Sustainable Development Committee 10 February 2016
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ITEM 6 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE 10 FEBRUARY 2016 STORNOWAY SPACEPORT UPDATE Report by Director of Development PURPOSE OF REPORT: To update the Comhairle in regard to developments around the establishment of a UK Spaceport. COMPETENCE 1.1 There are no legal or other constraints to the recommendations being implemented. Short-term activity around engagement on the Spaceport will be funded from existing budgets. In due course, however, there may be a need to engage external advisers and present a case for a Stornoway Spaceport. This will require budgetary provision to be identified at the appropriate time. SUMMARY 2.1 The UK Government's Space Innovation and Growth Strategy includes an ambition to establish a Spaceport in the UK by 2018. In support of this the Department for Transport (DfT) and the UK Space Agency tasked the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) to undertake a detailed review of requirements to enable spaceplanes to operate from the UK, pending feasibility and a decision to do so. The CAA reported in July 2014, with Stornoway Airport identified as one of eight aerodromes with the ability to host sub-orbital flights. 2.2 Between 15 July and 6 October 2014, the Government undertook a consultation on the eight locations that the CAA had identified and whether there are any other factors or criteria which should be considered in selecting a site for the Spaceport. The Outer Hebrides Community Planning Partnership (OHCPP) agreed in August 2014 to respond to the consultation and to further investigate the UK Spaceport proposal. 2.3 The DfT announced the response to the consultation on 3 March 2015 and concluded that Stornoway aerodrome remained a feasible UK Spaceport location. The next step in the process is for the DfT to develop a detailed technical specification of Spaceport requirements, prior to inviting proposals. This is due to be published later this year. 2.4 A technical briefing meeting held by the DfT and the CAA on 6 November 2015 provided some additional information on the current scope and the key safety and operational requirements. Discussions with key partners suggest that there is an emerging opportunity for the concept of a Hebrides Spaceport based at Stornoway and Hebrides Range, South Uist, offering both horizontal and vertical capability. 2.5 The Comhairle has been invited to attend a conference in London on the UK Spaceport organised by the Royal Aeronautical Society attended by all the proposed locations and other key parties. 2.6 Significant potential benefits will arise for the Spaceport host location in terms of tourism and science jobs. The next period will be critical and it will be essential for the Comhairle and its local partners to fully engage with the process. RECOMMENDATION 3.1 It is recommended that the Comhairle: (a) agree to note the current situation; (b) fully support and prepare a comprehensive bid around a ‘Hebrides Spaceport’ concept; and (c) authorise the Director of Development to engage with Government, regulators and industry to support the case for a ‘Hebrides Spaceport’. Contact Officer: Joe MacPhee, Head of Economic Development Appendix: None Background Papers: Report to Sustainable Development Committee 15 April 2015 BACKGROUND 4.1 In its 2011 “Plan for Growth” the UK Government identified the space industry as one of eight key sectors that has the potential to drive economic growth and create jobs. By 2030, the global space economy is expected to be worth £400bn per annum, with the Government’s ambition being that the UK’s space economy should account for 10% of the global economy by 2030, some £40bn per year. A key part of this ambition is for the UK to be the European centre for sub-orbital spaceflight. 4.2 The UK Government's “Space Innovation and Growth Strategy, 2014–2030” and “Space Growth Action Plan” both include an ambition to "establish a Spaceport in the UK by 2018 and identify further reforms to regulation needed to allow commercial space flights in the UK". 4.3 In August 2012, the Department for Transport (DfT) and the UK Space Agency tasked the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) to undertake a detailed review of what would be required, from an operational and regulatory perspective, to enable spaceplanes to operate from the UK by 2018, pending demonstration of feasibility and a decision to do so. 4.4 The Government responded to the CAA Report in March 2015. They agreed that the CAA’s criteria had provided an appropriate framework to assess the feasibility of locations to become the UK spaceport and reduced the number of potential aerodromes to five as follows: Campbeltown Airport Glasgow Prestwick Airport Llanbedr Airfield Newquay Cornwall Airport Stornoway Airport 4.5 The Outer Hebrides Community Planning Partnership agreed in February 2014 to further investigate the Spaceport proposal. 