Aspect, Time, and Associative Relations in Australian Languages
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5 Aboriginal People and Groundwater
5 ABORIGINAL PEOPLE aND GROUNDWATER ABORIGINAL USE OF GROUNDWATER The content for this section is taken and significance would differ. These resources directly from the Masters Thesis entitled include: Soaks/soakages or native wells, springs/ “ABORIGINAL PEOPLE AND GROUNDWATER” natural springs, mound spring, bores, and by Bradley J. Moggridge (University of hanging swamps. Some simple definitions follow: Technology, Sydney, 2005). For full details, refer to the original thesis document, • Soaks/soakages or native wells: including a comprehensive set of references. These terms refer simply to where groundwater discharges to the ground surface. WARNING – THE AUTHOR OF THIS MATERIAL Landform and vegetation are key indicators. APOLOGISES TO ANY ABORIGINAL PERSON They can occur near rivers, in ephemeral river WHO MAY BE DISTRESSED BY THE MENTION beds, sand hills and near salt lakes. Native OF THE NAMES OF PERSONS WHO MAY NOW wells are simply the traditional means of BE DECEASED. tapping these soaks, and thus dug in areas where soakages were known. They ranged in Aboriginal People in the Australian Landscape depth up to 7 metres but averaged 1.5 metres in depth; they were then filled with debris, Aboriginal people have been part of Australia’s sticks, sand or had covers/caps placed on top landscape for many millennia. There is no exact of the wells, to reduce evaporation and stop date of when Aboriginal people first arrived on animals accessing them and fouling the water. the Australian continent or satisfactory evidence There is also mention that some were curved to indicate they evolved from Australia, but in shape for protection from evaporation and estimates range from 40,000 to 60,000 years larger at the base to give greater capacity. -
Handbook of Western Australian Aboriginal Languages South of the Kimberley Region
PACIFIC LINGUISTICS Series C - 124 HANDBOOK OF WESTERN AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINAL LANGUAGES SOUTH OF THE KIMBERLEY REGION Nicholas Thieberger Department of Linguistics Research School of Pacific Studies THE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY Thieberger, N. Handbook of Western Australian Aboriginal languages south of the Kimberley Region. C-124, viii + 416 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1993. DOI:10.15144/PL-C124.cover ©1993 Pacific Linguistics and/or the author(s). Online edition licensed 2015 CC BY-SA 4.0, with permission of PL. A sealang.net/CRCL initiative. Pacific Linguistics is issued through the Linguistic Circle of Canberra and consists of four series: SERIES A: Occasional Papers SERIES c: Books SERIES B: Monographs SERIES D: Special Publications FOUNDING EDITOR: S.A. Wurm EDITORIAL BOARD: T.E. Dutton, A.K. Pawley, M.D. Ross, D.T. Tryon EDITORIAL ADVISERS: B.W.Bender KA. McElhanon University of Hawaii Summer Institute of Linguistics DavidBradley H.P. McKaughan La Trobe University University of Hawaii Michael G. Clyne P. Miihlhausler Monash University University of Adelaide S.H. Elbert G.N. O'Grady University of Hawaii University of Victoria, B.C. KJ. Franklin KL. Pike Summer Institute of Linguistics Summer Institute of Linguistics W.W.Glover E.C. Polome Summer Institute of Linguistics University of Texas G.W.Grace Gillian Sankoff University of Hawaii University of Pennsylvania M.A.K Halliday W.A.L. Stokhof University of Sydney University of Leiden E. Haugen B.K T' sou Harvard University City Polytechnic of Hong Kong A. Healey E.M. Uhlenbeck Summer Institute of Linguistics University of Leiden L.A. -
Nyikina Paradigms and Refunctionalization: a Cautionary Tale in Morphological Reconstruction
