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Nota Bene News from the Yale Library
Spring 2005 Volume XIX, Number 1 Nota Bene News from the Yale Library The Lost Papers of Louise Bryant The personal papers of the pioneering foreign correspon- dent Louise Bryant arrived unexpectedly at the Sterling Memorial Library at Yale University. Thought to be lost, the papers contain such treasures as Bryant’s notes on what she witnessed in Russia during the communist revolution of 1917 and several poems written by the young playwright Eugene O’Neill, apparently never before published. Louise Bryant lived a remarkable life. Born in 1885, she was one of the earliest women to become a star foreign correspondent. Her reporting on the Russian Revolution appeared in hundreds of American news- papers and, for a brief period, she was one of the lead- ing authorities in the United States on the new Soviet government, publishing two books on the subject. She knew personally and interviewed many of the leading figures of revolutionary Russia including Vladimir Lenin, Leon Trotsky, and Alexandr Kerensky. Bryant filled her personal life with similarly noteworthy individuals. Her second husband was the radical journalist John Reed; her third husband was William C. Bullitt, the first American ambassador to the Soviet Union and later ambassador to France; and she had a short but 1919 intense affair with Eugene O’Neill. Poster advertising a lecture by Louise Bryant, The Bryant papers came to Sterling Memorial Library along with the papers of William C. Bullitt as part of a deposit by Anne Moen Bullitt, the daughter of Bryant and Bullitt. Biographers of Bryant believed her personal Lloyd Richards papers at the papers to be lost, but when the boxes arrived, archi- Beinecke Library vists were astonished by the quantity and quality of the materials relating to Louise Bryant. -
The Triumph and Anguish of the Russian Revolution: Bessie Beatty's
The Triumph and Anguish of the Russian Revolution: Bessie Beatty’s Forgotten Chronicle Lyubov Ginzburg … only time will be able to attribute both the political and the social revolution their true values. Bessie Beatty, the Bulletin, 25 September 1917 The centennial of the Russian Revolution celebrated two and a half years ago has been marked by a pronounced revival of interest in its origins and impact upon modern history all over the globe. The occasion presented an opportunity to revisit the unprecedented social and political upheaval that convulsed the country in 1917, defined the world order for much of the twentieth century, and continues to reverberate in Russian national and international politics to this day. Along with countless newly revealed primary sources which have gradually found their way into the public domain, this event has been encrusted with novel meanings spawned within a growing number of discourses previously excluded from his- torical scrutiny. An example of such a disparity would be an unfortunate slight to gendered narratives in the understanding and interpretation of one of the most controversial social experiments in human history. In spite of the fact that, as with their male counterparts, foreign female correspondents became chroniclers, witnesses, and, in some instances, participants in the thrilling social drama, there have been few references to their representation of the Revolution(s) in its histori- ography.1 Meanwhile, compelled to understanding Russia, while informing com- 1 Although disproportionally less than their men-authored counterparts, women’s narratives have previously sparked some occasional interest among historians and scholars of journalism and women studies. -
The Bolshevil{S and the Chinese Revolution 1919-1927 Chinese Worlds
