DOCSLIB.ORG

Viability of Open Access Journals

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Viability of Open Access Journals Dr. B. Maharana Sambalpur University [email protected] “the system through which research and other scholarly writings are created, evaluated for quality, disseminated to the scholarly community, and preserved for future use. The system includes both formal means of communication, such as publication in peer-reviewed journals, and informal channels, such as electronic listservs.” Types of scholarly communication (Formal & Informal) Changes in Scholarly Communication Changes to the publishing market (e.g. new business models like open access; new sales models such as consortia licensing; globalisation and the growth of emerging regions) Changes to the way research is conducted (e.g. use of networks; growth of data intensive and data- driven science; globalisation of research) Changes to public policy (e.g. research funder self-archiving mandates; changes to copyright) What is a Journal The journal has traditionally been seen to embody four functions: . Registration: third-party establishment by date-stamping of the author’s precedence and ownership of an idea . Dissemination: communicating the findings to its intended audience usually via the brand identity of the journal . Certification: ensuring quality control through peer review and rewarding authors . Archival record: preserving a fixed version of the paper for future reference and citation. History of Scholarly Journals • The publishing of scholarly journals, begun in the 17th century, expanded greatly in the 19th as fresh fields of inquiry opened up or old ones were further divided into specialties. • The history of scientific journals dates from 1665, when the French Journal des sçavans and the English Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society first began systematically publishing research results Open Access Journals Open-access journals are scholarly journals that are available online to the reader "without financial, legal, or technical barriers other than those inseparable from gaining access to the internet itself.” Peter Suber History of Open Access Efforts before Internet Physicist Leó Szilárd jokingly suggested in the 1940s…….at the beginning of his career each scientist should be issued with 100 vouchers to pay for his papers……. Hind Swaraj (Mahatma Gandhi) intellectual blueprint of India's freedom movement (in Gujarati in 1909) with a copyright legend that read……. "No Rights Reserved". OA History…….. Early years of online OA Earliest book publisher to provide open access was the National Academies Press (the publisher of National Academy of Science, USA) since 1994…….to promote sales of print editions… SPARC developed in 1997, to address the journal crisis and develop and promote alternatives, such as open access. The first online-only, free-access journals (eventually to be called "open access journals") began appearing in the late 1980s……….. Bryn Mawr Classical Review, Postmodern Culture and Psycologuy OA History…….. The first free scientific online archive was arXiv.org, started in 1991, initially a preprint service for physicists, initiated by Paul Ginsparg In 1997, the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM) made Medline In 1999, Harold Varmus of the NIH proposed a journal called E-biomed….later as PubMed Central In 1999 that the Open Archives Initiative and its OAI- PMH was launched in order to make online archives interoperable. History of OA….2000s • In 2000, BioMed Central, a for-profit open access publisher, was launched by the then Current Science Group (by 2013, BioMed Central publishes over 250 journals.) • In 2001, 34,000 scholars around the world signed "An Open Letter to Scientific Publishers", calling for…..establishment of an online public library (Medicine and Life Sciences)……….lead to PLoS • The first major international statement on open access was the Budapest Open Access Initiative in February 2002, launched by the Open Society Institute….first definition of OA • Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities in October 2003. History of OA……2010s • In 2013, John Holdren, Barack Obama's Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy, issued a memorandum…. with more than $100M in annual R&D expenditures…….to make the published results of federally funded research freely available to the public within one year • In 2013, the UK Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE) proposed adopting a mandate that ….all peer-reviewed journal articles submitted after 2014 must be deposited in the author's institutional repository immediately upon acceptance for publication Two Vehicles of Open Access • Gold OA…Open Access Journals • Green OA…Open Access Repositories Open Access Journals (Subject wise distribution) Growth of Open access Journals Academic Spring…few Indian supporters Prof. Sumeet Agarwal Indian Institute of Technology Delhi - Engineering and Technology •won't publish •won't referee •won't do editorial work Prof. Maninder Agrawal IIT Kanpur - Computer Science •won't publish •won't referee won't do editorial work I was an editor of Information and Computation and on the Elsevier India Advisory Board. I have quit from both in protest against their practices…… Prof. B. Sury Indian Statistical Institute - Mathematics won't publish won't referee won't do editorial work This kind of commercialism hits hard in a country like mine. Sir Mark Walport, Director of Wellcome Trust (The largest non-governmental funder of medical research after the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation), ………his organisation is in the final stages of launching a high calibre scientific journal called eLife that would compete directly with top-tier publications such as Nature and Science • "One of the biggest costs in the whole scientific publishing world is borne by the academic community, which is the peer review," said Walport. "The journals have benefitted from having free, potentially very expensive consultancy. Again, why do we do that, if the end product is going to be locked behind a paywall?