Nyikina Paradigms and Refunctionalization: A Cautionary Tale in Morphological Reconstruction Claire Bowern Yale University Department of Linguistics PO Box 208366 New Haven, CT 06520, USA [email protected] Ph: +1.203.432.2045 Keywords: morphology, Nyulnyulan, Australian languages, exaptation, reconstruction, analogy 1 Abstract Here I present a case study of change in the complex verb morphology of the Nyikina language of Northwestern Australia. I describe changes which lead to reanalysis of underlying forms while preserving much of the inherited phonological material. The changes presented here do not fit into previous typologies of morphological change. Nyikina lost the distinction between past and present, and in doing so, merged two paradigms into one. The former past tense marker came to be associated with intransitive verb stems. The inflected verbs thus continue inherited material, but in a different function. These changes are most parsimoniously described in a theory of word formation which makes reference to paradigms. 1 Introduction 1.1 Background Many types of change can occur in morphology. Studies such as Anderson (1988) and Koch (1996) identified a series of processes which cause change in morphemes. These include, in addition to regular sound change which operates on fully inflected forms, various types of boundary shift (such as the absorption of material into stems or the reanalysis of one morpheme as two), and analogical changes such as paradigm regularization. Inflectional material can also be lost. Other processes are particularly associated with morphological change in complex paradigms, though by no means exclusively so. These include so-called “hermit-crab” morphology – and the related change of “lost wax” – described by Heath (1997, 1998). -
Kimberley Language Resource Centre Submission to the Senate
Kimberley Language Resource Centre ABN: 43 634 659 269 PMB 11 HALLS CREEK WA 6770 phone: (08) 9168 6005 fax: (08) 9168 6023 [email protected] SUBMISSION TO THE STANDING COMMITTEE ON ABORIGINAL AND TORRES STRAIT ISLANDER AFFAIRS FOR THE INQUIRY ON LANGUAGE LEARNING IN INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES AUGUST 2011 KLRC SUBMISSION ON LANGUAGE LEARING IN INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES AUGUST 2011 This document remains the Intellectual Property of the organisation 1 ABOUT THE KIMBERLEY LANGUAGE RESOURCE CENTRE MISSION STATEMENT To advocate for Kimberley languages on all levels To promote recognition that diversity in languages is central to Kimberley culture, land and identity and that Aboriginal languages have value in today’s world. To work in partnership with the diverse Kimberley language communities To ensure Kimberley languages are passed on to children. The KLRC is the only organisation in Australia focussing solely on Kimberley Aboriginal languages. The Kimberley was, and still is, the one of the most linguistically diverse areas in Australia with at least 421 language groups plus additional dialects identified. The KLRC Directors advocate for the 30 or so languages still spoken. The organisation was established in 1984 by Aboriginal people concerned about the effects of colonisation and the continuing impact of Western society on their spoken languages and cultural knowledge. It is beginning its 26th year of operations with a wealth of experience and resources underpinning its service delivery. The organisation is governed by a Board of 12 Directors accountable to a membership from across the region. The office is based in Halls Creek in the East Kimberley. The KLRC provides a forum for developing language policy to strategically revive and maintain (in other words, continue) the Kimberley Aboriginal languages. -
Sea Countries of the North-West: Literature Review on Indigenous
SEA COUNTRIES OF THE NORTH-WEST Literature review on Indigenous connection to and uses of the North West Marine Region Prepared by Dr Dermot Smyth Smyth and Bahrdt Consultants For the National Oceans Office Branch, Marine Division, Australian Government Department of the Environment and Water Resources * July 2007 * The title of the Department was changed to Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts in late 2007. SEA COUNTRIES OF THE NORTH-WEST © Commonwealth of Australia 2007. This work is copyright. You may download, display, print and reproduce this material in unaltered form only (retaining this notice) for your personal, non-commercial use or use within your organisation. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, all other rights are reserved. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to Commonwealth Copyright Administration, Attorney General’s Department, Robert Garran Offices, National Circuit, Barton ACT 2600 or posted at http://www.ag.gov.au/cca Disclaimer The views and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Australian Government or the Minister for the Environment, Heritage and the Arts or the Minister for Climate Change and Water. While reasonable efforts have been made to ensure that the contents of this publication are factually correct, the Commonwealth does not accept responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of the contents, and shall not be liable for any loss or damage that may be occasioned directly or indirectly through the use of, or reliance on, the contents of this publication. -
Aboriginal Men of High Degree Studiesin Sodetyand Culture
])U Md�r I W H1// <43 H1�hi Jew Jn• Terrace c; T LUCIA. .Id 4007 �MY.Ers- Drysdale R. 0-v Cape 1 <0 �11 King Edward R Eylandt J (P le { York Prin N.Kimb �0 cess Ch arlotte Bay JJ J J Peninsula Kalumbur,:u -{.__ Wal.cott • C ooktown Inlet 1r Dampier's Lan by Broome S.W.Kimberley E. Kimberley Hooker Ck. La Grange Great Sandy Desert NORTHERN TERRITORY Port Hedland • Yuendumu , Papanya 0ga Boulia ,r>- Haasts Bluff • ,_e':lo . Alice Springs IY, Woorabin Gibson Oesert Hermannsburg• da, �igalong pe ter I QU tn"' "'= EENSLAND 1v1"' nn ''� • Ayre's Rock nn " "' r ---- ----------------------------L- T omk i nson Ra. Musgrave Ra. Everard Ra Warburton Ra. WESTERN AUSTRALIA Fraser Is. Oodnadatta · Laverton SOUTH AUSTRALIA Victoria Desert New Norcia !) Perth N EW SOUT H WALES Great Australian Bight Port �ackson �f.jer l. W. llill (lr14), t:D, 1.\ Censultlf . nt 1\n·hlk.. l �st Tl·l: ( 117} .171-'l.lS Aboriginal Men of High Degree Studiesin Sodetyand Culture General Editors: Jeremy Beckett and Grant Harman Previous titles in series From Past4 to Pt�vlova: A Comp��rlltivt Study ofIlllli1111 Smlm m Sydney & Griffith by Rina Huber Aboriginal Men of High Degree SECOND EDITION A. P. Elkin THEUNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLANDLffiRARY SOCIALSCIENCES AND HUMANITIES LIBRARY University of Queensland Press First edition 1945 Second edition © University of Queensland Press, St Lucia, Queensland, 1977 This book is copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of private study, research, criticism, or review, as permitted under the Copyright Act, no p�rt may be reproduced by any process without written permission. -
Commonwealth of Australia
COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA Copyright Regulations 1969 Warning This material has been reproduced and communicated to you by or on behalf of The Charles Darwin University with permission from the author(s). Any further reproduction or communication of this material by you may be the subject of copyright protection under the Act. Do not remove this notice Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander THESAURUS First edition by Heather Moorcroft and Alana Garwood 1996 Acknowledgements ATSILIRN conference delegates for the 1st and 2nd conferences. Alex Byrne, Melissa Jackson, Helen Flanders, Ronald Briggs, Julie Day, Angela Sloan, Cathy Frankland, Andrew Wilson, Loris Williams, Alan Barnes, Jeremy Hodes, Nancy Sailor, Sandra Henderson, Lenore Kennedy, Vera Dunn, Julia Trainor, Rob Curry, Martin Flynn, Dave Thomas, Geraldine Triffitt, Bill Perrett, Michael Christie, Robyn Williams, Sue Stanton, Terry Kessaris, Fay Corbett, Felicity Williams, Michael Cooke, Ely White, Ken Stagg, Pat Torres, Gloria Munkford, Marcia Langton, Joanna Sassoon, Michael Loos, Meryl Cracknell, Maggie Travers, Jacklyn Miller, Andrea McKey, Lynn Shirley, Xalid Abd-ul-Wahid, Pat Brady, Sau Foster, Barbara Lewancamp, Geoff Shepardson, Colleen Pyne, Giles Martin, Herbert Compton Preface Over the past months I have received many queries like "When will the thesaurus be available", or "When can I use it". Well here it is. At last the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Thesaurus, is ready. However, although this edition is ready, I foresee that there will be a need for another and another, because language is fluid and will change over time. As one of the compilers of the thesaurus I am glad it is finally completed and available for use. -