The Bolshevil{s and the Chinese Revolution 1919-1927 Chinese Worlds Chinese Worlds publishes high-quality scholarship, research monographs, and source collections on Chinese history and society from 1900 into the next century. "Worlds" signals the ethnic, cultural, and political multiformity and regional diversity of China, the cycles of unity and division through which China's modern history has passed, and recent research trends toward regional studies and local issues. It also signals that Chineseness is not contained within territorial borders overseas Chinese communities in all countries and regions are also "Chinese worlds". The editors see them as part of a political, economic, social, and cultural continuum that spans the Chinese mainland, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau, South East Asia, and the world. The focus of Chinese Worlds is on modern politics and society and history. It includes both history in its broader sweep and specialist monographs on Chinese politics, anthropology, political economy, sociology, education, and the social science aspects of culture and religions. The Literary Field of New Fourth Artny Twentieth-Century China Communist Resistance along the Edited by Michel Hockx Yangtze and the Huai, 1938-1941 Gregor Benton Chinese Business in Malaysia Accumulation, Ascendance, A Road is Made Accommodation Communism in Shanghai 1920-1927 Edmund Terence Gomez Steve Smith Internal and International Migration The Bolsheviks and the Chinese Chinese Perspectives Revolution 1919-1927 Edited by Frank N Pieke and Hein Mallee -
The Kpd and the Nsdap: a Sttjdy of the Relationship Between Political Extremes in Weimar Germany, 1923-1933 by Davis William
THE KPD AND THE NSDAP: A STTJDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POLITICAL EXTREMES IN WEIMAR GERMANY, 1923-1933 BY DAVIS WILLIAM DAYCOCK A thesis submitted for the degree of Ph.D. The London School of Economics and Political Science, University of London 1980 1 ABSTRACT The German Communist Party's response to the rise of the Nazis was conditioned by its complicated political environment which included the influence of Soviet foreign policy requirements, the party's Marxist-Leninist outlook, its organizational structure and the democratic society of Weimar. Relying on the Communist press and theoretical journals, documentary collections drawn from several German archives, as well as interview material, and Nazi, Communist opposition and Social Democratic sources, this study traces the development of the KPD's tactical orientation towards the Nazis for the period 1923-1933. In so doing it complements the existing literature both by its extension of the chronological scope of enquiry and by its attention to the tactical requirements of the relationship as viewed from the perspective of the KPD. It concludes that for the whole of the period, KPD tactics were ambiguous and reflected the tensions between the various competing factors which shaped the party's policies. 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE abbreviations 4 INTRODUCTION 7 CHAPTER I THE CONSTRAINTS ON CONFLICT 24 CHAPTER II 1923: THE FORMATIVE YEAR 67 CHAPTER III VARIATIONS ON THE SCHLAGETER THEME: THE CONTINUITIES IN COMMUNIST POLICY 1924-1928 124 CHAPTER IV COMMUNIST TACTICS AND THE NAZI ADVANCE, 1928-1932: THE RESPONSE TO NEW THREATS 166 CHAPTER V COMMUNIST TACTICS, 1928-1932: THE RESPONSE TO NEW OPPORTUNITIES 223 CHAPTER VI FLUCTUATIONS IN COMMUNIST TACTICS DURING 1932: DOUBTS IN THE ELEVENTH HOUR 273 CONCLUSIONS 307 APPENDIX I VOTING ALIGNMENTS IN THE REICHSTAG 1924-1932 333 APPENDIX II INTERVIEWS 335 BIBLIOGRAPHY 341 4 ABBREVIATIONS 1. -
Chapter Thirty-Six German Imperialism and the Working Class (March 1912) Karl Radek
Chapter Thirty-Six German Imperialism and the Working Class (March 1912) Karl Radek Karl Bernardovich Radek (1885–1939) was born Karl Sobelsohn in Lvov (then in the Polish part of Austria-Hungary) to a Jewish family. He was active in socialist circles from the age of sixteen, joining the Social-Democratic Party of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania. In 1904, he moved to Switzerland, but, the following year, he returned to Poland to partici- pate in revolutionary activity in Warsaw. After a brief prison-term, Radek spent the next decade working as a Social-Democratic publicist in both Poland and Ger- many. Together with Anton Pannekoek, he became one of the two main spokesmen of the Bremen