Two New Species of Compsosoma Lacordaire from South America (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Compsosomatini)
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PROC. ENTOMOL. SOC. WASH. 116(3), 2014, pp. 283–293 TWO NEW SPECIES OF COMPSOSOMA LACORDAIRE FROM SOUTH AMERICA (COLEOPTERA: CERAMBYCIDAE: LAMIINAE: COMPSOSOMATINI) 1 2 STEVEN W. LINGAFELTER AND JAMES E. WAPPES 1Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Agriculture Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C. 20013-7012, USA. email: [email protected]; 2American Coleoptera Museum, 8734 Paisano Pass, San Antonio, TX, 78255-3523, USA. email: wappes@ earthlink.net urn/lsid/zoobank.org/author/8CB85FB5-19CF-4357-81E3-FE9BFC9B04AA urn/lsid/zoobank.org/author/84274638-E41E-4DF8-9831-AC253ED9E32C Abstract.—Two new species of Compsosoma Lacordaire are described from South America: Compsosoma oculata from Bolivia, Santa Cruz Department, Refugio Los Volcanes and Compsosoma marcelae from Peru, Amazonas Department, 3 km east of Bagua Grande. Compsosoma alboapicalis Breuning is synonymized with Des- miphoropsis variegata (Audinet-Serville). A key to the 13 known species of Compsosoma is presented. Key Words: key, biodiversity, distribution, longhorned woodborer, Neotropics Resumen.—Dos espe´cies nuevas de Compsosoma Lacordaire se describen de Ame´rica del Sur: Compsosoma oculata de Bolı´via, Departamento de Santa Cruz, Refugio los Volcanes y Compsosoma marcelae del Peru´, Departamento de Amazonas, 3 km este del Bagua Grande. Compsosoma alboapicalis Breuning es sino´nimo de Desmiphoropsis variegata (Audinet- Serville). Se presenta una clave para las 13 espe´cies de Compsosoma. Palabras-clave: clave, biodiversidad, distribucio´n, longicorneos, Neotro´picos DOI: 10.4289/0013-8797.116.3.283 urn/lsid/zoobank.org/pub/BF1EEDF4-4C58-4401-B0BD-DBB03D8D558E Compsosoma Lacordaire is a genus of setation, many species resemble large robust, attractive lamiine Cerambycidae orb-web spiders of the family Araneidae. that are convex dorsally with a deflexed Interestingly, early taxonomists of this head. Most have a combination of short, group, including Audinet-Serville (1835) recumbent and long, erect pubescence and Lacordaire (1830), presumed that forming intricate patterns. Superficially, members of the genus could not fly. due to their shape, proportions, color, and However, this is not supported by their 284 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON hindwing development. Several species Websites containing photographs, such have been observed to be girdlers, in- as Bezark’s (2014) photographic catalog cluding C. perpulchrum (Vigors), that of the Cerambycidae of the New World, attacks the invasive Eucalyptus trees in also facilitated this work. Images were South America (Giacomel, 1979; Souza, captured with a Zeiss AxioCam HRc et al., 1995). Species in this genus are camera attached to a Zeiss Discovery. solely South American and known from V20 stereomicroscope with a Sycop mo- French Guiana, Brazil, Peru, Bolivia, torized zoom and focus control. Objec- Paraguay, and Argentina. tives included PlanApo S 1.0X and 0.63X. Although the genus Compsosoma was For illumination, a Zeiss KL 2500 LCD described by Lacordaire in 1830, he did light source with ring light attachment not originally include any species. The was used. Axiovision software enabled first species included are those from preparation of montaged images and Audinet-Serville (1835), e.g. Lamia automatically calibrated measurements. mutillaria Klug, 1825, Compsosoma Illustrations were prepared by Taina Lit- niveosignatum Audinet-Serville, 1835, wak (SEL) using Adobe Photoshop CS 6. and Compsosoma variegatum Audinet- Label data is verbatim and enclosed within Serville, 1835. Desmarest (1860: 325) quotation marks. Separate labels are in- designated Compsosoma niveosignatum dicated by a forward slash “/”. Audinet-Serville, 1835 as the type species. The collection acronyms and institutional Prior to this work, 12 species were abbreviations used in the text are as follows placed in Compsosoma (Monne´, 2014). (note that specimens were not located in all Two new species are described herein, these collections, but they were carefully one from Peru and one from Bolivia. examined for this and other works): Based on discussions with Miguel Monne´ ACMT – American Coleoptera Museum (pers. comm.) we also transfer from (James E. Wappes Collection), San Anto- Compsosoma one species (C. alboapicalis nio, Texas, USA Breuning) into Desmiphoropsis,leaving MNHN – Muse´um national d’Histoire na- 13 species in the genus. We present an turelle, Paris, France identification key to all known species. MNKM – Museo de Historia Natural, Noel Kempff Mercado, Santa Cruz de la Sierra, MATERIALS AND METHODS Bolivia MNRJ – Museu Nacional, Universidade Fed- For more than a decade, numerous eral