82 3.3.4.4.3 Ecogeographic Studies of the Cranial Shape The
82 3.3.4.4.3 Ecogeographic studies of the cranial shape The measurement of the human head of both the living and dead has long been a matter of interest to a variety of professions from artists to physicians and latterly to anthropologists (for a review see Spencer 1997c). The shape of the cranium, in particular, became an important factor in schemes of racial typology from the late 18th Century (Blumenbach 1795; Deniker 1898; Dixon 1923; Haddon 1925; Huxley 1870). Following the formulation of the cranial index by Retzius in 1843 (see also Sjovold 1997), the classification of humans by skull shape became a positive fashion. Of course such classifications were predicated on the assumption that cranial shape was an immutable racial trait. However, it had long been known that cranial shape could be altered quite substantially during growth, whether due to congenital defect or morbidity or through cultural practices such as cradling and artificial cranial deformation (for reviews see (Dingwall 1931; Lindsell 1995). Thus the use of cranial index of racial identity was suspect. Another nail in the coffin of the Cranial Index's use as a classificatory trait was presented in Coon (1955), where he suggested that head form was subject to long term climatic selection. In particular he thought that rounder, or more brachycephalic, heads were an adaptation to cold. Although it was plausible that the head, being a major source of heat loss in humans (Porter 1993), could be subject to climatic selection, the situation became somewhat clouded when Beilicki and Welon demonstrated in 1964 that the trend towards brachycepahlisation was continuous between the 12th and 20th centuries in East- Central Europe and thus could not have been due to climatic selection (Bielicki & Welon 1964). -
Annual Report 2014–15
Annual Report 2014–15 Annual Report 2014–15 Published by the National Gallery of Australia Parkes Place, Canberra ACT 2600 GPO Box 1150, Canberra ACT 2601 nga.gov.au/aboutus/reports ISSN 1323 5192 © National Gallery of Australia 2015 All rights reserved. No part of this publication can be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Prepared by the Governance and Reporting Department Edited by Eric Meredith Designed by Carla Da Silva Pastrello Figures by Michael Tonna Index by Sherrey Quinn Printed by Union Offset Printers Cover: The 2015 Summer Art Scholars with Senior Curator Franchesca Cubillo in the Indigenous Urban gallery, 14 January 2015. 16 October 2015 Senator the Hon Mitch Fifield Minister for Communications Minister for the Arts Minister Assisting the Prime Minister for Digital Government Parliament House CANBERRA ACT 2600 Dear Minister On behalf of the Council of the National Gallery of Australia, I have pleasure in submitting to you, for presentation to each House of Parliament, the National Gallery of Australia’s annual report covering the period 1 July 2014 to 30 June 2015. This report is submitted to you as required by section 39 of the Public Governance, Performance and Accountability Act 2013. It is consistent with the requirements set out in the Commonwealth Authorities (Annual Reporting) Orders 2011, and due consideration has been given to the Requirements for Annual Reports approved by the Joint Committee of Public Accounts and Audit under subsections 63(2) and 70(2) of the Public Service Act 1999 and made available by the Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet on 25 June 2015. -
ANNUAL REPORT 2010-2011 the Kimberley Land Council Is the Native Title Representative Body for the Traditional Owners of the Kimberley Region
