DOCSLIB.ORG

ARABLE PLANT CRIB Mints, Dead-Nettles, Hemp-Nettles and Woundworts

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
ARABLE PLANT CRIB Mints, Dead-Nettles, Hemp-Nettles and Woundworts ARABLE PLANT CRIB Mints, dead-nettles, hemp-nettles and woundworts Flow chart to help identify different members of the plant family (adapted from The Wild Flower Key by F. Rose) Corolla-lobes 4, ± equal – Corolla with well-developed Corolla with 2 unequal lobes, corolla 5 mm wide or less OR lower lip, upper lip absent or OR lobed or toothed lips composed of 2 tiny teeth Stamens 4 – leaves shallowly toothed, strongly mint-scented Corolla with a single Corolla with 3-lobed Calyx 2-lipped Calyx ± equally 5-lobed lower lip – lower lip – corolla with lips toothed 5-toothed, not Mints corolla tube hairless tube with ring of hairs clearly 2-lipped (Mentha) inside, with no teeth inside and 2 small at top teeth at top Calamint (Calamintha) Germanders Ground-pine (Teucrium) (Ajuga) Upper corolla-lip Upper corolla-lip flat – 2 arched or hooded – outer stamens shorter two outer stamens than inner 2 – leaves longer than inner white woolly below, two stamens green and downy above – flowers white with purple spots Cat-mint Lower corolla-lip Lower corolla-lip (Nepeta) at most notched forked at tip - side at tip – side lobes lobes tiny, ± reduced well developed, to teeth or flaps spreading Dead-nettles (Lamium) Calyx teeth forming Calyx teeth long long spines (5-7 mm) pointed (3-4 mm), – corolla with conical but not spine-like – bosses (projections) at corolla without bosses/ base of lower lip projections Names of identifing features Upper Hemp-nettles Woundworts corolla-lip / lobe (Galeopsis) (Stachys) Corolla Stamen Tooth Side lobes Calyx Lower corolla lip / lobe Illustrations by evansgraphic.co.uk ©Plantlife ARABLE PLANT CRIB / Mints, dead-nettles, hemp-nettles and woundworts Plant Corn mint Cat-mint Common Calamint Species Mentha arvensis Nepeta cataria Calamintha ascendens Size 10-30 cm Up to 20 cm 30-60 cm Stem Downy Grey-downy stems Tufted and hairy Smell Peppery-mint Minty Mint-scented Leaves The leaves have stalks (petioles) Oval-cordate leaves with coarse- Leaves are 2-4 cm long with 1 cm and are rounded-elliptical teeth. The leaves are stalked stalks. They are oval in outline with blunt ends. and coloured, grey woolly with a blunt end and truncate 2-6 cm long x 1-2 cm wide underneath and downy green bases. There are adpressed above. 3-7 cm in length hairs. The edge of the leaves have teeth Flowers Dense whorls in leaf axils. Oblong head of dense whorls Loose whorls in leaf axils forming a long spike Small – approx. 7 mm in length Small – approx 12 mm in length Medium – approx 15 mm in length Calyx Bell-shaped, very hairy, short Downy, tubular, 5 straight teeth 6-8 mm long, straight, 5-toothed, and blunt triangular teeth teeth with long hairs Petals Mauve with projecting stamens Corolla 12 mm, two-lipped, tube Corolla 10-15 mm long, pinkish curved, white with purple spots white with small purple dots on lower lip Flowering May-Oct July-Sept July-Sept period 15mm 12mm 7mm Illustrations by evansgraphic.co.uk ©Plantlife ARABLE PLANT CRIB / Mints, dead-nettles, hemp-nettles and woundworts Plant Common hemp-nettle Bifid hemp-nettle Red hemp-nettle Species Galeopsis tetrahit Galeopsis bifida Galeopsis angustifolia Size 10-80 cm 10-80 cm 10-60 cm Stem Joints swollen, stem branched Joints swollen, stem branched Joints not swollen , stems downy and bristly with sticky hairs and bristly with sticky hairs Leaves Oval in shape narrowing to the Oval in shape narrowing to the Narrow-lanceolate (spear- stalk and coarse-toothed. stalk and coarse-toothed. shaped) green leaves that are 2.5-10 cm in length 2.5-10 cm in length downy with a few small teeth. 