GK BOOSTER CAPSULE – NOVEMBER 2018
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GK BOOSTER CAPSULE – NOVEMBER 2018
Table of Contents
1. Banks in NEWS ...... 4 2. Digital Initiatives by Banks ...... 5 3. Mergers in Indian Banking Industry ...... 8 4. Indian Currency Notes ...... 9 5. Currency Printing & Coin Minting in India...... 10 6. Types of Banking...... 10 7. Digital Banking ...... 12 9. Monetary Policies ...... 14 10. Important Acts ...... 14 11. Important Financial Institutions ...... 15 12. NBFCs ...... 18 13. Electoral Bonds ...... 19 14. Electronic Fund Transfer at Point of Sale ...... 19 15. Priority Sector Lending ...... 19 16. KYC ...... 20 17. NPA and Recovery ...... 20 18. Financial Inclusion ...... 21 19. Banking Ombudsman Scheme ...... 22 20. Abbreviations ...... 23 21. Capital Market ...... 23 22. Money Market ...... 25 23. Basel Norms ...... 26 24. Maharatna, Navratna & Miniratna Category of PSEs ...... 26 25. List of International Airports in India ...... 27 26. List of Revolutions in India ...... 29 27. Indian & International Bank Taglines ...... 29 28. Union Cabinet Ministers & their Constituency ...... 30 29. Census 2011 ...... 31 30. Rivers, Dams & States ...... 32 31. List of Major Ports in India ...... 33 32. Major Atomic/Thermal/Hydro Power Plants...... 34 33. List of Upcoming Sports Venues ...... 35 34. List of New Appointments ...... 37 35. National Parks & Wildlife Sanctuaries ...... 38 36. Important Days ...... 40
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37. Joint Military Exercises ...... 41 38. Reports & Indices...... 42 39. Classical Folk Dances ...... 42 40. Stock Exchanges Around the World ...... 43 41. Nick Names of Cities ...... 43 42. International Organisations & Headquarters ...... 44 43. Famous Temples ...... 44 44. Stadiums in India ...... 45 45. Boundary Lines ...... 45 46. Books & Authors ...... 46 47. Nobel Prize Winners 2018 ...... 47 48. UNESCO World Heritage Site ...... 47
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1. Banks in NEWS
ICICI Bank • RBI has tweaked the Gold Monetisation • ICICI Bank terminated the contract of Scheme and now it has been extended to former managing director and CEO Chanda charitable institutions, Central Government, Kochhar for violating the bank’s code of State Government or any other entity conduct. Ms. Kochhar, assumed charge as owned by the Government. MD and CEO of ICICI Bank on May 1, 2009 • RBI to cut SLR gradually to 18% by mid- and resigned in October 2018. 2019. The current SLR is 19.5%. • ICICI Securities and Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) has launched 'eATM' facility to enable SLR is the portion of funds which banks are users to receive the pay-out within 30 required to maintain in the form of gold minutes of selling the shares. The new reserves and the government approved service would have a cap of ₹50,000 per securities. client a day and would be applicable on about 600 stocks listed on the BSE Punjab National Bank (PNB) • PNB has partnered with the Uttar Pradesh ESAF Small Finance Bank Ltd government to create a model for • ESAF is now ‘scheduled bank’ ESAF Small digitization at Kumbh Mela 2019. For Finance Bank Ltd has received the RBI’s convenient and hassle-free transactions at approval for inclusion in the second these shops, the bank has created the 'PNB schedule of the RBI Act, 1934. Rupay' card which works even without the Chairman - R Prabha internet. Headquarters - Thrissur, Kerala. • PNB has signed an MoU with Indian Army on the Defence Salary Package to provide Reserve Bank of India free ‘RAKSHAK PLUS’ Scheme. PNB will • The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) relaxed the provide overdraft facility range from Rs restrictions placed on the City Co-operative 0.75 to 3.0 lakhs, multicity ‘At Par’ cheques, Bank Ltd. by allowing the depositors to instant credit of outstation cheques, withdraw ₹5,000. preferential allotment of lockers at City Co-operative Bank Ltd. concessional AMC and free SMS alerts. Chairman - Anandrao Adsul Headquarters – Mumbai IDFC First Bank • IDFC Bank has been merged with NBFC • The Reserve Bank of India launched a 'Capital First' on 18 December 2018. Now it 'Survey on Retail Payment Habits of will be known as 'Capital First'. Individuals (SRPHi)' on 26 December 2018. MD & CEO - V. Vaidyanathan The survey will be conducted in Delhi, Part-time Chairman - Rajiv Lall Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bengaluru, and Guwahati. India Post Bank • RBI has shortlisted TCS, Wipro, IBM India, • India Post Payments Bank has launched Capgemini Technology Services India, Dun internet banking services for all the Post & Bradstreet Information Services India, Office Savings Bank (POSB) account holders and Mindtree Ltd. to set up a digital Public on 14 December 2018. Credit Registry (PCR). • RBI has set up a six-member 'Economic Indian Bank Capital framework' Committee headed by • Indian Bank was imposed a fine of Rs 1 former RBI Governor Bimal Jalan along with crore on for violating cybersecurity norms members Subash Chandra Garg, Economic on 11 December 2018 by RBI. Affairs Secretary, N.S. Vishwanathan, RBI Deputy Governor and two board members IndusInd Bank of the RBI.
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• IndusInd Bank’s Romesh Sobti, MD & CEO to sell SBI Life Insurance products through has been selected as the Business Standard various branches of Allahabad Bank. Banker of the Year for 2017-18. He received • Bancassurance is an arrangement through this award earlier in 2013-14. which an insurance company can sell its • IndusInd Bank’s Romesh Sobti, MD & CEO products through a bank. has been selected as the ‘Business Standard SBI Life Insurance Banker’ of the Year for 2017-18. He CEO & MD - Sanjeev Nautiyal received this award earlier in 2013-14. • The State Bank of India’s UK chief Mr. Sanjiv Chadha has been honoured with the YES Bank ‘Freedom of the City Of London’ by the city • Yes Bank has partnered with Government of of London Corporation in recognition of his Maharashtra to empower more than 20,000 contribution to promoting the bilateral ration shops i.e. e-PDS which can offer last relations. mile basic banking services to more than • Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru was the previous seven lakh beneficiaries. Indian recipient of this award and other Bank of Maharashtra recipient includes author JK Rowling and • BoM has been imposed an Rs 1-crore fine by actor Dame Judi Dench. RBI for non-compliance of 'Know Your Samruddhi Corridor Customer' guidelines and fraud- Nagpur-Mumbai 'Samruddhi Corridor' classification norms. expressway project to be financed by PNB, LIC,
BoB, Bank of Maharashtra led by SBI. SBI has State Bank of India agreed to lend the highest amount, 8,500 crore • SBI will cease to be EPFO fund manager for rupees. retirement fund by the end of March 2019.
As to RBI rules, a bank cannot function as an NABARD asset management company. NABARD under the Companies Act has set up a Currently, SBI, ICICI Securities Primary venture capital entity, 'NABVENTURES Ltd'. to Dealership, Reliance Capital, HSBC AMC and UTI provide early-stage capital to agriculture and AMC are fund managers of the EPFO. rural enterprises.
Chairman - Harsh Kumar Bhanwala • SBI Life has signed a bancassurance pact Headquarters - Mumbai. with Allahabad Bank on 31 December 2018
2. Digital Initiatives by Banks
Bank Scheme and Apps
AIRTEL + Axis Airtel Money Bank
Axis Bank Power Salute: Banking Offers exclusive to Defence Personnel
‘Axis Aha!’: Artificial Intel & machine learning led chatbot to carry out transactions based on conversations.
Asha Home Loans: Tailor-made for people buying their 1st homes.
LIME App: Country’s 1st App which is a Digital Wallet with payments, banking and shopping facilities.
Based on mobile banking transactions, Axis Bank topped the chart by the value of transaction accounting 17.2% of the total mobile banking transaction, according to SBI
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annual report.
Axis bank launched Kisan credit card through which farmers can avail credit upto 250 lakh for a maximum term of 5 years. Card is also giving benefit of insurance coverage of upto Rs 50000/-
Bank of India Instant Money Transfer(IMT): Send payments /cash withdrawal approvals through banks/ATMs using mobile number & secret code. Receiver need not be BOI account holder.
Initiator of ‘Indian Green Card’ for farmers. Started in 1980s.
Bank of ‘Maha Millionaire, Maha Lakhpati’: RD scheme as there is no TDS on interest earned Maharashtra by the depositor in Recurring Deposits.
Canara Bank MWallet-enables you to view wallet balances, ATM Locator, Branch Locator, transfer funds between accounts to wallet and wallet to wallet within the bank
Citi Bank Introduced voice biometrics authentication system for its phone banking clients, replacing current practice of interactive voice response.
Launched instant chat services for its customers named Citibank Online. It is first such customer support service in India by a Bank.
HDFC Chatbot service OnChat. It allows users to make payments through Facebook Messenger
IRA (Intelligent Robotic Assistant), a ‘humanoid’ at its Mumbai branch
Pragati for low income group families
Payzapp is an all-in-one mobile payment and money transfer app.
ICICI EazyPay App for merchants. It allows all in one acceptance payments platform
‘Saral Rural Housing Loan’ Scheme
India’s first ‘Transparent Credit Card’ in association with American Express
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Student Travel Card
ICICI M-Pesa along with Vodafone
Karnataka KBL Suraksha: Personal accident insurance scheme for savings bank account holders Bank Karnataka Bank has launched KBL- Deposit Only Card for their Current account or overdraft customer which will help them in hassle free cash deposit transaction at the bank.
Kerala Gramin FI@School Program: Propagates financial literacy among school children Bank
Kotak KayPay: Facebook-based funds transfer platform Mahindra Bank
Kotak Bharat - mobile banking app
Launched Airtel payment banks in association with Airtel.
Punjab Contactless Credit Card Wave N Pay (on Visa Platinum platform), for transactions up to National Bank INR 2000
RBL Bank India’s first credit card exclusively for GOLF LOVERS
‘Aadhaar Payment Bridge System’ (APBS) for small ticket microfinance loan disbursement
SBI MobiCash Mobile Wallet, in association with Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL).
Boutique Financing SCHEME
E-wallet-Buddy: First Indian Mobile Wallet Application available in 13 Languages.
YONO (You Only Need One App)- One app for all the banking, shopping and investment needs.
SBI-Intouch-Digital branches across the country with an aim to offer advanced banking services like instant loan approvals, assistance in choosing investment portfolios and access to latest mutual funds among others.
Vijaya Bank 3 innovative apps VPAYQWIK, Vijaya *99# and VeConnect+
Yes Bank ‘Yes Mobile 2.0’ a new mobile banking app with multiple more features and support for banking transactions on Apple and Android based Smart Watches
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‘SIMsePAY’ service: It allows any account holder to do money transfers, pay utility bills and other mobile banking services, without any smart phones or internet, based on sim sleeve technology
Unique Customizable Savings Account to enable customers to design an account as per their convenience
Corporation Corporation Bank. has obtained the ‘‘Investor Relations Awards 2018’ under the Bank category Best Expectation Management (Mid Cap) for the financial-year 2017-18.
Bank of Baroda Bank of Baroda has given the direction to IT majors IBM & Accenture to create an IT Centre of Excellence (ITCoE) and Analytics Centre of Excellence (ACoE) as part of the bank’s strategy to use technology to drive growth.
PayTM Paytm introduced automatic recurring payments, a new feature that lets users configure the payments app to pay for periodic recurring expenses automatically
3. Mergers in Indian Banking Industry
Name of the Name of the Year of Hyderabad (SBH) Banks Banks that got Merging Acquired Merged State Bank of 2017 Mysore (SBM)
IDFC & Capital State Bank of IDFC First 2019 2017 First Patiala (SBP)
Punjab Gramin Kotak ING Vysya Bank 2016 New Regional Bank, Malwa Mahindra Bank 2019 Rural Bank Gramin Bank, and Sutlej Gramin Bank ICICI Bank Bank of Rajasthan 2010
Dena Bank, Vijaya State Bank of State Bank of 2009 Bank of Baroda Bank, Bank of 2018 India Indore Baroda State Bank of State Bank of 2008 Bharatiya Mahila India Saurashtra 2017 Bank (BMB) Centurion Bank of HDFC Bank 2008 State Bank of Punjab 2017 SBI Travancore (SBT) Centurion Bank Lord Krishna Bank 2007 State Bank of of Punjab Bikaner and Jaipur 2017 Indian Bharat Overseas (SBBJ) 2007 Overseas Bank Bank State Bank of 2017 IDBI Bank United Western 2006
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Bank Ltd. Commercial Bank
Ganesh Bank of South Gujarat Federal Bank 2006 Bank of Baroda 2004 Kurundwad Local Area Bank
Bank of Punjab Bareilly Centurion Bank 2005 (BoP) Bank of Baroda Corporation Bank 1998 Ltd. IDBI Bank IDBI Limited 2005 Limited Oriental Bank Bari Doab Bank 1997 of Commerce Ltd Oriental Bank Global Trust Bank 2004 of Commerce (GTB) Oriental Bank Punjab Co- 1997 of Commerce operative Bank Punjab Nedungadi Bank 2003 National Bank United Industrial Allahabad Bank 1989 Bank Limited Bank of Baroda Benares State Bank 2002 Central Bank of Purvanchal Bank 1990 ICICI Bank India Ltd. ICICI Limited 2002 Limited Parur Central Bank Bank of India 1990 ICICI Bank Bank of Madura 2001 Ltd.
