Public Finance Authority

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Public Finance Authority PRELIMINARY OFFICIAL STATEMENT DATED MAY 31, 2018 NEW ISSUE RATING: Fitch: BB BOOK-ENTRY ONLY In the opinion of Womble Bond Dickinson (US) LLP, Bond Counsel, under existing law and assuming continuing compliance by the Authority and the Corporation with their respective covenants to comply with the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), as described herein, interest on the Bonds will not be includable in the gross income of the owners thereof for purposes of federal income taxation. Bond Counsel is also of the opinion that interest on the Bonds will not be a specific preference item for purposes of the alternative minimum tax imposed by the Code. Interest on the Bonds will not be exempt from State of Wisconsin or State of North Carolina income taxes. See “TAX TREATMENT.” $91,460,000* PUBLIC FINANCE AUTHORITY RETIREMENT FACILITIES FIRST MORTGAGE REVENUE BONDS (SOUTHMINSTER) SERIES 2018 Dated: Date of Delivery Due: As shown on inside front cover The Bonds offered hereby (the “Bonds”) are being issued by the Public Finance Authority (the “Authority”) pursuant to a Trust Agreement between the Authority and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee (the “Bond Trustee”), for the purpose of providing funds to Southminster, Inc. (the “Corporation”), to be used, together with other available funds, to (i) pay the costs of the Project (as defined herein), (ii) fund Reserve Fund No. 1 (as defined herein) and (iii) pay certain expenses incurred in connection with the issuance of the Bonds. See “THE PROJECT” in Appendix A hereto and “SECURITY AND SOURCES OF PAYMENT FOR THE BONDS” herein. The Bonds are secured by Reserve Fund No. 1 as discussed herein. THE BONDS ARE SPECIAL LIMITED OBLIGATIONS OF THE AUTHORITY PAYABLE SOLELY FROM AND SECURED BY THE TRUST ESTATE (AS DEFINED IN THE TRUST AGREEMENT) AND EXCEPT FROM SUCH SOURCE, NONE OF THE AUTHORITY, ANY SPONSOR (AS DEFINED HEREIN), ANY AUTHORITY MEMBER (AS DEFINED HEREIN), ANY AUTHORITY INDEMNIFIED PARTY (AS DEFINED IN THE TRUST AGREEMENT), THE STATE OF WISCONSIN, OR ANY POLITICAL SUBDIVISION OR AGENCY THEREOF OR ANY POLITICAL SUBDIVISION APPROVING THE ISSUANCE OF THE BONDS SHALL BE OBLIGATED TO PAY THE PRINCIPAL OF, PREMIUM, IF ANY, OR INTEREST THEREON OR ANY COSTS INCIDENTAL THERETO. THE BONDS ARE NOT A DEBT OF THE STATE OF WISCONSIN OR ANY AUTHORITY MEMBER AND DO NOT, DIRECTLY, INDIRECTLY OR CONTINGENTLY, OBLIGATE, IN ANY MANNER, ANY AUTHORITY MEMBER, THE STATE OF WISCONSIN OR ANY POLITICAL SUBDIVISION OR AGENCY THEREOF OR ANY POLITICAL SUBDIVISION APPROVING THE ISSUANCE OF THE BONDS TO LEVY ANY TAX OR TO MAKE ANY APPROPRIATION FOR PAYMENT OF THE BONDS OR ANY COSTS INCIDENTAL THERETO. NEITHER THE FAITH AND CREDIT NOR THE TAXING POWER OF ANY AUTHORITY MEMBER, THE STATE OF WISCONSIN OR ANY POLITICAL SUBDIVISION OR AGENCY THEREOF OR ANY POLITICAL SUBDIVISION APPROVING THE ISSUANCE OF THE BONDS NOR THE FAITH AND CREDIT OF THE AUTHORITY, ANY SPONSOR OR ANY AUTHORITY INDEMNIFIED PERSON SHALL BE PLEDGED TO THE PAYMENT OF THE PRINCIPAL OF, PREMIUM, IF ANY, OR INTEREST ON, THE BONDS OR ANY COSTS INCIDENTAL THERETO. THE AUTHORITY HAS NO TAXING POWER.. The Bonds are issuable as fully registered bonds without coupons. Purchases of the Bonds will be made in book-entry form only, and individual purchasers will not receive physical delivery of Bond certificates. When issued, the Bonds will be registered in the name of Cede & Co., as nominee of The Depository Trust Company, New York, New York (“DTC”). So long as Cede & Co. is the registered owner of the Bonds, principal and interest payments on the Bonds will be made to Cede & Co., which will in turn remit such payments to its participants for subsequent disbursement to the beneficial owners of the Bonds, all as described herein. Interest on the Bonds is payable on each April 1 and October 1, beginning October 1, 2018. Individual purchases of the Bonds will be made in the principal amount of $5,000 or any