SWIMMING POOL CONSTRUCTION Swimming Pool Construction

SWIMMING POOL CONSTRUCTION Swimming pool construction

• Extensive range of functional trims to create Finnish, Wiesbaden and Berlin pool overflows • Overflow channels for all systems with a variable channel volume • Shallow drainage channel for the pool rim area • Curved and cove base ceramic beading system for inside and outside corners • Addition of a cove base for wet areas to match the design of the CROSSOVER, MY EARTH and X-PLANE ranges Swimming pool construction

2 Sportbad Swimming Pool Ingolstadt | Photo: © Ritchie Herbert Swimming pool construction

3 Swimming pool construction

Rehazenter, Luxembourg · Architects: m3 architectes s.a. - Dell, Linster, Lucas, Luxembourg · Photo: Weber, Luxembourg · Tile range: PRO ARCHITECTURA Swimming pool construction

LANDIDYLL Wohlfühlhotel “Michels”, Schalkenmehren

4 Swimming pool construction

“Fron Badeland”, Norway· Photo: www.imagephoto.no

Impressive technology and versatile design: thanks to format system, as well as the various vilbostone porce- Swimming pool construction the fact that its modular product range is always up to lain stoneware ranges in a wide selection of designs. date, V&B Tiles is the competent partner for both the We are able to assist architects and engineers in the construction and renovation of swimming pools and planning of their projects with the following services: wellness facilities. • Individual technical advice for new construction and In addition to all the essential channel systems, our renovation projects range includes a wide variety of supplemental functional trims and strips for swimming pools of all kinds. • CAD-aided detailed technical and design planning

As a single-source supplier, we recognise the importance • Customised tender texts of offering attractive, high-quality tile ranges for the surrounding areas, wellness facilities, catering and food service areas and other functional rooms, too. In particular, this includes the PRO ARCHITECTURA colour and

5 Swimming pool construction

Solehallenbad, Carolinensiel · pbr Planungsbüro Rohling AG, Foto: Ulrich Hoppe

In order to satisfy the design demands of modern plan- The MY EARTH and X-PLANE ranges are of particular ning, comprehensive technical renovation work that is in note here. Thanks to their natural charm and warm keeping with modern standards, and accurate restora- atmosphere they have already made their mark in tion, we offer an extremely wide range of trim systems numerous projects. for the realisation of swimming pools that are technically perfect. For the first time, Villeroy & Boch Tiles is also offering Swimming pool construction With our system ranges, which not only offer the neces- cove base trims to match the popular CROSSOVER, sary technical properties, but also attractive designs MY EARTH and X-PLANE design ranges. We are one of for all areas of a swimming pool, products from the first manufacturers to offer architects and planners a Villeroy & Boch Tiles ensure that architects and planners way of realising high-quality design concepts in func- have full scope for individual design. tional areas, such as shower areas, changing facilities and toilets, without having to forego the technical advan- In addition to the extensive PRO ARCHITECTURA colour tages of a cove base. and format system, we recommend our vilbostone porcelain stoneware ranges, which are sure to impress on both a technical and design level.

6 Swimming pool construction

Hallenfreizeitbad (indoor leisure pool) Karben, Architects: Werk 9 architekten + ingenieure GmbH, Herzebrock-Clarholz and Cologne · Tile range: MY EARTH Swimming pool construction

Hallenfreizeitbad (indoor leisure pool) Karben, Architects: Werk 9 architekten + ingenieure GmbH, Herzebrock-Clarholz and Cologne · Tile range: MY EARTH

7 Swimming pool construction

Aquapark Bruntál, Czech Republic Swimming pool construction

„Schwimmoper“ indoor swimming pool in Wuppertal, pbr Planungsbüro Rohling AG · Photo: Ulrich Hoppe

8 Fundamentals of swimming pool construction

das blau, St. Ingbert · Planners: Berwanger Architekten, St. Wendel Swimming pool construction

The line of swimming pool ceramics consists of modular Lattice paper on front must be specified when placing trims in a nominal length of 200 mm (197 mm + 3 mm orders. joint) and modular tiles from the PRO ARCHITECTURA Formats larger than 10 x 10 cm are supplied loose in the range. Modular tiles are based on the basic module “M” box. (100 mm) and multiples thereof, plus smaller supple- mentary dimensions, e.g. 50 mm. The modular dimensi- All pool dimensions (rough shell and finished), fixtures, ons of our tiles and functional trims are derived from the recesses for inlets and drains must be coordinated. The factory dimensions plus the joint width. The smaller the rough shell planning is made on the basis of the tile plan- tile/functional trim, the smaller the joint can be. The ning. The V&B Fliesen GmbH tile planning service is free resulting modular dimension will not change. of charge.

The small format tiles (10 x 10 cm, 5 x 5 cm and 2.5 x 2.5 Please contact your sales agent or the Planning Depart- cm) are supplied on ready-to-set sheets. The sheets are ment directly, at available with the lattice paper attached on the front or Project planning – technology and design back. Tel.: +49 (0) 6864 – 81 3245 Fax: +49 (0) 6864 – 81 3592 For wet areas is required using tiles with lattice paper on E-Mail: [email protected] the front only or with glass fibre lattice backing only.

9 Fundamentals of swimming pool construction

3 3 3 3 3 3 197 197 197 197 197

200 200 200 200 200

Position from edge = n x 200 + 101,5 mm Centre distance = n x 200 mm Position from edge = n x 200 + 101,5 mm Rough shell = n x 200 + 126,5 mm Rough shell = n x 200 + 126,5 mm

Finished dimension = n x 200 + 5 mm XX

n x 100n + x 3 mm Rough shell dimension = Finished dimension + 2 x 25 mm ca. 50 ca.

The (nominal) length of the functional trims (200 mm) • The finished length of the pool is therefore calculated determines a basic linear division for the dimensions as follows: finished length = n x 200 mm + 3 mm of the pool in multiples of 200 mm. As in masonry, this is • The rough shell length is calculated as follows: a break dimension and an additional joint must be Rough shell length = finished length + 2 x construction included. thickness of walls The walls are made of plaster, mortar and tiles = generally 25 mm. Swimming pool construction The rough shell length is therefore the finished length + 50 mm. • The position of the drains: Special notes: position from edge = n x 200 mm + 101.5 mm Please specify in your order if you require lattice paper • The axial spacing of the drains is: on the front side of mosaic tiles. centre distance = n x 200 mm • The pool depth is calculated by: All system components and trims are made by order for depth = height of trim + n x 100 mm + 5 mm your specific project. To allow continual and uniform overflow, care must be taken when laying the pool edge that it is perfectly hori- After clarification of technical feasibility, other colours zontal and level. According to the German “Guidelines from the PRO ARCHITECTURA range are available on for pool construction” deviations in height of +/- 2 mm request for an extra charge of 30%. are acceptable.