ANNUAL REPORT 2010-2011 The Kimberley Land Council is the Native Title Representative Body for the Traditional Owners of the Kimberley region. We represent 29 native title claim groups across the Kimberley. Our organisation was established by Aboriginal people for Ab- original people and was formed during the political upheaval of the great Noonkanbah battle and the struggle for land rights. Our representative area covers 412,451 square kilometres and the KLC has worked hard to deliver native title to our members. The Kimberley is now 65 per cent determined native title land. We stand by our vision to Look after country, Get back country and Get control of our future. As a result, our focus as a grass-roots community organisation, is to work with ourTraditional Owners in the areas of native title, agreement making and land and sea management. Our organisation has a long and proud history and we look to continue to achieve positive outcomes for Kimberley Tradition- al Owners into the future. Kimberley Land Council Kimberley 2010/2011 Land Council Contents PART ONE | INTRODUCTION PART TWO | ACHIEVING THE PART THREE | LOOKING ReportAnnual VISION AFTER COUNTRY Our mission, vision and values .........................................3 Report on performance ........23 Land and sea management Introduction ................................5 Message from the Getting back country | The Overview ....................................83 Chairmen ...................................7 native title claims experience Land and sea projects ............87 Kimberley -
The Evolution of Linguistic Diversity
The Evolution of Linguistic Diversity Daniel Nettle Thesis submitted for the degree of PhD University College London 1996 ProQuest Number: 10044366 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest. ProQuest 10044366 Published by ProQuest LLC(2016). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 ABSTRACT This thesis examines the causes and consequences of diversity in human language. It is divided into three sections, each of which addresses a different aspect of the topic. The first section uses computer simulations to examine various mechanisms which may produce diversity in language: imperfect learning, geographical isolation, selection on the basis of social affiliation, and functional selection amongst linguistic variants. It is concluded that social and functional selection by speakers provide the main motive forces for the divergence of languages. The second section examines the factors influencing the geographical distribution of languages in the world. By far the most important is the ecological regime in which people live. Seasonal climates produce large ethnolinguistic groups because people form large networks of exchange to mitigate the subsistence risk to which they are exposed. -
PUBLISHED VERSION Peter Sutton Cross-Comment on Denham's
PUBLISHED VERSION Peter Sutton Cross-comment on Denham's beyond fictions of closure in Australian Aboriginal kinship Mathematical Anthropology and Cultural Theory, 2013; 5(6):1-7 ©2013 all rights reserved by the author PERMISSIONS Emailed Peter Sutton 6 Feb 2015, advising Full text added. Author to advise if he would prefer his work not to be exposed in this way 6 Feb 2015 http://hdl.handle.net/2440/89093 MATHEMATICAL ANTHROPOLOGY AND CULTURAL THEORY: AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL VOLUME 5 NO. 6 MAY 2013 CROSS - COMMENT ON DENHAM’S BEYOND FICTIONS OF CLOSURE IN AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINAL KINSHIP PETER SUTTON UNIVERSITY OF ADELAIDE, AND SOUTH AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM [email protected] COPYRIGHT 2013 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED BY AUTHOR SUBMITTED: APRIL 1, 2013 ACCEPTED: APRIL 15, 2013 MATHEMATICAL ANTHROPOLOGY AND CULTURAL THEORY: AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ISSN 1544-5879 SUTTON: CROSS - COMMENT ON DENHAM’S BEYOND FICTIONS OF CLOSURE WWW.MATHEMATICALANTHROPOLOGY.ORG MATHEMATICAL ANTHROPOLOGY AND CULTURAL THEORY: AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL VOLUME 5 NO. 6 PAGE 1 OF 6 MAY 2013 CROSS - COMMENT ON DENHAM’S BEYOND FICTIONS OF CLOSURE IN AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINAL KINSHIP PETER SUTTON This cross-comment is intended mainly to enter onto the published record some further well- based statistics on rates of marriage inside and outside the linguistic identity group in Aboriginal Australia. Here I focus on the cases of Mangarla and Nyikina people of the South Kimberley region in north-west Western Australia. Mangarla is a Western Desert linguistic variety and a member of the very large Pama-Nyungan genetic subgroup of Australian languages. Nyikina is a member of the Nyul-Nyulan family, and very far distant from Mangarla in genetic terms.