whole multiple thereof. So long as Cede & Co. is the registered owner of the Bonds, references herein to the Holders or registered owners of the Bonds shall mean Cede & Co. and shall not mean the beneficial owners of the Bonds. The Bonds are subject to optional, extraordinary optional and mandatory sinking fund redemption prior to maturity as described herein. OFFER AND SALE OF THE BONDS IS LIMITED TO “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYERS” (AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, THE “SECURITIES ACT”) OR TO “ACCREDITED INVESTORS” (AS DEFINED IN RULE 501(a) UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT.) EACH INITIAL PURCHASER THAT IS AN ACCREDITED INVESTOR IS REQUIRED TO DELIVER AN INVESTOR LETTER IN THE FORM ATTACHED TO THIS OFFICIAL STATEMENT. An investment in the Bonds involves a certain degree of risk related to, among other things, the nature of the Corporation’s business, the regulatory environment, and the provisions of the principal documents. A prospective bondholder is advised to read “SECURITY AND SOURCES OF PAYMENT FOR THE BONDS” and “BONDHOLDERS’ RISKS” herein for a discussion of certain risk factors which should be considered in connection with an investment in the Bonds. This cover page contains certain information for ease of reference only. It does not constitute a summary of the Bonds or the security therefor. Potential investors must read this entire Official Statement, including the Appendices, to obtain information essential to the making of an informed investment decision. The Bonds are offered subject to prior sale, when, as and if issued by the Authority and accepted by the Underwriters, subject to the approval of Womble Bond Dickinson (US) LLP, Raleigh, North Carolina, Bond Counsel. Certain legal matters will be passed upon for the Corporation by Robinson, Bradshaw & Hinson, P.A., Charlotte, North Carolina, and for the Underwriters by Parker Poe Adams & Bernstein LLP, Raleigh, North Carolina. It is expected that the Bonds will be available for delivery through the facilities of DTC on or about June __, 2018. Davenport & Company LLC Official Statement Dated: June __, 2018 This Preliminary Official Statement and the information contained herein are subject to completion or amendment. Under no circumstances shall this Preliminary Official Statement constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy, buy, to Under no circumstances shall this Preliminary to sell or the solicitation of an offer This Preliminary Official Statement constitute an offer contained herein are subject to completion or amendment. Official Statement and the information any such jurisdiction. priorlaws of qualification or filing under the securities to registration, be unlawful solicitation or sale would sale of these securities jurisdictionnor shall there be any in any in which such offer, * Preliminary; subject to change. MATURITY SCHEDULE* $3,795,000 ___% Term Bonds due October 1, 2038 Yield ___% CUSIP©: ________ $22,155,000 ___% Term Bonds due October 1, 2043 Yield ___% CUSIP©: ________ $28,575,000 ___% Term Bonds due October 1, 2048 Yield ___% CUSIP©: ________ $36,935,000 ___% Term Bonds due October 1, 2053 Yield ___% CUSIP©: ________ * Preliminary; subject to change. © CUSIP is a registered trademark of the American Bankers Association. CUSIP Global Services is managed on behalf of the American Bankers Association by S&P Global Marketing Intelligence. Copyright©2018 CUSIP Global Services. All rights reserved. CUSIP data herein is provided by S&P Global Marketing Intelligence, a division of McGraw-Hill Financial, Inc. CUSIP data herein is provided for convenience of reference only. None of the Authority, the Corporation, the Underwriters or their agents take responsibility for the accuracy of such data. Site Plan Terraces 1 Rendering of Terraces 2 Rendering of the Replacement Health Center REGARDING USE OF THIS OFFICIAL STATEMENT IN CONNECTION WITH THE OFFERING OF THE BONDS, B.C. ZIEGLER AND COMPANY AND DAVENPORT & COMPANY LLC (THE “UNDERWRITERS”) MAY OVERALLOT