The following drawings were produced by the company V&B Fliesen GmbH. The user is responsible for verifying the correctness and suitability of the variant concerned. V&B Fliesen GmbH provides no guarantee and shall not be held liable in this connection.

10 Fundamentals of swimming pool construction

Drains

The number of drains depends on the size of the pool, Villeroy & Boch Tiles supplies drain connectors or whis- the size of the overflow channels and the water circula- pering drains to connect the tiles around the drain to the tion, and has to be calculated by a water-treatment firm. piping. These should be ordered separately. As shown in Approx. 2 – 3.5 m can be taken as a general guideline for the installation instructions, the tiler should attach the the centre distance, depending on the overflow system. short connector under the drain with epoxy resin. Drain funnels (available from manufacturers of accesso- The whispering drain is inserted from above and secured ries) should be concreted in to compensate for installa- with a rubber seal. tion tolerances in the drain piping.

Drain dimensions in mm A Art. A B C 3631 112 80 110 3661 75 50 65 3671 116 80 110 3681 155 80 110 3691 155 80 110 3601 93 80 110 3621 48.5 50 66 C B Special note: Outlet connectors and whispering drains must be ordered separately. 63 8 36 4 13 5 88 75 53 49 52 35 30

48 75 48 100 62 105 62 110 Art. 3962 Art. 3972 Art. 3963 Art. 3952

Whispering drain Ø 48 mm Whispering drain Ø 75 mm Whispering drain Ø 48 mm Drain connector Swimming pool construction Flange Ø 62 mm Flange Ø 105 mm Flange Ø 62 mm Ø 100 mm Plastic, grey, PN72 Plastic, white, PN72 Brass alloy, PN72 Plastic, yellow, PN71 Draining volume max. 2,4 m³/h Draining volume max. 7,2 m³/h Draining volume max. 2,1 m³/h Price group E52 Price group E137 Price group E137 Price group E137

Drain funnel Drain funnel

Connection with whispering drain Connection with drain connector

11 PRO ARCHITECTURA COLOURS

Glazed vitreous EN 14411-BIb · Walls and floors Neutral Line Glazed porcelain stoneware EN 14411-BIa · Walls and floors PN00 z PN50 z white ivory RAL 9003 RAL 100 90 05

PN01 r PN09 z PN05 z green grey 25% yellow RAL 160 60 25 RAL 000 85 00 RAL 085 80 85

PN02 r PN10 r PN06 t dark green grey 50% orange RAL 170 40 20 RAL 000 55 00 RAL 060 60 60

PN03 r PN11 r PN07 r blue grey 75% red RAL 260 50 30 RAL 000 45 00 RAL 040 50 60

PN04 r PN12 r PN08 r dark blue black dark red RAL 270 30 30 RAL 000 15 00 RAL 030 30 40

vilbostone porcelain stoneware EN 14411-BIa · Floor GRANIFLOOR

911H 913H 913M 913D RAL 100 90 05 000 75 00 000 65 00 240 40 05

PN80 PN81 PN82 PN83 PN84 RAL 100 90 05 000 85 00 000 65 00 000 45 00 000 25 00

Glazed vitreous EN 14411-BIb / Glazed porcelain stoneware EN 14411-BIa · Walls and floors aquamarine turquoise smaragd jade beryl citrine topaz amber carneol Line Line Line Line Line Line Line Line Line Swimming pool construction light

PN13 t PN16 t PN19 t PN22 t PN25 z PN28 z PN31 z PN34 t PN37 t RAL 260 70 10 230 70 10 190 70 10 150 70 20 120 70 30 095 80 30 080 90 20 070 90 20 040 70 20 medium

PN14 t PN17 r PN20 r PN23 r PN26 z PN29 z PN32 z PN35 t PN38 t RAL 260 60 15 230 60 15 190 70 20 150 60 20 120 60 30 095 80 40 070 80 20 060 70 30 030 60 20 dark

PN15 t PN18 r PN21 r PN24 r PN27 z PN30 r PN33 t PN36 r PN39 t RAL 260 50 20 230 50 20 190 60 25 160 50 25 120 60 40 090 80 60 070 70 40 060 70 40 030 50 20

vilbostone porcelain stoneware EN 14411-BIa · Floor

PN85 PN86 PN87 PN88 PN89 PN90 PN91 PN92 PN93 RAL 260 60 15 230 60 10 190 60 20 150 60 20 120 60 30 090 70 50 070 70 30 070 80 30 030 40 20

12 Swimming pool construction OVERVIEW OF PRODUCTS

Finnish overflow system Channel Piece Stair tread nose & high-level system Pool edge

Grip trough Grating support angle Channel piece Edge tile

Art. 3010 Art. 3014 Art. 3600 Art. 3050

Grip trough with outlet Inside corner Channel piece with outlet Inside corner (Mitred pair) (Mitred pair)

Art. 3011 Art. 3015 Art. 3601 Art. 3051

Inside corner Outside corner Channel piece half lenght Outside corner (Mitred pair) (Mitred pair) (Mitred pair)

Art. 3012 Art. 3016 Art. 3602 Art. 3052

Outside corner Grating support angle Inside corner (Mitred pair) Ladder (Mitred pair)

Art. 3013 Art. 3017 Art. 3604 Art. 3055

Outside corner (Mitred pair)

Art. 3605

System of colours · Glazed vitreous EN 14411 BIb

PN00 PN55 white aquamarine light & dark blue

PN13 PN56 aquamarine aquamarine light & light black

PN04 PN09 PN57 dark blue grey 25 % white & black

PN12 PN31 PN58 black topaz white & light dark blue

13 Swimming pool construction OVERVIEW OF PRODUCTS

„Wiesbaden“ „Wiesbaden“ large overflow channel „Wiesbaden“ „Wiesbaden“ „Wiesbaden“ large overflow channel with mosaic recess small overflow channel large overflow channel small overflow channel high-level system high-level system high-level system low-level system low-level system

Chanel piece

Art. 3690 Art. 3680 Art. 3670 Art. 3630 Art. 3660

Chanel piece with outlet

Art. 3691 Art. 3681 Art. 3671 Art. 3631 Art. 3661

Chanel piece half length

Art. 3692 Art. 3682 Art. 3672 Art. 3632 Art. 3662

Inside corner (Mitred pair)

Art. 3694 Art. 3674 Art. 3634 Art. 3664

Outside corner (Mitred pair)

Art. 3695 Art. 3685 Art. 3675 Art. 3635 Art. 3665

14 Swimming pool construction OVERVIEW OF PRODUCTS

„Berlin“ Pool running edge Curved and cove base Ceramic channel overflow channel low-level system ceramic beading in the pool rim high-level system