1.5-8 cm in length Flowers Relatively loose whorls Relatively loose whorls Relatively loose whorls Medium – 10-20 mm in length Medium – 10-20 mm in length Large – 8-13 mm in length Calyx Bristly with long teeth, Bristly with long teeth, Hairy and tubular. sepals 12-14 mm sepals 12-14 mm Sepals 14-25 mm Medium – 13-20 mm in length Relatively loose whorls 6-8 mm long, straight, 5-toothed, teeth with long hairs Petals 13-20 mm long, pink or white 13-16 mm long, pink or white 1.5-2.5 cm long, rosy purple with purple markings on lower with darker markings on lower with usually 4 white spots on lip reaching half way to lip edge. lip reaching close to lip edge. bottom lip tube on projections The flower tube is as long as the The flower tube is as long as the (bumps). The flower tube is much calyx teeth. The lower petal lobe calyx teeth. The lower petal end longer than the calyx giving is not notched lobe is curved making it appear the appearance of the flower to be notched projecting Flowering July-Sept July-Aug June-Oct period 12mm 12mm 20mm Illustrations by evansgraphic.co.uk ©Plantlife ARABLE PLANT CRIB / Mints, dead-nettles, hemp-nettles and woundworts Plant Large-flowered hemp-nettle Downy hemp-nettle Species Galeopsis speciosa Galeopsis segetum Size 10-80 cm 10-50 cm Stem Stout and bristly Joints not swollen. The stem is hairy and the hairs point backwards, towards the ground Leaves Oval leaves that are pointed. Lanceolate to ovate, hairs 2.5-10 cm in length adpressed on top surface giving the leaves a velvety texture. 1.5-8 cm in length Flowers Relatively loose whorls Relatively loose whorls Very large – approx. Large – approx. 25 mm in length 30 mm in length Calyx Bristly with long teeth. Bristly, sepals 7-10 mm Sepals 12-17 mm Petals Corollas 30 mm long, pale yellow Corolla 25-30 mm, sulphur- with large violet blotches on yellow with a brighter yellow lower lip. The flower tube is tongue. The flower tube is four twice the length of calyx giving times as long as the calyx giving the appearance of the flower the appearance of the flower projecting projecting Flowering June-Aug July-Sept period 25 mm 30 mm Illustrations by evansgraphic.co.uk ©Plantlife ARABLE PLANT CRIB / Mints, dead-nettles, hemp-nettles and woundworts Plant Hedge woundwort Field woundwort Species Stachys sylvatica Stachys arvensis Size 30-80 cm Up to 20 cm Stem Patch-forming growth, harshly No glandular hairs hairy (pubescent). Glandular hairs present at top of plant Smell Unpleasantly pungent Unpleasantly pungent Leaves Oval-cordate leaves 4-9 cm in Oval and blunt-ended leaves length. The leaf stalks (petioles) with teeth around the edge. are 1.5-7 cm long 1.5-3 cm in length Flowers Inflorescence is a loose spike at Few-flowered whorls the tip of the plant Small – approx. 7 mm in length Medium – 12-15+ mm in length Calyx Rigid triangular teeth Sepal teeth long Petals Beetroot red with white pattern 6-7 mm long corollas, pale pink on lip. Corollas 13-18 mm Flowering July-Sept Apr-Nov period 15 mm 7 mm Illustrations by evansgraphic.co.uk ©Plantlife ARABLE PLANT CRIB / Mints, dead-nettles, hemp-nettles and woundworts Plant Cut-leaved germander Groundpine Species Teucrium botrys Ajuga chamaepitys Size 10-30 cm 5-20 cm Stem Erect, softly hairy Hairy and branched from base, erect to decumbent Smell Pineapple scented Pine resin Leaves Leaves triangular in outline Leaves divided into three and deeply divided (pinnate) narrow, linear blunt lobes into lobed blunt segments. They are 1-2.5 cm in length Flowers 2-6 flowered whorls up stem Two per whorl, shorter in leaf axils than leaves Medium – 15-20 mm Small – up to 10 mm Calyx Calyx tubular with 5 equal teeth Very short calyx with sharp teeth Petals Corolla is bright pink with a long Yellow corollas with a long lower lower lip 8+ mm long from the lip 7-15 mm that is red dotted. edge of the calyx to the tip of the Very short