left wing grouped around the Bremer Bürger- Zeitung. His criticisms so irritated leading socialists that he was successively expelled from the Polish and the German Social-Democratic Parties. During the First World War, Radek returned to Switzerland, where he became Lenin’s main ally in the Zimmerwald Left. After the overthrow of the Tsar in February 1917, Radek accompanied Lenin in the ‘sealed train’ across Germany, but was not allowed to enter Russia. He then spent several months in Stockholm organising Bolshevik support among European socialists, and, after the Bolshevik Revolution in October 1917, he moved to Moscow. There, he became responsible 524 • Karl Radek for foreign-language propaganda, accompanying Leon Trotsky to Brest- Litovsk although he opposed the treaty and supported the Left-Communist opposition. At the end of 1918, after the collapse of the imperial régime in Germany, Radek returned to Berlin in order to help organise the German Communist Party. -
WILLIAM J. CHASE Department of History 5810 Aylesboro Avenue
WILLIAM J. CHASE Department of History 5810 Aylesboro Avenue University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA 15217 Pittsburgh, PA 15260 412-298-9708 412-648-7470 [email protected] ACADEMIC POSITIONS Professor of History, University of Pittsburgh, 2000- Director, Urban Studies Program, University of Pittsburgh, 2011- Acting Chair, Department of History, University of Pittsburgh, 2009 Interim Director, Center for Russian and East European Studies, University of Pittsburgh, 2007 Chair, Department of History, University of Pittsburgh, 2002-2006 Professor of History, Semester at Sea, Fall 2003 Associate Professor of History, University of Pittsburgh, 1985-2000 Director, Center for Russian and East European Studies, University of Pittsburgh, 1989-1991 Assistant Professor of History, University of Pittsburgh, 1979-1985 Instructor of History, Boston College, 1976-1979 PUBLICATIONS Enemies Within the Gates? The Comintern and the Stalinist Repression, 1934-1939 (Yale University Press, 2001). (To view translations of some documents from this book, see http://www.yale.edu/annals/Chase/Documents/list_of_documents.htm) Co-Editor, Rossiiskii Gosudarstvennyi Arkhiv Ekonomiki. Putevoditel‘. Tom 1. (Guide to the Russian State Archive of the Economy. Vol. 1.) (with Jeffrey Burds, E.A. Tiurina, S.V. Pasolova, A.K. Sokolov) (Moscow 1994) Workers, Society and the Soviet State: Labor and Life in Moscow, 1918-1929, (University of Illinois Press, Studies of the W. Averell Harriman Institute, 1987, 1990). “Scapegoating One’s Comrades in the USSR, 1934-1937,” in James Harris and Sarah Davies, ed., Anatomy of Terror. Political Violence under Stalin (Oxford University Press, 2013) “Scapegoating One’s Comrades in the USSR, 1934-1937,” Russian History, vol. 38, no. 1 (2011), 21-39. -
Mirrors of Moscow
MIRRORS OF MOSCOW MIRRORS OF MOSCOW I BY LOUISE BRYANT With five illustrations by CESARE NEW YORK THOMAS SELTZER 1923 Copyright, 1923, by THOMAS SELTZER, INc. All rights reserued ftiJITED IN THB VIUTED STATBS OF A:U:BR.JCA TO THREE WISE EDITORs- M. KOENIGSBERG BRADFORD MERRILL PHILLIP FRANCIS CONTENTS I'AGJ: FoREWORD x1 LENIN AND His SuBORDINATEs 1 JACOB PETERS, FEDORE S. DZERZHINSKY. AND THE ExTRAORDINARY CoMMISSION . 43 ANATOL VASSILIEVITCH LUNACHARSKY AND RussiAN CuLTURE . 69 MICHAEL JVANOVITCH KALININ AND THE PEASANTS 85 MADAME ALEXANDRA KOLLONTAI AND THE WoMAN's MovEMENT • 109 LEON TROTSKY, SoviET WAR LoRD 129 ENVER PASHA AND THE MOHAMMEDANS 147 TIKON AND THE RussiAN CHuRcH 16 5 TcHICHERIN, CoMMISSAR FOR FoREIGN AF- FAIRS, AND HIS SUBORDINATES 179 MAXIM LITVINOV, AssiSTANT CoMMISSAR, LEONID KRASSIN AND SUBORDINATES 197 ~·· ILLUSTRATIONS Fadn1 Pa1t. LENIN 2 KALININ. 86 KoLLONTAI 110 TROTSKY. ENVER PASHA FOREWORD Revolution I The air is filled with flames· and fumes. The shapes of men, seen through the smoke, become distorted and unreal. Promethean super men, they seem,· giants in sin ·or virtue, Sa tans or saviours. But, in truth, behind the screen of smoke and flame they are like other men : no larger and no smaller, no better and no worse: all crea tures of the same incessant passions, hungers, vani ties and fears. So it is in Russia. And in this book I have tried to show the leaders of the revolution as they really are, as I know· them i.n their homes, where the red glare does not penetrate and they live as other men. -