HDFC Bank Times Bank 2000 State Bank of National Bank of 1970 India Lahore Ltd. Union Bank of Sikkim Bank 1999 India State Bank of Bank of Bihar Ltd 1969 India State Bank of Kashinath State 1995 India Bank Hindustan Punjab Commercial Bank 1986 National Bank Bank of India Bank of Karad 1994 Ltd.
Punjab Bank of Thanjavur New Bank of India 1993 Indian Bank 1990 National Bank Ltd
State Bank of Bank of Cochin 1985 Bank of Baroda Traders Bank Ltd 1988 India Indian Bank of Tamil 1990 Canara Bank Lakshmi 1985 Overseas Bank Nadu
4. Indian Currency Notes
Currency Dimen- Motifs/ Colour 50 66x135 Hampi with Fluorescent Notes sions Design Chariot Blue (mm) 100 66×142 Rani Ki Vav Lavender 10 63x123 Sun temple Chocolate brown 200 66x146 Sanchi Bright Stupa Yellow
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500 44x150 Red Fort Stone Grey
2000 66x166 Mangalyaan Magenta
5. Currency Printing & Coin Minting in India
Currency Printing and Coin Minting in India is and Bhutan. It has following Currency Presses mainly catered by two organisations, namely and Coin Mints under it, Bharatiya Reserve Bank Note Mudran Private Limited (BRBNMPL) and Security Printing Nashik - The bank note printing in India started and Minting Corporation of India Limited in 1928 with the establishment of India Security (SPMCIL). Press at Nashik by Government of India.
Bharatiya Reserve Bank Note Mudran Pvt Ltd Dewas (MP) - The second bank note printing is a wholly owned subsidiary of RBI supplying a press was established in Dewas (Madhya major portion of bank note requirement in India. Pradesh) in 1975 by Government of India. The BRBNMPL was incorporated as a Private Limited Company on 3rd February 1995. It has Coin Minting in India two currency presses under it, Mumbai - It was established in 1829.
Bombay(Mumbai) Mint has a diamond under Mysore - The demand for banknotes has been the date of the coin(year of issue). steadily increasing. To bridge the demand and supply gap, the Government of India decided to Alipore (Kolkata) - It was established in 1757. establish the new bank note printing press at Kolkata mint has no mark under the date of the Mysore(Karnataka). coin(year of issue).
Salboni – Salboni or Salbani, situtated in West Saifabad (Hyderabad) - It was established in the Bengal is the second unit under BRBNMPL. The 17th century. Hyderabad Mint has a star under present capacity of both the presses is around the date of the coin(year of issue). The other 16 million note pieces per year. mint marks from Hyderabad include a split
diamond and a dot in the diamond. The Bharatiya Reserve Bank Note Mudran Pvt Ltd made a world record in the financial year Cherlapally (Hyderabad) - It was established in 2016-17 by printing more than 20,000 million the 17th century. Hyderabad Mint has a star pieces of bank notes. under the date of the coin(year of issue). The
other mint marks from Hyderabad include a Security Printing and Minting Corporation of split diamond and a dot in the diamond. India Ltd is wholly owned Mini-Ratna Central Public Sector Enterprise (CPSE) under Noida (UP) - It was established in 1988. Noida th Government of India. It was established on 13 mint has a dot under the year of issue(coin January 2006 in New Delhi. SPMCIL prints bank date). notes not only for India but also for foreign countries like Iraq, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Myanmar
6. Types of Banking
Merchant Banking (1) Deals in commercial loans and investments. Overseas Banking (2) Purpose: Facilitate and/or finance (1) The kind of banking in which bank operates production and trade of commodities. its branches outside India. It Provides and (3) Offerings: Issue management, portfolio ensures stateside like banking services and management, credit syndication, acceptance specialized services required to conduct credit, counsel on mergers and acquisitions, financial transactions. insurance, etc.
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(2) Offerings: Online loan application system (4) 11 banks that RBI, under PCA, is turning into that reduces the need for paperwork and Narrow Banks:- Allahabad Bank, United Bank of provides customers with instant loan decision. India, Corporation Bank, IDBI Bank, UCO Bank, Bank of India, and Central Bank of India, Indian Offshore Banking Overseas Bank, Oriental Bank of Commerce, (1) Bank accepts currencies of countries abroad. Dena Bank, Bank of Maharashtra. (2) Provides financial and legal benefits like privacy and minimal taxation. What is Deposit Insurance? Money of customers who deposit money in the banks is insured by DICGC. And the customers who take loans from banks are Islamic Banking guaranteed of money by DICGC. (1) Islamic banking is a kind of banking activity DICGC is a wholly owned subsidiary of RBI, which strictly follows the principles of the established on 15 July 1978 under Deposit Islamic law (Sharia). Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation (2) A better and more apt term for Islamic Act, 1961 for providing insurance of deposits banking is Sharia Compliant Finance. and guaranteeing of credit facilities to the In late 2008, a committee on Financial Sector customers of banks. Reforms, headed by former RBI governor
Raghuram Rajan, had stressed on the need for Green Banking a closer look at the issue of interest-free banking (1) Promoting environmental-friendly in the country. However, the Reserve Bank of Practices India (RBI) has decided not to pursue a proposal (2) Encourages reducing carbon footprint from for introduction of Islamic banking in the banking activities. country. (1) Institute for Development and Research defines Green Banking as an umbrella term that Para banking refers to (1) Activities which are excluded from routine bank-work (deposits, withdrawals, giving credit, (1) Practices & guidelines that make banks etc.) are para banking activities. sustainable in economic, environment and social (2) Banks can undertake certain eligible dimensions. financial services or activities. (2) It aims to use IT and physical infrastructure (3) Para Banking activities which for banks are in a efficient and effective way, with zero or limited to those permitted by RBI. minimal impact on the environment. (4) Example: Insurance, portfolio management (3) IDRBT offers guidelines for greening banking services, to become pension fund managers, at 2 levels: mutual funds business, money market mutual (i) Making day-to-day business operations, funds, underwriting of bonds of PSUs, banking products and services greener by investment in venture capital funds, etc. following simple practices and making them environmentally friendly. (ii) Making IT infrastructure (including data center) and physical infrastructure (including buildings) greener.
For example taking initiatives so that a bank could itself generate electricity for its own consumption
Narrow Banking (Safe Banks) Retail Banking (1) Narrow banks do not lend money and are (1) Retail banking refers to consumer- therefore called ‘safe banks’. Hence, they carry oriented services offered by commercial ‘zero credit risk’. banks. Eg. savings accounts, mortgages and (2) They use the deposits done by customers to various types of loans and investment buy government bonds only. services relating to retirement and (3) Advantages: (i) No danger of NPAs (ii) RBI educational planning. can easily supervise them (iii) ‘Deposit (2) Retail assets of a bank: All borrower Insurance’ is not required relationships and relationships with small businesses. Thus, including credit cards,
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GK BOOSTER CAPSULE – NOVEMBER 2018 auto loans, mortgages, personal loans, and developers & investors, international trade small business loans. finance businesses, etc. (3) How do retail banks earn money: By lending money to customers at a higher Universal Banking rate than they pay to depositors. The (1) Recommended by R H Khan difference, known as the margin or turn, is committee. (2) It means allowing kept by the bank. For example, if a bank Financial Institutions & banks to carry out pays 1% interest on deposits, they may all types of banking or development charge 6% interest on loans. financing activity (as allowed and permitted by RBI, Govt. & related legal Wholesale Banking Acts). (1) Services provided to organisations such as mortgage Brokers, large corporate clients, mid-sized companies, real estate Type Movable Movable Immovable advance Stocks, etc. against Posse- With With With NSC, etc. ssion Lender Borrower Borrower
Example Goods Assets like Housing like Gold Vehicle, Loan loan Machines
7. Digital Banking
NPCI payments, even if they don’t own a smartphone (1) National Payments Corporation of India or have access to the internet - just by dialling (NPCI) is an umbrella organization for all retail *99# payments system in India. (2) Was launched by NPCI in 2014 (2) It aims to allow all Indian citizens to have (3) On their mobile phones, banking customers unrestricted access to e - payment services. can avail the service by dialing *99#, a “Common (3) Headquarter: Mumbai number across all Telecom Service Providers Non-Executive Chairman: Biswamohan (TSPs)”. After that an interactive menu gets Mahapatra and MD and CEO: Dilip Asbe displayed on the mobile screen to facilitate (4) RBI Nominee Director: Mr. Sudarshan Sen. transactions. (5) It was incorporated in December 2008 & the (4) One can check status of his/her Aadhaar Certificate of Commencement of Business was number seeding/linking in the bank account. issued in April 2009. The authorized capital was (5) The service works across all GSM service pegged at Rs 300 crore & paid up capital was Rs providers & brings together diverse ecosystem 100 crore. partners such as Banks & TSPs (Telecom Service The National Payments Corporation of India Providers). (NPCI) has allowed Facebook-owned WhatsApp to beta test its BHIM UPI beta payments service with limited user base of 1 BHIM million and low transaction limit. Four banks (1) Bharat Interface for Money is a mobile app will join social messaging app’s BHIM UPI developed by NPCI, based on the Unified model in phases and full feature product will Payment Interface (UPI) - with zero be released after beta test is successful. transaction charges. (2) The aim is to make it easy for everyone to allow digital payments directly from the bank account. BHIM allow users to send or receive USSD money to or from UPI payment addresses, or to (1) Unstructured Supplementary Service Data non-UPI based accounts. (using mobile number (USSD) allows users to check their balance and or Virtual Payment Address or VPA.) get mini statements, along with making
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(3) It was launched by PM Modi on 30th Dec (3)There is no minimum and maximum limit for 2016. It is dedicated to Dr. Bhimrao cash remittance for NEFT. However, the Ambedkar. maximum amount per transaction is limited to ₹ (4) Works on Android, iOS & Windows. 50,000. (5) It is available in 12 languages. (4) In contrast with NEFT system, there is a Famous Actor Shushant Singh Rajput will also minimum limit of Rs.2,00,000 to be transferred promote Bharat Interface for Money (BHIM) through RTGS. Though there is no maximum digital payments app for cashless economy by limit. appearing in various video, print and social media cashless economy by appearing in various video, print and social media CTS campaigns of NITI Aayog. (1) Launched: 1 February 2008 (2) Cheque Truncation System (CTS) or Image- based Clearing System (ICS) is based on a cheque truncation or online image-based cheque UPI clearing system where cheque images and (1) Unified Payments Interface (Regulated by Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR) data RBI) is an instant real-time payment system are captured at the collecting bank branch and developed by National Payments Corporation of transmitted electronically.(4) Cheque India facilitating inter-bank transactions. Truncation System (CTS) is a cheque clearing (2) UPI withdraws and deposits funds directly system undertaken by the Reserve Bank of India from the bank account whenever a transaction is (RBI) for faster clearing of cheques. requested. (3) It uses Virtual Payment Address, Account Number with IFSC Code, Mobile Number with IFSC MMID, Aadhaar Number. (1) The Indian Financial System Code (IFS Code MobiKwik one of the largest digital service or IFSC) is an alphanumeric code that facilitates provider platform, announced the launch of electronic funds transfer in India. Unified Payments Interface (UPI) on its (2) A code uniquely identifies each bank branch platform via its own Virtual payment address participating in the two main Payment and (VPA) handle @ikwik. settlement systems in India: the Real Time Gross Settlement (RTGS) and the National Electronic Fund Transfer (NEFT) systems. IMPS (3) The IFSC is an 11-character code with the (1) Launched in 2010, immediate payment first four alphabetic characters representing the service (IMPS) is an instant real-time inter-bank bank name, and the last six characters (usually electronic (mobile, online banking, ATM) funds umeric, but can be alphabetic) representing the transfer system in India. branch. The fifth character is ‘zero’ and reserved (2) It uses mobile number or Aadhaar number to for future use. Bank IFS Code is used by the connect with a bank account,Mobile Money NEFT & RTGS systems to route the messages to Identifier (MMID) is a 7 digit number, issued by the destination banks/branches. banks. It is clubbed with mobile number to facilitate fund transfer. As per a recent NPCI data, the number of transactions through IMPS crossed 100 SWIFT million marks in March 2018 and touched a (1) The Society for Worldwide Interbank high of 120.4 million in June. Financial Telecommunication (SWIFT) provides a network that enables financial institutions worldwide to send and receive information about financial transactions in a secure, RTGS & NEFT standardized and reliable environment. (1) Real-Time Gross Settlement systems (RTGS) (2) Headquarter: La Hulpe, Belgium; are funds transfer systems where transfer of (3) Chairman: Yawar Shah; CEO: Gottfried money or securities takes place from one bank Leibbrandt. to another on a "real-time" and on "gross" basis.
(2) National Electronic Funds Transfer (NEFT) ACU is a nation-wide payment system facilitating (1) Established: December 9, 1974 one-to-one funds transfer.