upper lip petal. Very short upper lip Flowering July-Sept May-Sept period 12 mm 10 mm Illustrations by evansgraphic.co.uk ©Plantlife ARABLE PLANT CRIB / Mints, dead-nettles, hemp-nettles and woundworts Plant Red dead-nettle Cut-leaved dead-nettle Northern dead-nettle Species Lamium purpurea Lamium hybridum Lamium confertum Size 10-30 cm 10-30 cm 5-25 cm Stem Branched at base Slender Downy, branched from base. Stouter than henbit dead-nettle Leaves Leaves and bracts 1-5 cm long. Bracts triangular-oval with Lower leaves are stalked. They are cordate-oval in outline truncate bases. Leaves are deeply Bracts are not clasping, with coarse-tooth. The teeth are toothed with many teeth greater Leaves are 1-4 cm in length less than 2 mm long than 2 mm long making the leaf look like it’s been cut Flowers Dense inflorescence Dense inflorescent Relatively loose whorls Small - 10-15 mm in length Small – 10-15 mm in length Medium – approx. 15 mm in length Calyx Downy with teeth the same Downy with teeth the same Adpressed hairs. Sepals are long length as the tube spreading in length as the tube spreading in and thin tapering to a point, fruit fruit 8-12 mm in length Petals Corolla 10-15 mm, pink-purple, Corolla 8-10mm, pink-purple, Corollas mostly 15 mm, pink- tube longer than calyx with ring few or no hairs inside purple of hairs inside Flowering Mar-Oct Mar-Oct May-Sept period 12 mm 12 mm 15 mm Illustrations by evansgraphic.co.uk ©Plantlife ARABLE PLANT CRIB / Mints, dead-nettles, hemp-nettles and woundworts Plant Henbit dead-nettle White dead-nettle Species Lamium amplexicaule Lamium album Size 5-25 cm 20-60 cm Stem Downy, branched from base Hairy Leaves Lower stalked leaves 1-2.5 cm, Stalked, pointed oval leaves rounded with blunt tips and with coarse teeth that are truncate bases.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • UNIVERSITY of READING Delivering Biodiversity and Pollination Services on Farmland
    UNIVERSITY OF READING Delivering biodiversity and pollination services on farmland: a comparison of three wildlife- friendly farming schemes Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Centre for Agri-Environmental Research School of Agriculture, Policy and Development Chloe J. Hardman June 2016 Declaration I confirm that this is my own work and the use of all material from other sources has been properly and fully acknowledged. Chloe Hardman i Abstract Gains in food production through agricultural intensification have come at an environmental cost, including reductions in habitat diversity, species diversity and some ecosystem services. Wildlife- friendly farming schemes aim to mitigate the negative impacts of agricultural intensification. In this study, we compared the effectiveness of three schemes using four matched triplets of farms in southern England. The schemes were: i) a baseline of Entry Level Stewardship (ELS: a flexible widespread government scheme, ii) organic agriculture and iii) Conservation Grade (CG: a prescriptive, non-organic, biodiversity-focused scheme). We examined how effective the schemes were in supporting habitat diversity, species diversity, floral resources, pollinators and pollination services. Farms in CG and organic schemes supported higher habitat diversity than farms only in ELS. Plant and butterfly species richness were significantly higher on organic farms and butterfly species richness was marginally higher on CG farms compared to farms in ELS. The species richness of plants, butterflies, solitary bees and birds in winter was significantly correlated with local habitat diversity. Organic farms supported more evenly distributed floral resources and higher nectar densities compared to farms in CG or ELS. Compared to maximum estimates of pollen demand from six bee species, only organic farms supplied sufficient pollen in late summer.