Cove base ceramic beading Channel piece

Art. 3540 Art. 3650 Art. 3160 Art. 3120 Art. 3620

Curved ceramic beading Channel Piece with outlet

Art. 3161 Art. 3121 Art. 3621 Art. 3542 Art. 3652 Channel Piece half lenght Curved ceramic beading half length

Art. 3162 Art. 3122 Art. 3622 Art. 3544 Art. 3654 Inside-/Outside corner Cove base ceramic beading outside corner

Art. 3163 Art. 3123 Art. 3624

Art. 3545 Art. 3655 End Piece Cove base ceramic beading outside corner

Art. 3626 Art. 3164 Art. 3124

Curved ceramic beading inside corner

Art. 3165 Art. 3125 Swimming pool construction Cove base ceramic beading inside corner

Art. 3166 Art. 3126

Drain connector & Whispering drain

Drain connector Whispering drain Whispering drain Outlet ø 100 mm ø 48 mm ø 75 mm ø 48 mm 4 63 36 8 13 88 5 53 49 52 75 35 30

100 48 75 48 110 105 Art. 3952 Art. 396262 Art. 3972 Art. 396362

15 Pool edge systems in detail

High water level/“Finnish” overflow system 31 31 15 15 Colours 97 7 9 1 19 7 97

Art. 3010 Art. 3011 vilbostone porcelain stoneware Material Grip trough Grip trough with outlet EN 14411-BIa PN55, PN56, PN57, PN58 PN55, PN56, PN57, PN58 Applications Pool edge - indoors / outdoors Price group E60 Price group E63 Actual size see diagrams f C f C Joints approx 3 mm Finish uni-coloured Surface | Glaze formed, rough | matt 31 Calculation unit | Packing Piece | loose in box 1 7 97 19 97 97 Matching wall tiles PRO ARCHITECTURA Underwater edges such as steps or the front edge of the “Finn- Art. 3012 Art. 3013 Inside corner Outside corner ish” system must be accentuated with a stripe of a different colour (PN04, PN12). PN55, PN56, PN57, PN58 PN55, PN56, PN57, PN58 Depending on requirements, the following colour combinations Price group E87 Price group E109 are available: f C f C PN55 = PN04 + PN13 (dark blue and aquamarine) PN56 = PN12 + PN13 (black and aquamarine) PN57 = PN00 + PN12 (white and black) PN58 = PN00 + PN04 (white and dark blue) 25 40 15 15 25

15 In Germany, “Finnish” overflow systems are expected 40 Special points to satisfy the following requirements: 25 97 9 22 97 1 7 1 • The pool edge must offer something to hold onto (grip). 25 • The grip must be 15 mm high/deep. Art. 3014 Art. 3015 • The grip must be situated within 100 mm of the vertical wall of Grating support Inside corner the pool. PN00, PN13 PN00, PN13 • The rear side of the grip should be as vertical as possible. Price group E74 Price group E124 • The top of the grip must be accentuated by means of a stripe of contrasting colour measuring at least 2.5 cm across. f C f C • The slope of the washover incline must be max. 10 %, and the surface finish must answer the description of slip resistance category C. 20

1 7 97 97 19 1 33

Art. 3016 Art. 3017 Outside corner Angle grating support PN00, PN13 PN00 Price group E124 Price group E28 f C PN55 PN56

80 80 = PN04 dark blue = PN12 black 1 1 94 + PN13 aquamarine + PN13 aquamarine 65 65 50 50 Swimming pool construction 15 15

1 0 1 0 97 17 97 17

Art. 3600 Art. 3601 Channel piece Channel piece with outlet PN57 PN58 PN00 PN00 = PN00 white = PN00 white + PN12 black + PN04 dark blue Price group E52 Price group E93

0 18 65 50 65 15 Matching outlets on page 323 70 1 0 1 80 18 97

Art. 3602 Art. 3604 Channel piece, half length Inside corner PN00 PN00 Price group E37 Price group E93 65

1 7 97 19

Art. 3605 Outside corner PN00 Price group E93

16 Pool edge systems in detail

High water level/“Finnish” overflow system

3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 97 97 97 250 97 97 97

Art. 3017 14 Water level ±0.00 Art. 3010 "C" Art. 3214 "C" Art. 3014 "C" Art. 3213 "B" Inclination 25 28 8 Bonded waterproofing 3

15 Inclination 10% 3 Art. 3171 or Art. 3215 Capillary breaking joint filler reaction resin filler

30 197 197 274 46,0 l/m 30 Art. 3215 83 85 5 3 Art. 3600 65 20

197 93 103

25 338 195 192 3

Watertight concrete 197

25 300 3

3 3 3 20 97 97 250 175

Art. 3017 Art. 2612 "B" Art. 2612 "B" Water level ±0.00 Art. 3010 "C" Art. 3014 "C" Inclination 25 18 6 15 3

4 Bonded waterproofing Art. 3171 or Art. 3215 Capillary breaking 25 97 joint filler 170 38 l/m 3 30 197 4 4 147 30 Swimming pool construction 97 Art. 3201 Art. 3103 3 3 30 97 96 113

3 25 225 208 97 3 Watertight concrete 97 3 97 25 300 3

High water level - overflow channel with moulded trims

Uses (preferable): Indoor, outdoor, recreation, fun and hotel pools

17 Pool edge systems in detail

High water level/Large overflow channel ”Wiesbaden” 60 Colours 105 200 35

40 vilbostone porcelain Material stoneware EN 14411-BIa 205 197 300 Pool edge - indoors / 40 Applications 15 outdoors Actual size see diagrams Art. 3690 Channel piece Joints approx 3 mm PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 Finish uni-coloured PN00 Price group E115 PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E118 Surface | Glaze formed | matt Calculation unit | Packing Piece | loose in box

5 Matching wall tiles PRO ARCHITECTURA 15 60 105 200 35

205 300 197 300 40 15 155 Water level ±0.00 Capillary breaking joint filler Art. 2612 "B" Art. 2612 "B"

Art. 3691 -0.035 30 Inclination Channel piece with outlet PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 Bonded waterproofing PN00 Price group E130 200 PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E134 23,8 l/m Art. 3690 135

25 60 5 25 105 35 200 25 300 40 197 205

97 300 40 15 Art. 3107 3 Art. 3692 Channel piece, half length PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 Reaction resin filler PN00 Price group E103 PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E107 197

Watertight concrete 3 60 105 140 Swimming pool construction 35 197 40

3 00 205 0 30 40

15 3

Art. 3694 Inside corner (Mitred pair) 25 300 PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 PN00 Price group E174 PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E175 High water level – overflow channel with moulded trims

95 Uses (preferable): 3 00 Indoor, outdoor, recreation, fun and hotel pools 200

1 7 Matching outlets on page 323 97 19

3 1 7 7 97 97 19 39

Art. 3695 Outside corner (Mitred pair) PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 PN00 Price group E175 PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E176