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(2) Headquarters: Tehran, Iran clearing payments among the member countries (3) The aim of ACU was to secure regional co- on a multilateral basis. operation about the settlement of eligible monetary transactions to provide a system for
9. Monetary Policies
INDICATORS CURRENT RATE 4. REVERSE REPO RATE CRR 4% Reverse Repo Rate is the rate at which the SLR 19.25% Central Bank of a country borrows money from Commercial Banks within the country. It is a Repo Rate 6.25% monetary policy instrument which can be used Reverse Repo Rate 6.00% to control the money supply in the country. MSF 6.50% Bank Rate 6.50%
1. CASH RESERVE RATIO Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) is a specified minimum fraction of the total deposits of customers, which Commercial Banks must hold as reserves either in cash or as deposits with the 5. BANK RATE Central Bank. Bank rate is the rate charged by the Central
2. STATUTORY LIQUIDITY RATIO Bank for lending funds to Commercial Banks.
Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR) is the Indian 6. MARGINAL STANDING FACILITY Government term for the reserve requirement Marginal Standing Facility (MSF) is the rate at that the Commercial Banks in India are required to maintain in the form of cash, gold reserves, which scheduled banks could borrow funds government approved securities before overnight from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) providing credit to the customers. against approved government securities.
3. REPO RATE 7. OPEN MARKET OPERATIONS Repo Rate is the rate at which the Central Bank Open Market Operations (OMO) refer to buying of a Country (Reserve Bank of India in case of and selling of government securities in the open market to expand or contract the amount of India) lends money to Commercial Banks in the money in the Banking System. event of any shortfall of funds.
10. Important Acts
1. RBI Act NABARD was established by Act 61, 1982 of the Parliament to implement the National Bank for The Reserve Bank of India Act 1934 is an Act to Agriculture and Rural Development Act 1981. constitute a Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and provide the Central Bank with various powers to 3.RRB Act act as the Central Bank of India. The RRB Act 1976 was adopted to provide 2.NABARD Act sufficient banking and credit facility for agriculture. 4.BANKING REGULATION Act
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The Banking Regulation Act, 1949 is a legislation given statutory powers on 30 January 1992 in India that regulates all Banking firms in India. through the SEBI Act, 1992.
5.SEBI Act 6. Negotiable Instruments Act 1881
The Securities and Exchange Board of India According to Section 13 of the Negotiable (SEBI) is the regulator for the securities market Instruments Act, "A negotiable instrument in India. It was established in the year 1988 and means a promissory note, bill of exchange or cheque payable either to order or to bearer.
11. Important Financial Institutions
1. RBI under the automatic route to 7:1.
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is India's 2. NABARD Central Banking Institution which controls the monetary policy of Indian rupee. It commenced its operations on 1 April 1935 in accordance with the Reserve Bank of India Act 1934. Urjit Patel is the governor of RBI.
RBI has revised its priority sector lending guidelines for housing loan under Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojna. Housing Loan of up to Rs 35 Lakh for dwelling costing less than 45 Lakh will be treated as PSL to uplift low cost segment to the society.
RBI has now extended Liquidity Adjustment Facility (LAF) to Scheduled State Co-operative Banks (StCBs) which are CBS enabled and have CRAR of at least 9%.
According to the new norms of IFSC Banking Units (IBU), the parent bank is required to provide a minimum capital of USD 20mn to start their IBU operations and should maintain the minimum prescribed regulatory capital on an on-going basis.
Sudha Balakrishnan is the first ever Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). National Bank for Agriculture and Rural RBI has signed a MoU with Insolvency and Development (NABARD) is India's specialised Bankruptcy Board of India for cooperation in Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development in effective implementation of insolvency laws. India. NABARD was established by Act 61, 1981 of Parliament on 12 July 1982 to implement the RBI has rationalised and liberalised the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural External Commercial Borrowings (ECB) Development Act 1981. Policy to include more sectors in the window HQ: Mumbai to facilitate cheaper access of overseas funds Chairman: Dr. Harsh Kumar Bhanwala with a uniform all-in-cost ceiling of 450bps Subsidiaries of NABARD: NABCONS, NABFINS, over the benchmark rate. It has also increased ABFL. the ECB Liability to Equity Ratio for ECB raised from direct foreign equity holder Repco Micro Finance Ltd, a non-banking
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GK BOOSTER CAPSULE – NOVEMBER 2018 finance company received NABARD 2018 4. NATIONAL HOUSING BANK award. Housing Bank (NHB), a wholly owned subsidiary The NABARD is funding the central and state of Reserve Bank of India (RBI), was set up on 9 share of 99 prioritized irrigation projects July 1988 under the National Housing Bank Act, under the PMKSY through long-term 1987. irrigation fund (LTIF).
3. SEBI
The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) is the regulator for the securities market in India. It was established in the year 1988 and given statutory powers on 30 January 1992 through the SEBI Act, 1992.
Initiatives by SEBI : The National Housing Bank (NHB) has (a) Capital Protection Oriented Schemes: sanctioned around Rs 3,018 crore under the The SEBI (Mutual Funds) Regulations, 1996 credit-linked subsidy scheme (CLSS) of the were amended so as to permit the launch of Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY). Capital Protection Oriented schemes. MD and CEO of NHB - Sriram Kalyanaraman. (b)Dispatch of Statement of Accounts: SEBI directed mutual funds to dispatch the 5. EXIM BANK statement of accounts to the unit holders under Systematic Investment Plan (SIP) / Export–Import Bank of India is the premier Systematic Transfer Plan (STP) / Systematic export finance institution in India, established in Withdrawal Plan (SWP) once every quarter 1982 under Export-Import Bank of India Act ending March, June, September and December 1981. within ten working days of the end of the respective quarter. The Cabinet approved a joint research on the distributed ledger and blockchain technology (c)Gold Exchange Traded Funds: by Export-Import Bank of India (Exim Bank) SEBI amended the SEBI (Mutual Funds) with member-banks of Brazil, Russia, India, Regulations, 1996 to specify the methodology China and South Africa (BRICS). for the valuation of gold for the purpose of Gold Exchange Traded Funds (GETFs). 6. DICGC
(d) Real Estate Mutual Fund (REMF): Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee REMF Scheme means a scheme of a mutual Corporation (DICGC) is a subsidiary of Reserve fund which has investment objective to invest Bank of India. It was established on 15 July 1978 directly or indirectly in real estate property under Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee and shall be governed by the provisions and Corporation Act, 1961. guidelines under SEBI (Mutual Funds) HQ: Mumbai; Regulations. Chairman: N S Vishwanathan
(e) Standard Warning in Advertisements 8. SIDBI by Mutual Funds. In order to improve the manner in which the Small Industries Development Bank of India said message was conveyed to the investors, (SIDBI) is a development financial institution in it was decided in consultation with AMFI that India. It was established on 2nd April 1990. with effect from April 1, 2008, the time for display and voice over and audio Small Industries Development Bank of advertisements of the standard warning be India (SIDBI) and Common Service Centres enhanced to five seconds. (CSC) Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) signed MoU for providing financial Support village level entrepreneurs in CSCs.
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Vehicles Act. The Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) celebrates its foundation day on (e) IRDAI sets up a panel to identify 2nd April every year. Systemically Important Insurers (SII): This panel will be headed by Pravin Kutumbe, 9. IFC Member ofFinance & Investment, IRDAI. The panel will also develop a paper on assessment The International Finance Corporation (IFC) is methodology for SIIs in India and recommend an International Financial Institution that offers enhanced supervision for them. investment, advisory, and asset-management services to encourage private-sector development in developing countries. It was established in 20 July 1956. 11. NITI AAYOG
10. IRDAI The National Institution for Transformation of India also known as the NITI Aayog has been The Insurance Regulatory and Development created to serve as a think tank for the Authority of India (IRDAI) is an autonomous, Government of India. NITI Aayog acts as the statutory body tasked with regulating and major platform of the Government of India to promoting the insurance and reinsurance bring States to act together in national interest, industries in India. and thereby fosters Cooperative Federalism.
Initiatives by IRDAI : Initiatives by NITI :
(a) Insurers to cover mental illness under (a) Agreement with Microsoft for AI: medical insurance policy: NITI Aayog has inked an agreement with According to provisions of the Act, mental Microsoft India to deploy artificial health care includes analysis and diagnosis of intelligence (AI) technologies to address person’s mental condition and treatment as challenges in agriculture and healthcare and well as care and rehabilitation of such person promote adoption of local language for his mental illness or suspected mental computing among others. illness. (b)South Asian Regional Conference on (b)Suresh Mathur Committee: Urban Infrastructure: IRDAI has set up 10-member It was organised by NITI Aayog in New Delhi committeeheaded by Suresh Mathur, to in partnership with United Nations Economic review norms related to Insurance Marketing and Social Commission for Asia and Pacific Firms with an aim to increase insurance (UNESCAP) and Asian Development Bank. penetration in the country. (c)Himalayan State Regional Council: (c)IRDAI’s admission as a Signatory to NITI Aayog has constituted Himalayan State IAIS, MMoU: Regional Council to ensure sustainable The Union Cabinet has approved IRDAI’s development of the Himalayan Region. admission as a signatory to International Association of Insurance Supervisors (IAIS), (d) Transforming India Lecture Series: Multilateral Memorandum of Understanding As the government’s premier think-tank, NITI (MMoU). Aayog views knowledge building & transfer as the enabler of real transformation in (d) No Vehicle Insurance without Pollution States. Certificate: IRDAI has made it mandatory for every vehicle owner to have a valid PUC certificate to comply with the prescribed emission norms. A vehicle without such certificate is liable to be prosecuted under the Motor
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12. NBFCs
A non-banking institution is a company having principal business of receiving deposits under any scheme or arrangement in one lump sum or in instalments by way of contributions or in any other manner, is known as non-banking financial company.
According to RBI, A Non-Banking Financial Company (NBFC) is a company registered under the Companies Act, 1956 engaged in the business of loans and advances, acquisition of securities, etc. issued by Government or local authority or other marketable securities of a like nature, leasing, hire-purchase, insurance business, chit business.
NBFCs are categorized :
(a) In terms of the type of liabilities into Deposit and Non-Deposit accepting NBFCs,
(b) Non deposit taking NBFCs by their size into systemically important and other non- deposit holding companies (NBFC-NDSI and NBFC-ND),
(c) By the kind of activity they conduct. 3. Loan Company (LC)
Types of NBFCs: ➢ LC means any company which is a financial institution carrying on as its principal 1. Asset Finance Company (AFC) business the providing of finance whether by making loans or advances or otherwise ➢ An AFC’s principal business is financing of for any activity other than its own but does physical assets supporting not include an Asset Finance Company. productive/economic activity, such as automobiles, tractors, lathe machines, 4. Infrastructure Finance Company (IFC) generator sets, earth moving and material handling equipment, moving on own power ➢ IFC is a non-banking finance company a) and general purpose industrial machines. which deploys at least 75% of its total assets in infrastructure loans, b) has a minimum 2. Investment Company (IC) Net Owned Funds of ₹ 300 crore, c) has a minimum credit rating of ‘A ‘or equivalent d) and a CRAR of 15%. ➢ IC means any company which is a financial institution carrying on as its principal 5. Infrastructure Debt Fund business the acquisition of securities. ➢ IDF-NBFC is a company registered as NBFC to facilitate the flow of long term debt into infrastructure projects. IDF-NBFC raise resources through issue of Rupee or Dollar denominated bonds of minimum 5 year maturity. Only Infrastructure Finance Companies (IFC) can sponsor IDF-NBFCs.
6. Mortgage Guarantee Companies (MGC)
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➢ MGC are financial institutions for which at ➢ NBFC - NOFHC is financial institution least 90% of the business turnover is through which promoter / promoter groups mortgage guarantee business or at least will be permitted to set up a new bank. A 90% of the gross income is from mortgage wholly-owned NOFHC will hold the bank as guarantee business and net owned fund is ₹ well as all other financial services 100 crore. companies regulated by RBI or other financial sector regulators, to the extent 7. Non-Operative Financial Holding Company permissible under the applicable regulatory (NOFHC) prescriptions.
13. Electoral Bonds
Announced: Scheme Union Budget 2017 Electoral bonds will be valid for only 15 days and will not carry the name of the payee. Aim: (1) Alternative to cash donations. So that transparency in political funding can increase. Bonds can be bought from SBI branches at (2) Elimination of unaccounted and anonymous Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata and New Delhi. donations to political parties. (3) In a way fights black money. Electoral bonds can be bought for any amount in multiples of Rs. 1000, Rs.10,000, Rs.1 Lakh, Points to Remember: Rs.10 lakh and Rs. 1 crore.
India is the 1st country in the world to have a Purchaser must pay from KYC - compliant bank unique bond for electoral funding. account.
Electoral bonds are made available for 10 days Bonds can be donated to a registered political in January, April, July and October. party only.
Any Indian citizen or a body incorporated in India can buy these bonds.
