3 Bailey out-of-the-way places, and businessmen from some of Juneau to the north, was originally called Harrisburg the larger communities. Two youngsters who seemed for Richard H. Harris, who, with another miner, Joseph interested in the waterbirds amused me. When a band Juneau, discovered gold nearby along Gold Creek, the of grebes was off our bow, one called to his companion, change of name to Juneau occurring in 1881.
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