OR EFFECT TRANSACTIONS THAT STABILIZE OR MAINTAIN THE MARKET PRICE OF THE BONDS AT LEVELS ABOVE THOSE THAT MIGHT OTHERWISE PREVAIL IN THE OPEN MARKET. SUCH STABILIZATION, IF COMMENCED, MAY BE DISCONTINUED AT ANY TIME. No dealer, broker, sales representative or other person has been authorized by the Authority, the Corporation or the Underwriters to give any information or to make any representations other than those contained in this Official Statement, and, if given or made, such other information or representations must not be relied upon as having been authorized by any of the foregoing. This Official Statement does not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy, and there shall not be any sale of the Bonds by any person in any jurisdiction in which it is unlawful for such person to make such offer, solicitation or sale. The information contained in this Official Statement has been furnished by the Corporation, the Authority, DTC and other sources that are believed to be reliable. The Underwriters have reviewed the information in this Official Statement in accordance with, and as a part of their respective responsibilities to investors under the federal securities laws as applied to the facts and circumstances of this transaction, but the Underwriters do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of such information. The information and expressions of opinion herein are subject to change without notice, and neither the delivery of this Official Statement nor any sale made hereunder shall, under any circumstances, create any implication that there has been no change in the affairs of the parties referred to above since the date hereof. The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Bond Trustee and Master Trustee, has not provided, or undertaken to determine the accuracy of, any of the information contained in this Official Statement, and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Bond Trustee and Master Trustee, makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, as to (i) the accuracy or completeness of such information, (ii) the validity of the Bonds and Obligation No.
Recommended publications
  • Finance Without Financiers*
    3 Finance without Financiers* Robert C. Hockett, Cornell Law School * Thanks to Dan Alpert, Fadhel Kaboub, Stephanie Kelton, Paul McCulley, Zoltan Polszar, Nouriel Roubini and particularly my alter ego Saule Omarova. Special thanks to Fred Block and Erik Olin Wright, who have been part of this project since its inception in 2014 – as well as to the “September Group,” where it proved necessary that same year to formulate arguments whose full elaboration has issued in this Chapter. Hockett, Finance without Financiers 4 I see, therefore, the rentier aspect of capitalism as a transitional phase which will disappear when it has done its work…Thus [we] might aim in practice… at an increase in the volume of capital until it ceases to be scarce, so that the functionless investor will no longer receive a bonus; and at a scheme of direct taxation which allows the intelligence and determination and executive skill of the financiers… (who are certainly so fond of their craft that their labour could be obtained much cheaper than at present), to be harnessed to the service of the community on reasonable terms of reward.1 INTRODUCTION: MYTHS OF SCARCITY AND INTERMEDIATION A familiar belief about banks and other financial institutions is that they function primarily as “intermediaries,” managing flows of scarce funds from private sector “savers” or “surplus units” who have accumulated them to “dissevers” or “deficit units” who have need of them and can pay for their use. This view is routinely stated in treatises,2 textbooks,3 learned journals,4 and the popular media.5 It also lurks in the background each time we hear theoretical references to “loanable funds,” practical warnings about public “crowd-out” of private investment, or the like.6 This, what I shall call “intermediated scarce private capital” view of finance bears two interesting properties.
