J. Jpn. Bot. 90: 92–97 (2015)

Systematic Studies of Parasenecio (-) I. Parasenecio katoanus, a New Species from Yamagata Prefecture, Northern Honshu, Japan

Yuichi Kadota

Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4–1–1, Amakubo, Tsukuba, 305-0005 JAPAN E-mail: [email protected]

(Accepted on November 1, 2014)

A new species of Parasenecio (Asteraceae-Senecioneae), P. katoanus Kadota, is described from the Shônai region, Yamagata Pref., northern Honshu, Japan. Parasenecio katoanus is distinguished from P. nikomontanus (Matsum.) H. Koyama by having 1) triangular-pentagonal, somewhat fleshy, dimly lustrous, usually glabrous leaf blades, 2) longer involucres with acute involucral phyllaries, 3) longer achenes, and 4) ascending peduncles at an acute angle. It was found that the flowers were fragrant in the midst of flowering time. Parasenecio katoanus is hitherto known only from the Shônai area of Yamagata Pref.

Key words: Asteraceae, Japan, new species, Parasenecio katoanus, the Shônai region, Yamagata Prefecture.

This is the first part of a series of systematic blades and is commonly distributed on the studies of the genus Parasenecio (Asteraceae- Japan Sea side of Honshu Island ranging from Senecioneae). The genus consists of more Akita Pref. to Shimane Pref. (Koyama 1995, than 60 species (Chen 1999). It shows an East Kadota unpubl.). The Japanese vernacular name Asian and Eastern North American disjunct ‘Ô-kani-kômori’ is derived from the shape of distribution pattern and its considerable number leaf blades, of which ‘Kani’ means the shape of of species are recognized in the Sino-Japanese crab carapace. floristic region (Koyama 1983, Chen 1999, Parasenecio nikomontanus also occurs Kadota 2009). In Japan the genus extends widely fairly commonly throughout Yamagata throughout the Islands from Hokkaido to Kyushu Prefecture, northern Japan. However, Mr. Shin- (except for the Ryukyus) and several species of ei Kato, Tsuruoka, Yamagata Prefecture, found the genus are geographically differentiated into some populations of peculiar Parasenecio many local taxa (Kadota 2009). at Soegawa in the suburb of Tsuruoka Parasenecio nikomontanus (Matsum.) H. City in September 2009. The plants are akin Koyama [= Cacalia nikomontana Matsum.] to P. nikomontanus in having corymbose described from the Nikko Mountains, central inflorescences, however, the leaf blades of the Japan is characterized by having corymbose plants in question are triangular-pentagonal and inflorescences and pentagonal-reniform leaf not reniform (Fig. 1). Additionally there are