18 Pool edge systems in detail

High water level/Large overflow channel „Wiesbaden“ with mosaik recess 60

10 Colours 105 200 35

40 vilbostone porcelain Material 195 stoneware EN 14411-BIa 1 97 290 Pool edge - indoors / 40 Applications 15 outdoors Actual size see diagrams Art. 3680 Channel piece Joints approx 3 mm PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 Finish uni-coloured PN00 Price group E118 PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E120 Surface | Glaze formed | matt Calculation unit | Packing Piece | loose in box

5 Matching wall tiles PRO ARCHITECTURA 15 60

10 105 200 35

195 1 97 300 290 40 15 155 Water level ±0.00 Capillary breaking joint filler Art. 2612 "B" Art. 2612 "B"

Art. 3681 24 -0.035 30 3 Inclination

Channel piece with outlet 23 2

PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 23

2 Bonded waterproofing

PN00 Price group E126 23 2

PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E129 23 2 Art. 3680 23,8 l/m 135 23 2 23

2 25 60 23 2 23 10 25 2 105 23 2 35 200 23

2 25 300 23

40 2 23 2 195 23

9 2 7 290 40 15 Art. 3753

Art. 3682 Channel piece, half length PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 Reaction resin filler PN00 Price group E99 PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E101

Watertight concrete 95

3 00 200 Swimming pool construction

1 7 97 19

3 1 7 7 97 97 19 39

25 300 Art. 3685 Outside corner (Mitred pair) PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 PN00 Price group E155 PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E160 High water level – overflow channel with moulded trims Uses (preferable): Indoor, outdoor, recreation, fun and hotel pools

Matching outlets on page 323

19 Pool edge systems in detail

High water level/Small overflow channel ”Wiesbaden” 45 150 78 Colours 27

30 7 1 14 vilbostone porcelain 97 Material 5 stoneware EN 14411-BIa 30 22 18 Pool edge - indoors / Applications Art. 3670 outdoors Channel piece Actual size see diagrams PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 PN00 Price group E102 Joints approx 3 mm PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E104 Finish uni-coloured Surface | Glaze formed | matt

6 11 Calculation unit | Packing Piece | loose in box 45 Matching wall tiles PRO ARCHITECTURA 150 78 27

30 7 1 14 97 3 3 3 20 3 3 3 5 30 22 225 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 18

116 Art. 3671 Capillary breaking Channel piece with outlet Water level ±0.00 joint filler Art. 2706 "B" -0.02 Inclination PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 30 PN00 Price group E119 PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E122 Bonded waterproofing

150 11,7 l/m Art. 3670 100 45 25 78 150 5 27 25

7 97 14 97 5 30 22 25 18 225 3

Art. 3672 97 Channel piece, half length Art. 3201 PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 PN00 Price group E89 3 PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E92

97 Reaction resin filler 3 45 78 105 27 97

30 2 7 3 25 14 5 30 22 18 Watertight concrete 97 Art. 3674

Inside corner (Mitred pair) 3 Swimming pool construction PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 PN00 Price group E146 97 PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E147 3

2 1 25 70 97 15 0 3 25 300

3 7 97 39 High water level – overflow channel with moulded trims

Uses (preferable): Art. 3675 Indoor, outdoor, recreation, fun and hotel pools Outside corner (Mitred pair) PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 PN00 Price group E159 PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E160 Matching outlets on page 323

20 Pool edge systems in detail

High water level/Overflow channel ”Berlin“ 100 45

125 Colours 55

5 35 2 25

1 25 97 80 vilbostone porcelain 25 0 Material 13 stoneware EN 14411-BIa Pool edge - indoors / Art. 3540 Applications Pool running edge outdoors PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 Actual size see diagrams PN00 Price group E109 Joints approx 3 mm PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E112 Finish uni-coloured Surface | Glaze formed | matt

45 Calculation unit | Packing Piece | loose in box 100 125 55 Matching wall tiles PRO ARCHITECTURA 5 35 2 25

25 97 80 25 0 13

3 3 Art. 3542 30 305 Pool running edge, half length PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 Water level ±0.00 Art. 3540 Art. 3017 Art. 2248 "B" PN00 Price group E99 Inclination PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E100 25 6

3 Bonded waterproofing 100 Art. 3103 or Art. 3171 5 45 4 Art. 3103 Capillary breaking 125

55 joint filler

5 35 2 25 38 l/m 197 30 125 25 4 1 4 30 80 147 30 25 0 13 197 Art. 3103

4 Art. 3544 3

Inside corner 30 Reaction PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 3 resin filler PN00 Price group E126 PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E130 Art. 3215 96 113

113 208 197 100 Watertight concrete 3

1 7 97 19

Art. 3545

Outside corner 197

PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 25 300 PN00 Price group E154 PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E155 Swimming pool construction 3

High water level – overflow channel with moulded trims

Uses (preferable): Indoor, outdoor, recreation, fun and hotel pools

Matching ouatlets on page 323

21 Pool edge systems in detail

Low water level/Large overflow channel ”Wiesbaden“

123 Colours 150 27

9 vilbostone porcelain 2 Material 1 66 stoneware EN 14411-BIa 97 1 5 30 22 Pool edge - indoors / Applications outdoors Art. 3630 Actual size see diagrams Channel piece PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 Joints approx 3 mm Price group E101 Finish uni-coloured Surface | Glaze formed | matt

5 2 Calculation unit | Packing Piece | loose in box 11 Matching wall tiles PRO ARCHITECTURA 123 150 27

29 1 66 97 1 482 5 30 22 5 3 3 20 3 30 147 147 147 147

Art. 3631 Art. 3650 Channel piece with outlet Art. 2405 "B" PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 Inclination Price group E124

100 Bonded waterproofing 123 150 27 260

60 Capillary breaking 6 16 238 joint filler 97 5 30 22 Water level ±0.00 Art. 3107 25 Art. 3632 Channel piece, half length 112 PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 18,7 l/m 150 PN00 Price group E85 15 01 PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E89 Art. 3630 5 25 123 150 25 200 27

197 25 225 29 Watertight concrete 2 6 25 16 Art. 3107 5 30 22 3

Swimming pool construction Art. 3634 Inside corner (Mitred pair) PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 Reaction resin filler Price group E145 197

1 70 2 25 3 15 0

25 300

3 7 97 39 Low water level – overflow channel with moulded trims

Art. 3635 Uses (preferable): Outside corner (Mitred pair) Indoor, outdoor, recreation, fun and hotel pools PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E160

Matching outlets on page 323

22 Pool edge systems in detail

Low water level/Small overflow channel ”Wiesbaden“ 100

105 Colours 30 25 75

25 19 vilbostone porcelain 7 94 6 Material 2 5 stoneware EN 14411-BIa 14 Pool edge - indoors / Applications Art. 3660 outdoors Channel piece Actual size see diagrams PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 PN00 Price group E98 Joints approx 3 mm PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E99 Finish uni-coloured Surface | Glaze formed | matt Calculation unit | Packing Piece | loose in box 75

