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Thesocialist Republic THESOCIALIST REPUBLIC BY KARL KAUTSKY RANSLATED from’ T the German and Adapted to America DANiEL B;E LEON Published by the National Executive Committee PRICE Socialist Labor Party $5 Rose Street FIVE New York City CENTS 1913, COMPLETE h&?i%I: IN ENGLISH History of a Proletarian Family Across the Ages A fascinating work, thrilling as fiction, yet einbmcing a comprehensive history of the oppressing and oppressed classes Som the commencement of the present era. These stories are nineteen in number, and their ohrrm- ological order is the following: >. - Eugene Sue wrote a romanc’e THE GOLD SICKLE. .5Oc. which seems to have disarmeared 1 THE BRASS BELL.. .5Oc. in a curious fashion called “Les THE IRON CGLlAR.. .5Oc. Mysteres du Peuplel’. It is the THE SILVER CROSS.. .5Oo. story of a Gallic family through the ages, told in successive epi- THE CASQUE’S LARK.. .75c. sodes, and, so far as we have THE PONIARD’S HILT.. .75c. been able to read it, is fully as THE BRANDING NEEDLE. .5Oc. interesting: as “The Wanderinn Jew” or “The M steries 07 THE ABBATIAL CROSIER. .5Oc. Paris”. ‘rhe Frenc ir edition is CARLOVINGIAN COINS. .5Oc. pretty bard to find, and only THE IRON ARROW HEAD. .5Oc. sits have been translated into THE INFANT’S SKULL.. .5oc. En glish. We don’t know the reason. One medieval episode, THE PILGRIM’S SHELL. .75e. telling of the stru gle of the THE IRON PINCERS.. .5Oc. communes for free % om, is now THE IRON TREVET.. .75c. translated by Mr. Daniel De EXECUTIONER’S KNIFE,. .$l.OO Leon under the title, “The Pil- ‘rn6 Shell” New York Labor POCKET BIBLE, Vol. 1. $1.00 a ews Co.). 6; e trust the suc- POCKET BIBLE, Vol. 2.. $1.00 cess of his efforts may be such BLACKSMITH’S HAMMER. .75c. as to lead him to translate the rest of the romance. It will be SWORD OF HONOR, Vol. 1. .$l.OO the first time the feat has been SWORD OF HONOR, Vol. 2. .$I.00 done. in English.-N. Y. Sun. GALLEY SLAVE’S RING. .5Oc. NEW YORK LABOR NEWS COMPANY 45 ROSE STREET, NEW YORK THE SUCIALIST REPUBLIC . By KARL KAUTSKY Translated from the German and Adapted to ‘America By ‘DANIEL DE LEON Published by the NEW YORK LABOR NEWS COMPANY 45 Rose Street New York City . _ 4 & as ‘I-HI? .s as .s. WORKING CLASS+ By KAiZL KAUTSKY. Translated from the German and Adapted to America by DANIEL DE LEON. “The Working (!lass” is the first of the “Kautsky Pamphlets.” The history and growth of the Working Class and the effect of the capitalist system of production on the Korking Class are vividly portrayed. The effect of machinery, the appearance of the army of the unemployed, the growth of weman and child labor, and many other topifs of vital interest to tlie proletariat are inLeresting,y discussed. The book should be followed by “The Capitalist Class.” CON’I!EYl!S. CHAPTER I. EIfect of Yachi?tery.-Capitalist Production Increases the Number of the Proletariat-Proletarian Labor the Source of Capitalist Profit-How Machinery Lowers the Condition of the Working ~I*QQ-.--“. CHAPTER II.-Wages.-Size of the Surplus ADDrODriated br the Capitalist Class-Inguen Ices That. ^ Tend. to - R&se ___aria cower Wees-Machinery Enables the L‘apltallst class to Exploit Women and Children. CHAPTER III.-Dissolution of the Proletarian Family.-Woman Labor in Industry Destroys the Family Life of th8 Proletarian-Capitalist Class Endeavoring to Abolish the Family. CHAPTER IV.-Pt%stitution.-Capitalist System of Production Promotes Prostitution-Under Capitalism, Prostitution Is a Pillar of Society. CHAPTER V.-Early Days of the Wage-Working ProZetariat.-Condition of the Working Class During the Early Dags of Capitalism-The Working Proletariat Origlnally Is Merged with tba-” Qhlm*Y.YYI. CHAPTER VI.-The Uplifting of the Work :ino _ Proleta&t.-Contrasts Be- tween the Slums and the Working Proletariat-Why the Workia Class Hates and Despises the Rich-Capitalist Class Unconsciously Tra ‘i as the Working Class in the Methods Required for the Overthrow of Capitalism -Contrasts in the Solidarity of the Workers Under Feudalism and Under Cnpltalism-Under Capitallam All Sections of the Working Class Are Welded Together. CHAPTER VII.-Counter Te?tdemie8 That Uplift and Aba86 the Proletariat. CHAPTER VIII.-The Industrial Reserve Army.-Army of the Unem loyed Is Recruited Through Immigration-Army of the Unem loyed cruited Through Woman and Child Labor-Army of the 8nemolo!edR~~ Recruited Through the Introductio: n I# Machi&ry-Value of the-Army of the Unemployed to the Capitalist Class. CHAPTER IX.--Steady Increase 0 the Proletariat-Mercantile and Edu- cated Proletariat.