    [Show full text]
  • COVID-19 Activity in U.S. Public Finance
    COVID-19COVID-19 ActivityActivity InIn U.S.U.S. PublicPublic FinanceFinance JulyJuly 22,22, 20212021 Rating Activity PRIMARY CREDIT ANALYST On Sept. 22, 2020, we changed the presentation of rating changes in the summary table below. For Robin L Prunty issuers that have had multiple rating actions since March 24, 2020, the table now shows the most New York recent rating action rather than the first. Each issuer will only be included in the summary table + 1 (212) 438 2081 once. robin.prunty @spglobal.com SECONDARY CONTACT Summary Of Rating Actions Eden P Perry Through July 21, 2021 New York (1) 212-438-0613 On Sept. 22, 2020, we changed the presentation of rating changes in the summary table below. For issuers that have had multiple rating eden.perry actions since March 24, 2020, the table now shows the most recent rating action rather than the first. Each issuer will only be included in @spglobal.com the summary table once. Charter Schs, Independent Schs, Health Higher Ed & Community Local Action Care Housing Not-For-Profit Colls Govts States Transportation Utilities Total Downgrade 9 12 28 3 39 2 6 4 103 Downgrade + 1 2 1 4 CreditWatch negative Downgrade + 4 1 10 2 24 2 5 48 Negative outlook revision Downgrade + 3 2 5 Off CreditWatch Downgrade + 10 1 16 3 36 1 1 68 Stable outlook revision Negative 39 13 169 20 525 14 44 28 852 outlook revision Stable 21 1 71 1 330 11 142 5 582 outlook revision www.spglobal.com/ratings July 22, 2021 1 COVID-19 Activity In U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Guidelines for Public Financial Management Reform
    Commonwealth Secretariat Published by: Commonwealth Secretariat Marlborough House Pall Mall London SW1Y 5HX United Kingdom Copyright @ Commonwealth Secretariat All Rights Reserved. No part of this public publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior permission of the publisher. May be purchased from Publication Unit Commonwealth Secretariat Telephone: +44(0)20 7747 6342 Facsimile: +44(0)20 7839 9081 GUIDELINES FOR PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT REFORM Commonwealth Secretariat TABLE OF CONTENTS Reform 26 Appendix C List of Participants of the Brainstorming Workshop 34 FOREWORD v EXECUTIVE SUMMARY vii 1. INTRODUCTION 1 2. PROCESS FRAMEWORK (“HOW”) 3 2.1. Develop a strategic reform framework 3 2.2. Address structural issues 4 2.3. Make a commitment to change (political will) 5 2.4. Establish and empower key institutions 7 2.5. Managing reform 7 2.6. Monitor progress of PFM reforms 10 3. FISCAL FRAMEWORK (“WHAT”) 12 3.1. Revenue collection 12 3.2. Improve debt management 13 3.3. Improve planning processes 14 3.4. Improve budgeting 14 3.5. Strong budget implementation, accounting and reporting 15 3.6. Procurement 16 3.7. Strong internal and external oversight 17 4. Conclusion 22 References 23 Appendix A: Excerpts from the Abuja Communique 2003 24 iv Appendix B: Supporting Better Country Public Financial Management Systems: Towards a Strengthened Approach to Supporting PFR FOREWORD ABBREVIATIONS ANAO Australia National Audit Office Implementing the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) demands effective public ANC African National Congress financial management that is imbued with transparency and accountability measures to CFAA Country Financial Accountability Assessment achieve strategic outcomes.
    [Show full text]
  • Public Money for the Public Good
    ICAEW BETTER GOVERNMENT SERIES Public money for the public good BUILDING TRUST IN THE PUBLIC FINANCES A POLICY INSIGHT PUBLIC MONEY FOR THE PUBLIC GOOD PUBLIC MONEY FOR THE PUBLIC GOOD PageForeword head ‘Public money ought to be For the government this bond of trust is INSIGHT especially important. The public needs to With the public touched with the most trust that when the government asks them for sector making scrupulous conscientiousness taxes, the monies paid over and other public up nearly half resources will be used for the public good. of the global of honour. It is not the economy, effective public financial produce of riches only, but Every country has a unique history and faces management is a of the hard earnings of distinct challenges. While there can never critical factor in the be a single approach to public financial economic success labour and poverty.’ management, there are certain universal of each and principles and factors which underpin the every country. Thomas Paine creation of trust anywhere in the world. This publication provides an overview of those Successful economies deliver sustainable factors, both cultural and technical. growth and resources to meet the needs of individuals, communities and business. With To illustrate what can be done, we have government activities accounting for nearly half included a range of case studies showing of the global economy, effective public financial how different countries have taken practical management is a crucial, yet all too often steps to build trust in public money. The overlooked, condition for prosperity. majority of these are from developing nations: lower GDP is no barrier to effective public The role of professional accountants is financial management.