14. Electronic Fund Transfer at Point of Sale
Electronic Funds Transfer At Point Of Sale Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT) - It is also (EFTPOS) is a payment system that allows faster known as e-transfer and indicates the transfer of and safer digital fund transfers at payment money between accounts by consumer terminals using debit or credit cards. electronic systems such as automated teller machines (ATMs), and electronic payment of EFTPOS was first introduced in the US in bills. 1981 and rolled out in 1982, after that several other countries followed the suit. Point of Sale (POS) - is the location where a sales transaction occurs 15. Priority Sector Lending
Priority sector was first properly defined in 1972 by Dr. K S Krishnaswamy committee. Priority Sector Lending is an important role given by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to the banks for providing a specified portion of the bank lending to few specific sectors.
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As per the RBI circular of July 7, 2016, there are sector lending has been made a salient feature of 8 broad categories of the PSL viz. banking mainly due to the social and economic (1) Agriculture objectives that underlie PSL. However, banks are (2) Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises also required to keep certain amount to (3) Export Credit maintain Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR) and (4) Education from the remaining disposable amount, 40 per (5) Housing cent is dedicated for the priority sector. Thus, (6) Social Infrastructure large fraction of banks’ resources causes the so (7) Renewable Energy called “Double Repression” on the banking (8) weaker sections. system. The economic survey has brought this issue to the forefront and has recommended Private sector lending is essentially meant for an thegovernment to restructureSLR and all-round development of the economy and not PrioritySector Lending. just focus on the financial sector.
Private sector lending is also linked to the Double Financial Repression. In India, private
16. KYC
KYC or ‘Know Your Customer’ is nothing but the guidelines. RBI has also imposed a penalty of process of banks asking for your identity proof. Rs 5 cr on south Indian bank for non- This prevents fraud and misuse of banking compliance with its directions on Income facility.It is similar to a security check. Recognition and Asset Classification (IRAC) norms, Know Your Customer (KYC) norms The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has made and treasury function. linking of national biometric ID Aadhaar to bank accounts mandatory as part of its updated 'Know Your Customer (KYC)'
17. NPA and Recovery
What is an NPA? Classification of NPAs for Agriculture loans: Non-performing assets are bad loans. Once a A loan will be treated as an NPA if instalment borrower fails in payment of interest or of the principal or interest remains unpaid instalment of the principal or both for 90 beyond the due date for days at least, the loan is considered an NPA. (i) two crop seasons in case of short duration crops (maturing within one year); Rise in NPAs has taken a toll on stock prices of (ii) one crop season for long duration crops most of these banks. So, RBI rules require that (maturing after one year). banks should set aside certain amount of money (provisioning) for the NPAs. NPAs are classified To recover the NPAs, many measures have been as sub – standard, doubtful and loss-making taken, like: Provisioning, CAR norms, assets for provisioning requirements Securitization law, Foreclosure, Norms, One- time settlement, Interest Waiver, Write-offs, NPA for a period less Debt recovery tribunals, Asset reconstruction Substandard asset than or equal to 12 companies months. NPA for a period of With a view to bringing convergence of the Doubtful asset more than 12 Priority Sector Lending guidelines for housing months. loans with the Affordable Housing Scheme, NPA for a period of and to give a relaxation to low-cost housing Loss asset more than 36 months for the Economically Weaker Sections the
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GK BOOSTER CAPSULE – NOVEMBER 2018 housing loan limits for eligibility under have built – in professional expertise, handles priority sector lending will be revised to Rs recovery as their core business. 35 lakh in metropolitan centres from Rs 28 (2) ARCs buy bad loans from banks and try to and to Rs 25 lakh from Rs 20 lakh earlier in restructure them and collect them. ARC is other centres, provided the dwelling cost formed under SARFAESI Act, 2002. does not exist Rs 45 lakh. (3) Under this Bank / FIs have the power to sell their bad loans. The loans which are of 1 lakh or SARFAESI ACT 2002 more fall in this category (1) The Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Securities Debt Recovery Tribunal Interest Act, 2002 (also known as the SARFAESI (1) The Government of India has constituted 38 Act) is an Indian law. It allows banks and other Credit Recovery Tribunals (DRT) and financial institution to auction residential or constituted the 5 Debt Restore Appeal Tribunal commercial properties to recover loans. (DRAT) across the country. (2) It is used to expedite recovery of loans and (2) The Debt Recovery Tribunal is located bring down the non – performing asset level of throughout the country under ‘Recovery of the Indian banking and financial sector. Debts due to Banks and Financial Institutions (3) It will thus become easier to recover bad (RDDBF) Act, 1993’. loans from wilful defaulters. (3) As per the act, the issue is to be settled in 6 months and in this case the success rate is According to 'Financial Stability Report' released around 20 – 30%. RBI on 31 December 2018, banks Gross Non- Performing Assets' (GNPAs) ratio have improved to 10.8% in September 2018 from 11.5% in Strategic Debt Restructuring March 2018.Also the Net Non-Performing (1) Strategic Debt Restructuring (SDR) Scheme Assets (NNPAs) ratio witnessed a fall at 5.3% in allows banks and non-banking lending September 2018 as against 6.2% in March 2018. institutions to convert their loans into equity stake. (2) Under the SDR scheme, banks are exempted Prompt Corrective Action (PCA) from making an open offer while acquiring (1) To ensure that banks don't go bust, RBI has majority stake in a stressed company. put in place some trigger points to assess, monitor, control and take corrective actions on Lok Adalats banks which are weak and troubled. The process (1) Lok Adalat ("Public Court" or "People's or mechanism under which such actions are Court") is one of the Alternative dispute taken is known as Prompt Corrective Action, or resolution mechanisms in India, it is a forum PCA. where cases pending or at pre-litigation stage in (2) Regulators use 4 different capital measures a court of law are settled. i.e. a total risk and a Tier - 1 based capital ratio, (2) Created under Legal Services Authority Act leverage and Equity to assets ratio. 1987. (3) According to RBI guidelines issued in 2001, Asset Reconstruction Company they cover NPA up to Rs. 20 lakhs, both suits (1) In order to recover the bad debts (sticky filed, and non-suit filed are covered. loans), the Asset Reconstruction Company, who
18. Financial Inclusion
Financial inclusion basically means making credit, banking and financial services & products Financial inclusion aims to take care people who accessible to: fall in 2 types of groups: (1) Weaker section and low-income group (2) People residing in remote or rural areas and 1. Low Income section in Urban Areas villages. 2. Low Income section in Rural Areas
Types of Financial Inclusion:
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Started: 2012 by RBI Aim: To extend benefits of no-frills account to common man. Implementation: Applicable to all scheduled commercial banks in India including Foreign Banks having branches in India.
Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana
Prime Minister's People's' Wealth Scheme is a government scheme that aims to expand and make affordable access to financial services such as bank accounts, remittances, credit, insurance and pensions.
Fig: Financial Inclusion Initiatives Business Correspondenceis exchange of information in a written format for the process of business activities that can take place LBS (Lead Banking Scheme) between organizations, within organizations or between the customers and the organization. Started: 1969 by RBI Business Correspondence includes individuals, Recommended by: Gadgil Study Group & NGOs,SHGs, NBFCs, Payment Banks and so on. Nariman Committee. Aim: Bridging the gap left by absence of White Label ATMs commercial banks in rural areas. Implementation: A public or private bank was Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) setup, allotted an area (district) in which that bank had owned and operated by non-bank entities are to play a lead role in providing financial services called ‘White Label ATMs’ (WLAs). to the people, making them aware about the Tata Communications Payment Solutions banks and various benefits of banks and (TCPS), started 1st white label ATM (WLA) at generating trust among people so they deposit Chandrapada, a tier-V town near Mumbai under their money without any fear of loss or fraud. the brand name “Indicash” in 2013. Government has allowed 100% FDI in White No Frills Account Labelled ATM operations since 2015.
Started: 2005 by RBI Self-Help Group Recommendation by: Rangarajan Committee Aim: Simplified KYC norms and either nil or very SHGs have their origin from the Gramin Bank of low minimum balance to help low income Bangladesh which was founded in 1975 by the groups maintain bank accounts. economist Prof. Mohammad Yunus of Chittagong Implementation: However, all the existing ‘No- University. frills’ accounts opened were converted into It is a village-based financial intermediary BSBDA (Basic Savings Bank Deposit Accounts). committee comprising of 10–20 local women or men. BSBDA Account
19. Banking Ombudsman Scheme
The Banking Ombudsman Scheme is an under Section 35 A of the Banking Regulation expeditious and inexpensive forum for bank Act, 1949 by RBI with effect from 1995. customers for resolution of complaints relating Presently the Banking Ombudsman Scheme to certain services rendered by Banks. The 2006 (as amended up to July 1, 2017) is in Banking Ombudsman Scheme is introduced operation.
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20. Abbreviations
• AAY: Antyodaya Anna Yojana • IMPS: Immediate Payment Service • CAA&A: Controller of Aid Accounts & Audit • LFPR: Labour Force Participation Rate • BBB: Banks Board Bureau • M0: Reserve Money • CFPI: Consumer Food Price Index • M3: Broad money • CIRP:Corporate Insolvency Resolution • MDGs: Millennium Development Goals Process • NAREDCO: National Real Estate • CLSS: Credit Linked Subsidy Scheme Development Council • DARE: Department of Agricultural Research • NCDs: Non-Convertible Debentures & Education • NCLT: National Company Law Tribunal • DDA: Doha Development Agenda • NEFT: National Electronic Fund Transfer • DGCI&S: Directorate General of Commercial • NICRA: National Innovations on Climate Intelligence & Statistics Resilient Agriculture • DGFT: Directorate General of Foreign Trade • NPCI:National Payments Corporation of • DIPAM: Department of Investment & Public India Asset Management • MAY: Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana • DIPP: Department of Industrial Policy & • ‘PMFBY: Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana Promotion • PMKSY: Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee • DISCOMS: Distribution Companies Yojana • EBRD: European Bank for Reconstruction & • POL: Petroleum Oil & Lubricants Development • RMSA: Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha • EFTA: European Free Trade Association Abhiyan • EIB: European Investment Bank • RTGS: Real Time Gross Settlement • e-NAM: Electronic National Agriculture • SSA: Sarva Shiksha Abhiyaan Market • SUUTI: Specified Undertaking for Unit Trust • EPCG: Export Promotion on Capital Goods of India • FSLRC: Financial Sector Legislative Reforms • SWIFT: Society for Worldwide Interbank Commission Financial Telecommunication. • FSRASC: Financial Sector Regulatory • SWP: Systematic Withdrawal Plan Appointment Search Committee • UDAY: Ujwal Discom Assurance Yojana • GCC: Gulf Cooperation Council • UDISE: Unified District Information System • ICRA: Indian Credit Rating Agency. for Education. • IBC: Insolvency & Bankruptcy Code • IFSC:Indian Financial System Code
21. Capital Market
Capital market is a platform where investors 3. Right Issue - It is an invitation to existing and buyers get into trade of financial shareholders to purchase additional new shares securities such as bonds, stocks, etc. in the company.
1. IPO - Stands for Initial Public Offering. It is a 4. ADR - Stands for American Depository term used when a private company or Receipt. It is a negotiable certificate issued by a corporation raises investment capital by U.S. bank that represents a specified number of offering its stock to the public for the first time. shares (or one share) in a foreign stock traded on a U.S. exchange. 2. FPO - Stands for Follow on Public Offer. It is a process by which an already listed company on 5. GDR - Stands for Global Depository Receipt an exchange issues new shares to the investors (GDR). It is a bank certificate issued in more or the existing shareholders, usually the than one country for shares in a foreign promoters. company. The shares are held by a foreign branch of an international bank.
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6. IDR - International Depository Receipt is a 14. OTCEI - The Over-The-Counter Exchange Of negotiable certificate that a bank issue. It is also India (OTCEI), founded in 1990 is an electronic known as ADR in U.S.A. In Europe, IDRs are stock exchange that consists of small- and known as Global Depository Receipts, and trade medium-sized firms aiming to gain access to the on the London, Luxembourg and Frankfurt capital markets like electronic exchanges in the exchanges. U.S. such as the Nasdaq. The OTCEI is no longer a functional exchange as the same has been 7. NSDL - Stands for National Securities derecognised by SEBI vide its order dated 31 Depository Ltd. It is India’s oldest and largest Mar 2015. depository and refers to the organization meant for holding and safeguarding the securities that 15. Commodity Market - It is a physical or are traded in the securities market. virtual marketplace for buying, selling and trading raw or primary products. There are about 50 major commodity markets worldwide that facilitate investment trade in approximately 100 primary commodities.
16. MCX - The Multi Commodity Exchange of India Ltd. was established in 2003 and is an independent commodity exchange. It is India's largest commodity derivatives exchange where
8. CDSL - Central Depository Services Limited is the clearance and settlements of the exchange a depository service that works for the Bombay happen. Stock Exchange (BSE). CDSL is promoted by the State Bank of India (SBI), Bank of India, Bank of 17. NCDEX - National Commodity & Derivatives Baroda, HDFC Bank, Standard Chartered Bank, Exchange Limited is an online commodity Axis Bank and the Union Bank of India. exchange based in India.