100 Matching wall tiles PRO ARCHITECTURA 105 30 25 75

25 19 7 94 332 6 2 5 14 5 3 20 3 30 147 147 147 Art. 3661 Art. 3650 Channel piece with outlet Art. 2405 "B" Inclination PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 PN00 Price group E118

PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E119 100 Bonded waterproofing

Capillary breaking

99 Art. 3107 105 joint filler 30 100 25 75

5 75 Water level ±0.00 25 25 97 94 6 2 5 14 6,5 l/m 100 30 Art. 3662 Art. 3660 100 Channel piece, half length 5

PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 25 PN00 Price group E79 25 PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E81 12025 197

Art. 3107 Watertight concrete 105 130 30 25 3 75

25 1 45 94 6 2 5 14 Reaction resin filler

Art. 3664 197 Inside corner (Mitred pair)

PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 Swimming pool construction PN00 Price group E141

PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E145 3 25 300

1 45

100 Low water level – overflow channel with moulded trims

Uses (preferable): 1 7 97 19 Indoor, outdoor, recreation, fun and hotel pools

Art. 3665 Outside corner (Mitred pair) PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 PN00 Price group E141 PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E147

Matching outlets on page 323

23 Pool edge systems in detail

Low water level | Pool edge piece 35 100

25 Colours 40

35 vilbostone porcelain Material stoneware EN 14411-BIa 19 55 7 1 Pool edge - indoors / 0 Applications 25 18 outdoors Actual size see diagrams Art. 3650 Joints approx 3 mm Pool running edge PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13, PN31 Finish uni-coloured PN00 Price group E106 Surface | Glaze formed | matt PN04, PN12, PN13, PN31 Price group E113 Calculation unit | Packing Piece | loose in box Matching wall tiles PRO ARCHITECTURA 35 25 100 40

5 15 97 0 25 18

5 Art. 3652 30 Pool running edge, half length Art.2644 "B" PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13, PN31 PN00 Price group E90 PN04, PN12, PN13, PN31 Price group E95 100 Art. 3650 5 35 25

40 Skimmer according manufacturers Water level ±0.00 instructions 197

14 5 5 15 18 3 0 0 5 25 18 3 Art. 3654 Inside corner (Mitred pair) PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13, PN31 Art. 3107 PN00 Price group E123

PN04, PN12, PN13, PN31 Price group E126 197 100 3 Swimming pool construction

1 7 97 19 Low water level – ”Skimmer” system

Art. 3655 Uses (preferable): Outside corner (Mitred pair) Private pools PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13, PN31 PN00 Price group E148 PN04, PN12, PN13, PN31 Price group E151

Note: To ensure swimming pool water of hygienic quality, the water is to be treated and disinfected in accordance with DIN 19643-1 (treatment of water for swimming pools). To prevent fungal attack, the surfacing is to undergo thorough cleaning once annually, replacing the entire filling of water.

24 Pool edge systems in detail

High water level/“Finnish” overflow system - Open channel

3 20 3 3 97 677 97 97

Art. 2200 "B" +0.02

Art. 2702 "C" 30 Water level ±0.00 Art. 3010 "C" 28

50 -0.02 Bonded waterproofing 22 15 3 50 30

25 553 197 3

Reaction resine filler 197 Art. 3107 Watertight concrete 3 197

25 300 3

High water level/“St. Moritz“ system

3 23 97 • The rounded-off pool border is higher than the pool surrounding. Art. 3010 "C" Water level ±0.00 • The water level is approximately 15 34 50-60 cm above the pool surroun- 3

ding. 15 90 • The water flows over the pool border, running down the

outside and into the overflow 197 channel, which is flush with the Art. 3215 pool surrounding. Art. 3753 The overflow is executed either 3

as a shallow, open trough or as Swimming pool construction a grate-covered, tiled channel. • Small format tiles are preferable. 585 • With deference to possible 30 erosion, epoxy resin should be 197 used for filling the joints.

Reaction resin filler 3

25 170 25 25 197 Art. 2641 "B" Art. 3017 Art. 3017 Inclination -0.59 25 Bonded waterproofing 3

Capillary breaking Art. 3215

joint filler 115 Art. 3103 197 30 3 25 30 147 70 290 3

Watertight concrete 197

25 Special designs

Therapy pools

In Germany, the design and construction of medicinal • As a rule, the therapist’s gallery should run along one baths is subject to the following basic rules: side of the pool and have a minimum width of 75 cm • The minimum dimensions for therapy pools are and a minimum depth of 80 cm. 3 x 4 m. • A handrail or ledge must be provided at the edge of • The minimum water depth is 0.5 m for children and the pool (water level). 0.8 m for adults. • The steps must be at least 60 cm wide. The tread is • The maximum water depth is 1.35 m. 30 cm with a step height of 0.07 to 0.12 m. A handrail • The pool must have an overflow channel running along must be attached on both sides. all its sides. Skimmers are not acceptable for hygienic • The maximum slope for ramps is 15 %. reasons. • The slope of the pool’s floor should ideally be constant, and should not exceed 4%.

5 2 2 5 123 535 48 48 48 535

Art. 3709 Art. 3161 +0.09 5 5 53 53 25 5 1 Capillary breaking 5

Water level ±0.00 0 joint filler 48 2 6,5 l/m 48 211 10 03

Art. 3660 2 100 48 5 2 2

25 Art. 3709 48 97 2 48

3 25 12025192 25 2 48 97 633 2 Swimming pool construction 337 48

3 25 145 2 48 7 2 48

39 Reaction resin filler

Art. 3201 2 48 97 2 48 3 Watertight concrete 2 48 97 5 3 53 Art.3161 5 5 Art. 3709 97 48 3 -0.70 Polystyrene strip 10 15 3

Art. 2072 "B" Art. 2200 "B" 97 3

1 2 3 = Elastic joint sealant 97 25 294

26 Special designs

Therapy pools

123 288 +0.13 25 Capillary breaking

97 joint filler 77 75 Water level ±0.00 5 1 30

6,5 l/m 130 100 Art. 3660

5 2 25 97 145 25 3 25 360 25 97 Art. 3753 Art. 3201 3 97

3 Reaction resin filler 97 Watertight concrete 3 97 3 25 3 97

3 3 3 123 147 147 -0.77

97 4 5

3 Bonded waterproofing Art. 2404 "B" 97

3 260 1 2 3 4 = Elastic joint sealant Swimming pool construction 97

27 Pool edge systems in detail - Fixtures

Pool access steps

15 Colours

4 7 vilbostone porcelain 7 19 Material 97 stoneware EN 14411-BIa Applications Pool edge - indoors / outdoors Art. 3050 Edge tile Actual size see diagrams PN55, PN56, PN57, PN58 Joints approx 3 mm Price group E46 Finish uni-coloured f C Surface | Glaze formed, rough | matt Calculation unit | Packing Piece | loose in box