“ • Walport said there was a trend for conservatism in the scientific community because scientists want to get published in the most prestigious journal brands such as Nature, Science or Cell. Open access at Elsevier – 2013 in retrospect and a look at 2014 • Key themes during 2013 were multi-stakeholder collaboration and scaling up gold open access publishing • we see strong collaboration among authors, institutions, funders, libraries, and publishers • In the UK, we have been helping to support the implementation of the national open access policy, and the new open access policies of the Research Councils UK and Wellcome Trust. Elsevier's contributions have spanned gold open access, green open access,and licensed access. In partnership with JISC Collections, Elsevier has undertaken a number of initiatives focused on affordability for institutions d publishers • We launched a gold open access prepayment pilot plan to help participating universities budget during the transition to open access • Elsevier also facilitated the retrospective conversion to open access of 672 articles published in 2012 by authors in UK universities. United States • The CHORUS initiative (Clearinghouse for the Open Research of the United States) enables publishers to work with US government funding agencies to provide public access in a very cost-effective manner and in ways that do not increase administrative and compliance burdens for researchers and universities. • SHARE (Shared Access Research Ecosystem), a similar initiative to leverage networked repositories to expand public access and that will be an important conversation to continue in 2014 International Collaboration • Elsevier was an active participant in the SCOAP3 open access initiative for the high- energy physics community, led by CERN. We adjusted library contracts worldwide to reimburse the subscription prices for the two participating Elsevier journals; Physics Letters B and Nuclear Physics Letter B. In turn, libraries redirected these funds to SCOAP3, which centrally supports the open access costs of the flipped journals. This means article publishing charges are paid centrally and not by individual authors. Read more in our article "CERN-driven open access initiative to take off, and Elsevier's on board.“ • In addition, Elsevier's popular Publishing Connect workshops, run in collaboration with universities around the world, help educate early-career researchers about open access publishing and the new choices they need to consider. We have also been engaged closely with funders and policy makers around the globe about successful, scalable open access policies. In April, for example, we collaborated with the African Academy of Sciences to discuss "Open access in Africa – changes and challenges," and during the year, we visited funders and other stakeholders on every continent except Antarctica.[divider] Gold Open Access • We launched 35 new open access journals in 2013, and also now host over 90 third-party owned open access journals on ScienceDirect. In these, and in our more than 1,600 established journals that offer open access publishing options, we have adapted a wide array of fresh new open access publishing policies since April Director of Access and Policy for Elsevier, Dr. Alicia Wise (@wisealic) Rachel Martin (@rachelcmartin) is the Access and Policy Communications Manager • We have made improvements to our ScienceDirect platform to enable users to search, filter and find open access content. • Elsevier hascontinued to establishagreements with funding
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Download Full White Paper
    Open Access White Paper University of Oregon SENATE SUB-COMMITTEE ON OPEN ACCESS I. Executive Summary II. Introduction a. Definition and History of the Open Access Movement b. History of Open Access at the University of Oregon c. The Senate Subcommittee on Open Access at the University of Oregon III. Overview of Current Open Access Trends and Practices a. Open Access Formats b. Advantages and Challenges of the Open Access Approach IV. OA in the Process of Research & Dissemination of Scholarly Works at UO a. A Summary of Current Circumstances b. Moving Towards Transformative Agreements c. Open Access Publishing at UO V. Advancing Open Access at the University of Oregon and Beyond a. Barriers to Moving Forward with OA b. Suggestions for Local Action at UO 1 Executive Summary The state of global scholarly communications has evolved rapidly over the last two decades, as libraries, funders and some publishers have sought to hasten the spread of more open practices for the dissemination of results in scholarly research worldwide. These practices have become collectively known as Open Access (OA), defined as "the free, immediate, online availability of research articles combined with the rights to use these articles fully in the digital environment." The aim of this report — the Open Access White Paper by the Senate Subcommittee on Open Access at the University of Oregon — is to review the factors that have precipitated these recent changes and to explain their relevance for members of the University of Oregon community. Open Access History and Trends Recently, the OA movement has gained momentum as academic institutions around the globe have begun negotiating and signing creative, new agreements with for-profit commercial publishers, and as innovations to the business models for disseminating scholarly research have become more widely adopted.