    [Show full text]
  • FLORA from FĂRĂGĂU AREA (MUREŞ COUNTY) AS POTENTIAL SOURCE of MEDICINAL PLANTS Silvia OROIAN1*, Mihaela SĂMĂRGHIŢAN2
    ISSN: 2601 – 6141, ISSN-L: 2601 – 6141 Acta Biologica Marisiensis 2018, 1(1): 60-70 ORIGINAL PAPER FLORA FROM FĂRĂGĂU AREA (MUREŞ COUNTY) AS POTENTIAL SOURCE OF MEDICINAL PLANTS Silvia OROIAN1*, Mihaela SĂMĂRGHIŢAN2 1Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tîrgu Mureş, Romania 2Mureş County Museum, Department of Natural Sciences, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania *Correspondence: Silvia OROIAN [email protected] Received: 2 July 2018; Accepted: 9 July 2018; Published: 15 July 2018 Abstract The aim of this study was to identify a potential source of medicinal plant from Transylvanian Plain. Also, the paper provides information about the hayfields floral richness, a great scientific value for Romania and Europe. The study of the flora was carried out in several stages: 2005-2008, 2013, 2017-2018. In the studied area, 397 taxa were identified, distributed in 82 families with therapeutic potential, represented by 164 medical taxa, 37 of them being in the European Pharmacopoeia 8.5. The study reveals that most plants contain: volatile oils (13.41%), tannins (12.19%), flavonoids (9.75%), mucilages (8.53%) etc. This plants can be used in the treatment of various human disorders: disorders of the digestive system, respiratory system, skin disorders, muscular and skeletal systems, genitourinary system, in gynaecological disorders, cardiovascular, and central nervous sistem disorders. In the study plants protected by law at European and national level were identified: Echium maculatum, Cephalaria radiata, Crambe tataria, Narcissus poeticus ssp. radiiflorus, Salvia nutans, Iris aphylla, Orchis morio, Orchis tridentata, Adonis vernalis, Dictamnus albus, Hammarbya paludosa etc. Keywords: Fărăgău, medicinal plants, human disease, Mureş County 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Nettles and the Romanian Traditions
    Nettle ( Urtica dioica ) – its role and its importance in the life of the Romanian people and in popular traditions A. Stroia, C.Cace, C.Costea, L. Libardea There isn’t a single person in Romania – from a small child to an 80 year old person, who, when asked: • „What is the nettle?”, or • „What is the nettle traditionally used for in Romania? Not to be able to offer a perfectly documented answer. But what would you say if the interlocutor you are asking these questions would answer: „When I hear the word nettle, it takes me back to my childhood, to the renowned “Nettle soup”, to the renowned “Mashed nettles”, “Nettles with garlic”, to the “pleasant, refined and special taste of the traditional Romanian dishes I have known as a child!” The nettle is a very well known plant in Romania, because it is used in the cuisine. For this reason, few think about its healing properties, to the fact that it can contribute to a better health. Its name in English, “nettle”, comes from the Dutch word “netel”, which means “needle”, due to the fact that upon touching, when the plant is young, it stings. In spite of this, nettles that are cooked or used as infusion no longer sting and have a pleasant taste. In Romania, as in the whole of Europe, North of Africa, Asia and North America, the nettle (Urtica dioica) is spread in uncultivated lands, in the plains, hillsides or mountains, on the edges of forests or roads, at the base of trees etc, being one of the many species of “spontaneous flora”.