15 Matching wall tiles PRO ARCHITECTURA Underwater edges such as steps or the front edge of the “Fin- nish” system must be accentuated with a stripe of 47 a different colour (PN04, PN12). 9 7 97 Depending on requirements, the following colour Special points combinations are available: Art. 3051 PN55 = PN04 + PN13 (dark blue and aquamarine) Edge tile, inside corner PN56 = PN12 + PN13 (black and aquamarine) PN55, PN56, PN57, PN58 PN57 = PN00 + PN12 (white and black) Price group E113 PN58 = PN00 + PN04 (white and dark blue) f C 15

1 7 97 19

Art. 3052 Edge tile, outside corner PN55, PN56, PN57, PN58 Price group E128 f C

PN55 PN56 = PN04 dark blue = PN12 black + PN13 aquamarine + PN13 aquamarine Swimming pool construction

PN57 PN58 = PN00 white = PN00 white + PN12 black + PN04 dark blue

3 3 3 3 97 97 250 297

Art. 2612 "B" Water level ±0.00 Art. 3010 "C" Art. 3014 "C" Inclination 25 8

3 Bonded waterproofing Art. 3214 "C" Art. 3215 Art. 3171 or Art. 3215 3 3 Capillary breaking 97 197 160 Reaction joint filler resin filler 38 l/m Art. 3050 "C"

-0.16 173 4 195 4 30 147 30 15 3 30 Art. 3214 "C" Art. 3103 3 3 3 30

97 197 139 300

Art. 3050 "C" -0.32 96 112 3 15 3 30 225 208 200 Art. 3214 "C"

3 3

97 197 139 Top concrete layer Watertight concrete Art. 3050 "C" -0.48 25 3 30

25 300 300 300 300

28 Pool edge systems in detail - Fixtures

Ladder 50 Colours

7 vilbostone porcelain 19 Material 80 stoneware EN 14411-BIa Applications Ladder - indoors / outdoors Art. 3055 Actual size see diagrams Ladder PN00, PN13 Joints approx 3 mm Price group E102 Finish uni-coloured f C Surface | Glaze formed | matt Calculation unit | Packing Piece | loose in box Matching wall tiles PRO ARCHITECTURA

3 3 3 3 97 97 97 250 Art. 2353 "B" Water level ±0.00 Art. 3010 "C" Art. 3214 "C" Art. 3014 "C" Art. 3017 Inclination 28 28 Bonded waterproofing

15 Inclination 3 max. 10% Art. 3171 or Art. 3215 Capillary breaking

97 273 joint filler

Reaction 39 l/m 3 resin filler 30 300

97 Art. 3103 3 Art. 3201 106 118 97 3

97 80 2 80 19 3

6 97 3 44 3 25 306 97 3 3

156 25 97 3 Art. 3055 97 3 Swimming pool construction 306 97 3 97 3 97 3 97 306 3 97 Art. 3201 3

100156 25

Watertight concrete

29 Pool edge systems in detail - Fixtures

Curved and cove base ceramic beading

2 Colours 5

53 1 97 1 97 vilbostone porcelain 5 Material 3 5 stoneware EN 14411-BIa 5 27 Pool edge - indoors / Applications Art. 3161 Art. 3121 outdoors Curved ceramic beading, r=55 Curved ceramic beading, r=30 PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 Actual size see diagrams PN00 Price group E28 PN00 Price group E16 Joints approx 3 mm PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E34 PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E21 Finish uni-coloured Surface | Glaze formed | matt Calculation unit | Packing Piece | loose in box

2 5 Matching wall tiles PRO ARCHITECTURA 53

97 97 5 53 5 27 Art. 3162 Art. 3122 Curved ceramic beading Curved ceramic beading r=55, half length r=30, half length PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 PN00 Price group E26 PN00 Price group E14 PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E28 PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E16

8 1 97 1 97 5 3 8 4 10 5 19 Art. 3160 Art. 3120 Cove base ceramic beading, r=45 Cove base ceramic beading, r=20 PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E34 PN00 Price group E16 PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E18

9 97 7

47 47 5

5 53

Art. 3165 Art. 3125 Curved ceramic beading Curved ceramic beading

Swimming pool construction Inside corner Inside corner PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 PN00 Price group E76 PN00 Price group E67 PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E81 PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E71 5 43

9 5

1 53

8 10

9 7 97 47 7 4 535 Art. 3163 Art. 3123 Art. 3164 Cove base ceramic beading Outside Cove base ceramic beading Outside Curved ceramic beading corner corner Outside corner PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 PN00 Price group E69 PN00 Price group E51 PN00 Price group E59 PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E71 PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E54 PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E71

5 3 43 5 5

7 5 4 5 1 5 2

5 43 19 9

8 10 27 5 Art. 3166 Art. 3126 Art. 3124 Cove base ceramic beading Inside Cove base ceramic beading Inside Curved ceramic beading corner corner Outside corner PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 PN00, PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E34 PN00 Price group E28 PN00 Price group E34 PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E34 PN04, PN12, PN13 Price group E41

30 Pool edge systems in detail - Fixtures

Curved and cove base ceramic beading

5 5 20 535 48 300 210

155

Art. 3161 Capillary breaking Water level ±0.00 Art. 3709 joint filler Art. 2641 "B" Art. 2641 "B" -0.035 Inclination 5 53

5 10 Bonded waterproofing 44

23,8 l/m

Art. 3690

25 Art. 3709 25 110

104 25

5 82 25 300

Art. 3121 Art. 3709 Art. 3160 Reaction resin filler -0.51 25 Watertight concrete

412 64 82 30

Top concrete layer Swimming pool construction

31 Functional trims for pool surrounding

Ceramic channel in the pool rim 23 Colours

7 vilbostone porcelain 19 Material 97 stoneware EN 14411-BIa Applications Pool rim - indoors / outdoors Art. 3620 Actual size see diagrams Channel piece PN00, PN09, PN12, PN31 Joints approx 3 mm Price group E37 Finish uni S R10 f B Surface | Glaze formed | matt Calculation unit | Packing Piece | loose in box

23 CROSSOVER, MY EARTH, Recommended floor tile PRO ARCHITECTURA, X-PLANE

97 97

Art. 3622 Channel piece, half length PN00, PN09, PN12, PN31 3 3 3 3 3 3 Price group E29 97 97 97 97 97 S R10 f B Art. 2200 "B" Art. 3620 "B" Inclination Inclination

48 5

23 Bonded waterproofing

7 19 97

Art. 3621 Pool surrounding Channel piece with outlet concrete construction PN00, PN09, PN12, PN31 Price group E94 S R10 f B 23