    [Show full text]
  • UC Davis Dermatology Online Journal
    UC Davis Dermatology Online Journal Title The history of open access medical publishing: a comprehensive review Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6578w9f8 Journal Dermatology Online Journal, 22(9) Authors Sukhov, Andrea Burrall, Barbara Maverakis, Emanual Publication Date 2016 DOI 10.5070/D3229032497 License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ 4.0 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Volume 22 Number 9 September 2016 Review The history of open access medical publishing: a comprehensive review Andrea Sukhov BA1, Barbara Burrall MD1 and Emanual Maverakis MD1 Dermatology Online Journal 22 (9): 1 1Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA Correspondence: Emanual Maverakis, MD Associate Professor Department of Dermatology 3301 C Street, Suite 1400 Sacramento, California 95816 Fax. 916-442-5702 Email: [email protected] Abstract Dermatology Online Journal became the first medical open access journal in the early 1990’s. Today, thousands of open access medical journals are available on the Internet. Despite criticisms surrounding open access, these journals have allowed research to be rapidly available to the public. In addition, open access journal policies allow public health research to reach developing countries where this research has the potential to make a substantial impact. In the future, open access medical journals will likely continue to evolve with technology, changing how medical research is accessed and presented. Introduction According to the Directory of Open Access Journals, there are approximately 2,000 open access medical journals in existence today. Since their inception in the 1990’s, open access journals now cover a multitude of medical subjects from malaria to health research and development.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to Open Access: Summary Report
    Introduction to open access: summary report Introduction to open access: summary report Koichi Ojiro ( Manager, Information Processing and Management, University of Tokyo Library ) Abstract To consider the open-access policy of research results from universities, which is the theme of this symposium, I will talk about the background knowledge that lies behind it. To begin with, I briefly consider the definition of open access, its background and development, and the current situation of the two methods that have been proposed for implementing open access. Then I will take up the present situation and challenges of related projects for institutional repositories being pursued by university libraries and the National Institute of Informatics, in conjunction with the main efforts to promote open access in our country. Lastly, I will introduce trends in the systematization of the dissemination of research outcomes within and outside the country. Koichi Ojiro Koichi Ojiro was employed by the Nagoya University Library and began working as a librarian in January of 1983. He later worked for the Tokyo Institute of Technology Library, the National Diet Library, Chiba University Library, and the National Institute of Informatics. He was involved in the Institutional Repositories Promotion Project while at Chiba University and the National Institute of Informatics. Since April of 2009, he has held his current position, Manager of Information Processing and Management of the University of Tokyo Library. He is also the executive officer of the ad Hoc Committee for the Reform of Scholarly Information Distribution of the Japan Association of National University Libraries and the committee of the study studying the problems of academic journals, Scientist Board, Science Council of Japan.
    [Show full text]
  • A Brief History of Open Access at Harvard
    Harvard Library Oce for Scholarly Communication A brief history of open access at Harvard Peter Suber, Martha Whitehead Published on: Jul 28, 2020 Updated on: Jul 31, 2020 License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY 4.0) Harvard Library Oce for Scholarly Communication A brief history of open access at Harvard This is the first of two related posts. The second will describe our current thinking about open access. (Watch for it around Open Access Week, 2020.) We’re looking forward and want to start by showing where we’ve come from. For now, this brief history focuses mostly on Harvard’s thinking about subscription journal prices and Harvard’s open access (OA) policies. There are many other OA initiatives at Harvard we might add later, for example on courseware, data, digitization, open-source software, and publishing, as well as our partnerships with larger, multi-institutional initiatives. Harvard Library has long been concerned about the unsustainable prices of subscription journals. We cancelled the Elsevier big deal in 2004 and released a public statement about it. “The combined costs of Elsevier subscriptions far outrun even its closest competitors, while prudent cancellation decisions lead only to steeper fees. Like so many other institutions, Harvard's collections have become hostage to this situation. Declining the bundled agreement and intentionally reducing our outlay for Elsevier titles will ultimately give us the ability to respond to the marketplace unfettered by such artificial constraints.” In 2010, Harvard submitted a response to a White House request for information. “Harvard University...is not immune to the access crisis that motivates much of the campaign for public- access policies.