    [Show full text]
  • Public Finance Overview
    Jim Young, Esq. and Warren Greenlee, Esq. Young Law Group, PLLC 601.354.3660 [email protected] [email protected] Debt must comply with statutes • Purpose for borrowing • Process of borrowing • Structure of debt • Investment of proceeds Failure to comply can lead to jail and fines Public Finance is highly regulated State and local issues Federal tax • Amount of issue • Timing of issue • Use of proceeds • Use of project • Arbitrage rebate Federal securities law • Initial offering disclosure • Continuing disclosure • General anti-fraud provisions • Method of sale/Necessary parties These days you have to create your own breaks • Strategic planning • Millage management • Efficiencies and savings • Refundings • Cooperative endeavors • Operational savings It is not rocket science One size does not fit all Options for structure Options for method of sale MAS Small Loan Program Options for issuer vs. conduit Options for finance team Parties Involved in Financing Bond Counsel (hired by county to give legal opinion) County has met all legal & procedural requirements Interest on debt is exempt Generally prepares authorizing resolutions & closing documents Issuer’s Counsel (county attorney) Gives legal opinion that the authorizing resolutions & closing documents were validly approved by county Assists bond counsel with local matters Financial Advisor (Municipal Advisor) – assists county on financial matters in connection with issuing debt Method of sale (competitive bid, negotiated, underwritten, private placement, direct bank loan) Sizing & structuring
    [Show full text]
  • The Top 10 Management Characteristics of Highly Rated U.S
    The Top 10 Management Characteristics Of Highly Rated U.S. Public Finance Issuers Primary Credit Analyst: John A Sugden, New York (1) 212-438-1678; [email protected] Secondary Contact: Robin L Prunty, New York (1) 212-438-2081; [email protected] Table Of Contents Top 10 List WWW.STANDARDANDPOORS.COM/RATINGSDIRECT JULY 23, 2012 1 1001327 | 300126912 The Top 10 Management Characteristics Of Highly Rated U.S. Public Finance Issuers (Editor's Note: This is an updated version of an article published July 26, 2010.) U.S. public finance issuers are a varied group, but the management practices of the strongest borrowers show some distinct commonalities. Standard & Poor's Ratings Services has widely disseminated to investors and issuers its approach for assigning credit ratings in U.S. public finance (see "USPF Criteria: State Ratings Methodology," published Jan. 3, 2011; and "USPF Criteria: GO Debt," published Oct. 12, 2006, on RatingsDirect on the Global Credit Portal). We have also developed representative ranges for key ratios that factor into our analysis of tax-backed credit quality (see "USPF Criteria: Key General Obligation Ratio Credit Ranges – Analysis Vs. Reality," published April 2, 2008). Although these ratios are the foundation of the quantitative measures Standard & Poor's uses when assigning a credit rating, Standard & Poor's also relies on qualitative factors to inform our credit analysis. In 2006, Standard & Poor's released its Financial Management Assessment, which offers a more transparent assessment of a government's financial practices, as an integral part of our credit rating process (see "Financial Management Assessment," published June 27, 2006).
    [Show full text]
  • Stabilisation Policy in New Zealand: Counting Your Blessings, One by One† Willem H
    Stabilisation policy in New Zealand: Counting your blessings, one by one† Willem H. Buiter, Professor of European Political Economy, European Institute, London School of Economics and Political Science†† 1 Introduction Responsibility Act 1994 (FRA). Together they provide a This paper is written in response to an invitation from the framework which, if adhered to consistently, now and in Reserve Bank of New Zealand (RBNZ) and the New Zealand the future, will ensure fiscal sustainability. Treasury, to take part in a “project to investigate policy When in 1982, during a spell as a visitor in the Fiscal Affairs options for a smoother evolution of the New Zealand Department of the IMF, I wrote a paper (Buiter (1983), see business cycle, particularly in respect to swings in the also Buiter (1985) and Gray, Merton and Bodie (2003)) exchange-rate and shifting pressures on the externally advocating the collection of data that would permit the exposed sectors of the economy.” My contribution consists construction of a comprehensive, ‘marked to market’ of a paper that focuses on the role of fiscal policy, but is also balance sheet for the consolidated public sector (general expected to consider the overall macro-mix of monetary, government, central bank and all other agencies for which fiscal, external and structural policies. the general government is ultimately financially responsible), New Zealand has pioneered more important changes in the including a full accounting for deferred contingent liabilities design of monetary and fiscal policy and in the institutional and for the uncertain future cash flows associated with arrangements through which monetary and fiscal policy state assets, I did not anticipate that any country would are designed and implemented, than any country since ever contemplate actually implementing anything remotely (at least) the second half of the 20th century.