Studies in Atatürk's Turkey
Studies in Atatürk’s Turkey Th e Ottoman Empire and its Heritage Politics, Society and Economy Edited by Suraiya Faroqhi and Halil Inalcik Advisory Board Firket Adanir, Idris Bostan, Palmira Brummett, Amnon Cohen, Jane Hathaway, Klaus Kreiser, Hans Georg Majer, Ahmet Yaşar Ocak, Abdeljelil Temimi, Gilles Veinstein VOLUME 40 Studies in Atatürk’s Turkey Th e American Dimension Edited by George S. Harris and Nur Bilge Criss LEIDEN • BOSTON 2009 Cover illustration: Ghazi Mustafa Kemal, Chairman of Turkey’s National Assembly, 24 April 1923. Th is book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Studies in Atatürk’s Turkey : the American dimension / edited by George S. Harris and Nur Bilge Criss. p. cm. — (Th e Ottoman Empire and its heritage, ISSN 1380-6076 ; v. 40) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-90-04-17434-4 (hbk. : alk. paper) 1. United States—Foreign relations— Turkey. 2. Turkey—Foreign relations—United States. 3. Diplomats—United States— History—20th century. 4. Diplomats—Turkey—History—20th century. 5. United States—Foreign relations—1923–1929. 6. United States—Foreign relations—1929–1933. 7. United States—Foreign relations—1933–1945. 8. Atatürk, Kemal, 1881–1938. 9. Turkey—Foreign relations—1918–1960. I. Harris, George S. (George Sellers), 1931– II. Criss, Bilge. III. Title. IV. Series. E183.8.T8S78 2009 327.730561—dc22 2009012417 ISSN 1380-6076 ISBN 978 90 04 17434 4 Copyright 2009 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, Th e Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP. All rights reserved. -
Syllabus Bert Gordon 1 the Course Does Today's Russia Represent a Return To
Russia from the 1917 Revolutions to the Present - Syllabus 1 Bert Gordon The Course Does today’s Russia represent a return to Cold War days when the world sometimes seemed on the brink of nuclear destruction? Is the regime of Vladimir Putin a 21st century reincarnation of tsarist Russia, as some claim? Our class looks at the development of Russia from the 1917 revolutions to the present, in the context of a long-term view of that country’s history. Throughout we will discuss the relations of Russia and the West: similarities and differences. During our first meeting, we look briefly at the vast geographical expanse that is Russia, then survey the development of the Russian state through Peter the Great, incorporating many non-Russian-speaking areas into the growing empire. Our attention then focuses on a significant turning point, the emancipation of the serfs in 1861 (at almost the same time as the end of slavery in the United States). We next discuss the attempts to restructure Russian society following the emancipation of the serfs and the culture of late Tsarist Russia, the world of Tolstoy and Dostoyevsky. In our second meeting, we turn in more depth to the impact of the First World War, which led to two revolutions in 1917, the first overthrowing the tsar, the second establishing Lenin and the Communists in power. The excitement of witnessing what to many looked like the beginning of a new and more socially just era drew Americans such as John Reed and Louise Bryant to Moscow to write about what they saw as the dawn of a golden age. -
Leon Trotsky and the Barcelona "May Days" of 1937