    [Show full text]
  • SEP-210148861 Proposal Acronym: Openaire2020
    European Commission - Research - Participants Proposal Submission Forms Horizon 2020 Call: H2020-EINFRA-2014-1 Topic: EINFRA-2-2014 Type of action: RIA Proposal number: SEP-210148861 Proposal acronym: OpenAIRE2020 Table of contents Section Title Action 1 General information 2 Participants & contacts 3 Budget 4 Ethics 5 Call-specific questions How to fill in the forms The administrative forms must be filled in for each proposal using the templates available in the submission system. Some data fields in the administrative forms are pre-filled based on the previous steps in the submission wizard. H2020-CP.pdf - Ver1.83 20140410 Page 1 of 162 Last saved 16/04/2014 at 04:04 European Commission - Research - Participants Proposal Submission Forms Proposal ID 643410 Acronym OpenAIRE2020 1 - General information Topic EINFRA-2-2014 Type of action RIA Call identifier H2020-EINFRA-2014-1 Acronym OpenAIRE2020 Proposal title* Open Access Infrastructure for Research in Europe 2020 Note that for technical reasons, the following characters are not accepted in the Proposal Title and will be removed: < > " & Duration in months 42 Fixed keyword 1 Open access Add Open Access Infrastructure, Research Information System, Monitoring Open Access Scientific Free keywords Outcomes, Gold Open Access Pilot Abstract OpenAIRE2020 represents a pivotal phase in the long-term effort to implement and strengthen the impact of the Open Access (OA) policies of the European Commission (EC), building on the achievements of the OpenAIRE projects. OpenAIRE2020 will expand and leverage its focus from (1) the agents and resources of scholarly communication to workflows and processes, (2) from publications to data, software, and other research outputs, and the links between them, and (3) strengthen the relationship of European OA infrastructures with other regions of the world, in particular Latin America and the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Predatory Publishing
    A NEW PUBLISHING LANDSCAPE: OPEN ACCESS Kristen Cvancara, Ph.D. Laura Jacobi, Ph.D. Heidi Southworth, MLIS, M.A. Minnesota State University, Mankato Curiosities, Opportunities, & Pitfalls of Open Access Publishing . Curiosity . Origin story of Open Access (OA) ▪ Models through which OA does(not) work . Opportunities . Pros associated with OA publishing . Pitfalls . Cons associated with OA publishing ▪ Stakeholder perspectives . Definition and identification of outlets ▪ Mandates . Best Practices . Discussion/Q&A CURIOSITIES What is the history of Open Access? What kind of models are used to foster Open access publications? Open Access History . Governmental databases or repositories (Public Access) . Project Gutenberg (1971) . Early online journals or EJournals (1987) . “Serials Crisis” . E-prints and Pre-prints (arXiv= 1991) . “Self-Archiving” and Institutional Repositories More Open Access History found at: http://oad.simmons.edu/oadwiki/Timeline The Three B’s: Declarations in Support of Open Access .Budapest Open Access Initiative (February 2002) . “An old tradition and a new technology have converged to make possible an unprecedented public good.” .Bethesda Statement on Open Access Publishing (June 2003) . “…stimulate discussion within the biomedical research community on how to proceed, as rapidly as possible, to the widely held goal of providing open access to the primary scientific literature.” .Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities (October 2003) . “The Internet has fundamentally changed the practical and economic realities of distributing scientific knowledge and cultural heritage.” Open Access Defined “Open-access (OA) literature is digital, online, free of charge, and free of most copyright and licensing restrictions.” Peter Suber, Director, Harvard Office for Scholarly Communication Suber, P.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Newsletter (PDF)
    lloyd sealy library Classified Information The Newsletter of the Lloyd Sealy Library Spring 2016 White Slavery: Chicago Style “First in violence, deepest in dirt, lawless, unlovely, ill- smelling, irreverent, new; an overgrown gawk of a village, the ‘tough’ among cities, a spectacle for the nation,” so wrote the Progressive-era journalist Lincoln Steffens in the early twentieth century. He should also have remarked that Chicago was a leader in vice, especially in “white slavery,” or enforced prostitution. One of Chicago’s most infamous “red-light” districts was in the “Levee” in the First Ward run by Alderman Michael “Hinky Dink” Kenna. From 18th to 22nd Streets near the wharves on Lake Michigan, you could find countless brothels, saloons, rough dives, dance halls, and other similar places of entertainment. The issue of white slavery was the object of many Chicago reformers. U.S. Attorney Edward Sims remarked in 1908 that “There is enough to indicate that no other city in America holds and harbors the evil of white slavery as Chicago.” For example, in a two month period in 1907, law enforcement or reform- ers rescued 278 girls under the age of fifteen from Levee brothels. The Sealy Library recently acquired a number of books about Chicago vice, and published in Chicago, with titles such as The Tragedies of the White Slaves (the only record- ed copy), From Dance Hall to White Slavery, and the small pamphlet, one of two known copies, Seventy Traps of White Slavers By Which They Trap Girls . The latter offers such tips as “Don’t take music lessons behind locked doors.” “Most all dancing schools are run by white slavers.