9. Debenture - It is a type of debt instrument 18. Derivatives - It is a contract between two or that is not secured by physical assets or more parties based upon the asset or assets. Its collateral. Corporations and governments price is determined by fluctuations in the frequently issue this type of bond to secure underlying asset. capital.These are usually documented in an indenture. Forward It is a private agreement between Contract two parties giving the buyer an 10. BSE - The Bombay Stock Exchange was obligation to purchase an asset (and established by Premchand Roychand in 1875. It the seller an obligation to sell an is Asia’s first stock exchange and claims to be asset) at a set price at a future point the world's fastest stock exchange, with a in time. median trade speed of 6 microseconds. Future It is a contract for assets (especially Contract commodities or shares) bought at 11. Sensex - It is the benchmark index of the agreed prices but delivered and paid Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and is also for later. known as S&P. It is composed of 30 of the Option It is a contract, or a provision of a largest and most actively-traded stocks on the contract, that gives one party (the BSE, providing an accurate gauge of India's option holder) the right, but not the economy. obligation to perform a specified transaction with another party (the 12. NSE - The National Stock Exchange of India option issuer or option writer) was established in 1992. It is India’s first according to specified terms. demutualized electronic exchange. - Call Option: This option provides 13. Nifty - Like Sensex, Nifty is a major stock the holder the right (but not the index introduced by the NSE in India. The term obligation) to purchase an was coined from two words ‘National’ and underlying asset at a specified price ‘FIFTY’. (the strike price), for a certain period. - Put Option: This option gives the
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holder the right to sell an underlying asset at a specified price (the strike Close Ended Open Ended price). Scheme Scheme SWAP It is a derivative contract where two parties exchange financial A scheme where It is available for instruments. funds are raised subscription and for a fixed period and repurchase on a 17. Mutual Fund- It is an investment vehicle is wound up after a continuous basis and made up of a pool of money collected from many certain period. do not have a fixed investors for investing in securities such as maturity period. stocks, bonds, money market instruments and other assets. Mutual Funds are regulated in India by SEBI. HDFC MF becomes the largest AMC in India
surpassing the ICICI Prudential MF to become The most popular types of mutual funds in India the country's largest asset management are - company. HDFC manages assets of Rs 3.35 lakh • Equity funds crore, while those of ICICI Prudential MF stood • Debt funds at Rs 3.08 lakh crore. • Money market funds SBI MF is at the third place with Rs 2.64 lakh • Index funds crore, followed by Aditya Birla Sun Life MF (Rs Net asset value (NAV) represents a funds per 2.42 lakh crore) and Reliance MF (Rs 2.36 lakh share market value. NAV is the sum of the crore). market value of all the shares held in the portfolio divided by the total number of units outstanding.
22. Money Market
It is the trade in short-term loans between Banking system to mobilize bulk deposits from banks and other financial institutions. the market. Usually, financial instruments with high Minimum amount: 1 lakh; Period: 7 days - 1 year liquidity and short-term maturities are traded. 5. Commercial Papers - Commercial Paper, introduced in 1990, is issued (sold) by Few instruments of Money Market are: large corporations to obtain funds to meet short-term debt obligations and is backed only 1. Call Money - Is the money loaned by a bank or by an issuing bank or company promise to pay other institution which is repayable on demand the face amount on the maturity date specified for 1 day. Call money does not have a fixed on the note. schedule, nor does the lender need to provide Minimum amount: 5 lakhs or its multiples; any notice of repayment. Period: 7 days - 1 year Period - 1 day 6. Treasury Bills - These are short term 2. Notice Money - The money that is lent for one borrowing instruments of the Government day in money market is known as call money of India. Treasury Bills enable investors to park and if it exceeds one day, it is known as notice their short term surplus funds while reducing money. Period - 2-14 days their market risk. They are auctioned by Reserve Bank of India at regular intervals and issued at a 3. Term Money - While Call money and notice discount to face value. money refers to short-term funds (less than 14 Minimum amount: Rs. 25000 or its multiples; days). Period - 15 days - 1 year Period: 91 days, 182 days & 364 days.
4. Certificate of Deposits - It is equivalent to 7. Ways and Means of Advances - is a method promissory note and is negotiable. Certificate of used by Reserve Bank of India (RBI) under its Deposits (CD) is issued in lieu of the funds credit policy by which it helps States banking deposited at a bank for a specified time. It was with it to tide over temporary mismatches in the introduced in July 1989, to enable the cash flow of their receipts and payments.
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immediate cash needs. The bills are issued by 8. Cash Management Bills - are short term bills the RBI on behalf of the government. issued by central government to meet its 23. Basel Norms
- The Basel accord are a set of agreements set 5. 100% Risk by Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) which provides recommendation on Basel Norms II banking regulation with respect to capital risk, market risk and operational risk. The 3 main pillars of the Basel Norms II are: - Minimum Capital requirement - The BCBS's secretariat is located at Bank of - Supervisory Review International Settlements in Basel, - Market discipline Switzerland. - The purpose of this accord is to ensure that India adopted Basel-II in 2009. financial institutions have enough capital to meet obligations and absorb unexpected Basel Norms III stress. - RBI extended the timeline for fully implementation of Basel-III capital regulation by Capital Adequacy Ratio: a year to March 31st, 2019.
- Indian government estimated the total Risk Weighted Assets till 2019 will be 120 lakh crore Rupees and where CAR is minimum 9%. Basel Norms I
It divides the asset account to risk in 5 categories:-
1. 0% Risk 2. 10% Risk 3. 20% Risk 4. 50% Risk
24. Maharatna, Navratna & Miniratna Category of PSEs
1. Maharatna CPSEs Hindustan Petroleum Mahanagar Telephone Corporation Limited Nigam Limited Bharat Heavy Coal India Limited National Aluminium National Buildings Electricals Limited Company Limited Construction GAIL (India) Limited Indian Oil Corporation Corporation Limited Limited NMDC Limited Neyveli Lignite NTPC Limited Oil & Natural Gas Corporation Limited Corporation Limited Oil India Limited Power Finance Steel Authority of Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited India Limited Corporation Limited Power Grid Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Corporation of India Limited Limited 2. Navratna CPSEs Rural Electrification Shipping Corporation Corporation Limited of India Limited Bharat Electronics Container Corporation Limited of India Limited 3. Miniratna Category - I CPSEs Engineers India Hindustan Aeronautics Limited Limited Airports Authority of Antrix Corporation
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India Limited Helicopters Limited Development India Balmer Lawrie & Co. Bharat Coking Coal Limited Limited Limited Railtel Corporation of Rail Vikas Nigam Bharat Dynamics BEML Limited India Limited Limited Limited Rashtriya Chemicals & RITES Limited Bharat Sanchar Nigam Bridge & Roof Fertilizers Limited Limited Company (India) SJVN Limited Security Printing and Limited Minting Corporation Central Warehousing Central Coalfields of India Limited Corporation Limited South Eastern State Trading Chennai Petroleum Cochin Shipyard Coalfields Limited Corporation of India Corporation Limited Limited Limited Dredging Corporation Kamarajar Port Telecommunications THDC India Limited of India Limited Limited Consultants India Garden Reach Goa Shipyard Limited Limited Shipbuilders & Western Coalfields WAPCOS Limited Engineers Limited Limited Hindustan Copper HLL Lifecare Limited Ed.CIL (India) Limited HSCC (India) Limited Limited National Small Indian Railway Hindustan Newsprint Hindustan Paper Industries Corporation Finance Corporation Limited Corporation Limited Limited Limited Housing & Urban India Tourism Development Development 4. Miniratna Category-II CPSEs Corporation Limited Corporation Limited Indian Rare Earths Indian Railway Bharat Pumps & Broadcast Limited Catering & Tourism Compressors Limited Engineering Corporation Limited Consultants (I) Indian Renewable India Trade Limited Energy Development Promotion Central Mine Central Railside Agency Limited Organisation Planning & Design Warehouse Company IRCON International KIOCL Limited Institute Limited Limited Limited Engineering Projects FCI Aravali Gypsum Mazagaon Dock Mahanadi Coalfields (India) Limited & Minerals India Limited Limited Limited Manganese Ore (India) Mangalore Refinery & Ferro Scrap Nigam HMT (International) Limited Petrochemical Limited Limited Limited Indian Medicines & Artificial Limbs Mishra Dhatu Nigam MMTC Limited Pharmaceuticals Manufacturing Limited Corporation Limited Corporation of India MSTC Limited National Fertilizers Mineral Exploration National Film Limited Corporation Limited Development National Seeds NHPC Limited Corporation Limited Corporation Limited P E C Limited Rajasthan Electronics Northern Coalfields North Eastern Electric & Instruments Limited Power Corporation Limited Limited M E C O N Limited Numaligarh Refinery ONGC Videsh Limited Limited Pawan Hans Projects &
25. List of International Airports in India
Airports State/ Union Veer Savarkar Andaman and City Name Territory International Port Blair Nicobar Airport Islands
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Visakhapat- Visakha- Andhra Airport nam Airport patnam Pradesh Dr. Babasaheb Lokpriya Ambedkar Nagpur Maharashtra Gopinath International Bordoloi Guwahati Assam Airport International Airport Pune Interna- Pune Maharashtra tional Airport Gaya Airport Gaya Bihar Tulihal Airport Imphal Manipur Indira Gandhi International New Delhi Delhi Biju Patnaik Airport Bhuban- International Odisha eswar Airport Goa Whole International Goa state Sri Guru Ram Airport Dass Jee Amritsar Punjab International Sardar Airport Vallabhbhai Ahmed- Patel Gujarat abad Jaipur International International Jaipur Rajasthan Airport Airport
Kempegowda Rajiv Gandhi International Bengaluru Karnataka Hydera- International Telangana Airport bad Airport
Mangalore Manga- Tiruchirappalli International Karnataka Tiruchira- lore International Tamil Nadu Airport palli Airport
Cochin Chennai International Kochi Kerala International Chennai Tamil Nadu Airport Airport
Calicut Coimbatore International Calicut Kerala International Coimbator Airport Tamil Nadu Airport/Civil e Aerodrome Trivandrum Thiruvan- International anthap- Kerala Guru Ram Dass Airport uram ji International Amritsar Punjab Airport Chhatrapati Shivaji Mumbai Maharashtra Punjab International Chandigarh Chandi-
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International garh Netaji Subhash Airport Chandra Bose Kolkata West Bengal International Airport Chaudhary Charan Singh Lucknow Uttar Pradesh
Airport
Lal Bahadur Varanasi Uttar Pradesh Shastri Airport
26. List of Revolutions in India
Revolution Product Pink Revolution Onions, Prawn
Black Revolution Petroleum Product Red Revolution Meat, Tomato Production
Blue Revolution Fish Production Evergreen overall agriculture Revolution production growth Brown Revolution Leather, Cocoa
Round Revolution Potato Production Golden Fibre Jute Production Revolution Silver Fibre Cotton Production Revolution Golden Revolution Overall Horticulture, Honey, Fruit Production Silver Revolution Egg Production
Green Revolution Agriculture White Revolution Dairy, Milk Production Production Yellow Revolution Oil Seed Production
Grey Revolution Fertilizers Round Revolution Potato
27. Indian & International Bank Taglines
Indian Banks and their Taglines Central Bank Mumbai Central to You of India Since 1911 Banks HQ Tagline Dena Bank Mumbai Trusted Family Bank State Bank Mumbai The Banker to HDFC Bank Mumbai We Understand India Every Indian your World Axis Bank Mumbai Badhti ka Naam IDBI Bank Mumbai Banking for all/ Zindagi Aao Sochein Bada Bank of India Mumbai Relationship ICICI Bank Mumbai Hum hai na, Beyond Banking Khayal Apka IDFC Bank Mumbai Banking Hatke
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IndusInd Mumbai We Make you 1904 Bank Feel Richer/We Karur Vysya Tamil Smart Way to Care; Dil Se Bank Nadu Bank Kotak Mumbai Let's Make Oriental Guru- Where Every Mahindra Money Simple Bank of gram, Individual is Bank Commerce Haryana Committed Yes Bank Mumbai Experience Our Federal bank Kochi Your Perfect Expertise Banking Partner Bank of Pune Ek Parivar ek Maharashtra Bank/One Family One Bank Allahabad Kolkata A Tradition of Bank Trust Bandhan Kolkata Aapka Bhala Bank Sabki Bhalai United Bank Kolkata The Bank that of India Begins with “U” UCO Bank Kolkata Honors your Trust Union Bank Mumbai Good People to of India Bank with Punjab New The Name You National Delhi Can Bank Upon bank Punjab and New Where Service is Sind Bank Delhi a Way of Life Canara Bank Bengalur Together We Can u Vijaya Bank Bengalur A Friend You Can u Bank Upon Syndicate Manipal Faithful and Bank Friendly Corporation Mangalor Prosperity for all International Banks and their Taglines Bank e Karnataka Mangalor Your Family Bank Tagline Bank e Bank, Across India American Do More Indian Bank Chennai Your Own Bank Express Bank Indian Chennai Good People to BNP Paribas The Bank for a Changing Overseas Grow With World Bank Barclays Bank Fluent in Finance Lakshmi Chennai The Changing Citi Bank Let’s Get it Done / The Vilas Bank Face of Citi Never Sleeps Prosperity DBS Bank Living, Breathing Asia South Indian Kerala Experience Next Deutsche Bank A Passion to Perform Bank Generation HSBC Bank World’s Local Bank Banking JPMorgan Chase The Right Relationship is Andhra Bank Hyder- Where India Bank Everything abad Banks Royal Bank of Make It Happen Bank of Vado- India’s Scotland Baroda dara International Scotia Bank You’re Richer Than You Bank Think Citi Union Tamil Trust and Standard Your Right Partner bank Nadu Excellence since Chartered Bank
28. Union Cabinet Ministers & their Constituency
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Department Ministers Coal Goyal
Ministry of Women & Child Maneka Ministry of Personnel, Public Development Sanjay Grievances and Pensions, Gandhi Ministry of Atomic Energy, Narendra Ministry of Space All Important Modi Ministry of Steel Vishnu Deo Policy Issues, All Other Portfolios Sai not allocated to any Minister Ministry of Health & Family Jagat Ministry of Home Affairs Rajnath Welfare Prakash Singh Nadda
Ministry of External Affairs Sushma Ministry of Heavy Industries and Anant Geete Swaraj Public Enterprises
Ministry of Road Transport & Nitin Jairam Ministry of Food Processing Harsimrat Highways, Ministry of Shipping, Gadkari Industries Kaur Badal Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Ministry of Rural Development, Narendra Rejuvenation Ministry of Panchayati Raj, - Singh Ministry of Mines, Tomar Union Minister of Finance and Arun Jaitley Ministry of Parliamentary Corporate Affairs Affairs.