    [Show full text]
  • State of New York City's Plants 2018
    STATE OF NEW YORK CITY’S PLANTS 2018 Daniel Atha & Brian Boom © 2018 The New York Botanical Garden All rights reserved ISBN 978-0-89327-955-4 Center for Conservation Strategy The New York Botanical Garden 2900 Southern Boulevard Bronx, NY 10458 All photos NYBG staff Citation: Atha, D. and B. Boom. 2018. State of New York City’s Plants 2018. Center for Conservation Strategy. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY. 132 pp. STATE OF NEW YORK CITY’S PLANTS 2018 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 6 INTRODUCTION 10 DOCUMENTING THE CITY’S PLANTS 10 The Flora of New York City 11 Rare Species 14 Focus on Specific Area 16 Botanical Spectacle: Summer Snow 18 CITIZEN SCIENCE 20 THREATS TO THE CITY’S PLANTS 24 NEW YORK STATE PROHIBITED AND REGULATED INVASIVE SPECIES FOUND IN NEW YORK CITY 26 LOOKING AHEAD 27 CONTRIBUTORS AND ACKNOWLEGMENTS 30 LITERATURE CITED 31 APPENDIX Checklist of the Spontaneous Vascular Plants of New York City 32 Ferns and Fern Allies 35 Gymnosperms 36 Nymphaeales and Magnoliids 37 Monocots 67 Dicots 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report, State of New York City’s Plants 2018, is the first rankings of rare, threatened, endangered, and extinct species of what is envisioned by the Center for Conservation Strategy known from New York City, and based on this compilation of The New York Botanical Garden as annual updates thirteen percent of the City’s flora is imperiled or extinct in New summarizing the status of the spontaneous plant species of the York City. five boroughs of New York City. This year’s report deals with the City’s vascular plants (ferns and fern allies, gymnosperms, We have begun the process of assessing conservation status and flowering plants), but in the future it is planned to phase in at the local level for all species.
    [Show full text]
  • Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park
    Humboldt State University Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University Botanical Studies Open Educational Resources and Data 9-17-2018 Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park James P. Smith Jr Humboldt State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Smith, James P. Jr, "Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park" (2018). Botanical Studies. 85. https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps/85 This Flora of Northwest California-Checklists of Local Sites is brought to you for free and open access by the Open Educational Resources and Data at Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Botanical Studies by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A CHECKLIST OF THE VASCULAR PLANTS OF THE REDWOOD NATIONAL & STATE PARKS James P. Smith, Jr. Professor Emeritus of Botany Department of Biological Sciences Humboldt State Univerity Arcata, California 14 September 2018 The Redwood National and State Parks are located in Del Norte and Humboldt counties in coastal northwestern California. The national park was F E R N S established in 1968. In 1994, a cooperative agreement with the California Department of Parks and Recreation added Del Norte Coast, Prairie Creek, Athyriaceae – Lady Fern Family and Jedediah Smith Redwoods state parks to form a single administrative Athyrium filix-femina var. cyclosporum • northwestern lady fern unit. Together they comprise about 133,000 acres (540 km2), including 37 miles of coast line. Almost half of the remaining old growth redwood forests Blechnaceae – Deer Fern Family are protected in these four parks.