    [Show full text]
  • Public Finance Authority
    Supplement dated November 14, 2017 to Preliminary Limited Offering Memorandum dated October 26, 2017 $14,660,000* $670,000* PUBLIC FINANCE AUTHORITY PUBLIC FINANCE AUTHORITY EDUCATION REVENUE BONDS TAXABLE EDUCATION REVENUE BONDS (UWHARRIE CHARTER ACADEMY PROJECT) (UWHARRIE CHARTER ACADEMY PROJECT) SERIES 2017A SERIES 2017B This Supplement dated November 14, 2017 to Preliminary Limited Offering Memorandum dated October 26, 2017 (this "Supplement") supplements the Preliminary Limited Offering Memorandum dated October 26, 2017 (the "Original PLOM") relating to the captioned bonds to reflect: • modifications to the Indenture and Loan Agreement that: create a repair and replacement fund in the Indenture and require the Borrower to fund such repair and replacement fund monthly based on a capital needs assessment to be conducted once every five years commencing no later than June 30, 2022; modify the additional Indebtedness incurrence tests applicable to the Borrower for the incurrence of Long-Term Parity Indebtedness, Short-Term Indebtedness, Non-Recourse Indebtedness, and Subordinated Indebtedness; permit the Trustee or the Beneficial Owners of not less than a majority of the Bonds then Outstanding to reject an Independent Consultant selected by the Borrower in certain circumstances as described below; and require monthly reporting on construction progress in connection with the Construction Project; • updated and additional information regarding the Charter Modification, the application for which was submitted on November 6, 2017, and on which the Borrower has been informed that the Charter School Advisory Board will make its recommendation in December 2017 and the State Board of Education will render its decision thereon in January 2018, • newly available 2017 SAT composite data by school district, for public school students in the State of North Carolina, and for public school students in the United States, and • an updated anticipated date of issuance of the Series 2017 Bonds of November 22, 2017.
    [Show full text]
  • Nber Working Paper Series Monetary Policy in the Information Economy
    NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES MONETARY POLICY IN THE INFORMATION ECONOMY Michael Woodford Working Paper 8674 http://www.nber.org/papers/w8674 NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 December 2001 Prepared for the “Symposium on Economic Policy for the Information Economy,” Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, Jackson Hole, Wyoming, August 30-September 1, 2001. I am especially grateful to Andy Brookes (RBNZ), Chuck Freedman (Bank of Canada), and Chris Ryan (RBA) for their unstinting efforts to educate me about the implementation of monetary policy at their respective central banks. Of course, none of them should be held responsible for the interpretations offered here. I would also like to thank David Archer, Alan Blinder, Kevin Clinton, Ben Friedman, David Gruen, Bob Hall, Spence Hilton, Mervyn King, Ken Kuttner, Larry Meyer, Hermann Remsperger, Lars Svensson, Bruce White and Julian Wright for helpful discussions, Gauti Eggertsson and Hong Li for research assistance, and the National Science Foundation for research support through a grant to the National Bureau of Economic Research. The views expressed herein are those of the author and not necessarily those of the National Bureau of Economic Research. © 2001 by Michael Woodford. All rights reserved. Short sections of text, not to exceed two paragraphs, may be quoted without explicit permission provided that full credit, including © notice, is given to the source. Monetary Policy in the Information Economy Michael Woodford NBER Working Paper No. 8674 December 2001 JEL No. E58 ABSTRACT This paper considers two challenges that improvements in private-sector information-processing capabilities may pose for the effectiveness of monetary policy.