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Fig. 1. Parasenecio katoanus Kadota. Achene, leaf blade, upper part of and part of inflorescence (from left to right). Illustration by Ms. Shizuko Takahashi in 2014, based on material from Soegawa, Tsuruoka, Yamagata Pref., northen Honshu, Japan, the type locality. 94 植物研究雑誌 第 90 巻 第 2 号 2015 年 4 月 significant differences in the size of involucres blades triangular-pentagonal, 15–25 cm long, and achenes, the shape of involucral phyllaries 18–26 cm wide, slightly longer than wide, and the pubescence of leaves. Consequently field 5-clefted with acute terminal lobes and with works were done to understand the inter- and acute lateral lobes, palmately veined, coarsely intra-populational variations of morphological dentate, deeply to shallowly cordate at base, traits in Yamagata Prefecture during 2013–2014. glabrous or rarely sparingly pubescent with As a result it is clarified that the Soegawa Plants brownish multicellular hairs at the basal part represent an undescribed species. The aim of of the blades on both sides; petioles 5.5–13 cm this paper is to describe this a new species, long, purplish, almost glabrous but sparingly Parasenecio katoanus. pubescent with brownish multicellular hairs at the proximal part of the petioles, not winged, nor Taxonomic treatment auriculate at base. Upper cauline leaves abruptly Parasenecio W. W. Sm. & J. Small in Trans. diminishing in size, nearly triangular in outline. & Proc. Bot. Soc. Edinb. 28: 93 (1922). Type: Flowers in September. Inflorescences compound Parasenecio forrestii W. W. Sm. & J. Small. corymbose, capitula 3–5 per corymb, erect to Sect. Koyamacalia (H. Rob. & Brettel) Y. L. oblique; florets 5–6 per capitulum; subtending Chen, Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 77(1): 28 (1999). leaves 2–3, linear, 2–3 mm long; peduncles 4–5 Type: Parasenecio hastatus (L.) H. Koyama. mm long, sparingly pubescent with brownish Ser. Candidae (Kitam.) Y. L. Chen in Y. L. multicellular hairs, bracteate with linear bracts Chen, Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 77(1): 30 (1999). 1-2 mm long. Involucres narrowly campanulate, Type: Parasenecio hastatus (L.) H. Koyama. white, 11–13 mm long, 2–3 mm in diameter, almost glabrous; phyllaries 5, herbaceous, 9–10 Parasenecio katoanus Kadota, sp. nov. mm long, ca. 2 mm wide, narrowly ovato- [Figs. 1–2, 3A] lanceolate, acute and tinged purple at apex. Parasenecio katoanus is different from P. Collorae white, 7–9 mm long; lobes 1 mm long; nikomontanus (Matsum.) H. Koyama by having throats 3 mm long; tubes 4 mm long, longer than 1) triangular-pentagonal, somewhat fleshy, dimly the throats. Achenes cylindrical, 6 mm long, ca. lustrous, usually glabrous leaf blades, 2) longer 0.5 mm in diameter, ridged; pappi white, 8–9 involucres with acute involucral phyllaries, 3) mm long. longer achenes, and 4) peduncles ascending at Japanese name: Shônai-ô-kani-kômori (nov.). an acute angle. 新和名：ショウナイオオカニコウモリ． Type: JAPAN. Honshu. Yamagata Pref., Distribution: the Shônai area, Yamagata Tsuruoka-shi, Soegawa, Yoneyama, 38°44ʹ33ʺN Pref., Honshu, Japan. Endemic to Japan. 139°58ʹ39ʺE, alt. 553 m, 10 September 2013, Y. Additional specimens examined: JAPAN. Honshu. Kadota 1324003 (TNS01188072–holotype; Fig. Yamagata Pref., Tsuruoka-shi, Soegawa, Yoneyama, 22 Sept. 2014, Y. Kadota (TNS); Ôhiro, Ôtani, Mt. Kumano- 2). Nagamine, Yakushi-jinja shrine, 38°41ʹ32ʺN 139°43ʹ38ʺE, A medium-sized, subscapose perennial, 50– alt. 135 m, 3 Sept. 2014, S. Kato s.n. (TNS); Yakushi-jinja 120 cm tall. Rootstock rather slender, oblique, shrine, 22 Sept. 2014, Y. Kadota (TNS). 3–7 mm in diameter, with fibrous roots. Stem Etymology: The specific epithet is dedicated suberect, purplish, zigzag in the upper parts, 1–2 to Mr. Shin-ei Kato, who is the discoverer of this times branched in the upper part, faintly striate, new species. glabrous, 3–5 mm in diameter at base. Basal Note: Parasenecio katoanus is distinguished leaves withering at anthesis. Lower cauline from P. nikomontanus by having longer leaves 2–3, deep green and dimly lustrous on involucres with phyllaries acute at apex and the adaxial side, herbaceous and slightly fleshy; longer and thinner pedicels (Fig. 3). April 2015 The Journal of Japanese Botany Vol. 90 No. 2 95

Fig. 2. Type of Parasenecio katoanus Kadota (JAPAN. Honshu. Yamagata Pref., Tsuruoka-shi, Soegawa, Yoneyama, 10 Sept. 2013, Y. Kadota 1324003, TNS01188072, holotype). 96 植物研究雑誌 第 90 巻 第 2 号 2015 年 4 月

Fig. 3. Comparison in involucres between Parasenecio katoanus Kadota (A) and P. nikomontanus (Matsum.) H. Koyama (B). Both A and B were taken at Soegawa, Tsuruoka, Yamagata Pref., northern Honshu, Japan, on 22 Sept. 2014.