Ministry of Minority Affairs Mukhtar Ministry of Social Justice & Thawar Abbas Naqvi Empowerment Chand Gehlot Minister of Commerce and Suresh Industry Prabhu Ministry of Tribal Affairs Jual Oram Ministry of Civil Aviation(Additional charge) Ministry of Agriculture and Radha Farmers Welfare Mohan Ministry of Human Resource Prakash Singh Development Javadekar Minister of Textiles Smriti Zubin Minister of Law and Justice Ravi Irani Minister of Electronics Shankar and Information Technology Prasad Ministry of Petroleum and Dharmen- Natural Gas, Minister of Skill dra Pradhan Minister of Statistics and D.V. Development and Entrepren- Programme Implementation. Sadananda eurship. Ministry of Chemicals and Gowda Fertilizers. Ministry of Science and Technology, Harsh Minister of Drinking Water and Uma Bharti Ministry of Earth Science, Vardhan Sanitation Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change Ministry of Consumer Affairs & Food & Public Distribution Ram Vilas Ministry of Defence Nirmala Paswan Sitharaman
Ministry of Railways Minister of Piyush 29. Census 2011
The Indian Census 2011 was referred to as Independence. The national census 2011 has the seventh census operation after Indian been run on all the 28 states of the country
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GK BOOSTER CAPSULE – NOVEMBER 2018 and the seven Union Territories. The data of • Lowest urban Population in India - Indian census 2011 covers all the major Lakshadweep – 26,967 aspects of society like population, sex ratio • Highest Rural Population in India - Uttar and literacy percentage as well. Pradesh – 13,16,58,339 • Lowest Rural Population in India (state & UT)- Lakshadweep – 33,683 • The next Census will be out by 2021.
Sex Ratio (Females per 1000 Males)- 943: 1000 Sex Ratio State
Sex Ratio (Females per Kerala (1084) 1000 Males) • First census was conducted in 1872. Lowest sex ratio Haryana (879) • Census 2011 were released in New Delhi on Highest sex ratio in UT Pondicherry 31st March 2011 by Union Home Secretary (1037) GK Pillai and RGI C Chandramouli. Lowest sex ratio in UT Daman and Diu • Census 2011 was the 15th census of India& (618) 7th census after Independence. Child (0-6 years) sex ratio 914 • Total estimated cost of the Census was INR Highest child (0-6) sex Mizoram (971) 2200 crore (US$350 million). ratio in state • Total Population estimated - 1,210,569,573 Lowest child (0-6) sex ratio Haryana (830) (1.21 Billion). in state • India in 2nd rank in population with 17.64% decadal growth & China is 1st rank with Literacy Rate in India decadal growth 19% (over 1.35 billion). • Total male Population - [Males - 623.7 Males 82.14% million (51.54%)]. Females 65.46% • Total Females Population - 586.46 million Highest Literacy Kerala (94%) (48.46%). Rate in State • Highest Populated State - Uttar Pradesh Lowest Literacy Bihar (61.8%) followed by Maharashtra and Bihar. Rate in State • Least Populated State - Sikkim Highest Literacy Lakshadweep (91%) • Highest Populated Union territory - New Rate in UT Delhi Lowest Literacy Dadra and Nagar Haveli • Least populated Union Territory - Rate in UT (76.24% Lakshadweep followed by Daman and Diu • Highest Urban population In India- Maharashtra – 4,11,00,980
30. Rivers, Dams & States
State Name River Name Dam) Himacha Bhakra Nangal Sutlej River Andhra Somasila Dam Pennar River l Dam Pradesh Srisailam Dam Krishna River Pradesh Gujarat Ukai Dam Tapti River and Dharoi Dam Sabarmati Punjab River Border Kadana dam Mahi River Himacha Pandoh Dam Beas River Dantiwada Dam Banas River l Nathpa Jhakri Satluj River Sardar Sarovar Narmada Pradesh Dam Dam (Narmada River Chamera Dam Ravi River Jammu Baglihar Dam Chenab River
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GK BOOSTER CAPSULE – NOVEMBER 2018 and Dumkhar Indus River Pawna Dam Maval River Kashmir Hydroelectric Mulshi Dam Mula River Dam Koyna Dam Koyna River Uri Hydroelectric Jhelum River Jayakwadi Dam Godavari Dam River Jharkha Maithon Dam Barakar River Bhatsa Dam Bhatsa river nd Chandil Dam Swarnarekha Wilson Dam Pravara River River Tansa Dam Tansa river Panchet Dam Damodar Panshet Dam Ambi River River Mula Dam Mula river Karnata Tunga Bhadra Tungabhadra Kolkewadi Dam Vashishti ka Dam River River Linganamakki dam Sharavathi Girna Dam Girana river River Vaitarna Dam Vaitarna river Kadra Dam Kalinadi Khadakwasla Mutha River River Dam Alamatti Dam Krishna River Gangapur Dam Godavari Supa Dam Kalinadi or river Kali river Telanga Radhanagari Bhogawati Krishna Raja Kaveri River na Dam River Sagara Dam Lower Manair Manair River Harangi Dam Harangi River Dam Narayanpur Dam Krishna River Mid Manair Dam Manair River Kodasalli Dam Kali River and SRSP Kerala Malampuzha Malampuzha Flood Flow Dam River Canal Peechi Dam Manali River Upper Manair Manair River Idukki Dam Periyar River Dam and Kudlair Kundala Dam Kundala Lake River Parambikulam Parambikula Singur dam Manjira River Dam m River Nizam Sagar Dam Manjira River Walayar Dam Walayar Odisha Indravati Dam Indravati River River Mullaperiyar Periyar River Hirakud Dam Mahanadi Dam River Neyyar Dam Neyyar River Tamil Vaigai Dam Vaigai River Madhya Barna Dam Barna River Nadu Perunchani Dam Paralayar Pradesh Bargi Dam Narmada River River Mettur Dam Kaveri River Bansagar Dam Sone River Uttarakh Tehri Dam Bhagirathi Gandhi Sagar Chambal and River Dam River Dhauli Ganga Maharas Yeldari Dam Purna river Dam htra Ujani Dam Bhima River
31. List of Major Ports in India
Name of the Sea Coast State Marmugoa Western Goa Ports Coast Mangalore Western Karnataka Kandla Western Gujarat Coast Coast Cochin Western Kerala Mumbai Western Maharashtra Coast Coast Haldia Eastern West Bengal Jawaharlal Nehru Western Maharashtra Coast Coast Paradip Eastern Odisha
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Coast Ennore Eastern Tamil Nadu Vishakhapatnam Eastern Andhra Coast Coast Pradesh Tuticorin Eastern Tamil Nadu Chennai Eastern Tamil Nadu Coast Coast
32. Major Atomic/Thermal/Hydro Power Plants
There are 3 major resources through which Vindhyachal Thermal Power Madhya Power Station runs in India. plant Pradesh Farakka Thermal Power plant West Bengal 1. Nuclear Power Plants Mudra Thermal Power plant Gujarat 2. Thermal Power Plants Sipat Thermal Power plant Chhattisgarh 3. Hydropower Plants Rihand Thermal Power plant Uttar Pradesh Jharsuguda Thermal Power Odisha Nuclear Power Plant in India plant Nuclear power stations are the fourth-largest Tiroda Thermal Power plant Maharashtra source of electricity in India after Thermal, Anpara Thermal Power plant Uttar Pradesh Hydroelectric and Renewable sources of Barauni Thermal Power plant Bihar electricity. As of 2016, India has 21 nuclear Bellary Thermal Power plant Karnataka reactors in 7 Nuclear Power plants. Some Durgapur Thermal Power West Bengal Nuclear Power plants are under construction plant and some are planned projects which will be Sikka Thermal Power plant Gujarat implemented in future. Satpura Thermal Power plant Madhya Pradesh Atomic Power Station State Wanakbori Thermal Power Gujarat plant Narora Nuclear Power plant Uttar Obra Thermal Power plant Uttar Pradesh Pradesh Udupi Thermal Power plant Karnataka Rawatbhatta Nuclear Power Rajasthan Simhadri Thermal Power Andhra plant plant Pradesh Kakarpar Nuclear Power plant Gujarat Kaiga Nuclear Power plant Karnataka Hydropower Plant in India Kundankullam Nuclear Power Tamil Nadu Hydropower is one of the oldest and widely plant used renewable sources of energy. India is the Kalpakkam Nuclear Power plant Tamil Nadu 7th largest producer of hydroelectric power Tarapur Nuclear Power plant Maharashtra in the world and ranks 3rd worldwide by its Rajasthan Atomic Power Station Rajasthan total number of dams.
Thermal Power Plant in India Thermal power is the largest source of power Hydropower City State in India. There are different types of Thermal Station power plants based on the fuel used to generate the steam such as coal, gas, and Diesel. About 65% of electricity consumed in Koyna Hydro Koyna Maharashtra India are generated by thermal power plants. Electric Power plant Thermal Power Station State Hirakund Hydro Mahanadi Odisha Singrauli Thermal Power Madhya Electric Power Plant Pradesh plant Ramagundam Thermal Power Andhra Idukki Hydro Periyar Kerala Plant Pradesh Electric Power Dadri Thermal Power plant Uttar Pradesh plant Talcher Thermal Power plant Odisha Korba Thermal Power plant Chhattisgarh
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Nagarjuna Krishna Andhra Electric Power Pradesh Hydro Electric Pradesh plant Power plant Salal Hydro Chenab Jammu and Tehri Hydro Bhagirathi Uttarakhand Electric Power Kashmir Electric Power plant plant Machkund Machkund Andhra Bhakra Nangal Sutlej Himachal Hydro Electric Pradesh, Hydro Electric Pradesh Power plant Orissa Power plant Balimela Hydro Sileru Odisha Sardar Sarovar Narmada Gujarat Electric Power Hydro Electric plant Power plant Subarnarekha Subarnarekha Jharkhand Nathpa Jhakri Sutlej Himachal Hydro Electric Hydro Electric Pradesh Power plant Power plant Shivanasamudra Kaveri Karnataka Srisailam Hydro Krishna Andhra Hydro Electric Electric Power Pradesh Power plant plant Loktak Hydro Leimtak Manipur Indirasagar Narmada Madhya Electric Power Hydro Electric Pradesh plant Power plant Rihand Hydro Rihand Madhya Sharavathi Sharavathi Karnataka Electric Power Pradesh, Hydro Electric plant Uttar Power plant Pradesh
Dehar Hydro Beas Himachal Rangit Hydro Rangit Sikkim Electric Power Pradesh Electric Power plant plant
Kalinadi Hydro Kalinadi Karnataka Bansagar Hydro Sone Madhya Electric Power Electric Power Pradesh plant plant
Teesta Hydro Teesta Sikkim Uri Hydro Jhelum Jammu and Electric Power Electric Power Kashmir plant plant
Baira-Siul Hydro Baira Himachal 33. List of Upcoming Sports Venues
Asian Games Sports Venue 2022- Hangzhou, China
Asian Games 2018 is a Pan India Multi Commonwealth Games Continental Event. This 18th Asian Games washeld from 18th August – 2nd September 2018. The Commonwealth Games are an international The Game is also known as Jakarta Palembang multi-sport event involving athletes from the 2018. Commonwealth of Nations. The event was first Sports Venue 2014- Incheon, South Korea held in 1930 and has taken place every four Sports Venue 2018- Jakarta, Palembang, years since then. Indonesia Venue of CWG 2014 - Glasgow, Scotland
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Venue of CWG 2018 – Gold Coast, Australia Venue of CWG 2022- Birmingham, England Sports - 69 Gold – 15 Silver - 24 Bronze - 30 Women's Neena Deepak 400m Varakil, Kumar, Relay. Jinson Saurabh Abhishek Sanjeev Jhonson, Shooting – Chaudhar Verma, Apurvi Rajput, Mixed 9 y, Rahi Chandela, Lakshay, 400m Sarnobat Ravi Kumar Shardul Relay, Vihan Men's 400m Bajrang Relay Wrestling – Punia, - Divya Kakran 3 Vinesh Fouaad Mirza, Phogat Equestrian - Men's - Sepaktakra Men’s Team - 2 - - Eventing w - 1 Regu Team Mixed Saurav Double Ankita Ghosal, Team - Raina, Prajnes Joshana Tennis – 3 Rohan - Women's h Squash - 5 - Chinappa, Bopanna Team Prabhakaran Dipika & Sharan Pallikal, Men's Divij Team Santosh Men's Men's Team, Bridge - 3 - Kumar, Surya Pair Mixed Team Bhanu Pratap, Badminton P V Wushu -4 - - Narender - Saina Nehwal Grewal, - 2 Sindhu Roshibina Men's Devi Team and Archery – 2 - Kabaddi – Women's - Men's Team Women's 2 Team Team Dushyant, Me Men's Team, Men's Table n's - - Mixed Quadrupl Tennis- 2 Rowing – 3 - Lightweight Doubles e Sculls Double Sculls Pincky Malaprabha Team Kurash – 2 - Team Balhara Yallappa Tajinderp Muhamm Harshita 49er FX al Singh, ed Anas, Tomar, 49er Sailing - 3 - Women's Neeraj Dharun FX Men's Team Chopra, Ayyasamy Team Manjit , Dutee Seema Punia, Women's Athletics - Singh, Chand in Hockey - 2 - Men's Team Chitra Team 19 Arpinder both Unnikrishnan Singh, 100m & Boxing - 2 Amit Vikas Krishan Jinson 200m, Jhonson, Hima Das, Swapna Sudha Barman, Singh, Olympics Games
Sports – Gold – 3 Silver – 9 Bronze – Shootin Manu Tushar 13 1 g – 4 Bhaker(10 Mane (Bo m Air y’s 10m Pistol) Air Rifle)
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Saurabh Mehuli Archery Akash Chaudhary( Ghosh (G – 1 Malik 10m Air irl’s 10m (Boy’s Pistol) Air Rifle) recurve)
Judo – 1 Tababi Devi (44 Indian Premier League kg) Season 1: Rajasthan Royals
Weightli Jeremy Season 2: Deccan Chargers fting – 1 Lalrinnunga Season 3: Chennai Super Kings (Boy’s 62 Season 4: Chennai Super Kings kg) Season 5: Kolkata Knight Riders Season6: Mumbai Indians
Badmint Lakshaya Season7: Kolkata Knight Riders on – 1 Sen (Boy Season8: Mumbai Indians. s’ Season9: Sun risers Hyderabad singles) Season10: Mumbai Indians Season11: Chennai Super Kings
Pro Kabaddi League
Wrestlin Simran(G Season 1: Jaipur Pink Panthers g – 1 irls’ 10m Season 2: U Mumba 43kg Season 3: Patna Pirates freestyle) Season 4: Patna Pirates. Season 5: Patna Pirates Season 6: Bengaluru Bulls
Indian Super League(ISL) Athletic Suraj Praveen Season1 (2014): ATLETICO KOLKATA. s – 2 Panwar ( Chitravel( Season 2 (2015): CHENNAIYIN. Boy’s Boy’s Season 3 (2016): ATLETICO KOLKATA. 5000m Triple Season 4 (2017): CHENNAIYIN. Walk) Jump) KERALA BLASTERS have been the Runners –Up twice for the ISL games.