-Effect of E apitalism on Small Stores-Ca italism Turns Education Into a Commodity-Great Increase of Educate z People -Condition of Educated Workers Continually Deteriorates-Socialist Hepublic the Hope of the World. Single Copies, 5 cents. One Hundred Copies, $2.50. NEW YORK LABOR NEWS CO., . THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC, INTRODUCTORY. “The Socialist Republic” is the fourth one of the “Kautsky Pamphlets,” and closes the series. The preceding pamphlets are: “The Working Class,” “The Capitalist Class;’ and “The Class Struggle.” For information relative to the origin of the pamphlets, their scope, meaning of terms used, and suggestions for more exten- sive research, the reader is referred to the preface to “The Working Class.” The foot-notes in that pamphlet will also be of aid in getting a firm grasp of the facts brought forward in “The Socialist Re- public.” CHAPTER I. SOCIAL REFORM AXD SOCIAL REVOLUTION. Private ownership in the instruments of production once the means of insuring to the producer the ownership of his product, has to-day become the means of expropriating the farmer, the artisan, the small trader, and of placing the non-producers-capitalists’ and landlords--in possession cf the products of labor. Only by couvert- ing into collective ownership the instruments of production-the land, mines, raw materials, tools, machines, and the me:ius of com- munication and transportation (all of which are to-day held as cap- italist private property) and by converting the production of com- modities into Socialist production, carried on for and by society, only by these means can production on a large scale and the ever-increas- ing productivity of social labor cease to be a source of misery and oppression for the exploited classes, and become one of wellbeing and harmonious development for all. WHAT IS I\fEANT UY THE “SOCIAL BEVOLlJTIOX.” The conversion of the machinery of production, together with the means of communication and transportation, from private int,o public property, is the Revolution-a revolution, that is irresistible and inevitable. The productive forces that have developed in the lap of capital- ist society have become irreconcilable with the very system of prop . 4 THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC. erty upon.which it is built. The endeavor to uphold this system of property is tantamount ta rendering impossible all further social development, to condemning society to a standstill and to stagnation, a stagnation, however, that is accompanied with the most painful convulsions. Every further perfection in the powers of production increases the contradiction that exists between these and the present system of property. All attempts to remove this contradiction, or even to soften it down, without interfering with property, have proved vain, and must continue so to prove themselves as often as attempted. For the last hundred years thinkers and statesmen among the possessing classes have been cutting and trying to prevent the threatened downfall of the system of private property in the instru- ments of production, that. is to say, to prevent the Revolution. BOG&~ Reform is the name they give to their perpetual tinkerings with the industrial mechanism for the purpose of removing this or that ill effect of private property in the instruments of production, at least of softening its edges, without, however, touching private prop- erty itself. During the la&t hundred years, manifold “cures” have \ been huckstered and even tried; it is now hardly possible to imagine any new recipe in this line. All the so-called “newest” panaceas of our social quacks which are to heal the old social ailments quickly, ’ without ,pain and without expense, are, upon closer inspection, dis- covered to ce but rehashes of old nostrums, all of which have been tried before in other places, and found worthless. Let not the position of the Socialist be misunderstood. He pronounces these social reforms inoperative in so far as- they pre- tend to remove the growing contradictions, which the course of economic development brings out into ever stronger light, between the powers of production and the existing system of property, at the same time that they strive to uphold and to confirm the latter. But the Socialist does not thereby mean that the Social Revolution- the abolition of private property in the instruments of production- . will be accomplished of itself; that the irresistible, inevitable course of evolution will do the work without assistance from man; nor yet that all social reforms are worthless, and that nothing is 1eR to those who suffer from the contradictions between the modern pewers society. The detiitions are taken from a leaflet on “The Trust,” published by the National Executive Committee of the Socialist Labor Party: The ProZetarlat.-The wholly toolless class who, no longer able to PXW cise their labor function without access to tools not owned by themselves, are compelled to sell their labor-power in the labor-market for a living. The Middle Gloss.-The class who, though armed with tools sufficiently powerful to exclude the toolless class, find it harder and harder to hold their own in competition with the more powerful and ever-perfecting tools held by the capitalist class.
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