4.6 The Comhairle considered an update Report on the UK Spaceport opportunity in April 2015 and agreed to authorise the Director of Development to continue to investigate the potential around the Spaceport proposal. CURRENT SITUATION 5.1 The other four locations have undertaken various degrees of marketing and promotion of their own sites as follows: Prestwick - http://www.prestwickspaceport.com/ Machrihanish - http://www.discoverspaceuk.com/ Llanbedr - https://www.gwynedd.gov.uk/en/Council/News/Press- releases/March2015/LlanbedrmakesUKSpaceportshortlist.aspx/Newquay - http://www.spaceportnewquay.co.uk/ 5.2 A technical briefing meeting for the prospective locations was held by the DfT and the CAA on 6 November 2015. The presentations included further details on the emerging technical requirements, especially aligning the regulatory framework with the US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the Office of Commercial Space Transportation (AST). 5.3 Further to the technical briefing, the following presentations are now available at https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/spaceport-briefing-on-emerging-requirements . 5.4 The briefing clarified that the scope of Spaceport operations includes for horizontally launched spaceplane operations and a vertical launch site for polar orbital satellite launch, most likely at a green field location in the north of Scotland. 5.5 Key safety considerations for Spaceport locations are: In order to protect the uninvolved general public, and to comply with FAA AST safety requirements, a Spaceport should be located in an area of low population density; The UK has no desert locations! Therefore a coastal site is seen as most appropriate; Easy access to segregated airspace – away from normal air traffic routes; 5.6 Key operational considerations include: Runway length/direction Coastal location Weather patterns Local population density Airspace and local ATM complexity Other aviation users of site Environmental considerations (For vertical launch site/spaceport, a clear sea track to the North is required for Polar Orbit insertion) 5.7 At this stage, the detailed technical specification of Spaceport requirements has not yet been published. However, the technical briefing does provide some additional information on the current scope and the key safety and operational requirements. 5.8 The initial focus is on creating the necessary legislative and regulatory framework that will enable commercial suborbital space flights alongside existing civilian and military airspace operations. Alongside this, it is the Government’s intention to select a preferred location for a UK spaceport that will be capable of operating horizontal commercial spaceplanes. 5.9 The UK Government are closely examining what this selection process will look like to ensure that it is fair, transparent and robust. They will draw on established approaches to appraisal and will ensure that the preferred location meets a number of key criteria: that it can deliver a spaceport technically capable of operating horizontal commercial spaceplanes; that it will be commercially viable; that it can ensure the safety of the uninvolved public; that it takes into account the potential environmental impacts of the spaceport; that it will deliver local and national economic growth; 5.10 These criteria are likely to form the core of any selection process, though the final criteria has not yet been settled. HEBRIDES SPACEPORT 6.1 Discussions with key partners suggest that there is an emerging opportunity for a location with sites offering both horizontal and vertical capability. Initial thoughts therefore include developing the concept of a ‘Hebrides Spaceport’ based at Stornoway and Hebrides Range, South Uist. 6.2 The inclusion of the Hebrides Ranges includes the potential for developing a relationship with QinetiQ. QinetiQ have confirmed that at this stage, they will be remaining independent of any bids for Spaceports. A recent Youtube video of QinetiQ’s role in supporting the Maritime Theatre Missile Defence (MTMD) Forum which took place in October 2015 on and around the MOD Hebrides Range is available and will be shown at the Committee. 6.3 The Comhairle has also been invited to attend a conference in London organised by the Royal Aeronautical Society. The ‘Spaceport UK: A New Frontier for Growth and Enterprise’ conference will include presentations from all the prospective locations as well as potential Spaceport operators. CONCLUSION 6.4 It is clear that the Outer Hebrides remains a viable location for a UK Spaceport. The publication of the detailed specification will help clarify the exact requirements and what will be required of spaceport locations and bidders. This will dictate whether or not they go forward with a formal proposal. 6.5 For the Comhairle and its local partners the next period will be characterised by continued engagement with industry and Government in order to fully understand the opportunity arising from the establishment of a Spaceport and potentially from other elements of the Government’s wider Space Innovation and Growth Strategy. 6.6 Following publication of the detailed specification a Report will be brought back to the Comhairle updating on the process.