Drainage channel in the pool surrounding

97 97

Art. 3624 Inside corner/Outside corner PN00, PN09, PN12, PN31 Price group E100 Swimming pool construction S R10 f B 23

7 19 97

Art. 3626 End piece PN00, PN09, PN12, PN31 Price group E81 S R10 f B

32 Swimming pool renovation

3 3 3 20 3 3 3 Thanks to its decades of experience, 225 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 Villeroy & Boch Tiles is the competent 125 Capillary breaking partner for the construction of new Water level ±0.00 joint filler Art. 2706 "B" -0.02 Inclination and restoration of existing swimming 30 pools. Our company offers you a Bonded waterproofing

150 11,7 l/m Art. 3670 consultation and planning service that 100 25

will assist you in all stages of project 5 implementation. Please talk to the 25 97 Villeroy & Boch tiles sales representa- 25 225 172 tives or to the relevant department 3

directly. 97 Art. 3201 3 97 Bonded waterproofing 3 97 3 97 3 97 3

When renovating swimming baths, it 97 is often necessary to install a com- 3 25 300 posite seal directly under the tile covering. When renovation swimming pools, it often may be necessary to install a composite seal directly under the tile covering.

3 3 20

97 236 175 Swimming pool construction Art. 3017 Art. 3010 "C" Art. 2612 "B" Art. 2612 "B" Water level ±0.00 Inclination 18 25 8 15 4 Bonded waterproofing

Art. 3171 or 3 Art. 3215 Capillary breaking joint filler 135 34 l/m

197 30 4 Art. 3215 Art. 3600 65 3 20

90 102 20

197 25 127 192 170

3 Watertight conrete 197

25 300 3

33 Swimming pool construction

Static systems, movement joints

The pool must be structurally independent of the remain- The following static systems can be used to effect the ing structure. The structural engineer is responsible for structural separation of the pool from the remaining selecting the static system. Hisdecision dictates the structure. arrangement of movement joints around and, where necessary, within the pool.

Surround formed as single span slab Surround formed as cantilever slab on the Surround formed as cantilever slab on the pool structure

Waterproofing of movement joints for overflow systems

The movement joint is situated in an area which is Nowadays, pool surrounds are usually waterproofed exposed to high strain through water. The type of water- with brushable coatings, so-called alternative waterproofing to be used for the joint depends on the waterproofing, in accordance with ZDB leaflet. proofing of the pool surround.

Capillary breaking joint filler Tiles Thin-bed mortar Bonded waterproofing Elastic joint sealant with closed cell rope Sealing tape Water level ±0.00 > 150 Sloping screed covered with thermal insulation, Inclination protective sheet and reinforced screed Swimming pool construction

Reaction resin filler

Watertight concrete

34 Swimming pool construction

Pool construction

Pools to be clad with tiles are generally made of reinforced After completing the reinforced concrete body of the pool, concrete as per DIN 1045 / EN 206. in order to verify watertightness, the customer is to fill the pool with chlorinated water for test purposes to the level In some cases, pools made of stainless steel, e.g. on pleas- of the rim around the pool (exposed concrete). The out- ure cruisers, or plastic can also be lined with vitreous tiles. side of freestanding pools should also not be waterproofed until after the leak test. The following considerations apply exclusively to reinforced waterlight concrete pools. Marking the water level during the leak test provides an excellently accurate line of reference for positioning the This can be achieved by: ceramic accessories for the overflow without the need for • using impermeable concrete or carrying out special additional measurements. • waterproofing.

Pools made of watertight concrete

The pool is constructed using watertight concrete least 15 cm thick, in the absence of any additional (concrete with a high level of resistance to water sealing. penetration) in accordance with DIN 1045 / EN 206 • Optimal compaction of freshly poured concrete by and based on static calculations. The structure must means of an immersion vibrator. be kept free of cracks. Instructions for constructing • Appropriate aftertreatment of concrete pools of watertight concrete are addressed in the (by keeping it moist) information leaflet entitled “Swimming and bathing • Minimum strength category of concrete: C25/30. pools made of reinforced concrete” [“Schwimm- und • Minimum overlap of reinforcing rods: 50 mm, in Badebecken aus Stahlbeton”] published by the special cases, for example such as salt or mineral German Association for the Recreational and water up to max. 55 mm. Medicinal Bath Industry [DGfdB]. • For pools intended to be filled with water that is particularly aggressive to concrete, e.g. salt The following points should be heeded when water, the bonding agents used should be select-

building the pool: ed on the basis of a water analysis. Swimming pool construction • Proper composition of aggregates and accordingly • It is desirable to pour the floor and walls in a single a low water/cement ratio. operation. Should a construction joint between the • For practical reasons, pool floors and walls should floor and the walls be necessary, a stop-end joint be at least 25 cm thick and the upturn behind and/ tape must be inserted. or in front of the drainage channel should be at

Tiles Elastic joint sealant Stop end joint tape Reinforcement

35 Swimming pool construction

Pools with composite seal (CS) with ceramic covering

As a technical rule for this type of waterproofing see • Levelling screed as bonded levelling screed in accord- theleaflet from the ZDB “Ceramic tiles in swimming pool ance with DIN 18560, quality class CT C25 F4 construction - Advice on planning and implementation.” and DIN 18195-7. This standard is to be replaced by DIN The dimensional accuracy of the backing should corre- 18535 “Waterproofing of tanks and pools”, which is cur- spond with the finished cladding. Considerable uneven- rently in draft form. ness should be compensated for beforehand with underlay waterproof plaster or levelling screed. Materials used: • Synthetic mortar mixtures – dry layer thickness The base material must be free of abherents, debris, min. 2.0 mm dust, binding agents, efflorescence or other contami- • Reactive resins – dry layer thickness min. 1.0 mm nants that could impair adhesion.

or the minimum layer thicknesses as specified in the Concrete surfaces on the pool walls should be sand- general building inspectorate test certificates of the blasted. respective manufacturer must be observed. Resulting cracks or the movement of existing cracks Suitable bases should not exceed 0.2 mm unless there is proof that the • Concrete in accordance with DIN 1405 / EN 206 and relevant sealant is able to bridge larger cracks. DIN 4227 • Levelling plaster in accordance with DIN 18550, mortar group PIII

Waterproofing

Is to be carried out according to the general building At structure joints and corners wherever movements are inspectorate test certificates of the respective manufac- to be expected, the waterproofing should be reinforced turer. The thickness of the waterproofing depends on the with bonded fabric or sealing collars. Material used and on the manufacturers‘ specifications. Pipes are incorporated in the surface waterproofing by The waterproofing is applied by filling, smoothing, rolling means of a gasket or flange. or spraying onto the cleaned substrate. As a rule, the Floor drains need a wide flange to take the waterproofing. Swimming pool construction waterproofing has to be applied in at least two work processes in accordance with the manufacturer‘s instructions.