Received: 20 May 2019 Revised: 2 July 2019 Accepted: 19 August 2019 DOI: 10.1111/lands.12448 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Leon Trotsky and the Barcelona "May Days" of 1937 Grover C. Furr Department of English, Montclair State University, Montclair, New Jersey Abstract During the past several decades, evidence has come to Correspondence light which proves that Leon Trotsky lied a great deal to Grover C. Furr, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043. cover up his conspiracies against the Stalin regime in the E-mail: [email protected] USSR. References to the studies that reveal Trotsky's falsehoods and conspiracies are included in the article. The present article demonstrates how this evidence changes the conventional understanding of the assassina- tions of some Trotskyists at the hands of the Soviet NKVD and Spanish communists, during the Spanish Civil War. A brief chronology of the Barcelona May Days revolt of 1937 is appended. During the past several decades evidence has come to light which proves that Leon Trotsky lied a great deal in order to cover up his conspiracies against the Stalin regime in the USSR. In 1980 and subsequent years Pierre Broué, the foremost Trotskyist historian in the world at the time, discovered that Trotsky approved the “bloc of Rights and Trotskyites,” whose existence was the most important charge in the Moscow Trials, and had maintained contact with clandestine supporters with whom he publicly claimed to have broken ties. Arch Getty discovered that Trotsky had specifically contacted, among others, Karl Radek, while he and Radek continued to attack each other in public. -
LENIN the DICTATOR an Intimate Portrait
LENIN THE DICTATOR An Intimate Portrait VICTOR SEBESTYEN LLeninenin TThehe DDictatorictator - PP4.indd4.indd v 117/01/20177/01/2017 112:372:37 First published in Great Britain in 2017 by Weidenfeld & Nicolson 1 3 5 7 9 10 8 6 4 2 © Victor Sebestyen 2017 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of both the copyright owner and the above publisher. The right of Victor Sebestyen to be identifi ed as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. HB ISBN 978 1 47460044 6 TPB 978 1 47460045 3 Typeset by Input Data Services Ltd, Bridgwater, Somerset Printed and bound by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon, CR0 4YY Weidenfeld & Nicolson The Orion Publishing Group Ltd Carmelite House 50 Victoria Embankment London EC4Y 0DZ An Hachette UK Company www.orionbooks.co.uk LLeninenin TThehe DDictatorictator - PP4.indd4.indd vvii 117/01/20177/01/2017 112:372:37 In Memory of C. H. LLeninenin TThehe DDictatorictator - PP4.indd4.indd vviiii 117/01/20177/01/2017 112:372:37 MAPS LLeninenin TThehe DDictatorictator - PP4.indd4.indd xxii 117/01/20177/01/2017 112:372:37 NORTH NORWAY London SEA (independent 1905) F SWEDEN O Y H C D U N D A D L Stockholm AN IN GR F Tammerfors FRANCE GERMANGERMAN EMPIRE Helsingfors EMPIRE BALTIC Berlin SEA Potsdam Riga -
Editor's Introduction.Pdf
Editor’s Introduction Julia L. Mickenberg “It is a noteworthy fact that a large number of those who have written of the present situation in Russia are women,” the writer Margaret Ashmun notes in a 1919 review essay entitled “Russia Through Women’s Eyes”: The modern woman does not shrink from physical hardships, and her imagination overleaps hunger and danger when she sees an issue at stake. Moreover, this is preeminently the age of woman in revolt: and whoever has the courage to rebel against oppression, in actuality or only in spirit, is an object of intense interest to women in general. Any attempt, however bungling, to right a social wrong wins from them a throb of sympathy, even when their better judgment disapproved both method and result.… This strongly developed social sense in the best type of modern woman explains why they have responded to the appeal of Russia in Revolution.1 Behind the Battle Line: Around the World in 1918 by Madeleine Z. Doty (1918) is among the books that Ashmun discusses, as half of that book is devoted to a discus- sion of the revolution unfolding in Russia. And Doty herself was in many ways the prototypical “modern woman.” Today, both Doty and her account of the Russian Revolution are largely forgotten. However, Doty’s own story and her reporting on the revolution, the latter drawn from Behind the Battle Line and reprinted here for the first time as a stand-alone volume, offer much that is of interest to contemporary readers. Doty arrived in St. Petersburg (then called Petrograd) just days after Lenin and the Bolsheviks launched their coup against the Provisional Government, in Novem- ber 1917.