A field examination was executed at the Tsuruoka, Yamagata Prefecture, for his giving grounds of Yakushi-jinja shrine, Ôhiro, Ôtani, information and herbarium specimens of Tsuruoka, Yamagata Prefecture in the evening Parasenecio katoanus to the Herbarium TNS. on 22nd September 2014. At that time some Thanks go to Ms. Shizuko Takahashi, Higashine, plants were in full bloom and the flowers were Yamagata Prefecture, for her beatiful painting fragrant. Flowers of the other species in the of the new species. I should also thank the genus Parasenecio usually smell only faintly Curators of the Herbaria KYO, LE, TI and TNS. (Kadota pers. obs.). There is a possibility that the This study is partly supported by the Program fragrance in P. katoanus has a relationship with entitled “Integrated Research on Biodiversity of the preference of pollinators (a kind of moths; Interspecies Relationships” (representative: Dr. Kadota pers. obs.). Tsuyoshi Hosoya) organized by the National Parasenecio plants from the southern part Museum of Nature and Science, Japan. of Akita Prefecture (Yurihonjô and Nikaho, on the Japan Sea side) are similar to P. katoanus in References having robust habit and triangular-pentagonal Chen Y. L. 1999. Parasenecio W. W. Smith & J. Small. leaf blades. But the plants should be identified Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae 77(1): 19–87. Science Press, Beijing (in Chinese). as P. nikomontanus because they have shorter Kadota Y. 2005. A new species of Parasenecio involucres (less than 10 mm long), also shorter (Asteraceae), P. ogamontanus, from Akita Prefecture, achenes (less than 4 mm long) and leaf blades northern Japan. J. Jpn. Bot. 80(3): 214–220. pubescent with brownish multicellular hairs at Kadota Y. 2009. A new species of Parasenecio (Asteraceae), P. hosoianus, from Aomori Prefecture, base. northern Japan. J. Jpn. Bot. 84(1): 1–7. Koyama H. 1966. Cytotaxonomic studies of Compositae. I am deeply indebted to Mr. Shin-ei Kato, 2. On Cacalia auriculata var. kamtschatica. Acta April 2015 The Journal of Japanese Botany Vol. 90 No. 2 97

Phytotax. Geobot. 22: 11–14. Koyama H. 1995. Parasenecio W. W. Sm. & J. Small. In: Koyama H. 1983. Phytogeography of some genera of the Iwatsuki K., Yamazaki T., Boufford D. E. and Ohba Compositae confined to Japan and eastern United H. (eds.), Flora of Japan IIIb: 47–53. Kodansha Ltd., States. Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 34: 178–191. Tokyo.

門田裕一：山形県産コウモリソウ属（キク科）の 1 新種， ショウナイオオカニコウモリ キク科コウモリソウ属のうち，オオカニコウモリ ショウナイオオカニコウモリは高さ 1 m を超えるも Parasenecio nikomontanus (Matsum.) H. Koyama は葉 のが多く，全体的にオオカニコウモリよりも大型であ が掌状に分裂せず，花序が複散房状になることで特徴付 る．また，コウモリソウ属の花は普通黄色味を帯びた白 けられる．ところが，山形県鶴岡市において，この種に 色の地味なものが多いが，ショウナイオオカニコウモリ 似ていながら以下のような点で異なるものが見出され では花の最盛期で純白となり，かなり美しい．また，鶴 た．この植物を詳しく比較検討したところ，未記載種で 岡市大広，大谷の薬師神社境内で 2014 年 9 月 22 日の あることが分かった．学名は発見者の加藤信英氏，和名 午後に観察したところ，この植物は芳香を放つことが明 は分布域から，本種をショウナイオオカニコウモリ P. らかになった．この属の花には独特の，どちらかという katoanus Kadota と呼ぶことにしたい． と悪臭があるのが普通である．コウモリソウ属で花に芳 ショウナイオオカニコウモリはオオカニコウモリと 香があることは初めての報告となる． 比較して，①葉の概形は（カニの甲羅状というよりは） ショウナイオオカニコウモリは今のところ山形県庄 三角形状の五角形となり，質はわずかに肉質で，表面に 内地方以外では知られていない．秋田県南部の日本海側 鈍い光沢があり，普通無毛で，②総苞は長さ 11–13 mm （由利本荘市及びにかほ市）にはこれによく似た植物が とより長く，総苞片の先端は鋭尖形となり，③痩果が長 得られているが，頭花や痩果がより小型で，葉身の基部 さ約 6 mm と大きく，④複花序の枝は鋭角的に伸長す が有毛であるため，オオカニコウモリに当たると考えら る点などで異なる． れる． （国立科学博物館植物研究部）