Levelling coat Tiles Tiles Thin-bed mortar Thin-bed mortar Bonded waterproofing Bonded waterproofing Sealing tape in corner Sealing tape Elastic joint sealant Closed cell rope Closed cell rope Elastic joint sealant Insulation strip

Screed Screed

Watertight concrete Watertight concrete

Waterproofing on structure joint Waterproofing at wall/floor joint 36 Swimming pool construction

Pool claddings

In the case of a swimming pool made of impermeable Most serious damage resulting from the failure of the concrete the tiles are attached by means of the bonded bond between the tiles and the backing is caused by shear cladding principle. stresses building up in the interface. Shear stress occurs most often when the “young” concrete is tiled before it VOB-DIN 18352 “Working with tiles and slabs” applies for has finished shrinking. bonded cladding in mortar (so-called conventional or thick bed tiling) Minimum age of the concrete in accordance with DIN 1045 In this connection, see: Leaflet 25.01 of the German DIN 18157 “Tiling ceramic coverings using the thin bed Association for the Recreational and Medicinal Bath method” applies for thin bed tiling. Industry [DGfdB] entitled “Shrinkage and swelling of reinforced concrete ceilings, influence on the bonding behav- DIN 18550 “Plaster” applies for screeds, DIN 18560 – Part iour of ceramic coverings” [“Schwinden und Quellen von 3 “The use of screeds – bonded screeds”. Stahlbetondecken, Einfluss auf das Verbundverhalten keramischer Bekleidungen”] and Leaflet 25.04, “Swimming If the backing is as level as the finished cladding is expect- and bathing pools made of reinforced concrete” ed to be, the tiles can be fixed directly to the concrete by [“Schwimm- und Badebecken aus Stahlbeton”] the thin bed method.

In general, however, it is necessary to compensate for a certain amount of unevenness. This is done by applying an underlay of levelling plaster of mortar group III, prefer- ably pure cement plaster. The limits on flatness deviation pursuant to Table 3, lines 3 and 6 and, where appropriate, line 7, of DIN 18202, ‘Tolerances in building construction’, must be observed. The tiles are laid mainly across the entire surface of the duly prepared substrate using a suitable C2 thin-bed mortar in accordance with DIN-EN 12004. Swimming pool construction

37 Technical aspects of application

Ceramic claddings

In principle all types of tiling belong to one of the Differentiation is necessary with deference to: following groups: • The properties of the finished cladding • Bonded claddings • The anticipated stress levels in the cladding • Floating claddings construction • The size of sections and the location and execution of expansion/structural joints.

Bonded claddings

Bonded claddings are based on the principle of frictional following: connection, i.e. no movement is possible between the • residue and debris such as wood, metal, formwork lube ceramic tiles and the solid base, much like in a reinforced or other contaminating layers that could impair adhe- concrete component. sion • cracks or efflorescence The conventional setting method involves the use of bed- • considerable unevenness ding mortar, while the thin bed method in accordance with • too smooth a surface. DIN 18157 relies on an adhesive to effect the bond. To Movement joints should be positioned at the edges and at achieve a good bond, the base Material must be free of the existing structural joints.

Concrete Bonding course Concrete Bonded screed (Levelling course) Concrete Bonding course Thin-bed mortar Thin-bed mortar Thick-bed mortar (acc. DIN 18157) (acc. DIN 18157) (Levelling course) Tiles Tiles Tiles

Bonded claddings Swimming pool construction Floating claddings

A floating cladding is when the cladding is separated Unlike bonded claddings, floating claddings should be from the backing by insulation, foils, oil-impregnated subdivided by movement joints around the borders of paper or the like in accordance with DIN and/or the ZDB and between individual sections. leaflet “Composite seals”.

Concrete Concrete Concrete Separation layer Bonded waterproofing Thermal insulation (double layer) (acc.w. DIN 18195) Separation layer Reinforced screed Separation layer (double layer) (local distribut. course) (single layer) Reinforced screed Thin-bed mortar Reinforced screed (local distribut. course) (acc. DIN 18157) (burden-sharing course) Tiles Thin-bed mortar Thin-bed mortar (acc. DIN 18157) (acc. DIN 18157) Tiles Tiles

Floating claddings

38 Technical aspects of application

Ceramic claddings

Floor and wall claddings in wet rooms

Floor claddings which are classified as having a high exposure Pipes and tap fittings that penetrate wall claddings are inte- to moisture require waterproofing and that the floors slope grated into the surface waterproofing by means of sealing towards the drains. The slope of the waterproofing layer cor- gaskets. responds to that of the finished tiling. For ceramic tiles a slope of 1,5 % is usually sufficient. In showering rooms the floor in See also: ZDB leaflets “Composite seals” and “Swimming the vicinity of the showers should slope at a 3 % gradient. pool construction”, as well as DIN 18534 “Waterproofing for indoor applications”, which is currently in draft form. In this connection, see: German Association for the Recreational and Medicinal Bath Industry [DGfdB] entitled “Gradients in floor coverings of swimming pools” [“Gefälleausbildung in Bodenbelägen von Schwimmbädern”]. Tiles Thin-bed mortar The waterproofing must extend over movement joints. Bonded waterproofing Sealing tape Permalastic sealing strips should be used in a loop shape for Edge protection bead this purpose. (Figure 1) Closed cell rope Elastic joint sealer

Drains must be fitted e.g. with at least a 30 mm wide flange and installed with at least 50 mm of overlap by the gasket Screed Bonded waterproofing over the grouting materials and screed in order to integrate these into the surface waterproofing.

For more structural comments on drains and channels, see Watertight concrete the ZDB guideline “Instructions on producing drains with composite seals”. Figure 1: Waterproofing on screed joint

Tiling on cement floors – heated and unheated

In principle, reinforcement of screeds on an insulating layer Structural joints should be taken on in the same width and is not necessary. Reinforcement is advisable in the case of in the same location. heated screeds. These screeds are to be divided into sec- The screed sections should also be subdivided at doorways Swimming pool construction tions by section boundary joints: in unheated screeds maxi- and wall projections. The heating pipes should not cross the mum 60 m2 in size with a maximum edge length of 8 m. In section joints in heated screeds where possible. If this heated screeds maximum 40 m2 in size with a maximum should prove necessary, 300 mm long pipe sleeves should edge length of 6.5 m. (Figure 2) be used. (Figure 3) Compact sections should be created wherever possible, For more information, please refer to the ZDB leaflet “Tiling with aspect ratios not exceeding a maximum of 1:2. on cement floors”.

Heating conductor Pipe sleeve Bonded waterproofing Sealing tape Closed cell rope Elastic joint sealant

Figure 2: Movement in heated and unheated floating coverings Figure 3: Movement joint in heated claddings.