Hockey India’s – 2 Men Team
India’s
Women
Team
34. List of New Appointments
Person Post PV Bharathi MD-CEO of Corporation Bank
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Raninder Singh Vice-Presidents of the Das International Shooting Sports Federation (ISSF) Nilanjan Roy CFO of Infosys
Rajeev Mehta President of the South Asian Fencing Federation (SAFF) A.S. Rajeev MD & CEO of Bank of Sangeeta Verma Member of Competition Maharashtra Commission of India (CCI) Ajay Narayan Jha Finance Secretary of GoI Ambika Prasad CMD of South Eastern Panda Coalfields Limited (SECL). Jon Ridgeon CEO of International Pranav R Mehta President of Global Solar Association of Athletics Council (GSC) Federations (IAAF) Gita Gopinath Chief Economist at IMF Bhupesh Baghel CM of Chattisgarh Ashok Gehlot CM of Rajasthan Kumar Rajesh Director General of the Chandra Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB). Kamal Nath CM of Madhya Pradesh Vinod Kumar Chairman of Railway Board Yadav Zoramthanga CM of Mizoram B Radhakrishnan CJ of Telangana HC
Sudhir Bhargava Chief Information Commissioner in the CIC. Ramphal Pawar Director of National Crime Jaideep Govind Secretary General of NHRC Records Bureau (NCRB) Brijendra Pal President of Film and TCA Anant & Member of UPSC Singh Television Institute of India Rajiv Nayan (FTII) Society Choubey Rajiv Mehrishi Vice-Chair of the United Manu Sawhney CEO of ICC Nation's Panel of Auditors Shaktikanta Das RBI Governor V Vaidyanathan MD and CEO of IDFC First Bank Arundhati Chairman of SWIFT (Society Juan Guaido President of Venezuela Bhattacharya for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication) Rishi Kumar CBI Director Krishnamurthy Chief Economic Advisor (CEA) Subramanian Parthasarathi MD of Lakshmi Vilas Bank Madhavi Divan Additional Solicitor General Mukherjee (ASG) Ravneet Gill CEO of Yes bank Uday Shankar Vice-President of FICCI
Srinivas Kandula Chairman of Capgemini
Pranab Kumar Chairman of CBIC
35. National Parks & Wildlife Sanctuaries
State National Park Wildlife National Park Sanctuary Arunachal Namdapha Dibang Pradesh National Park Wildlife Andaman & Campbell Barren Island Sanctuary Nicobar National Park Wildlife Mouling Sanctuary National Park Talley Valley Wildlife Sir Hugh Rose Sanctuary Island Assam Dibru Saikhowa Sonai Rupai Wildlife National Park Wildlife Sanctuary Sanctuary Andhra Sri Venkates- Krishna Kaziranga Pradesh wara National Wildlife National Park Pabha Park Sanctuary Wildlife Manas National Sanctuary Papikonda Kolleru Lake Park Dipor Bil
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Wildlife Kerala Periyar Parambi- Orang National Sanctuary National Park kulam Park Wildlife Bihar Valmiki Gautam Anamudi Sanctuary National Park Buddha National Park Wildlife Malabar Sanctuary Wildlife Sanctuary Rajgir Madhya Van Vihar Bori Wildlife Wildlife Pradesh National Park Sanctuary Sanctuary Chhattis- Indravati Bhairam-garh Kanha Kisli Ken Gharial garh National Park Wildlife National Park Sanctuary Sanctuary Guru Ghasidas Gandhi Sagar National Park Fossil National Sanctuary Goa Bhagwan Bondla Park Mahavir Wildlife National Park Sanctuary Bandhavgarh National Park Salim Ali Bird Maharashtra Chandoli Great Indian Sanctuary National Park Bustard Gujarat Gir forest Indian Wild Wildlife national park Ass Sanctuary Sanjay Gandhi Sanctuary National Park Blackbuck Kutch Desert Phansad National Park Wildlife Tadoba Wildlife Sanctuary National Park Sanctuary Marine National park Pench National Koyna Jammu & Dachigam Karakoram Park Wildlife Kashmir National Park Wildlife Sanctuary Sanctuary Manipur Keibul Lamjao - Hemis National National Park Park Hirpora Wildlife Balphakram Sanctuary National Park Meghalaya Nokrek - National Park Jharkhand Betla National Palamau Mizoram Phawngpui Dampa Tiger Park Wildlife Blue Mountain Reserve Sanctuary National Park Nagaland Intanki - Dalma National Park Wildlife Odisha Bhitarkanika Chilika Bird Sanctuary National Park Sanctuary Karnataka Anshi National Ghatapra-bha Park Wildlife Simlipal Sanctuary National Park Bandipur Punjab - Abohar National Park Bhimgad Wildlife Wildlife Sanctuary Bannerghatta Sanctuary National Park Harike Lake Sharavathi Wildlife Valley Sanctuary Wildlife Rajasthan Desert National Mount Abu Sanctuary Park Wildlife
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Sanctuary Tripura Bison National - Keoladeo Park National Park Sariska Tiger Reserve Clouded Rantham-bore Leopard National Park National Park Uttarakhand Valley of - Darrah Flowers National Park National Park Sikkim Kanchend- Kyongnosla zonga National Alpine Rajaji National Park Wildlife Park Sanctuary Tamil Nadu Gulf of Mannar Point Nanda Devi National Park Calimere National Park Wildlife Palani Hills Sanctuary Jim Corbett National Park National Park Uttar Dudhwa Kaimur Mudumalai Pradesh National Park Sanctuary National Park Telangana Mahavir Harina Eturnag-aram Okhla Bird Vanasthali Wildlife Sanctuary National Park Sanctuary West Bengal Neora National Buxa Tiger Park Reserve Pranahita Wildlife Murti Wildlife Sanctuary Sanctuary
36. Important Days
SEPTEMBER Date Day Theme Celebrating International Date Day Theme Older Human 1st October Day for the Rights 1st National Elderly - champions September Nutrition Week Gandhi 5th Teachers’ Day - Jayanthi/ September 2ndOctober International - Literacy and 8th International Day of Non- skills September Literacy Day Violence development. The right to Keep Cool and education World 16th World Ozone Carry on: 5th October means the right Teachers' Day September Day Montreal to a qualified Protocol teacher Science and World Post 9th October - 21st Alzheimer’s technology for Office Day September Day a sustainable Young people future 10th World Mental and mental Tourism and 27th World Tourism October Health Day health in a the Digital September Day changing world Transformation 29th World Heart International With Her: A - 11th September Day Day of the Girl Skilled Girl October Child Force OCTOBER 12th World Arthritis It's in your
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October Day hands, take Day/UN Day action International NOVEMBER 13th Day for - Date Day Theme October Disaster 5th World Tsunami - Reduction November Day Sustainable World Science infrastructure, 10th Day for Peace Science, a services and November and Human Right social International Development 15th protection for Children’s Day of Rural 14th The Family and October gender equality Day/Diabetes Women November Diabetes and the Day empowerment International 16th of rural women Day for November and girls Tolerance 16th World Food Our Actions When nature 19th World Toilet October Day Are Our Future calls, we need a World November Day 24th Eliminate toilet Development 26th Constitution October Hepatitis Information November day
37. Joint Military Exercises
Name of Countries Place Hamesha Southern Rajasthan Exercise Vijayee Command Ekuverin VIII India and Belgaum, India Coordinated India and Chittagong, Maldives Patrol Bangladesh Bangladesh Ajeya India and UK Mahajan Firing (CORPAT) Warrior Range, India Malabar India, US and Guam, Western IMBAX I India and Shillong, India Japan Pacific Pacific Myanmar Ocean. Danx 50 Parachute Andaman & Harimau India and Hulu Langat Brigade Nicobar Islands, Shakti Malaysia forest, Malaysia India Varuna India and Phase- I: Sampriti VII India and Shillong, India France Mormugao Port Bangladesh Trust PRABAL India And Himachal (MPT),Vasco da DOSTYK Kazakhstan Pradesh, India Gama, Goa Army Phase –II: INDRA Indo-Russia Sea Of Japan Chennai coast Armed Near Phase-III: La Forces Vladivostok, Reunion Island Russia Surya Kiran India and Pithoragarh, MITRA India - Sri Pune, India XIII Nepal India SHAKTI Lanka Army Lamitye VIII India and Mahe, YUDH United States Washington, US Seychelles Seychelles ABHYAS And Indian Shakti IV India and Mailly – le – Army France Camp. France Maitree Indian Army Himanchal Vajra Prahar India and US Joint Base and Royal Pradesh, India Lewis- Thailand McChord, Army United States Thar Shakti X Corps Rajasthan, India Vinbax 1 India and Jabalpur in NOMADIC India- Mizoram, India Vietnam Madhya ELEPHANT Mongolian Pradesh Military
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Exercise Khanjar IV India and Kok Jhangak, Bold India and Madhya Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan Kurukshetra Singapore Pradesh, India AL-NAGAH-II Oman And Himachal Indian Army Pradesh, India
38. Reports & Indices
Report/ Publis- HQ Rank Environmental World Switzerl 177 Index hed by Performance Economi and Index c Forum
Ease of Doing World Washin 77 Global Hunger Internati Washin 103(20 Business Bank gton DC Index onal gton 17) Report Food Policy International US US 44 Research Intellectual chamber Property Index of Inclusive Econo- - 47 Commer Internet Index mist ce Global Intellig- innovati ence on Policy Unit Centre World Press Reporter France 138 Global Gender World Switzerl 108 Freedom Index s without Gap Index economi and Border c forum Foreign Direct AT 11 Gender Parity UNESCO Paris, 108 Investment Con Kearney Index France fidence Index 2018 World United 133 Happiness nations World Internati Lausann 45 Report sustaina Competitivenes onal e, ble s Ranking 2018 Institute Switzerl develop for and ment Manage solution ment network Develop ment World Internati Geneva, 1 Migration onal Switzerl Global Peace Institute 136 Report Migratio and Index 2018 for n Economi Organisa cs & tion Peace
Global World 58 Energy World Cologny 78 Competitivenes Economi Transition Economi , s Index c Forum Index c Forum Switzerl and
39. Classical Folk Dances
Classical Dance
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Dance State Bihu Assam
Fugdi Goa Bharatanatyam Tamil Nadu Garba, Dandiya Raas Gujarat Manipuri Manipur Raut Nacha Chhattisgarh Odissi Odisha Maach Madhya Pradesh Kuchipudi Andhra Pradesh Thang Ta Manipur Kathakali Kerala Dumhal, Rauf Jammu and kashmir Kathak Uttar Pradesh Nati Himachal pradesh Sattriya Assam Giddha, Bhangra Punjab Mohiniyattam Kerala Ghumura Odisha
Folk Dance Lavni Maharashtra
Dance State Ghoomar, Kalbelia Rajasthan Puli Kali Kerala Rasleela Uttar Pradesh Chhau West Bengal
40. Stock Exchanges Around the World
Stock Exchange Country NASDAQ USA Located Tokyo Stock Exchange Japan Bombay Stock Exchange India London Stock Exchange UK National Stock Exchange of India
India Bombay Stock Exchange has become the India’s Euronext European Union first exchange to be designated as a Designated B3 Brazil Offshore Security Market by US security and exchange Commission. Shanghai Stock Exchange China