do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil collecting expeditions to Bolivia involving MZSP – Museu de Zoologia, Universidade many coleopterists were made to diverse de Sa˜o Paulo, Sa˜o Paulo, Brazil localities in Santa Cruz, Cochabamba, SEL – Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Beni, and Tarija Departments. This has USDA, Washington, DC, USA generated a huge amount of material that SWLC – Steven W. Lingafelter Collection, is serving as a basis for our knowledge of North Potomac, Maryland, USA Bolivia’s longhorned beetle biodiversity. USNM – National Museum of Natural History, In addition to these field expeditions, all Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA known collections of Bolivian Ceram- bycidae (acronyms and collections listed below) in the USA, Brazil, and Bolivia RESULTS AND DISCUSSION were examined for additional specimens Diagnosis of Compsosoma.—Body of the new species described herein. robust and thick (averaging 1.75 times as VOLUME 116, NUMBER 3 285 long as wide). Elytra densely pubescent however, in Monne´ (1980), the accurate (with mixture of short appressed and dimension were as follows: 10.4–11.2 mm recumbent pubescence of at least two long (males); 11.4–12.9 mm long (females). colors and long erect setae), weakly to The genus Desmiphoropsis Gounelle was strongly projecting at humeri, tapering considered a subgenus of Compsosoma in posteriorly. Elytral apices rounded to Breuning (1980a), but was elevated to suture. Most species with shiny granules genus by Monne´ (1980). The holotype scattered in basal half of elytra. Prono- label indicates “Brasil” but lacks any tum much narrower than elytra at base, more precise locality or collector data. with variably developed, moderately acute We present the synonymy here, modify- lateral tubercles, post-medially located. ing the entry of Monne´ (2014): Pronotum with variably produced central Desmiphoropsis variegata (Audinet-Serville, swelling at middle and/or sides of disk. 1835: 57) Head moderately to strongly deflexed. Compsosoma alboapicalis Breuning, 1980b: Eyes large; lower lobe occupying most of 69. New synonym head below antennal tubercle and projec- ting strongly, laterally, more so in females. Compsosoma oculata Lingafelter Upper eye lobes separated above by two and Wappes, new species to three times the width of a lobe in males; urn/lsid/zoobank.org/act/9069CFFD- up to four times the width of a lobe in EF6B-4C52-B00A-48D0FA829C51 females. Antennae of males extending (Figs. 1, 2, 3a) beyond elytral apices by about 3 seg- ments; antennae of females not extending Diagnosis.—This species is most beyond elytral apex to extending by less similar to C. monnei Martins & Galileo than 2 segments. Antennae with dense, in size, shape, color, and pubescence. It recumbent pubescence throughout, and differs in having the elytron with the with a fringe of long setae ventrally and angled postmedian white fascia extending mesally. Most species with very dense, posterolaterally into a circular eyespot bright pubescence patches on adjacent (Figs. 1, 2) (C. monnei has the poster- parts of metasternum, metepisternum, omedial white fascia straight and un- mesepimeron, and mesepisternum, that modified). In C. oculata (Fig. 3a), the are distinct from surrounding pubescence. mesoventral margin of the dense white Synonymy of Compsosoma alboapi- fascia of the mesepimeron has a distinct calis Breuning.—Interestingly, Breuning narrowing or notch (in C. monnei [Fig. 3b], (1980a) and Monne´ (1980) both reviewed the white fascia of the mesepimeron is Compsosomatini in the same year. After much broader and lacks a distinct notch Breuning’s “revision”, in the same year, he or narrowing along mesoventral margin). described another species of Compsosoma: Description.—Strongly hemispherical C. alboapicalis (1980b). Through exami- and robust; 10-14 mm long; integument nation of the holotype of C. alboapicalis and appendages reddish-brown, covered Breuning at the MNHN by Miguel with dense, appressed, recumbent, red- Monne´, and examination of the original dish-brown, cinereous, and white pubes- description, it is determined that this spe- cence and long, erect black and white cies is a small example of Desmiphoropsis setae. Head with dense coating of re- variegata (Audinet-Serville, 1835). In the cumbent reddish-brown setae on vertex; original description of C. alboapicalis, cinereous on frons and antennal tuber- Breuning gave the length of 8mm, cles, partially concealing integument; 286 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON Fig. 1. Compsosoma oculata Lingafelter and Wappes, n. sp. Photo of live female specimen taken by SWL on 10 December 2011 at Refugio Los Volcanes, Santa Cruz Department, Bolivia. moderately, coarsely punctate on vertex 3–4 antennomeres; of female by 2. An- and frons; each puncture bearing