    [Show full text]
  • (Lamiaceae and Verbenaceae) Using Two DNA Barcode Markers
    J Biosci (2020)45:96 Ó Indian Academy of Sciences DOI: 10.1007/s12038-020-00061-2 (0123456789().,-volV)(0123456789().,-volV) Re-evaluation of the phylogenetic relationships and species delimitation of two closely related families (Lamiaceae and Verbenaceae) using two DNA barcode markers 1 2 3 OOOYEBANJI *, E C CHUKWUMA ,KABOLARINWA , 4 5 6 OIADEJOBI ,SBADEYEMI and A O AYOOLA 1Department of Botany, University of Lagos, Akoka, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria 2Forest Herbarium Ibadan (FHI), Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, Ibadan, Nigeria 3Department of Education Science (Biology Unit), Distance Learning Institute, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria 4Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria 5Ethnobotany Unit, Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria 6Department of Ecotourism and Wildlife Management, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria *Corresponding author (Email, [email protected]) MS received 21 September 2019; accepted 27 May 2020 The families Lamiaceae and Verbenaceae comprise several closely related species that possess high mor- phological synapomorphic traits. Hence, there is a tendency of species misidentification using only the mor- phological characters. Herein, we evaluated the discriminatory power of the universal DNA barcodes (matK and rbcL) for 53 species spanning the two families. Using these markers, we inferred phylogenetic relation- ships and conducted species delimitation analysis using four delimitation methods: Automated Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD), TaxonDNA, Bayesian Poisson Tree Processes (bPTP) and General Mixed Yule Coalescent (GMYC). The phylogenetic reconstruction based on the matK gene resolved the relationships between the families and further suggested the expansion of the Lamiaceae to include some core Verbanaceae genus, e.g., Gmelina.
    [Show full text]
  • Maurício Zanovello Schuster Weed Community in Integrated Crop
    81,9(56,'$'()('(5$/'23$5$1È 0$85Ë&,2=$129(//26&+867(5 :(('&20081,7<,1,17(*5$7('&523/,9(672&.6<67(06 &85,7,%$ MAURÍCIO ZANOVELLO SCHUSTER WEED COMMUNITY IN INTEGRATED CROP-LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, Área de Concentração em Produção Vegetal, Departamento de Fitotecnia e Fitossanitarismo, Setor de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Paraná, como parte das exigências para obtenção do título de Doutor em Ciências. Comitê de orientação: Dr. Anibal de Moraes, Dr. Adelino Pelissari, Dr. Sebastião Brasil Campos Lustosa, Dra. Claudete Lang, Dr. Paulo Faccio de Cesar Carvalho, Dr. Kent Harrison, Dr. Mark Sulc e Dr. François Gastal. CURITIBA 2018 FICHA CATALOGRÁFICA ELABORADA PELO SISTEMA DE BIBLIOTECAS/UFPR - BIBLIOTECA DE CIÊNCIAS AGRÁRIAS, DOUGLAS ALEX JANKOSKI CRB 9/1167 COM OS DADOS FORNECIDOS PELO(A) AUTOR(A) Schuster, Maurício Zanovello Weed community in integrated crop-livestock systems / S395w Maurício Zanovello Schuster. - Curitiba, 2018. 147 f. : il., grafs., tabs. Tese (Doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná. Setor de Ciências Agrárias, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia - (Produção Vegetal). Orientador: Anibal de Moraes 1. Erva daninha - Controle biológico. 2. Rotação de cultivos. 3. Plantas - População. 4. Agropecuária. 5. Dinâmica de vegetação. I. Moraes, Anibal de. II. Título. III. Universidade Federal do Paraná. CDU 632.51:631.582 Dedicatória: Dedico este trabalho a Deus, aos meus pais João Eloi e Jandira, a minha irmã Larissa e a minha noiva Maiara. AGRADECIMENTO Agradeço, acima de tudo, a Deus. Aos meus Pais João Eloi Schuster e Jandira Zanovello Schuster, a minha irmã Larissa Zanovello Schuster e a minha noiva Maiara Massiroli pelo amor e apoio incondicional.