Hong Kong Stock Exchange Hong Kong
41. Nick Names of Cities
Nicknames Cities Athens of East Madurai Blue City Jodhpur City of Pearls Hyderabad Orange city Nagpur Silicon Valley of India Bengaluru Cotton City Akola Venice of East Alappuzha Land of Litchi Muzaffarpur Mini Bombay Indore Queen of Arabian Sea Kochi Manchester of East Kanpur City of Black Diamonds Dhanbad
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Sandalwood City Mysore
42. International Organisations & Headquarters
International Headed by HQs Assembly President U.S Organization Asian Takehiko Nakao, Mandaluy Development President ong, United Nations Antonio Guterres, New York, Bank Philippine Organisation Sec-General U.S s International Christine Washingt World Health Tedros Adhanom Geneva, Monetary Lagarde, MD on D. C, Organistaion Ghebreyesus, Switzerla Fund Columbia Director-General nd World Bank Jim Yong Kim, Washingt International Thomas Bach, Lausanne, President on D. C, Olympic President Switzerla Columbia Committee nd World Trade Roberto Azevedo, Geneva, International Yukiya Amano, Vienna, Organisation Director-General Switzerla Atomic Energy Director-General Austria nd Agency UNESCO Audrey Azoulay, Paris, North Atlantic Jens Stoltenberg, Brussels, Director-General France Treaty Sec-General Belgium New K. V. Kamath, Shanghai, Organization, Development President China NATO Bank, BRICS ASEAN Lim Jock Hoi, Sec- Jakarta, Asian Jin Liqun, Beijing, General Indonesia Infrastructure President China SAARC Amjad Hussain B Kathmand Investment Sial, Sec-General u Bank International Abdulqawi Peace Court of Ahmed Yusuf, Palace,Net Justice President herlands UN General Miroslav Lajcak, New York,
43. Famous Temples
Temple Year Place Built By wara centu Tamilnand Chola Temple ry u I Virupaksha 7th Hampi, Queen Airavatesw 12th Darasuram Rajaraja Temple Centu Karnataka Lokhama- ara centu Chola ry hadevi Temple ry II Meenakshi 1623- Madurai Vishwanan Venkatesw 300 Tirumala, King Temple 1655 Tamil Nadu tha ara AD Andhra Thondaim CE Nayakar Temple Pradesh an Ramanatha 7th– Rameshwa Pandya & Kashi 1780 Varanasi, Ahilya Bai swamy 8th ram Jaffna Vishwanath Uttar Temple centu Island, Kings Pradesh ry Tamil Nadu Lord 1611 Puri, Indrady- Suchindra 17th Kanyakum Nambudiri Jagannath Odisha umna m centu ari, Brahmins Temple Temple ry Tamil Nadu Vaishno – Jammu – Vitthala 15th Hampi, King Devi Temple centu Karnataka Devaraya Temple ry II Somnath – Gujarat Moon Brihadesh 11th Thanjavur, Raja Raja God
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Shirdi Sai 1922 Shirdi, – Temple ry Mumbai Baba Maharashtr The Golden 1577 Amritsar, Guru Temple a Temple Punjab Ram Das Badrinath 9th Uttarakhan Adi Mahabodhi 3rd Bihar Ashoka centu d Shankara Temple centu ry ry C.E B.C Kedarnath 8th Garhwal Pandavas Kamakhya 8th- Nilachal – centu area Temple 17th Hill, ry Uttarakhan centu Guwahati d ry Konark 13th Odisha Narasimha Amarnath – Jammu Natural Sun centu deva Cave and formation Temple ry Temple Kashmir Sanchi 3rd Raisen, Asoka Yamunotri 19th Uttarkashi, Maharani Stupa centu Madhya Temple centu Uttarakhan Gularia ry Pradesh ry d BC Gangotri 18th Uttarkashi, Amar Siddhivinay 18th Prabha – Temple centu Uttarakhan Singh ak centu Devi, ry d Thapa
44. Stadiums in India
Name City/Location JSCA International Cricket Ranchi Stadium Baichung Stadium Namchi Kanchenjunga Stadium Siliguri Bakshi Stadium Srinagar Lal Bahadur Shastri Hyderabad Barabati Cuttack M. Chinnaswamy Bangaluru Barkatullah Khan Jodhpur Ma Chidambaram Chennai Barkatullah University Stadium Bhopal New Bangalore Football Bangalore Biju Patnaik Hockey Stadium Rourkela Stadium Birsa Munda Athletics Ranchi Punjab Cricket Association Mohali Brabourne Mumbai IS Bindra Stadium Buddh International Circuit Greater Noida Salt Lake Stadium Kolkata Cooperage Football Stadium Mumbai Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Ahmedabad Dhyan Chand National Delhi Stadium Dy Patil Navi Mumbai Sawai Mansingh Jaipur Eden Gardens Kolkata Sector 42 Stadium Chandigarh East Coast Railway Stadium Bhubaneswar Sher-i-Kashmir Stadium Srinagar Feroz Shah Kotla Delhi Vidarbha Cricket Association Nagpur Green Park Stadium Kanpur Stadium Guru Gobind Singh Stadium Nanded Wankhede Mumbai Guru Nanak Stadium Ludhiana
45. Boundary Lines
• Radcliffe Line - This is the boundary line • Hindenburg Line - This is the boundary between India and Pakistan. It was dividing Poland and Germany. drawn by Sir Cyril Radcliffe on 17th August 1947 because of the separation • McMahon Line - It is the boundary line between the two countries. between India and China and it was drawn by Sir Henry McMahon. • Durand Line - This demarcates the boundary of Pakistan and Afghanistan. • Marginal Line - This line was drawn up by General Mannerheim between
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Russia-Finland border. It is a 320-km • Mason-Dixon Line - It is a line of line of fortification. demarcation between four states in the United State. • Maginot Boundary Line - This boundary line demarcates France and Germany • Siegfried Line - It is the boundary between Germany and France. • Oder-Neisse Line - This line was drawn between Poland and Germany after the • 24th Parallel - Pakistan feels that this Second World War should be the actual line between India and Pakistan. However, India does not • 8th Parallel - It is the boundary between approve of this. North and South Korea. • 17th Parallel - It defined the boundaries • 49th Parallel - This represents the between North and South Vietnam boundary between Canada and USA. before they unit • Mannerheim Line - This line demarcates Russia and Finland.
46. Books & Authors
Authors Books Films", "The Songs", Bacchhan "The Stars" Dr Rajesh Bhat Radio Kashmir The Diary of a – In Times of Domestic Diva Shilpa Shetty Peace & War I Do What I Do Raghuram Krishna Trilok 'Notes of a Rajan Dream: The Immortal India Amish Tripathi Authorized How India Sees the Biography of World Shyam Saran AR Rahman', The Shershah of Karunya Keshav and 'The Fire Kargil Deepak Surana Sidhanta Pathak Burns Blue: A Kadwe Vachan Tarun Sagar History of Maharaj Women's I am HIV Positive. So Cricket in What? Jayanta Lalita India' Cyptocurrency for Amit Stephen Hawking "Brief Answers Beginners Bharadwaj to the Big Making of a Legend Bindeshwr Questions" Pathak Vijayan Bala Indian Sports: Unstoppable: My Life Maria Conversations So Far Sharapova and Dalhousie Through Reflections my Eyes Kiran Chadha Rima Hooja "Maharana Playing With Fire Katie Price Pratap: The The Ministry Of Invincible Utmost Happiness Arundhati Roy Warrior" Crisis Within Ganesh Devy Paramveer Parwane Prabhakiran Indira Gandhi - A life Jain In Nature Jairam Ramesh Across the bench - Beren and Luthein J.R.R Tolkein Insight into Indian "Yug Purus, Bharat Ramesh Military Judicial Ratna, Atal Ji" Pokhriyal System Gyan Bhushan One Life is not enough Natwar Singh Imperfect Sanjay Transcendence: My APJ Abdul Manjrekar Spiritual Experiences Kalam & Arun Bollywood: "The Amitabh
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with Pramukh Swamij Tiwari 'Notes of a Dream: Krishna Trilok Red Tape to Red The Authorized Carpet…and then Biography of AR some Gina Rinehart Rahman', Beyond Doubt: A 'The Fire Burns Blue: Karunya Dossier on Gandhi's Teesta A History of Women's Keshav and Assassination Setalvad Cricket in India' Sidhanta Sleeping on Jupiter Anuradha Roy Pathak Flood Of Fire Amitav Ghosh "Brief Answers to the Stephen How to be Both Ali Smith Big Questions" Hawking Sourav Ganguly: Indian Sports: Vijayan Bala Cricket, Captaincy and Saptarshi Conversations and Controversy Sarkar Reflections The Red Sari Javier Moro "Maharana Pratap: Rima Hooja Farishta Kapil Isapuri The Invincible Modi - Incredible Warrior" emergence of a star Tarun Vijay Radio Kashmir – In Dr Rajesh Bhat Times of Peace & War
47. Nobel Prize Winners 2018
Field Winners Description Peace Denis Mukwege For their efforts & to end the use Medicine James P. Allison For the Nadia Murad of sexual or & discovery of violence as a Physiology Tasuku Honjo cancer therapy weapon of war by inhibition of and armed negative conflict immune Economic Paul M. Romer For integrating regulation Sciences technological Physics Arthur Ashkin For the optical innovations tweezers and into the long- their run application to macroeconomic biological analysis systems William D. For integrating Gerard Mourou For their Nordhaus climate change & method of into the long- Donna generating run Strickland high-intensity, macroeconomic ultra-short analysis optical pulses Chemistry Frances H. For the Arnold directed evolution of enzymes George P. Smith For the phage & display of Gregory P. peptides and Winter antibodies
48. UNESCO World Heritage Site
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Name of sites Year Location Sundarbans 1987 West Bengal National Park Ajanta Caves 1983 Maharashtra
Nanda Devi & 1988 Uttarakhand Ellora Caves 1983 Maharashtra Valley of Flowers National Park
Agra Fort 1983 Uttar Pradesh Monuments of 1989 Sanchi, Buddha Madhya Taj Mahal 1983 Uttar Pradesh Pradesh
Sun Temple 1984 Orissa Humayun’s Tomb 1993 Delhi
Mahabalipuram 1984 Tamil Nadu Qutub Minar 1993 Delhi Monuments
Mountain Railways 1999 Darjeeling Kaziranga 1985 Assam of Darjeeling, Kalka (West National Park Shimla & Nilgiri Bengal), Kalka Shimla (Himachal Keoladeo 1985 Rajasthan Pradesh), National Park Nilgiri (Tamil Nadu) Manas 1985 Assam Wildlife Sanctuary Mahabodhi Temple 2002 Bihar
Churches and 1986 Goa Bhimbetka 2003 Madhya Convents of Goa Rock Shelters Pradesh
Monuments 1986 Madhya Chhatrapati 2004 Maharashtra of Khajuraho Pradesh Shivaji Terminus
Monuments 1986 Karnataka of Hampi Champaner- 2004 Gujarat Pavagadh Archaeological Park Fatehpur Sikri 1986 Uttar Pradesh
Red Fort 2007 Delhi Elephanta Caves 1987 Maharashtra
Jantar Mantar 2010 Rajasthan Great Living 1987 Tamil Nadu Chola Temples
Pattadakal 1987 Karnataka Western Ghats 2012 Karnataka, Monuments Kerala, Tamil Nadu,
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Maharashtra Khangchendzonga 2016 Sikkim National Park
Hill Forts 2013 Rajasthan Architectural Work 2016 Chandigarh of Le Corbusier Rani Ki Vav 2014 Gujarat (The Queen’s Stepwell) Historic City 2017 Ahmedabad
Great Himalayan 2014 Himachal Victorian Gothic and 2018 Mumbai National Park Pradesh Art Deco Ensembles
Nalanda 2016 Bihar
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