    [Show full text]
  • Scholarly Open Access Publishing: Growth of LIS Open Access Journals Visible Through Directory of Open Access Journals PRERNA Singh [email protected]
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal) Libraries at University of Nebraska-Lincoln 2018 Scholarly Open Access Publishing: Growth of LIS Open Access Journals visible through Directory of Open Access Journals PRERNA Singh [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac Part of the Scholarly Communication Commons, and the Scholarly Publishing Commons Singh, PRERNA, "Scholarly Open Access Publishing: Growth of LIS Open Access Journals visible through Directory of Open Access Journals" (2018). Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal). 1749. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1749 Scholarly Open Access Publishing: Growth of LIS Open Access Journals visible through Directory of Open Access Journals Prerna Singh1 and Harish Chander2 1. Assistant Librarian Central Library, Central University of Jammu Email: [email protected], [email protected] 2. Research Scholar, University of Delhi Email: [email protected] Abstract: Open access is an effective way for the dissemination of the scholarly publishing. Open access opens new vistas of access and dissemination of scholarly communication to wider readers. Library and Information Science field also witnessed the ever growing trends of open access and its growth in the form of Open Access Journals (OAJ), Open Access Repositories (OAR), Open Source Software (OSS), Open Educational Resources (OER) and MOOC’s. The present study highlights the position of LIS open access journals indexed in DOAJ. Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) is an indexing service indexes high quality peer-reviewed journal of Science & technology, Social Sciences and Humanities.
    [Show full text]
  • The Content of Sci-Hub and Its Usage[Version 1; Peer Review: 2
    F1000Research 2017, 6:541 Last updated: 27 SEP 2021 RESEARCH ARTICLE Looking into Pandora's Box: The Content of Sci-Hub and its Usage [version 1; peer review: 2 approved, 2 approved with reservations] Bastian Greshake Institute of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany v1 First published: 21 Apr 2017, 6:541 Open Peer Review https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.11366.1 Latest published: 21 Apr 2017, 6:541 https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.11366.1 Reviewer Status Invited Reviewers Abstract Despite the growth of Open Access, potentially illegally circumventing 1 2 3 4 paywalls to access scholarly publications is becoming a more mainstream phenomenon. The web service Sci-Hub is amongst the version 1 biggest facilitators of this, offering free access to around 62 million 21 Apr 2017 report report report report publications. So far it is not well studied how and why its users are accessing publications through Sci-Hub. By utilizing the recently 1. April Hathcock, New York University , New released corpus of Sci-Hub and comparing it to the data of ~28 million downloads done through the service, this study tries to address some York, USA of these questions. The comparative analysis shows that both the 2. Gabriel Gardner , California State usage and complete corpus is largely made up of recently published articles, with users disproportionately favoring newer articles and 35% University, Long Beach, USA of downloaded articles being published after 2013. These results hint Stephen McLaughlin, University of Texas at that embargo periods before publications become Open Access are frequently circumnavigated using Guerilla Open Access approaches Austin, Austin, USA like Sci-Hub.