    [Show full text]
  • Plant Rank List.Xlsx
    FAMILY SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME S RANK Aceraceae Acer ginnala Amur Maple SNA Aceraceae Acer negundo Manitoba Maple S5 Aceraceae Acer negundo var. interius Manitoba Maple S5 Aceraceae Acer negundo var. negundo Manitoba Maple SU Aceraceae Acer negundo var. violaceum Manitoba Maple SU Aceraceae Acer pensylvanicum Striped Maple SNA Aceraceae Acer rubrum Red Maple SNA Aceraceae Acer spicatum Mountain Maple S5 Acoraceae Acorus americanus Sweet Flag S5 Acoraceae Acorus calamus Sweet‐flag SNA Adoxaceae Adoxa moschatellina Moschatel S1 Alismataceae Alisma gramineum Narrow‐leaved Water‐plantain S1 Alismataceae Alisma subcordatum Common Water‐plantain SNA Alismataceae Alisma triviale Common Water‐plantain S5 Alismataceae Sagittaria cuneata Arum‐leaved Arrowhead S5 Alismataceae Sagittaria latifolia Broad‐leaved Arrowhead S4S5 Alismataceae Sagittaria rigida Sessile‐fruited Arrowhead S2 Amaranthaceae Amaranthus albus Tumble Pigweed SNA Amaranthaceae Amaranthus blitoides Prostrate Pigweed SNA Amaranthaceae Amaranthus hybridus Smooth Pigweed SNA Amaranthaceae Amaranthus retroflexus Redroot Pigweed SNA Amaranthaceae Amaranthus spinosus Thorny Amaranth SNA Amaranthaceae Amaranthus tuberculatus Rough‐fruited water‐hemp SU Anacardiaceae Rhus glabra Smooth Sumac S4 Anacardiaceae Toxicodendron rydbergii Poison‐ivy S5 Apiaceae Aegopodium podagraria Goutweed SNA Apiaceae Anethum graveolens Dill SNA Apiaceae Carum carvi Caraway SNA Apiaceae Cicuta bulbifera Bulb‐bearing Water‐hemlock S5 Apiaceae Cicuta maculata Water‐hemlock S5 Apiaceae Cicuta virosa Mackenzie's
    [Show full text]
  • Yellow Archangel Lamium – a Devil to Control!
    ALIEN PLANT INVADERS: Yellow Archangel Lamium – A Devil To Control! A series of articles on how to identify and manage some common invasive species on Salt Spring Island, by Jean Wilkinson, Stewardship Committee, Salt Spring Island Conservancy (former articles available on SSIC Web-site) The spread of invasive species is a very serious threat to our native flora and ecosystems, but we can help reduce the impacts of invasive plants by not planting them and by preventing and controlling infestations in our yards and neighbourhoods. In our region one of the most common and challenging invasive plants is Yellow Archangel, aka Dead-nettle. A type of Lamium native to Europe, Asia, and North Africa, it is often used in hanging baskets or sold as a low maintenance, fast- growing perennial ground-cover, easily adaptable to sun or shade. This description should trigger alarm bells! Such plants can quickly take over garden beds and invade nearby natural areas, and they’re difficult to control and remove. Avoiding this problem by planting non-invasive alternatives (see below) is the best policy, but established patches of Lamium and other invasive species can be removed with a bit of effort. Yellow Archangel is particularly problematic as it often spreads into undisturbed wooded areas, forming thick mats and smothering the native plants that provide habitat for wildlife. Large areas can be severely impacted by the dumping of a single hanging basket. Other Lamium varieties (eg L. purpureum) also escape gardens, so if you’re set on growing any of these, please keep them in a contained area, away from the edges of woods or meadows, and be sure to deadhead the flowers.