    [Show full text]
  • Importance of KYC Chapter
    Undue Diligence How banks do business with corrupt regimes CONTENTS Summary 1. Introduction: breaking the links between banks, corruption and poverty 2. Who is your customer? 3. Riggs and Equatorial Guinea: doing business with heads of state (Plus: Where did Equatorial Guinea’s oil money go after the demise of Riggs?) 4. Barclays and Equatorial Guinea: doing business with the sons of heads of state, Part I (Plus: Who banks for President Bongo of Gabon since Citibank closed its doors to him?) 5. Bank of East Asia and Republic of Congo: doing business with the sons of heads of state, Part II 6. Citibank, Fortis and Liberia’s logs of war: doing business with natural resources that are fuelling conflict 7. Deutsche Bank and Turkmenistan: doing business with a human rights abuser 8. Oil-backed loans to Angola: doing business with an opaque national oil company 9. The problem with the Financial Action Task Force 10. Conclusions and recommendations Glossary Summary What is the problem? The world has learnt during 2008 and 2009 that failures by banks and the governments that regulate them have been responsible for pitching the global economy into its worst crisis in decades. People in the world’s richest countries are rightly angry at the increasing job losses and house repossessions. What is less understood is that for much longer, failures by banks and the governments that regulate them have caused untold damage to the economies of some of the poorest countries in the world. By doing business with dubious customers in corrupt, natural resource-rich states, banks are facilitating corruption and state looting, which deny these countries the chance to lift themselves out of poverty and leave them dependent on aid.
    [Show full text]
  • Monetary Policy with 100 Percent Reserve Banking: an Exploration
    NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES MONETARY POLICY WITH 100 PERCENT RESERVE BANKING: AN EXPLORATION Edward C. Prescott Ryan Wessel Working Paper 22431 http://www.nber.org/papers/w22431 NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 July 2016 The views expressed herein are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. NBER working papers are circulated for discussion and comment purposes. They have not been peer-reviewed or been subject to the review by the NBER Board of Directors that accompanies official NBER publications. © 2016 by Edward C. Prescott and Ryan Wessel. All rights reserved. Short sections of text, not to exceed two paragraphs, may be quoted without explicit permission provided that full credit, including © notice, is given to the source. Monetary Policy with 100 Percent Reserve Banking: An Exploration Edward C. Prescott and Ryan Wessel NBER Working Paper No. 22431 July 2016 JEL No. E4,E5,E6 ABSTRACT We explore monetary policy in a world without fractional reserve banking. In our world, banks are purely transaction institutions. Money is a form of government debt that bears interest, which can be negative as well as positive. Services of money are a factor of production. We show that the national accounts must be revised in this world. Using our baseline economy, we determine a balanced growth path for a set of money interest rate policy regimes. Besides this interest rate, the only policy variable that differs across regimes is the labor income tax rate. Within this set of policy regimes, there is a balanced growth welfare-maximizing regime.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of Public Financial Management Reform Reform Management Financial Public of Evaluation 2012:7 Joint Evaluation Burkina Faso, Ghana and Malawi 2001–2010
    Evaluation of Public Financial Management Reform Evaluation of Public Financial Management Reform 2012:7 Joint Evaluation Burkina Faso, Ghana and Malawi 2001–2010 Where and why do Public Financial Management (PFM) reforms succeed? Where and how does donor support to PFM reform contribute most effectively to results? This report summarises the findings and conclusions of Andrew Lawson an evaluation based on studies of the PFM reforms in Burkina Faso, Ghana and Malawi. The evaluation also draws on a global quantitative review. It is found that results tend to be good when there is a strong commitment at both political and technical levels, when reform designs and implementation models are well tailored to the context and when strong, government-led coordination arrangements are in place to monitor and guide reforms. Donor funding for PFM reform has been effective in countries where the context and mechanisms were right for success, and where external funding was focused on the Government’s own reform programme. Evaluation of Public The willingness of some Governments to fund PFM reforms directly shows that external funding may not be the deciding factor, however. Donor pressure to develop comprehensive PFM reform plans and monitoring frameworks can be a positive influence but attempts to overtly influence either the pace or the content of PFM Financial Management Reform reforms were found to be ineffective and often counter-productive. Key lessons for donor agencies are thus to focus on countries where the right preconditions exist, to align to government programmes and, under all circumstances, to ensure that aid works in favour of the PFM system and not against it.
    [Show full text]