    [Show full text]
  • Open Access Publishing History
    Open access publishing beginning to see what is happening, more scholars/researchers are affected, and the This essay outlines the history and development phrase “open access” is coined in the Budapest of open access publishing from the author’s Open Access Initiative (BOAI) in 2002. This perspective, and it advocates librarians take a Initiative is/was an attempt to see how much an more active role in making open access organization called the Open Society Institute publishing a norm for facilitating scholarly (OSI) could help resolve the scholarly communication as opposed to an exception. communication. One of the outcomes of this attempt was a definition of open access: History By “open access” to this [scientific and scholarly] literature, we mean its fee The history of open access publishing has been availability on the public internet, woven with strands from the serials pricing permitting any users to read, download, crisis and the development on the Internet. copy, distribute, print, search or link to the full texts of these articles, crawl them You might say Stevan Harnad has been a for indexing, pass them as data to driving force behind open access publishing for software, or use them for any other lawful more than ten years now, and in his purpose, without financial, legal, or “subversive proposal” posted to a Virginia technical barriers other than those Tech mailing list in 1994 is a landmark in the inseparable from gaining access to the history of open access. In a nutshell, it advocated internet itself. The only constraint on the continuance of peer-reviewed scholarly reproduction and distribution, and the publishing in print form but it also advocated only role for copyright in this domain scholarly articles be digitally self-archived by should be to give authors control over the authors and made freely available through the integrity of their work and the right to be Internet, much like the online network of pre- properly acknowledged and cited.
    [Show full text]
  • Concepts of Openness and Open Access
    2 Concepts of Openness and Open Access WW W Open Access for Researchers Concepts of Openness and Open Access Module 2 Concepts of Openness and Open Access UNIT 1 Introduction to Open Access 5 UNIT 2 Routes to Open Access 16 UNIT 3 Networks and Organizations Promoting Open Access 25 UNIT 4 Open Access Mandates and Policies 45 UNIT 5 Open Access Issues and Challenges 59 Pub lished in 2015 by the United Nations Educational, Scie ntific and Cultural Organization, 7, place de Fontenoy, 75352 Paris 07 SP, France © UNESCO 2015 ISBN 978-92-3-100079-9 This publication is available in Open Access under the Attr ibution-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO (CC-BY-SA 3.0 IGO) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/igo/ ) . By using the content of this publication, the users acce pt to be bound by the terms of use of the UNESCO Op en Access Repository (http://www.unesco.org/open- access/terms-use-ccbysa-en ). The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its fron tiers or boundaries. The ideas and opinions expressed in this publication are thos e of the authors; they are not necessarily those of UNES CO and do not commit the Organization. Cov er design by The Commonwealth Educational Media Cen tre for Asia (CEMCA) P rinted in PDF Concepts of CURRICULUM DESIGN COMMITTEE Openness and OA Anirban Sarma Parthasarathi
    [Show full text]
  • Listen and Learn Sessions
    Listen and Learn Sessions Building Institutional Repositories in Theological Libraries by Clifford B. Anderson and Charlotte Lew. Vanderbilt University: Ed Warga. Texas A&M University. Corpus Christi INTRODUCTION Institutional repositories are mainstays of the open access movement. However, theological schools have been slower to adopt them than other institutions of higher education. We believe that theological schools may be hesitant to build institutional repositories because they do not fully understand the principles of open access, have not conceptualized workflows to populate repositories, and have not developed effective communities of practice. In this essay, we try to provide perspectives on these three sticking points. A BRIEF HISTORY OF OPEN ACCESS Let's begin by providing a definition of open access. Peter Suber, a doyen of the open access movement, has described open access literature as "digital, online, free of charge, and free of most copyright and licensing restrictions."1 In similar fashion, the Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition (SPARC) defines open access as "the free, immediate, online availability of research articles coupled with the rights to use these articles fully in the digital environment."2 There is ambiguity at the heart of the open access movement. Does "open" mean simply the freedom to read online or does "open" imply other rights? Acconling to Peter Suber, a distinction may be drawn between "gratis" and "libre" open access.3 1he first allows users to read materials without cost online whereas the second permits them to rework, translate, redistribute, and query materials computationally, among other things. There is ongoing conversation among experts about whether only the "libre" form genuinely qualifies as open access.4 We are experiencing a period of major innovation in the business models of open access.
    [Show full text]