    [Show full text]
  • The Vascular Flora of Rarău Massif (Eastern Carpathians, Romania). Note Ii
    Memoirs of the Scientific Sections of the Romanian Academy Tome XXXVI, 2013 BIOLOGY THE VASCULAR FLORA OF RARĂU MASSIF (EASTERN CARPATHIANS, ROMANIA). NOTE II ADRIAN OPREA1 and CULIŢĂ SÎRBU2 1 “Anastasie Fătu” Botanical Garden, Str. Dumbrava Roşie, nr. 7-9, 700522–Iaşi, Romania 2 University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Iaşi, Faculty of Agriculture, Str. Mihail Sadoveanu, nr. 3, 700490–Iaşi, Romania Corresponding author: [email protected] This second part of the paper about the vascular flora of Rarău Massif listed approximately half of the whole number of the species registered by the authors in their field trips or already included in literature on the same area. Other taxa have been added to the initial list of plants, so that, the total number of taxa registered by the authors in Rarău Massif amount to 1443 taxa (1133 species and 310 subspecies, varieties and forms). There was signaled out the alien taxa on the surveyed area (18 species) and those dubious presence of some taxa for the same area (17 species). Also, there were listed all the vascular plants, protected by various laws or regulations, both internal or international, existing in Rarău (i.e. 189 taxa). Finally, there has been assessed the degree of wild flora conservation, using several indicators introduced in literature by Nowak, as they are: conservation indicator (C), threat conservation indicator) (CK), sozophytisation indicator (W), and conservation effectiveness indicator (E). Key words: Vascular flora, Rarău Massif, Romania, conservation indicators. 1. INTRODUCTION A comprehensive analysis of Rarău flora, in terms of plant diversity, taxonomic structure, biological, ecological and phytogeographic characteristics, as well as in terms of the richness in endemics, relict or threatened plant species was published in our previous note (see Oprea & Sîrbu 2012).
    [Show full text]
  • Barrowhill, Otterpool and East Stour River)
    Folkestone and Hythe Birds Tetrad Guide: TR13 D (Barrowhill, Otterpool and East Stour River) The tetrad TR13 D is an area of mostly farmland with several small waterways, of which the East Stour River is the most significant, and there are four small lakes (though none are publically-accessible), the most northerly of which is mostly covered with Phragmites. Other features of interest include a belt of trees running across the northern limit of Lympne Old Airfield (in the extreme south edge of the tetrad), part of Harringe Brooks Wood (which has no public access), the disused (Otterpool) quarry workings and the westernmost extent of Folkestone Racecourse and. The northern half of the tetrad is crossed by the major transport links of the M20 and the railway, whilst the old Ashford Road (A20), runs more or less diagonally across. Looking south-west towards Burnbrae from the railway Whilst there are no sites of particular ornithological significance within the area it is not without interest. A variety of farmland birds breed, including Kestrel, Stock Dove, Sky Lark, Chiffchaff, Blackcap, Lesser Whitethroat, Yellowhammer, and possibly Buzzard, Yellow Wagtail and Meadow Pipit. Two rapidly declining species, Turtle Dove and Spotted Flycatcher, also probably bred during the 2007-11 Bird Atlas. The Phragmites at the most northerly lake support breeding Reed Warbler and Reed Bunting. In winter Fieldfare and Redwing may be found in the fields, whilst the streams have attracted Little Egret, Snipe and, Grey Wagtail, with Siskin and occasionally Lesser Redpoll in the alders along the East Stour River. Corn Bunting may be present if winter stubble is left and Red Kite, Peregrine, Merlin and Waxwing have also occurred.
    [Show full text]
  • Flowering Plants of South Norwood Country Park
    Flowering Plants Of South Norwood Country Park Robert Spencer Introduction South Norwood Country Park relative to its size contains a wide range habitats and as a result a diverse range of plants can be found growing on site. Some of these plants are very conspicuous, growing in great abundance and filling the park with splashes of bright colour with a white period in early May largely as a result of the Cow Parsley, this is followed later in the year by a pink period consisting of mainly Willow herbs. Other plants to be observed are common easily recognisable flowers. However there are a great number of plants growing at South Norwood Country Park that are less well-known or harder to spot, and the casual observer would likely be surprised to learn that 363 species of flowering plants have so far been recorded growing in the park though this number includes invasive species and garden escapes. This report is an update of a report made in 2006, and though the site has changed in the intervening years the management and fundamental nature of the park remains the same. Some plants have diminished and some have flourished and the high level of diversity is still present. Many of these plants are important to other wildlife particularly in their relationship to invertebrate pollinators, and some of these important interactions are referenced in this report. With so many species on the plant list there is a restriction on how much information is given for each species, with some particularly rare or previously observed but now absent plants not included though they appear in the index at the back of the report including when they were last observed.
    [Show full text]